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L-04 Analysis and Design of Two-Way Slab With Beams (B&W) PDF
L-04 Analysis and Design of Two-Way Slab With Beams (B&W) PDF
Lecture-04
Topics
Behavior
Practice Examples
References
1
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Behavior
25 25 25 25
20
20
20
Behavior
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Behavior
Behavior
Short
Direction
3
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Behavior
Long
Direction
Behavior
a = b
(5/384)wala4/EI = (5/384)wblb4/EI
4
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Moments: la
Mb,neg Mb,pos Ma,pos Mb,neg
Ma, neg = Ca, negwula2
Ma, pos, (dl + ll) = M a, pos, dl + M a, pos, ll = Ca, pos, dl wu, dl la2 + Ca, pos, ll wu, ll la2
Mb, pos, (dl + ll) = Mb, pos, dl + Mb, pos, ll = Cb, pos, dl wu, dl lb2 + Cb, pos, ll wu, ll lb2
5
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Cases
Depending on the support conditions, several cases are possible:
4 spans @ 25-0
3 spans @ 20-0
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali Reinforced Concrete Design II 11
Cases
Depending on the support conditions, several cases are possible:
4 spans @ 25-0
3 spans @ 20-0
6
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Cases
Depending on the support conditions, several cases are possible:
4 spans @ 25-0
3 spans @ 20-0
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali Reinforced Concrete Design II 13
Cases
Depending on the support conditions, several cases are possible:
4 spans @ 25-0
3 spans @ 20-0
7
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Note: Horizontal sides of the figure represents longer side while vertical side
represents shorter side.
Note: Horizontal sides of the figure represents longer side while vertical side
represents shorter side.
8
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Note: Horizontal sides of the figure represents longer side while vertical side
represents shorter side.
Note: Horizontal sides of the figure represents longer side while vertical side
represents shorter side.
9
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Note: Horizontal sides of the figure represents longer side while vertical side
represents shorter side.
Note: Horizontal sides of the figure represents longer side while vertical side
represents shorter side.
10
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Note: Horizontal sides of the figure represents longer side while vertical side
represents shorter side.
Calculate m = la/ lb
11
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
Given Data:
Service Dead Load
4 thick mud
fc = 3 ksi
fy = 40 ksi
12
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Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
Sizes
For two way slab system
hmin = perimeter / 180 = 2(la + lb)/180 A
A
For one way slab system
Slab
For 5 slab, span length l is min. of:
h
l = ln+ hf = 8 + (5/12) = 8.42
Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
Loads
5 inch Slab = 5/12 x 0.15 = 0.0625 ksf
13
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Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
Analysis
This system consist of both one way and two way slabs. Rooms
(two way slabs) are continuous with verandah (one way slab).
A system where a two way slab is continuous with a one way slab
or vice versa is called a mixed slab system.
Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
Analysis
The ACI approximate methods of analysis are not applicable to
such systems because:
In case of two way slabs, the moment coefficient tables are applicable
to two way slab system where a two way slab is continuous with a two
way slab.
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Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
Analysis
The best approach to analyze a mixed system is to use FE
software.
In the next slides, We will analyze this system using both of the
above mentioned methods.
Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
Ma,neg Ma,pos
Ma,pos
Ma,pos
Ma,neg
Ma,neg
Mver (+ve)
Two Way Slab Moments (ft-kip/ft) One Way Slab Moment (ft-kip/ft)
(Rooms) (Verandah)
Ma,pos Mb,pos Ma,neg Mb,neg Mver (+ve)
1.58 1.17 2.10 1.67 1.10
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Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
Ma,pos
Ma,pos
Ma,neg
Ma,neg
Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
16
Two-Way Slab Analysis
12 Case 4
Mb,pos Mb,neg
Case = 4
Ma,pos
Ca,neg = 0.076
Cb,neg = 0.024
Ca,posDL = 0.043
Cb,posDL = 0.013
Ca,posLL = 0.052
Cb,posLL = 0.016
16
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Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
16
Two-Way Slab Analysis
12 Case 4
Mb,pos Mb,neg
Case = 4
Ma,pos
m = la/lb = 12/16 = 0.75
Ma,neg
Ca,neg = 0.076
Cb,neg = 0.024
Ca,posDL = 0.043
Cb,posDL = 0.013
Ca,posLL = 0.052
Cb,posLL = 0.016
Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
16
Two-Way Slab Analysis
12 Case 4
Mb,pos Mb,neg
Case = 4
Ma,pos
Ca,neg = 0.076
Cb,neg = 0.024
Ca,posDL = 0.043
Cb,posDL = 0.013
Ca,posLL = 0.052
Cb,posLL = 0.016
17
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Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
16
Two-Way Slab Analysis
12 Case 4
Mb,pos Mb,neg
Case = 4
Ma,pos
m = la/lb = 12/16 = 0.75
Ma,neg
Ca,neg = 0.076
Cb,neg = 0.024
Ca,posDL = 0.043
Cb,posDL = 0.013
Ca,posLL = 0.052
Cb,posLL = 0.016
Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
16
Two-Way Slab Analysis
12 Case 4
Mb,pos Mb,neg
Case = 4
Ma,pos
Ca,neg = 0.076
Cb,neg = 0.024
Ca,posDL = 0.043
Cb,posDL = 0.013
Ca,posLL = 0.052
Cb,posLL = 0.016
18
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Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
16
Two-Way Slab Analysis
12 Case 4
Mb,pos Mb,neg
Case = 4
Ma,pos
m = la/lb = 12/16 = 0.75
Ma,neg
Ca,neg = 0.076
Cb,neg = 0.024
Ca,posDL = 0.043
Cb,posDL = 0.013
Ca,posLL = 0.055
Cb,posLL = 0.016
Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
16
Two-Way Slab Analysis
12 Case 4
Mb,pos
Calculating moments using ACI Coefficients: Mb,neg
Ma,pos
Ma, pos, (dl + ll) = M a, pos, dl + M a, pos, ll = Ca, pos, dl wu, dl la2 + Ca, pos, ll wu, ll la2
Mb, pos, (dl + ll) = Mb, pos, dl + Mb, pos, ll = Cb, pos, dl wu, dl lb2 + Cb, pos, ll wu, ll lb2
wu, dl = 0.147 ksf, wu, ll = 0.064 ksf, wu = 0.211 ksf Mb,pos = 0.76 ft-kip
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali Reinforced Concrete Design II 38
19
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Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
Mver(+ve)
Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
1/9 1/9
Simply Spandrel
Supported
1/14 1/24
Support
For negative moment above the long wall common
to rooms and veranda, maximum moment will be
picked from both analyses.
20
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Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
Ma,pos
Ma,pos
Type
Mb,pos Mb,neg Mb,pos
SAFE 2.10 1.67 1.58 1.17 1.10
Manual 2.31 1.3 1.39 0.76 0.96
Ma,neg
Ma,neg
Mver (+ve)
NOTE: All values are in ft-kip units
Hence the intelligent use of manual analysis yields fairly reasonable results in most cases.
Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
Therefore, for Mu values 18.60 in-k/ft, use As,min (#3 @ 10 c/c) & for Mu
values > 18.6 in-kip/ft, calculate steel area using trial & error procedure.
21
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Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
Using #3 @ 6 c/c
For Mb,neg = 1.29 ft-kip = 15.56 in-kip < 18.60 in-kip: Using #3 @ 10 c/c
For Ma,pos = 1.39 ft-kip = 16.67 in-kip < 18.60 in-kip: Using #3 @ 10 c/c
For Mb,pos = 0.76 ft-kip = 9.02 in-kip < 18.60 in-kip: Using #3 @ 10 c/c
16
12 Case 4
Mb,pos Mb,neg
Ma,pos
Ma,neg
Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
Supporting Bars
Supporting bars are provided to support negative reinforcement.
