PetroBowl Competition Sample Questions

All the roads lead to Beijing

2013 Future Petroleum Engineers

Conference

China University of Petroleum

(Beijing ) SPE Student Chapter

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1 Toss up

1Q: This phenomenon can occur anywhere in the production system, either at
bottomhole or in surface lines and equipment. It is the loss of metal due to chemical
or electrochemical reactions, which could eventually destroy a structure. The rate of
it will vary with time depending on the particular conditions of the oil field, such as
the amount of water produced, secondary recovery operations and pressure
variations. Name it.
A: Corrosion

2Q: Attempts were made to keep this deal secret but rumours began to circulate when
it became known that Albert Fall was spending large sums of money. On 14th April,
1922, the Wall Street Journal reported that Fall had leased it to Harry F. Sinclair.
Name this scandal.
A: Teapot Dome Scandal

3Q: What are the small pieces of rock created as a drill bit moves through
underground formations while drilling called?
A: Drill cuttings

4Q: There was a main writer and journalist whose reports published on McClure's
jounal were assembled The History of the Standard Oil Company. What is her name?
A: Ida Tarbell

5Q: This equipment is installed at the wellhead to control pressures in the annular
space between the casing and drill pipe or tubing during drilling, completion, and
workover operations. Name this equipment.
A: Blowout preventer (BOP)

6Q: A famous Chinese driller who is called as "iron man".

A:Wang Jinxi

7Q: What is the application of hydraulic pressure to the reservoir formation to create
fractures through which oil or gas may move to the wellbore?
A: Hydraulic Fracturing

8Q: what's the percent of shale gas made in the total gas market?
A: 30%3%

9Q: Barrel is a unit of measure for oil and petroleum products. How many U.S.
gallons is a Barrel equal to?
A: 42 U.S. gallon

10Q: One of the largest oilfields in China, located in the northeast of China.
A: Daqing

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11Q: Name the largest accidental marine oil spill in the history of petroleum industry?
A: The Deepwater Horizon oil spill (also referred to as the BP oil spill, the BP oil
disaster)

12Q: A positive displacement drilling motor that uses hydraulic horsepower of the
drilling fluid to drive the drill bit. And they are used extensively in directional
drilling operations.
Name it.
A: Mud motor

13Q: He was an American industrialist and a founder of Standard Oil. He was also a
key figure in the development of the eastern coast of Florida along the Atlantic
Ocean and was founder of what became the Florida East Coast Railway.
A: Henry Flagler

14Q: This is multiphase-fluid flow regime characterized by a series of liquid plugs

separated by a relatively large gas pockets. In vertical flow, the bubble is an axially
symmetrical bullet shape that occupies almost the entire cross-sectional area of the
tubing. The resulting flow alternates between high-liquid and high-gas composition.
Name this type of flow.
A: Slug flow

15Q:This kind of device is commonly called a three-phase separator because it can

separate gas, oil and free water. The liquids that are discharged from it are further
treated in vessels called treaters. What is this kind of device called?
A: free-water knockout

16Q: Arab oil embargo happened in which year?

A: 1973

17Q: The measurement of the permeability, or ability to flow or transmit fluids

through a rock, conducted when a single fluid, or phase, is present in the rock. The
symbol most commonly used for permeability is k, which is measured in units of
darcies or millidarcies.
A: absolute permeability

18Q: What is the ratio between the volume of the pore space in reservoir rock and the
total bulk volume of the rock?
A: Porosity

19Q: This is a mechanical device that must simultaneously suspend the weight of the
drillstring, provide for rotation of the drillstring beneath it while keeping the upper
portion stationary, and permit high-volume flow of high-pressure drilling mud from
the fixed portion to the rotating portion without leaking. Name this device.
A: Swivel

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20Q: This is a type of drilling which uses coiled tubing with downhole mud motors to
turn the bit to deepen a wellbore. This type of drilling operations proceeds quickly
compared to using a jointed pipe drilling rig because connection time is eliminated
during tripping. Name this type of drilling.
A: Coiled tubing drilling

21Q: This is a type of drilling under the condition that the pressure being exerted
inside the wellbore (from the drilling fluids) is less than the pressure of the oil or gas
in the formation. Name it.
A: Underbalanced drilling

