EUROPEAN BICYCLE MARKET

2014 edition

Industry & Market Profile

(2013 statistics)
 July 2014

CONTENTS

FOREWORD 4
BACKGROUND 5
THE EUROPEAN BICYCLE INDUSTRY 7
THE COLIBI & COLIPED MEMBERS 8

EUROPEAN BICYCLE PRODUCTION 10

EUROPEAN BICYCLE PRODUCTION (EU 28) 11
2013 BICYCLE PRODUCTION (EU 28) COUNTRY SHARE 12
2013 BICYCLE PRODUCTION (EU 28) COUNTRY RANKING 13

EUROPEAN BICYCLE PARTS AND ACCESSORIES PRODUCTION 14

2013 BICYCLE PARTS & ACCESSORIES PRODUCTION COUNTRY SHARE 15
2013 BICYCLE PARTS & ACCESSORIES PRODUCTION COUNTRY RANKING 16

EUROPEAN BICYCLE SALES 17

BICYCLE SALES 2000 2013 - UNITS 18
2013 BICYCLE SALES COUNTRY SHARE 19
2013 BICYCLE SALES COUNRTY RANKING 20
2013 AVERAGE PRICE () PER COUNTRY 21
EPAC SALES 2009-2013 22
2013 EPAC SALES COUNTRY SHARE 23
2013 EPAC SALES COUNTRY RANKING 24

2013 EUROPEAN BICYCLE INDUSTRY EMPLOYMENT 25

EMPLOYMENT IN THE EUROPEAN BICYCLE
AND BICYCLE PARTS & ACCESSORIES INDUSTRIES 26
2013 EUROPEAN BICYCLE INDUSTRY EMPLOYMENT 27
2013 EUROPEAN BICYCLE PARTS AND ACCESSORIES 28

FRANCE/GERMANY/GREAT BRITAIN/ ITALY/THE

NETHERLANDS/BULGARIA INDUSTRY & MARKET PROFILE 2000-2013 29

2
 July 2014

FRANCE 30
FRENCH MARKET REPORT 31
FRANCE - BICYCLE PRODUCTION 32
FRANCE BICYCLE SALES (UNITS) 33
FRANCE BICYCLE SALES () 34
FRANCE - PARTS & ACCESSORIES PRODUCTION 35
FRANCE - BICYCLE EMPLOYMENT 36

GERMANY 37
GERMANY - BICYCLE PRODUCTION 38
GERMANY - BICYCLE SALES (UNITS) 39
GERMANY - BICYCLE SALES () 40
GERMANY - PARTS & ACCESSORIES PRODUCTION 41
GERMANY - BICYCLE EMPLOYMENT 42

GREAT BRITAIN 43
GREAT BRITAIN MARKET REPORT 44
GREAT BRITAIN - BICYCLE PRODUCTION 45
GREAT BRITAIN - BICYCLE SALES (UNITS) 46
GREAT BRITAIN - BICYCLE SALES () 47
GREAT BRITAIN - PARTS & ACCESSORIES PRODUCTION 48
GREAT BRITAIN - BICYCLE EMPLOYMENT 49

ITALY 50
ITALY - BICYCLE PRODUCTION 51
ITALY - BICYCLE SALES (UNITS) 52
ITALY - BICYCLE SALES () 53
ITALY - PARTS & ACCESSORIES PRODUCTION 54
ITALY - BICYCLE EMPLOYMENT 55

The NETHERLANDS 56
DUTCH MARKET REPORT 57
THE NETHERLANDS - BICYCLE PRODUCTION 58
THE NETHERLANDS - BICYCLE SALES (UNITS) 59
THE NETHERLANDS - BICYCLE SALES () 60
THE NETHERLANDS - PARTS & ACCESSORIES PRODUCTION 61
THE NETHERLANDS - BICYCLE EMPLOYMENT 62

BULGARIA 63
BULGARIAN MARKET REPORT 64
BULGARIA - BICYCLE PRODUCTION 65
BULGARIA - BICYCLE SALES (UNITS) 66
BULGARIA - BICYCLE SALES () 67
BULGARIA - BICYCLE EMPLOYMENT 68

3
 July 2014

FOREWORD

This document is the fifth edition of the European Bicycle Industry & Market Profile (BIMP), an economic
study carried out by COLIBI, the Association of the European Bicycle Industry and COLIPED, the
Association of the European Two-Wheeler Parts' & Accessories' Industry.

The document is based on figures provided by our member associations and data kindly put at our disposal
by non-member countries.

It gives an overview of the European bicycle industrys activities (production and employment), relevant
market data (sales) and highlights the economic bicycle activity in the member countries.

We wish to extend our sincere thanks to our member associations, the European bicycle manufacturers
associations, the Chambers of Commerce and Embassies for their valuable and much appreciated
contribution in the compilation of this work.

Note: As the present document provides the 2013 figures, reference is correctly made to the EU28.
Croatia joined the EU in 2013 and now this country is included in the 2014 edition.

Copyright 2013 COLIBI - COLIPED

The information contained in this document may only be reproduced with explicit mention of: Source: COLIBI-COLIPED

COLIBI COLIPED
Boulevard de la Woluwe 46 b16
B 1200 Brussels
Belgium
Tel.: +32 (0)2 304 48 87
Fax: +32 (0)2 762 81 71
E-mail: greet.engelen@coliped.com
contact@colibi.com
Web: www.colibi.com and www.coliped.com

4
 July 2014

BACKGROUND

COLIBI is the Association of the European Bicycle Industry; COLIPED is the Association of the European
Two-Wheeler Parts' & Accessories' Industry.

The aim of the European associations is to promote the common interests of the European bicycle and
bicycle parts & accessories industries.

COLIBI and COLIPED are the official spokespartners of the relevant European industry. As such, they keep
in regular contact with European policy makers, European bicycle trade and cyclists associations, the
European standardization body CEN, the industry, mobility experts and the press.

COLIBI and COLIPED campaign for:

- the appointment of a European Bicycle Officer within the European Commission. COLIBI & COLIPED
launched this idea and presented it to the EC in 2007. Since then, this initiative has been supported
by several national and international associations, among them also the ECF and ETRA;
- fair trade and the fight against unfair practices in view of safeguarding the European bicycle industry;
- the application of a reduced VAT rate on all bicycle products and services;
- a better recognition of the (potential of the) bicycle and cycling in European policies and the
development of a bicycle (cycling) strategy by European policy makers;
- the introduction at European level of reliable and comparable statistics related to cycle infrastructure
and use, costs & benefits of cycling, traffic accidents, etc.;
- a better and easier access to European funding and financial means;
- the introduction in the allocation of European funding of effective criteria that serve sustainability;
- an increased cycle usage throughout the EU and beyond;
- etc

The European associations fully support the European (EN) safety standards for bicycles.
COLIBI & COLIPED have a Liaison status with CEN TC 333 Cycles and are member of the EcoMobility
Alliance (part of ICLEI).

The International Transport Forum (ITF) in Leipzig has become the real "Davos" transport meeting of the
year. Many Transport Ministers from all over the world annually take part in this event.