22
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Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
For #3 bars @ 15 c/c, As = (0.11/15) 12 = 0.09 in2. Hence using As,min = 0.12 in2
Mn = Asminfy(d a/2) = 0.9 0.12 40(4 (0.16/2)) = 16.94 in-kip > Mver (+ve)
Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
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Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
Therefore l = 16.75
Take h = 1.5 = 18
d = h 3 = 15
b = 12 16.375 16.375
ln = 16.375 0.5(12/12) = 15.875 ln = 16.375 0.5(12/12) = 15.875
Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
24
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Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
Verandah Beam
Design ln = 15.875 ln = 15.875
Vu(int) = 9.61 k
16.375 16.375
ln = 16.375 0.5(12/12) = 15.875 16.375= 15.875
ln = 16.375 0.5(12/12)
420.03 in-kip
Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
Beam Design
Flexure Design:
Mu d b As Asmin Asmax As Bar # of
(in-kip) (in.) (in.) (in2) (in2) (in2) (governing) used bars
343.66 (+) 15 28.75 (beff) 0.64 0.90 3.654 0.90 #4 5
#5 3
420.03 (-) 15 12 0.81 0.90 3.654 0.90 #4 5
#4 + #5 2+2
Shear Design:
Location Vu (@ d) Vc = 2 bwd smax, S taken
(kip) (kips) Vc > Vu, Hence ACI (#3 2-legged)
providing minimum
Exterior 8.34 14.78 reinforcement. 7.5 7.5
Interior 9.61 14.78 7.5 7.5
Smax is min. of: (1) Avfy/(50bw) = 14.67 (2) d/2 =7.5 (3) 24 c/c (4) Avfy/ 0.75(fc)bw = 17.85
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Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
Verandah Column
Column Design
Sizes:
Column size = 12 12
Loads:
Pu = 11.41 2 = 22.82 kip
Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
Column Design
Main Reinforcement Design:
Nominal strength (Pn) of axially loaded column is:
Pn = 0.80 {0.85fc (Ag Ast) + Astfy} {for tied column, ACI 10.3.6}
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Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
27
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
Design Example 1
(Typical House with 2 Rooms and Verandah)
OR
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Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
In this example, the slab of one of the floors of this 3-storey building will
be designed.
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Given Data:
Material Properties:
fc = 3 ksi, fy = 40 ksi
Sizes:
Slab thickness = 7
Columns = 14 14
Beams = 14 20
Loads:
S.D.L = Nil
29
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Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
4 spans @ 25-0
3 spans @ 20-0
Panel II Panel IV Panel IV Panel II
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
lb = 23.83
Case 4
Mb,neg
Mb,pos
Case = 4
Ca,neg = 0.071
Cb,neg = 0.029
Ca,posDL = 0.039
Cb,posDL = 0.016
Ca,posLL = 0.048
Cb,posLL = 0.020
30
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Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
lb = 23.83
Ma,pos
Case 4
Mb,neg
Mb,pos
Case = 4
Ma,neg
Ca,neg = 0.071
Cb,neg = 0.029
Ca,posDL = 0.039
Cb,posDL = 0.016
