A key of conventions for the transliteration of the Arabic language, pronounced in

the way of Modern Standard Arabic:

Jaffer Abbas
Arabic Consonants; initial, medial, final, & unexpressed:
Bb Tt

Dd Rr

Zz Ss

Ff

Kk Ll Mm Nn

Ww Hh Yy

Short vowels, long vowels, and diphthongs:

Short vowels: Aa Ii Uu

Long vowels:

Diphthongs: Ay Aw

Note:
This system of transliteration is based off of the German DIN 31635 system of
transliterating Arabic script. There are slight modifications in some areas which
appear in the form of modification in convention and additional convention. The
modification appears for the letter , which I have chosen to transliterate as a
K with the dot diacritic below (), rather than the conventional Q used in
DIN 31635. I have chosen to make this change for sole reason that , which is
pronounced as a voiceless uvular stop in Modern Standard Arabic, is not
pronounced as Q, which is pronounced as a labialized velar stop in English. I
have also chosen to add two conventions to my list, namely, the and the .
While the is usually transliterated as an H, like the , I have thought to
transliterate it as an . This is due to the fact that a and a are two different
letters, and thus should be represented differently. I thought it fitting to use
because it resembles the , a with two diacritics (nuta) over it. I have
borrowed this convention from Dr. Idris Samawi Hamid, who uses it in his own
transliterations of Arabic. As for the , I have chosen to have it represented as
an because I wanted to make it distinct from the short vowel, fata.