22Q: This is a kind of oil that does not move when fluids are flowed through the rock
in normal conditions, for example primary and secondary recovery, and invasion.
What is this kind of oil?
A: residual oil

23Q: In ancient what material people used for construction of gas pipelines in China?
A: Bamboo

24Q: what is the natural gas produced with crude oil from the same reservoir called?
A: Associated gas

25Q: Very often operations are needed on a producing well to restore or increase
production. It may be performed to stimulate the well, remove sand or wax from the
wellbore, to mechanically repair the well, or for other reasons. What are these
operations are called?
A: Workover

26Q: What is the method used to permanently seal annular spaces between casing and
borehole walls called?
A: Cementing

27Q: This is a dimensionless factor calculated to determine the production efficiency

of a well by comparing actual conditions with theoretical or ideal conditions. Its
positive value indicates some damage or influences that are impairing well
productivity. Its negative value indicates enhanced productivity, typically resulting
from stimulation. Name this factor.
A: Skin factor

28Q: What is the reduction in permeability in reservoir rock due to the infiltration of
drilling or treating fluids into the area adjacent to the wellbore?
A: Formation damage

29Q: Name the company which was formed in 1907 through the amalgamation of a
number of oil businesses, principally the J.M. Guffey Petroleum and Gulf Refining
companies of Texas and William Larimer Mellon was a founder of it.
A: The Gulf Oil Corporation
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30Q: This is a long square or hexagonal steel bar with a hole drilled through the
middle for a fluid path. It is used to transmit rotary motion from the rotary table or
to the drillstring during drilling. Name this device.
A: Kelly

31Q: What oilfield service company French brothers Conrad and Marcel
Schlumberger found in 1926?
A: Schlumberger

32Q: It is the fraction of water in a given pore space. It is expressed in volume/volume,

percent or saturation units. Unless otherwise stated, it is the fraction of formation
water in the undisturbed zone. What is it?
A: water saturation

33Q: This is an area of depression in the crust of the Earth, caused by plate tectonic
activity and subsidence, in which sediments accumulate. What is this area of
depression called?
A: basin

34Q: This is a type of reverse fault in which the fault plane has a very shallow dip,
typically much less than 45o. The hanging wall fault block moves up the fault
surface relative to the footwall. In cases of considerable lateral movement, the fault
is described as an overthrust fault. It can occur in areas of compression of the Earth's
crust. Name this type of fault.
A: thrust fault

35Q: Name the company which was mergered with BP in 1998 and became the third
company in the world oil industry.
A: Amoco Corporation

36Q: This is a kind of communication tunnel created from the casing or liner into the
reservoir formation, through which oil or gas is produced. Name it.
A: Perforation

37Q: Name the second large oil field in the world which was discovered in 1936 and
came into production in1946.
A: Burgan in Kuwait

38Q: This is a kind of perforating to use shaped explosive charges to create

perforation tunnels. The explosive charge produces an extremely high-pressure jet
that penetrates the casing or liner to shoot into the reservoir formation. The shaped
charges are contained in a perforating gun assembly that can be conveyed on
wireline, tubing or coiled tubing, depending on the application and the wellbore
conditions. Name it.
A: jet perforating

39Q: Name the highest leader who is the longest in power of the Soviet Union.In his
leads, the Red Army of the Soviet Union with its allies defeated the Axis together."
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A: Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin

40Q: This is a tool used for the measurement of formation properties during the
excavation of the hole, or shortly thereafter, through the use of tools integrated into
the bottomhole assembly. What is the tool called?
A: LWD (Logging while drilling)

41Q: This company is the sole sponsor and controlling shareholder of PetroChina.
A: China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC).