Ca,posLL = 0.048
Cb,posLL = 0.020
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
lb = 23.83
Case 4
Mb,neg
Mb,pos
Case = 4
Ca,neg = 0.071
Cb,neg = 0.029
Ca,posDL = 0.039
Cb,posDL = 0.016
Ca,posLL = 0.048
Cb,posLL = 0.020
31
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Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
lb = 23.83
Ma,pos
Case 4
Mb,neg
Mb,pos
Case = 4
Ma,neg
Ca,neg = 0.071
Cb,neg = 0.029
Ca,posDL = 0.039
Cb,posDL = 0.016
Ca,posLL = 0.048
Cb,posLL = 0.020
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
lb = 23.83
Case 4
Mb,neg
Mb,pos
Case = 4
Ca,neg = 0.071
Cb,neg = 0.029
Ca,posDL = 0.039
Cb,posDL = 0.016
Ca,posLL = 0.048
Cb,posLL = 0.020
32
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
lb = 23.83
Ma,pos
Case 4
Mb,neg
Mb,pos
Case = 4
Ma,neg
Ca,neg = 0.071
Cb,neg = 0.029
Ca,posDL = 0.039
Cb,posDL = 0.016
Ca,posLL = 0.048
Cb,posLL = 0.020
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
lb = 23.83
Case 4
Mb,neg
Mb,pos
Calculating moments using ACI Coefficients:
Ma, neg = Ca, negwula2
Ma,neg
Ma, pos, (dl + ll) = M a, pos, dl + M a, pos, ll = Ca, pos, dl wu, dl la2 + Ca, pos, ll wu, ll la2
Mb, pos, (dl + ll) = Mb, pos, dl + Mb, pos, ll = Cb, pos, dl wu, dl lb2 + Cb, pos, ll wu, ll lb2
wu, dl = 0.105 ksf, wu, ll = 0.2304 ksf, wu = 0.336 ksf Mb,pos = 3.57 ft-k (42.8 in-k)
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali Reinforced Concrete Design II 66
33
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Ma,neg
lb = 23.83
Ma,pos
Case 9
Mb,neg Mb,neg
Mb,pos
Case = 9
Ma,neg
Ca,neg = 0.075
Cb,neg = 0.017
Ca,posDL = 0.029
Cb,posDL = 0.010
Ca,posLL = 0.042
Cb,posLL = 0.017
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Ma,neg
lb = 23.83
Case 9
Mb,neg Mb,neg
Mb,pos
Case = 9
Ca,neg = 0.075
Cb,neg = 0.017
Ca,posDL = 0.029
Cb,posDL = 0.010
Ca,posLL = 0.042
Cb,posLL = 0.017
34
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Ma,neg
lb = 23.83
Ma,pos
Case 9
Mb,neg Mb,neg
Mb,pos
Case = 9
Ma,neg
Ca,neg = 0.075
Cb,neg = 0.017
Ca,posDL = 0.029
Cb,posDL = 0.010
Ca,posLL = 0.042
Cb,posLL = 0.017
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Ma,neg
lb = 23.83
Case 9
Mb,neg Mb,neg
Mb,pos
Case = 9
Ca,neg = 0.075
Cb,neg = 0.017
Ca,posDL = 0.029
Cb,posDL = 0.010
Ca,posLL = 0.042
Cb,posLL = 0.017
35
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Ma,neg
lb = 23.83
Ma,pos
Case 9
Mb,neg Mb,neg
Mb,pos
Case = 9
Ma,neg
Ca,neg = 0.075
Cb,neg = 0.017
Ca,posDL = 0.029
Cb,posDL = 0.010
Ca,posLL = 0.042
Cb,posLL = 0.017
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Ma,neg
lb = 23.83
Case 9
Mb,neg Mb,neg
Mb,pos
Case = 9
Ca,neg = 0.075
Cb,neg = 0.017
Ca,posDL = 0.029
Cb,posDL = 0.010
Ca,posLL = 0.042
Cb,posLL = 0.017
36
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Ma,neg
lb = 23.83
Ma,pos
Case 9
Mb,neg
Calculating moments using ACI Coefficients: Mb,neg Mb,pos
Ma,neg
Mb, neg = Cb, negwulb2
Ma, pos, (dl + ll) = M a, pos, dl + M a, pos, ll = Ca, pos, dl wu, dl la2 + Ca, pos, ll wu, ll la2
Mb, pos, (dl + ll) = Mb, pos, dl + Mb, pos, ll = Cb, pos, dl wu, dl lb2 + Cb, pos, ll wu, ll lb2
