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ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺱ
ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ
ﺇﻥ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻫﻮ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻭﻓﻦ ﰲ ﺁﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺆﺛﺮ ﰲ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﱵ
ﺗﻘﺴﻢ ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺑﻄﺮﻕ ﳐﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻭﺳﺄﺗﻄﺮﻕ ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻭﺿﻌﺘﻪ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ﺇﻳﺮﻛﻮ ERCOﺍﻷﳌﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﻋﻤﻞ
ﻬﺑﺎ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﲟﺒﺎﺩﻱﺀ ﺍﳌﺼﻤﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻲ ﺭﻳﺘﺸﺎﺭﺩ ﻛﻴﻠﻲ Richard Kileyﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻻﺳﺲ ﻭﺍﳌﻌﺎﻳﲑ ﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﲜﻮﺩﺓ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳋﻤﺴﻴﻨﻴﺎﺕ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ.
ﻭﺿﻌﺖ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ﺇﻳﺮﻛﻮ ERCOﺍﻷﳌﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺛﻼﺙ ﺃﺳﺲ ﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺇﺳﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻻﺳﺲ 3Aﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻷﻬﻧﺎ ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺗﺒﺪﺃ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ
ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﲜﺮﻑ ﺍﻟـ Aﻭﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻫﻲ :
ﳌﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻮﺩﻱ
ﰲ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺭﺽ ﳓﺘﺎﺎﺝ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺴ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﺗﺐ ﳓﳓﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻻﻓﻘﻲ
Dowﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ
ﺗﺴﺘﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻭﻭﻥ ﻻﻳﺖ wnlight
arab-eng.o
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ org
ﻣﻘﺘﺒﺲ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺪﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴﺔ .ISO_CIE_8995ﳝﻜﻜﻦ ﺍﻹﻃﻼﻉ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻣﻔﺼﻞ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳉﺪﺪﻭﻝ ﲟﻠﺘﻘﻰ ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺪﺳﲔ ﺏ
ﻳﺪﺧﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﶈﻞ
ﻥ ﺴﺒﺐ ﻭﻫﺞ ﻋﺎﱄ ﺑﺈﳔﻔﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﻴﻌﺎﺗﻪ ﺣﺣﻴﺚ ﺃﺻﺒﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻻﺷﻌﻮﺭﻳﺎ
ﻆ ﺍﶈﻞ ﺍﺠﻤﻟﺎﻭﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺬﺬﻱ ﻟﺪﻳﻪ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺗﺴ
ﺑﻌﺪ ﻓﺘﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻻﺣﻆ
ﻟﻠﻌﲔ ﻓﻜﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﺃﻥ ﻃﻠﺐ ﺍﶈﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻪﺑﻪ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺭﺩﻳﺌﺔ ﺑﺘﻐﻴﻴﲑ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺇﺇﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺟﻴﺪﺓ ﻭﻳﺘﺠﻨﺒﻮ
ﺒﻮﻥ ﺍﶈﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺇﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺰﻋﺠﺔ ﲔ
.ER
ﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﳉﻮﺩﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ RCO
ﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﺃﺟ
ﺴﺎﻡ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻭﺍﻷﺟﺴ
ﲤﻴﻴﺰ ﻥ
ﺍﻟﱵ ﻧﺮﺍﻫﺎ ﲢﺖ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﻤﺲ ﻭﻟﻠﻤﺼﺎﺑﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺗﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﻣﻞ ﺇﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻻﻟﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﳊﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﻟﻸﺟﺴﺎﻡﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻫﻲ ﱵ
ﻥ ﺃﻥ
= Raﻭﻳﻌﲏ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﻥ ﺍﳌﺼﺒﺎﺡ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ %80
ﳚﺐ ﺍﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻞ R 80 Color rennderingﻭﰲ ﻣﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﳚ
ﳝﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻮﻉ ﺇﱃ
ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ %90ﻦ ﳚﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺇﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﺍﻥ ﺜﺮ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺿﻮﺀ ﺍﻟﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻟﻚ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺐ
ﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﺎﺎﺓ ﳍﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ.
ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴﺔ ISO_CIEE_8995ﺔ
ﺕ
ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ:
ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺪﺳﲔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﰲ ﻗﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺮﺑﺎﺀ.
ﲔ ﰎ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻞ ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞﻞ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻮﻮﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻨﺘﺪﻯ
ﺃﻥ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻳﻊ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﳐﻄﻄﻂ ﺍﻷﻭﺗﻮﻛﺎﺩ ﳍﺬﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺩﻭﻥ ﻓﻬﻬﻢ
ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﺳﻴﺆﺩﻱ ﺇﱃ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﻋﻋﻠﻰ
ﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ
ﺕ
ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻒ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ.
ﺴﻘﻒ ﻫﻮ ﲢﻔﺔ ﻣﻌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ
ﺍﳌﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺴ
ﺕ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺇﺫﺫﺍ ﰎ ﻓﻬﻢ
ﺤﺎﺕ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺃﺟﺟﻬﺰﺓ
ﳚﺐ ﺇﻇﻇﻬﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻻ ﺗﺸﻮﻳﻪ ﺍﻟﻟﺴﻘﻒ ﺑﻮﺿﻊ ﻓﺘﺤ
ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻓﻓﻴﻪ!
ﺴﻘﻒ
ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺿﻮﺋﻲ ﺑﺈﲡﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺴ
ﻭﺿﻊ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﻏﺎﻃﺴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺪﺍﺭ ﻭﳍﺎ ﻊ
ﰎ ﻊ
ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺃﺟﻬﻬﺰﺓ ﻏﺎﻃﺴﺔ ﺑﺎﳉﺪﺍﺍﺭ ﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻒ
Walll-recessed ceiling washer
Accen
ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰﺓ nt lighting
ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺮﺽ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﺔ ﻭﺇﻇﻬﻬﺎﺭﻫﺎ
ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑﻫﺎ ﺣﱴ ﲡﺬﺏ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺒﺎﻩ.
ﺜﺮ
Play
P ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻜﻮﺭﻳﺔ of briilliance
ﻫﻲ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﻘﺼﺪﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺇﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﻮﺀ ﻛﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﲨﺎﱄ ﰲ
ﺍﳌﻜﻜﺎﻥ
ﺼﺮ ﻭﺳﻮﺭﻳﺎ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺪﺳﺳﲔ ﻭﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﲔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻭﺧﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎ ﰲ ﺩﻭﻝ ﺍﳋﻠﻴﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻭﻣﺼ
ﺧﻼﻝ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﰲ ﳎﺎﻝ ﺍﻹﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺗﻌﺮﰲ ﻰ
ﻣﻦ ﻝ
ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻳﲔ.
ﲔ ﻳﻬﺘﻤﻮﻥ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻛﺒﲑ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻮﻮﻉ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ )ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ( ﻭﻳﺘﺠﺎﻫﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻋﲔ
ﻥ ﻭﺍﻻﺭﺩﻥ ﻭﻭﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﻻﺣﻈﺖ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺀ
ﳘﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻱ
ﺃﱐ ﺍﺟﺪﻩ ﻻﻳﻘﻞ ﺍﳘﻴ
ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﲔ ﻳﻬﺘﻢ ﺑﺎﺎﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻜﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﻳﺘﺮﻙ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺎﻣﺔ ﳌﻬﻨﺪﺱ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺀ ﻭﻳﺒﻘﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﻣﻬﻤﻞ ﻣﻊ ﱐ
ﺃﻣﺎ ﻢ
ﻧﻮﺍﻉ
ﱐ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﺃﺭﺍﻩ ﺃﻫﻫﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ ﻭﺳﻨﺮﻯ ﺍﳘﻴﺔ ﻛﻞ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻭﻛﻛﻴﻒ ﳝﻜﻦ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺑﲔ ﲨﻴﻊ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻻﻧﻮ
ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻋﲔ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﻞ ﺃﱐ
ﻣﻦ ﲔ
ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﻳﺔ ﲜﻮﺩﺓ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ
Am
mbient ligh
ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ hting
ﺴﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻻﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﻷﻧﻨﻨﺎ ﻻﻧﺮﻯ
ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻫﻮ ﺇﳚﺎﺩ ﺿﻮﻮﺀ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻜﻜﺎﻥ ﳉﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺗﺮﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻻﺟﺴ
ﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻳﻜﻮﻥﻥ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺽ
ﻫﺬﺍ ﻉ
ﺍﻷﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻈﻼﻡ ﺃﻭ ﻧﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻱ ﺗﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ.
