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    15 views158 pages

    (Prestressed Concrete) Determinate Prestressed Structures PDF

    Uploaded by

    HanaaAl-Ghanim

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 158
    Prestressed concrete BLS Gh ge y Kd arloa! GL SI) Woaddol Blut Lashes wie WL 4 HU) Sholest pol gaol 5 glLd Wi béall Sloleal p5l5 we B15 659 JSS 9 Jp SHUI agar GyS AI) dob BLA! GU —R.C. beam u + glo oJ) Edad! c ais compressed_zone w kN/m PO NA: x WO —- TOC [cracked zone Lr A bm bo 2 sec(1~1) | £ 2 — a —Prestressed concrete beam M BL BI pLLH! gle Las agi WSU ge olan Yl abL, BL WI AG- + Ble SII ULM og ASI) Sloe! ( i gh) Gab cues —Case (1) Glo! pL (c.g.) JI sie(P) dado 59%) 353 w kN/m PO TOO oer BMD. P P due to load ~_|_ le M tm L Lo 5 elle dade steel Mu CG ¢ (| al + a T LU" ds oy stress due to stress due to sec( prestressing load . M 6M Jien (tension stress due to load)=—7-= a me= Fe i P_P Foomp (COMpressoin stress due to P)= a= te . ‘M P M To get zero tension stress>=> oho — pi © Eng. Ezz El-Din Mostafa 2008. —Case (2) AWE 4 BL eUaUI(c.g.) bo(e)aey gle (P) Labo Byki, 353 oes SUL 5 8D le B85aI) Jl Yl Ge LII(B.M.) JI yS0(B.M.) . Solan hail JSS WI Pe w kN/m PO TOE > + ”” BD. due to 7” oN | prestressing B.M.D. due to load (J3l abe sla! Mu IC - - |) ~ Kw T. Y Pe +o sec(1-1) stress due to stress due to prestressing load . M 6M Jien, (tension stress due to load)=—7-=—32 7g= pe P. Pe _ P., 6P (compressoin stress due to P)=z+ zz =ort a Jeomp. Y Ga (R-sections) SleLLil) (eccentricity) sail eas(e=1/6)eos gb! gle (tension)dury To get zero tension stress» SM =P , 6P*t/6) —e [P= SE] — (case 1) i Jil ad vs 5 —Case (3) Ja 46 GW(B.M.D.) 385 yak) Lajlos jab Cun, (P) hbo th 3 Bg Hes! BIS aie (e=0) 55S G) Gow Bp gle FS 5a By poy Gets WI bed Go Lay =~, w kN/m PO p PEO Pp + re <= = " BLM.D. due to mn 2S] a prestressing & . BMD. ue to load ___L i” @ © Eng. Ezz El-Din Mostafa 2008. 6 - - lel ~ Kw T W Pe ae sec(1-1) stress due to stress due to | ————— prestressing load : _M_oM _ 6M Jin (tension stress due to load)=-7-=T97—= Ga i -P, Pe _P , 6Pe Jeomp.(oompressoin stress due to P)= 4 +3 -trt te (eccentricity) wad) ge9 (e=0.5t-cover=0.5t—0.05t=0.45t) G9 BSI) JBI Lass gs Sy ‘ 6M _ P_, 6P*(0.45) To get zero tension stress=—> nr a — | P= Gey >» (case 1,2) b+ Jal dad ue 5 OO Getiy Gwe Lae cae Laie pbS GS GlolanY Gojoe at glLUll Jes Gill (P) dad- 2abS Gaby eb 6! Ga (P) 39 glue Jail GU DWh 5 Lj 3b ols +8) gle S$ (B.M.D.) Joey 8D! gle Sh)! (B.M.D.) 283 vais (P) 35M) jlos OU Wss- Ba PIS! wre 440 Ugly (prestressing) of ll (B.M.) vue LUI GLeLLM! gle ad Slolas! ans ¥ WwWh © Eng. Ezz El-Din Mostafa 2008. How to make prestressed concrete? E29 G4) dell Go Ell ad Gob ge oles Yl aL. BLA ae py LS 9 Blas gr balers (Sb ( Lane sey gl J) BL Lol ( pol + BL SI gle bio Sloleal dw Gy Methods