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Paraphrase Book 2017 by Ngoc Bach - Mini Version PDF
Paraphrase Book 2017 by Ngoc Bach - Mini Version PDF
Hi cc bn,
Tuy nhin, vic ny khng h d dng v thc s cha c mt sch hay ti liu no
vit chuyn v mng ny. Sch Paraphrase book 2017 ca mnh ra i nhm i su
gii quyt gip , cung cp cho cc bn mt lng t vng di do khc phc
im yu, kh khn khi paraphrase
Mc d y l gio trnh ch dnh ring cho lp offline Writing elite ca mnh (ti
liu ny s khng c bn public), nhng gip tt c cc bn ang t hc c
th t luyn n thi hiu qu. Mnh quyt nh public mini ebook phin bn rt gn
ca sch tt c cc bn c th download v v hc y
Chc cc bn hc tt !
-Ngc Bch-
You can try using different subjects to make your writing more flexible. For example,
instead of saying the number of people who learn English increased in 1950s, you can say
that in the 1950s, more people tended to learn English than in the past.
It is very important to note that the words and expressions below are not lists of synonyms.
A few examples are given here, but look for these expressions when you are reading, to see
how they are used. To take just one example: made = produced sometimes, but not all the
time. We can say that Rice is produced in India, but we cannot say that Rice is made in
India. In other words, always notice how and when words and expressions can be used.
You should also note that you can repeat key words from the task 1 diagram in your
report, but try to avoid doing this too often. If you study the vocabulary, you will be able
to make the vocabulary and structure of your reports more varied.
+ The number of/ The figure for/ The proportion of/ The percentage of people who (relative
clause)
+ The number of/ The figure for people + V-ing/ (reduced relative clause)
+ There was an increase/ rise/ growth.in the number of noun + V-ing or V-ed
+ There was a decrease/ drop/ fall/ declinein the number ofnoun +V-ing or V-ed
Example:
+ In 1999, the proportion of people using the Internet in the USA was about 20%.
+ The figure for people who like to go to Mexico in the summer increased last year.
+ There has been a growth in the number of countries affected by drought this year.
+ The chart/ graph/ illustration/ map/ tableshows/ illustrates/ gives information about/ provides
information about/ compares
Example: The chart shows a change in the percentageof international students among university
graduates in different Canadian provinces between 2001 and 2006.
+ People tend to + V
Example:
+ In 2005, Internet usage in both the USA and Canada rose to around 70% of the population,
while the figure for Mexico reached just over 25%.
+ People in Britain spent just over 170,000 on photographic film, which is the highest figure
shown on the chart. By contrast, Germans were the lowest overall spenders, with roughly the
same figures (just under 150,000) for each of the six products.
+ Corn was the most popular food in Texas during the 60s.
+ The consumption of chocolate in the Middle East was higher than in India.
+ During the 1950s, the consumption of alcohol was highest in the USA, followed by Russia
and Germany.
+ People showed their preference for travelling to work by car, rather than by bus or train.
+ People have a tendency to shop in their neighborhood, which often benefits the local grocery
stores more than it does supermarkets.
- A period of time
+ between X and Y
+ from X to Y
Example:
+ In contrast, the divorce rate peaked in 1980, at nearly 1.5 million divorces, before falling
(back) to 1 million at the end of the period.
+ The bar chart compares the cost of an average house in five major cities over a period of 13
years from 1989.
+ London experienced by far the greatest changes in house prices over the 13-year period.
+ The First World War took place between 1914 and 1918.
+ During the 1950s, the US economy quickly developed, making it the biggest economy in the
world.
+ Many schools were founded over a period of 25 years from 1900 to 1925.
During the period shown in the graph, the quantity of ice cream consumed in Italy fell by about
25%.
- Age group
+ X - to Y-year-olds
+ X - to Y-year-old students
Example:
+ 12% of those aged between 14 and 16 years old were current smokers.
+ There was a fall in the number of 16-19 year olds studying in higher education in Greece.
+ People in their forties went to the cinema more frequently than elderly people.
+ While 60% of people who fell into the 30-50 age group owned at least one car, this proportion
fell to 40% among those who belonged to the 50-60 age group.
+ The period between 1980 and 1990 saw a dramatic increase in the number of youngsters and
people in early adulthood who had motorbikes.
- Spending
+ Verb (passive form): be spent on = be allocated for = be used for = be expended = be paid out
for
+ Around $800 per person was spent on IELTS books by Vietnamese consumers in 2017.
+ Germans were the lowest overall spenders, with roughly the same figures (just under
150,000) for each of the six products.
+ Among US consumers, in 1990 $1 billion was spent on clothes, while the expenditure on
holidays was almost double this figure.
+ Almost half of government spending was allocated for health and education.
- Consumption
Example:
+ The charts compare the amount of water used for agriculture, industry and homes around the
world, and water use in Brazil and the Democratic Republic of Congo.
+ We can also see that water consumption was considerably higher in Brazil than in the Congo.
+ The amount/The quantity of ice cream consumed fell from 5000 litres in 2004 to 3750 litres in
2007.
- Internet usage
+ the population who used the Internet = people who used the Internet = people using the
Internet = people who had access to the Internet = people accessing the Internet = Internet users
Example: :
+ Almost 100% of Canadians used the Internet, compared to about 80% of Americans and only
40% of Mexicans.
+ The chart shows that in 2002, 50 million people had access to the Internet in Russia, compared
with 70 million ten years later.
B TASK 2
1. In general
These are ways to paraphrase the most common words in IELTS Writing Task 2. [used for
every topic]
- A is a cause of B
+ A is a catalyst of B
+ A is the precursor of B
+ A correlates with B
+ A has/exerts an effect/impact/influence on B
Example: :
+ From 1960 to 2009 slow economic growth has made a contribution to the persistence of
poverty.
+ The hard work of the employees has made a great contribution to the companys success.
+ Strict penalties for drivers who break the law exert a great impact on the reduction in the
number of road accidents.
+ as a social responsibility
Example:
+ Voluntary work should be done as a community duty, not for individual gain.
+ Taking regular exercise is something that people ought to do for their own sake.
+ Taking a gap year before entering university is in ones own interest, provided that one uses
that time wisely.
+ The environmental movement stresses the importance of recycling for its social rather than
personal benefits.
Example: :
+ The whole global economy benefits enormously from reductions in energy consumption and
cost savings in industry processes.
+ The motor industry will be one of the first to enjoy the benefits of the recovery.
+ There are important benefits of walking for at least 30 minutes each day.
+ Most people enjoy jogging as well as deriving health benefits from this gentle exercise.
+ To fulfil a requirement/condition/obligation
Example: :
+ In many rural villages in Vietnam, the supply of underground water which has been in use for
hundreds of years, is now incapable of meeting the growing demand of the expanding
population.
+ Students must fulfil many requirements before going to college, hence the decrease in the
number of people getting educated.
+ The market had to satisfy the demand for rice of the consumers, which resulted in the growth
of production.
- To try
+ to make aneffort
+ to attempt
+ to struggle to do sth
+ to exert oneself
Example::
+ The government made every endeavor to help those affected by the earthquake.
Written by Ngoc Bach
Phin bn mini ca sch Paraphrase book 2017 by Ngoc Bach (Gio trnh lp Writing elite ) Page 9
+ The students struggled to do their homework.
+ In London, for example, the government has attempted to reduce traffic in the city by
introducing a congestion charge.
+ While there may be an element of luck in exams, students who apply themselves to their
coursework will generally achieve good grades.