ﺨﻔﻴﺔ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻒ ﺍﻭ ﺍﳉﺪﺭﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺨ
ﺃﻭ ﻏﲑ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺗﻨﻌﻜﺲ ﻦ
ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻗﺪ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺷﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﻣﻌﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻒ ﻭ
) (Cove lightﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻝ ﻭﻭﺍﺷﺮ .Wallwasher
ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ
ﲡﺎﻧﺲ ﻹ
ﲡﺎﻧﺲ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﻮﻮﻥ ﻣﺮﻏﻮﺏ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻜﻜﺎﺗﺐ ﻭﺍﻷﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﻮﻇﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻧﻊ
ﺍﳌﺼﺎﻧﻊ ﳊﺎﻻﺕ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺲ
ﻻ ﳚﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺘﺘﺠﺎﻧﺴﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﺍﳊ
ﻻﻳﻘﻞ ﲡﺎﻧﺲ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ
ﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﺃﻱ ﻣﻜﻜﺎﻥ ﳓﺘﺎﺝ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺇﱃ ﲡﲡﻨﺐ ﺍﻟﻈﻼﻝ ﻓﻌﻨﺪﺪﻫﺎ ﻳﻔﻀﻞ ﺃﻥ ﻞ
ﻭﺍﳌﻄﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﻭﺭﺵ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻧﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺘﺸﻔﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﺑﺼ
ﺕ
ﻋﻦ 0.5ﻭﺗﻌﱪ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻟﻺﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻴﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻄﻴﺔ.
ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ.
ﺻﻐﲑﺓ ﻻﺗﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﺮ
ﺲ ﻻﺗﻘﻞ ﻋﻦ 0.7ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﱵ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﺎﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺻ
ﻭﺭﲟﺎ ﳓﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﱃ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﲡﺎﻧﺲ
ﲡﺎﻧﺲ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﻟﻺﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻤﺮ ﲡﺎﻧﺲ ﻋﺎﻝ ﻟﻺﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﰲ ﺻﺎﻟﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻄﺎﺭ
ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ:
ﰎ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻞ ﰲ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺇﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻭﻏﲑ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻭﳐﺘﻠﻄﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻨﺘﺪﻯ ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺪﺳﲔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﰲ ﻗﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺀ.
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﺄﻣﻠﻨﺎ ﺿﻮﺀ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻐﻄﻰ ﺑﻐﻴﻮﻡ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻛﺌﻴﺒﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﺒﺪﻭ
ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻭﺍﻷﺟﺴﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻫﺘﺔ ﻭﻻﻳﺒﺪﻭﺍ ﺃﻱ ﺟﺴﻢ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺟﺬﺍﺑﺔ ﻭﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ ﲣﺘﻔﻲ
ﺍﻟﻈﻼﻝ ﻭﺗﺒﺪﻭﺍ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﺘﺴﺎﻭﻳﺔ.
ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﲡﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻳﺒﺪﻭ ﻣﻜﺘﺌﺒﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺋﻢ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻻﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺿﻮﺀ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻜﺲ ﺍﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﺷﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﻣﺴﻠﻄﺔ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﻭﺍﻻﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﻓﺴﻨﺮﻯ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺪﺭﺝ
ﺍﻟﻈﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻮﺀ ﻳﻀﻔﻴﺎﻥ ﳌﺴﺎﺕ ﻓﻨﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻻﺟﺴﺎﻡ ﻭﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻚ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ
ﻣﺮﻛﺰﺓ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑﻫﺎ.
