INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCIENCE FESTIVAL - 2016

SCIENCE VILLAGE PROGRAM

DETAILED PROGRAM & SCHEDULE

1. INTRODUCTION

The Science Village program is a part of the 2nd India International Science Festival jointly organised
by Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences and Vijnana Bharati (VIBHA),
The concept of Science Village is unique in the sense that it is for the first time in India that students
and teachers from across India, in a large number, would meet at the 2nd India International Science
Festival 2016 at the National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi. All the participants have been
nominated by the Honble Members of Parliament from their respective adopted villages under the
Pradhan Mantri Sansad Aadarsh Gram Yojana.

2. ABOUT SCIENCE VILLAGE: PARLIAMENT TO PANCHAYAT

The Parliament of India would witness a historic occasion during 7th to 11th of December 2016 when
over 3000 students and teachers would gather and acquire knowledge about fundamental science,
engineering, technology and will be exposed to recent innovations at the Science Village - Mega
Students Camp, from all over India. This is indeed a continuation of the democratic process because
the Student Delegates and Teachers are nominated by the Members of Parliament from Lok Sabha
and Rajya Sabha. Never before in the history of India have the Members of the Parliament of India
nominated students and teachers to participate in such a Mega Science Festival. This is indeed a
historic moment for Indian Democracy.

3. THE EIGHT HOUSES OF SCIENCE VILLAGE

The participants of Science Village have been distributed under 8 different houses named after 8
distinguished Scientists of India. The numbers and names of the houses are as follows:

1: APJ Abdul Kalam

2: S. Chandrashekhar
3: Aryabhatta
4: J.C.Bose
5: Homi.J.Bhabha
6: S.Ramanujan
7: K.S.Krishnan
8: C.V.Raman

These eight houses will be undergoing 8 different activities on a cyclical basis as per pre-defined
schedule throughout the Science Village Program. A few words of introduction for these Scientists

1. APJ Abdul Kalam (1931 2015): Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam was the Eleventh President of
India and a world renowned Space Scientist. He outshiningly contributed to Indias
 civilian space programme and military missile development. He was given the Bharat
Ratna Award in 1997 and is fondly referred to as The Peoples President and The
Missile Man of India. His book Transcendence: My Spiritual Experiences with
Pramukh Swamiji explores the unique spiritual journey of this great personality.

2. Subrahmanyan Chandrashekhar (1910 1995): Prof. Chandrasekhar investigated the

theory of white dwarfs the dense but hot remains of stars that have collapsed after
burning their fuel. He showed that the mass of such stars had to be less than 1.4 solar
masses otherwise they would continue to contract. He made systematic study of stability
in stars and discovered two types of instability and of black holes. In 1983, he was the
winner of the Nobel Prize with W.A. Fowler.

3. Aryabhata: The great astronomer Aryabhata was born in 476 BC in Kerala. He was the
first to deduce that the earth is round and rotates on its own axis and also declared that
solar and lunar eclipse occur because of the shadows cast by the earth and moon
respectively. He was the first mathematician to give what was later known as the tables of
Sines and gave the value of (Pi = 3.1416). The first Indian satellite, Aryabhata, was
named after him.

4. Jagdish Chandra Bose (1858 1957): Pioneer modern experimentalist of the country,
Prof.Bose produced a compact apparatus for generation of electromagnetic waves and the
study of their quasi optical properties. He was the discoverer of wireless transmission and
shares the honour with Marconi. The originality and simplicity of his various apparatus
are its remarkable features. In his Plant Physiological Investigation, Bose started with the
assumption that in plants, as in animals, the underlying protoplasmic matter has the same
fundamental properties of irritability, contractility, conductivity and rhythmicity.

5. Homi Jehangir Bhabha (1909 1966): Prof. Bhabha made significant contributions in
theoretical high energy physics such as vector meson theory, Bhabha scattering and
propounded theory of cosmic ray showers by cascade production of gamma rays and
positive and negative electron pairs. He was the man behind the growth of atomic energy
establishments and is also known as the father of atomic energy in India.

6. Srinivasa Ramanujan (1889 1920): An outstanding mathematician of no parallel, was

an wizard of numbers. Ramanujan worked through the theorems of pure mathematics and
succeeded in establishing large number of original results in function theory, power
series, and number theory. Even today a large number of his theorems in number theory
are being formally proved.

