2 de Bachillerato a distancia

1. Past simple / Past continuous (Unidad 1)

PAST SIMPLE

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PAST SIMPLE AND PAST CONTINUOUS

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 PAST SIMPLE USES PAST CONTINOUS USES
1. Talking about past actions or events that 1. Describing an activity that was in progress
took place at a specific time in the past at a specific time in the past.
specified through past time expressions In 1950 John Lennon was living with his aunt in
(yesterday, the day before yesterday, last Liverpool
night, last week, last month, last year, two
years ago, etc.)
I spent the summer holidays in Germany last
year

2. Narrating a sequence of past events. 2. Referring to a past action or situation that

Yesterday I left work early, went to a concert, was in progress when it was interrupted by
had dinner with my friends and got home very another action.
late. Her mobile phone rang while the orchestra was
playing

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 3. Referring to two actions in progress at the
same time in the past.
The choir were talking quietly while the
conductor was speaking to the soloists.

2. Past simple - Spelling rules (regular verbs)

- Verbs ending in e -e is omitted before ed. (shave>shaved, close>closed, die>died)
- Verbs on one syllable ending in a short vowel + consonant The final consonant is
doubled before ed. (rub>rubbed, stop>stopped, ban>banned, plan>planned).
- Verbs ending in consonant + -y The y is changed to an I and ed is added.
(hurry>hurried, study>studied, carry>carried, marry>married).
- Verbs ending in vowel + -y They follow the general rule (stay>stayed).
- Verbs of two or more syllables ending in a consonant + short vowel + consonant The
final consonant is doubled if the stress is on the last syllable. (submit>submitted,
prefer>preferred, regret>regretted).
- In British English a final l after a short vowel is always doubled, but not in American
English. (travel>travelled/traveled, cancel>cancelled/canceled).

3. Past simple and Past continuous Exercises (Unidad 1)

1. Complete the text with the correct form of the verb in brackets (Past Simple and Past
Continuous).

Erin had a party last night. When we arrived, people _______________ (dance) and laughing. Then
some boys who we ______________________ (not know) arrived. Soon after they ____________
(start) to cause trouble. First they _____________ (eat) all the food in the fridge. After that they
______________ (break) a window. They _______________ (play) music really loudly when Erins
parents _____________________ (get) home.

2. Write questions about exercise 1. Put the verbs in bold into the correct form.

Where / be / the party?

/ People / dance / when you arrived?

Who / break / the window?

What / the boys / do / when / Erins parents got home?

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3.

4. Perfect Tenses (Unidad 1)

Present perfect 1. Describe actions which occurred at an unspecified time
in the past.
Have / has + Past participle - The army has lost control of the situation

2. With the adverb just to describe actions in the very

recent past.
- We have just finished dinner

3. With the prepositions for (periods of time) and since

(specific points in time)
- They havent had a meeting for four weeks
- I havent eaten anything since breakfast

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Past perfect
Had + Past participle
Present perfect continuous
Have / has + been + verb -ing
4. With time expressions indicating a period of time which
is not yet finished (today, this month, this morning, this
week)
- They havent spoken this week
- I have drunk two cups of coffee today
5. With the superlative (+ ever)
- James is the most honest person Ive ever met
1. An action which occurred before another action in the
past.
- The killer had already escaped when the police arrived.
2. Third conditional clauses.
- If the war hadnt started, I wouldnt have joined the army
3. With just to talk about actions in the past which had
occurred a short time before.
- When he met his wife, he had just started working as a
lawyer
4. With until, till, before, as soon as, after to
emphasise that a past action had completely finished
before another started.
- I left the country after the war had started
5. With It was the first time, It was the second time.
- It was the first time I had been on a demonstration
1. Describe activities which started in the past and
continue in the present (llevo + gerundio)
- Theyve been investigating the crime since 6 oclock this
morning.
2. Actions which started in the past and may have already
finished.
- Shes been working on the speech all morning
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Past perfect continuous
Had + been + verb -ing
3. Actions which have recently ended and have a visible
result in the present
You look tired. Have you been running?
1. Highlight the repetition or duration of an action prior to
another one in the past (llevaba + gerundio).
- He had been working on a new novel for ten months when we
met him.

