Problem 2.

17 At an operating frequency of 300 MHz, a lossless 50- air-spaced

transmission line 2.5 m in length is terminated with an impedance ZL = (40 + j20) .
Find the input impedance.
Solution: Given a lossless transmission line, Z0 = 50 , f = 300 MHz, l = 2.5 m,
and ZL = (40 + j20) . Since the line is air filled, up = c and therefore, from
Eq. (2.48),
2 300 106
= = = 2 rad/m.
up 3 108
Since the line is lossless, Eq. (2.79) is valid:

ZL + jZ0 tan l (40 + j20) + j50 tan (2 rad/m 2.5 m)
Zin = Z0 = 50
Z0 + jZL tan l 50 + j(40 + j20) tan (2 rad/m 2.5 m)
= 50 [(40 + j20) + j50 0] 50 + j(40 + j20) 0
= (40 + j20) .
Problem 2.37 On a lossless transmission line terminated in a load ZL = 100 ,
the standing-wave ratio was measured to be 2.5. Use the Smith chart to fin the two
possible values of Z0 .
Solution: Refer to Fig. P2.52. S = 2.5 is at point L1 and the constant SWR
circle is shown. zL is real at only two places on the SWR circle, at L1, where
zL = S = 2.5, and L2, where zL = 1/S = 0.4. so Z01 = ZL /zL1 = 100 /2.5 = 40
and Z02 = ZL /zL2 = 100 /0.4 = 250 .

0.12 0.13
0.11 0.14
0.38 0.37 0.15
0.1 0.39 0.36
90
0.4 100 80 0.35 0.1
.09 6
1.0
0
0.9

1.2
70 0.3
0.8

0.4
1 110 4
0.1

1.4
8
0.7

0.0 7
2 Yo) 0.3

1.6
0.4 0 jB/ 60 3
12 E (+
0.6

.07 NC 0.1
TA 8

1.8
0 EP 0.2 0.3
3 SC
0.4 SU 2

2.0
0 VE 50
0.5

13 TI
CI
06

0.
PA

19
0.

CA
44

0.
31
0.

R
,O 0.4
4
0. o)
/Z
0

40
5

14

0.2
0.0

jX
(+
5

0.3
0.4

3.0
EN

0.6
N
PO
4

0.2
OM

0.3
0.0

0.2
0

1
30
0.4
15

EC

0.8

9
>

4.0
NC
R

TA
TO

1.0
AC

0.22
ERA
0.47

0.28
5.0
E

1.0
R
GEN

0.2
IVE
160

20
UCT

8
0.
ARD

IND

0.23
TOW

0.48

0.27
0.6

ANG
GTHS

10

LE OF
170

0.1
0.4
0.0 > WAVELEN

0.24
0.49

0.26
REFLECTION
20
0.2
50
0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

10

20

50
L2 L1
0.25

0.25
180
< 0.0

RESISTANCE COMPONENT (R/Zo), OR CONDUCTANCE COMPONENT (G/Yo)

50 COEFFICIENT IN
0.2
RD LOAD

20
0.24
0.49

0.26
0

0.4
DEGR
-17

0.1
TOWA

10
EES
0.23

0.6
THS
0.48

0.27
Yo)
G

/
N

8
0.
j
E

(-
-160
VEL

-20
CE

0.2
N

0.22
1.0
A

5.0
TA
0.47

0.28
W

EP
<

1.0
SC
SU

4.0
E

0.8
4

0.2
0

-30
V
.0

-15

TI
6

0.2
0

1
0.4

0.3
C

9
DU
IN

0.6
R

3.0
,O
5

0.2
0.0

o)
5

0.3
Z
0.4

-4
X/
4
-1

4
0. (-j
T 0.4
EN
06

0.
19

N
0.

PO
44

0.
31

M
0.

O -5
EC 30
0.5

-1 0
2.0

NC 7 0.1
TA 0.0 8
AC 0.3
1.8

RE 3 0.2
IVE 0.4 2
0.6

IT 0 -60
AC -12 0.08
0.1
1.6

CAP 7
0.3
0.7

.4 2 3
1.4

0 0.1
9 -70
-110
0.8

0.0 6
1.2
0.9

1.0

1 0.3
0.1 0.4 -100 -80 0.15 4
-90
0.11 0.14 0.35
0.4 0.12 0.13
0.39 0.36
0.38 0.37

Figure P2.37: Solution of Problem 2.37.