7. Kariamanikkam Srinivasa Krishnan (1898 1961) : Prof. Krishnan, the Founder

Director of the National Physical Laboratory, (the host institute of India International
 Science Festival 2016) made excellent contributions in the area of scattering of light in
liquids, magnetic anisotropy of gaseous molecules and crystals, magnetic properties of
salts and rare earth and iron groups etc. His temperature distribution study of an
electrically heated wire led to several applications in electrical technology. His particular
role on temperature dependent diamagnetic susceptibility of graphite is regarded as a
pioneering experiment in modern magnetism. He was a co-worker of Prof. Raman in the
discovery of the Raman Effect.

8. Sir. Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman (1888 1970): Sir Ramans discovery made it
possible to map out the levels of possible energy gains of the molecules and atoms to the
substance and infer the details of molecular and atomic structure. He made excellent
contribution in molecular diffraction of light, mechanical theory of bowed strings and
diffraction of X-rays, theory of musical instruments and physics of crystals. In 1930, he
won the Nobel Prize for his discovery of the Raman Effect.

4. ACADEMIC PROGRAM SCHEDULE OF SCIENCE VILLAGE

DAY 1: 7TH DECEMBER 2016:

a. Inauguration of Science Village: 2.30 PM

b. Inauguration of individual houses: 4.00 PM
c. Visit to Mega Science Expo
d. Sky Watching and Laser show

DAY 2: 8th December 2016

Activity 10.00-12.30 hrs 12.30- 13.30-16.00 hrs 16.00- 18.00 hrs

13.30 17.30 hrs Onwards
hrs
SCI 1 2 3
SCI 2 3 4
EXPO 4 5
INSP/SBM 5 6 Popular Sky
Lunch
S/S 6 7 Talk Watching
KYC 7 8
LAB 8 1
FILM/SBM 1 2

a. SCI 1 : Hands on Science Experiments Activity 1

b. SCI 2 : Hands on Science Experiments Activity 2
c. EXPO : Visit to Science Expo
d. INSP/SBM : Visit to INSPIRE / Science behind miracle
e. S/S : Scientists- Students Interaction
f. KYC : Know Your Capital (Delhi Visit)
g. LAB : NPL Laboratory Visit
 h. FILM/SBM : Film Festival / Science behind miracle

DAY 3: 9th December 2016

Activity 10.00-12.30 hrs 12.30 - 13.30-16.00 hrs 16.00- 18.00 hrs

13.30 17.30 Onwards
hrs hrs
SCI 1 4 5
SCI 2 5 6
EXPO 6 7
INSP/
SBM 7 8 Popular Sky
Lunch
S/S 8 1 Talk Watching
KYC 1 2
LAB 2 3
FILM/ 3 4
SBM

a. SCI 1 : Hands on Science Experiments Activity 1

b. SCI 2 : Hands on Science Experiments Activity 2
c. EXPO : Visit to Science Expo
d. INSP/SBM : Visit to INSPIRE / Science behind miracle
e. S/S : Scientists- Students Interaction
f. KYC : Know Your Capital (Delhi Visit)
g. LAB : NPL Laboratory Visit
h. FILM/SBM : Film Festival / Science behind miracle

DAY 4: 10th December 2016

Activit 10.00-12.30 hrs 12.30- 13.30-16.00 hrs 16.00- 18.00 hrs

y 13.30 17.30 Onwards
hrs hrs
SCI 1 6 7
SCI 2 7 8
EXPO 8 1
INSP/ 1 2
SBM Popular Sky
Lunch
S/S 2 3 Talk Watching
KYC 3 4
LAB 4 5
FILM/ 5 6
SBM

a. SCI 1 : Hands on Science Experiments Activity 1

b. SCI 2 : Hands on Science Experiments Activity 2
c. EXPO : Visit to Science Expo
 d. INSP/SBM : Visit to INSPIRE / Science behind miracle
e. S/S : Scientists- Students Interaction
f. KYC : Know Your Capital (Delhi Visit)
g. LAB : NPL Laboratory Visit
h. FILM/SBM : Film Festival / Science behind miracle

DAY 5: 11th December 2016

Activity 10.00-12.30 hrs 12.30- 13.30-16.00 hrs

13.30 hrs
SCI 1 8
SCI 2 1
EXPO 2 Valedictory
INSP/ 3
SBM (Special Participation
Lunch
S/S 4 for Science Village
KYC 5 Teachers and Student
LAB 6 Delegates )
FILM/ 7
SBM

SCI 1 : Hands on Science Experiments Activity 1

SCI 2 : Hands on Science Experiments Activity 2
EXPO : Visit to Science Expo
INSP/SBM : Visit to INSPIRE / Science behind miracle
S/S : Scientists- Students Interaction
KYC : Know Your Capital (Delhi Visit)
LAB : NPL Laboratory Visit
FILM/SBM : Film Festival / Science behind miracle

5. BRIEFS OF VARIOUS ACTIVITIES OF THE SCIENCE VILLAGE

A . SCI 1: Hands on Science Experiments Activity 1

By Dr Ajay Mahajan, Latur/ Dr Brajesh Pandey, Pune / Dr R K Mitra, Lucknow

Interesting and thought provoking experiments on Physics will be conducted wherein students
will learn basic concepts of Physics. This activity also relies on learning by doing and group
activity.