to make prestressed concrete: 1— Mechanical methods a Pre—tensioning method ie olan YI She GLa! lw! poles yi Thybl ode pais (precast—prestressed hollow core slabs) rigid abutment cable po r / jack t Tr 4 / \ rigid floor precast unit LOQOOy see 1 1 | eadtes | (two rigid abutments) c268 oy SW) ad py dpb! ode Qi ES py BL ha sey gy Bada! GW ple GLI co 5 FSW! GU gaol 5 Slo I! ox (bond) Ige9 Bd 9 SILI! BLS le ke Cutis plod! Lalyb sled! pubis Bale dbo gate. Satie 6955 GWU!) GU WY SI) L655 Gees abl! ode 4b gli! JAI 4! hold up force [A LO hold down force @ © Eng. Ezz El-Din Mostafa 2008. b — Post—tensioning method « pSgall gb Wedgie BUG Lbs Lega ASW a ball any ES bye Vyl5 pS) pd g lam AG) GES IS jrol ge Gog py Lad 5 BL Gye acy 5 BUI Jdls (mortar tight metal tube) JIU i Laks pS Bygllaal! 3H Load 4 paolgall Jdld GILL Jol ay (end anchore) gb gc BL SI Oy Coll Gabo US (grout) plodiwl LU3 sey GLI! Gis py- saat) Ge ELT Ble 9 SHI 4 BL I pipes for grouting —__\ end anchore } 7 metal tube cables 77 — Types of end anchore: 1- Washer and nut -bssIU! 5 Uysball pba) Sie Bye Go pe SU yaley Gu 9 Jo! Gyb abegld py cn 2— Cone and cylinder ®\gb0%l 5 bs)! (Freyssinet system) plLs lars 5 cylinder cables Freyssinet wedge cone cone abyab. &yeval Ibs (long spans) Jl 45 (post—tensioning) dpb partes (pre—tensioning) wl Ula 3 geal! G+ Jill G) © Eng. Ezz El-Din Mostafa 2008. 2— Chemical methods o© Gy (expansive cement) old Eg Ge & (bond) BL 9 waa! gy Chola! dws 4 Glo) sas ales USS Late g AS Slolaal ad Saag WL 4 Lace saucy wan! gl BLyWhygle bas Guus Glo! dpb saletal Jgley qa! gd BL SI! SLES gue gb Say SL WI ad GY sladioIl Fob GLI ode Za) olan) G“U WIS GLWI sas gd LAU ee SU WL y (mechanical methods) 2 %\4 (low level stresses) Jul3 55) ade 3— Electrical method (250°-450) .p3l LS y)y> Beye BBE wyaS gly SILI! dross pe Lasse BLA he soy y BLA BI Go y BI) gb Lakes pb pS UKs y Chole dad 9 hol gb soleiol SIT Jols wpa! jLUI Jrods etd Glo! Ldgb solein! pubis Yel I GU BL Wy wool ge + Blo SI) gle bas = Types of prestressed concrete 1— Internal and external prestressing = ela! Jato Sahl mm Wak Internal prestressing (bonded) sec(1-1) Zz glad! gy Syl External prestressing (unbonded) Sad 65 (repair) Jee wc (ex. prestressing)pisind dole 5 © Eng. Ezz El-Din Mostafa 2008. 2— Linear and circular prestressing Ste wel psi Gd SMW 4 WLW parc Linear prestressing Circular prestressing ring compression due to prestressing eb Bole padind 9 Slot Ge Ble Chol (circular tanks & surfaces of revolution) (ring compression) tue SYM) ad py du 3- Fully and partial prestressing _ a Fully prestressing| Partially prestressing No allowed tension stresses Allowed tension stresses in the cross section in the cross section de Globe! ale Lull elLbill aS Glolert ale ELLI! Go 152 @ © Eng. Ezz El-Din Mostafa 2008. — Materials used in prestressed concrete 1— Steel OH