1. Complete the text. Use the Present Perfect Simple form of the verbs in brackets.

Hi Grace,

How are you? Im really enjoying my course in Spain. Its the second week of college and I
________________ (just / get back) from a lecture in Spanish. It was pretty amazing! My Spanish
_________________ (really / improve) since I arrived. The social life is amazing too! I
_________________ (go) to three parties this week, and I ________________ (make) a lot of new
friends. In fact I ____________________ (not have) a boring week since I arrived. Anyway, Id
better go now. My teacher _______________ (just / give) me an essay to write before the end of
the week and I _______________________ (not / even / start) yet!

Ill email you soon.

Love,

Dylan

2. Complete the sentences about what happened before Tom arrived home (Past Perfect).

By the time Tome arrived home from work

- His son / burn / the pizza

- His daughter / lose / the TV remote control

- The dog / ruin / the carpet

- The cat / eat / the goldfish

- His wife / go out / with her friends

3. Past Simple and Past Perfect. Complete the text using the Past Simple of the Past Perfect
form of the verbs in brackets.

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Last week I ______________ (meet) an old friend called Ellen in the street. It ______________ (be)
great to see her. She looked different. Her hair ________________ (grow) a lot longer and she
_______________ (lose) some weight. I said I was sorry that I _____________ (not be) in touch for
a long time. We _________________ (have) a long chat and agreed to keep in touch more in the
future!

4. Choose the correct alternatives.

Tom had a great time in Tenerife. He was walking / walked along the beach one day when he met
/ was meeting Jill. Jill and Tom used to catch the bus together to school. But then Jill changed
schools and he hadnt seen her / wasnt seeing her since then. So it was strange to meet her on
holiday. Tom said hello, but he had felt / felt quite shy. He used to fancy Jill, but he was never
telling / had never told her. He was wondering / wondered what to do, when Jill invited him to a
beach party. Tom said hed love to go.

5. Opinion essay (Unidad 1)

In an opinion essay, you are trying to convince the reader that your opinion is correct. You must
have a clear opinion on the topic being discussed.

STRUCTURE

Introduction Present the topic

Body Support your opinion with facts and examples
Conclusion Summary of what you have written

Expressions to give your opinion / support Connectors to add information

your opinion
As far as I am concerned, Furthermore
Personally, Also
I personally believe that As well as
I firmly believe that Moreover
It seems to me that In addition
In my view,
As I see it,
To be honest,
Expressions to conclude your essay
In my opinion,
Undoubtedly,
For example, / For instance, To sum up,
But, So
However, In a few words,
Although In conclusion,
From my point of view,

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I am against
I (dont) agree with
I think / feel / believe that
It is clear that
On the one hand / on the other hand,
We can certainly say that
Many people argue that

6. Future forms (Unidad 2)

FUTURE FORMS (I)

1. Indicating a decision made at the moment of speaking.

- This room is great. Ill take it.

- Its hot in here. Ill open the windows.

2. Making predictions.

- It wont snow tomorrow.

WILL + INFINITIVE 3. Referring to events or actions which are very likely to occur in the
future.

- I will definitely book the flights at the weekend.

- We will definitely phone her tonight.

4. Offering to do something.

- Ill pay for the accommodation.

- Ill carry the suitcase if you like.
- Polite questions / offers (SHALL): Shall I close the door?

5. Making promises.

- Ill go on holiday with you next summer, I promise.

- I will buy you a present for your birthday.

6. In first conditional structures.

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 - If it rains, well stay at home.

7. Making polite requests.

- Will you close the door, please?

- Will you do it for me?

BE GOING TO 1. Referring to future plans or programmed future events or actions.

- Theyre going to launch the website next week.

- Theyre going to build a new bridge in autumn.

2. Expressing intentions.

- Im going to travel to India.

3. Making predictions about the future based on some kind of

evidence in the present.

- Your coffee is very hot. You are going to burn yourself.

- He eats a lot. Hes going to put on weight.

PRESENT 1. Future arrangements or confirmed plans.

CONTINUOUS
- Hes visiting us this weekend.