The presence of bicycles in the Forum is extremely important, as cycling contributions to the C02 emission
reduction would otherwise not be taken into account.
Indeed, politicians always tend to prefer up-down solutions, giving for instance billions to the car industry to
try and develop e-cars.

5
 July 2014

The e-mobility revolution in the next 10 years should be a "bottom-up" process, focusing first on EPACs
(Electric Power-Assisted Cycles) which already developed well in the past decade. Next should be the more
powerful two-wheelers such as e-bikes, e-mopeds and e-scooters and only much later (10 to 20 years from
now) attention should go to electric cars.

In fact, the technology of aluminum alloys and carbon composites, as well as the ever lighter and more
powerful batteries that we have been developing in the EPAC industry in the last decade, will undeniably be
a source of inspiration for the e-moped and even for the e-cars industry.

The EU bicycle & EPAC industry have a very important role to play, not only in Europes ambition to seriously
cut C02 emissions, but also in policies such as public health, environment (energy efficiency, noise pollution,
etc.), transport, and many more. Being the largest employer in Europe in the Green Industries, we will do our
utmost to continuously stress this role.

To promote the European bicycle industry, COLIPED annually organizes a joint European participation in the
Taipei Cycle Show (Taiwan) for European bicycle and bicycle parts & accessories manufacturers. Initiated
in 1993, the joint European booth has known an ever increasing success. In 2013, 34 European exhibitors
participated in the joint European COLIPED booth, which occupied a total surface of 837 m. A list with the
2013 participants can be found at www.coliped.com

Our members are the national bicycle industry associations in 14 different countries: Austria, Belgium,
Bulgaria, Germany, Great Britain, Finland, France, Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Spain, Sweden
and Turkey.

6
 July 2014

THE EUROPEAN BICYCLE INDUSTRY

20,000,000 bicycles are sold annually across Europe. This total exceeds that of any other means of mobility
(cars, motorcycles etc.).

On average, European citizens own more bicycles than any other means of transport.

Via their national associations, all major players on the European bicycle market are represented within
COLIBI & COLIPED.

The bicycle is:

- the most environmentally friendly, energy efficient and sustainable means of mobility;
- the cheapest means of mobility (no ownership- motorway or registration taxes, no insurances, no
driving license or parking costs and no high service maintenance costs);
- the most healthy and social means of mobility;
- the most time-saving and silent mode in urban areas;
- the most accessible mode of transport;
- simply the best mobility mode in urban areas.

COLIBI represents the European bicycle producers. The EU bicycle industry is characterized by its
modern automation, its use of high-tech materials such as carbon fibers, special alloys and very
light metals. Without any doubt, the high quality of the EU produced bicycles stimulates cycle usage
and enhances the whole cycling movement and cycling culture in Europe.

For our customers it is important that the production of mainly medium to high-end bicycles is
realized near the European home market. Deliveries can then be more flexible as the produced
series can be smaller and lead times can be shorter. Our bicycle industry is spread over the whole
EU territory, with 250 small and medium-sized bicycle producers. Thanks to the regionalism of our
green industry, C02 emissions caused by the transport of the bicycles are reduced to almost zero!

Bicycles are also used for recreation at all ages. Whether its on the playground, in the mountains,
or on the road, riding a bicycle is fun and keeps you fit.

The EU bicycle industry is seen as the best and most innovative in the world. By continuously
striving to improve the quality of our products by R&D and by making further investments, this
image can only be strengthened.

Ren Takens COLIBI President

COLIPED defends the interests of the European bicycle parts' industry. To promote this European
industry, COLIPED started to organize a joint European participation in the Taipei Cycle Show
back in 1993. The fact that we are still present at this show today 21 years later - proves that this
initiative was a big hit. This year, our joint booth accommodated 34 European companies.

Despite the difficult economic situation, the European bicycle parts' industry hasnt lost any of its
importance and still plays a prominent role in the worldwide bicycle business. This is of course due
to our constant investments & innovation, as well as our expertise & know-how (Europe is the
birthplace of the bicycle after all).

Over the past years, the role of the bicycle in regional, national and European policies has clearly
increased. COLIPED is very pleased with this positive evolution, but realizes that there is still a
long way to go. We will continue to contribute in making Europe a true bicycle-friendly place.

Jan Willem ten Dam COLIPED President

7
 July 2014

THE COLIBI & COLIPED MEMBERS

Austria
FF Tel. +43 - 1 50 105 4805 E-mail: fahrzeuge@wko.at
Wiedner Hauptstrasse 63 Fax +43 - 1 50 105 289 Web: www.wko.at/fahrzeuge
Postfach 337
A 1045 Wien

Belgium
AGORIA
Tel. +32 (0)2 706 79 69 E-mail: jan.renneboog@agoria.be
Diamant Building
Fax +32 (0)2 706 79 76 Web: www.agoria.be
Bd A. Reyers 80
B 1030 Brussels

Bulgaria
ABPB E-mail: geosof@mail.bg
Tel. +359 - 889-459-536
jk Hipodruma, bl.120 Entr.V apt.74 Web: www.abpb-bg.com
BG 1612 Sofia

Germany
Z.I.V.
Tel. +49 - (0)6196-5077 0 E-mail: neuberger@ziv-zweirad.de
Knigsteiner Strasse 20A
Fax +49 - (0)6196-5077 20 Web: www.ziv-zweirad.de
D 65812 Bad Soden/Ts.

Great Britain
BAGB
Tel. +44-2476-55 38 38 E-mail: office@ba-gb.com
3, The Quadrant
Fax +44-2476-22 83 66 Web: www.ba-gb.com
GB Coventry CV1 2DY

Finland
Technology Industries of Finland
Vehicle Manuf. Branch Group /
Tel. +358-919 231 E-mail: heikki.karsimus@techind.fi
Bicycle Manufacturers Section
Fax +358 962 44 62 Web: www.techind.fi
Etelaranta 10, POB 10
FIN 00131 Helsinki

France
CNPC Tous Vlo ! Tel. +33-1 47 31 56 25 E-mail: catherine.trachtenberg@fifas.com
3 rue Jules Guesde Fax +33-1 47 31 56 32 Web: www.tousavelo.com
F 92300 Levallois Perret

8
 July 2014

Hungary
MKKSZ
Tel. +36 - 56 586 505 E-mail: Z.Steurer@accell-group.com
P/a Accell Hunland Kft.
Fax +36 - 56 586 484
5091 Tszeg
HU - Parkol tr 1.

