Weve got idiom and modification issues in this sentence, so look for the version that contains the

proper idiom-- as much as-- and a

properly placed modifier-- even.

it can be either so much that ...it resulted in something .........................or as much as ...=
quation ........

even can modify any adjective ...here even the strongest of the country .so even should
come later
A debt ratio of 30% of gross domestic product is even so much that the strongest national economies incur, and then only as a means to finance short-
term undertakings of national or international prominence.
Choices
A
even so much that
This is not the credited choice. Even is misplaced here (it should modify the strongest national economies) and the idiom (so much that) is incorrect.

B
even as much that
This is not the credited choice. Even is misplaced here (it should modify the strongest national economies) and as much that is not the correct idiom.

C
even so much as

Your answer was incorrect

Even is misplaced here (it should modify the strongest national economies) and so much as is incorrect idiom.

D
so much as even
This is not the credited choice. "Even" is in the right place, but "so much as is improper idiom.

E
as much as even
This is the credited response. This choice contains the proper idiom (as much as) and a well-placed modifier (even the strongest countries).
Both proper idiom and the logic of the sentence must guide our selection of the correct answer choice. We need to consider how the second portion of the
the Christmas holiday brought respite to the
sentence relates to the first portion: the second part describes how
opposing armies. In a cause-and-effect relationship, verbal clues help to clarify the
relationship. We're looking for a conjunction that suggests a cause-effect relationship.

for gives a meaning of because ....take care of that

The Christmas holiday brought a brief respite to opposing armies during World War I in that an unofficial ceasefire spread along the Western Front on
Christmas Eve, 1914.
Choices
A
armies during World War I in that an unofficial ceasefire spread along the Western Front on Christmas Eve, 1914

Your answer was incorrect

This is not the credited choice. In that is too formal, and it doesn't clarify the logical relationship of this sentence's main ideas.

B
armies during World War I, spreading an unofficial ceasefire along the Western Front on Christmas Eve, 1914
This is not the credited choice. Were left to wonder who or what was responsible for the spreading in this variation.

C
armies during World War I when they spread an unofficial ceasefire along the Western Front on Christmas Eve, 1914
This is not the credited choice. When should always denote a time, and they has no clear referent ("they" seems to refer to the armies, which is
incorrect).

D
armies during World War I, for an unofficial ceasefire spread along the Western Front on Christmas Eve, 1914
This is the credited response. For clearly and properly offers clarification on how the Christmas holiday brought respite.

E
armies during World War I by the spread of an unofficial ceasefire along the Western Front on Christmas Eve, 1914
This is not the credited choice. By introduces an explanation, but it introduces a procedural explanation rather than a logical one, which isn't what we
wanted here.
Our chief concern in this sentence is number agreement between our compound subject and our verb. Labor market conditions and the size of the
company is plural; we need the plural form affect. With that information alone, we can eliminate three choices, leaving us with only two to compare.

A quick comparison of the two choices that remain reveals that one begins with each and the other begins with all. Since the intent of the sentence is
to contrast the commonalities of all to the unique concerns of each, all businesses is appropriate here.

While all businesses face similar fiscal concerns, labor market conditions and the size of the company significantly affects cost basis and profit margin, as
well as the style of management.
Choices
A
all businesses face similar fiscal concerns, labor market conditions and the size of the company significantly affects
This is not the credited choice. While all businesses is correct, the singular verb affects does not agree with the plural subject.

B
each business faces a similar fiscal concern, their labor market conditions and size of the company significantly affect
This is not the credited choice. "Affect" is appropriately plural, but each business is incorrect.

C
all businesses face a similar fiscal concern; their labor market conditions and company size significantly affects
All businesses is correct, but affects is singular, and the use of a semicolon creates a sentence fragment in the phrase prior to the
semicolon.

D
each business faces similar fiscal concerns, the labor market conditions and the size of each company significantly affects

Your answer was incorrect

This is not the credited choice. Each business should be all businesses; affects should be plural.

E
all businesses face similar fiscal concerns, the labor market conditions and the size of each company significantly affect
This is the credited response. All businesses is correct, affect is properly plural, and the use of a comma in the sentence is correct.

The writer is trying to include information on one of the artists at the workshop, but can't simply use a pronoun--whether who or whom-- because no
earlier noun specifically refers to that artist.

In the phrase "one of whom," though, the "whom" refers to the earlier noun "artists." You could check this simply by substituting that antecedent
("artists") for the pronoun ("whom"), to see whether it makes sense: "one of the artists is an award winner." We can see this works. (When doing
this, sometimes you will need to add an article.) "One" makes it clear that the sentence is referring to one specific artist from that group.
The pronouns who or whom should be used to refer to people. The correct pronoun here is whom, because it is an objective case pronoun and is
used here as the object of the preposition of. "Of who" will always be wrong.

Artists at the workshop, one who is an award winner, will demonstrate innovative painting techniques that allow painters to create three-dimensional
paintings.
Choices
A
one who

Your answer was incorrect

This is not the credited choice. One who could only be used after an introductory word such as "including.

