PENRITH HIGH SCHOOL

MATHEMATICS EXTENSION 2
2013
HSC Trial
Assessor: Mr Ferguson
General Instructions: Total marks – 100

• Reading time – 5 minutes SECTION 1 – Pages 2 - 7

• Working time – 3 hours 10 marks
• Write using black or blue pen. Black pen is • Attempt Questions 1 – 10
preferred • Allow about 15minutes for this
• Board-approved calculators may be used. section.
• A table of standard integrals is provided at the SECTION 2 – Pages 8 - 13
back of this paper. 90 marks
• Show all necessary working in Questions • Attempt Questions 11 – 16
11 – 16. • Allow about 2 hours 45 minutes
• Work on this question paper will not be for this section.
marked.

Section1 Section 2

Question Mark Question Mark Question Mark Total /100

1-3 11 /15 15motion /5 %
4-5 12 /15 15poly /7
6-7 13vol /7 15 harder ext /3
8 13graph /8 16complex /6
9 14conic /12 16 harder ext /9
10 14circle /3
Total /10

This paper MUST NOT be removed from the examination room

Student Name: ………………………………

Section I

10 marks
Attempt Questions 1–10
Allow about 15 minutes for this section

Use the multiple-choice answer sheet for Questions 1–10.

1 Consider the Argand diagram below.

The inequality that represents the shaded area is:

(A) 0 ≤ z ≤ 2

(B) 1 ≤ z ≤ 2

(C) 0 ≤ z −1 ≤ 2
(D) 1 ≤ z − 1 ≤ 2

5
2 Let z = 1 + 2i and w =−2 + i . The value of is:
iw
(A) −1 − 2i
(B) −1 + 2i
(C) 1 − 2i
(D) 1 + 2i

2
 π
3 The locus of z if arg( z − 2) − arg( z + 2) = is best shown as:
4
(A) (B)

(C) (D)

3
4 The diagram shows the graph of the function y = f ( x) .

The diagram that shows the graph of the function y = f ( x) 2 is:

(B)
(A)

(D)
(C)

4
5 The function y = f ( x) is drawn below.

y f ( x)

Which of the following is an incorrect statement?

(A) y= f ( x) has two asymptotes only

(B) y= f ( x) is continuous everywhere in its domain
(C) y= f ( x) has exactly one point of inflexion
(D) y= f ( x) is differentiable everywhere in its domain.

6 The values of the real numbers p and q that makes 1 − i a root of the equation
z 3 + pz + q =are:
0
(A) p = −2 and q = −4
(B) p = −2 and q = 4
(C) p = 2 and q = −4
(D) p = 2 and q = 4

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7 ) ( x − α ) r Q( x) , where r ≥ 2
Let P ( x) be a polynomial of degree n > 0 such that P ( x=
and α is a real number. Q ( x) is a polynomial with real coefficients of degree q > 0 .
Which of the following is the incorrect statement?

(A) n≤r+q
(B) P ( x) changes sign around the root x = α
(C) Let N r be the number of real roots of P ( x) and N c the number of complex roots
of P ( x) . Then r ≤ N r ≤ n and 0 ≤ N c ≤ q .
(D) Roots of P ( x) are conjugate one another.

x2 y 2
8 The eccentricity of the ellipse with the equation + =
1 is:
4 3
1 1
(A) (B)
4 2
9
3 (D)
(C) 16
4

9 A particle of mass m falls from rest under gravity and the resistance to its motion is
mkv , where v is its speed and k is a positive constant. Which of the following is the
correct expression for the velocity?

(A) =
v
g
k
(1 − e − kt )

(B) =v
g
k
(1 + e − kt )

(C) =v
g
k
(1 − ekt )
(D) =v
g
k
(1 + e kt )

6
 y2
10 The region enclosed by the ellipse ( x − 1) 2 + =
1 is rotated about the y axis to
4
form a solid.

What is the correct expression for volume of this solid using the method of slicing?
2
=
(A) V ∫−2
π 1 − y 2 dy
2
=
(B) V ∫−2
2π 1 − y 2 dy
2
=
(C) V ∫−2
π 4 − y 2 dy
2
=
(D) V ∫−2
2π 4 − y 2 dy

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Section II

90 marks
Attempt Questions 11–16
Allow about 2 hours and 45 minutes for this section

Answer each question in a SEPARATE writing booklet. Extra writing booklets are available.

In Questions 11–16, your responses should include relevant mathematical reasoning and/or
calculations.

Question 11 (15 marks) Use a SEPARATE writing booklet.

(a) The complex number z is given by z =−1 + 3i

(i) Show that z 2 = 2 z 2

(ii) Evaluate z and Arg ( z ) 2

(b) Calculate the product of the roots of the following equation in the form a + ib 2
(3 + 2i ) z 2 − (1 − 2i ) z + (6 − i ) =0

(c) Find the complex square roots of 7 − 6 2i giving your answers in the form x + iy , 3
where x and y are real.

(d) (i) Express =

z 3 + i in modulus/argument form. 3
(ii) Show that z + 64 z =
7
0

(e) The points A, B, C , D on the Argand diagram represent the complex numbers a, b, c, d 3
respectively. If a + c = b + d and a − c = i (b − d ) find what type of quadrilateral
ABCD is.