Italy
ANCMA Tel. +39 02 677 35 11 E-mail: nigrelli@ancma.it
Via A. Da Recanate 1 Fax +39 02 6698 20 72 Web: www.ancma.it
I 20124 Milan

Poland
Polskie Stowarzyszenie Rowerowe Tel. +48 (0)43 843 42 93 E-mail: biuro@polskiestowarzyszenierowerowe.pl
Ul. Fabryczna 6 Fax +48 (0)43 843 42 93 Web: www.polskiestowarzyszenierowerowe.pl
PL - 98-300 Wielun

The Netherlands
RAI-Vereniging Tel. +31 - (0)20-504 49 49 E-mail: s.boedijn@raivereniging.nl
Postbus 74800 Fax +31 - (0)20-504 49 98 Web: www.raivereniging.nl
NL 1070 DM Amsterdam

Spain
AMBE E-mail: ivan@asociacionambe.es
Tel. +34 - 629 33 46 62
C/ El Pla, 106 Web: www.asociacionambe.es
E 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat -
Barcelona

Sweden
FoG
Tel. +46-8 508 938 21 E-mail: joakim@branschbolaget.se
Klara Norra Kyrkogata 31 / Box 22307
Web: www.fog-cykel.se
SE - 104 22 Stockholm

Turkey
BISED
Tel. +90-236-213 0045
Organize Sanayi Blgesi 3.kisim Ahmet E-mail: Onder.Senkon@bianchi.com.tr
Fax + 90-236-213 0050
Ttncolu Cad. - NO:1
TR - Manisa

9
 July 2014

EUROPEAN BICYCLE PRODUCTION

10
 July 2014

EUROPEAN BICYCLE PRODUCTION (EU 28)

(1,000 units) 2000 2013

16 000
14 531

14 000 13 232 13 218 13 320 13 086 13 246

13 009 12 828
12 272 12 178 12 241
11 758 11 537
12 000 11 360

10 000

8 000

6 000

4 000

2 000

0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Bicycle Production (x 1,000) 14 531 13 009 12 272 12 828 13 232 13 218 13 320 13 086 13 246 12 178 12 241 11 758 11 537 11 360
Evolution year/year-1 (%) -10,47 -5,67 4,53 3,15 -0,11 0,77 -1,76 1,22 -8,06 0,52 -3,95 -1,88 -1,53

11
 July 2014

2013 EUROPEAN BICYCLE PRODUCTION (EU 28)

COUNTRY SHARE (1,000 units)

Slovakia
Czech Republic
3% Lithuania 2%
3% Others
5%
Spain Hungary
3% 3% Italy
Romania 23%
4%

France
6%
Germany
Bulgaria 19%
7% Poland
8%

Portugal
7%

The Netherlands
7%
The Netherlands

Czech Republic

Great Britain

Luxembourg
Denmark
Germany

Lithuania
Romania

Slovakia

Slovenia
Hungary
Portugal
Bulgaria

Belgium
Sweden

Finland

Estonia

Ireland
Greece
Austria

Croatia
Poland

France

Cyprus

Malta
Latvia

EU 28
Spain
Italy

Country

Bi cycl e Producti on (x 1,000) 2 671 2 162 950 850 749 741 630 473 375 367 333 294 209 137 124 109 98 50 34 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 360
Country s hare % 23,52 19,03 8,36 7,48 6,59 6,52 5,55 4,16 3,30 3,23 2,93 2,59 1,84 1,21 1,09 0,96 0,86 0,44 0,30 0,04 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 -

12
 July 2014

2013 EUROPEAN BICYCLE PRODUCTION (EU 28)

COUNTRY RANKING (1,000 units)

3 000
2 671

2 500
2 162

2 000

1 500

950
1 000 850
749 741
630
473
500 375 367 333
294
209
137 124 109 98 50 34 5 0
0
The Netherlands

Czech Republic

Great Britain

Luxembourg
Denmark
Germany

Lithuania
Romania

Slovakia

Slovenia
Hungary
Portugal
Bulgaria

Belgium
Sweden

Finland

Estonia

Ireland
Greece
Austria

Croatia
Poland

France

Cyprus

Malta
Latvia

EU 28
Spain
Italy

Country

Bi cycl e Producti on (x 1,000) 2 671 2 162 950 850 749 741 630 473 375 367 333 294 209 137 124 109 98 50 34 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 360
Country s hare % 23,52 19,03 8,36 7,48 6,59 6,52 5,55 4,16 3,30 3,23 2,93 2,59 1,84 1,21 1,09 0,96 0,86 0,44 0,30 0,04 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 -

13
 July 2014

EUROPEAN BICYCLE PARTS

AND ACCESSORIES PRODUCTION

14
 July 2014

2013 EUROPEAN BICYCLE PARTS & ACCESSORIES PRODUCTION

(EU 28) COUNTRY SHARE (M)

Great Britain
2%
Finland Others
Belgium
2% 2%
2%
Poland
4%
Czech Republic
5%
Italy
The 31%
Netherlands
6%

Portugal
7%

France
10% Germany
17%
Romania
12%
The Netherlands

Czech Republic

Great Britain

Luxembourg
Lithuania
Denmark
Germany

Romania

Portugal

Slovenia
Slovakia

Bulgaria
Belgium

Hungary

Sweden
Finland

Greece
Austria

Croatia

Estonia
Poland

Ireland
France

Cyprus

Malta

EU 28
Latvia
Spain
Italy

Country

P & A Producti on (M) 489 265 200 160 120 88 85 58 35 32 31 10 8 8 7 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 601

Country Sha re % 31 17 12 10 7 5 5 4 2 2 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100

Comments : VALUES EXCLUDING VAT

15
 July 2014

2013 EUROPEAN BICYCLE PARTS & ACCESSORIES PRODUCTION

(EU 28) COUNTRY RANKING (M)

489
500

450

400

350

300
265

250
200
200
160

150 120
88 85
100
58
50 35 32 31
10 8 8 7 5
0
The Netherlands

Czech Republic

Great Britain

Luxembourg
Lithuania
Denmark
Germany

Romania

Portugal

Slovenia
Slovakia

Bulgaria
Belgium

Hungary

Sweden
Finland

Greece
Austria

Croatia

Estonia
Poland

Ireland
France

Cyprus

Malta

EU 28
Latvia
Spain
Italy

Country

P & A Producti on (M) 489 265 200 160 120 88 85 58 35 32 31 10 8 8 7 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1601

Ra nki ng 1 2 3 4 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 13 15 16 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 2

Comments : VALUES EXCLUDING VAT

16
 July 2014

EUROPEAN BICYCLE SALES

17
 July 2014

EUROPEAN BICYCLE SALES (EU 28)

(1,000 units) 2000 - 2013

25 000

20 912 21 033 21 344 20 461 20 039

20 206 20 322 20 206
19 582 19 719 19 780
20 000 18 945
17 745 17 840

15 000

10 000

5 000

0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Bicycle Sales (x 1,000) 18 945 17 745 17 840 20 206 20 322 20 912 21 033 21 344 20 206 19 582 20 461 20 039 19 719 19 780
Evolution (%) -6,33 0,54 13,26 0,57 2,90 0,58 1,48 -5,33 -3,09 4,49 -2,06 -1,60 0,31

18
 July 2014

2013 EUROPEAN BICYCLE SALES (EU 28)

(1,000 units)

Czech Republic Portugal Finland

Romania 2% Greece 2%
2%
2% 2%
Croatia Others
Austria 2% 6% Germany
Belgium 2% 19%
2%
Denmark
3%
Sweden
3% Great Britain
17%