42Q: This is a wellbore that requires the use of special tools or techniques to ensure
that the wellbore path hits a particular subsurface target, typically located away from
(as opposed to directly under) the surface location of the well. What is the wellbore
called?
A: Directional well

43Q: In 1980, under whose leadership , Iraq launched the war against Iran?
A: Saddam Hussein

44Q: This is a chemical used to break emulsions (that is, to separate the two phases).
The type of this chemical selected depends on the type of emulsion, either
oil-in-water or water-in-oil. What is this chemical called?
A: Demulsifier

45Q: This is a surface free energy that exists between two immiscible liquid phases,
such as oil and water. The energy barrier produced by energy prevents one liquid
from becoming emulsified into the other. What is the energy called?
A: Interfacial tension

46Q: This is a stress that must be applied to a material to make it begin to flow (or to
yield). It is a parameter in the Herschel-Bulkley rheological model. Name this stress.
A: yield stress

47Q: This is a sand-control method used to prevent production of formation sand. In

these operations, a steel screen is placed in the wellbore and the surrounding annulus
packed with prepared gravel of a specific size designed to prevent the passage of
formation sand. The primary objective is to stabilize the formation while causing
minimal impairment to well productivity. What is the name of the method?
A: gravel pack

48Q: This is a device used to collect small liquid droplets (moisture or hydrocarbons)
from the gas stream before it leaves the separator. Name it.
A: mist extractor

49Q: This is a famous equation. Basically it is a statement of the conservation at any

state of matter and is a method of accounting for the volumes and quantities of fluids
initially present in, produced from, injected into, and remaining in a reservoir at any
state of depletion. What is this equation commonly called?
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A: Material Balance Equation

50Q: The pressure and temperature conditions at which the first bubble of gas comes
out of solution in oil. At discovery, all petroleum reservoir oils contain some natural
gas in solution. What is this pressure called?
A: Bubblepoint

51Q: Who dug the first oil well in North America at Oil Springs, Ontario, in 1858?
A: James Miller Williams

52Q: This is the wellbore radius that produces equivalent results to those obtained
using a skin factor of zero. Name it, please.
A: effective wellbore radius

53Q: This is a fluid-flow regime characterized by swirling or chaotic motion as the

fluid moves along the pipe or conduit. The linear velocity of the fluid particles is
similar regardless of position in the conduit, although particles close to the conduit
walls have a lower velocity. What is this type of flow called?
A: turbulent flow

54Q: This is the gas mainly composed of propane and butane, which has been
liquefied at low temperatures and moderate pressures. The gas is obtainable from
refinery gases or after the cracking process of crude oil. What is this type of gas
called?
A: liquefied petroleum gas

55Q: In 1969,the president of Libya took office,and in 1970,he took unfavorable

measures to oil company,who is the president?
A: Qaddafi

56Q: This is a velocity gradient measured across the diameter of a fluid-flow channel,
be it a pipe, annulus or other shape. It is the rate of change of velocity at which one
layer of fluid passes over an adjacent layer. Name this velocity gradient.
A: Shear rate or rate of shear

57Q: In China, there is a famous person who made profound revolutions in CNOOC,
name him.
A: Fu ChengYu

58Q: This is a process of splitting a large heavy hydrocarbon molecule into smaller,
lighter components. The process involves very high temperature and pressure and
can involve a chemical catalyst to improve the process efficiency. What is this
process called?
A: Cracking

59Q: This is the temperature at which wax crystals first start to form in a crude oil.

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Wax appearance temperature (WAT) and wax precipitation temperature (WPT) are
other synonyms. Name this temperature.
A: Cloud point

60Q: He was one of the first executives of the Royal Dutch Petroleum Company and
for 36 years (19001936) its chairman and the chairman of the combined Royal
Dutch/Shell oil company.
A: Henri Deterding

61Q: This is a device or completion component designed to enable relative movement

between two fixed assemblies in the event of thermal expansion or contraction. The
forces generated by thermal expansion or contraction can be significant. It can
prevent any movement or forces being transmitted to fixed components such as
packers or tubing hangers.What is the name of the device?
A: expansion joint

62Q: This is a procedure happened as the property of some liquids or solids to soak up
water or other fluids. It is usually found in the natural gas dehydration process, using
glycols (liquids) that absorb the water vapor to finally obtain dehydrated gas. What is
this kind of procedure called?
A: absorption

63QThis is an instrument used to measure the strength or direction of the Earth's

magnetic field. What is instrument called?
A: Magnetometer

64This is a condition encountered during some hydraulic fracturing operations

whereby the fracture cannot accept further sand or proppant and only the carrier fluid
is injected into the formation. This occurs when the concentration of proppant within
the tubing string rapidly increases, creating a corresponding sudden increase in pump
pressure. What is this condition called?
A: Sandout

