Valmiki RamayanFnl PDF

jkek;.
k ds
T;ksfr&LrEHk
jkek;.k ds
Translated from:
'Lectures on the Ramayana'

T;ksfr&LrEHk
by The Rt. Hon. V.S. Srinivasa Sastri okYehfdÏr ^jkek;.k^ ds ik=ksa ij Vhdk
Madras Samskrit Academy, 1949 fn jkbV vkWujscy oh- ,l Û Jhfuokl 'kkL=h
vuqokfndk %
MkW Û Jhefr lq'khyk HkVukxj
fo"k;µlwph
v/;k; fo"k; i`"B

çLrkouk 7
^jkek;.k ds T;ks f r&LrEHk* 1. igyk v/;k; Hkwfedk 9
esjs fnoaxr firk] 2. nwljk v/;k; ckY;koLFkk 21
Jh xks d q y fd'kks j HkVukxj 3. rhljk v/;k; y{e.k 34
rFkk ekrk lR;orh] 4. pkSFkk v/;k; y{e.k 45
fo|k&vuq j kfxuh dks lknj 5. ik¡pok¡ v/;k; jke 63
lefiZ r A
6. NBk v/;k; jke 78
7. lkrok¡ v/;k; jke 93
8. vkBok¡ v/;k; jke 106
9. uok¡ v/;k; jke 116
10. nlok¡ v/;k; jke 134
11. X;kjgok¡ v/;k; jke 158
12. ckjgok¡ v/;k; jke 180
13. rsjgok¡ v/;k; Hkjr 206
14. pkSngok¡ v/;k; lqxzho 230

15. iUægok¡ v/;k; foHkh"k.k 247
16. lksygok¡ v/;k; foHkh"k.k 257 çLrkouk

17. l=gok¡ v/;k; guqeku 279
18. vëkjgok¡ v/;k; guqeku 286
19. mékhlok¡ v/;k; guqeku 298

çLrqr iqLrd okYehfdÏr *jkek;.k^ ij 30 O;k[;kuksa dk] tks *jkek;.k^ ds
20. chlok¡ v/;k; guqeku 310
eeZK] çdkaM iafMr] laLÏr fo}ku dq'ky jktuhfrK fnoaxr jkbV vkWujscy Jh-
21. bDdhlok¡ v/;k; guqeku 324 oh- ,l-Jhfuokl 'kkL=h th }kjk laLÏr vdkneh eækl (psékS) ds rRoko/kku esa
lEiék gq, Fks] vaxt sz Ûh ls fgUnh esa vuqokn gSAa bu O;k[;kuksa dk 'kqHkkjEHk lu~ vçSy
22. ckbZlok¡ v/;k; jko.k 341
1944 esa vkSj lekiu lkr eghus i'pkr~ uoEcj 1944 gqvk] fdUrq iqLrd ds :i
23. rsbl
Z ok¡ v/;k; jko.k 357 esa budk çdk'ku lu~ 1949 esa gh laHko gks ldkA
24. pkSchlok¡ v/;k; jko.k 374 'kkL=h th us eglwl fd;k fd vk/kqfud ;qx dk ;qok oxZ Hkkjrh; laLÏfr
vkSj lH;rk ds vkn'kks± dks Hkwyrk tk jgk gS] mleas ijEijkvksa ds çfr vfHk#fp de
25. iPphlok¡ v/;k; lhrk 401 gksrh tk jgh gSA vr,o] mudk igyk lUns'k ;gh Fkk fd muesa viuh laLÏfr dh
26. NCchlok¡ v/;k; lhrk 411 tkx`fr yxkuk cgqr vko';d gSA
'kkL=h th ,d euksoSKkfud eeZK FksA mUgksaus jke ds çfr okYehfd dk
27. lÙkkbZlok¡ v/;k; lhrk 433 ekuorkoknh n`f"Vdks.k viuk;k] D;ksfa d ;gh yksd dY;k.k dk vuqdj.kh; d.k gSA
28. vëkbZlok¡ v/;k; dSds;h 455 euq"; esa {kerk gS vkSj og viuh vkRe'kfDr ls vius dks Å¡ps ls Å¡pk mBk ldrk
gSA ;g jke dkO; fdlh ,d fl¼kUr dks çfrikfnr ugha djrkA ;g rks lewpk
29. muÙkhlok¡ v/;k; dkS'kY;k vkSj lqfe=k 484 thou n'kZu gSA
30. rhlok¡ v/;k; &&&& 507 egkRek xk¡/kh us tc muds fopkjksa dh ppkZ lquh] os 'kkL=h th ls vLirky
es]a mudh e`R;q ls dqN le; iwo]Z feys vkSj viuh bPNk O;Dr dh fd bu fopkjksa
dks fyfic¼ gksuk pkfg;sA fdUrq iqLrd ds çdk'ku ls iwoZ nksuksa gh pys x,A
oLrqr% 'kkL=h th dh ^jkek;.k* dsoy jke dFkk ugha] vfirq mlds ik=ksa ds
pfj= dk euksoK S kfud ;FkkFkZoknh vkykspukRed foospu gSA y{e.k] jke] Hkjr]
lqxzho] foHkh"k.k] guqeku] jko.k] lhrk] dSds;h] dkS'kY;k vkSj lqfe=k vkfn ds
pfj= dkA mUgksaus muds dsoy xq.kksa dks gh ugha] detÛksfj;ksa dks Hkh HkyhHkk¡fr
igpkuk gSA bl çdkj egkdkO; ^jkek;.k* ds vkykspukRed foospu esa 'kkL=h th
dk ;ksxnku v{kq..k gSA
7
mÙkj Hkkjr esa rqylhnkl Ïr ^jkepfjrekul* lokZf/kd yksdfç; gSA vU;
çknsf'kd Hkk"kkvksa esa Hkh vusd ^jkek;.k* çpfyr gSAa çns'kksa esa vis{kkd`r ôkYehdh
jkek;.k ^dh tkudkjh de gSaA fgUnh {ks= dh turk esa okYehfd jkek;.k esa
lf=fgr lEiw.kZ ekuo thou n'kZu dks voxr djus ds fopkj ls 'kkL=h th ds xzFa k
igyk v/;k;
dk fgUnh Hkk"kk esa ljy vuqokn djus dk ç;kl fd;k x;k gSA Hkwfedk
lu~ 1977 esa tc ysf[kdk dks ^nf{k.k Hkkjr fgUnh çpkj lHkk ^ esa MkW- jk?kou
ls feyus dk lkSHkkX; çkIr gqvk] rc mUgksua s crk;k Fkk fd xk¡/kh th dh bPNk Fkh
fd 'kkL=h th dh bu iqLrd dk vuqokn lHkh Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa esa gksuk pkfg;sA
vr,o ;g iqLrd ckiw ds çfr HkkoHkhuh J¼katfy Hkh gSA vius thou esa dHkh okrkZ ds iwoZ eq>s bruh ?kcjkgV ugha gqb]Z ftruh fd vktA
blds dbZ dkj.k gSaA buesa ls ,d&nks eSa vo'; crkÅ¡xkA çFke] rks ?kksf"kr
dk;ZHkkj dks fuHkkus ds fy, esjh furkUr vkRe'kadkA f}rh;] esjs le{k mifLFkr
& MkW- Jhefr lq'khyk HkVukxj
Jksrkx.k dk Lo:i] tks eq>s Hk;Hkhr dj jgk gSA r`rh;] çfrik| fo"k; dh
mRÏ"Vrk] ftl ij vR;Ur ekSfyd fopkjdksa ds fy, Hkh dguk dfBu gksxk] tks

dqN u;k yxsA ijUrq bl ijEijkxr fopkj ls eq>s <k<Ûl feyrk gS fd tc dksbZ
^jkek;.k* tSls fo"k;ksa ij cksyrk gS] rks blls dksbZ fo'ks"k vUrj ugha iMÛrk fd
oDrk dh ;ksX;rk fdruh vi;kZIr gSA tks lquus vkrs gS]a muds ân; jlkuqHkwfr ds
fo'ks"k fuosnu fy, brus rRij gksrs gSa fd dfe;k¡ vkSj =qfV;k¡] pkgs fdruh Hkh xEHkhj D;ksa u gks]a
os mUgsa uTÛkj&vUnkTÛk dj nsrs gSAa blds vfrfjDr eSa ,slk Hkh vuqHko dj jgk gw¡ fd
bl iqLrd dh vuqokfndk] esjh ekrkJh] MkW- lq'khyk HkVukxj us viuk MkWDVªVs eSa rks vius fpjifjpr ef;ykiqjokfl;ksa ds le{k cksy jgk gw¡] ftlus u dsoy eSa
psékS fLFkr ^nf{k.k Hkkjr fgUnh çpkj lHkk] ^ ftldk xBu Loa; xka/kh th dh çsj.kk lgkuqHkwfr dh vis{kk dj ldrk gw¡] oju~ vckf/kr vuqxgz dh HkhA
ls fd;k x;k Fkk] ls fd;k FkkA eSa ^jkek;.k* dk foospu ,d vkykspd iafMr dh gSfl;r ls djus ugha tk
mudk nsgkUr 5 twu] 2003 dks gqvkA blls nks fnol iwoZ mUgsa muds lRxq#] jgk gw¡A bldk jpuk dky] Jh jke dh ,sfrgkfldrk] blds drZ`Ro dk Lo:i]