The
Netherland Poland
s
5% France
5% Italy
8% 14%

Spain
5%
The Netherlands

Czech Republic
Great Britain

Luxembourg
Lithuania
Denmark
Germany

Romania

Portugal

Slovenia
Slovakia

Bulgaria
Belgium

Hungary
Sweden

Finland
Greece
Austria

Croatia

Estonia
Poland

Ireland
France

Cyprus

Malta

EU 28
Latvia
Spain
Italy

Country

Bi cycl e Sa l es (x 1,000) 3 800 3 350 2 785 1 594 1 050 1 034 1 008 527 482 444 382 361 333 333 333 304 303 293 285 238 207 95 90 62 33 33 11 10 19 780
Ra nki ng 19 17 14 8 5 5 5 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -

Comments : SALES = SALES TO CONSUMERS INCLUDING VAT

19
 July 2014

2013 EUROPEAN BICYCLE SALES (EU 28)

COUNTRY RANKING (1,000 units)

4 000 3 800

3 500 3 350

3 000 2 785

2 500

2 000
1 594
1 500
1 050
1 034
1 008
1 000

527 482
444 382
500 361 333 333 333 304 303 293
285 238
207
95 90 62 33 33 11 10
0
The Netherlands

Czech Republic
Great Britain

Luxembourg
Lithuania
Denmark
Germany

Romania

Portugal

Slovenia
Slovakia

Bulgaria
Belgium

Hungary
Sweden

Finland
Greece
Austria

Croatia

Estonia
Poland

Ireland
France

Cyprus

Malta

EU 28
Latvia
Spain
Italy

Country

Bi cycl e Sa l es (x 1,000) 3 800 3 350 2 785 1 594 1 050 1 034 1 008 527 482 444 382 361 333 333 333 304 303 293 285 238 207 95 90 62 33 33 11 10 19 780
Ra nki ng 19 17 14 8 5 5 5 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -

Comments : SALES = SALES TO CONSUMERS INCLUDING VAT

20
 July 2014

2013 EUROPEAN BICYCLE SALES (EU 28)

AVERAGE PRICE/COUNTRY ()

791
800

700

600
520
500 450 450 450
415 400
380
400
320 317
303 290
300 260
230
195
200 160 152
125 120 120 110 110 110
100 100 100 100
100 76

0
The Netherlands

Czech Republic
Great Britain
Luxembourg
Denmark
Germany

Romania

Lithuania
Slovakia

Slovenia
Hungary

Portugal

Bulgaria
Belgium

Sweden

Finland

Estonia
Ireland

Greece
Austria

Croatia
Poland

France

Cyprus
Malta

Latvia

EU 28
Spain
Italy

Country

Average pri ce () 791 520 450 450 450 415 400 380 320 317 303 290 260 230 195 160 152 125 120 120 110 110 110 100 100 100 100 76 -
Ranki ng 1 2 3 3 3 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 19 21 21 21 24 24 24 24 28 -

Comments : AVERAGE PRICES INCLUDE VAT

21
 July 2014

EUROPEAN EPAC SALES (EU 28)

(1,000 units) 2009 2013

1 000 907
854
900

800 716

700
588
600

422
500

400
279

300 173

200
98

100

0
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

EPAC Sales (x 1,000) 98 173 279 422 588 716 854 907
Evolution (%) 76,53 61,27 51,25 39,34 21,77 19,27 6,21

Comments : EPAC = Electric Power-Assisted Cycle

22
 July 2014

2013 EUROPEAN EPAC SALES (EU 28)

(1,000 units)

Czech Republic Poland

Portugal Spain
Great Britain Denmark 1% 1%
1% 1%
3% 2%
Austria
4%
Italy
6%
France
6% Germany
45%

Belgium
9%

The Netherlands
21%
The Netherlands

Czech Republic
Great Britain

Luxembourg

Lithuania
Denmark
Germany

Romania
Portugal

Slovakia

Bulgaria

Slovenia
Belgium

Hungary

Sweden
Finland

Greece
Austria

Croatia

Estonia
Poland

Ireland
France

Cyprus

Malta

EU 28
Latvia
Spain
Italy

Country

EPAC Sa l es (x 1,000) 410 192 80 56 51 38 25 13 11 10 5 4 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 912

Country s ha re (%) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 8 17 17 17 17 -

Comments : EPAC = Electric Power-Assisted Cycle

23
 July 2014

2013 EUROPEAN EPAC SALES (EU 28)

COUNTRY RANKING (1,000 units)

450
410

400

350

300

250

192
200

150

100 80
56 51
38
50 25
13 11 10 5 4 2 1 1
0
The Netherlands

Czech Republic
Great Britain

Luxembourg

Lithuania
Denmark
Germany

Romania
Portugal

Slovakia

Bulgaria

Slovenia
Belgium

Hungary

Sweden
Finland

Greece
Austria

Croatia

Estonia
Poland

Ireland
France

Cyprus

Malta

EU 28
Latvia
Spain
Italy

Country

EPAC Sa l es (x 1,000) 410 192 80 56 51 38 25 13 11 10 5 4 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 912

Country s ha re (%) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 8 17 17 17 17 -

Comments : EPAC = Electric Power-Assisted Cycle

24
 July 2014

2013 EUROPEAN BICYCLE INDUSTRY EMPLOYMENT

25
 July 2014

2013 EMPLOYMENT IN THE EUROPEAN BICYCLE AND

BICYCLE PARTS & ACCESSORIES INDUSTRIES (EU28)

6000
6000

5000

3900
4000
3347
3200

3000

1820
2000
1420 1322
1230 1190
960
1000
441
310 300 295 248 200 130 98 80 78
0
The Netherlands

Czech Republic

Great Britain

Luxembourg
Denmark
Germany

Romania

Lithuania
Slovakia

Slovenia
Hungary

Portugal
Bulgaria

Belgium

Sweden
Finland

Estonia

Ireland
Greece
Austria

Croatia
Poland

France

Cyprus

Malta
Latvia

EU 28
Spain
Italy

Country

Bi cycl e Empl oyment 1200 2600 2285 1900 920 850 1270 410 690 460 256 300 300 215 248 130 130 55 10 78 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14307
Pa rts & Acces s ori es Empl oyment 4800 1300 1062 1300 900 570 52 820 500 500 185 10 0 80 0 70 0 43 70 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12262
Tota l 6000 3900 3347 3200 1820 1420 1322 1230 1190 960 441 310 300 295 248 200 130 98 80 78 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26569
Ra nki ng 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 -

26
 July 2014

2013 EUROPEAN BICYCLE INDUSTRY EMPLOYMENT (EU 28)

3 000

2 600

2 500
2 285

2 000 1 900

1 500
1 270
1 200

920
1 000 850
690
460 410
500 300 300 256 248 215
130 130 78 55 10
0
The Netherlands

Czech Republic

Great Britain

Luxembourg
Denmark
Germany

Romania

Lithuania

Slovakia

Slovenia
Hungary

Portugal
Bulgaria

Belgium

Sweden

Finland

Estonia

Ireland
Greece
Austria

Croatia
Poland

France

Cyprus

Malta
Latvia

EU 28
Spain
Italy

Country

Bicycle Indus try Employment 2 600 2 285 1 900 1 270 1 200 920 850 690 460 410 300 300 256 248 215 130 130 78 55 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 307
Ranking 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 11 13 14 15 16 16 18 19 20 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 -

