SQL TRANSFORMATION IN INFORMATICA WITH EXAMPLES

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SQL Transformation is a connected transformation used to process SQL queries
in the midstream of a pipeline. We can insert, update, delete and retrieve rows
from the database at run time using the SQL transformation.

The SQL transformation processes external SQL scripts or SQL queries created
in the SQL editor. You can also pass the database connection information to the
SQL transformation as an input data at run time.

The following SQL statements can be used in the SQL transformation.

Data Definition Statements (CREATE, ALTER, DROP, TRUNCATE,
RENAME)
DATA MANIPULATION statements (INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE,
MERGE)
DATA Retrieval Statement (SELECT)
DATA Control Language Statements (GRANT, REVOKE)
Transaction Control Statements (COMMIT, ROLLBACK)

Configuring SQL Transformation

The following options can be used to configure an SQL transformation

Mode: SQL transformation runs either in script mode or query mode.

Active/Passive: By default, SQL transformation is an active transformation.
You can configure it as passive transformation.
Database Type: The type of database that the SQL transformation
connects to.
Connection type: You can pass database connection information or you
can use a connection object.

We will see how to create an SQL transformation in script mode, query mode and
passing the dynamic database connection with examples.

Creating SQL Transformation in Query Mode

Query Mode: The SQL transformation executes a query that defined in the query
editor. You can pass parameters to the query to define dynamic queries. The SQL
transformation can output multiple rows when the query has a select statement. In
query mode, the SQL transformation acts as an active transformation.

You can create the following types of SQL queries

Static SQL query: The SQL query statement does not change, however you can
pass parameters to the sql query. The integration service runs the query once and
runs the same query for all the input rows.
Dynamic SQL query: The SQL query statement and the data can change. The
integration service prepares the query for each input row and then runs the query.

SQL Transformation Example Using Static SQL query

Q1) Lets say we have the products and Sales table with the below data.

Table Name: Products

PRODUCT

-------

SAMSUNG

LG

IPhone

Table Name: Sales

PRODUCT QUANTITY PRICE

----------------------

SAMSUNG 2 100

LG 3 80

IPhone 5 200

SAMSUNG 5 500

Create a mapping to join the products and sales table on product column using
the SQL Transformation? The output will be

PRODUCT QUANTITY PRICE

----------------------

SAMSUNG 2 100

SAMSUNG 5 500

IPhone 5 200

LG 3 80

Solution:

Just follow the below steps for creating the SQL transformation to solve the
example

Create a new mapping, drag the products source definition to the mapping.
Go to the toolbar -> Transformation -> Create -> Select the SQL
transformation. Enter a name and then click create.
Select the execution mode as query mode, DB type as Oracle, connection
type as static. This is shown in the below image.Then click OK.

Edit the sql transformation, go to the "SQL Ports" tab and add the input and
output ports as shown in the below image. Here for all the ports, you have
to define Data Type (informatica specific data types) and Native Type
(Database specific data types).

 In the same "SQL Ports" Tab, go to the SQL query and enter the below sql
in the SQL editor.

select product, quantity, price from sales where product = ?product?

Here ?product? is the parameter binding variable which takes its values
from the input port. Now connect the source qualifier transformation ports
to the input ports of SQL transformation and target input ports to the SQL
transformation output ports. The complete mapping flow is shown below.

Create the workflow, session and enter the connections for source, target.
For SQL transformation also enter the source connection.

After you run the workflow, the integration service generates the following queries
for sql transformation

select product, quantity, price from sales where product ='SAMSUNG'

select product, quantity, price from sales where product ='LG'

select product, quantity, price from sales where product ='IPhone'

Dynamic SQL query: A dynamic SQL query can execute different query
statements for each input row. You can pass a full query or a partial query to the
sql transformation input ports to execute the dynamic sql queries.

SQL Transformation Example Using Full Dynamic query

Q2) I have the below source table which contains the below data.

Table Name: Del_Tab

Del_statement

------------------------------------------

Delete FROM Sales WHERE Product = 'LG'

Delete FROM products WHERE Product = 'LG'

Solution:

Just follow the same steps for creating the sql transformation in the example 1.

