Go, Troy Justin G.

2017 45007

Aspekto Mga Pagbabago, Patakaran, at Polisiya Mga Personalidad Epekto sa Pamayanang

Katutubo
(American Period)
Politics 1. Militarized Government Militarized Government: -The Benevolent
(Pamamahala) - Benevolent Assimilation 1. General Elwell Otis Assimilation proclamation
- Negros Constitution 2. Jacob Schurmann agitated the masses
- Schurmann Commission which resulted to a series
- Involvement of Filipino elite in the central Negros Constitution: of uprising
government 1. Juan Araneta -The elites readiness to
- American teachers and missionaries involved in 2. Jose Luzuriaga accept colonialism
schools, religious missions, and medical work 3. Leandro Locsin hindered the pursuit of
- Use of local datus and leaders to promote social 4. Demetrio Larena the masses in the
services 5. Agustin Montilla redistribution of resources
- Reorientation of Mindanao due to economic interests
2. Democratic Government Filipino elites: -The Bates Treaty
- Change from American to Filipino majority in the 1. Gregorio Araneta neutralized the Muslims in
Philippine Commission and Council of State and 2. Benito Legarda their drive to pacify the
Board of Control Christian Filipinos
- Civil Service had become seventy percent Filipino Democratic Government: -The Carpenter-Kiram
- Jones Law demanded a bicameral legislature and 1. President Woodrow Wilson Agreement divested the
gave the legislative power to the Filipinos 2. Governor-General Francis Burton Sultan of all his political
- Municipal government was under Filipino control Harrison power and prerogative;
- Substantial Filipino participation in judiciary since the 3. Major General Leonard Wood and emphasized total
creation of Supreme Court 4. Governor-General W. Cameron Forbes sovereignty of the United
3. Commonwealth Government States over all the
- National Defense Act (Set up Philippine defense Commonwealth Government: territory of the Sultanate
system army and navy) 1. President Manuel L. Quezon in all aspects
- Social Justice Program on labor and tenancy 2. Vice-President Sergio Osmea -The democratic
(Emancipating him from conditions that make it administrations
possible for the rich and powerful to take advantage Treaties/Agreements: filipinization fitted into the
of him) 1. Bates Treaty overall scheme of colonial
- National Relief Administration (Coordinate relief - General John C. Bates rule
activities of the government) - Raja Muda
- National Council of Education on primary and adult - Datu Attik
education - Datu Calbi
- National Language (Adoption of Tagalog) - Datu Joakanain
2. Carpenter-Kiram Agreement
Campaigns for Independence: - Sultan Jamalul Kiram
-Creation of Commission of Independence - Governor Frank W. Carpenter
 -Fairfield Bill (Autonomy of the Philippines)
-Bacon Bill (Autonomy of Mindanao, Sulu, and Palawan)
-Supreme National Council (Uniting all Filipino political parties
to fight for Philippine independence)
-Hare-Hawes-Cutting Act (10-year service of Commonwealth
as a transition government)
-Jones Act