27
 July 2014

2013 EUROPEAN BICYCLE PARTS AND ACCESSORIES

INDUSTRY EMPLOYMENT (EU 28)

5 000 4 800

4 500

4 000

3 500

3 000

2 500

2 000

1 500 1 300 1 300

1 062
900 820
1 000
570 500 500
500 185
80 70 70 52 43 10
0
The Netherlands

Czech Republic

Great Britain

Luxembourg
Denmark
Germany

Romania

Lithuania
Slovakia

Slovenia
Hungary

Portugal

Bulgaria
Belgium

Sweden
Finland

Estonia

Ireland
Greece
Austria

Croatia
Poland

France

Cyprus

Malta
Latvia

EU 28
Spain
Italy

Country

Pa rts & Acces s ori es Empl oyment 4 800 1 300 1 300 1 062 900 820 570 500 500 185 80 70 70 52 43 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 262
Ra nki ng 1 2 2 4 5 6 7 8 8 10 11 12 12 14 15 16 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 -

28
 July 2014

FRANCE/GERMANY/GREAT BRITAIN/
ITALY/THE NETHERLANDS/BULGARIA
Industry & Market Profile 2000-2013

29
 July 2014

FRANCE

30
 July 2014

2013 FRENCH CYCLE MARKET:

According to the French Bicycle Observatory, the turnover of bike and accessory sales increased by
3.1% in 2013 compared to 2012. Turnover reached 1.5 billion euros. Concerning the bike sales market:

2.78 million bicycles were sold in 2013, representing a value of 845 million euros. Compared to
2012, sales decreased by -1% in terms of sale volume while only -0.4% in terms of financial value.
Average bicycle price amounts to 303 euros.

Trend varies depending on bicycle category (sale volumes):

- Bicycles designed for leisure represented the main market share. Mountain bikes (adult and junior) hold
49.6% of market share and trekking bikes 12%. However, for entry and middle ranges of mountain bikes,
the sales decreased by -2% and by -12% for trekking bikes.
- Bicycles designed for sport cycling, as racing bicycles or up-market mountain bikes, maintained their
market share. Yet, sales knew different way with respectively a drop of -4% and an increase of 3.5%.
- Bicycles dedicated to mobility (city bikes, EPAC, folding bikes) raised their market share up to 11%.
The associated turnover increased by 10%. The EPAC sales have grown remarkably by 17.5% to reach
56,000 units.

In terms of volume, bicycle sales are as follows:

- ATB (adult and junior): 1,346,400 units
- Junior bikes (except ATB): 470,000 units
- Trekking bikes: 331,000 units
- City bikes: 214,000 units
- Racing bikes: 157,000 units
- BMX: 104,000 units
- EPAC: 56.600 units
- Folding bikes: 29.300 units

Components and accessories market:

Sales reached 657.3 million euros with an 8% increase compared to 2012.

The bicycle park is estimated at 25,000,000 units. Around 40% of the French population owns a bicycle.

The French Cycle Manufacturers and Traders Council is the meeting point of all professional cycle actors in
France: bicycle manufacturers, cycle components and accessories producers, distributors of bicycles, brand
equipments and accessories and all actors in favor of the promotion of the bicycle.

31
 July 2014

FRANCE - BICYCLE PRODUCTION

(1,000 units) 2000 2013

2 000 1 910

1 800 1 728 1 720

1 600 1 525 1 492

1 424
1 400 1 286
1 248

1 200 1 130

1 000 916 900

879 850

800
630
600

400

200

0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Bi cycl e Producti on (x 1,000) 1 910 1 525 1 424 1 492 1 728 1 720 1 286 1 248 1 130 879 916 900 850 630
Evol uti on year/year-1 (%) -20,16 -6,62 4,78 15,82 -0,46 -25,23 -2,95 -9,46 -22,21 4,21 -1,75 -5,56 -25,88

32
 July 2014

FRANCE BICYCLE SALES

(1,000 units) 2000 2013

4 000 3 764
3 528 3 518 3 465 3 466
3 500 3 338 3 336
3 132 3 197
2 986 3 031
2 952 2 917
3 000 2 785

2 500

2 000

1 500

1 000

500

0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Bi cycl e Sa l es (x 1,000) 3 338 2 952 2 986 3 528 3 518 3 764 3 465 3 466 3 336 3 132 3 031 3 197 2 917 2 785
Evol uti on yea r/yea r-1 (%) -11,56 1,15 18,15 -0,28 6,99 -7,94 0,03 -3,75 -6,12 -3,22 5,48 -8,76 -4,53

Comments : SALES = SALES TO CONSUMERS INCLUDING VAT

33
 July 2014

FRANCE BICYCLE SALES

(M) 2000 - 2013

900 857 869

851 842 850 846 845
819 809
794 794
800
732
708
700 654

600

500

400

300

200

100

0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Bi cycl e Sa l es (M) 654 708 732 857 851 869 794 842 850 819 794 846 809 845
Evol uti on yea r/yea r-1 (%) 8,26 3,39 17,08 -0,70 2,12 -8,63 6,05 0,95 -3,65 -3,05 6,55 -4,37 4,45

Comments : SALES = SALES TO CONSUMERS INCLUDING VAT

34
 July 2014

FRANCE - PARTS & ACCESSORIES PRODUCTION

(M) 2000 2013

180
180
165
157 160
160 150 150 150 150
139 140 140
140 130
120 118
120

100

80

60

40

20

0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
P & A Producti on (M) 139 120 118 130 140 150 150 157 150 140 150 165 180 160
Evol uti on year/year-1 (%) -13,67 -1,67 10,17 7,69 7,14 0,00 4,67 -4,46 -6,67 7,14 10,00 9,09 -11,11

Comments : VALUES EXCLUDING VAT

35
 July 2014

FRANCE - BICYCLE EMPLOYMENT

2000 - 2013

3 500
3 249

3 000 2 794
2 630
2 400
2 500 2 300 2 300 2 250
2 130 2 090 2 050 2 000 2 050
1 900
2 000 1 820

1 500

1 000

500

0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Bicycle Employment Part & Accessory Employment

2 000 1 910 1 400 1 339
1 239
1 800 1 180
1 555 1 200
1 600 1 450 1 450 1 400 1 400
1 350 1 000 950 930 940
1 400 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900
1 200 1 150 1 150
1 200 1 100 1 150
1 000 800
1 000 920
600
800

600 400
400
200
200

0 0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Bi cycl e Empl oyment 1 910 1 555 1 450 1 450 1 400 1 400 1 350 1 200 1 150 1 150 1 100 1 150 1 000 920
P & A Empl oyment 1 339 1 239 1 180 950 900 900 900 930 940 900 900 900 900 900
Tota l 3 249 2 794 2 630 2 400 2 300 2 300 2 250 2 130 2 090 2 050 2 000 2 050 1 900 1 820

36
 July 2014

GERMANY

37
 July 2014

GERMANY - BICYCLE PRODUCTION

(1,000 units) 2000 - 2013

3 400
3 500
3 203
3 000 3 045
2 940
3 000
2 714
2 490
2 400 2 418
2 500 2 288
2 248 2 229 2 211 2 162

