Automatic street light control is used to control the street lights(Turn on and off based on the

light).

Here we make use of LDR(Light Dependent Resistor) and LED(Light Emitting diode) and
arduino.

Hard Ware Components Required:

1) LDR

2)LED

3)4.7k Resistor

4)Bread Board

5)Connecting wires

6)Arduino

LDR is used to detect the light, Arduino is used to on/off the Light.

LDR
A Light Dependent Resistor works on the principle of photo conductivity.
Photo conductivity is an optical phenomenon in which the materials conductivity is increased when light
is absorbed by the material.
When light falls i.e. when the photons fall on the device, the electrons in the valence band of the
semiconductor material are excited to the conduction band. These photons in the incident light should
have energy greater than the band gap of the semiconductor material to make the electrons jump from
the valence band to the conduction band. Hence when light having enough energy strikes on the device,
more and more electrons are excited to the conduction band which results in large number of charge
carriers. The result of this process is more and more current starts flowing through the device when the
circuit is closed and hence it is said that the resistance of the device has been decreased. This is the
most common working principle of LDR.

Led Blinking using Arduino :

Arduino 3rd pin is connect to +ve pin of LED and -ve end of LED is connect to ground through 4.7k.
Step 1: Program for LED Blinking
void setup() {
// initialize digital pin 03 as an output. //
pinMode(3, OUTPUT);
}
// the loop function runs over and over again forever
void loop()
{
digitalWrite(3, HIGH); // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level)
delay(1000); // wait for a second
digitalWrite(3, LOW); // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW
delay(1000); // wait for a second
}

Hardware Required:
1) Arduino Uno
2)LED
3)4.7k Resistor
4) Connecting wires
5) Bread Board

Hardware Connections.-

Arduino 3rd pin connected to LED +ve

Arduino GND connected to LED -ve through 4.7k

Arduino +5v is connected to LDR One End

Arduino A0 pin is connected to LDR other end

Arduino GND is connected to LDR other end with 4.7k

Arduino