n;ky iq#"k lar n'kZuflag th egkjkt] vius fnO;&Lo:i es]a mUgsa ysus vk;s& ,dkadh vFkok vusdkadh] bl dFkk dh :ijs[kk vkSj C;ksjs ds fy, okYehfd nwljksa
tSls fd e`R;q ds le; lar&er ds nhf{krksa dks lnSo muds iw.kZ xq# ysus vkrs gS]a ds fdrus ½.kh gS]a orZeku o`ÙkkUr fdruk çkekf.kd gS vkSj D;k rÙor% bldks
vkSj mUgksaus iwjh jkf= vkºykn~ dh voLFkk esa xqtÛkjhA çkr%dky] mUgksaus eq>s okYehfd dh jpuk ekuk tk ldrk gS] vFkok] tSlk dqN v/;srkvksa dk er gS]
cqykdj bldk fooj.k nsrs gq, vius lRxq# dh 'kku eas ,d dfork& 'kk;n mudh blds çkIr :i ds dqN va'kksa dks çf{kIr eku dj gesa NksMÛ nsuk pkfg,A ,sls lHkh
çFke o vfUre Hkh& fy[kok;hA lkFk&lkFk bl iqLrd dk ^leiZ.k^ Hkh fy[kok;k] ç'u esjs ç;kstu ls ckgj gSAa blds vfrfjDr esjh ,d vkSj vleFkZrk gS] ftldks
ftl ij mUgksua s esjs firk] MkW- lw;Z çdk'k HkVukxj dh çsj.kk ls] vuFkd esgur dh eSa vkjEHk esa gh vkids le{k Lohdkj djuk pkgrk gw¡] ,d ,slh foo'krk gS] tks fd
FkhA fQj os nqfu;k ls iw.kZr;k% vuklä gksdj ,d ç'kkUr voLFkk esa pyh xb±A esjs çfr vkids dFkkuqjkx ds furkUr çfrdwy gSA Ïi;k bl fo"k; esa eq>s iwjs mnkj
Hkko ls lquAas eSa vkt ds ckn lkadfs rd :i ds vfrfjDr jke dks Hkxoku eku dj
ugha pyw¡xkA ;g dsoy blhfy, gh ugha fd vius çf'k{k.k ds dkj.k nsoRo fo"k;d
& pSrU; çnhi HkVukxj ppkZ ds fy, eSa loZFkk v;ksX; gw¡& tgk¡ bl çdkj dh egku ppkZ;as gksrh gS]a ogk¡ eSa
cMÛh fouezrk ls ljd tkrk gw¡& esjh ekU;rk gS fd *jkek;.k* dk v/;;u lknj
9
10 jkek;.k ds T;ksfr&LrEHk igyk v/;k; 11

J¼kiwod Z ] blds uk;d vkSj ukf;dk ds mu egku xq.kksa dk iwjk&iwjk ewY;kadu rks eSa bl dkO; ds mu ik=ksa ds thou o vkpj.k dk ewY;akdu d:¡xk] ftUgksua s bl
djrs gq, fd;k tkuk pkfg,] ftUgksua s ;qx&;qxksa ls tu&thou ij vçfre çHkko dkO; esa fof'k"V Hkwfedk vnk dh gSA Lo;a Jh jke dk pfj= igys yw¡xkA eSa Lo;a
Mkyk gS vkSj tks Hkfo"; esa Hkh muds thou vkSj vkpj.k dks çHkkfor djrs jgsxa As ugha tkurk fdrus le; rd os eq>s ck¡/ks jgsxa ]s rkRi;Z ;g gS fd u tkus fdruss
bl egku dkO; dks i<Ûus ij esjh ;g /kkj.kk çcy gksrh tkrh gS fd ^jkek;.k* O;k[;kuksa esa eSa bl cgqe[q kh egku pfj= dks vuko`r dj ldw¡xkA gesa muds thou
ekuo jfpr loZJ"s B egkdkO;ksa esa ls ,d gSA eSa rks bls loZFkk egkdkO; gh dgw¡xkA ds fofHkék igyqvksa ij fopkj djuk gS& fdl çdkj mUgksua s vkus okys le; esa
ijUrq bl dFku esa eq>s dqN fgpfdpkgV gS D;ksfa d eq>s led{k egkdkO;ksa ds ewy viuh foy{k.k Hkwfedk vnk djus ds fy;s vius dks rS;kj fd;k] vkSj fdl çdkj
:iksa dh tkudkjh ugha gSA fuLlUnsg] ;g mu xzUFkksa esa ls ,d gS] ftUgksaus muds bnZ&fxnZ ds vU; ik=ksa es]a ftudk egÙo dqN de ugha gS] muds pfj= dks
tu&ekul ds Hkko vkSj fopkjksa dks lexz :i ls çHkkfor fd;k gS] u dsoy mudks vkSj Hkh Å¡pk mBk;k] dHkh mldks funsfZ 'kr fd;k] dHkh mldks efgekfUor Hkh
tks bldks ekSfyd ;k vuqokn :i esa i<Û lds gS]a cfYd gekjs ns'k ds mu yk[kksa fd;kA rRi'pkr~ eSa leLr lkfgR; dh vçfre ukf;dk] lhrk dk pfj= fp=.k
yksxksa dks Hkh] tks dnkfpr~~ gekjh lkaLÏfrd ijkdk"Bk ds le; esa Hkh fuj{kj jgs d:¡xk] ftldk uke lc ns'kksa vkSj lc dkyksa esa lnSo gh fL=;ksfpr leLr xq.kksa
gksxa s vkSj ftUgksua s ;g dFkk vius ?kj ij ekrk&firk ls lquh gksxh vFkok ckgj dk i;kZ; jgk gSA eq>s ;g dgrs [ksn gksrk gS fd gekjs chp Hkh dHkh&dHkh bl
lkoZtfud mRloksa ij dFkk&okpdksa }kjk tks bl iq.;Hkwfe dh ,d fo'ks"krk jgs gSA pfj= dk lE;d ewY;kadu ugha gksrkA bl fopkj ds dqçHkko ds dkj.k dh] ekSfyd
bl egkdkO; dk dFkkud bruk yksdçpfyr gS fd cPps Hkh blls HkyhHkk¡fr :i esa os pkgs fdruh Hkh egku D;ksa u Fkha] cnuke ukjh tkfr gksus ds dkj.k gekjs
ifjfpr gSAa vr,o bldh ckj&ckj çLrqfr esa u rks vyadj.k dh xqt a kb'k gS vkSj chp vius dks ^Js"B ekuo* ekuus okys iq#"k leqnk; ds fdlh oxZ }kjk bl ukjh
u gh fdlh vlk/kkj.k /;kukd"kZ.k djus dh vis{kkA esjh dksbZ ,slh vfHkyk"kk Hkh tkfr ij NksVs&eksVs ykaNu yxk dj fuank dh tk ldrh gSA rRi'pkr~ bl
ugha gSA ijUrq D;k eSa ,d ?kksj fujk'kkoknh vkSj vius ifjos'k dks xÛyr le>us egkdkO; ds lcls egRoiw.kZ ik=] guqeku] dk o.kZu djsxa _s fQj vU; ik=ksa dkA
okyk ekuk tkÅ¡xk] ;fn eSa cMÛs 'kksd vkSj nq%[k ls dgw¡ fd lEHkor% vkt dh ih<Ûh ,d {k.k ds fy;s Hkh eSa ,slk ugha ekurk fd eSa vkidks dksbZ ,slh phTÛk
^jkek;.k* ls mruh lqifjfpr ugha gS] ftruh iqjkuh ih<Ûh FkhA D;k ;g lR; ugha gS lqukÅ¡xk] tks vkidks ekywe u gks ;k vkids fnekxÛ esa u vkbZ gks ;k fdlh nwljs ds
fd Ldwy vkSj dkWfyt ds vla[; fo|k£Fk;ksa dh i<ÛkbZ&fy[kkbZ gekjh lH;rk vkSj }kjk vkidks lq>kbZ u xbZ gksA eq>s cgqr lUnsg gS fd tc rd dksbZ ekSfydrk
laLÏfr ds ewy òksrksa ds lE;DKku ds vHkko esa gks jgh gSA D;k ;g dguk çn'kZu ds fy;s gh dksbZ ekSfyd gksuk u pkgs] rc rd dksbZ Hkkjrh; bl çdkj dh
vfr'k;ksfDriw.kZ gksxk ;fn ;g vk'kadk O;Dr dh tk;ss fd ubZ ih<Ûh *jkek;.k^ ds O;k[;k esa dksbZ ubZ phTÛk ns lds] ftl ij iwoZ esa iw.kZ:is.k fopkj foe'kZ u gks pqdk
lfoLrkj dFkkud] ik=ksa ds mRÏ"V pfj=] vk[;kuksa ds egÙo vkSj foHko tks çk;% gksA iqu% bl Hkwfedk dks lekIr djus ds iwoZ eSa vkils dguk pkgw¡xk fd ;s fopkj
lHkh Hkkjr dh çknsf'kd Hkk"kkvksa ,oa laLÏr esa miyC/k gS]a muls i;kZIr :i ls vkids lEeq[k vkils dksbZ tkudkj O;fDr çdV ugha dj jgk gSA mldk rkRi;Z rks
