Electrolysis La What does the term electrolysis mean? b Copy the diagram below, and label it using the words in this list, which are all connected with electrolysis: anode, enthode, electrolyte, anion, cation. o “) A) “ i) 2 In which of these would the bulb light? a > ° I I I bub sockun chiorige solution parafin oy 1 distitedwater ethanol sold. potassium ot i chiens Lgat ee uy alumina plese amend 3. Whichof the substances in question 2 are: 4 conductors? Hi non-conductors? fii electrolytes? iv non-electrolytes? b Whats the difference between a conductor and an electrolyte? ¢ For which substances above would you expect to see changes taking place atthe electrodes? 4 The electrolysis of lead bromide can be investigated ig the following apparatus. i — a What must be done to the lead bromide before the Dulb will ight? bb What would be see at the positive electrode during, the experiment? «¢ Name the substance in b. H* (ag) + Cl” (a) List the ions present in a solution of hydrochloric acid. What result would you expect, when the solution is electrolysed with platinum electrodes? ‘Anode 1 Aluminium i extracted by electrolysis of molten aluminium oxide. The aluminium ions AP) 1 Writean equation for the eaction at the cathode. b How many moles of electrons are required to obtain 1 mole of aluminium atoms? ¢ What mass of aluminium will be obtained if current of 25000 A flows for 24 hours? (The RAM of Al=27; the charge due to 1 mole of electrons is 96500 coulomts.) 32 Using platinum electrodes the apparatus betow was sot up to electrolyse three different solutions. variable rescior shrernivale solution fron aval solution copper rtrate ‘solaion 4 Why isa variable resistor needed inthe circuit? Write an eleciron transfer equation to show how silvers formed atthe negative electrode. € Inthe experiment, 0.403. of silver was formed whena current was passed for 30 minutes ‘The RAM of Ag = 108; the charge due to 1 mole of electrons is 96500 coulomb i Caleulate the current used, ii Caleulate the mass of copper formed! in the riddle cell. (The RAM of Cu = 64) 4 Inthe thre cell, 0.070 of ron was obtained. The RAM of Fe = 56. Calculate whether the solution used ‘was iron(l) nitrate (containing Fe"? ions), oriron(ll) nitrate (containing Fe’ ions) «© What would be obtained at the positive electrode ineach beaker? 13 When sodium chloride solution is electrolysed, the gases hydrogen and chlorine are obtained. 44 Writedown the formulae for the hydrogen and chlorice ions, then say which gasis obtained at each electrode. 41 Explain why hydrogen is released instead of sodium metal bi. Write the equation for the formation of clilorine gas.at the electrode. fi How many moles of electrons are requited to release I mole of chlorine gas (Cl)? {ii How many coulombs is this? (The charge due 011 mole of electrons is 96500 coulomb.) © A-current of 2A was passed for 20 minutes. i Caleulate the volume of chlorine released at room temperature and pressure (rip) (The volume of 1 mole of any gas is 24m or 24000 cm? at rtp.) 4 Explain why the volume of hydrogen released is the same as the volume of chlorine