wu, dl = 0.105 ksf, wu, ll = 0.2304 ksf, wu = 0.336 ksf Mb,pos = 2.82 ft-k (33.8 in-k)
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali Reinforced Concrete Design II 73
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Ma,neg
lb = 23.83
Case 8
Mb,neg
Mb,neg Mb,pos
Case = 8
Ca,neg = 0.055
Cb,neg = 0.041
Ca,posDL = 0.032
Cb,posDL = 0.015
Ca,posLL = 0.044
Cb,posLL = 0.019
37
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Ma,neg
lb = 23.83
Ma,pos
Case 8
Mb,neg
Mb,neg Mb,pos
Case = 8
Ma,neg
Ca,neg = 0.055
Cb,neg = 0.041
Ca,posDL = 0.032
Cb,posDL = 0.015
Ca,posLL = 0.044
Cb,posLL = 0.019
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Ma,neg
lb = 23.83
Case 8
Mb,neg
Mb,neg Mb,pos
Case = 8
Ca,neg = 0.055
Cb,neg = 0.041
Ca,posDL = 0.032
Cb,posDL = 0.015
Ca,posLL = 0.044
Cb,posLL = 0.019
38
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Ma,neg
lb = 23.83
Ma,pos
Case 8
Mb,neg
Mb,neg Mb,pos
Case = 8
Ma,neg
Ca,neg = 0.055
Cb,neg = 0.041
Ca,posDL = 0.032
Cb,posDL = 0.015
Ca,posLL = 0.044
Cb,posLL = 0.019
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Ma,neg
lb = 23.83
Case 8
Mb,neg
Mb,neg Mb,pos
Case = 8
Ca,neg = 0.055
Cb,neg = 0.041
Ca,posDL = 0.032
Cb,posDL = 0.015
Ca,posLL = 0.044
Cb,posLL = 0.019
39
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Ma,neg
lb = 23.83
Ma,pos
Case 8
Mb,neg
Mb,neg Mb,pos
Case = 8
Ma,neg
Ca,neg = 0.055
Cb,neg = 0.041
Ca,posDL = 0.032
Cb,posDL = 0.015
Ca,posLL = 0.044
Cb,posLL = 0.019
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Ma,neg
lb = 23.83
Case 8
Mb,neg
Calculating moments using ACI Coefficients: Mb,neg Mb,pos
Ma, pos, (dl + ll) = M a, pos, dl + M a, pos, ll = Ca, pos, dl wu, dl la2 + Ca, pos, ll wu, ll la2
Mb, pos, (dl + ll) = Mb, pos, dl + Mb, pos, ll = Cb, pos, dl wu, dl lb2 + Cb, pos, ll wu, ll lb2
wu, dl = 0.105 ksf, wu, ll = 0.2304 ksf, wu = 0.336 ksf Mb,pos = 3.38 ft-k (40.5 in-k)
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali Reinforced Concrete Design II 80
40
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Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Ma,neg
lb = 23.83
Ma,pos
la = 18.83
Case 2
Mb,neg
Mb,neg Mb,pos
Case = 2
Ma,neg
Ca,neg = 0.065
Cb,neg = 0.027
Ca,posDL = 0.026
Cb,posDL = 0.011
Ca,posLL = 0.041
Cb,posLL = 0.017
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Ma,neg
lb = 23.83
la = 18.83
Case 2
Mb,neg
Mb,neg Mb,pos
Case = 2
Ca,neg = 0.065
Cb,neg = 0.027
Ca,posDL = 0.026
Cb,posDL = 0.011
Ca,posLL = 0.041
Cb,posLL = 0.017
41
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Ma,neg
lb = 23.83
Ma,pos
la = 18.83
Case 2
Mb,neg
Mb,neg Mb,pos
Case = 2
Ma,neg
Ca,neg = 0.065
Cb,neg = 0.027
Ca,posDL = 0.026
Cb,posDL = 0.011
Ca,posLL = 0.041
Cb,posLL = 0.017
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Ma,neg
lb = 23.83
la = 18.83
Case 2
Mb,neg
Mb,neg Mb,pos
Case = 2
Ca,neg = 0.065
Cb,neg = 0.027
Ca,posDL = 0.026
Cb,posDL = 0.011
Ca,posLL = 0.041
Cb,posLL = 0.017
42
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Ma,neg
lb = 23.83
Ma,pos
la = 18.83
Case 2
Mb,neg
Mb,neg Mb,pos
Case = 2