2 000

1 500

1 000

500

0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Bi cycl e Producti on (x 1,000) 3 400 3 000 3 045 3 203 2 940 2 714 2 490 2 400 2 418 2 248 2 229 2 288 2 211 2 162
Evol uti on year/year-1 (%) -11,76 1,50 5,19 -8,21 -7,69 -8,25 -3,61 0,75 -7,03 -0,85 1,78 -0,81 -5,51

38
 July 2014

GERMANY - BICYCLE SALES

(1,000 units) 2000 - 2013

6 000

5 120
4 900
5 000 4 700 4 700 4 750
4 600 4 600
4 425 4 350
4 050 4 010 4 050 3 966
4 000 3 800

3 000

2 000

1 000

0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Bicycle Sales (x 1,000) 5 120 4 700 4 600 4 900 4 700 4 750 4 425 4 600 4 350 4 050 4 010 4 050 3 966 3 800
Evolution year/year-1 (%) -8,20 -2,13 6,52 -4,08 1,06 -6,84 3,95 -5,43 -6,90 -0,99 1,00 -2,07 -4,19

Comments : SALES = SALES TO CONSUMERS INCLUDING VAT

39
 July 2014

GERMANY - BICYCLE SALES

(M) 2000 - 2013

2 500

2 004 2 035
1 980
2 000 1 842
1 772 1 806
1 697 1 686 1 688 1 679
1 624 1 603 1 620
1 542
1 500

1 000

500

0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Bicycle Sales (M) 1 772 1 697 1 624 1 686 1 603 1 620 1 542 1 688 1 679 1 806 1 842 2 004 2 035 1 980
Evolution year/year-1 (%) -4,23 -4,30 3,82 -4,92 1,06 -4,81 9,47 -0,53 7,56 1,99 8,79 1,55 -2,70

Comments : SALES = SALES TO CONSUMERS INCLUDING VAT

40
 July 2014

GERMANY - PARTS & ACCESSORIES PRODUCTION

(M) 2000 - 2013

300

260 265

250

210
199
191
200 186
180 183
179
171
165 163 161
152
150

100

50

0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
P & A Producti on (M) 199 179 171 165 163 152 161 186 191 180 183 210 260 265
Evol uti on year/year-1 (%) -10,05 -4,47 -3,51 -1,21 -6,75 5,92 15,53 2,69 -5,76 1,67 14,75 23,81 1,92

Comments : VALUES EXCLUDING VAT

41
 July 2014

GERMANY - BICYCLE EMPLOYMENT

2000 - 2013

6 000

5 050
5 000 4 700
4 450 4 450
4 250 4 150 4 100
3 900 3 900
4 000 3 700 3 650
3 550 3 550

3 000

2 000

1 000

0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2013

Bicycle Employment Part & Accessory Employment

4 500 1 400 1 300

4 100
3 750 1 200
4 000
3 500 3 500 1 200 1 100 1 100 1 100 1 100 1 100
3 500 3 300 3 200
3 000 1 000
950 950 950 950 950 950
3 000 2 800
2 600 2 600
2 450 2 450 2 450
2 500 800

2 000 600

1 500
400
1 000
200
500

0 0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2013 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2013

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2013
Bi cycl e Empl oyment 4 100 3 750 3 500 3 500 3 300 3 200 3 000 2 800 2 600 2 450 2 450 2 450 2 600
P & A Empl oyment 950 950 950 950 950 950 1 100 1 100 1 100 1 100 1 100 1 200 1 300
Total 5 050 4 700 4 450 4 450 4 250 4 150 4 100 3 900 3 700 3 550 3 550 3 650 3 900

42
 July 2014

GREAT BRITAIN

43
 July 2014

UK BICYCLE PRODUCTION AND SALES - 2013

The UK cycle industry does not collect any data on production or sales of bicycles; it relies on the official
import statistics generated by Her Majestys Revenue and Customs (HMRC). This data gives the total
units and their value at their arrival port in the UK. These figures therefore do not indicate actual retail
sales in the calendar year. (In the long term, imports will equate to consumer sales, assuming trade
stocks are broadly constant).

These HMRC import statistics are not broken down by types of bicycle. Informal estimates suggest that
about 30% of all sales are childrens bikes. Electric Bikes are separately recorded, but this sector is very
small (c. 25,000 units p.a.).

There are 2 manufacturers of bicycles in the UK Brompton and Pashley with total sales of c.50,000
units.

The market has remained fairly static over the past five years despite growing interest in sports cycling
(Olympics), and increases in commuter cycling, especially in London.

The sales of cycles at 3.3 million units in 2013, is 4.4% lower than in 2012.

Specialist retailers account for about 40% sales by value. It is estimated that there are about 1500 cycle
shops in the UK; by far the largest retailer is Halfords, with over 400 outlets, and probably one-third of the
retail sales.

There are no figures for on-line sales of bikes or parts and accessories; Wiggle with a UK turnover of
c.120 million is the largest on-line retailer.

44
 July 2014

GREAT BRITAIN - BICYCLE PRODUCTION

(1,000 units) 2000 - 2013

1 200
1 200

1 000
1 000

800

600

400 350
325
250

200 135
94
40 40 50
27 28 20 23
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Bicycle Production (x 1,000) 1 200 1 000 350 325 250 135 94 27 28 20 23 40 40 50
Evolution year/year-1 (%) -16,67 -65,00 -7,14 -23,08 -46,00 -30,37 -71,28 3,70 -28,57 15,00 73,91 0,00 25,00

45
 July 2014

GREAT BRITAIN - BICYCLE SALES

(1,000 units) 2000 - 2013

3 905 3 920
4 000 3 727
3 800 3 771
3 640 3 580 3 600
3 400 3 350
3 500 3 311

3 000

2 400
2 500 2 300 2 300

2 000

1 500

1 000

500

0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Bicycle Sales (x 1,000) 2 300 2 400 2 300 3 727 3 905 3 800 3 920 3 771 3 311 3 400 3 640 3 580 3 600 3 350
Evolution year/year-1 (%) 4,35 -4,17 62,04 4,78 -2,69 3,16 -3,80 -12,20 2,69 7,06 -1,65 0,56 -6,94

Comments : SALES = SALES TO CONSUMERS INCLUDING VAT

46
 July 2014

GREAT BRITAIN - BICYCLE SALES

(M) 2000 - 2013

1 170 1 151
1 200
1 098

1 000

834 839 820

800
800 725
708 695

600
600

430
380
400 320

200

0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Bicycle Sales (M) 430 380 320 600 708 695 800 725 834 839 1 170 1 151 1 098 820
Evolution year/year-1 (%) -11,63 -15,79 87,50 18,00 -1,84 15,11 -9,38 15,03 0,60 39,45 -1,62 -4,60 -25,32

Comments : SALES = SALES TO CONSUMERS INCLUDING VAT

47
 July 2014

GREAT BRITAIN - PARTS & ACCESSORIES PRODUCTION

(M) 2000 2013

35
31 31 31
30
30

25

20
17 17
15 15 15 15 15
15
12 12
11

10

0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
P & A Production (M) 15 15 15 11 12 12 15 15 17 17 30 31 31 31
Evolution year/year-1 (%) 0,00 0,00 -26,67 9,09 0,00 25,00 0,00 13,33 0,00 76,47 3,33 0,00 0,00