ﺻﻴﺔ
ﻫﺎﺩﻱﺀ ﻭﺗﻀﻔﻲ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴ
ﺀ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﻃﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ﰲ ﻄ
ﺍﳌﻄﻌﻢ ﲡﻌﻠﻪ
ﻟﻸﺷﺷﺨﺎﺹ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﻄﻌﻢﻢ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻷﻭﺑﺮﺍ ﰲ ﺳﻴﻴﺪﱐ
ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﱪﻭﺟﻜﺘﻮﺭ)ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺀ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺯ ﺩﻳﻜﻮﺭﻱ(. •
ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻋﻦ ﺗﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺗﻨﺘﺞ ﺿﻮﺀ ﺩﻳﻜﻮﺭﻱ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻜﻮﺭﻳﺔ
ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﺼﻤﻢ ﺣﱴ ﻳﺘﻨﺞ ﺿﻮﺀ ﲨﺎﱄ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻜﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﲝﺪ ﺫﺍﻬﺗﺎ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﲨﺎﱄ ﺑﺎﳌﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﺜﻞ
ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ
ﻫﻲ ﺣﺰﻣﺔ ﺗﺒﻠﻎ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺘﻬﺎ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ 10°ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﻭﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﳊﺰﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﻴﻘﺔ ﺟﺪﺍ
ﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺰ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑﺓ Narrow Spot
ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺎﺭ ﺣﺰﻣﺔ ﺿﻴﻘﺔ ﺟﺪﺍ ﻫﻲ ﺣﺰﻣﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻛﱪ ﻣﻦ 45°ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻭﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳊﺰﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﻀﺔ ﺟﺪﺍ
ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﲔ ﺣﺰﻣﺔ ﻋﺮﻳﻀﺔ ﺟﺪﺍ ﺍﻷﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ ﺟﺪﺍ ﺃﻭ ﻟﻺﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ Wide Flood
ﻫﻲ ﺣﺰﻣﺔ ﺿﻴﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﻑ ﻭﻋﺮﻳﻀﺔ ﺟﺪﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻑ ﺍﳊﺰﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﻀﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﻮﻳﺔ
ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﻭﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﺟﺴﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻟﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺿﻴﺔ Oval Flood
ﻛﺈﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺇﺳﻢ ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳊﺎﺋﻂ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻋﺮﺿﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺇﻧﺎﺭﺓ
ﻋﻤﻮﺩ
ﺣﺰﻣﺔ ﻋﺮﻳﻀﺔ ﺑﻴﻀﻮﻳﺔ
ﻣﺜﺎﻝ
ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﻣﺰﻫﺮﻳﺔ ﺑﻘﻄﺮ 40ﺳﻢ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﺇﺭﺗﻔﺎﻋﻬﺎ 75ﺳﻢ ﻭﺇﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻒ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻫﻮ 3ﺃﻣﺘﺎﺭ ﻭﳓﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﱃ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ
ﺇﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﺰﻫﺮﻳﺔ ﲝﻴﺚ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﺣﺰﻣﺘﻪ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻷﻗﺮﺏ ﳍﺬﺍ ﺍﳊﺠﻢ ﻭﺍﻹﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ.
ﺃﻭﻻ ﳓﺴﺐ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﳌﺰﻫﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺳﻴﻜﻮﻥ 2.25ﻣﺘﺮ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺇﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺍﳌﺰﻫﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻫﻮ
) 0.75ﺇﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ( ﰒ ﳔﺘﺎﺭ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﺇﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺿﻮﺋﻪ ﻗﺮﻳﺐ ﻣﻦ 40ﺳﻢ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﻌﻴﺪ
ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﲟﻘﺪﺍﺭ 2.25ﻣﺘﺮ .ﻭﻣﻦ ﻛﺎﺗﺎﻟﻮﺝ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ERCOﳒﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻟﻪ ﺣﺰﻣﺔ ﺿﻴﻘﺔ
ﲟﻘﺪﺍﺭ 14 °ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﳌﺼﺒﺎﺡ ﻫﺎﻟﻮﺟﲔ 100ﻭﺍﺕ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﻪ ﺍﳋﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﰲ ﻳﺴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ:
ﺍﳌﺮﺑﻊ ﺍﻷﺯﺭﻕ ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﰲ ﺍﳋﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺋﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺎﺭ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﳊﺰﻣﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ 14°
ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻄﻴﻞ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ ﺗُﻘﺮﺃ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺎﺭ ,ﻓﻌﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺯ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﻣﺘﺮﺍﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺓ
ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺋﻴﺔ 3927ﻟﻜﺲ ﻭﻗﻄﺮ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳊﺰﻣﺔ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ 49ﺳﻢ.