Ma,neg
Ca,neg = 0.065
Cb,neg = 0.027
Ca,posDL = 0.026
Cb,posDL = 0.011
Ca,posLL = 0.041
Cb,posLL = 0.017
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Ma,neg
lb = 23.83
la = 18.83
Case 2
Mb,neg
Mb,neg Mb,pos
Case = 2
Ca,neg = 0.065
Cb,neg = 0.027
Ca,posDL = 0.026
Cb,posDL = 0.011
Ca,posLL = 0.041
Cb,posLL = 0.017
43
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Ma,neg
lb = 23.83
Ma,pos
la = 18.83
Case 2
Mb,neg
Calculating moments using ACI Coefficients: Mb,neg Mb,pos
Ma,neg
Mb, neg = Cb, negwulb2
Ma, pos, (dl + ll) = M a, pos, dl + M a, pos, ll = Ca, pos, dl wu, dl la2 + Ca, pos, ll wu, ll la2
Mb, pos, (dl + ll) = Mb, pos, dl + Mb, pos, ll = Cb, pos, dl wu, dl lb2 + Cb, pos, ll wu, ll lb2
wu, dl = 0.105 ksf, wu, ll = 0.2304 ksf, wu = 0.336 ksf Mb,pos = 2.88 ft-k (34.5 in-k)
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali Reinforced Concrete Design II 87
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
8.42 6.54
8.91 7.72
44
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Slab Design
First determining the capacity of min. reinforcement:
As,min = 0.002bhf = 0.002 12 7 = 0.17 in2
Using #4 @ 12 c/c
For the 12 spacing: As = (0.20/12) 12 = 0.20 in2. Hence As,min = 0.20 in2
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Slab Design
Positive Moments in Long Direction:
3.57 ft-kip/ft
3.38 ft-kip/ft
2.82 ft-kip/ft
2.88 ft-kip/ft
Since all the above moments values are almost equal to or less than
3.52 ft-kip/ft. Therefore using #4 @ 12 c/c for all positive moments in
Longer direction.
45
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Slab Design
Positive Moments in Short Direction:
5.37 ft-kip/ft
4.51 ft-kip/ft
4.78 ft-kip/ft
4.31 ft-kip/ft
Using trial and success method for determining As for 5.37 ft-kip/ft:
Assume a = 0.2d= 0.2(6) = 1.2, As = (5.37 12)/{0.9 40(6 (1.2/2))} = 0.33 in2
As all the above moments are almost same, we will use #4 @ 7 c/c for all above
moments.
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali Reinforced Concrete Design II 91
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Slab Design
Negative Moments at Non-Continuous Ends in Short & Long Directions:
1.19 ft-kip/ft
1.79 ft-kip/ft
1.60 ft-kip/ft
0.94 ft-kip/ft
#4 @ 12 c/c
46
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Slab Design
Negative Moments at Continuous Ends in Short Direction:
8.42 ft-kip/ft
8.91 ft-kip/ft
7.72 ft-kip/ft
6.54 ft-kip/ft
As all above moments are almost same, we will use #4 @ 4.5 c/c
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Slab Design
Negative Moments at Continuous Ends in Long Direction:
5.52 ft-kip/ft
Designing for 7.80 ft-kip/ft
7.80 ft-kip/ft
3.24 ft-kip/ft
Designing for 5.14 ft-kip/ft
5.14 ft-kip/ft
Reinforcement:
7. 80 ft-kip/ft is almost equal to 8.91 ft-kip/ft:
47
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
A A
A A
A B C B C
3 spans @ 20-0
C C
A= #4 @ 12
A A B = #4 @ 7
A B B C = #4 @ 4.5
B B
C C
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
l/2
l/2
In case of one-way slab system the entire slab load is transferred in short direction.