FUTURE FORMS (II)

FUTURE CONTINUOUS 1. Talking about actions which will be taking place or which
will be in progress at a specific time in the future. (I will be in
the middle of doing it)

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 - At this time next Sunday Ill be flying to Australia.
WILL BE + -ING
- Dont phone between 7 and 8. Well be having dinner.

2. Asking indirectly about someone elses plans.

- Will you be driving to the supermarket tomorrow?

3. Talking about scheduled future events.

- I will be taking a holiday in March.
- The government will be making a statement about the crisis later
today.

FUTURE PERFECT 1. Talking about actions which will be finished at a specific

time in the future.
- We will have finished packing by tomorrow.
- Were late. The film will already have started by the time we get
to the cinema.

7. Future forms Exercises (Unidad 2)

1. What do these sentences express?

a promise
a polite request
an offer
a prediction
an arrangement
an intention

A. Ill phone you when I get home.

B. Will you carry this bag for me, please?
C. Im visiting my aunt this evening.
D. Im going to make a cake tonight.
E. It will be sunny tomorrow morning.
F. Ill help you with your homework, if you like.

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2. Complete the sentences with will or the correct form of be going to.

- A: Where is she going? B: She is going to water (water) the plants.

- Dont worry if you dont understand, I ____________ (explain) it again.

- Oh, look! That car has just crashed into a tree. I ____________ (call) the police immediately.

- Next summer, my pen friend___________ (spend) a fortnight in my house.

- Sandra _____________(be) 18 next September.

3. Fill in the gaps with will or be going to.

- Listen to the thunder. There ____________ be a storm.

- I feel sick. I dont think I _____________ go to the disco.

- I promise I __________ return my book tomorrow.

- My brother ______________ study medicine at university. Hes finally decided.

- My friends and I ______________ form a band Weve got it all planned.

4. Read the email and complete it with the correct form of the verb in brackets.

To: Julie

From: Miriam

Hey, sorry for not calling at the weekend, but Ive got some interesting news to tell you. My school
(1)_______ (start) a new health project next week. Some computer experts (2)_______ (come) to
the school on Monday and we have to give them a photo of ourselves. Later, they (3)________
(interview) all of us about our eating habits and lifestyles. I think they (4)_________ (ask) us about
what we eat, the sports we do, what we do at the weekend and how we chill out. They (5) ______
(use) the photograph and the information to predict what we _____________ (look like) when we
(7)__________(be) 40. Can you believe it?! As soon as I (8)________ (get) the photo, I
(9)____________ (send) you a copy. I (10)_______________ (give) you a call next weekend.

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5. Choose the correct answer.
What time the train this afternoon?
A. Will you be
B. You are taking
C. You are going to take
D. Are you taking

Dont worry about the children, after them.

A. Ill look
B. Im going to look
C. Ill be look
D. Im look

Can someone answer the phone? go

A. Im going to
B. Im going
C. Ill go
D. I

I 20 years old next week

A. going to be
B. m being
C. Ill be
D. I am

At this time next week, to London

A. Well be flying
B. Were flying
C. Were going to fly
D. Well be flown

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6.

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7.

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8.

9. Rewrite each sentence with will, be going to or the present continuous.

a. My plan is to visit France in the summer.

I _______________________

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b. She has an appointment to see him tomorrow.

She ______________________

c. They predict a victory for Samuels in the elections.

They think______________________

d. With those black clouds, rain is obvious this afternoon.

I _______________________

e. Jill plans to have a rest at four oclock.

Jill _____________________

f. I predict United as the winner for the cup.

I think __________________

g. My parents have arranged a party for next week.

My parents ____________________

10. Complete the reply in each dialogue. There may be more than one correct answer.

A: Have you got any plans for tonight?

B: Yes, I _____________________ (see) the new Jennifer Lawrence film.

A: Did Sheila make an appointment with that new company?

B: Yes, she ________________ (have) her interview at 9 oclock tomorrow morning.

A: Did you know that Tom has just got back from his holiday?

B: No, I_______________ (give) him a call right now.

A: What do you think about Charles and Tina?

B: I suppose they ______________ (get) married one day.

A: Why cant Jenny come to the party?

B: Because she _________________ (go) away for the weekend.

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A: Why are you throwing that jar of coffee away?