ﺃﻱ ﺍﻥ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻟﻪ ﺣﺰﻣﺔ ﺿﻮﺋﻴﺔ ﺿﻴﻘﺔ ﻣﺴﺎﻭﻳﺔ ﻟـ 14°ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺰ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺀ ﻫﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ
ﺍﳌﺰﻫﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺯ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﺰﻫﺮﻳﺔ ﲝﺪﻭﺩ 2.25ﻣﺘﺮ.
ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺯ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺷﺪﺓ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻫﻲ ﲝﺪﻭﺩ 3000ﻟﻜﺲ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺷﺪﺓ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻣﻦ -500
ﻛﺎﳌﺜﺎﻝ ﺃﻋﻼﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﻌﻴﺪﺍ ﻧﺼﻒ 1000ﻟﻜﺲ ﺃﻣﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻓﺈﻧﻨﺎ ﻧﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺄﺧﺬ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﻟﻪ ﺇﺳﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﺃﻗﻞ ﺃﻭ ﻧﻘﻮﻡ
ﻣﺘﺮ ﺍﻓﻘﻴﺎ ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺪ ﺍﳊﻘﻴﻘﻲ ﻫﻮ 2.3ﻣﺘﺮ
ﺑﺈﻋﺘﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﺓ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻹﻋﺘﺎﻡ Dimming
ﻭﺃﺳﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﺑﺄﻧﻪ ﻻﺩﺍﻋﻲ ﻟﻠﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﻴﻖ ﻟﻠﺒﻌﺪ ﻭﻟﻘﻄﺮ ﺑﻘﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺀ ﻭﺷﺪﺓ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﻧﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﺃﻥ
ﻧﻜﺘﻔﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﳝﻜﻦ ﺍﻹﺳﺘﻌﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﱪﺍﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻣﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﳊﺴﺎﺏ ﺷﺪﺓ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺩﻳﺎﻟﻜﺲ
DIALux
ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺕ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰﺓ
ﺇﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﻴﻼﻥ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ
ﳚﺐ ﺃﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﻣﻴﻼﻥ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻻﺗﺴﺒﺐ ﺍﻟﻮﻫﺞ ﰲ ﺇﲡﺎﻩ ﺍﳌﺸﺎﻫﺪ ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﳚﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻻﺗﺰﻳﺪ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﻴﻼﻥ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻋﺎﻡ ﻟﻠﺠﻬﺎﺯ ﻋﻦ 30°ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﻊ
ﺍﳋﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻮﺩﻱ ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ
Barn Doors
D ﺠﺐ ﺍﻟﻮﻫﺞ
ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﻣﻊ ﺣﺠ
ﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺇﻣﺎﻟﺔ
ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻭﻳﺔ 30°ﻣﻊ ﺍﳋﻂ
ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺮ
ﺷﺮﺮﺍﺋﺢ ﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﺍﳊﺎﺟﺰ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﺃﺑﻮﻮﺍﺏ ﺣﺠﺐ ﺍﻟﻮﻫﺞ
ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻮﺩﻱ.
H
Honey comb louver
l cross bafflee Barn Doorrs
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉﺪﺍﺭ
ﻟﻮﺣﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ ﻰ
ﺇﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻝ ﻭﺍﺷﺮ Waallwasherﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻛﻴﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺕ
Wallwasherﺑﺪﻝ
W ﻋﻨﺪ ﻭﺟﻮﻮﺩ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﺕ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻱ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻟﺘﺮﺮﻛﻴﺰ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺑﺈﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺇﺳﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻝ ﺮ
ﻭﺍﺷﺮ
ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻮﺕ ﻻﻳﺖ.