Load transfer in short direction = (Wu l / 2 1) + (Wu l / 2 1)
Load transfer in long direction = Wu l / 2 0
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali Reinforced Concrete Design II 96
48
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Load transfer from Slab to Beam
ACI Table for Wa values
Shorter Direction
3 spans @ 20-0
Panel II Panel IV Panel IV Panel II
Longer Direction
In case of two way slab system, entire slab load is NOT transferred in shorter direction.
Load transfer in shorter direction = (Wu l / 2 Wa ) + (Wu l / 2 Wa )
Load transfer in longer direction = (Wu l / 2 Wb ) + (Wu l / 2 Wb )
This value will NOT be 1 in this case, It is specified by ACI Table
Wb = 1 - Wa
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali Reinforced Concrete Design II 97
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Load transfer from Slab to Beam
Load Transfer to Beam from Two-Way Slab
4 spans @ 25-0
ShorterDirection
Direction
W u = 0.336 ksf
Wa,Panel-I = 0.71
Wa,Panel-II = 0.83
49
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Load transfer from Slab to Beam
Load Transfer to Beam from Two-Way Slab
4 spans @ 25-0
3 spans @ 20-0
Shorter
ShorterDirection
Load is transferred to B2 from Panel-I and Panel-III in
20
Panel II Panel IV Panel IV Panel II long direction
20
Direction
= Wu l / 2 Wb,Panel-I + Wu l / 2 Wb,Panel-III
Panel I Panel III Panel III Panel I
W u = 0.336 ksf
W b,Panel-I = (1 Wa,Panel-I) = 1 - 0.71 = 0.29
W b,Panel-III = (1 Wa,Panel-III) = 1 - 0.55 = 0.45
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Moment Coefficient Method: Example 2
Panel I
Load On Beams from coefficient tables
4 spans @ 25-0
B2
Table: Load on beam in Panel I, using
Coefficients
3 spans @ 20-0
50
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Moment Coefficient Method: Example 2
Panel I
Load On Beams from coefficient tables
4 spans @ 25-0
B2
Table: Load on beam in Panel I, using
Coefficients Panel I
3 spans @ 20-0
(wu = 0.336 ksf) B1
Width (bs)
Load due
of slab
Length to slab,
Beam panel Wa Wb
(ft) Wwubs B1
supported
(k/ft)
by beam
B1 25 10 0.71 - 2.39
B2 25 10 0.71 - 2.39
B2
B3 20 12.5 - 0.29 1.22
B4 20 12.5 - 0.29 1.22
B4 B3 B3 B3 B4
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Moment Coefficient Method: Example 2
Panel II
Load On Beams from coefficient tables
4 spans @ 25-0
B2
Table: Load on beam in Panel II, using
Coefficients
3 spans @ 20-0
B4 B3 B3 B3 B4
51
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Moment Coefficient Method: Example 2
Panel II
Load On Beams from coefficient tables
4 spans @ 25-0
B2
Table: Load on beam in Panel II, using
Coefficients
3 spans @ 20-0
(wu = 0.336 ksf) B1
Width (bs)
Load due
of slab Panel II
Length to slab,
Beam panel Wa Wb
(ft) Wwubs B1
supported
(k/ft)
by beam
B1 25 10 0.83 - 2.78
B3 20 12.5 - 0.17 0.714
B2
B4 20 12.5 - 0.17 0.714
B4 B3 B3 B3 B4
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Moment Coefficient Method: Example 2
Panel III
Load On Beams from coefficient tables
4 spans @ 25-0
B2
Table: Load on beam in Panel III, using
Coefficients
3 spans @ 20-0
B4 B3 B3 B3 B4
52
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Moment Coefficient Method: Example 2
Panel III
Load On Beams from coefficient tables
4 spans @ 25-0
B2
Table: Load on beam in Panel III, using
Coefficients Panel III
3 spans @ 20-0
(wu = 0.336 ksf) B1
Width (bs)
Load due
of slab
Length to slab,
Beam panel Wa Wb
(ft) Wwubs B1
supported
(k/ft)
by beam
B1 25 10 0.55 - 1.84
B2 25 10 0.55 - 1.84
B2
