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1PT Perkebunan Nusantara III, Jalan Sei Batang Hari No. 2 Medan 20122
2Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Sumatera Utara
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ABSTRACT
Natural rubber is one of the agricultural commodities that provide significant benefits for
both the international scope and especially for Indonesia. Indonesia's natural rubber industry
contributes very real as a foreign exchange earner for the country, the source of income of millions
of farmers, an essential raw material for various industries and have the ability to preserve the
environment. Area of land owned rubber Indonesia today is the largest in the world. However, the
productivity of rubber in Indonesia the average was still low and the quality of the rubber
produced is also relatively low compared to Thailand and Malaysia. PTP-Nusantara III (Persero)
currently (in 2010) has a nucleus (area HGU) 179,529.92 hectares with oil palm plant composition
131,425.00 hectares or 73% and rubber covering 48104.92 hectares or 27% and garden plasma
(PIR) covering an area of 20303.78 hectares. South Tapanuli district as one of the areas of work-
PTP Nusantara III (Persero) has two (2) garden namely Batang Toru Hapesong with total area of
5142.32 acres of plants, consisting of rubber as a commodity commodity most dominant (an area
of 3965.52 ha ) and palm oil (1,176.80 Ha). In an effort to increase the productivity of rubber
plantations-PTP Nusantara III (Persero), especially in the region of South Tapanuli faces several
problems the chain determinants of productivity of rubber plantations include: the effect of
production, the influence of rainfall, the number of trees tapped, and the amount of taxation . The
purpose of this study are: 1) to determine the factors that affect the productivity of rubber trees
planted in 1992, 1993 and 1994 2) to determine the significant factors affecting the productivity of
rubber plantations and 3) Knowing the steps agronomic measures for increasing crop productivity
rubber in South Tapanuli District, PTP-Nusantara III (Persero). The results showed that the factors
that affect the productivity of rubber trees planted in 1992, is the amount assessed, the number of
trees and the amount of rainfall dideres. Factors affecting the productivity of planting rubber trees
in 1993 was the production, the amount of shelf penderes and the large number of trees. Factors
affecting the productivity of planting rubber trees in 1994 was the production and the number of
rainy days that occur.
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Agrica (Jurnal Aribisnis Sumatera Utara) Vol. 1 No.1/ Juli 2013 ISSN No:1979-8164
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Agrica (Jurnal Aribisnis Sumatera Utara) Vol. 1 No.1/ Juli 2013 ISSN No:1979-8164
Perkebunan karet juga menjadi ini lebih mengandalkan hutan alam sebagai
sumber keragaman hayati yang bermanfaat sumber utama kayu.
dalam pelestarian lingkungan, karena Luas lahan karet yang dimiliki
mampu menciptakan Rubber Forest Indonesia saat ini merupakan yang terluas
Plantation sekaligus mendukung di dunia. Perkembangan luas lahan karet di
program Clean Development Mechanism Indonesia dapat di lihat pada tabel 1.
(CDM). Tanaman karet berperan dalam Namun leas lahan yang ada ini tidak
penyerapan CO2 (carbon sequestration) dan diimbangi dengan produktivitas yang tinggi.
penghasil 02, pendukung konservasi lahan Produktivitas karet di Indonesia rata-rata
dan air (hidrologis), perbaikan struktur masih rendah dan mutu karet yang
tanah, serta mempertahankan biodiversity. dihasilkan juga tergolong rendah.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa Sedangkan Thailand dan Malaysia memiliki
kemampuan tanaman karet dalam produktivitas dan mutu yang lebih tinggi
menyerap CO2 adalah sekitar 7 (tujuh) ton dari Indonesia, sehingga saat ini mereka
CO2 per satu ton karet alam. Selain itu menguasai pasar karet internasional,
tanaman karet ke depan akan merupakan sedangkan Indonesia sementara ini masih
sumber kayu potensial yang dapat bertengger dilapis keduanya.
mensubstitusi kebutuhan kayu yang selama
Tabel 1. Luas Lahan dan Produksi Karet di Indonesia Tahun 2002 2009
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Tabel 2. Keuntungan Sebelum Pajak yang Diperoleh PTP-Nusantara III (Persero) dalam 5
Tahun Terakhir
Keuntungan Sebelum Pajak (Rp. 000.000,-)
No Komoditi
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
1 Karet 32,892.8 137,305.7 217,646.6 244,886.6 254,285.9
2 Klp. Sawit 373,547.2 280,740.3 207,025.2 781,032.1 963,902.6
PTPN - III 406,440.0 418,046.0 424,671.9 1,025,918.6 1,218,188.4
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Agrica (Jurnal Aribisnis Sumatera Utara) Vol. 1 No.1/ Juli 2013 ISSN No:1979-8164
Tabel 3. Hasil Pendugaan Model Analisis Produktivitas Tanaman Karet Di Distrik Tapanuli
Selatan PT.Perkebunan Nusantara III (Persero)
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