Problem 2.38 A lossless 50- transmission line is terminated in a load with
ZL = (50 + j25) . Use the Smith chart to fin the following:
(a) The reflectio coefficien .
(b) The standing-wave ratio.
(c) The input impedance at 0.35 from the load.
(d) The input admittance at 0.35 from the load.
(e) The shortest line length for which the input impedance is purely resistive.
(f) The position of the firs voltage maximum from the load.
 0.12 0.13
0.11 0.14
0.38 0.37 0.15
0.1 0.39 0.36
90
0.4 100 80 0.35 0.1
r
9
0.0 6

1.0
0.9

1.2
70 0.3

0.8
0.41 110 4
0.1

1.4
8

0.7
0.0 7
) 0.3
2 /Yo

1.6
0.4 0 60 3
12 (+jB

0.6
CE 0.1
0.0
7 AN 8

1.8
PT 0.2
.43 SCE 0.3
2
0 SU

2.0
0 VE 50

0.5
13 TI
CI
06

0.
PA
0.106

19
0.

CA
44

0.
31
0.

R
,O 0.4
4
0. o)
/Z
0

40
5

14

0.2
0.0

jX
(+
5

0.3
0.4

3.0
EN

0.6
N
PO
4

0.2
OM

0.3
0.0

0.2
0

1
30
0.4
15

EC

0.8

9
>

4.0
NC
R

TA
TO

1.0
AC

0.22
ERA
0.47

0.28
5.0
E

1.0
R
GEN

0.2
IVE
160

20
UCT

8
0.
ARD

IND

0.23
TOW

0.48

0.27
0.6

ANG
Z-LOAD
GTHS

10

LE OF
170

0.1
0.4
0.0 > WAVELEN

0.24
0.49

0.26
REFLECTION
20
0.2
50
0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

10

20

50
SWR

0.25

0.25
180
< 0.0

COEFFICIENT IN
Z-IN 50
RESISTANCE COMPONENT (R/Zo), OR CONDUCTANCE COMPONENT (G/Yo)
0.2
RD LOAD

20

0.24
0.49

0.26
0

0.4

DEGR
-17

0.1
TOWA

10

EES
0.23
0.6
THS
0.48

0.27
Yo)
G

/
N

8
0.
j
E

(-
-160
VEL

-20
CE

0.2
N

0.22
1.0
A

5.0
TA
0.47

0.28
W

EP
<

1.0
SC
SU

4.0
E

0.8
4

0.2
0

-30
V
.0

-15

TI
6

0.2
0

1
0.4

0.3
C

9
DU
IN

0.6
R

3.0
,O
5

0.2
0.0

o)
5

0.3
Z
0.4

-4
X/
4
-1

0
4
0. (-j
T 0.4
EN
06

0.
19
N
0.

PO
44

0.
31
M
0.

O -5
EC 30
0.5

-1 0
2.0

NC 7 0.1
TA 0.0 8
AC 0.3
1.8

RE 3 0.2
VE 0.4 2
0.350
0.6

C ITI 0 -60 0.1

A -12 0.08
1.6

CAP 7
0.3
0.7

2
0.4 3
1.4

9 -70 0.1
-110
0.8

0.0 6
1.2
0.9

1.0

1 0.3
0.1 0.4 -100 -80 0.15 4
-90
0.11 0.14 0.35
0.4 0.12 0.13
0.39 0.36
0.38 0.37

Figure P2.53: Solution of Problem 2.53.

Solution: Refer to Fig. P2.53. The normalized impedance

(50 + j25)
zL = = 1 + j0.5
50
is at point Z-LOAD.

(a) = 0.24e j76.0 The angle of the reflectio coefficien is read of that scale at
the point r .
(b) At the point SW R: S = 1.64.
(c) Zin is 0.350 from the load, which is at 0.144 on the wavelengths to generator
scale. So point Z-IN is at 0.144 + 0.350 = 0.494 on the WTG scale. At point
Z-IN:
Zin = zin Z0 = (0.61 j0.022) 50 = (30.5 j1.09) .
 (d) At the point on the SWR circle opposite Z-IN,

yin (1.64 + j0.06)

Yin = = = (32.7 + j1.17) mS.
Z0 50
(e) Traveling from the point Z-LOAD in the direction of the generator (clockwise),
the SWR circle crosses the xL = 0 line firs at the point SWR. To travel from
Z-LOAD to SWR one must travel 0.250 0.144 = 0.106 . (Readings are on the
wavelengths to generator scale.) So the shortest line length would be 0.106 .
(f) The voltage max occurs at point SWR. From the previous part, this occurs at
z = 0.106 .