DESAIN PABRIK KIMIA

KELAS E
Nisrina Hutti - 2314100154

1. A process liquid is pumped from a storage tank to a distillation column using a

centrifugalpump. The pipeline is 80 mm internal diameter commercial steel pipe, 100
m long. Miscellaneous losses are equivalent to 600 pipe diameters. The storage tank
operates at atmospheric pressure and the column at 1.7 bar. the lowest liquid level in
the tank will be 1,5 m above the pump inlet. Properties of the fluid: density 900kg/m 3,
viscosity 1,36 mNm-2/s. Determine the specification of this pump!
Answers:
 Mencari total static head
Perbedaan ketinggian (∆z)= 3 – 1.5 = 1.5m
Perbedaan tekanan(∆P) = (1,7-1,013)105 = 0,7 x 105 N/m2
Ketinggian liquid = (0,7 x 105 N/m2)/(900 x 9,8) = 7,9 m
Total static head = 1,5 + 7,9 = 9,4m
 Dynamic head
Sebagai nilai awal, kecepatan fluida diasumsikan 1 m/s.
𝜋
Cross sectional area of pipe = 4 (80 x 10-3)2 = 5,03 x 10-3 m2

Volumetric flow rate = 1 x 5,03 x 10-3 x 3600 = 18,1 m3/h

900 𝑥 1 𝑥 80 𝑥 10−3
Reynold number = = 5,3 x 104
1.36 𝑥 10−3

Relative roughnesss = 0,46/80 = 0,0006

Mencari nilai factor friksi, didapatkan Ꝭ = 0.0027
Length including miscellaneouslosses = 100 + (600 x 80 x 103) = 148 m
148 12
(∆𝑃) = 8 𝑥 0,0027 𝑥 𝑥 900 𝑥 = 17,982 𝑁⁄𝑚2
80 𝑥 10−3 2
17,982 𝑁⁄𝑚2
= = 2,03 𝑚
𝑘𝑔
900 ⁄𝑚3 𝑥 9,8 𝑚⁄𝑠 2

Total head = 9,4 + 2,03 = 11,4 m

Untuk menghitung efisiensi pump, menghitung ulang total head pump dan mengganti
kecepatan. Lalu memplotting kurva seperti pada Figure A halaman 211, buku Coulson
and Richardson. Didapatkan efisiensi pompa sebesar 79%
 Rate liquid= 18,1 m3/h x 900 kg/m3 = 16290 kg/h
∆𝑣 2 ∆𝑃 0 0,7 𝑥 105
𝑊𝑠 = + ∆𝑧𝑔 + + ∑𝐹 = + 1,5 𝑥 9,8 + + 0,7 = 1144,03
2𝛼 𝜌 2𝑥1 900
−𝑊𝑠 = −𝜂 𝑥 𝑊𝑝  𝜂 = 79%
1144,03
𝑊𝑝 = = 1448,14 𝐽/𝑘𝑔
0,79
𝑘𝑔 𝐽 1ℎ
16290 𝑥 1448,14 𝑥
ℎ 𝑘𝑔 3600𝑠
𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 = = 6,55 𝑘𝑊 = 8,78 ℎ𝑝 say, 9 hp
1000

Equipment Specification
Name Pump (P-111)
Function To discharge liquid process from storage tank to distillation
column
Type Centrifugal Pump
Capacity 16290 kg
Power 9 hp
Material Commercial Steel Pipe
Amount 1 equipment

2. The capital cost of a plant to produce 100 ton/day of aniline was 8.5 million US dollars
in mid – 1999. Estimate the cost in Rupiah in January 2018. Take the exchange rates as
1$ = Rp 9.000,- in mid – 1999 and 1$ = Rp 13.500 in January 2018.
Answers:
Dari Chemical Engineering Magazine

CEPCI trend
700
y = 8.7257x - 17021
600 R² = 0.959

500
400
300
200
100
0
1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
-100
Menggunakan Chemical Engineering Index untuk mid – 1999 yaitu 391. Sedangkan
Chemical Engineering Index untuk Januari 2018 diperkirakan 587.
Lalu mengestimasi capital cost plant pada awal 2018:

587
8.5 x 106 x391= $ 12978261
𝑅𝑝 13500
$12978261 x = Rp175.206.521.739
$1

3. Estimate the cost of the following items of equipment

Semua harga yang digunakan menggunakan tabel 6.2 dari Coulson, berbasis tahun
2004. Maka Ce saat tahun 2004 adalah:
a) Boiler (20000 kg/h steam at 10 bar)
From table 6.2:
Purchase cost (Ce) = CSn
= 70 x 200000,8
= £193162
Harga alat pada tahun 2004 adalah £193200
b) Centrifugal Compressor (75 kW)
From table 6.2:
Purchase cost (Ce) = CSn
= 1160 x 750,8
= £36686
Harga alat pada tahun 2004 adalah £36700
c) Plate and frame filter press (10 m2)
From table 6.2:
Purchase cost (Ce) = CSn
= 5400 x 100,6
= £21497
Harga alat pada tahun 2004 adalah £21500
d) Floating roof storage tank (Capacity 50000 m3)
Assume 1 tank = 5000 m3
From table 6.2:
Purchase cost (Ce) = CSn
= 2500 x 50000,55
= £270628
 say, £271000
It needs 10 tanks, so the cost will be multiplied by 10
Purchase cost (Ce) total = 10 x £271000
= £2710000
Harga alat pada tahun 2004 adalah £2710000
e) Cone roof tank (Capacity 35000 m3)
Assume 1 tank = 5000 m3
From table 6.2:
Purchase cost (Ce) = CSn
= 1400 x 50000,55
= £151551
say, £151600
It needs 7 tanks, so the cost will be multiplied by 7
Purchase cost (Ce) total = 7 x £151600
= £1061200
Harga alat pada tahun 2004 adalah £2710000