cass gb PLU Gob Ge ) dle 4d daglie 43 aya planil iy + (agtedl BSaes yS yybe gill y st, 1400/1600 prestressing cables stress, st. 360/520 high grade steet st. 240/350 mild steel strain DUES) SIS Ely Go de gare gl(wires) Tle! Ge le aro! 4 9y- (cable) i5> 49S Laaey ge lon py (4-12mm) i nbo be Sgllad! ASS UGiall Golgst pada! dal (ductility, bonding, resistance to corrosion and fatigue ) o) aay 2- Concrete Bogle S15 Lil (prestressed concrete) gi detained! Slo SI) jud- Chew ggine B4L5 Gb Ge WS pis( f, > 30 N/mm? )isle bio shay Bled) dadles y tals 5 duolia) GLI plaid » Losses of prestressing force Short term losses Long term losses or initial losses or final losses 1-Elastic shortening of concrete 1-Shrinkage of concrete lal Uytiall Leal 393 dns BLA! Li! BUSY ays GL bless! 2-Slippage of end anchore 2-Creep of concrete agl) BySiall dadcall 3g3 Rey Cast) boy ne blac! dag! dad BL II blac! 3-Friction 3-Relazxation of steel IG 4(metal tubelox MEI o 53 Ge) gr SILL i slag WI yal © Eng. Ezz El-Din Mostafa 2008. Why do we use high strength steel in prestressed concrete? S515 ayo gJ Lbs LUS 5 NGA ode 9 rand! 65 slanYl Go ls Vls(losses of prestressing) AUle ab doyle plariol Gay Ai (200-300N/mm? ) Jl Jaa a + BSNgU) ode gle Glas) Why do we use concrete with high compressive strength in prestressed concrete? Le at Beglde 93 dam padind he dere) Gls! Jolt CUS 4 Ale bdo doglir GIS BLS paris (Losses of prestressing force) s3l5UI J& GWL 5 Gail y SLGY clei! olosl ge Jl alle bas degli GIS GLI d plidiel GU Was + Glos! pare! O59 Ge Jib HWh » What are the advantages and disadvantages of prestressed concrete? Advantages of prestressed concrete: Blo SI cLLU! sles! J WGWh » idle degli GIS lye pluriolt Las ISI B59) J JWL 5 cL) GU (fy oe JEl aS Gloleal gh) aS Gloleal sgey pte desi-¥ BL Gi Lan(uncracked section)ale 335)! Gllea ps WL poly la SI! CULM! G4 Ui abe GU sland! BL at BLL I AS) Sloles! polh Gli dyte Lady aale actlgI!) betal) Glolesl (cracked section) ale ic.5\ 4/1 elgedl 9 aptodl fared Bore JH os patel! GUS Zod ogey pe Seyb-1 (durability) Sle 5Jb s,Lall « gleY (deflection) u3(prestressing force) 43 (deflection) Jls-« (delection due to load) --7b-> — ====y = = At 7 > ~--[---B > a ‘net w (deflection due to pres.) (diagonal tension)» J& Lali(prestressing force) s5o5 iasb- 0 (better shear resistance) J3| Ob ga JUL, (@) © Eng. Ezz El-Din Mostafa 2008. BolT Ga Laslasiul Yad UL (fatigue) JISU aule deglie glics-1 (heavy moving loads) (economic) 53% Ls¥ (long spans) deM)) jgxJl dle 4s ab-V¥ Disadvantages of prestressed concrete: LSI) 5 pyecill i(special stuff) wl glins-’ SLilsYl Wass (end anchore & cables) Ss opolre) aJleJI 2 + ale Line degli ld YG Ge BL ob p28 I What are transfer stage and working stages? 1— Transfer stage BBD gle Belg JlamW H9G 4 Bdle SLT! 4d ob dbp» yoy Ste ses (PB) pm Bye ll Uy dial 359! 