Effect of Visual
It is a fact that learning from viewing an object is more stable in mind than just learning using some
theorem or mathematical formulae.
Scale Physics:
Reaction Time: We know that after sensing any event from our sense organs our mind takes some time to
act upon that, this time is called the reaction time. We will learn how to calculate our reaction time with
this simple demonstration. The distance travelled by a freely falling object can be used as a sensitive
measure of short time intervals.

Force:
How much is 1N? Newton is the SI unit of force. Though we use this unit from class 8 onwards and
spends years after year with this, a feel of how strong a Newton is, is not developed. This experiment is
designed to develop a feeling of 1 N force.

Archimedes principle:
The upward buoyant force that is exerted on a body immersed in a fluid, whether fully or
partially submerged, is equal to the weight of the fluid that the body displaces and it acts in the
upward direction at the centre of mass of the displaced fluid. In this demonstration we will learn
the relation in loss in weight and displaced liquid.

Weightlessness:
Weightlessness by slinky: An effect of acceleration due to gravity (g) is the extension in a slinky. As you
must have experienced, a slinky is like a spring but the turns are very flexible and even without a load, it
can extend to several times of its natural length under its own weight. If you hold few turns of a slinky in
your hand and let the rest of it hang from there, the hanging part also extends through large distances.
This extension again is because of g. If the effect of g can be reduced to zero, the slinky in a vertical
position will not extend.

Centre of gravity:
Win hundred rupee note: For rotational equilibrium, the net torque acting on the body should be zero. For
bodies kept on a plane surface, this condition is achieved when the vertical line through the centre of mass
passes through the area of contact.

Friction:
Key cup experiment: This is an eye catching demonstration which gives an insight into many concepts of
physics like friction, connected motion, vertical circle.

Air Pressure:
Burning needs oxygen: Air contains oxygen and burning needs oxygen. This statement can be supported
by this demo experiment. Burn the candle and cover with glass tumbler, as soon as oxygen in glass
tumbler finished the candle goes off.

Hole at bottom of bottle with cap (when water fall): If a hole is made in a water bottle with its cap open,
water goes out through the hole. The speed at which water goes out depends on the height of the open
water surface above the hole. This is a well-known principle. In this experiment, a situation is created
which needs a careful analysis before applying this principle.

Bernoullis Principle:
Blow air in a polythene bag: This is a very interesting demonstration which is thoroughly enjoyed by the
audience. It is based on the Bernoullis principle. A consequence of this principle is that if the velocity of
a fluid in a region is high (or low), the pressure in that region correspondingly becomes low (or high)
Sound and Waves:
Resonance in pendulum by hand: Some times in a movie we see that when an opera singer sings, the glass
in her hand shatters. Also at times when we close the door, the window panes in the room start rattling.
The phenomenon governing the above events is resonance. When the frequency of the opera singer (or
closing door) matches with the frequency of the glass (or window), resonance occurs. In this
demonstration we show this phenomenon of resonance.

Vision:
Drop coin in beaker with eye closed: This demonstration is to show that the depth can only be seen if
second eye is open.

Light:
Total Internal Reflection (TIR) with water (Dettol Bottle-laser): When light goes from a denser medium
to a rarer medium, and the angle of incidence is larger than a critical value, called critical angle, whole of
the light will get reflected at the surface. If the angle of incidence is smaller than the critical angle, part of
the light is reflected and part of it is refracted. In this inexpensive demo we show the light paths as the
medium changes and hence all phenomena on refraction can be visually seen. It is very simple and widely
appreciated.

Single slit diffraction: When a monochromatic light passes through a narrow slit, a diffraction pattern is
formed on the screen placed on the other side of the slit. In this demonstration we will
Make a single slit of width few hundred microns by mounting two half pieces of shaving blades side by
side. Fix this single slit in a vertical position. Put on laser torch and adjust so that light passes through the
empty space. The direction of the laser should be perpendicular to the slit. Observe the light falling on the
wall.

