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7 2 2R Sadek PDF
7 2 2R Sadek PDF
Correspondence to:
Roqaya Sadek email: r_sadek@mans.edu.eg
ABSTRACT
This research studies the effect of extension increase consequence, single-knit fabrics may experience
percent of bare Lycra yarns during loop formation on permanent deformation. To improve the recovery
the geometrical, physical and mechanical properties performance of circular single-knit fabrics, it is now
of plain jersey fabrics. Samples with 100% cotton common practice to co-knit a small amount of
yarns, Lycra yarns in alternating courses (half spandex fiber or yarn with companion cotton yarn.
plating) and Lycra yarns in every course (full plating) As used herein, Lycra means a manufactured fiber in
were produced on a circular knitting machine. The which the fiber forming substance is a longchain
two latter cases were produced at five different levels synthetic polymer comprised of at least 85% of
of Lycra extension. Thermal setting was carried out segmented polyurethane [1]. The polyurethane is
without any traverse tension during finishing, thus prepared from a polyether glycol and chain extender
evaluating the full effect of Lycra extension. Results and then melt-spun, dry-spun or wet-spun to form the
show a sharp increase in the courses density rather spandex fibers. There are many different counts and
than the wales density. Fabric thickness and weight types of spandex on the market. The main ones are
per unit area also increased, and air permeability in yarns that are used on circular knitting machines
the case of the half and full plating fabrics decreased together with other yarns. For jersey knit
considerably. The breaking load and extension also constructions in circular knitting machines, the
increased, while the initial elasticity modulus process of co-knitting spandex is called "plating."
decreased with an increase in abrasion resistance in When the cotton yarn and the spandex yarn are
the case of full plating. A comparison between half knitted parallel or side-by-side in every course, with
and full plating methods contributes to improving the spandex yarn always kept on one side of the
fabric quality by determining optimal Lycra cotton yarn, the method is classified as full plating.
percentage. When the Lycra is placed in alternating courses, the
method is classified as half plating. Feeding of the
Keywords: Fabric geometrical properties, Lycra Lycra yarn to knitting machine with a rate less than
extension percent, half and full plating. the required stitch length of cotton yarn results in
yarn extension which in turn generates tension, and
INTRODUCTION as the knitted loops leave the needles the spacing of
Single jersey fabrics are generally used to make courses and wales decrease and the fabric shrinks in
underwear and outerwear such as T-shirts. Compared both directions thus affecting the properties of knitted
to woven structures, knit fabric can more easily fabric.. The aim of this research was to study the
deform or stretch by compressing or elongating the effect of Lycra extension percent on the properties of
individual stitches that from the fabric. This ability to the plain jersey fabrics by quantitative assessment in
stretch by stitch rearrangement adds to wearing order to predict the optimal lycra extension percent
comfort that, among other factors, is affected by with respect to fabric required quality.
Properties such as extensibility, air permeability, and
heat insulation of garments made from knit fabrics. LITERATURE SURVEY
Even when knit fabrics are constructed of 100% Bayazit [2] investigated the dimensional and physical
cotton, there is some recovery of the knit stitches to properties of cotton/spandex single jersey fabrics and
original dimensions after imposed forces are compared the results with fabrics knitted from cotton
removed. However, this recovery by knit stitch alone. It was apparent that as the amount of spandex
rearrangement generally is not complete because increased the loop length value remained nearly the
cotton yarns, which are not elastomeric, do not a have same and the course and wale spacing decreased.
a recovery force to rearrange the stitches. As a Furthermore, because spandex-containing fabrics
Where:
A = loop length of cotton yarn.
B = loop length of lycra yarn.
40
20
0
50 100 150 200 250
lycra Extension%
(a) (b)
FIGURE 5. Loop structure diagram of the 100% cotton single
jersey fabric: (a) theoretical jamming, (b) stitch overlapping.
Y = ((y1-y2)/y2)*100 (3)