MATH 221 Exam 1 - Version A

Last Name: KEY First Name:

Lecture Section #: Discussion Section #:

Instructor: (circle one) DeVries Mak

Directions:

• Use pencil. Write legibly and erase cleanly.

• Scientific calculators are permitted. No graphing calculators allowed.

• Scrap paper is available for your use but all work to be graded must be on the exam.

Question Points Points Question Points Points

# Possible Received # Possible Received
MC 1-5 15 11 6
FR 6 10 12 9
FR 7 8 13 4
FR 8 10 14 4
FR 9 11 15 9
FR 10 6 16 8
Total 100

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Spring 2019 Exam 1A - KEY

For questions 1-2, let f (t) be the temperature of a cup of coffee t minutes after it has been poured.

1. (3 pts) What is the interpretation of f (2) = 115?

*(a) 2 minutes after the coffee has been poured, the temperature of the cup of coffee is 115
degrees.
(b) 115 minutes after the coffee has been poured, the temperature of the coffee is 2 degrees.
(c) 2 minutes after the coffee has been poured, the temperature of the coffee is rising at a
rate of 115 degrees per minute.
(d) 115 minutes after the coffee has been poured, the temperature of the coffee is rising at
a rate of 2 degrees per minute.

2. (3 pts) What is the interpretation of f ′ (2) = −5?

(a) 2 minutes after the coffee has been poured, the temperature is rising at a rate of 5
degrees per minute.
*(b) 2 minutes after the coffee has been poured, the temperature is falling at a rate of 5
degrees per minute.
(c) 5 minutes after the coffee has been poured, the temperature of the cup of coffee is 2
degrees.
(d) 2 minutes after the coffee has been poured, the temperature of the cup of coffee is -5
degrees.

3. (3 pts) Which graph represents the following properties?

• The function decreases as x increases.

• The slope increases as x increases.

∗(a) (c)

(b) (d)

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4. (3 pts) Which of the following expressions represents the difference quotient for
√
f (x) = x + 2?
√ √
x−h+2− x+2
(a)
x
√ √
x+h+2+ x−2
(b)
x
√ √
x−h+2− x+2
(c)
h
√ √
x+h+2− x−2
*(d)
h

5. (3 pts) Let C(x) = x2 − 2x be the cost in thousands of dollars to produce x cars. What are
the units on the marginal cost?

(a) dollars per car

(b) thousand dollars
(c) cars per thousand dollars
*(d) thousand dollars per car

6. (10 pts) The graph of the function f (x) is as follows.

(a) Is f (x) continuous at the point B? (circle one) Y ES NO

(b) Is f (x) differentiable at the point B? (circle one) Y ES NO

(c) Which labeled point has the most negative slope? C

(d) What is the sign of f ′ (x) at the point F? (circle one) P OS NEG ZERO

(e) What is the sign of f ′′ (x) at the point F? (circle one) P OS NEG ZERO

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7. (8 pts) Suppose s = ax−3 + 4ap + p2 x.

ds ds d2 s d2 s
(a) Find . = 4a + 2px (b) Find . = 2x
dp dp dp2 dp2

ds ds d2 s d2 s
(c) Find . = −3ax−4 + p2 (d) Find . = 12ax−5 .
dx dx dx2 dx2

8. (10 pts) The graph of the function f (x) is as follows.

(a) Find lim f (x). lim f (x) = 2.

x→∞ x→∞

(b) Find lim f (x). lim f (x) = 2.

x→−∞ x→−∞

(c) Is f (x) continuous at x = −1? Explain using the mathematical definition of continuity.
No, lim f (x) does not exist, therefore, lim f (x) ̸= f (−1).
x→−1 x→−1

(d) Is f (x) differentiable at x = 1? Explain.

No, (1, −2) is a cusp point, i.e. the slope of f (x) to the left of x = 1 is not equal to the
slope of f (x) to the right of x = 1, therefore f (x) is not differentiable at x = 1.

(e) Is f ′ (2) positive, zero or negative? Explain.

Positive, since f (x) is increasing at x = 2.

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9. (11 pts) The position at time t (in seconds) of an object moving in a straight line is given by
s(t) = −3t2 + t + 4 feet.

