(dummy or skeleton table)

-
- (denominator)

- "" ""
-
-

1.

68
 15

()
a
b
c
d
e
* x
z 100

* ""

(denominator)

1,000 2538
= 2540....... X 1,000
2540.....
X Y

/
1-2 3-5 6-8 9

69
2.
(, , ,.........)

15

() ()





n1 n2 N

15

(%) (%)





100

3.
(frequency distribution) 2
(contingency cross-tabulation)

70


() ()
1 n1
2 n2
3 ..
4 ..
.. ..
.. ..
10 n10
N 100

()
.4
.6

4.
-
- "" 100
99.8 % 100.12 %
- (denominator)
100
-

71
 5.
p-value

72