Soft Palate

Uvula

Median
Sulcus of
tongue
 Hallux
Auditory ossicles semicircular canals
Stapes cochlea
Incus
Malleus cochlear nerve

Antihelix

Tympanic membrane
(eardrum)

External acoustic meatus Stapes footplate

Round Covering oval window
Window
Eustachian tube
Tympanic
cavity
Lobule of auricle

Ear drum Labyrint Ossicular chain

Malleus Superior canal Lateral process

Incus Posterior canal Apex incus

Lateral process Anterior

of malleus Process

Pars tensa lateral Cochlea Stapes

Canal
Umbo Oval window Round window Malleus

Normal Ear drum Perforation of Ear drum Otorrhea Otitis media effusion Miringitis Otomycosis

Middle and inner ear

2. The auditory ossicle vibrate and the
Footplate of the stapes moves at the
Oval window
Hearing occurs when:
4. Fluid movement against the cochlear duct sets off
3. Movement of the oval window nerve impulses, which are carried to
causes the fluid inside the scala the brain via the cochlear nerve
Vestibuli and scala tympani to move

1. Sound vibrations Cochear nerve

strike the
eardrum
Cochlear duct

Scala vestibuli

Oval Round Scala tympani

Window window
 Frontal sinuses Frontal sinuses

Ethmoidal cells
Ethmoidal cells

Superior nasal concha Maxillary sinus

Middle nasal concha

Maxillary sinus Hard palate

Nasal septum Tongue

Inferior nasal concha

Hyoid bone
Thyrohyoid membrane Hyoid bone
Epiglottis
Thyroid cartilage
Thyroid cartilage
Trachea

Epistaksis Deviated Nasal Septum Polyp Nasi Rinitis Rinorrhea

Middle nasal concha (turbinate)

Middle nasal meatus

Bulging septum
Lateral Wall of Nose Inferior nasal concha (turbinate) Septum of Nose
Inferior nasal meatus
Olfactory bulb Floor of nasal cavity
Crista Galli
Olfactory nerves Cribriform plate
Perpendicular plate Nasal bone
Superior nasal concha of ethmoid
Superior nasal Lateral nasal
Meatus Middle nasal concha Vomer cartilage

Middle nasal Inferior nasal Choanae

Meatus concha Major
alar
cartilage
Nasal
vestibuli Septal cartilage
Palatine
Bone Anterior nasal
Maxilla spine
Inferior nasal meatus
 Soft palate Palatoglossus arch

Palatine tonsil
Uvula

Median sulcus
Of tongue

Acute tonsillitis Chronic Tonsillitis Oral Candidiasis Singers nodule Juvenile laryngeal papilloma

Larynx

Epiglottis Root of tongue

Laryngeal inlet
(aditus)
vestibular Vestibular
Thyroid cartilage folds

Vocal Trachea
folds
Esophagus
Cricoid cartilage

Trachea Inspiration Phonation

Posterior view