555 4 L¥5(dead loads) | (initial losses) 2— Working stage (final losses) dam acy (P, ) ge 86S) ll U gia! 850) G5 + Gail pall le gle (check) Jec pe Wu Why factor of safety of concrete at transfer stage is lower than factor of safety at working stage? Jal(f.0.s.) 356 LUY Lisa! poe 0 B55. tle o(transfer stage) 5 Bab UY Lal poco Ge AHI! db pl! Yo(working stage) UL Lan SI (f.0.s.) What are the reasons for using longituidinal steel in prestressing concrete beams? The egyptian code requires minimum longituidinal RFT. to : 1— increase moment capacity (Mp) of cross section. 2- resist the stresses due to shrinkage and creep. 3— improve the ductility of the prestressed member. @ © Eng. Ezz El-Din Mostafa 2008. Internal forces due to prestressing JleaYl Ge BWI (B.M.D.) JSS pad ge ASS 49S Cur (cable) sts BWI pjell Ue 4! ed: (prestressing force)d# pi bs vio Wy (loads) © Simple beam with distributed load w_kN/m p PLO L qd Pe |} _2" — BMD. due to load " BMD. due to pres, 7” ° 7 - 77 wh? /8 Psinod — wl /2 — am 7 a on, S.P.D. due to load Psino=Po S.F.D. due to pres. wh /2 P Pcoso | Peoso “ N.F.D. due to pres. 777 2e 4e where: tan = T.-L Byadvo Bayly (0) *.° => sino=tano=0=4e/L © Eng. Ezz El-Din Mostafa 2008. Simple beam with single concentrated load: “ B.M.D. due to pres. 777 Psino Psino=P0 S.F.D. due to pres. Pcoso “ NPD. due to pres. 777 2e where: Tr tano= wre Byaboo Bly (0) *." >> sino=tand=0=2e/L © Eng. F/2 B.M.D. due to load FL/4 Ne vt F/2 S.F.D. due to load Ezz El—Din Mostafa 2008. Simple beam with distributed load w_kN/m w_kN/m B.M.D. due to load B.M.D. due to pres. 7 oa wl? /8 Psing wh /2| tp , A Psing=Po ° S.F.D. due to load 2” = S.P.D. due to pres. wl /2 Pcosp_ | ——_ Pecos bm SS NPD. due to pres, 777 tano=—22- = 42 On = Te T Byabo Bly (0) *." => sind=tand=0=4e/L © Eng. Ezz El-Din Mostafa 2008. Simple beam with single concentrated load: “ B.M.D. due to pres. 777 Psing Psino=Po Tm S.P.D. due to pres. Pcoso N.F.D. due to pres, 777 ze e tan 0= T7231 where: Byabo Byly 0) °° => sino=tando=0=2e/L B.M.D. due to load FL/4 Ne vt F/2 S.F.D. due to load I Le t Lf | © Eng. Ezz El-Din Mostafa 2008. Simple beam with double concentrated loads: Pe BMD. due to load ” BMD. due to pres. 777 ° 7 Psino F tay tm tam F Psine=Po S.F.D. due to pres. S.F.D. due to load Pcoso -—P cos bm NPD. due to pres. 777 L 1 r_ “1 Byabo &9l5 (0) *." ==> sind=tand= © Eng. Ezz El-Din Mostafa 2008. Polygon frame: N.F.D. due to pres. N.F.D. due to load Arch girder: : NPD. due to pres. N.F.D. due to load IV pole GL OY L45 (tie) JI 43 O95 (prestressing force) 4) bY (normal force compression) lasle(polygon frame & arch girder) © Eng. Ezz El-Din Mostafa 2008. Simple beam with double cantilevers: w kN/m I THU TH 24 degree parabola L. “ DL pte ZL ie | Pe Ly ; $ v 7 Wa Peg Pee BMD. due to load B.M.D, due to pres. Psindy Pinoy | 1 n nN . Lo pr 