Treaties/Agreements:
-Bates Treaty
-Carpenter-Kiram Agreement

-Branches of Government: Legislative, Executive, and Judiciary

-Bicameral Assembly: Senate, and House of Representatives
Economic Acts: Payne-Aldrich Act: -Philippine foreign trade
(Pangkabuhayan) -Payne-Aldrich Act (Two-way free trade except for generous -Sereno E. Payne rose to unheard-of
quotas on sugar and tobacco) -Senator Nelson W. Aldrich proportions
-Underwood-Simmons Tariff Act (Abolished the quota -Domestic trade
limitations on Philippine export products) Underwood-Simmons Tariff Act: developed
-Bell Trade Act (Specifying policy on US-Philippine Trade) -Oscar W. Underwood -It endangered the
-Philippine Currency Act political independence of
Bell Trade Act: the country because of
Other developments: -Congressman C. Jasper Bell our foreign dependence
-Establishment of American Bank and Philippine Postal Saving for economic needs
Bank Philippine Currency Act: -Because of the
-Factories such as textile and cigar and cigarette factories -Melencio Figueroa (Designer of barya) restrictions, surplus
multiplied. products could no longer
-Sawmills, coconut oil mills, cordage factories, fishing and fish- enter American markets
canning, alcohol distilleries, and sugar centrals were free of duty and Filipinos
established. had a difficult time
-Mining became the backbone of Philippine economy. looking for other foreign
markets
-The effect of Philippine-
American free trade
relations was place of
Philippine economy at the
mercy of the Americans
-There was an extreme
competition in the market
for Filipinos
-The limitation on trade
was abolished
Social 1. System of Public Education Bureau of Education: -There was an increase in
(Panlipunan) - Emphasis on democratic traditions and practical -Dr. David Barrows (First director) Filipino literacy
application of laws and principles -Infant mortality and the
- First public school teachers were Thomasites (S.S. Other notable names: incidence of malaria and
Thomas) -George P. Andreson other diseases were
- University of the Philippines -Juan F. Nakpil reduced considerably by
- Establishment of Bureau of Education -Governor-General William Howard Taft the introduction of new
2. Public Health and Welfare -Lieutenant George P. Andreson methods of prevention
- Introduction of a scientific program of public health (Superintendent of Philippine schools) and treatment
and welfare -Vocational training given
- Bureau of Health and Central Council of Vaccination to the orphans and
(Guard the health of people) juvenile delinquents
- Board of Public Health (Intensified campaign for resulted in their moral
improved public health) and physical rehabilitation
- Building facilities for human misery and misfortune -The salt-and-rice
(Asylum for the orphans and insane) tradition was replaced by
a balanced diet which
resulted in physical
robustness.
Cultural 1. Literature Pioneer writers: -There was a shift in
(Pangkalingan) - Adoption of American words and phrases in the 1. Juan F. Salazar trends particularly in
national language 2. Justo Juliano food, fashion, music and
- Translation of English phrases into the national 3. Bernardo Garcia dance.
language 4. Maximo Kalaw -Colonial mentality was
- The use of English as medium of instruction evident because of the
- The development of Filipino literature in English Second generation writers: presence of American
2. Religion 1. Carlos Romulo products that continue to
- The spread of Protestantism 2. Vicente Hilario divert the attention of the
- Iglesia Filipina Independiente Filipinos from their own
- Aglipayan or Philippine Independent Church Writers from University of the Philippines: culture.
- Iglesia ni Kristo 1. Federico Mangahas -The spread of
3. General culture 2. Salvador Lopez Protestantism resulted in
- Rise of advocacies on gender rights and welfare 3. Francisco Arcellana the difference in values
(Particularly womens rights) 4. Maria Kalaw from the Catholics.
- Addition of dances (Walts, Tango, Salsa, Boogie, etc.) -Due to the continued
- Trend of Jazz and Rock music Philippine Independent Church: increase in American
- Canned goods and American food 1. Isabelo de los Reyes (Founder of the influence, there is partial
- Trends in fashion church) loss of racial heritage.
- Shift from conservative to liberal culture 2. Bishop Maximo Gregorio Aglipay (Head
of the church)

Other notable people:

 -C.B. Randall (Shared the first copy of
Protestant bible)
-Reverend Jorge Barlin (First Filipino bishop)
-Most Reverend Gabriel Reyes (First Filipino
Archbishop)
Technological Transportation: Manila-Dagupan Railway Company: -The development of
(Teknolohiya) -Establishment of Manila Electric Company (MERALCO) 1. Don Edmundo Skyes of the Ferrocarril de transportation in the
-Establishment of Manila-Dagupan Railway Company Manila-Dagupan country is due to the self-
-Development of water transportation (Ports for domestic 2. Don Carlos E. Bertodano interest of Americans in
shipping) increasing their
-Increased vehicles such as cars, trucks, and motorcycles Manila Electric Company (MERALCO): importation in the
-Establishment of China Clipper or Philippine Airlines 1. Charles M. Swift (Granted permission to country.
franchise) -There will no longer be
Communication: divergence between the
-Development of telephone lines and radio-telephone services center of trade, Manila,
-Establishment of mail offices and its surrounding
provinces in the
Philippines.
-Domestic trade will
increase and becomes
more accessible.
Environmental Agriculture: Bureau of Agriculture: -There is improvement in
(Pangkalikasan) -Bureau of Agriculture 1. Adriano Hernandez (First Filipino to agricultural production
-Establishment of irrigation system become the head) because of the
-Increase in plantation and agricultural production establishment of irrigation
system.
Health and Sanitation: -Farmers are able to plant
-Establishment of sewage system more without worries of
insufficient water.