ﻣﻦ ﺯ
ﰎ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺪﺍﻡ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻝ ﻭﺍﺷﺮ ﻟﻠﺴﻜﻚ Walllwasher for Trakﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺻﻮﺭ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ
ﺇﻥ %80ﻣﻦ ﺍﺠﻤﻟﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮﻱ ﻟﻺﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻳﻘﻊ ﲡﺎﻩ ﺍﻷﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ
ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻷﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﺪﺩ ﻧﺼﻮﻉ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺩﻧﺎ ﺇﻇﻬﺎﺭ
ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﻀﻲﺀ ﻓﻴﺤﺐ ﺍﻹﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﺑﺈﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻳﺔ.
ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻝ ﰎ ﺇﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺛﻼﺙ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﻭﺍﻝ ﻭﺍﺷﺮ wallwasher ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻝ ﰎ ﺇﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﲬﺲ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺩﺍﻭﻥ ﻻﻳﺖ ﳌﺼﺒﺎﺡ 35ﻭﺍﺕ ﻣﻴﺘﻞ
ﳌﺼﺒﺎﺡ 35ﻭﺍﺕ ﻣﻴﺘﻞ ﻫﺎﻻﻳﺪ ﻫﺎﻻﻳﺪ
ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻚ ﺇﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ ﻳﺒﺪﻭ ﺃﻗﻞ ﺇﺿﺎﺀﺓ ﻷﻥ ﺍﳉﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﺃﻗﻞ
ﺃﻱ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺑﺈﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻃﺎﻗﺔ ﺃﻗﻞ ﺑـ %40ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻳﺒﺪﻭ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﻀﻲﺀ
ﺇﺿﺎﺋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ.
ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉﺰﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻌﱪ ﻋﻦ %80ﻣﻦ ﳎﺎﻝ
ﺭﺅﻳﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ
ﺇﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳉﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺄﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻝ ﻭﺍﺷﺮ wallwasherﲡﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﻀﻲﺀ ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﻐﲏ ﰲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ ﻋﻦ ﺃﻱ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻟﻺﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ
ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﺄﻣﻠﻠﻨﺎ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻄﻌﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻳﺪﺪﻱ ﻓﺴﻨﺠﺪ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﺸﻤﻤﻞ ﺍﻵﰐ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻕ ﺍﻷﻭﺳﻂ
ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻟﻺﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﰲ ﻕ
ﻢ ﻟﻘﺪ ﺣﺎﺯ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺎﺎﺋﺰﺓ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ
MELDAﰲ ﻋﺎﺎﻡ 2008ﻭﻗﺎﻡ ﺑﺘﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﻣﻣﻜﺘﺐ
ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ A
ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﻄﺎﱐ ﺳﺒﲑﺯ ﺃﻧﺪ ﻣﻴﺠﺮﺯ Speirs and Maajorﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﺄﻣﻠﻨﺎ
ﻓﺴﻨﺠﺪ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﺸﻤﻞ ﺍﻵﰐ
ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺭﺓ ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻊ ﻓﺴ
ﺳﺄﺫﻛﺮ ﻟﻜﻢ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺃﺟﺮﺍﻫﺎ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻷﳌﺎﱐ ﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ DIALﻭﻫﻮ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻨﺘﺞ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺩﻳﺎﻟﻜﺲ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﲑ ﳊﺴﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ
.DIALux
ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﰲ ﻋﺎﻡ 1999ﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﺗﺐ ﻭﻗﺪ ﰎ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺧﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻋﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻟﻺﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰﺓ ﻭﲤﺖ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ
ﻭﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ
ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺇﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﺓ ﻣﻊ ﺇﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺇﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﻊ ﺇﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉﺪﺭﺍﻥ
ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ
ﻓﻤﺜﻼ ﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺇﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻏﲑ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻱ ﺇﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﺓ ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ 15ﻫﻲ ﺇﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳉﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻝ ﻭﺍﺷﺮ Wallwasherﻣﻊ
ﺇﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉﺪﺭﺍﻥ.ﻭﲤﺖ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺗﺄﺛﲑ ﺃﻱ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ
ﺍﳋﻼﺻﺔ
.1ﺇﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺇﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﲤﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﻮﻫﺞ ﺑﺪﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺇﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺭﺩﻳﺌﺔ ﺗﺴﺒﺐ
ﺍﻟﻮﻫﺞ.
Forum:
http://www.arab-eng.org/vb/t101335.html
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http://ezzatbaroudi.wordpress.com