ifjfpr ugha gS\ D;k ;g dguk vfr'k;ksfDr gksxh fd ^jkek;.k* dk dksbZ v/;srk] dsoy bruk gh gS fd FkksMÛs ls le; ds fy;s og vkidks O;Lr j[kuk pkgrk gS] ,d
tks bldh ikourk vkSj gekjh lH;rk dks le>us esa blds cstksMÛ egÙo ls ,sls dke esa ftlls eu vkSj vkRek ds fy;s vf/kd ykHkçn 'kk;n gh dqN vkSj gksA
HkyhHkk¡fr ifjfpr gS]a ,d vf/kdka'k uo;qodksa dh lHkk dks dqN ykHk igq¡pkus dh ;s lquh lqukbZ ckrsa vki fQj Hkh lquuk pkgsxa As eSa dksbZ fo'ks"k ckr vkidks u Hkh
vk'kk Hkh dj ldrk gS\ esjk fo'okl gS fd vkt Hkh vkSj Hkfo"; esa Hkh] lkfgR; ds lqukÅ¡ fdUrq fQj Hkh ckn esa 'kk;n vki dgsxa ]s Þvkneh rks Hkyk gS] ;|fi TÛ;knk
bl loksZifj lqUnj ,oa jlklfDr dFkkud dh vksj vknj Hkko ls eqMÛus dh dqN ugha tkurkA bruk Hkj gh lquus ds fy;s D;k gesa ;gk¡ ,df=r djuk
vko';drk gksxhA dnkfpr~~ oDrk vkSj Jksrk ds le; dk dksbZ nq#i;ksx ugha gksxk] vko';d Fkk\ [ÛkjS ] dksbZ ckr ughaA vkf[Ûkj geus vius jke ds gh fo"k; esa dqN
;fn os lkFk lkFk jke vkSj lhrk ds thoupfj= ij çse vkSj vuqjkx ds lkFk euu ppkZ lquh vkSj ,sls dke esa yxk le; O;FkZ x¡ok;k ugha ekuk tkrkAß esjh vksj
djsa vkSj ml ifjfLFkfr ifjos'k dks Hkh le>s]a ftlesa n'kjFk dh Hkwfedk bl egku nsf[k, vkSj tks dqN Hkh eSa dgw¡ mls fu"diV çse Hkko ls xzg.k dhft,A vki lc rks
dFkkud dk vkjEHkfcUnq cuhA ;g lqifjfpr dgkor tkurs gh gksxa ]s ;fn ge ik= dks ty ds ,d egku HkaMkj esa
vkt eSa dsoy bl lqUnj dkO; ds çfr viuk n`f"Vdks.k crkuk pkgw¡xkA ;fn Mkys]a rks ik= viuh lekbZ ds vuqdy w gh ikuh xzg.k djsxkA ge lc Hkh blh
vxyh okrkZvksa esa eq>s blh çdkj ds Jksrkx.k ds le{k vkus dk lkSHkkX; çkIr gqvk] leku gSAa dqN cgqr cqf¼eku gSAa tc os bl çdkj dh iqLrdksa dk v/;;u djrs

gS]a muds fopkj cgwr mPp Lrj ds gksrs gS]a ftudh tMÛas 'kkL=ksa vkSj ikou fof/k& i`Fkd~ fd;k tkuk laHko gS] tgk¡ og euq";ksa ds chp vorfjr ,d bZ'oj ds :i esa
fo/kku esa gksrh gSa vkSj tks mUgsa deksc's k mu ekSfyd fopkjdksa ds led{k ys vkrs mudk o.kZu djrk gSA tks yksx ,slk lksprs gSa fd cht :i esa rks dFkk ds jke
gS]a çkphu le; esa ftUgksua s gekjh laLÏfr dh uhao Mkyh FkhA ml mPp Lrj ls dsoy euq"; gSa vkSj nsoRo dk vkjksi vkxkeh ;qxksa dh nsu gS] os dsoy vVdy
ysdj lk/kkj.k fo|kFkhZ ds Lrj rd] tks fd dsoy viuh vufHkKrk gh çn£'kr dj yxk jgs gSAa okLro esa okYehfd ds dFkkud dk ;g J¼kHkko gSA blesa ys'kek= Hkh
ldrk gS] vusd Jsf.k;k¡ gSAa çR;sd viuh&viuh {kerk ds vuqdy w gh xzg.k djrk xÛyrQÛgeh dh xqt a kb'k ugha gSA eSa blesa lUnsg djus dh /k`"Vrk ugha dj ldrk
gSA D;ksfa d vusd LFkkuksa esa ;gh Hkko O;kIr gSA okYehfd vusd ckj ;g dgrs gSa fd jke
dqN le; iwoZ vius vkRela'k; ds lUnHkZ esa eSua s vius ,d fe= dks dqN bl Hkxoku FksA ijUrq vius dks lhekc¼ djds os euq";ksa ds chp vorfjr gq,] ,d
çdkj fy[kk Fkk] ßeku yks] rqe eækl ds ejhuk leqæ rV x, gks] rqEgkjs lkeus QSyk fo'ks"k ç;kstu ds fy;s& nq%[kh l`f"V ds nq%[kfuokj.k gsrAq
gqvk vikj lkxj] çÏfr ds oSHko vkSj vcks/k xE;rk dk lk{khA ;fn ,sls leqæ rV ijUrq bl egkdkO; dk vfHkçk; le>us ds fy;s bl fo'okl ds vk/kkj dk
ij dksbZ dfo cSBk gksxk] rks rqe mlesa ikvksxs ml HkO; n`'; ds çfr Hkkoksnx~ kjA ;fn okLrfod egÙo D;k gS\ loZfofnr gS fd lHkh lkfgfR;d lekykspukvksa es]a Hkkjr
dksbZ nk'kZfud ogk¡ gksxk] rks og ml egku ladYi ds fo"k; esa fpUru djds mldh esa Hkh] ;g ewyHkwr LohÏr fl¼kUr gS fd dksbZ egkdkO; ,d dykRed jpuk gksrh
lajpuk dks le>us dk ç;kl djsxk] ftlds }kjk ;s phTÛkas varfj{k esa fo|eku gqbA± gS] ftldk vfHkçk; gksrk gS euq"; dks Å¡pk mBkukA ;g lc rks Li"V gS gh] ;fn
;fn ogk¡ dksbZ /keZfu"B O;fDr gksxk] rks og dsoy ml egku lÙkk dk fpUru djrk Hkxoku gekjs chp euq"; :i /kkj.k djds vk,] rks mUgksua s ,slk gesa ;g fl[kkus ds
gksxk] ftlus leqæ] vkdk'k vkSj bl lalkjpØ dh vU; oLrq,¡ cukb±A buds fy;s fd;k fd dSls jguk pkfg, vkSj thou esa viuh Hkwfedk;sa fuHkkus ds fy;s dSls
lkFk&lkFk rqEgsa ,sls cPps Hkh fn[kkbZ nsxa ]s tks dsoy jsr dks ysdj ,d&nwljs ij mNky rS;kjh djuh pkfg, vkSj dSls mls fuHkkuk pkfg,A ;g egkdkO; bl çdkj dh f'k{kk
jgs gksxa As çR;sd O;fDr vius&vius <ax ls Hkwfedk vnk dj jgk gSAÞ eSa Hkh ,d cPps ls ykHkkfUor gksus ds fy;s i<Ûk tkuk pkfg, vkSj thou ds gj eksMÛ ij fu;eu ds
ds gh leku gw¡] FkksMÛh jsr vki ij mNky jgk gw¡ & fcYdqy LokHkkfod :i lsA blhfy, fy;s] mlls mPp dksfV dh f'k{kk xzg.k djuh pkfg,A ;g lc rks Li"V gSA Hkxoku
Ïi;k eq>s Hkh esjk LFkku nhft,A eSa vius LoHkko ds vuq:i gh dqN djus dk gdÛnkj us jke ds :i esa v;ks/;k ds jktdh; ?kjkus esa tUe fy;k] rkfd os vkSj fofHkék
gw¡A fo'kkyrk iw.kZ :is.k D;k le> ldrk gw¡\ Ïi;k eq> ij dksbZ n;kHkko u trkb;s ukrs&fj'rs }kjk muls lac¼ vU; yksx viuh&viuh Hkwfedkvksa }kjk ykSfdd thou
vkSj u gh esjk frjLdkj dhft,A eSa tks dqN dj ldrk gw¡ ogh dj jgk gw¡] blls ds lgh Lo:i dk mnkgj.k çLrqr dj lds]a vkSj mls çekf.kr dj ldsAa ;fn ge
vf/kd vkSj dqN ugha dj ldrk gw¡A vlhe lkxj dh lc iwtk djrs gS]a eSa Hkh ml bl egkdkO; dks bl mís'; ls ugha i<Ûrs gS]a rks gesa mlls dksbZ ykHk ugha gksxk&
vlhe dks gh J¼katfy v£ir dj jgk gw¡A fcYdqy ughaA efgyk;sa pkgs fdruh Hkh mPp f'kf{kr gksa vFkok fujk{kj] lHkh lhrk
vc eSa vius O;k[;ku ds fo"k; esa viuk n`f"Vdks.k crkuk pkgw¡xkA vki dh dgkuh ls f'k{kk xzg.k djrh gSAa blls ls vNwrh dSls ldrh gS\a ßlhrk us ,slk