65Q: It is the finer grained, interstitial particles that lie between larger particles or in
which larger particles are embedded in sedimentary rocks such as sandstones and
conglomerates. What is it?
A: Matrix

66This is gas-well test, often required by law, in which one flow rate immediately
follows another, with each flow period reaching stabilized flow. The bottomhole
pressure at the end of each flow period is used to calculate gas-well deliverability.
What is this test called?
A: flow-after-flow tests

67Q: On an offshore jackup drilling rig, there is a deck below the rotary table and rig
floor where workers can access the BOP stack. Whats the name for that deck?
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A: Texas deck

68Q: When gas passes through the restrictions, it will expand and lead to a
temperature change. Whats the name for this phenomenon?
A: Joule-Thomson effect

69Q:The best way to measure formation closure pressure is to perform a series of

minifrac tests. However this is normally not done during the drilling phase. So what
test is performed for this?
A: Leak-off test.

70"Name a U.S. oil industrialist whose nickname was ""Buckskin Joe"" and he
founded The Texas Company, which would eventually be known as Texaco
Incorporated.
A: Joseph S. Cullinan

71Q: This is the difference between the average velocities of two different fluids
flowing together in a pipe. In vertical ascending flow, the lighter fluid flows faster
than the heavier fluid. Name it.
A: slip velocity

72Q: This is a test in an oil or gas well to determine its flow capacity at specific
conditions of reservoir and flowing pressures. The absolute open flow potential
(AOFP) can be obtained from these tests, and then the inflow performance
relationship (IPR) can be generated. What is this test called?
A: productivity test (deliverability test)

73An American industrialist who is often considered the father of the American oil
industry and sponsored Edwin Drake to drill the first well.
A: George Bissell

74These are the flux (flow rate) or pressure states assigned to the theoretical
boundaries used in developing and solving the differential equations that apply to
well testing and in specifying a model to match to pressure-transient data. Name it,
please.
A: boundary conditions

75This is a wellbore acid treatment designed to remove scale or similar deposits from
perforations and well-completion components. This treatment generally does not
include injection of treatment fluid into the reservoir formation. What is it?
A: acid wash

76An in-situ combustion technique in which water is injected simultaneously or

alternately with air into a formation.
A: Wet combustion

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77A rack that supports the stands of pipe being stacked in the derrick or mast. What is
this
A: fingerboard

78which oil field in china has the toppest petroleum production by 2012?
A: Changqing oil field

79The second stage of hydrocarbon production during which an external fluid such as
water or gas is injected into the reservoir through injection wells located in rock that
has fluid communication with production wells. The purpose of secondary recovery
is to maintain reservoir pressure and to displace hydrocarbons toward the wellbore.
A: secondary recovery

80Which oil field is iron man's hometown and called as "the cradle of China's oil
industry".
A: Yumen oil field

81which contry has the largest heavy oil reserves?

A: Canada

82A measure of the effectiveness of an enhanced oil recovery process that depends on
the volume of the reservoir contacted by the injected fluid.
A: Sweep efficiency

83The number of cubic feet of gas per 24 hours that would be produced by a well if
the only pressure against the face of the producing sand in the well bore were
atmospheric pressure.
A: Absolute Open Flow:

84This law is the combination of the volume, temperature, and pressure relationships
of Boyles and Charles laws resulting in the relationship PV=RT. Real gases deviate
by varying amounts from this law.
A: Ideal Gas Law:

85What kind of water injection pattern is generally adopted for heterogeneous

sandstone reservoir?
A: pattern flood

86Mixture of water and special additives circulating within the well for the purpose of
cooling the drill-bit, removing rock cuttings and transporting them back up to the
surface, preventing the well wall from caving in, maintaining sufficient pressure at
the well bottom to avoid hydrocarbon blowout.
A: Drilling Mud:

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2 Bonus

1 Q: For 5 points each, list 4 types of well completion methods.

A: open-hole completion, perforated completion, gravel-pack completion,
wire-wrapped screen completion, tubingless/casing completion, coil-tubing
completion, multiple completion

2 Q: For 5 points each, list 4 common oil and gas traps.

A: normal fault, salt dome, anticlines, stratigraphic pinch-out, reef, thrust fault

3 Name 3 major methods of chemical flooding.

A: Surfactant flooding, polymer flooding, caustic flooding (or alkaline flooding)
Alkaline-surfactant-polymer flooding (ASP)

4 Q: Name 5 Middle East countries

A: Egypt, Iran, Turkey, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Syria, UAE, Israel, Jordan,
Lebanon, Oman, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, Cyprus

5 Q: At the end of 2011,what are the 5 top countries in relation to the proved reserves
of oil?A: VenezuelaSaudi ArabiaCanadaIranIraq

6 Q: Name the three main units of the earths interior.

A: Core, mantle and crust.

