Contoh 2

1 2 3
[A]= 4 1 5
6 0 2

Prosedur:
(a) Tentukan nilai determinan [A], yakni IAI :
1 2 3
[A] = 4 1 5 [A] = 28
6 0 2

(b) Bentuk matrix cofactor c dan adjoint [A] :

1 5
C11 = + =2
0 2

4 5
C21 = - = 22
6 2

4 1
C31 = + = -6
6 0

2 3
C12 = - = -4
0 2

1 3
C22 = + = -16
6 2

1 2
C32 = - = 12
6 0

2 3
C13 = + =7
1 5

1 3
C23 = - =7
4 5

1 2
C33 = + = -7
4 1

2 -4 7
[A] =
+
22 -16 7
-6 12 -7

(c) Invers dari matrix [A] :

 0.071429 -0.142857 0.25
[A] = 0.785714 -0.571429
-1
0.25
-0.214286 0.428571 -0.25
Tentukan invers dari metrix [A] :

1 3 3
[A] 1 4 3
1 3 4

Jawab :
Pertama-tama lakukan pemisahan :

1 3 3
[A] 1 4 3
1 3 4

Berdasarkan prosedur yang dituliskan, maka :

1 3 A21 = 1 3
A11 =
1 4
A22 = 4

A12 = 3
3

Prosedur Selanjutnya :

a. A11-1 = 4 -3
-1 1

b. 4 -3 3 3
A11-1 x A12 = X =
-1 1 3 0

c. 1 3 4 -3 = 1
A21 x A11-1 = X
-1 1

d. nilai c x A12 = 1 0 X 3 = 3
3

e. A22 - nilai d =
0
Hitunglah penulangan yang digunakan pada plat dan balok pada struktur di bawah ini :

Dik :Mutu beton f'c = 30 Mpa

Mutu baja f'y = 350 MPa
Beban hidup WL = 500 Kg/m2
Beban mat WD = 0.108
Berat jenis beton BJ = 2.4 t/m3
Jarak antar balok induk L = 2.53 m
Jarak antar balok anak L = 3 m 3000 mm
= 0.85

Balok Anak Tepi Balok Induk Tengah

Pelat Pelat Pelat 3

Balok Induk
Tepi

Pelat Pelat Pelat 3

2.53 3.53 m 2.53 m

A. PERKIRAAN DIMENSI BALOK

L f'y
h =
18 .5 (0 . 4+ 700 )
= 145.9459459459 mm ### mm = 30 cm 0.3 m

1
b = x h
2

= ### mm 0.15 m

B. PERHITUNGAN BEBAN TERFAKTOR

Wd = b x h x BJ
= 0.108 t/m1 ### kg/m1
 Wn = 1.2 x Wd + 1.6 x WL
= 929.6 kg/m1

C. MOMEN

Ln = L - 1/2 x b - 1/2 x b
= 2.8

Tumpuan dalam
Mu = 1/10 x Wn x Ln2
= ### kg/m 7288064 N/mm
Tulangan lapangan
Mu = 1/14 x Wn x Ln
= ### kg/m 5205760 N/mm
Tumpuan luar
Mu = 1/24 x Wn x Ln
= ### kg/m 3036693.33 N/mm

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
24 14 10 11 16 11 14 10 24
3036693.333333 7288064
- + -

+ + +
5205760

D. PERHITUNGAN PENULANGAN

1. Perhitungan Tulangan Tumpuan Dalam

Data : Momen Maksimum Mu = 7288064 N/mm
Mutu beton f'c = 30 Mpa
Mutu baja f'y = 350 Mpa
b = 1 m 1000 mm
Ts = 50

Misal diambil tulangan D14

d = H - 1/2 x - Ts
= 95
min = 1.4
f'y
= 0.004

x f'c 600
b = x
f'y 600+f'y
= 0.039112782

max = 0.75 x b
= 0.0293345865

ab = x cb
= 51

amax = 0.75 x ab
= 38.25

Mnada =
a
=
0.85 x f'c x b x amax

74006578.125 N/mm
( d
2
max
)
Mnperlu = Mu

= 9110080 N/mm

Mnada > Mnperlu

74006578.125 > 9110080

m = f'y
0.85 x f'c
= 13.7254901961

Rn = Mu
x b x d2
= 1.0094271468 MPa

= 1
m (
1 1
2 . m . Rn
f'y )
= 0.0029435393

Syarat : min < < max

0.004 > 0.00294354 < 0.02933459

min > , maka digunakan min

 As = min x b x d
= ### mm2

Pakai tulangan : D10 -200 = ### mm2 > ### mm2

2. Perhitungan Tulangan Lapangan

Data : Momen Maksimum Mu = 5205760 N/mm

Mutu beton f'c = 30 Mpa
Mutu baja f'y = 350 Mpa
b = 1 m 1000 mm
min = 0.004
max = 0.02933459
amax = 38.25 mm
d = 95