yksxksa esa tks bl dFkk dh mRifÙk dks ikjEifjd :i esa ekurs gS&a eSa tkurk gw¡ os fd;k] oSlk fd;kA pkgs eSa fcYdqy rks oSlk u dj ldw¡] pkgs ,slk djus esa iw.kZr;k
vf/kd la[;k esa gS&a os viuh bl ekU;rk dks cuk, j[k ldrs gSa fd jko.k ds ?kksj vlQy jgw¡] fQj Hkh eq>s vius lkeus ml vkn'kZ dks vo'; j[kuk pkfg,A D;k
vR;kpkjksa ds dkj.k] u dsoy i`Foh ij oju~ lEiw.kZ l`f"V ij] nsorkvksa dks mfpr gS] D;k lehphu gS esjs fy;s] ftldk mnkgj.k bl egku thou pfj= esa
loZ'kfDreku bZ'oj ls lgk;rk ek¡xus ij foo'k gksuk iMÛkA loZ'kfDreku bZ'oj us feyrk gSA mls eq>s dHkh uTÛkj&vUnkTÛk ugha djuk pkfg,A eq>s rks ,slk çrhr gksrk
n;k dj l`f"V dk d"V fuokj.k djus gsrq euq"; :i esa vorkj fy;kA vki fo'okl gS] jke vkSj lhrk us ,slk thou O;rhr fd;k] la?k"kZ fd;k vkSj ?kksj d"V lgs esjs gh
jf[k;s eSa ,slh dksbZ ckr ugha dgw¡xk] ftlls vkidk J¼kHkko TÛkjk&lk Hkh fopfyr fy;s] rkfd eSa vius bl thou ls dgha csgrj O;fDr cu ldw¡]Þ muesa ls çR;sd
gksA ;g fo'okl dsoy vkidk gh ugha gSA ;g Hkko rks bl iqLrd esa loZ= O;kIr gSA Lo;a ls ,slk dgrh gSA ;fn ;g ckr gS] rks gekjs fy;s ;g mfpr gksxk fd ge bl
okYehfd Hkh Jh jke dks iwjh dFkk esa bZ'oj ds vorkj :i esa çLrqr djrs gSa ;|fi ij /;ku nsa fd fdl çdkj dfo ds gkFkksa esa bu egku ik=ksa dk fodkl gqvk gS]
muds v/khul] muds egku lg;ksxhx.k Hkh] vorkj gh FksA pkgs fdruh gh ckj eSa çk;% tUe ls gh vkSj dSls ckn esa vius nh?kZ thou esa os mPp Lrj ij vusdkusd
bl dgkuh dks i<Û¡w] eSa ;g ugha eku ldrk fd mu va'kksa dks] tgk¡ dfo jke dks ifjfLFkfr;ksa vkSj vuqHkoksa ds chp xqTÛkjs gekjh rqyuk esa dgha vf/kdA esjs fopkj esa
ekuoh; lhek cU/kuksa lfgr ,d ekuo ek= ds :i esa bafxr djrk gS] mu va'kksa ls ;fn dksbZ bl dkO; dks viuh vkRek ds mRFkku ds fufeÙk i<Ûrk gS] rks og ik;sxk

fd bl y{; dh çkfIr dk lcls lqxe mik; ;g gS fd eq[; ik=ksa ij mudks euq"; dj jgk gS] og rks veqd ?kj dk jlksb;k gS!Þ eku yks] dksbZ bl çdkj vkidh
ekudj /;ku ns]a ;Fkk dSls mUgksua s euq";ksa dh Hkk¡fr viuh Hkwfedk;sa fuHkkb±] ftUgsa rkRdkfyd ekufld fLFkfr dks vLr O;Lr dj ns vFkok ik= Lo;a ,d&nwljs ls
lkekU; ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa thou ds çR;sd eksMÛ ij tulk/kkj.k dks djuk iMÛrk gSA jksTÛkejkZ dh Hkk¡fr ckrphr djus yxs]a rks vki ,slk vuqHko djsxa s fd fdlh us
bldks i<Ûrs le; ;k fdlh LFkku fo'ks"k ij] ewy rÙo dks tkurs gq, HkhA ;fn vki cyiwod Z ,d egku vk/;kfRed lEink vkils Nhu yh] vkSj og Hkh ,sls le; esa
Lo;a ls ,slk dgs]a ßvjs os rks Hkxoku Fks] os dqN Hkh dj ldrs FksA os rks nsoh Fkha] tc vki vius lkeus ,d egku ?kVuk ds mHkjrs fp= dk voyksdu dj jgs Fks
dqN Hkh dj ldrh FkhaA ;g lc dqN eq> ij ykxw ugha gksrk]Þ rks vki dFkk ds ewy vkSj ?kj&x`gLFkh dh lc ckrsa Hkqykdj] mlls lehÏr gks x;s FksA tc rd vki
vfHkçk; dks le>us esa vleFkZ jgsxa As çR;sd dk;Z] tks mUgksua s fd;k] çR;sd ckr ogk¡ gS]a vkidh vis{kk jgrh gS fd ;g HkzkfUr iw.kZr;k cuh jgsA bl le; dksbZ Hkh
tks mUgksua s dgh] ;gk¡ rd fd çR;sd g"kZ vkSj çR;sd 'kksd] ftldk vuqHko mUgksua s csljq kiu vkiesa vlá {kksHk iSnk dj nsxkA eSa ;g ugha dgrk fd ,sls vkykspdksa ls
fd;k] ;s lc mUgksua s blfy;s fd;k] rkfd ;s vkids futh thou ij çdk'k Mky vkidks {kksHk gksxk tks vDÛlj dg nsrs gS]a ßJh jke viuh iRuh ds fo;ksx esa foyki
ldsa vkSj vkus okyh thou dh ijh{kkvksa ds fy;s ,d LFkk;h] lqn`<Û vkSj fo'oluh; dk çn'kZu TÛk:jr ls TÛ;knk gh dj jgs gSAa bldks lp u ys&a os rks dsoy ,d
ekxZn'kZu çnku dj ldsAa ;fn dHkh dksbZ ,slk dgrk gS] ß;g ,d vlEHko ckr gS] vfHku; jgs FksAÞ vkykspd rks dHkh&dHkh ,slh ckr dg nsrs gSaA ;nk dnk
dsoy bZ'oj gh og dqN dj ldrk gS] tks mldh bPNk gksA og loZ'kfDreku] nsoh&nsork Hkh uhps vkdj [ksys tk jgs n`';ksa dks ns[krs gSAa eku yks] n`'; esa jko.k
loZK] loZO;kih] loZeeZK gSA blls eq>s D;k QÛdZ iMÛrk gS] D;kafs d eSa rks mlls lhrk dks gj dj ys tk jgk gSA ;fn nsorkvksa esa ls dksbZ dgus yxs] Þ;g mfpr gSA
loZFkk fHkék gw¡]Þ rks og bl iwjh dFkk dks le>us esa pwdrk gSA mldk i<Ûuk O;FkZ gS] ukVd ;kstuk ds vuqlkj vkxs c<Û jgk gSA ge pkgrs gSa ,slk gks] ,slk gh gks jgk gS]ß
mldk lquuk csdkj gSA rc vki D;k dgsxa \s
esjs fopkj esa ^jkek;.k* dks ,d euq";&lacfa /kr egkdkO; ekudj mldk ^jkek;.k* vufxur ckj gesa lqukbZ xbZ gSA bldh çR;sd iafDr dh ,d ckj
v/;;u djuk dksbZ v/kk£edrk ugha gSA blds foijhr] ,slk djus ls okYehfd ds ugha] lSd a MÛk]as gTÛkkjksa vkSj yk[kksa ckj ckjhdÛh ds lkFk leh{kk gqbZ gSA bldh NksVh ls
çfr iwjk U;k; gksrk gSA ;fn ;g eku ysa fd ;g dFkk mUgksua s gh fy[kh] rks ;g NksVh ckr Hkh gesa TÛkckuh ;kn gSA fQj Hkh fdlh dkj.k gekjs fy, ekuo LoHkko esa
fuf'pr gks tkrk gS fd okYehfd ,d ,sls O;fDr Fks] ftuds efLr"d esa mRÏ"V ,d ço`fÙk gS] ftldks ge iq"V djrs jgrs gS]a ftlds QyLo:i ge ckj&ckj bl
;ksX;rk] {kerk rFkk lnkpkjh O;fDrRo okys uj&ukfj;ksa dh lqLi"V] lok±xhu] dFkk ij vk tkrs gS&a dHkh uk'rs ds le;] dHkh nksigj ds vkjke ds le;] dHkh
vkstLoh] vo/kkj.kk fo|eku Fkh] tks gekjs fy;s cMÛh ewY;oku gSA eSa vki lcls v/kZjkf= esa lksus ds le; esAa dFkk ds fy, fdlh le; Hkh tk;s]as fdlh txg Hkh
vuqjks/k d:¡xk fd vki blh n`f"Vdks.k ls bl dkO; dks i<ÛAas tk;s]as dFkk&okpd dksbZ Hkh gks] gekjs vUnj dksbZ ,slh ckr gS] ftlds dkj.k ,sls
