Terminologies Definition

Atmospheric Correction the process of removing the effects of the atmosphere on the reflectance values of images taken
by satellite or airborne sensors
Bit Depth Color depth
Cloud Masking Detect and creating cloud masks. Then, replace the masked areas with pixels from a corresponding
cloud-free image
Completeness Spatial, temporal, and content gaps
Confidence Interval
a type of interval estimate of a population parameter that is computed from the observed data.
Expect % of the interval estimates to include the population parameter.
Confusion matrix error matrix to visualize the performance of an algorithm
Data Format File extensions (e.g. *.tiff, *.shp)
Data Type Type of data (e.g. vector, scalar, or analogue)
Deutsche Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V (DLR) Aeronautics, space, transports, energy, security. Public company
DLR Global Urban Footprint (GUF) Plus the objective of the Global Urban Footprint (GUF) project is the worldwide mapping of
settlements with unprecedented spatial resolution of 0.4 arcsec (~12 m).
Dropped Lines/Artefacts Discontinued lines
Dynamic Range Dynamic range of all image bands.
Earth Observation (EO) Physical and spatial information collected through remote sensing
EGIS SA (EGIS) transportation and engineering. GIS laboratory in Bengalore
Geometric Processing data conversion to ground coordinates to provide georeferencing, to overlay multiple images, to
merge with map layers.
GISAT S.R.O (GISAT) Agriculture sentinel satellite imagery
GISBOX SRL (GISBOX) Photogrammetry and GIS
Header/Metadata Information about the data. Data of the data
InSAR -- Small Baseline Subset Method (SBAS) use a large number of SAR observations to monitor displacement time series using successive
InSAR observations.
INSPIRE INSPIRE is to facilitate the use and sharing of spatial information by providing key elements and
guidelines for the creation of metadata for geospatial products and services.
(https://inspire.ec.europa.eu/data-specifications/2892)
Interferometric SAR (InSAR) a radar technique used in geodesy and remote sensing
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interferometric_synthetic-aperture_radar
JOANNEUM Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH (JR) Advanced technology research on Materials, Health, Digital, Policies, Robotics, Life
Manual Enhancement
Minimum Mapping Unit (MMU) the smallest feature that is being reliably map =1 pixel
Mosaicking The process of combining multiple photographic images with overlapping fields of view to produce
high-resolution image. (or photo stitching)
Netherlands Geomatics & Earth Observation B.V. (NEO) Earth observation and Geo information
Omission and Commission errors Classification error occurs when a pixel (or feature) belonging to one category is assigned to
another category. Errors of omission occur when a feature is left out of the category being
evaluated; errors of commission occur when a feature is incorrectly included in the category being
evaluated. An error of omission in one category will be counted as an error in commission in
another category.
Ortho-rectification A process to remove distortion that is useful for a mapping or GIS system.
Pleiades 1B provide the coverage of Earth's surface with a repeat cycle of 26 days.
Positional Accuracy
the accuracy of the location of a point in the imagery with reference to its physical location on the
ground. It is an integral part of thematic accuracy. (e.g position of roads in the feature class and in
the .TIFF image. Using the same projection to tell the difference.)
Quickbird-2 Collected panchromatic (black and white) imagery at 61 cm resolution and multispectral imagery at
2.4-meter (450 km)
Radar data Radio wave. Cheaper than LIDAR. Not location, but velocity.
Radiometric Processing noise removal to accurately represent ground conditions because of: variations, overlapping,
between bands, image dates
Readability Can the data be read, opened, and stored again
RMSE Root Mean Square Error. A measured for positional accuracy and computed as sum of the square
of the differences between the position of the point on one data layer as compared to the position
of the same point on another data layer (often the ground) using the same data that were used to
register the layers together
Sampling Methodology Methodology of in situ or reference/auxiliary data sampling scheme should be outlined. In case of
sample plots, also state how the plot positions have been determined (e.g. from GPS
measurements, topographic maps, terrestrial triangulation, EO data, etc.) and how the sampling
grid was established.
Spectral/Spatial resolution a measure of its ability to resolve features in the electromagnetic spectrum
SRTM
Shuttle Radar Topography Mission. An internation research effort that obtained digital elevation
models on a near-global scale from 56-deg S to 60-deg N, to generate the most complete high-
resolution diginal topographic database of Earth prior to the release of the ASTER GDEM in 2009.
Stratum a layer is a slice or stratum of the geographic reality in a particular area, and is more or less
equivalent to a legend item on a paper map
Systme d'Information Rfrence Spatiale SAS (SIRS) Remote sensing and satellite imagery to inform policy
Thematic Accuracy The accuracy of a mapped land cover category at a particular time compared to what was actually
on the ground at that time.
Thematic Classification Digital image classification uses the quantitative spectral information contained in an image, which
is related to the composition or condition of the target surface. Image analysis can be performed
on multispectral as well as hyperspectral imagery
Topographic Normalisation A method to improve mapping classifications