Landing Distance Airbus

Landing performance
Performance Engineer Briefing
Presented by
HOU Runtian / Flight Operations Support Director
Introduction
For Landing Performance, the regulation requires a check of:
Maximum Certified Weight
Landing distance
Go Around Climb Gradients
These checks are required

At Dispatch for destination Airport and destination alternate airport
During the flight in case of diversion
AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Introduction
Certification standards and
Operational rules mainly address Dispatch
Landing distance assessment in

flight not yet covered by regulations
Outputs from Takeoff and Landing Performance Assessment

Aviation Rulemaking Committee (TALPA ARC) are retained by
Airbus for Landing distances computation in Flight
Introduction
Before 2012 Changes:
Certified landing distance was ALD
Used as a reference for Dispatch
Used as a reference for In-Flight Assessment
Introduction
Actual Landing Distances
ALD:
Simplified model:
At Dispatch, Landing performance assessment is based on
forecasts and not on real values as for Takeoff performance
Runway in use (QFU) for Landing is not always known at dispatch
time
No effect of Temperature
No effect of Runway slope
Very short distance due to minimum airborne distance. On DRY
Runway, Flight tests are based on:
Minimal Flare
Touchdown vertical speed 8 ft/sec
Glide angle up to 3.5
That gives a time between threshold and touch down below 4s
Actual Landing Distances
The ALD determined in this manner on dry runway does not
include any margin and provides optimistic results.
Introduction

Introduction
2012
Airbus decided to simplify, clarify and secure Landing
Performance calculation
ALD not used and not published in Operational documentation
anymore (only available in PEP Airplane Flight Manual)
Introduction
2012
RLD is the reference for Dispatch.
In-Flight Landing Distance is the new reference for
In-Flight assessment
Introduction
Content
1 Dispatch
2 In-Flight
3 In-Flight with Failure
1 - Dispatch
1 - Dispatch
AFM: All the certified landing distances (ALD and RLD)
TLO: "Landing point" and "Landing chart" calculations

in manual approach / manual braking are unchanged
(based on RLD) (No need to recompute Landing charts)
AFM: The Landing distance panel is renamed

Required Landing Distance
TLO: Landing Point option renamed

Landing Point Dispatch
1 - Dispatch
A318 / A319
A320 / A321
FLIGHT CREW
OPERATING
MANUAL
1 - Dispatch
1 - Dispatch
Dry Runway:
RLDDRY = = 1.667 x ALDDRY
Wet Runway:
RLDWET = 1.15 x RLDDRY
RLDWET = 1.15 x 1.667 x ALDDRY
RLDWET = 1.917 x ALDDRY
Contaminated Runway:
RLDCONTA = MAX (1.15 x ALDCONTA ; RLDWET)
1 - Dispatch
2012
FCOM DISPATCH: RLD for all runway states
Dry Runway:
Procedure:
RLDDRY
If Runway forecasted
Wet Runway:
Contaminated :
RLDWET
Check RLDCONTA
Contaminated Check RLDWET
Runway:
Retain
RLDCONTA MAX of RLDWET and RLDCONTA
1 - Dispatch
2012
FCOM DISPATCH: RLD for all runway states
Content
1 Dispatch
2 In-Flight
2 - In-Flight
Used as a reference for In-Flight Assessment
2012
In-Flight Landing Distance is the new reference for In-Flight

assessment
In-Flight Landing Distances
For In-Flight Landing Distance assessment, ALD is not the right
answer.
2 - In-Flight
Use of More Operational Runway Conditions
6 braking performance levels
Labelled by Reported Braking Action (RBA)
Good, Medium, Poor and intermediates
Tool required for Runway Condition assessment
IN FLIGHT PERFORMANCE
OPS DATA
OEB
2 - In-Flight
In-Flight Landing distance
All relevant parameters considered
Pressure altitude
Planned approach speed
Outside temperature and wind
Runway slope
Reverse thrust use
Realistic Airborne Phase
ALD In-Flight LD
~4s to 5s FLARE 7s FLARE

DRY
~VAPP at touch down 96% VAPP at touch down
7s FLARE 7s FLARE
CONTA
93% VAPP at touch down 96% VAPP at touch down
2 - In-Flight
2 - In-Flight
AFM: The Operational landing distance panel is redesigned
Calculation based on TALPA ARC model

New features: FMS VAPP Speed modelling
Overweight landing
Operational LD factor
Calculation of landing distance following in-flight failure
TLO: New calculation mode Landing point in-flight