Mnada =
a
0.85 x f'c x b x amax
( d
2
max
)
= 74006578.125 N/mm

Mnperlu = Mu

= 6507200 N/mm

Mnada > Mnperlu

74006578.125 > 6507200

m = f'y
0.85 x f'c
= 13.7254901961

Rn = Mu
x b x d2
= 0.7210193906 MPa

= 1
m (
1 1
2 . m. Rn
f'y )
= 0.0020900335

Syarat : min < < max

0.004 < 0.00209003 < 0.02933459
 min > , maka digunakan min

As = min x b x d
= ### mm2

Pakai tulangan : D10 -200 = ### mm2 > ### mm2

c. Perhitungan Tumpuan Luar

Data : Momen Maksimum Mu = 3036693.33 N/mm

Mutu beton f'c = 30 Mpa
Mutu baja f'y = 350 Mpa
b = 1 m 1000 mm
min = 0.004
max = 0.02933459
amax = 38.25 mm
d = 95

Mnada =
a
0.85 x f'c x b x amax
( d
2
max
)
= 74006578.125 N/mm

Mu
Mnperlu =

= 3795866.666667 N/mm

Mnada > Mnperlu

74006578.125 < 3795866.67

m = f'y
0.85 x f'c
= 13.7254901961

Rn = Mu
x b x d2
= 0.4205946445 MPa

= 1
m (
1 1
2 . m. Rn
f'y )
= 0.0012117763

Syarat : min < < max

 0.004 < 0.00121178 < 0.02933459

min > , maka digunakan min

As = min x b x d
= ### mm2

Pakai tulangan : D10 -200 = ### mm2 > ### mm2

A. PERHITUNGAN PENULANGAN BALOK INDUK TEPI

Be

Data : f'c = 30 Mpa

t
f'y = ### Mpa
Mu = 145000000 N/mm d
h
Be = ### mm
Bw = ### mm
d = ### mm
t = ### mm
L = 2530 mm Bw
Ln = 2510
h = ### mm
ts = 50 mm

Untuk balok L dari suatu sistem lantai diambil bilangan terkecil dari :

L
Be = Bw +
12
= ### mm

Be = Bw + 6.t
= 970 mm

Be = Bw + (Ln/2)
= 1505 mm

Perhitungan tnggi manfaat balok (d)

Misal tulangan diambil D16 mm, tebal selimut (ts) = 50 mm
d = h - ts - (1/2. D8)
= 446

Hitung :
1. Perhitungan dimensi balok
L f'y
h =
18 .5 (0 . 4+ 700 )
= 123.0810810811 mm ### mm = 50 cm 0.5 m

1
b = x h
2
= ### mm 0.25 m

2. Perhitungan Beban Terfaktor

Perhitungan beban mat
Wd = b x h x BJ
= 0.3 t/m1 ### kg/m1
Beban hidup = 500 kg/m1

Kombinasi pembebanan
Wn = 1.2 x Wd + 1.6 x WL
= 1160 kg/m1

3. Pehitungan Momen

qu = 1160 kg/m1

A B C
Q1 Q2
8 m 2 m

RAV RBV

Q1 = qu.L = 9280 kg
Q2 = qu.L = 2320 kg

Reaksi Perletakan
MB = 0
RAV . 6 - Q1 . 4.5 - Q2 . 1.5 = 0
= 5800 kg

MA = 0
RBV . 6 + Q1 . 1.5 + Q2 . 4.5 = 0
= 5800 kg

V= 0
 RAV + RBV - Q1 - Q2 = 0
5800 + 5800 - 9280 - 2320 = 0
0 = 0 (OK)

Persamaan bidang momen

x

A
Qx
RAV

Qx = q.X
= 1160 x
Mx = RAV . X - dx . 1/2 x
= 5800 x - ### x2
Mx
Dx =
dx
Dx = 5800 - 1160 x

Momen max Dx = 0
Dx = 5800 - 1160 x
0 = 5800 - 1160 x
5800
x =
1160
= 5 m

Mmaks = 5800 x - 580 x2 x = 5

= 14500 kg/m

MA = 0
MBA = 5800 x - 580 x2
= 12180 kg/m

Perhitungan momen MBC

= 1/2 x Qx
= -580 x

U/x = 3 = -580 x
= -1740 kg/m

a. Perhitungan Tulangan Tumpuan Luar

Mu
Mperlu =

= 181250000 N/mm
 Mnada = 0.85 x f'c x Be x t (d 2t )
= 544317900 N/mm

Mnada > Mnperlu

0 . 85 . f ' c . . Be
2
aaktual =
d d
2. Mu

= 36.0387605527 mm

= a
0. 85 . f ' c . Be . aktual
Bw . d . f ' y
= 0.0108520304

Syarat : min < < max

0.004 < 0.01085203 < 0.02933459

As = x Bw x d
= 446

Digunakan tulangan .14 = 1/4 x x d2

= 283.385 mm

Jadi tulangan yang dipakai = 1.57383

= 4 14

b. Perhitungan tulangan tumpuan dalam

Data : f'c = 30 Mpa

f'y = ### Mpa
Mu = 145000000 N/mm
Be = ### mm
Bw = ### mm
d = ### mm
t = ### mm
L = 2530 mm
Ln = 2510
h = ### mm
ts = 50 mm