B
one of them who
This is not the credited choice. Apart from the obvious awkwardness of the resulting sentence, "them" and "whom" must both have the same referent.

C
and one of them who
This is not the credited choice. Again, apart from the obvious awkwardness of the resulting sentence, "them" and "who" must both have the same
referent. Also, and creates the impression that the award winner is not part of the group.

D
one of whom
This is the credited choice. It uses the proper objective pronoun whom. The phrase clearly conveys the idea of one person out of a larger group.

E
one of which
This is not the credited choice. The pronoun which can only refer to objects, events, or unnamed animals. It cannot be used to refer to people.

The writer is trying to include information on one of the artists at the workshop, but can't simply use a pronoun--whether who or whom-- because no
earlier noun specifically refers to that artist.

In the phrase "one of whom," though, the "whom" refers to the earlier noun "artists."
You could check this simply by substituting
that antecedent ("artists") for the pronoun ("whom"), to see whether it makes sense: "one of the
artists is an award winner." We can see this works. (When doing this, sometimes you will need to add an article.) "One" makes it clear that
the sentence is referring to one specific artist from that group.

The pronouns who or whom should be used to refer to people. The correct pronoun here is whom, because it is an objective case pronoun and is
used here as the object of the preposition of. "Of who" will always be wrong.

Artists at the workshop, one who is an award winner, will demonstrate innovative painting techniques that allow painters to create three-dimensional
paintings.
Choices
A
one who

Your answer was incorrect

This is not the credited choice. One who could only be used after an introductory word such as "including.

B
one of them who
This is not the credited choice. Apart from the obvious awkwardness of the resulting sentence, "them" and "whom" must both have the same referent.

C
and one of them who
This is not the credited choice. Again, apart from the obvious awkwardness of the resulting sentence, "them" and "who" must both have the same
referent. Also, and creates the impression that the award winner is not part of the group.

D
one of whom
This is the credited choice. It uses the proper objective pronoun whom. The phrase clearly conveys the idea of one person out of a
larger group.

E
one of which
This is not the credited choice. The pronoun which can only refer to objects, events, or unnamed animals. It cannot be used to refer to people.
The singular verb "is" in the non underlined portion implies that we are talking about a single artist. Since we need to select a single artist out of the many artist we need to
use- one of whom
Hi fozzzy.

The main idea of this question is:

Artists at the workshop will demonstrate innovative painting techniques that allow painters to create three-dimensional painting
The part: "one who is an award winner" is just modifier of Artists.

A) one who ==> Clearly wrong because "one who" does not make any sense.

B)one of them who ==> Somebody may think B is correct, but it's wrong. Why? Because "them" means Artists. So if you change "them" to "artists", the sentence will
be: Artists at the workshop, one of Artists who is..... ==> Clearly wrong, because "who" modifies the preceding noun - Artists - that is plural. The usage "is" is wrong.

C)and one of them who ==> Double wrong. (1) "and" does not make sense, cause there's no parallel structure here; (2) same reason as B.

D)one of whom ==> Correct. we use "who" for objective, and "who" for subject.

E)one of which ==> "which" is wrong.

Hope it helps.

Regards.

This question tests idiom. The proper idiomatic expression here is "mistake x for y," so it should read: "the pawn of his opponent for his
own." Also, the GMAT prefers direct and concise wording, so "pawn of his opponent" should be changed to "his opponent's pawn."

Following the match, the chess grandmaster explained that he briefly mistookthe pawn of his opponent as his own, but that fortunately this error did not
lead to defeat.
Choices
A
the pawn of his opponent as his own
This is not the credited choice. "As" should be "for" to complete the idiom correctly. Also "the pawn of his opponent" is needlessly wordy.

B
the pawn of his opponent to his own
This is not the credited choice. "To" should be "for" in order to be idiomatically correct, and "the pawn of his opponent" is wordy.

C
his opponent's pawn for that of his own
This is not the credited choice. "That of" is unclear and illogical.

D
his opponent's pawn for his own
This is the credited choice. It properly completes the idiom and is the most concise structure.

E
his opponent's pawn as his own
Your answer was incorrect

This is not the credited choice. "As" should be "for" in this idiomatic expression.

ALWAYS TAKE OF THE LIST ...IF IT WOULD HAVE ENDED ,,,THEN U CAN GIVE ING MODIFER FOR CAUSE
AND EFFCT BUT THE LIST DOES NOT HAV AN "AND " ...SO IT NEED TO BE CONTINUED FURTHER
This question involves basic parallelism (making sure that conjunctions join similar grammatical forms -- adjectives with adjectives, verbs with verbs,
etc.).

One of the items in this series of four effects of the next large hurricane contains an additional internal series of two (" infiltration and contamination").
Some people become confused when there are two or more instances of "and" in a sentence, and it is often best to avoid series within series when you are
writing. However, there is nothing grammatically wrong with using even several instances of "and" in a sentence or with putting series within series, so it's
possible you might encounter these difficult structures in complex writings (or on GMAT questions like these). Keep focused and use logic to determine the
elements of each series (and, of course, check for parallelism).