B3 20 12.5 - 0.45 1.89
B4 B3 B3 B3 B4
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Moment Coefficient Method: Example 2
Panel IV
Load On Beams from coefficient tables
4 spans @ 25-0
B2
Table: Load on beam in Panel IV, using
Coefficients
3 spans @ 20-0
B4 B3 B3 B3 B4
53
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Moment Coefficient Method: Example 2
Panel IV
Load On Beams from coefficient tables
4 spans @ 25-0
B2
Table: Load on beam in Panel IV, using
Coefficients
3 spans @ 20-0
(wu = 0.336 ksf) B1
Width (bs)
Load due
of slab
Length to slab, Panel IV
Beam panel Wa Wb
(ft) Wwubs B1
supported
(k/ft)
by beam
B1 25 10 0.71 - 2.39
B3 20 12.5 - 0.29 1.22
B2
B4 B3 B3 B3 B4
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Moment Coefficient Method: Example 2
Load On Beams 4 spans @ 25-0
B2
2.39 k/ft 1.84 k/ft
B1
2.77 k/ft 2.39 k/ft
B2
B4 B3 B3 B3 B4
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali Reinforced Concrete Design II 108
54
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Moment Coefficient Method: Example 2
Load On Beams 4 spans @ 25-0
B2
2.39 k/ft 1.84 k/ft
3 spans @ 20-0
B1
B2
B4 B3 B3 B3 B4
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali Reinforced Concrete Design II 109
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Moment Coefficient Method: Example 2
Load On Beams 4 spans @ 25-0
B2
2.39 k/ft 1.84 k/ft
20
1.22 k/ft 3.11 k/ft 3.11 k/ft
B1
Self weight of beam
= 1.2 (14 0.71 k/ft 1.93 k/ft 1.93 k/ft
B4 B3 B3 B3 B4
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali Reinforced Concrete Design II 110
55
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Moment Coefficient Method: Example 2
Load On Beams (including self-weight) 4 spans @ 25-0
B2
2.62 k/ft 2.07 k/ft
3 spans @ 20-0
B1
5.39 k/ft 4.46 k/ft
B1
B2
B4 B3 B3 B3 B4
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali Reinforced Concrete Design II 111
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
wu
Positive
1/14 1/16 1/11 Moment
x wuln2
Spandrel
support 1/24 1/10* 1/11 1/11 1/10* 0 Negative
Moment
Column *1/9 (2 spans) wuln2
support
1/16 x
* 1/11(on both faces of other interior supports)
* 1/12 (for all spans with ln < 10 ft)
Note: For simply supported slab, M = wul2/8, where l = span length (ACI 8.9).
56
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Analysis of Beams
Interior Beam B1
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Analysis of Beams
Exterior Beam B2
57
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Analysis of Beams
Interior Beam B3
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
Analysis of Beams
1.45 k/ft
Exterior Beam B4
58
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Pictures of a Multi-Storey
Commercial Building
Pictures of a Multi-Storey
Commercial Building
59
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Phases of Construction
Practice Examples
4 spans @ 25-0
Slab thickness = 6
Panel I Panel III Panel III Panel I SDL = 40 psf
LL = 60 psf
3 spans @ 20-0
fc =3 ksi
fy = 40 ksi
Panel II Panel IV Panel IV Panel II
60
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Practice Examples
4 spans @ 20-0
Slab thickness = 6
Panel I Panel III Panel III Panel I SDL = 40 psf
LL = 60 psf
3 spans @ 15-0
fc =3 ksi
fy = 40 ksi
Panel II Panel IV Panel IV Panel II
References
ACI 318
61
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
The End
62
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Design Example 2
(100 60, 3-Storey Commercial Building)
3 spans @ 20-0
8.42 6.54
8.91 7.72
63