vc TÛkjk bl fLFkfr ds fo"k; esa lkspAsa ,d vR;Ur eueksgd ukVd jaxeap volj ij ge nwj gVk nsrs gS]a lc fo?udkjh pDdj vkSj lc ,slh ckrs]a tks gesa
ij [ksyk tk jgk gSA ik= lqlfTtr gS]a lc dqN iw.kZ:is.k lqO;ofLFkr gS] vfHkçsr dFkk ds okrkoj.k ls nwj ys tkrh gS]a pkgs ifjfLFkfr;k¡ fdruh Hkh /;kuHkaxh gks&a
Hkwfedkvksa dk lqpk# fp=.k gks jgk gS vkSj iwjk ukVd mPpre Lrj ij [ksyk tk dksbZ jksrk gqvk cPpk] dksbZ vkids Åij fxjdj lksus okyk vkSj ,slh vU; ckrs]a tks
jgk gSA QyLo:i n'kZd lc dqN Hkwy dj dgkuh esa rYyhu gks tkrs gSa vkSj ml vkids bnZ&fxnZ dh rqPN nqfu;k dh vksj /;ku caVk jgh gSAa bu lcds ckotwn
{k.k uk;d ;k ukf;dk ls rknkRE; LFkkfir dj ysrs gSAa dSlk yxsxk vkidks ;fn ;fn ge çf'k{k.k vkSj eukso`fÙk ls fgUnw gS]a ge lcesa ,d {kerk gS] ftldks eSa
bl le; uk;d eap ij HkMÛd tk;ss vkSj fpYyk mBs] ßeSa tks dg jgk gw¡] mldk dguk pkgw¡xk& ,d vikS#"ks; {kerk] ,sls fo?uksa dks ,d rjQÛ j[k dj bl HkzkfUr
,d Hkh 'kCn u ekuksA eSa rks ikl ds edku okyk lqCcw gw¡!Þ vki ,sls ik=ksa ds fy;s ds çHkko dks cuk;s j[kus dh ekuks lEiw.kZ dFkkud jaxeap ij iw.kZr;k çf'kf{kr
D;k dgsxa ]s tks dFkk ds vR;Ur jkspd Hkkx ds chp vdLekr ckgj fudy dj bl ik=ksa }kjk çn£'kr fd;k tk jgk gSA lkFk gh] ekuks Js"B vfHkusrkvksa dh Hkh fu;qfDr
çdkj vkidk LoIu Hkax dj nsrs gS]a vkidh fopkj/kkjk ds rkjrE; esa fo?u Mky dj nh xbZ gS] tks fd bl HkzkfUr dks mPpre Lrj ij cuk, j[ksxa As ,slk dqN ge
nsrs gSa vkSj dgus yxrs gS]a ßvki rks dsoy ,d ik= dks lqu jgs gSa vkSj eap ij yksxksa esa gSA geesa ls çR;sd esa og gSA ;g ,d peRdkj gS fd ge bls fdl çdkj
[ksyk tk jgk ,d ukVd ns[k jgs gS]a ;g dksbZ ;FkkFkZ thoup;kZ ughaA blfy, vki cuk, j[ks gq, gSAa
fp<Ûs ugha] ijs'kku u gksAa ;g dsoy ukVd gS] vkSj tks O;fDr uk;d dk vfHku;

esjk vkils vuqjks/k gS fd tc Hkh bl egkdkO; dks vki i<Û]as vki vius dks Nrjh gekjs thou] gekjh djuh&dFkuh esa çfo"V gksrh gS] gekjs pfj= dk fuekZ.k
lnSo ,slh gh ifjfLFkfr esa j[k dj i<Û]as vkSj i<Ûrs le; iwjs mlh fLFkfr esa jgsAa ;g djrh gS vkSj thou esa fofHk= igyqvksa dk fu;eu djrh gS] ;g lc dqN djrh gS]
lc dqN vkids lEeq[k ,d fuf'pr mís'; ds fy, fd;k tkrk gSA ;fn bl mís'; rks dkSu bl ij vkifÙk dj ldrk gS\ pkgs eSa ,slk dgw¡ ;k u dgw¡] fdUrq gksrk ,slk
dh iw£r esa vkidk lg;ksx u gksxk] rks vkidk i<Ûuk O;FkZ gSA vr,o] ;g lc dqN gh gSA esjs fo'okl dk ml ij dksbZ çHkko ughaA esjk vfo'okl bls [kafMr ugha dj
vkids i<Ûus ds <ax ij fuHkZj gSA eSa rks bl iqLrd dks dgha ls Hkh i<Ûus yxrk gw¡A ldrkA ;g vkdk'k lrr~ cuk jgrk gS& vO;;] fuR;] fdlh O;fDr fo'ks"k dh
esjs fy;s Jh jke dksbZ fnO; iq#"k ugha yxrs] fQj Hkh ;g HkzkfUr iwjh rjg fo|eku /kkj.kk ls vifjorZuh;A eSa ,d oSKkfud] ,d rk£dd] çÏfrooknh ;k ;g] og] ;k
jgrh gSA eSa dFkk dh xgjkb;ksa esa Lo;a dks [kks ldrk gw¡A tc eSa bl iqLrd dks dqN vkSj Hkh gks ldrk gw¡A ;fn vkdk'k dk çHkko esjs thou ij iMÛrk gS] pkgs eSa
i<Ûus ds fy, cSBrk gw¡] vU; dqN ugha djrk_ esjk iwjk /;ku mlh ij dsfUær gksrk blls eSa vufHkK Hkh D;ksa u gw¡] eSa blls cp ugha ldrkA ;g lnk fo|eku gS] esjs
gSA eSa LoHkkor% dBksj ân; gw¡] ijUrq vk'p;Z gS fd mldk ,d Hkh i`"B ,slk ugha] lEiw.kZ fpUru dks çHkkfor djrk gS] esjs çR;sd dk;Z dk :i fu/kkZfjr djrk gS pkgs
tks esjh vk¡[kksa esa vk¡lw u ys vkrk gksA dksbZ lqUnj Hkko] dksbZ dksey vuqHkwfr] cMÛk gks ;k NksVk] vFkok nwljksa ds fy, vFkZoku gks ;k furkUr ewY;ghuA tks dqN Hkh
HkkbZ&HkkbZ dk ikjLifjd vuqjkx] fpjdky ls fcNqMÛs lqâTtuksa dk iqu£eyu] esjs ls gksrk gS] og bl 'kk'or vifjorZuh; çHkko ds vUrxZr gksrk gSA blh çdkj
vFkok fe=rk] ÏrKrk ;k vU; 'kk'or ekuo xq.k ds çfr J¼katfy] ;s lc esjh ;fn jke] lhrk vkSj guqeku esa nsoRo Fkk] rks vo'; FkkA gj txg] gj dFkkud esa
vk¡[kksa esa vk¡lw ys vkrs gS!a eSa #d tkrk gw¡] vkxs ugha c<Û ikrk gw¡] eq>s Bgjuk iMÛrk ;g çHkko gS vkSj lnk jgsxkA ;g laHko ugha] oSKkfud ugha gS] ;FkkFkZ ugha gS]
gS vkSj vk¡[ksa ikSNa dj gh vkxs c<Ûrk gw¡A ,slk D;ks\a esjs tSlk fu"Bqj lkalkfjd ;qfDr;qDr ugha gS gS fd jke dqN dk;ks± esa fnO; Fks vkSj vU; esa ugha vFkok ;g
O;fDr Hkh ,slk D;ksa djrk gS\ dnkfpr~~ bldk eq> ij ,slk çHkko D;ks\a bldk dguk fd dsoy vius thou ds dqN çlaxksa esa lhrk dk O;ogkj y{eh ln`'k Fkk]
dkj.k gS] esjs vH;Urj dh xgjkbvksa esa fo|eku bu egkekuo ds çfr ije J¼k fdUrq dqN vU; çlaxksa esa mUgksua s vius y{ehRo dks NksMÛ fn;kA ;fn fnO;rk bu
vkSj çse] ftu xgjkbvksa ds Lrj dks tkxzrkoLFkk esa eSa Hkh dHkh Nw u ikÅ¡xkA ;fn ik=ksa esa Fkh] fuLlUnsg Fkh vkSj lnk ds fy, FkhA ^jkek;.k* dh dqN ckrksa dks mlh
jke vkSj lhrk bl ns'k ds u Hkh gksrs oju~ fons'k ds uk;d&ukf;dk gksr]s rks xzUFk dh vU; ckrksa ls i`Fkd~ djus dk ç;kl] fnO;rk ds vk/kkj ij ;k fo'ks"k :i
dnkfpr~~ rc eSa bruk çHkkfor u gksrk] fdUrq esjh vuqHkwfr yxHkx bruh gh xgjh ls fnO;rk&lwpd gksus ds vk/kkj ij djuk esjs fopkj esa ewy fl¼kUrksa dh
gksrhA ekuo LoHkko rks vUrr% ekuo LoHkko gh gS] pkgs og ;gk¡ iYyfor gqvk gks vufHkKrk n'kkZuk gSA vr,o] fnO;rk dks vk/kkj cukuk blds vfHkçk; dks le>us
;k fdlh vU; ns'k es]a og ,d&lk gh gksrk gSA ds fy;s lkFkZd ughaA vki Hkyh Hkk¡fr bl dkO; dks ,d egkdkO;] ,d Js"B
vc eSa bl O;k[;ku ds eq[; vfHkçk; ij vkrk gw¡] tks eSa pkgw¡xk fd vki egkdkO; ds :i esa i<Û ldrs gS]a ftlus ih<Ûh nj ih<Ûh yk[kksa ds thou dks çHkkfor