B: I decided yesterday that I _________________ (drink) less coffee.

11. Will / going to / present continuous: Complete the sentences with the correct form of the
verb in brackets.

A. Are you going on holiday in the summer?

Yes, Were going (go) to Spain.

B. I cant find my keys.

Dont worry. I______________ (lend) you mine.

C. Would you like to see a film?

OK. I______________ (meet) you outside the cinema at 8 oclock.

D. I hear youre selling your house.

Thats right. We ________________ (move) to Australia next month.

E. Who do you want to win the World Cup?

Well, I think Greece _________________ (win). Theyve played really good football recently.

F. Its your birthday on Saturday.

Yes, I________________ (have) a party. Can you come?

G. Im hungry. I think __________________ (get) something to eat.

12. Future Perfect. Toby is a politician. The next election is in two months time. Complete the
sentences saying what he will have done by then.

He ______________________ (make) dozens of speeches.

He ______________________ (speak) to lots of journalists.

He ______________________ (appear) on several TV and radio shows.

He ______________________ (smile) at thousands of people.

He ______________________ (go) to lots of cocktails parties.

13. Future Perfect or Future Continuous? Look at Tobys timetable for tomorrow. Write
sentences using the verbs in brackets.

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 Timetable
6.30 7.30 have breakfast with the 6.45 (have) At 6.45 he will be having breakfast with
Prime Minister. the Prime Minister.
7.45 9.00 drive to Oxford. 8.00 (drive)
9.15 11.55 make a speech at 9.20 (drive)
Oxford University. 13.00 (speak)
12.30 13.15 speak to the press. 14.15 (write)
13.30 16.00 write my next speech. 17.45 (write)
16.30 18.00 make important 18.30 (appear)
phone calls. 23.30 (visit)
18.10 20.45 appear on a TV chat
show.
20.50 midnight visit a new
hospital.

14. Choose the correct alternatives.

- Im having / will have a party next Saturday. Can you come?

- Your phone is ringing. Ill / m going to answer it for you.

- Next year Jennifer will / is going to study English at university.

- Lets hurry home. Its going to get/ is getting dark soon.

- Dont worry about your exam tomorrow. I think youll do / are doing very well.

- What will you do / are you going to do in the Christmas holidays?

- Do you think youll ever live / are going to live in another country?

- Shaun and I will play / are playing in a football match tomorrow. Why dont you come along?

15. Complete the sentences.

- This time tomorrow he __________ at the party.

a. will be dancing

b. is dancing

- Ive got plans for this evening. I ____________ Jill at eight oclock.

a. will meet

b. am meeting

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- By the end of the party, he ________________ some new friends.

a. is going to make

b. will have made

- Jill looks upset. I think she ________________

a. is going to cry

b. will cry

- ______________ Tom after the holiday?

a. Is Jill emailing

b. Will Jill email

- The sky looks grey and cloudy. I think it _____________ today

a. is raining

b. is going to rain

8. Answers
Past simple and past continuous
1. Complete the text with the correct form of the verb in brackets (Past Simple and Past
Continuous).

Erin had a party last night. When we arrived, people WERE DANCING and laughing. Then some
boys who we DIDNT KNOW arrived. Soon after they STARTED to cause trouble. First they ATE all
the food in the fridge. After that they BROKE a window. They WERE PLAYING music really loudly
when Erins parents GOT home.

2. Write questions about exercise 1. Put the verbs in bold into the correct form.

Where WAS the party?

WERE People DANCING when you arrived?

Who BROKE the window?

What WERE THE BOYS DOING WHEN Erins parents got home?

3. Use your own ideas to complete the sentences. Use the past continuous.

(There are other possibilities)

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The doorbell rang while I was having a shower.

We saw an accident while we were driving home

Ann fell asleep while she was watching the film

The television was on, but nobody was watching it

Put the verb into the correct form, past continuous or past simple.

I saw Sue in town yesterday, but she didnt see me. She was looking the other way.

I met Tom and Jane at the airport a few weeks ago. They were going to Paris and I was going to
Rome. We had a chat while we were waiting for our flights.

I was cycling home yesterday when a man stepped out into the road in front of me. I was going
quite fast, but luckily I managed to stop in time and I didnt hit him.

