PHYSICS DEPARTMENT - MITMANIPAL BTech 2016-17 Second sem PHY 1001

ASSIGNMENT 4 11 March 2017

Solve the following problems:

x
a
1. The wave function for a particle is
( x a 2 )
2

for a > 0 and < x < . Determine the probability that the particle is located
SJ
P41-2 somewhere between x = a and x = +a.

2. An electron is confined to one dimensional box of length 0.10 nm. Find the energy of
the electron in the lowest four energy states. Find the wavelengths of all the photons
SJ
that can be emitted when the electron is making the downward transitions that could
P41-5 eventually carry it from n = 4 to n = 1 state.

3. A particle in a one dimensional box has a wave function

2 2x
(inside the box) given by 2 (x) = L sin ( L
)
(a) Which are the most probable positions of the particle [At which value of x the
SJ probability density is maximum]? (b) Calculate the probability of finding the
P41-16 electron between x = 0 and x = L /4. (c) Determine the probability of finding
the particle in the range 0.490 L x 0.510 L. (d) Determine the probability of
P41-18 finding the particle in the range 0.240 L x 0.260 L. (e) Determine the
P41-19 expectation value of x.

4. An alpha (m = 4 x 1.66 x 1027 kg) particle in a nucleus can be modelled as a

SJ particle moving in a box of length 1.00 x 1014 m. Estimate the energy and
P41-6 momentum of this alpha particle in in its lowest energy state.

5. An electron (mass = m) is confined to move in the xy-plane in a rectangle whose

dimensions are LX and LY [a two-dimensional box]. In this situation, the allowed
SJ energies (E) of the electron, which depend on two quantum
P41-46 h2 n2 n2Y
numbers nX and nY, are given by E= 8m
( L2X + L2Y
)
X
(a) Assuming LX = LY = L , find the energies of the lowest four energy levels for the
electron. (b) Sketch an energy-level diagram for the electron, and determine the
energy difference between the second excited state and the ground state.

6. An electron has a kinetic energy of 12.0 eV. The electron is incident upon a
SJ rectangular barrier of height 20.0 eV and thickness 1.0 nm. By what factor would
P41-30 the electrons probability of tunneling through the barrier increase assuming that the
electron absorbs all the energy of a photon with wavelength 546 nm?

1 ar
7. The wave function for H-atom in ground state is 1s = e o .
a3o
Obtain an expression for the radial probability density of H-atom in ground
SJ
state. Find the values of the wave function 1s (r) and the radial probability density
P42-18
function P1s (r) for hydrogen, for the following values of r : 0, 0.5 ao, 1.0 ao, 1.5
ao, 2.0 ao, 2.5 ao, (where ao is the Bohr radius). Plot the wave function 1s (r)
and the radial probability density function P1s (r) for hydrogen.

8. The wave function for an electron in the 2p-state of H-atom is 2p (r) =

r r2ao
52 e . What is the most probable distance from the nucleus to find an
SJ
P42-20 24 ao
electron in the 2p-state ?
 Answers: (1) (2) (a) 37.7 eV , 151 eV , 399 eV , 603 eV ; (b) 2.20 nm ,
2.75 nm , 4.12 nm , 4.71 nm , 6.60 nm , 11.0 nm (3) (a) L /4, 3L /4 (b) 0.250
(c) 5.26 x 105 (d) 3.99 x 102 (e) L /2
2 5 2 2 52 3 2
(4) 0.517 MeV, 3.31 x 1020 kg m/s (5) 42
, 82
, 2
, 42
, 42
(6) 86

4r2 2r
(7) P1S (r) = a3o
exp( ao
)

(8) r = 4ao

State whether the following statements are TRUE or FALSE; Justify your answer.

1. In an infinite potential well, the particle can be at rest with its energy E=0.
2. In a finite potential well, particle momenta and energy values in a particular state (for
an n value) are higher compared to the corresponding values if the same particle is
in an infinite potential well.
3. The probability of finding a particle will be always maximum at the midpoint of the
boundaries.
4. If the width of the potential barrier increases, then probability of tunnelling through the
barrier also increases.
5. The wave function is an acceptable wave function if and only if it is a complex
function.
6. The energy of the lowest state in one dimensional infinite potential well of certain
width is zero.
7. When a particle is tunnelling through the barrier its wave function is sinusoidal.
8. The most probable distance of an electron from nucleus in the ground state of H-
atom is r = (3/2) ao.