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Given that the diagonals AC and BD of parallelogram ABCD are congruent.

Consider triangles ABD and ACD.

AC = BD [Given]

AB = DC [opposite sides of a parallelogram]

AD = AD [Common side]

∴ ΔABD ≅ ΔDCA [SSS congruence criterion]

∠BAD = ∠CDA [CPCT]

∠BAD + ∠CDA = 180° [Adjacent angles of a parallelogram are supplementary.]

So, ∠BAD and ∠CDA are right angles as they are congruent and supplementary.

in a parallelogram ABCD, E and F are the midpoints of AB and CD respectively.

Show that the linesegments AF and EC trisect the diagonal BD.

Given ABCD is a parallelogram

Hence AB || CD
⇒ AE || FC
Also AB = CD (Opposite sides of parallelogram ABCD)
⇒ AE = FC (Since E and F are midpoints of AB and CD)
In quadrilateral AECF, one pair of opposite sides are equal and parallel.
∴ AECF is a parallelogram.
⇒ AF || EC (Since opposite sides of a parallelogram are parallel)
In ΔDPC, F is the midpoint of DC and FQ || CP
Hence Q is the midpoint of DQ by converse of midpoint theorem.
⇒ DQ = PQ → (1)
Similarly, in ΔAQB, E is the midpoint of AB and EP || AQ
Hence P is the midpoint of DQ by converse of midpoint theorem.
⇒ BP = PQ → (2)
From equations (1) and (2), we get
BP = PQ = DQ
Hence, the line segments AF and EC trisect the diagonal BD of parallelogram ABCD.