Present perfect tenses

1. Complete the text. Use the Present Perfect Simple form of the verbs in brackets.

Hi Grace,

How are you? Im really enjoying my course in Spain. Its the second week of college and I HAVE
JUST GOT BACK from a lecture in Spanish. It was pretty amazing! My Spanish HAS REALLY
IMPROVED since I arrived. The social life is amazing too! I HAVE GONE to three parties this week,
and I HAVE MADE a lot of new friends. In fact I HAVENT HAD a boring week since I arrived.
Anyway, Id better go now. My teacher HAS JUST GIVEN me an essay to write before the end of
the week and I HAVENT EVEN STARTED yet!

Ill email you soon.

Love,

Dylan

2. Complete the sentences about what happened before Tom arrived home (Past Perfect).

By the time Tome arrived home from work

- His son HAD BURNT THE PIZZA

- His daughter HAD LOST THE TV REMOTE CONTROL

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- The dog HAD RUINED THE CARPET

- The cat HAD EATEN THE GOLDFISH

- His wife HAD GONE OUT WITH HER FRIENDS

3. Past Simple and Past Perfect. Complete the text using the Past Simple of the Past Perfect
form of the verbs in brackets.

Last week I MET an old friend called Ellen in the street. It WAS great to see her. She looked
different. Her hair HAD GROWN a lot longer and she HAD LOST some weight. I said I was sorry
that I HADNT BEEN in touch for a long time. We HAD a long chat and agreed to keep in touch
more in the future!

4. Choose the correct alternatives.

Tom had a great time in Tenerife. He was walking along the beach one day when he met Jill. Jill
and Tom used to catch the bus together to school. But then Jill changed schools and he hadnt
seen her since then. So it was strange to meet her on holiday. Tom said hello, but he felt quite
shy. He used to fancy Jill, but he had never told her. He was wondering what to do, when Jill
invited him to a beach party. Tom said hed love to go.

Future forms
1. What do these sentences express?

A. Ill phone you when I get home (promise).

B. Will you carry this bag for me, please? (polite request)
C. Im visiting my aunt this evening (arrangement)
D. Im going to make a cake tonight (intention)
E. It will be sunny tomorrow morning (prediction)
F. Ill help you with your homework, if you like (offer)

2. Complete the sentences with will or the correct form of be going to.

- Dont worry if you dont understand, I LL EXPLAIN it again.

- Oh, look! That car has just crashed into a tree. I LL CALL the police immediately.

- Next summer, my pen friend IS GOING TO SPEND a fortnight in my house.

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- Sandra WILL BE / IS GOING TO BE 18 next September.

3. Fill in the gaps with will or be going to.

- Listen to the thunder. There IS GOING TO be a storm.

- I feel sick. I dont think I LL GO go to the disco.

- I promise I LL return my book tomorrow.

- My brother IS GOING TO study medicine at university. Hes finally decided.

- My friends and I ARE GOING TO form a band Weve got it all planned.

4. Read the email and complete it with the correct form of the verb in brackets.

To: Julie

From: Miriam

Hey, sorry for not calling at the weekend, but Ive got some interesting news to tell you. My school
IS STARTING a new health project next week. Some computer experts ARE COMING to the school
on Monday and we have to give them a photo of ourselves. Later, they ARE GOING TO
INTERVIEW all of us about our eating habits and lifestyles. I think they WILL ASK us about what we
eat, the sports we do, what we do at the weekend and how we chill out. They ARE GOING TO USE
the photograph and the information to predict what we WILL LOOK LIKE when we ARE 40. Can you
believe it?! As soon as I GET the photo, I WILL SEND you a copy. I WILL GIVE you a call next
weekend.

5. Choose the correct answer.

What time the train this afternoon?
D. Are you taking

Dont worry about the children, after them.