Comments : VALUES EXCLUDING VAT

48
 July 2014

GREAT BRITAIN - BICYCLE EMPLOYMENT

2000 - 2013

2 000
1 820
1 800

1 600

1 400
1 210
1 200

1 000

800

600
400 400
400 305 320
200
200 105 110 115 105 100 100 120

0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Bicycle Employment Part & Accessory Employment

120
1 800 1 700 120
110

1 600 100 100

100
1 400

1 200 1 100 80 75 75
70 70 70 70 70 70
65 65
1 000
60
800

600 40

400 300 300

240 250
20
200 130
40 40 40 30 30 30 50

0 0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Bicycle Employment 1 700 1 100 300 300 240 40 40 40 30 30 30 250 50 130
P & A Employment 120 110 100 100 65 65 70 75 75 70 70 70 70 70
Total 1 820 1 210 400 400 305 105 110 115 105 100 100 320 120 200

49
 July 2014

ITALY

50
 July 2014

ITALY - BICYCLE PRODUCTION

(1,000 units) 2000 - 2013

3 500
3 250

3 000
2 650 2 671
2 550 2 600 2 585
2 520 2 489
2 400 2 418 2 380
2 500 2 350 2 310
2 195

2 000

1 500

1 000

500

0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Bicycle Production (x 1,000) 3 250 2 650 2 350 2 550 2 600 2 400 2 418 2 520 2 380 2 585 2 489 2 310 2 195 2 671
Evolution year/year-1 (%) -18,46 -11,32 8,51 1,96 -7,69 0,75 4,22 -5,56 8,61 -3,71 -7,19 -4,98 21,69

51
 July 2014

ITALY - BICYCLE SALES

(1,000 units) 2000 - 2013

1 998
1 943 1 927
2 000 1 877
1 780 1 771 1 750 1 750
1 800 1 722
1 684 1 666
1 606 1 594
1 600
1 384 1 418
1 400

1 200

1 000

800

600

400

200

0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2011 2012 2013

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2011 2012 2013
Bicycle Sales (x 1,000) 1 722 1 684 1 384 1 418 1 666 1 877 1 943 1 998 1 780 1 927 1 771 1 750 1 750 1 606 1 594
Evolution year/year-1 (%) -2,21 -17,81 2,46 17,49 12,67 3,52 2,83 -10,91 8,26 -8,10 -1,19 0,00 -8,23 -0,75

Comments : SALES = SALES TO CONSUMERS INCLUDING VAT

52
 July 2014

ITALY - BICYCLE SALES

(M) 2000 - 2013

600
539
520 516 506
500 478
460 455
442 433

400 375
360
331
302 306
300

200

100

0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Bicycle Sales (M) 520 442 302 306 331 360 375 478 516 539 460 455 433 506
Evolution year/year-1 (%) -15,00 -31,67 1,32 8,17 8,76 4,17 27,47 7,95 4,46 -14,66 -1,09 -4,84 16,86

Comments : SALES = SALES TO CONSUMERS INCLUDING VAT

53
 July 2014

ITALY - PARTS & ACCESSORIES PRODUCTION

(M) 2000 - 2013

700

610
594
600 575
560 561 560 555 550 559

496 489
500 466
442
420

400

300

200

100

0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
P & A Production (M) 560 594 575 561 560 555 550 610 559 466 442 420 496 489
Evolution year/year-1 (%) 6,07 -3,20 -2,43 -0,18 -0,89 -0,90 10,91 -8,36 -16,64 -5,15 -4,98 18,10 -1,41

Comments : VALUES EXCLUDING VAT

54
 July 2014

ITALY - BICYCLE EMPLOYMENT

2000 - 2013

Bicycle Employment Part & Accessory Employment

3 000 4 000
3 600
2 600 3 400
2 450 3 500 3 200 3 200
2 500
2 950
2 120 2 080 3 000
2 040
1 920 1 950 1 900 1 900
2 000 1 880 1 840 1 820 2 400
1 700 2 500 2 200
1 574
2 000
1 900
1 500 2 000 1 800 1 750
1 600

1 500 1 200
1 300
1 000
1 000
500
500

0 0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Bi cycl e Empl oyment 2 600 2 120 1 880 2 040 2 080 1 920 1 950 1 900 1 840 1 820 1 700 1 574 2 450 1 900
P & A Empl oyment 3 600 3 400 3 200 3 200 2 950 2 400 2 200 2 000 1 900 1 800 1 750 1 600 1 200 1 300
Total 6 200 5 520 5 080 5 240 5 030 4 320 4 150 3 900 3 740 3 620 3 450 3 174 3 650 3 200

55
 July 2014

The NETHERLANDS

56
 July 2014

BICYCLE MARKET IN THE NETHERLANDS - 2013

1 in 5 new bicycles is an E-bike

In 2013, a total of 1,008,000 new bicycles were sold in our country. That is slight drop of 2.5%
compared to the previous year. In the past year, 19% of all new bicycles sold were E-bikes. In
2013, total bicycle sales showed a slight increase of 3.7% for a total of 797 million euros.

With sales of over 1 million new bikes, the general publics interest in new bicycles continues to be
high. The popularity of high-quality E-bikes indicates that, more and more, this type of bicycle is
becoming a serious alternative means of commuter traffic. Of all bicycles sold, the market share of
E-bikes has tripled in the past six years. In addition, the (electric) bicycle is ideally suited for clearly
discernible trends such as fitness, health, environmental awareness, and an active lifestyle. At the
Cycling and Hiking Show from March 1 4 in the RAI in Amsterdam, a lot of attention will be paid to
these trends, as well as the technological developments and innovations in cycling.

The average purchase price of a new bicycle at industry retailers rose 2.6% to 989 euros, and total
bicycle sales in the Netherlands (from industry retailers and channels outside the sector) increased
3.7% to more than 797 million euros. In 2013, more new bicycles were sold through industry
retailers than in 2012: 68 versus 66%. This indicates that consumers value expertise and reliability
when purchasing a bike.

The electric bicycle was the motor of the market. In 2013, the number of new E-bikes rose to
192,000 an increase of 9.4%. As a result, this type of bicycle was responsible for 19% of the
sales volume. In terms of sales, the share of E-bikes was 45.2%; an increase of 3.1 percentage
points compared to 2012. Sales in the other categories were down slightly.