(a) What is the instantaneous velocity at 3 seconds?

v(t) = s′ (t) = −6t + 1 =⇒ =⇒ v(3) = −17 ft/s

(b) What is the average velocity from t = 1 to t = 3?

s(3) − s(1) (−27 + 3 + 4) − (−3 + 1 + 4) −22

= = = −11 ft/s
3−1 2 2

(c) What is the acceleration of the object at 3 seconds?

a(t) = v ′ (t) = −6 =⇒ a(3) = −6 ft/s2

(d) Is the object moving forward or backwards at time t = 3? Why?

Backwards, since v(3) < 0.

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√ 1
10. (6 pts) Let f (x) = x + x2 .
8
(a) Calculate f ′ (x).

f (x) = x1/2 + 18 x2

1 1
=⇒ f ′ (x) = 21 x−1/2 + 41 x = √ + x.
2 x 4

(b) Find the equation of the tangent line of f (x) at x = 4.

y1 = f (4) = 4
m = f ′ (4) = 41 + 1 = 5
4

5
=⇒ y − 4 = (x − 4) .
4

1
11. (6 pts) Let f (x) = x3 − 3x. Find all the points on the graph of f (x) whose slope of the
3
tangent line is 6. Express your answers as ordered pairs.

f ′ (x) = 6 ⇐⇒ x2 − 3 = 6
⇐⇒ x2 = 9
⇐⇒ x = ±3.
1
f (−3) = (−27) + 9 = 0
3
1
f (3) = (27) − 9 = 0
3

(−3, 0) and (3, 0)

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12. (9 pts) Let f (x) = 3x2 − x. Use the limit definition of derivative to calculate f ′ (x).

f (x + h) − f (x)
f ′ (x) = lim
h→0 h

[3(x + h)2 − (x + h)] − [3x2 − x]

= lim
h→0 h

3(x2 + h2 + 2xh) − x − h − 3x2 + x

= lim
h→0 h

3x2 + 3h2 + 6xh − x − h − 3x2 + x

= lim
h→0 h

3h2 + 6xh − h
= lim
h→0 h

= lim 3h + 6x − 1
h→0

= 6x − 1 .

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13. (4 pts) Calculate the following limits. If the limit does not exist, write DNE.
x2
(a) lim
x→3 2x − 6
( )
x2 9
DN E lim =
x→3 2x − 6 0

3x − 6
(b) lim
x→2 x2 − 4

3x − 6 3(x − 2)
lim = lim
x→2 x − 4
2 x→2 (x − 2)(x + 2)
3
= lim
x→2 x + 2

3
= .
4

14. (4 pts) Suppose that f (100) = 300 and f ′ (100) = 25.

(a) Estimate f (101).

f (a + h) − f (a) ≈ f ′ (a) · h =⇒ f (101) ≈ f ′ (100) · (1) + f (100)

≈ 25(1) + 300
≈ 325 .

(b) Estimate f (98).

f (a + h) − f (a) ≈ f ′ (a) · h =⇒ f (98) ≈ f ′ (100) · (−2) + f (100)

≈ 25(−2) + 300
≈ 250 .

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15. (9 pts) Calculate the derivatives of the following functions. You do not need to simplify your
answers.

(a) f (x) = x3 (2 − x2 ).

f (x) = 2x3 − x5

=⇒ f ′ (x) = 6x2 − 5x4

√
(b) g(x) = 4 ·
3
x2 .

g(x) = 4(x2 )1/3 = 4x2/3

8 −1/3
=⇒ g ′ (x) = x
3

2
(c) h(x) = + 5x.
(x2 + 1)3

h(x) = 2(x2 + 1)−3 + 5x

=⇒ h′ (x) = −6(x2 + 1)−4 (2x) + 5

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16. (8 pts) Sketch the graph of a function that has the following properties and answer the
question below.

• f (−2) = −1, f (1) = 2, f (3) = 4

• f ′ (−2) = 0, f ′ (3) = 0
• f ′′ (x) > 0 for x < 1,
f ′′ (x) < 0 for x > 1

Q: Is your graph concave up or down at x = 2? Concave DOWN

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . In case you need a second try on a clean slate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

*Be sure to answer the question above and make clear which graph you want to be graded.

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