TLO: Landing charts Autoland & Autobrake based on
In-Flight Landing Distance instead of ALD
2 - In-Flight
2 - In-Flight
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I AIRBORNE DISTI GROUND DIST I OLD I LD FACTOR I FACTORED OLD I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I M I M I M I I M I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I 452.3 I 603.8 I 1056.0 I 1.150 I 1214.4 I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I VAPP CAS I VAPP IAS I BRK ENER I VLS CAS I VREF CAS I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I KT I KT I % I KT I KT I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I 128.135 I 128.206 I 35.7 I************* I 123.135 I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I DELTA VREF I APPR COR I DV WIND I DV A/THR I DV ICE ACCR I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I KT I KT I KT I KT I KT I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I 0.000 I 5.000 I 0.000 I 5.000 I 0.000 I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I DV CDL I DV ADDITIONALI LD REF I FAILURE COEF I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I KT I KT I M I I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I 0.000 I 0.000 I************* I************* I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
2 - In-Flight
2 - In-Flight
A318 / A319
A320 / A321
FLIGHT CREW
OPERATING
MANUAL
2 - In-Flight
2 - In-Flight
IN FLIGHT PERFORMANCE
OPS DATA
OEB
2 - In-Flight
LANDING DISTANCE - DRY
LANDING DISTANCE - GOOD
OPS DATA
OEB
2 - In-Flight
LANDING DISTANCE GOOD TO MEDIUM LANDING DISTANCE - MEDIUM TO POOR
LANDING DISTANCE - MEDIUM LANDING DISTANCE - POOR
OPS DATA
OEB
Content
1 Dispatch
2 In-Flight
LDG PERF ..... AFFECTED
3 - In-Flight with Failure
Analytical computation
Aircraft in degraded condition
Appropriate speed increment
Available in combination with
Manual or Automatic landing
Manual or Automatic braking
Overweight
MEL
CDL
Based on In-Flight LD concept
RBA
Realistic air distance
AFM:
New In-Flight Failure function in PEP AFM
Certified
Replaces Landing distance Factors from Paper AFM
TLO:
New calculation mode Landing point in-flight with In-Flight
Failure option
Calculation of landing distance following in-flight failure
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I AIRBORNE DISTI GROUND DIST I OLD I LD FACTOR I FACTORED OLD I
Calculation of landing distance following in-flight failure: Results
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I M I M I M I I M I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I 495.0 I 723.0 I
+ = 1218.0 I 1.150 I 1400.7 I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I VAPP CAS I VAPP IAS I BRK ENER I VLS CAS I VREF CAS I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I KT I KT I % I KT I KT I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I 138.135 I 137.935 I 44.8 I************* I
= 123.135 I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I DELTA VREF I APPR COR I DV WIND I DV A/THR I DV ICE ACCR I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I KT I KT I KT I KT I KT I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I
+ 10.000 I 5.000 I
+ 0.000 I 5.000 I 0.000 I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I DV CDL I DV ADDITIONALI LD REF I FAILURE COEF I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I KT I KT I M I I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I
+ 0.000 I 0.000 I
+ / 1056.0 I
= 1.153 I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
ADDITIONAL OUTPUTS / IN FLIGHT FAILURE CASES
FLAP LEVER LDG: CONF 3
Ground idle inop = all engines
A318 / A319
A320 / A321
FLIGHT CREW
OPERATING
MANUAL
SYSTEM
Failures
SYSTEMS
Summary
Comparison between ALD & IFLD
Dispatch
PEP
FCOM
In-Flight
PEP
FCOM-QRH
In-Flight with failure

PEP
FCOM-QRH

Landing Distance Airbus

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Landing Distance Airbus

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Landing performance

Performance Engineer Briefing

These checks are required

Landing distance assessment in

Outputs from Takeoff and Landing Performance Assessment

Certified landing distance was ALD

Used as a reference for Dispatch

Used as a reference for In-Flight Assessment

Before 2012 Changes:

3 In-Flight with Failure

AFM: All the certified landing distances (ALD and RLD)

TLO: "Landing point" and "Landing chart" calculations

AFM: The Landing distance panel is renamed

TLO: Landing Point option renamed

3 In-Flight with Failure

Before 2012 Changes:

Certified landing distance was ALD

Used as a reference for In-Flight Assessment

In-Flight Landing Distance is the new reference for In-Flight

Tool required for Runway Condition assessment

~4s to 5s FLARE 7s FLARE

AFM: The Operational landing distance panel is redesigned

Calculation based on TALPA ARC model

TLO: New calculation mode Landing point in-flight

LANDING DISTANCE - DRY

LANDING DISTANCE - GOOD

LANDING DISTANCE GOOD TO MEDIUM LANDING DISTANCE - MEDIUM TO POOR

LANDING DISTANCE - MEDIUM LANDING DISTANCE - POOR

3 In-Flight with Failure

ADDITIONAL OUTPUTS / IN FLIGHT FAILURE CASES

FLAP LEVER LDG: CONF 3

Ground idle inop = all engines

In-Flight with failure

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