Heat and Thermodynamics:

Clouds in a bottle: Place a splash (1 teaspoon) of water into the plastic bottle. Light the match and make
sure it is burning well, then drop it into the bottle. Quickly screw the cap on, and squeeze the bottle with
your hand five or six times (for larger bottles you may have to do it slightly more). You should see a
cloud form in the bottle, and then magically disappear when you squeeze it.

Electrostatics:
Dancing straws Coulomb force: As we know, by rubbing or induction electric charge can be produced.
By combing your hair you must have tried to attract small pieces of paper. You must also know that
charges are of two types - positive charge and negative charge. Like charges repel while unlike charges
attract each other. We shall see this with the help of an interesting experiment.

Electro Magnetic Induction:

A magnet falling through conducting tube: When a magnet falls through a conducting tube, changing
magnetic field is produced in the volume of the tube. Not only field is different at different places in the
tube, it is also changing with time at any given place. Taking the long axis of the tube along the z axis, the
field change is largely in z direction. A field changing in z direction produces electric field in the
circumferential direction. The electric field lines are circular, coaxial with the z axis. This field drives an
electric current in the circumferential direction. The energy is lost in joule heating and this comes from
the mechanical energy of the falling magnet. The magnet thus experiences an upward force slowing it
down. The magnet takes an extraordinarily long time to fall through the tube.

B . SCI 2: Hands on Science Experiments Activity 2

 Experiments on Chemistry will be conducted where students will learn the basic concepts
of Chemistry. (Teacher guidance: Students are required to be seated at their places during t
his experiment to avoid any direct contact with the chemicals.)

1) Jumping Balls
In this experiment we are preparing a crazy ball from simple chemicals.
Requirements:
1. Saturated solution of Borax powder
2. Poly vinyl alcohol solution or artificial gum

Method:
Take borax solution in plastic tea cup. Add artificial gum to it and stir it well for 5 min or till jelly
like material is produced. Take out jelly like material from the glass and slowly roll on your palm
for few min.

Precaution:
Wash your hands after the ball is produced

2) Indicator Magic
Chemistry plays an important role in producing colours. Various indicators are used in chemical
analysis to indicate medium whether acidic or basic.
Indicators selected for the experiment are colourless in acidic medium and have different colours
in basic medium

Requirement:
NaOH solution or flex around, HCl solution concentrated which can be diluted as per requirement
and indicators Phenolphthalein, M Nitrophenol and Thymophthaleine ( LOBA chemicals)

Method: Prepare a very dilute solution of NaOH in water and divide it into three transparent
plastic water glasses add pinch of each indicator to the separate glasses and stir. Here
different colours will appear. Then add dilute HCl given in beaker drop by drop to
decolorize solutions.
Add concentrated solution of NaOH to each. The colours will reappear.

Precaution: Handle chemicals carefully as acid and NaOH are corrosive

3) Milk from Water

Water can be converted in to milk like solution.
Requirements: Bismuth Carbonate, Conc HCl and small water bottles.
Method: Prepare a solution of Bismuth carbonate in little concentrated HCl. Take water in
transparent plastic glass. Add little above solution to it and shake. Water will become milky.

Precaution: Handle acid carefully.

4) Luminol Magic
Luminol is known as Chemi-luminescent. It produces light when chemical reaction is carried out
Requirement: NaOH, Hydrogen peroxide 20% Luminol, Potassium Ferricyanide.
Prepare alkaline solution of luminol and add Hydrogen peroxide to it. Then add Potassium
Ferricyanide and shake.

5) Oscillation reaction
In chemistry there are several reactions which can be reversed easily by changing experimental
conditions slightly.
Requirements: Glucose, NaOH pellets, Methylene blue indicator and empty plastic bottle.
Method: Take approximately 100 ml water in plastic bottle. Add about 5 pellets of NaOH and
dissolve them. Add one spoon of glucose to it and stir. When glucose dissolves completely add
one drop of Methylene blue indicator.

Precaution: NaOH is corrosive so do not touch

6) Cut less wound

Ammonium thiocyanate and ferric chloride react with each other to produce blood red colour.
This can be shown interesting way.
Requirements: Ferric chloride solution, Ammonium thiocyanate solution and potassium Ferro
cyanide solution, Glass rod, piece of filter paper.
Method.
Apply little ferric chloride solution to clean part of hand. Then put a drop of ammonium
thiocyanate to it. Blood like colour appears. But if potassium ferro cyanide is dropped the blue
colouration will appear.