57
 July 2014

THE NETHERLANDS - BICYCLE PRODUCTION

(1,000 units) 2000 - 2013

1 200
1 200 1 159
1 129
1 082
1 046 1 045
967 972 971
1 000
882 894 882 900
850

800

600

400

200

0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Bicycle Production (x 1,000) 1 159 1 046 1 082 1 045 882 894 967 972 1 129 1 200 971 882 900 850
Evolution year/year-1 (%) -9,75 3,44 -3,42 -15,60 1,36 8,17 0,52 16,15 6,29 -19,08 -9,17 2,04 -5,56

58
 July 2014

THE NETHERLANDS - BICYCLE SALES

(1,000 units) 2000 - 2013

1 600 1 517

1 400 1 388
1 365
1 400 1 324 1 324 1 323
1 281
1 250 1 239 1 213
1 171
1 200
1 035 1 008
1 000

800

600

400

200

0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Bicycle Sales (x 1,000) 1 517 1 365 1 324 1 324 1 250 1 239 1 323 1 400 1 388 1 281 1 213 1 171 1 035 1 008
Evolution year/year-1 (%) -10,02 -3,00 0,00 -5,59 -0,88 6,78 5,82 -0,86 -7,71 -5,31 -3,46 -11,61 -2,61

Comments : SALES = SALES TO CONSUMERS INCLUDING VAT

59
 July 2014

THE NETHERLANDS - BICYCLE SALES

(M) 2000 2013

1 000 930
906 904
873
900 844
797
770
800 730 737 737 730
750
723 717
700

600

500

400

300

200

100

0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Bicycle Sales (M) 730 723 737 737 730 717 770 844 906 930 904 873 750 797
Evolution year/year-1 (%) -0,96 1,94 0,00 -0,95 -1,78 7,39 9,61 7,35 2,65 -2,80 -3,43 -14,09 6,30

Comments : SALES = SALES TO CONSUMERS INCLUDING VAT

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 July 2014

THE NETHERLANDS - PARTS & ACCESSORIES PRODUCTION

(M) 2000 2013

90 90 90 90
90
88
88

86 85 85 85 85 85 85

84

82
80 80 80
80

78

76

74
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
P & A Production (M) 85 85 85 85 80 80 80 85 90 90 90 85 90 88
Evolution year/year-1 (%) 0,00 0,00 0,00 -5,88 0,00 0,00 6,25 5,88 0,00 0,00 -5,56 5,88 -2,22

Comments : VALUES EXCLUDING VAT

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 July 2014

THE NETHERLANDS - BICYCLE EMPLOYMENT

2000 - 2013

3 500 3 347

3 000
2 550 2 550 2 550 2 600 2 564
2 500 2 264 2 264
2 220 2 232 2 232 2 200
2 100
2 000
2 000

1 500

1 000

500

0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Bicycle Employment Part & Accessory Employment

2 500 1 200
2 285
1 062

1 950 1 950 1 950 1 000

2 000 1 850 900
1 764 1 764
1 650 1 630 1 630 800
1 612 1 600
800 750
1 500
1 500 1 400
614 608 602 602 600 600 600 600 600 600
600

1 000
400

500
200

0 0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Bi cycl e Empl oyment 1 650 1 612 1 630 1 630 1 600 1 500 1 400 1 950 1 950 1 950 1 850 1 764 1 764 2 285
P & A Empl oyment 614 608 602 602 600 600 600 600 600 600 750 800 900 1 062
Total 2 264 2 220 2 232 2 232 2 200 2 100 2 000 2 550 2 550 2 550 2 600 2 564 2 264 3 347

62
 July 2014

BULGARIA

63
 July 2014

BICYCLE MARKET IN BULGARIA - 2013

ABPB annual report is prepared based on three sources of data first of all data from ABPB
members, secondly data from Bulgarian national statistics for tariff code 871200 and thirdly world UN
data, including Chinese mirror statistics data.

Association of the Bulgarian Producers of Bicycles (ABPB) faced decline in production, export and
sales for 2013 in comparison to 2012. Exact figures are given in the enclosed table. ABPB members
produced almost 729 thousands (87 % of units produced in 2012) of total value almost 86,5 million EUR
(92 % in comparison with 2012). Exported numbers are almost 691 thousands units (91 % in comparison
with 2012) of value more than EUR 84 million (98 % in comparison with 2012) and sales in Bulgaria are
almost 65 thousands units (105 % in comparison to 2012) of total value close to EUR 6,5 million
(significant with 24 % in comparison to 2012).
The employment of the ABPB in bicycle production was 1270 persons in 2013 (92 % of the one
for 2012).
The employment of bicycle parts production was 52 (87 % of the one for 2012) while produced
parts value was more than EUR 6,6 million (84 % of the one for 2012).
ABPB estimate for the Bulgarian internal market is about 96 000 (almost the same 97 % as the
one for 2012 in terms of units) of total value about EUR 7,3 million (significant with 21 % in comparison to
2012).

We also used Bulgarian National Statistical data for 2013 and World data for 2013 for the bicycles
from the tariff code 871200. These date showed slightly different picture in terms of export and
controversial picture in terms of Chinese mirror data for sales of their bicycles in Bulgaria. E.g. Bulgarian
national statistics export data for 2013 are about 900,469 units and EUR more than 87 millions. ABPB
share in Bulgarian export is 76,7 % in terms of numbers of bicycles and 96,7 % in terms of value in EUR.
A possible explanation of the difference is combination of several factors. First of all export of 2 or 3
Bulgarian legal entities, which are outside the ABPB, active in this area and also re-export of imported in
Bulgaria bicycles. ABPB approached and has a dialogue with 2 of these Bulgarian legal entities in order
they to joint us, providing their wish and cooperation with us on this matter.

The UN COMTRADE data, which includes Chinese custom data clearly show that import in
Bulgaria and in EU-28 in terms of units and value have not been influenced by EU adopted TDI
measures as far as 2013 year is concerned.
Chinese data showed sales of almost 47 thousands units of bicycles to Bulgaria of almost EUR
2,8 million, while Bulgarian statistics ones show import of only 21 thousands bicycles (more than 2 times
smaller) with Chinese origin of value almost EUR 190 thousands (15 times smaller).
Chinese mirror data about export to EU-28 for 2013 are more than EUR 51,4 million or 26 % more
than 2012 and about 1,2 millions of units 15 % increase in comparison of 2012, when the number of
pieces was 1,01 million.

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 July 2014

BULGARIA - BICYCLE PRODUCTION

(1,000 units) 2007 - 2013

900 837

800 749

700 642

562
600 516 532

458
500

400

300

200

100

0
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Bicycle Production (x 1,000) 516 562 458 532 642 837 749
Evolution year/year-1 (%) - 8,91 -11,24 16,16 20,68 30,37 -10,51

65
 July 2014

BULGARIA - BICYCLE SALES

(1,000 units) 2007 - 2013

120
103
95
100
86

80 70 71

62
60

60

40

20

0
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Bicycle Sales (x 1,000) 70 71 60 86 103 62 95
Evolution year/year-1 (%) - 1,43 -15,49 43,33 19,77 -39,81 53,23

Comments : SALES = SALES TO CONSUMERS

66
 July 2014

BULGARIA - BICYCLE SALES

(M) 2007 2013

7
6 6

6
5 5 5

5
4

0
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Bicycle Sales (M) 5 5 4 6 6 5 7
Evolution year/year-1 (%) - 0,00 -20,00 50,00 0,00 -16,67 40,00

Comments : SALES = SALES TO CONSUMERS INCLUDING VAT

67
 July 2014

BULGARIA - BICYCLE EMPLOYMENT

2010 - 2013

Bicycle Employment

1 507
1 600
1 320
1 400

1 200 1 010

1 000 800

800

600

400

200

0
2010 2011 2012 2013

Year 2010 2011 2012 2013

Bicycle Employment 800 1 010 1 507 1 320

68