lkFk ysdj tk;aAs Jh jke ds nsoRo ij ,d {k.k ds fy, Hkh lUnsg djuk vko';d fd;k gSA
ugha] dnkfi ughaA eSa pkgrk gw¡ fd eSa Hkh blls lger gks ldrk fdUrq esjs fopkj esa ,d 'kCn vkSjA vki lc tkurs gS]a bl çdkj ds Jksrkx.kksa ds lEeq[k eq>s
dFkkud dks le>us ;k blls ykHkkfUor gksus ds fy;s oLrqr% ;g vko';d ugha gSA O;k[;k djus dh vko';drk ughaA eSa dsoy Lej.k djuk pkgrk gw¡ fd vorkjoknh
'ks[Ûkh ds fcuk dg ldrk gw¡ fd J¼k ds vHkko esa Hkh] viuh futh çÏfr ds fuekZ.k fl¼kUr nk'kZfud :i ls lEiw.kZ ekuo tkfr ij ykxw gksrk gSA pkgs og fdruk Hkh
esa eSua s ^jkek;.k* ls cgqr dqN fy;k gS] 'kk;n dgha vf/kdA bl iqLrd ds cgqr ijks{k gks] ftls gekjs lkfgR; ds xgu v/;srk gh le> ldrs gSAa bl çdkj i`Foh
ls ,sls v/;srkvksa ls] tks fd ik=ksa ds nsoRo esa rks fo'okl j[krs gS]a ijUrq fdlh u ds çR;sd çk.kh dk mn~xe òksr dsoy ,d gS] tks fd l`f"V dk ,d ek= dkj.k bl
fdlh dkj.ko'k ml okLrfod eukso`fÙk dks vkRelkr~ ugha dj ikrs] ftldks mu n`f"V ls ge lc Hkh vorkj gSAa dsoy bruk gS fd geesa fnO; rÙo çk;% bruk
ik=ksa us vius thou esa viuk;kA ;fn vki /;ku nsa lds] rks ;FkkFkZ dqN bl çdkj lqLi"V ugha] ftruk dqN vU;ksa esAa ;g dsoy ek=k dk vUrj gS] dky ds vuqikr
yxrk gSA Åij egku vkdk'k fo|eku gSA ge lc mlds uhps gS]a lc dke&dkt dk ;k mu ?kVukvksa ds vuqikr dk] ftuesa nsoRo gksrk gSA oLrqr% ;gh lR; ,d
Hkh blds rys gh djrs gS]a gekjh thoup;kZ blds rys O;ofLFkr gksrh gSA ge vkneh dks nwljs ls vyx djrk gSA fdlh egkiq#"k esa bl fnO; vykSfdd xq.k dh
yMÛr&s >xMÛrs gS]a ijLij ekjdkV djrs gSAa ge v£tr djrs gSa vkSj x¡okrs gSAa ge vfHkO;fDr ftruh Li"V :i ls gksrh gS] mruh vis{kkÏr vfodflr O;fDr esa
D;k dqN bl vkdk'kh; Nrjh ds rys ugha djrs! ;fn bl çdkj dh ;g vkdk'kh; ughaA blhfy;s cgq/kk vkSj vkRek ds fodkl ds fo"k; esa dgk tkrk gS] dHkh /kjkry

ij dqN vkRek;sa nwljh vkRekvksa ls vf/kd fodflr gksrh gSAa Jh jke ekuoh; xq.kksa ri] ;K] nSfud fuR;deZ] vkjk/kuk vkfn gh ugha fl[kk;s] vfirq ;q¼dyk Hkh fl[kkbZA
ds iqta FksA muds opuksa dks lquks] muds ÏR;ksa dks ns[kks] muds çHkko ds vUrxZr blh O;fDr us jke dks og cuk;k] tks os FksA mUgksaus yphyh ckY;koLFkk esa gh jke
vkvks] muls lacU/k LFkkfir djks rks mudh fnO;rk ls vNwrs u jg ldksxAs vr,o dks vius gkFkksa esa ys fy;k] mUgsa ,d fo'ks"k vkdkj fn;k vkSj ,d ,slh egkure Hkwfedk
vk/;kfRed n`f"V ls jkepfj= dk v/;;u vis{kkÏr vf/kd ykHknk;d gS] ds fy;s ;ksX; cuk fn;k] tks fd 'kk;n gh fdlh vU; O;fDr us dHkh vnk dh gksA
f'k{kk ls jfgr vU; uk;dksa ds pfj= dh rqyuk eaAs ,sls vuks[ks O;fDrRo ds /kuh dks bl dkO; esa brus ljljh <ax ls fonk dj fn;k
vU; ik=ksa dk thokadu Hkh f'k{kkjfgr ugha gksrkA vYifodflr ik= rks lnk x;k! eSa dfo ls iwNrk gw¡& D;k ;g mfpr Fkk\ esjs fopkj esa rks ;g ,d ,slk vkdfLed
gh gq, gSAa mnkgj.kkFkZ] dfo] miU;kldkj vkSj vU; ys[kd vius Js"B Kku vkSj mPp fuxZeu gS] tks loZFkk vlguh; gSA
ltZukRed çfrHkk }kjk gekjs fy;s ,sls vYifodflr ik=ksa dk Hkh fuekZ.k djrs gS]a gekjh gh rjg jke Hkh ,d ikfjokfjd okrkoj.k es]a ekrk&firk vkSj ,d
mudks ,sls ?kVuk&eap ij çLrqr djrs gSa] tgk¡ ekuoh; ifjfLFkfr;k¡ fo|eku gksa] foekrk dh N=Nk;k esa iysA nqHkkxZ;o'k foekrk esa ekuoh; nqcy Z rk;sa Hkh FkhaA muds
ftlls os vius viw.kZ thou }kjk gekjh dYiuk esa LFkku ik ldsAa eSa rks ;gh dgrk lEeq[k ,d la;Dq r ifjokj dh leL;k;sa Hkh FkhA vR;Ur laons u'khy d#.k jl
gw¡ fd bu pfj=ksa dk i<Ûuk Hkh O;FkZ ughaA egku ys[kdksa ds miU;kl gh yks& mudk vkSj ân;Li'khZ euksHkkoksa ls ifjiw.kZ bl dFkk esa ge ns[ksxa s fd mUgksua s bu lc
ykHk Hkh de ugha gksrk] ;fn ge mUgsa rk'k ds iÙkksa dh Hkk¡fr u [ksysaA fdUrq egku dfBukb;ksa dk lkeuk dSls fd;kA blhfy, cMÛs /;ku ls jke ds pfj= dk v/;;u
tks ,slh mRÏ"V ,oa ân;Li'khZ iqLrdksa dks i<Ûrs gS]a rYyhu ân; vkSj yoyhu eu djuk pkfg,A lkekU;r% tc fdlh jpuk esa ,d vR;Ur mékr mRÏ"V pfj=
ls] vkSj çR;sd eksMÛ ij mlds 'kk'or ewY;ksa ls f'k{kk ysrs gS]a mnkgj.kkFkZ miU;kldkj fo|eku gksrk gS] tSls Jh jke rks vk/kqfud lekykspd ;g dg dj mudk egÙo
Victor Hugo }kjk fyf[kr 'Les Miserables' tSlh iqLrdksa ls os vR;f/kd 'kSf{kd ?kVkus dk ç;kl djrs gS]a ßvksg] Jh jke dksbZ çsj.kknk;d ik= ugha gS]a muesa gS gh
,oa vk/;kfRed ykHk çkIr djrs gSAa eSa ;g lc ppkZ dsoy bl ckr ij cy nsus ds D;k\ mudh ifjiw.kZrk rks ,d foÏfr ek= gSA lkSok¡ i`"B [kksyus ls iwoZ vki
fy;s dj jgk gw¡ fd ;fn fu"Bqj ls fu"Bqj] ijUrq çf'kf{kr cqf¼thoh] ftlesa vkRe Bhd&Bhd dg ldrs gSa fd vc os vkxs D;k dgsxa s vFkok D;k djsxa As os mfpr gh
lq/kkj Hkj dh bPNk gks] og ^jkek;.k* i<Ûs vkSj mls ,d mRÏ"V dkO;] ,d egku dfo djsxa ]s U;k;laxr gh djsxa s vkSj tks dj.kh; gS] ogh djsxa As os gekjs leku ugha] os
}kjk jfpr dkO;] ,d egku mís '; ls fy[kk x;k dkO;ek= le>s ] rks mls gekjh Js.kh esa ugha vkrsAÞ tc fdlh Ïfr esa ,d ik= dk yxHkx ,d ifjiw.kZ
vR;f/kd ykHk gksxkA gekjs fy, rks blls Hkh vf/kd cgqr ykHkçn gS& ^jkek;.k* dsoy vkn'kZ ds :i esa pfj= fp=.k gksrk gS] rks fNækUos"kh lekykspd cgqr v/khj gks
,d dkO; gh ugha] vfirq ,d ,slk egkdkO; gS] ftlus leLr Hkkjro"kZ ds bfrgkl tkrk gSA og dgus yxrk gS] ßeq>s rks vius tSlk gkMÛ&ek¡l dk iqryk pkfg,A ,d