Hitung :
Mu
Mperlu =

= 181250000 N/mm
 Mnada = 0.85 x f'c x Be x t (d 2t )
= 544317900 N/mm

Mnada > Mnperlu

d 0 . 85 2.. f Mu
2
aaktual = d ' c . . Be
= 36.0387605527 mm

= a
0. 85 . f ' c . Be . aktual
Bw . d . f ' y
= 0.0108520304

Syarat : min < < max

0.004 < 0.0108520304 < 0.02933459

As = x Bw x d
= ###

Digunakan tulangan .14 = 1/4 x x d2

= 153.86 mm

Jadi tulangan yang dipakai = 7.8643

= 4 14

c. Perhitungan tulangan tumpuan luar

Data : f'c = 30 Mpa

f'y = ### Mpa
Mu = 3036693.33 N/mm
Be = ### mm
Bw = ### mm
d = ### mm
t = ### mm

L = 2530 mm
Ln = 2510
h = ### mm
ts = 50 mm

Hitung :
Mu
Mperlu =

 = 3795866.666667 N/mm

Mnada = 0.85 x f'c x Be x t (d 2t )

= 544317900 N/mm

Mnada > Mnperlu

0 . 85 . f ' c . . Be
2
aaktual = d d
2. Mu

= 0.724844885

= a
0. 85 . f ' c . Be . aktual
Bw . d . f ' y
= 0.0002182661

Syarat : min < < max

0.004 < 0.0002182661 < 0.02933459

As = x Bw x d
= 24

Digunakan tulangan .8 = 1/4 x x d2

= 50.24 mm

Jadi tulangan yang dipakai = 0.48441

= 2 8

B. PERHITUNGAN PENULANGAN BALOK INDUK TENGAH

a. Perhitungan tulangan tumpuan bentang luar

Be Data : f'c = 30 Mpa

f'y = ### Mpa
Be = ### mm
Bw = ### mm
d = ### mm
h t = ### mm
L = 2530 mm
 Ln = 2510
h = ### mm
ts = 50 mm
Bw Mu = 3036693.33 mm

Be diambil nilai terkecil dari :

L
Be =
4
= ### mm

Be = Bw + 16 x t
= 2170 mm

Be = Bw + Ln
= 2760 mm

Hitung :
Mu
Mperlu =

= 3795866.666667 N/mm

Mnada = 0.85 x f'c x Be x t (d 2t )

= 747083700 N/mm

Mnada > Mnperlu

0 . 85 . f ' c . . Be
2
aaktual = d d
2. Mu

= 0.5279983027

= a
0. 85 . f ' c . Be . aktual
Bw . d . f ' y
= 0.0002182179

Syarat : min < < max

0.004 < 0.0002182179 < 0.02933459

As = x Bw x d
= 24

Digunakan tulangan .8 = 1/4 x x d2

= 50.24 mm
 Jadi tulangan yang dipakai = 0.4843
= 2 8

b. Perhitungan tulangan tumpuan dalam

Data : f'c = 30 Mpa

f'y = ### Mpa
Mu = 7288064 N/mm
Be = ### mm
Bw = ### mm
d = ### mm
t = ### mm
L = 2530 mm
Ln = 2510
h = ### mm
ts = 50 mm

Hitung :
Mu
Mperlu =

= 9110080 N/mm

Mnada = 0.85 x f'c x Be x t (d 2t )

= 747083700 N/mm

Mnada > Mnperlu

0 . 85 . f ' c . . Be
2
aaktual = d d
2. Mu

= 1.2682490413 mm

= a
0. 85 . f ' c . Be . aktual
Bw . d . f ' y
= 0.0005241581

Syarat : min < < max

0.004 < 0.0005241581 < 0.02933459

As = x Bw x d
= 58

Digunakan tulangan .8 = 1/4 x x d2

= 50.24 mm
 Jadi tulangan yang dipakai = 1.16329
= 4 8

c. Perhitungan tulangan tumpuan lapangan

Data : f'c = 30 Mpa

f'y = ### Mpa
Mu = 5205760 N/mm
Be = ### mm
Bw = ### mm
d = ### mm
t = ### mm
L = 2530 mm
Ln = 2510
h = ### mm
ts = 50 mm

Hitung :
Mu
Mperlu =

= 6507200 N/mm

Mnada = 0.85 x f'c x Be x t (d 2t )

= 747083700 N/mm

Mnada > Mnperlu

2
aaktual = d d 0 . 85
2. Mu
. f ' c . . Be
= 0.9055234233

= a
0. 85 . f ' c . Be . aktual
Bw . d . f ' y
= 0.0003742463

Syarat : min < < max

0.004 < 0.0003742463 < 0.02933459

As = x Bw x d
= 42

Digunakan tulangan .8 = 1/4 x x d2

 = 50.24 mm

Jadi tulangan yang dipakai = 0.83058

= 3 8
-93
0.0035