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GSM PDF
GSM PDF
GPRS
Course requirements: GPRS: Architecture, Protocols, and Air Interface article
available at
www.comsoc.org/pubs/surveys/3q99issue/bettstetter.html
If you have problems obtaining this article, please contact the course assistant
(Mika Nupponen)
Digital PLMN systems (status 2000)
2nd Generation 3rd Generation 4th Generation
GSM IMT-2000
UMTS
GPRS W-
CDMA
EDGE TDD
IS-136
USA CDMA
IS-95 2000
Digital PLMN systems
GSM Global System for Mobile communications:
(FDMA/)TDMA-based system specified by ETSI
Several evolution steps towards 3rd generation systems:
HSCSD High Speed Circuit Switched Data (possibility of
combining up to 4 time slots for a data connection)
GPRS General Packet Radio Service (packet switching
overlay on TDMA radio access network)
EDGE Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (change at
the air interface: 8 PSK modulation as in UMTS)
IS-95 American CDMA system
IS-136 American TDMA system
UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
UTRA FDD mode (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access,
Frequency Division Duplex mode) W-CDMA
UTRA TDD mode
CDMA2000 American 3rd Generation CDMA system
MS BTS OMC AC
EIR
MS
database
GSM: circuit switched connections
BSS NSS
BSC GMSC
MSC
MS
VLR
HLR
MS BTS AC
EIR
GPRS: packet switched connections
BSS NSS
BSC GMSC
MSC
PCU
MS VLR
HLR
SGSN AC
BTS EIR
MS
GGSN
UMTS network architecture
Radio access network Core network (GSM/GPRS-based)
UTRAN
MS RNC Iu CS
GMSC
MSC
BS
Uu VLR
Iur
MS HLR
Iub SGSN
RNC
BS Iu PS AC
EIR
MS Gn GGSN
IMT-2000 / UMTS:
RNS (access network) Core network (GSM-based)
RNC
GMSC
MSC
MS BS
VLR
HLR
MS
RNC SGSN AC
BS
EIR
MS GGSN
MS
Radio interface aspects
Radio access techniques (FDMA / TDMA / CDMA)
Physical / logical channel structure / GSM burst
Modulation method (GMSK, 8-PSK)
Source coding / channel coding / interleaving
Radio channel estimation & equalization techniques
(constructive use of the multipath channel)
Diversity techniques
Circuit vs. packet switched access
Protocols: random access, power control, handover
(with associated measurement procedures)
Radio interface access techniques
code nr.
Code
Frequency division division
Radio interface - physical channels
TS0 Typically used for signaling TS1
Carrier 0 T S S T T T T T T S S T
Carrier 1 T T T T T T T T T T T T
TS2 TS2
Carrier 2 T T T T T T T T T T T T
Carrier 3 T T T T T T T T T T T T
Frame of length 8 time slots
Radio interface logical channels
Carrier 1 T T T T T T T
PDCH:s for GPRS use (for example)
Carrier 2 T T T T T T T
Dynamical
allocation
(circuit switched
GSM channels
are given higher
priority)
TS0
Um Abis A
CM CM
MM MM
DTAP BSSMAP
RR BSSAP BSSAP
RR
RR BTSM BTSM
SCCP SCCP
LAPDm LAPDm LAPD LAPD MTP MTP
Radio Radio 64 kb/s 64 kb/s 64 kb/s 64 kb/s
Um Gb Gn
IP/X.25 IP/X.25
SNDCP SNDCP GTP GTP
LLC LLC TCP TCP
RLC RLC BSSGP BSSGP IP IP
MAC MAC NS NS L2 L2
Radio Radio L1bis L1bis L1 L1
GPRS:
Idle MS is switched off (packet mode)
Standby location updates on a larger basis
Ready location updates on cell-by-cell basis
Random access in GSM / GPRS
No communication between MS and network can be started
without first using the random access procedure in
network originated activity (paging, e.g. for MTC)
MS originated activity (MOC, location updating,
registration, de-registration at power switch-off)
MS VLR 1
SIM LAI
TMSI IMSI HLR
LAI
TMSI IMSI
LAI => VLR 1
VLR 1
MS LAI
SIM TMSI IMSI HLR
LAI IMSI
TMSI LAI => VLR 1
VLR 2
VLR 1
MS LAI
SIM TMSI IMSI HLR
LAI IMSI
TMSI LAI => VLR 1
VLR 2
VLR 1
MS LAI
SIM TMSI IMSI HLR
LAI => VLR 2
LAI IMSI
TMSI LAI => VLR 1
LAI => VLR 2
TMSI
VLR 2
VLR 1
MS LAI
SIM HLR
LAI IMSI
TMSI LAI => VLR 2
VLR 2
VLR 1
MS LAI
SIM HLR
LAI IMSI
TMSI LAI VLR 2
Important information for MTC (see below)
GMSC
MS MSC
SIM VLR 2 MSISDN
LAI => VLR 2
LAI LAI HLR
TMSI TMSI => IMSI
MSISDN => IMSI
LAI => VLR 2
GMSC
MS MSC
SIM VLR 2
GMSC
MS MSC
SIM VLR 2