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Question 12 (15 marks) Use a SEPARATE writing booklet.
3
x
(a) Find ∫ 1 + x dx
0
(Hint: let u 2 = x ) 3

dx
(b) By using a suitable trigonometric substitution show that ∫ = sin −1 x + c
1 − x2
2

where c is some constant

x+6 A Bx + C
(c) (i) Find real numbers A, B and C such that ∫ ( x + 1)( x 2
+ 9)
dx ≡ ∫
x +1
+∫ 2
x +9
2

x+6
(ii) Hence, find ∫ ( x + 1)( x 2
+ 9)
dx 2

π
2
x dx
(d) Using the substitution t = tan
2
, evaluate ∫ 5 + 3cos x
0
3

(e) For n ≥ 0 let, 3

π
2
I n = ∫ x n sin x dx
0

n −1
π 
Show that for n ≥ 2 =
, In n   − n(n − 1) I n − 2
2

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Question 13 (15 marks) Use a SEPARATE writing booklet.

(a) y 12 x − x 2 , the x axis, x = 2 and x = 10 is

The area bounded by the curve= 4
rotated about the y axis to form a solid. By using the method of cylindrical
shells calculate the volume of the solid.

(b) The base of a solid is the segment of the parabola x 2 = 4 y cut off by the 3
line y = 2 . Each cross section perpendicular to the y axis is a right angled
isosceles triangle with the hypotenuse in the base of the solid. Find the
volume of the solid.

ex −1
(c) Consider the function f ( x) =
ex + 1
(i) Show that f ( x) is an odd function 1
(ii) Show that the function is always increasing 2
(iii) Find f ′(0) 1
(iv) Discuss the behaviour of f ( x) as x → ± ∞ 2
(v) Sketch the graph of y = f ( x) 2

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Question 14 (15 marks) Use a SEPARATE writing booklet.
x2 y 2
(a) For the ellipse + = 1
4 3
(i) Find the eccentricity 1
(ii) Find the coordinates of the foci S and S ′ 1
(iii) Find the coordinates of the directices. 1
(iv) Sketch the curve showing foci and directices. 1

P is an arbitrary point on this ellipse

(v) Prove that the sum of the distances SP and S ′P is independent of P 2

x2 y 2
(b) (i) Find the slope of the tangent to the ellipse + =
1 at the point 2
a 2 b2

P (a cos θ , b sin θ )

x cos θ y sin θ
(ii) Hence show that the equation of this tangent is + = 1. 2
a b
(iii) If the point P (a cos θ , b sin θ ) is on the ellipse in quadrant one, find the 2
minimum area of the triangle made by this tangent and the coordinate axes.

(c) Two fixed circles intersect at AB. P is a variable point on one circle.

Copy or trace the diagram into your writing booklet.

(i) Let ∠APB = θ , explain why θ is a constant. 1
(ii) Prove that MN is of a constant length. 2

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Question 15 (15 marks) Use a SEPARATE writing booklet.

(a) A body of unit mass falls under gravity through a resisted medium. The body falls from
1 2
rest. The resistance to its motion is v Newtons where v metres per second is the
100
speed of the body when it has fallen a distance x metres.
1 2
(i) Show that the equation of motion of the body is  x= g − v , where g is the 1
100
magnitude of the acceleration due to gravity. (Note: Draw a diagram!)
(ii) Show that the terminal speed, VT , is given by VT = 10 g 1
 −x

(iii) Show that=
V VT 1 − e 50 
2 2
3
 

(b) x3 − 6 x 2 + 9 x + k =0 has two equal roots.

(i) Show that k = −4 is a possible value for k 2
(ii) Solve x3 − 6 x 2 + 9 x − 4 =0 2

(c) α , β , and γ are the roots of x3 + px 2 + qx + r =0

Find

(i) α2 + β2 +γ 2 1
(ii) α3 + β3 +γ 3 2
(d)
(i) Prove that x 2 + x + 1 ≥ 0 for all real x 1
(ii) Hence or otherwise, prove that a 2 + ab + b 2 ≥ 0 2

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 Question 16 (15 marks) Use a SEPARATE writing booklet.

2π 2π
(a) =
Let w cos + i sin
7 7
(i) Show that w is a solution of z 7 − 1 =0 , where k is an integer.
k
2
(ii) Prove that w + w2 + w3 + w4 + w5 + w6 = −1 2
2π 4π 6π 1
(iii) Hence show that cos + cos + cos = − 2
7 7 7 2

(b) The Bernoulli polynomials Bn ( x) are defined by B0 ( x) = 1 and for n=1, 2, 3, …,

dBn ( x )
= nBn −1 ( x), and
dx
1

∫ B ( x)dx = 0
0
n

Thus
1
B1 ( x)= x −
2
1
B2 ( x) = x 2 − x +
6
3 1
B3 ( x) =x3 − x 2 + x
2 2

1
(i) Show that B4 ( x)= x 2 ( x − 1) 2 − 2
30
(ii) Show that, for n ≥ 2, Bn (1) − Bn (0) =
0 1
(iii) Show by mathematical induction, that for n ≥ 1 3
Bn ( x + 1) − Bn ( x) =n nx−1 ,
(iv) Hence show that for n ≥ 1 and any positive integer k 2
k
n ∑ m n −=
1
Bn (k + 1) − Bn (0)
m=0
135
(v) Hence deduce that ∑m
m=0
4
= 9134962308 1

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