7) Balloon inflating
Requirements: Small balloons, plastic bottle with stopper, Vinegar solution,
Method: Take small quantity of vinegar in plastic bottle and add bicarbonate to it. Immediately
put open end of a balloon to mouth of bottle and wait.

C . EXPO: Visit to Science Exhibition on science and technology

Science & Technology labs, institutions, research organisations will be showcasing their equip
ment, models and gadgets at the Mega Science Expo. ISRO, Defence forces, Research instituti
ons of DRDO and CSIR will participate in the expo.

D . INSP/SBM: Visit to INSPIRE / Science behind miracle

INSPIRE stands for Innovation in Science Pursuit for Inspired Research. It is an innovative
program sponsored and managed by Department of Science and Technology for identification
and attraction of talent to science. Its basic objective is to communicate to the youth of the
country the excitements of creative pursuit of science, to attract talent to the study of science at
 an early age and thus build the required critical human resource pool for strengthening and
expanding the Science and Technology systems through research and development base.
Students will get an opportunity to interact and see the science projects developed by school
students who have won state awards. Student winners from all the 29 States and 7 Union
Territories will participate and exhibit their projects in the INSPIRE Pavilion of IISF-2016.
Science behind miracle will be an experimental session where the concepts of certain
scientific experiments that is visually presumed as miracle is explained conceptually to the
students.

E . KYC: Know Your Capital (Delhi Visit)

In this activity the Student Delegate and the Teachers would get an opportunity to have a
glimpse of New Delhi, the Capital of India. This would be a lifetime experience for those who
are visiting New Delhi for the first time

F . LAB: NPL Laboratory Visit

Students and teachers will get an opportunity to visit the NPL laboratory and see the working
models of cutting edge research in the field of science and technology.

G . FILM/SBM: Film Festival / Science Behind Miracle

Films on science popularisation, science and technology will be shown to the students. Film ba
sed communication is a very dynamic tool for popularising science. Science behind miracle wi
ll be an experimental session where the concepts of certain scientific experiments that is visual
ly presumed as miracle is explained conceptually to the students.

6. . ADVISORIES
a. WEATHER AND CLOTHING:
All Teachers and Student Delegates are required to carry winter creams, lip guards,
sufficient woolen clothes like thermal wears and sweaters, muffler and monkey cap. The
minimum temperature in New Delhi during the program is expected to be around 7
degree Celsius. You are also requested to carry sufficient clothings, blankets, first aid
materials and medicines for use during train journey and the Science Festival.

b. FIRE AND SAFETY:

All Teachers and Student Delegates should inform the organizers and volunteers in case
of any instance of fire or any instance that could cause fire. This is for the safety of all the
delegates attending the India International Science Festival 2016.

c. VALUABLES:
Student Delegates are advised not to carry any valuables like jewelries, laptops etc. All
students need to safe keep their mobile phones and cash. Teachers are required to ensure
that each student should carry a lock to secure his/her belongings.

7. DUTIES OF THE ACCOMPANYING TEACHER AND STUDENT DELEGATES

a. All Teachers and Students are required to take instructions from the house coordinators
and volunteers at all times. This would ensure your personal safety and success of the
Science Village.
b. All Teachers and Students should stay within the Science festival venue and place of
accommodation throughout the program. At no point of time should they leave their
premises.
c. All the Teachers should ensure that they share their mobile numbers with their students
and volunteers incharge of accommodation and transportation.
d. The Science Village Program has student delegates and teachers participating from all
over India and have been nominated by their respective Member of Parliament, just like
you. India is a nation with great cultural and social diversity. The cultural and social
behavior is different from one place to another. This is why India is a nation with Unity
in Diversity. All Student Delegates and Teachers should use this rare opportunity to
interact with Scientists, other Student Delegates and Teachers during their leisure time
and try to realize the diverse societal fabric of Bharat. More importantly, one can learn
from other students and teachers about:
- the state that they belong to, the name of their Member of Parliament and Chief
Minister etc.
- the languages spoken by them
- the various festivals of their respective places
- their food habits etc.

One should also try to learn a few terms and sentences in as many languages as
possible during the Science Festival. You can always use Hindi and English to talk with
each other.

At the same time, it is very important for every student delegate and teacher to
understand this diversity and respect others culture. At no point of time during
interaction should a student delegate tease or hurt the feelings of another student delegate.
This should be ensured by the teachers accompanying the group. Teachers are requested
to seek the help of volunteers who are available in the places of accommodation and the
venue whenever necessary in this regard.