A. Ill look

Can someone answer the phone? go

C. Ill go

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I 20 years old next week
C. Ill be

At this time next week, to London

A. Well be flying

6. Read about Colin. Then tick the sentences which are true. In each group of sentences at
least one is true.

2B 3A/C 4B/D 5C/D 6C

7. Put the verb into the correct form, will be (do)ing or will have (done).

1. well have finished

2. Well be playing

3. Ill be working

4. The meeting will have ended

5. Hell have spent

6. Youll still be doing

7. Shell have travelled

8. Ill be staying

9. Will you be seeing

8. Put the verb into the most suitable form. Sometimes theres more than one possibility.

1. A has decided to learn a language

1. are you going to do

2. it starts

3. youll enjoy

4. it will / its going to be

2. A wants to know about Bs holiday plans.

1. youre going

2. were going

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 3. you have

4. Ill send

5. Ill get

6. I get

3. A invited B to a party.

1. Im having / Im going to have

2. are coming

3. theyll have gone

4. theyre

5. I wont be

6. you know

7. Ill phone

4. A and B are two secret agents.

1. shall we meet

2. Ill be waiting

3. you arrive

4. Ill be sitting

5. Ill be wearing

6. Is Agent 307 coming / is Agent 307 going to come / will Agent 307 be coming

7. Shall I bring

8. Ill explain

9. I see

10. Ill try

9. Rewrite each sentence with will, be going to or the present continuous.

a. My plan is to visit France in the summer.

I PLAN TO VISIT FRANCE IN THE SUMMER

b. She has an appointment to see him tomorrow.

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She IS SEEING HIM TOMORROW

c. They predict a victory for Samuels in the elections.

They think SAMUELS WILL WIN IN THE ELECTIONS

d. With those black clouds, rain is obvious this afternoon.

I THINK ITS GOING TO RAIN THIS AFTERNOON

e. Jill plans to have a rest at four oclock.

Jill IS GOING TO HAVE A REST AT FOUR OCLOCK

f. I predict United as the winner for the cup.

I think UNITED WILL WIN THE CUP

g. My parents have arranged a party for next week.

My parents ARE HAVING A PARTY NEXT WEEK / ARE GOING TO HAVE A PARTY NEXT WEEK

10. Complete the reply in each dialogue. There may be more than one correct answer.

A: Have you got any plans for tonight?

B: Yes, I AM GOING TO SEE the new Jennifer Lawrence film.

A: Did Sheila make an appointment with that new company?

B: Yes, she HAS her interview at 9 oclock tomorrow morning.

A: Did you know that Tom has just got back from his holiday?

B: No, ILL GIVE him a call right now.

A: What do you think about Charles and Tina?

B: I suppose they WILL GET married one day.

A: Why cant Jenny come to the party?

B: Because she IS GOING away for the weekend.

A: Why are you throwing that jar of coffee away?

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B: I decided yesterday that I AM GOING TO DRINK less coffee.

11. Will / going to / present continuous: Complete the sentences with the correct form of the
verb in brackets.

B. Ill lend, C. Ill meet, D. Were moving, E. Are going to win, F. Im having. G. Ill get.

12. Future Perfect. Toby is a politician. The next election is in two months time. Complete the
sentences saying what he will have done by then.

Will have made, will have spoken, will have appeared, will have smiled, will have gone.

13. Future Perfect or Future Continuous? Look at Tobys timetable for tomorrow. Write
sentences using the verbs in brackets.

He will be driving to Oxford

He will have driven to Oxford

He will be speaking

He will be writing his next speech

He will have written his next speech

He will be appearing on a TV show

He will be visiting a new hospital.

14. Choose the correct alternatives.

- Im having a party next Saturday. Can you come?

- Your phone is ringing. Ill answer it for you.

- Next year Jennifer is going to study English at university.

- Lets hurry home. Its going to get dark soon.

- Dont worry about your exam tomorrow. I think youll do very well.

- What are you going to do in the Christmas holidays?

- Do you think youll ever live in another country?

- Shaun and I are playing in a football match tomorrow. Why dont you come along?

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15. Complete the sentences.

- This time tomorrow he __________ at the party.

a. will be dancing

- Ive got plans for this evening. I ____________ Jill at eight oclock.

b. am meeting

- By the end of the party, he ________________ some new friends.

b. will have made

- Jill looks upset. I think she ________________

a. is going to cry

- ______________ Tom after the holiday?

b. Will Jill email

- The sky looks grey and cloudy. I think it _____________ today

b. is going to rain

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