Scientists predict that the next large hurricane to strike the Gulf coast will have unimaginably catastrophic results, including a total breakdown of the levee
system, infiltration and contamination of the Mississippi River by salt water,permanently altering the coastline and completely destroying New Orleans
wetlands.
Choices
A
permanently altering the coastline and completely destroying

Your answer was incorrect

This is not the credited choice. The first item in this series of the effects of the next big hurricane is the noun phrase "a total breakdown of the levee
system." All the other items in the series should likewise be noun phrases. But, because of the conjunction "and," some readers might read the second
item in the list ("infiltration and contamination of the Mississippi") as two separate items. However, if this were the case, the second item would be simply
"infiltration," which is vague. Infiltration of what? So, "infiltration and contamination" together form part of the second item in the series. The problem
with this choice is, of course, that the next two items are -ing verb phrases instead of noun phrases.

B
causing permanent alterations to the coastline, and completely destroying
This is not the credited choice. It also erroneously joins two noun phrases with two -ing verb phrases ("causing permanent..." and "completely
destroying..."), an error in parallelism.

C
altering the coastline permanently from its current form, and complete destruction of
This is not the credited choice. It could be interpreted as a parallel series of three noun phrases ("a total breakdown of...," "infiltration and contamination
of the Mississippi," and "complete destruction of...") with a participial phrase ("altering the coastline...") inserted among them, perhaps modifying the
infiltration and contamination. This is almost logical, though its hard to see how contamination by salt water would alter the physical form of the coastline.
However, "altering the coastline FROM its current form" is idiomatically incorrect, so this choice can be disregarded.

D
permanent alterations to the coastline, and complete destruction of
This is the credited response, a series of four noun phrases ("a total breakdown of...," "infiltration and contamination of...," "permanent alterations to...,"
and "complete destruction of...").

E
permanent alterations to the coastlines form, and complete destruction in
This is not the credited choice. Although it is parallel, the idiom "destruction IN" is incorrect.

The underlined portion is so awkward and wordy that it makes the whole sentence difficult to understand .
The sentence discusses an
ongoing situation (the countryside is becoming...), so the present progressive tense (are lacking
in) should be used in place of the present tense (lack"). "Them" refers to the doctors, and as a
referent to the same, should be replaced with "themselves." The long awkward modifier to such a large degree as to make it
difficult should be simplified and condensed. The standard English idiom so xthat can be joined with the progressive verb
for greater clarity: Doctorsare so lacking in adequate transportation THAT they find it difficult to
distribute themselves

Doctors in rural areas lack adequate transportation to such a significant degree as to make it difficult to distribute them throughout a countryside
becomingincreasingly populated with people fleeing the urban lifestyle.
Choices
A
lack adequate transportation to such a significant degree as to make it difficult to distribute them throughout a countryside becoming

Your answer was incorrect

This is not the credited choice. Lack should be are lacking in," and the awkward modifier should be condensed by using the so xthat
construction.
B
lack adequate transportation to a significant enough degree as to make it difficult to distribute themselves throughout a countryside that becomes
This is not the credited choice for several reasons: lack should be are lacking in," to a significant enough degree is not a valid construction in
standard English, and "that becomes should be becoming.

C
lack of adequate transportation is so large as to be difficult to distribute them throughout a countryside that becomes
This is not the credited choice. Lack is used as a noun here ("lack of adequate transportation") and results in an
ungrammatical construction.
D
are lacking so much in adequate transportation as to be difficult to distribute throughout a countryside becoming
This is not the credited choice. So muchas to be difficult is not a correct idiomatic expression.

E
are so lacking in adequate transportation that they find it difficult to distribute themselves throughout a countryside becoming
This is the credited choice. The present progressive verb, are lacking reveals an ongoing situation, and the
construction sothat is clear, concise, and correct.

Comments About This Question

WHENER U SEE THAT CHECK IF THERE IS THAT AND THAT PARALLELSIM...WHICH

MAKE STHE PRESCENCE OF THAT NECESSARY
This question tests both idiom and parallelism. "Despite scientists" is not an acceptable idiomatic expression. The clause should be introduced more
grammatically. Next, note that the word "that" must be included in the underlined portion in order to maintain parallelism with the other idea that scientist
agree upon - "that something should be done."

Despite scientists may agree that global warming is a key issue and that something should be done to slow or stop global warming, they have not been
able to agree upon the best course of action to improve the situation.
Choices
A
Despite scientists may agree that
This is not the credited choice: "Despite scientists" is idiomatically incorrect.
B
However much scientists may agree
This is not the credited choice. The omission of "that" is incorrect because it violates parallelism .
C
Even though scientists may agree that
This is the credited choice. "Even though" is a logical introduction, and the inclusion of "that" maintains
parallelism with the remainder of the sentence .
D
Agreement exists among scientists that
This is not the credited choice. This omits "may," which changes the meaning, and this
structure results in a run-on sentence.
E
Although scientists agree

Your answer was incorrect

This is not the credited choice. "That" must be included to maintain parallelism, and the
omission of "may" changes the meaning.