7 Q: The price of oil reaches peak in mid-July,2008, what is it?

A: $145.315

8 Q: In history ,in which dynasty who first name crude oil officially?
A: Chinese people Shen Kuo in Song dynasty

9 Q: Rotary rigs drill the vast majority of wells today, including all medium and deep
wells. The rotary rig consists of four major systems. For 5 points each, name them.
A: The engines (or prime moverspower system)hoisting system, rotating system
( or rotary system), mud system (or fluid circulating system)

10 Q: On July 17, 1913 , in a statement to the British parliament he warned that "if we
can't get oil, we also won't get grain, cotton, and many required goods to keep the
economic vitality of the Britain. Who is he?
A: Winston Churchill

11 Q: Name of the First Vessel (Tanker) dispatched by Marcus Samuel through the
Suez Canal in 1892.
A: Murex

12 Q: This is a kind of chemical injected into the wellbore to prevent or minimize

paraffin deposition. Name it.
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A: paraffin inhibitor

13 Q: Total is one of the top 4 petrochemical companyswhose headquarters are in

French. Name the 3 brands of it.
A: FINAELFTotal

14 Q: List 4 kinds of Nonseismic surveys.

A: gravity surveys, magnetic surveys, Electric surveys, Radio-active surveys,
Geophysical well logging.

15 Q: This is a method for determining the effective properties of random fields,

commonly abbreviated EMT. Originally developed to estimate transport
coefficients, this theory is based on the idea of replacing the inhomogeneous
medium by an equivalent homogenous medium such that the fluctuations induced
by restoring the heterogeneity average to zero. What is the methods name?
A: effective medium theory

16 Q: Diagenesis is a process through which the loose sediments are compacted and
cemented into sedimentary rocks. List 4 ways of diagenesis:
A: Compaction ,Cementation Recrystalization , Authigenesis .

17 QIt is a hydrocarbon fluid that is used to dilute heavy oil and reduce its viscosity
for easier transportation. Generally a distillation tower cut such as naphtha is used
as for heavy oil dilution and transportation. The added may be recovered at the
destination using distillation and it may be subsequently pumped back for blending.
Name this hydrocarbon fluid.
A: Diluent

18 Q: The first oil well is drilled in which country? In which year?

A: China, 347A.D

19 Q: According to statistics released by BP, what's the daily oil production in U.S. in
2011?
A: 7841 thousand barrels10

20 Q: This is one of the four main components of petroleum, along with asphaltenes,
aromatics and saturates (which include waxes). Aromatics, saturates and this
component are also known as maltenes. It adds to the stickiness and viscosity of
heavy oil. What is this component called?
A: Resin

21 Q: According to statistics released byEIA(U.S. Energy Information

Adiministration), what's the proved reserves of natural gas in U.S. by 2010 ?
A: 304.629 trillion cubic feet3

22 Q: The most prolific oil reserves in the United States was not discovered until
October, 1930. The East Texas Oilfield included Rusk, Upshur, Gregg and Smith
counties. The company was the first small company to find oil in East Texas.
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A: Deep Rock Oil Company

23 Q: "There is a saying that ""things that decided the victory of the first world war
is coal, the French has no coal; things that decided the victory of second world
war is oil, the French has no oil", who say it?
A: Charles de Gaulle

24 Q: On July 17, 1913 , in a statement to the British parliament he warned that "if we
can't get oil, we also won't get grain, cotton, and many required goods to keep the
economic vitality of the Britain. Who is he?
A: Winston Churchill

25 Q: When it comes to the size of the proppant, for example, 100 mesh, what does the
mesh refer to?
A: The number of holes in the length of 1 inch

26 Q: The Seven Sisters included Exxon, Mobil, Chevron, Texaco, Gulf, Royal Dutch
/Shell, BP. Now there is another company called the eighth sister, name it?
A: CFP, French Petroleum Company

27 Q: The global battle of production intensified the long-standing rivalry between the
two key oil countries of the Middle East. What are the names of these two countries?
AIran and Saudi Arabia.