dks <kyk gSA bl egkdkO; es]a êgkHkkjr* esa vkSj vU; dkO;ksa esa Hkh gekjs fy;s xw<Ûre ,slk O;fDr] tks esjh rjg oSls gh çyksHkuksa ls çHkkfor gks ldrk gS] ftldks vPNk
mins'kkRed f'k{kk Hkj nh gSA vr% ;g gekjs fgr esa gksxk fd] bu vk/;kfRed mins'kksa Hkkstu ilUn gks vkSj çkr%dky cf<Û;k dkWQÛh Hkh pkfg,A ftldk esjs tSlk lrr~
ij iwjk /;ku nsrs gq,] ge mu egku ik=ks&a Jh jke] guqeku] rFkk vU;ks&a ds Øfed la?k"kZe; thou gks] tks geesa ls vf/kdka'k dh rjg gh la=Lr Hkh gqvk gksA eSa tkuuk
fodkl ij /;ku dsfUær djs]a D;ksfa d ;fn ge /;ku ns]a rks ge ns[ksxa s fd bu ik=ksa pkgrk gw¡ fd ,d egkekuo bu lcdk lkeuk dSls dj ldrk gSA egkekuo rks og
dk Hkh ,d fodklØe gSA ;s tUe ls gh fodflr gks]a ,slk dqN ughaA Jh jke ds Hkxoku gS] tks thou dh pDdh esa filrk gS] esjs tSls vuqHkoksa dks Hkksxrk gS] esjs tSls d"Vksa
gksus esa dksbZ lUnsg ughaA fdUrq] ckY; :i esa gh mUgksua s lalkj esa tUe fy;k] ckY; dks lgrk gS] esjs tSls g"kks± dk vkuUn ysrk gS] lc vMÛpuksa vkSj lhekc¼rkvksa ds
:i esa gh mudk ykyu&ikyu gqvk] ,d ofj"B vkpk;Z }kjk f'k{kk&nh{kk feyhA vkpk;Z ckotwn Hkh mu ij fot; ikdj mPp f'k[kj ij igq¡p tkrk gS] vius vR;Ur
us mUgsa /kuq£o|k] ;q¼fo|k fl[kk;h] ykSfdd f'k{kk nh] iorZrksa ufn;ksa vkSj ifo= LFkyksa ifjiw.kZ fodkl ds }kjk ekuo pfj= dh HkO;rk çn£'kr djrk gS] vkSj bl çdkj
dk egku eeZ vkSj mís'; le>k;k vkSj ;Kksa ds fuxw<Û vFkZ crk;sA bl çdkj jke og ml fnO;rk ds fudV igq¡p tkrk gS] ftlls og vk;k] eSa vk;k vkSj vki Hkh
fo'okfe= dh N=Nk;k esa cMÛs gq,A fo'okfe= dksbZ lk/kkj.k O;fDr u FksA ijUrq eSa vk;s gSaA gesa rks ,slk pkfg,]Þ ,slk lekykspd dgrs gSa] ßgesa ekuo pkfg,]
okYehfd dks nks"k fn,s fcuk ugha jg ldrk fd mUgksua s fo'okfe= dks lglk ,slk fonk vfrekuo vius n`f"Vdks.k esa gh] mldk gekjs fudV dksbZ ewY; ughaA gesa rks euq";
fd;k fd os vUr rd fn[kkbZ gh ugha nsrAs TÛkjk dYiuk dhft,] fo'okfe= dh Hkwfedk pkfg,] rÙor% tks ekuoh; gks] vius euksHkkoksa es]a vius la?k"kks± es]a viuh fot;ksa esAa
dh! bl O;fDr us jke ds lEiw.kZ pfj= dk fuekZ.k fd;kA mUgksaus jke dks u dsoy gesa rks og ekuoh; gksuk pkfg, vkSj tks ekuoh; gksrs gq, Hkh viuh ekuoh;
20 jkek;.k ds T;ksfr&LrEHk nwljk v/;k; 21

lhekvksa ij fot; çkIr djs] vius nsoRo dks fodflr djs] vkSj varrksxRok ekuo
ân;ksa ds flagklu ij Lo;a dks ,d vf}rh; 'kkld ds :i esa LFkkfir dj ldsAÞ
Jh jke ls c<Ûdj nwljk ugha] Jh jke ls vPNk dksbZ nwljk ifr ugha] csVk ugha] jktk
ugha] euq"; ughaA euq";ksa dh Hkk¡fr ge mUgsa cMÛk gksr]s fodflr gksrs ns[krs gSaA
nwljk v/;k;
^jkek;.k* dh ;gh lqUnjrk gSAa tks ^jkek;.k* dks bl Hkko ls i<Ûrk gS fd og 'kq: ls ckY;koLFkk
bZ'oj ls lac¼ gS] mlds iYys dqN ugha iMÛxs kA vki bl dFkk dks ,d ekuoh;
dFkk] ,d euq"; ds euq";ksa ds chp gh fcrk;s x;s thou dFkk le> dj if<Û;As
rc nsf[k,] blesa fdruk Kku ds vewY; jRuksa dk [ÛkTÛkkuk fNik gSA
eSa ugha tkurk jke dk pfj= o.kZu djus esa eq>s fdruk le; yx tk;sxs kA es js tSls O;fDr ds fy, tks okYehfd ds ewyikB ds fudV jguk pkgrk gS]
pkgs fdruh Hkh ckj ge mudh ppkZ djs]a pkgs fdrus gh le; rd djs]a fdlh Hkh Lej.k'kfDr ds vk/kkj ij m¼`r u dj lduk ,d çdkj dh vlqfo/kk gSA vius
çdkj mudks le>us dk ç;Ru djs]a muds pfj=] mudk thou esa vU; lHkh vuqHko esa eSa dnkfpr~~ gh dksbZ ,slk ^jkek;.k* dk O;k[;kdkj ik;k gksxk] tks 'yksd
pfj=ksa dk lekos'k gks tkrk gS vkSj vU; lHkh ?kVukpØksa dh fn'kk fu/kkZfjr djus ds 'yksd] fcuk fdlh çdkj dh lgk;rk ds /kMÛk/kMÛ u nksgjk ldrk gksA bl ckr
esa ftldh vge~ Hkwfedk jgrh gS] lnk f'k{kkvksa ls Hkjiwj jgsxkA eSa vkils vuqjks/k esa eSa vlekU; gw¡A ;fn fdlh 'yksd dk mYys[k djuk pkgw¡xk] rks eq>s i<Ûuk gh
d:¡xk] vkxs dh i`"BHkwfe cukus ds fy,] fd vki jke ds çfr ;g n`f"Vdks.k ysdj iMÛsxkA
dnkfi u pysa fd os ,sls O;fDr Fks] ftuesa lEiw.kZ Kku] e;kZnk vkSj lkjs ln~x.q k pkjksa HkkbZ ,d&nwljs ls dqN ?kaVksa ds vUrj ls gh iSnk gq, Fks] vr,o ml
vkjEHk ls gh fo|eku Fks vkSj vUr rd v{kq..k jgsA muds thou o`ÙkkUr dks n`f"V ls esa Hksn djuk mfpr ugha gSA fdUrq ^jkek;.k* esa T;s"Brk cMÛh lko/kkuh ls
le>us dk ;g <ax ughaA mUgksua s rks vusd la?k"kZ fd,] çyksHkuksa us Hkh mUgsa çHkkfor LFkkfir dh xbZ gS] vkSj Hkjr vkSj y{e.k ds lUnHkZ esa rks ;g ,d NksVs ls fookn
fd;k] muesa dqN deTÛkksfj;k¡ Hkh FkhaA ;g lqudj vki pkSd a as ugha] eSa dksbZ féknk ugha dk fo"k; Hkh gSA okYehfd rks bruk rd dgrs gS&a ;s lc ,d tSls gh FksA dsoy jke
dj jgk gw¡A muesa deTÛkksfj;k¡ vo'; Fkha] ysfdu mUgksua s mu deTÛkksfj;ksa dks nck dk :i vU;ksa ls fHkék FkkA dHkh&dHkh os mu lcds fy;s ,d gh fo'ks"k.k dk ç;ksx
fn;k] mu ij fot; çkIr dh vkSj mudks U;wuçk;% dj fn;kA dsoy blh n`f"Vdks.k djrs gSAa fdUrq vkjEHk ls gh Jh jke dh ofj"Brk dks fdlh Hkh vfu'p; dh
ls gh bl egku egkdkO; dk v/;;u dj vki Kku dh vR;Ur ewY;oku fuf/k laHkkouk ls ijs j[kk x;k gSA lHkh çdkj ls os Hkkb;ksa ds fy;s Hkh vxE; FksA
çkIr dj ldrs gSAa vkxkeh okrkZvksa esa eSa bl egkdkO; dk fo'ys"k.k djus dk çkjEHk esa rks ml ifjokj ds fo'ks"k xq.kksa dk] :i&jax] vkÏfr] çÏfr]
lkgl d:¡xkA f'k{kk&nh{kk] vkpj.k vkSj fofHkék dkS'kyksa vkfn dk fooj.k feyrk gSA bu lcdk
mYys[k djuk vko';d ughaA FkksMÛs ls ikjLifjd vUrj ds vfrfjDr lalkj Hkj esa
mudh cjkcjh dk dksbZ tksMÛ ugha FkkA dfo muds vkpj.k dk fo'ks"k :i ls mYys[k