Now go to the "SQL Ports" tab of SQL transformation and create the input
port as "Query_Port". Connect this input port to the Source Qualifier
Transformation.
In the "SQL Ports" tab, enter the sql query as ~Query_Port~. The tilt
indicates a variable substitution for the queries.
As we dont need any output, just connect the SQLError port to the target.
Now create workflow and run the workflow.
SQL Transformation Example Using Partial Dynamic query

Q3) In the example 2, you can see the delete statements are similar except Athe
table name. Now we will pass only the table name to the sql transformation. The
source table contains the below data.

Table Name: Del_Tab

Tab_Names

----------

sales

products

Solution:

Create the input port in the sql transformation as Table_Name and enter the below
query in the SQL Query window.

Delete FROM ~Table_Name~ WHERE Product = 'LG'

SQL TRANSFORMATION IN SCRIPT MODE EXAMPLES - INFORMATICA
This is continuation to my previous post on SQL Transformation in Query Mode.
Here we will see how to use SQL transformation in script mode.

Script Mode

In a script mode, you have to create the sql scripts in a text file. The SQL
transformation runs your sql scripts from these text files. You have to pass each
script file name from the source to the SQL transformation ScriptName port. The
script file name should contain a complete path to the script file. The SQL
transformation acts as passive transformation in script mode and returns one row
for each input row. The output row contains results of the query and any database
error.

SQL Transformation default ports in script mode

In script mode, By default three ports will be created in SQL transformation. They
are
ScriptName (Input port) : Receives the name of the script to execute for
the current row.
ScriptResult (output port) : Returns PASSED if the script execution
succeeds for the row. Otherwise FAILED.
ScriptError (Output port) : Returns errors that occur when a script fails for
a row.

Rules and Guidelines for script mode

You have to follow the below rules and guidelines when using the sql
transformation in script mode:

You can run only static sql queries and cannot run dynamic sql queries in
script mode.
You can include multiple sql queries in a script. You need to separate each
query with a semicolon.
The integration service ignores the output of select statements in the SQL
scripts.
You cannot use procedural languages such as oracle plsql or
Microsoft/Sybase T-SQL in the script.
You cannot call a script from another script. Avoid using nested scripts.
The script must be accessible to the integration service.
You cannot pass arguments to the script.
You can use mapping variables or parameters in the script file name.
 You can use static or dynamic database connection in the script mode.

Note: Use SQL transformation in script mode to run DDL (data definition language)
statements like creating or dropping the tables.

Create SQL Transformation in Script Mode

We will see how to create sql transformation in script mode with an example. We
will create the following sales table in oracle database and insert records into the
table using the SQL transformation.

Script Name: sales_ddl.txt

Create Table Sales (

Sale_id Number,

Product_name varchar2(30),

Price Number

);

Script Name: sales_dml.txt

Insert into sales values(1,'Samsung',2000);

Insert into sales values(2,'LG',1000);

Insert into sales values(3,'Nokia',5000);

I created two script files in the $PMSourceFileDir directory. The sales_ddl.txt

contains the sales table creation statement and the sales_dml.txt contains the
insert statements. These are the script files to be executed by SQL
transformation.

We need a source which contains the above script file names. So, I created
another file in the $PMSourceFileDir directory to store these script file names.

File name: Script_names.txt

-------------------------------
$PMSourceFileDir/sales_ddl.txt

$PMSourceFileDir/sales_dml.txt

Now we will create a mapping to execute the script files using the SQL
transformation. Follow the below steps to create the mapping.

Go to the mapping designer tool, source analyzer and create the source
file definition with the structure as the $PMSourceFileDir/Script_names.txt file.
The flat file structure is shown in the below image.

Go to the warehouse designer or target designer and create a target flat
file with result and error ports. This is shown in the below image.

Go to the mapping designer and create a new mapping.
Drag the flat file into the mapping designer.
Go to the Transformation in the toolbar, Create, select the SQL
transformation, enter a name and click on create.
Now select the SQL transformation options as script mode and DB type as
Oracle and click ok.


The SQL transformation is created with the default ports.

Now connect the source qualifier transformation ports to the SQL
transformation input port.
Drag the target flat file into the mapping and connect the SQL
transformation output ports to the target.
Save the mappping. The mapping flow image is shown in the below
picture.

Go to the workflow manager, create a new mapping and session.
Edit the session. For source, enter the source file directory, source file
name options as $PMSourceFileDir\ and Script_names.txt respectively.
For the SQL transformation, enter the oracle database relational
connection.
Save the workflow and run it.

This will create the sales table in the oracle database and inserts the records.