7 Psino, Psindg S.F.D. due to pres. S.F.D. due to load N.F.D. due to pres. © Eng. Ezz El-Din Mostafa 2008. Simple beam with double cantilevers: kN/m straight line WT |, |__—e___| ¢ Peg Peg BMD. due to pres. Psinog Psino, vam BMD. due to load % ZA Psing, Psindg S.F.D. due to pres. P Pcos 0g =r) [Pox | = = NPD. due to pres. _ 2(e +e2) _ 4(e +e2) le L a S.F.D. due to load © Eng. Ezz El-Din Mostafa 2008. Simple beam with single cantilever: w kN/m IT UT straight P Tine sre | P tin WT ee A Pe, y ; Y om B.M.D. due to pres. ? wm “2 BMD. due to load Psino, f ZN LE ZN v ce ” aa Psindg S.P.D. due to load Psinog S.F.D. due to pres. Pcosdg N.F.D. due to pres. _ eg +e, +(@ 40.50 ) = Lt 0.86 2e,+1.5e, 0 Tg 4, e; +(e, +0.5e,) _ _2e, +0.5e2 2, +0.5e, 1/2 L/2 © Eng. Ezz El-Din Mostafa 2008. Single cantilever frame: B.M.D. due to pres. BMD. due to load Double cantilever frame: © Eng. Ezz El-Din Mostafa 2008. oo BMD. due to load B.M.D. due to pres. Two hinged frame: i \ B.M.D. due to pres. | B.M.D. due to load i i I 1 et &e © Eng. Ezz El-Din Mostafa 2008. —————J BMD. due to pres. B.M.D. due to load NOT SANT Continuous beam: w_kN/m TUTE TT TTT TTT TTT TTT TT TT TTT TTT TTT B.M.D. due to load B.M.D. due to pres. © Eng. Ezz El-Din Mostafa 2008. Continuous beam with floating bay: w_kN/m ECRCECEECCCE CeCe CE eC cee Plan. of interior panel (floating bay) B.M.D. due to load B.M.D. due to pres. Simple beam with double cantilever: w_kN/m TUTTUTT TT TTT TTT TTT TTT TTT TTT B.M.D. due to load B.M.D. due to pres. © Eng. Ezz El-Din Mostafa 2008. — Design of prestressed members 9B) g GUA) olet GLax ge olan dl Gols BLE! pote puatiy Iga + pared! poe Job ule Ley Sb gl& 4(prestressing) Jac! HUI V Jol ye bb sles Il Gls paie dole sic 1- Transfer (initial) stage g (dead load) <= mw([v|— TTT) p [m0 et A le Sadly) JAY Go 5 Fble GI! ad ob tly yay Cogae deo (PB) ge 8S) gl! Uyiial 85M) 4.555 5 ni5(dead loads) (initial losses) P, =(1—initial losses).P, | SYLG Lay 8s all agBll ga (B,J eae g+p (total load) p POO p 2—- Working stage BABI Yael) SYLe Ge BLee agp wad Y FTI Lad yoyetd aba ye yoy (final losses) Cga> sey (P,) ge 8) gil Ugdisl 85) 55S 5 P, =(1-final losses).P, + Osa syall GSLs gle (check) Jee pe WY © Eng. Ezz El-Din Mostafa 2008. = check of stresses_ 7 (deat tn) B TUTTI TTT TTT B 1— Transfer stage for sec (1-1) Dead load I Prestressing yo _—_______, 7 L” 7 + a / /\9-P Mp R Re 4 A 4 She c T + le + = c T My R.ele “ditance between bottom fibres and centroid of section . br? For rectangular sections Z, =Z, = ve ee <| +oy — Stress distribution along beam length at transfer stage © Eng. Ezz El-Din Mostafa 2008. 2— Working stage 5 gtp (total toad) pe ALOU TTT 2 for sec (1-1) Total load I Prestressing re —_ Va 7 7 + Ve / AWE 2 x \ , N LE [ ov + P,.e / l / £ Ae Mmax A Z,

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