28 Q: During the economic depression, in autumn of 1930, the discovery of one oil
field was the largest oil field ever found in forty-eight states. Name this oil field.
A: the Black Giant

29 In the parlance of the oil industry, what a giant oil field is called?
A: an elephant

30 Q: In which year the hydraulic fracturing technique started?

A: 1946

31 When and by whom was Daqing oilfield discovered?

A: 1959, Li Siguang

32 Name the oil field which was the the largest oil field discovered in1995. It's also the
largest oil industry company in westen China.
A: Karamay oil field

33 "Recently an oil company will buy Cooper Basin shale gas assets from Beach
Energy for up to 349 million dollars. Which company is it?"
A: Chevron

34 please name the times of the oil crisis and their occuring time.
A: six, 1951,1955,1967,1973,1979,1990
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35 In 1974, IEA (International Energy Agency) was established, what is the IEA's
purpose?
A: To ease the impact of supply disruptions and avoid the boom of oil prices

36 For fear of German submarines, the Secretary of the Interior urged the industry
executives to plan two pipelines as an emergency measure to export Texas crude to
other northeast states. Name the two pipelines.
A: Big Inch, Little Big Inch

37 In 1978 Shell completed the Cognac drilling and production platform of Gulf of
Mexicowhich was the highest drilling platform in the world.What is its height?
A: 35m

38 During the World War II, the United States was divided into five Petroleum
Administration for Defense Districts, or PADDs. For 5 points each, name the five
Administration for Defense Districts.
A: East Coast, Midwest, Gulf Coast, Rocky Mountain, West Coast

39 Q: 1928, applying new technology to a concession discarded by another company,

Standard Oil of New Jersey made its first significant strike. The development of
this technology opened up the rich deposits under Lake Maracaibo, ultimately
raising a vast amount of oil from beneath the lakebed. Name this technology.
A: underwater drilling technology

40 Q: On which year, did oil begin to flow in the pipeline, which introduced a new
stage in the history of oil. This development marked the stage of Standards
integration of the oil industry.
A: 1879

41 In 1911, faced with the Sherman Antitrust Act, Standard Oil was dissolved into
separate entities. Name the two of them with the largest net value at that time, both
their historic name and current name.
A: Standard Oil of New Jersey (Jersey Standard)-- Exxon, Standard Oil of New
York (Socony)-- Mobil"

42 What is the brand name of Royal Dutch Shell's enhanced high specification fuels
for road motor vehicles?
A: Shell V-Power

43 A set of high-pressure valves and associated piping that usually includes at least
two adjustable chokes, arranged such that one adjustable choke may be isolated and
taken out of service for repair and refurbishment while well flow is directed
through the other one.
A: Chock manifold

44 The stationing of a vessel, especially a drillship or semisubmersible drilling rig, at a

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specific location in the sea by the use of computer-controlled propulsion units

called thrusters. Though drilling vessels have varying sea and weather state design
conditions, most remain relatively stable even under high wind, wave and current
loading conditions. Name this technology.
A: dynamic positioning

45 A device that turns the drillstring. It consists of one or more motors(electric or

hydraulic) connected with appropriate gearing to a short section of pipe called a
quill, that in turn may be screwed into a saver sub or the drillstring itself.
A: topdrive

46 When and Where was the first oil refinery built?

A: In Scotland, 1851

47 Q: Reserves have three basic classifications, which may be expanded to meet

individual company needs. Classification by degree of proof includes:
A: proved, probable, and possible reserves

48 A structure which cools heated refining process water by circulating the water
through a series of louvers and baffles through which cool air is forced by large
fans.
A: Cooling Tower:

49 For 10 points each, name the respective bechmark crudes primarily used in the U.S.
and Europe.
A: West Texas Intermediate, Brent Crude

Attention: these PetroBowl competition sample questions presented above are just
some examples about the FPEC PetroBowl Competition questions, and only part of
them can be used in the real competition. So make sure to be familiar with these
questions will make you have a good performance in the competition!
SPE Competition Department

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