djrk gSA og muds lR; ds çfr vkSj çtk fgr ds çfr leiZ.k dk mYys[k djrk
gSA og muds xq#tu vkSj fo'ks"kr% ekrk&firk ds çfr fu"diV çse vkSj lEeku dk
mYys[k djrk gSA ;g lc ckrsa bl ifjokj dks ,d vlk/kkj.k oSf'k"V~; çnku
djrh gSAa Hkkjrh; vkSj lkekU; bfrgkl ds fo|kFkhZ gksus ds ukrs] tks jkt njckjksa ds
jax&<axksa ls ifjfpr gS]a gesa bls b{okdq dqy dk ,d vR;Ur fo'ks"k lkSHkkX; ekuuk
pkfg, fd pkj HkkbZ gksus ij Hkh muds chp dksbZ vge~ Hkko ugha Fkk] u dksbZ
,d&nwljs ls vkxs c<Û tkus dh gksMÛ Fkh vkSj u gh Fkk fdlh çdkj çfrLi/kkZ dk
dHkh ys'kek= vglkl HkhA {k.k Hkj ds fy, ;fn ge tkus&igpkus /kuh ifjokjksa ds
21

cPpksa ds fo"k; esa Hkh lksp]as rks bl dqy fo'ks"k ds vuqie Lo:i dh ljkguk fd, dk uke Hkh ugha fy;k FkkA ,slk çrhr gksrk gS fd ml ifjokj esa fcuk y{e.k ds
fcuk ugha jg ldrsA jke dk fopkj rd Hkh lEHko ugha FkkA n'kjFk us ,slk fdlh fo'ks"k lksp ls ugha
blds rqjUr ckn dfo c<Ûrh gqbZ vk;q okys ujs'k dk vius iq=ksa ds fookg fd;k FkkA tc mUgksua s jke dks Hkstus dk fu.kZ; fd;k] os tkurs Fks fd y{e.k lkFk
djkus ls lEcfU/kr ç;klksa dk o.kZu djrk gS] ;|fi os dsoy iUæg o"kZ ds gh gq, tk;ss fcuk ugha jg ldrsA blfy, os nksuksa dks gh cqyk Hkstrs gSAa
FksA ftl le; jktk n'kjFk vius eaf=;ksa vkSj xq#tuksa ls ijke'kZ ys gh jgs Fks] ;gk¡ eSa vkidk /;ku ,d ,sls okD;ka'k ij fnykuk pkgw¡xk] tks viuh
rRdky fo[;kr ½f"k fo'okfe= ços'k djrs gSAa ,slk çrhr gksrk gS] jktk n'kjFk ds lqUnjrk vfHkO;´tuk ds fy, 'kk;n vf}rh; gSA Jh jke vkSj y{e.k ds ikjLifjd
LoHkko esa ,d ?kkrd nks"k fo|eku Fkk& fcuk lksp&s le>s opu ns nsuk vkSj ihNs lacU/kksa dk fooj.k dfo bl çdkj djrk gS] ßy{e.k jke ds ^f}rh; thfore~]*
iNrkukA mUgksaus gkfnZd Lokexr ds i'pkr~ fo'okfe= ds fy;s J¼k Hkko ls nwljs vfLrRo dh Hkk¡fr FksA dsoy mudk deZ{ks= Jh jke ds 'kjhj ls ckgj FkkAÞ
;Fkklk/; djus dk opu fn;k] fcuk vius fy;s cpko dk dksbZ jkLrk NksMÛsA dHkh&dHkh os nksuksa okD;ka'k lkFk&lkFk ç;ksx djrs gSa vkSj ;g vlk/kkj.k gSA ,slk
fo'okfe= tc fo'oLr gks x,] rks vfoyEc gh mUgksua s viuh vfHk;kpuk çLrqr çrhr gksrk gS fd Loa; dfo dh blesa fo'ks"k vfHk#fp gS] vkSj og bldk ç;ksx
dhA mUgksua s dgk] os ;K dj jgs gS]a vkSj bl vuq"Bku esa ekjhp vkSj lqckgq rFkk ckjackj djrk gSA
muds vusd vuqpj cgqr fo?u&ck/kk igq¡pkus dh /kedh ns jgs gSAa mUgksua s fo'ks"k ckY;kRçHk`fr lqfLuX/kks y{e.kks yf{eo/kZu%A
:i ls Li"V fd;k fd os nksuksa jk{kl yadk ds jktk jko.k ds midj.k gSAa D;ksfa d jkeL; yksdjkeL; HkzkrqT;s"Z BL; fuR;'k%AA
jko.k Lo;a vkdj fo?u&ck/kk ugha dj ikrk] blhfy;s mlus vius v/khu bu nks loZfç;djLrL; jkeL;kfi 'kjhjr%A
jk{klksa dks fu;qDr fd;k gksxkA ßvr,o vki vius T;s"B iq= jke dks eq>s ns nsAa Þ y{e.kks yf{elaiéks cfg% çk.k bokij%AA
rR{k.k jktk n'kjFk Lo;a lsok ds fy;s çLrqr gks x;s vkSj cksy]s ßeSa ;q¼ ds nk¡o& u p rsu fouk fuæka yHk"kks iq:"kksÙke%A
ispksa ls vufHkK ugha gw¡A iq= ds ctk; eSa Lo;a vkidh lgk;rk ds fy;s rRij gw¡AÞ e`"VeéeqikuhreJkfr u fg ra foukAA I.18.27-29
tc jko.k dk uke vk;k] rks n'kjFk ,dne dk¡ius yxs] ihNs gVus yxs vkSj cksy]s ÞJh jke y{e.k ds fcuk ugha lks ikrs] u gh dksbZ fe"Bku xzg.k djrs] tc
ßog mu O;fDr;ksa esa ls ugha gS] ftlls eSa dksbZ okLrk j[kuk pkgw¡xkAÞ dfo jktk ds rd y{e.k Hkh mlesa lkFk ugha nsrs FksAß
eq[k ls] tks fuLlUnsg Hk; vkSj fgpd ls çHkkfor gS] ,sls okD; dgyokrk gS] tks ;nk fg g;ek#<ks e`x;ka ;kfr jk?ko%A
vkyadkfjd ,oa vR;Ur ljkguh; gSA iqjkus uodkO; 'kkfL=;ksa dh ,d i¼fr gS& rnSua i`"Brks·H;sfr l/kuq% ifjiky;u~AA I.18.31
,sls okD;ka'kksa dh iqujko`fÙk] tks fd jpuk dh n`f"V ls ;k rks eaxylwpd ;k ß;fn dHkh Jh jke vk[ksV ds fy;s ckgj tkrs] rks y{e.k çR;apk p<Ûk;s
a k;eku gksrs gSAa nks okD;ka'kksa dk ç;ksx eqDr n'kjFk Hkko ls djrs gSAa Þu jkea
xqt /kuq"k ds lkFk ihNs&ihNs tkrs FksAÞ
usreq gZfl] uSo nkL;kfe iq=de~]ß Ïi;k jke dks u ys tk;s]a eSa vius iq= dks ugha
nw¡xkA ;g os ik¡p ;k Ng ckj nksgjkrs gSaA ,slk çrhr gksrk gS] tSls ;g muds VwVs gq, vj.; dkaM esa 'kwi.Z k[kk nksuksa Hkkb;ksa ds lkFk] vius viwoZ vuqHko dk o.kZu
ân; dh ok.kh gksA og fuLlUnsg vius LoHkkokuqdy w fo'okfe= furkUr #"V vkSj jko.k dks lqukrs le;] bUgha 'kCnksa dk ç;ksx djrh gSA lpeqp 'kwiZ.k[kk dk
mÙksftr gksdj cksy]s ßujs'oj! ;fn rqEgsa ,sls gh mfpr çrhr gksrk gS] rks eSa tSls vkpj.k vk'p;Ztud gSA tc og bu nksuksa Hkkb;ksa ds lkeus Fkh] mldk vkpj.k
vk;k Fkk] oSls gh ykSV tkÅ¡xk]Þ vkSj fQj O;aX;kRed ok.kh esa cksy]s ßrqe viuh dksbZ fo'ks"k lR;fu"B ;k 'khy;qDr u FkkA fdUrq tc og vius HkkbZ vkSj vf/kifr
lqfo[;kr opu ijk;.krk ds lkFk ;gha vius jkT; ij 'kklu djrs jgksAÞ bl dqN dks mu Hkkb;ksa vkSj iRuh dk o.kZu lqurh gS] og vR;Ur lR;fu"B gSA og fu"diV
O;aX;iw.kZ pksV ds lkFk tc os pyus dks rRij gq,] rHkh vius egku vf/kdkj ls ç'kalkRed Hkk"kk esa fcuk dk¡V&Nk¡V ds mudk o.kZu djrh gSA lhrk rd dks
ofl"B th us gLr{ksi fd;kA os vkxUrqd ds foy{k.k xq.kksa dk fopj.k n'kjFk dks vf}rh; lqUnjh crkrh gSA tcfd jke ds le{k og Þml fo:i ukjhß lhrk dk
nsrs gSaA cMÛh xEHkhjrkiwoZd mudks fo'okfe= dk eu j[kus dk ijke'kZ nsrs gSaA LFkku ysus dh is'kd'k djrh gSA y{e.k ds fo"k; esa og dgrh gS %
n'kjFk lger gks tkrs gSAa mudh vfHk;kpuk iwfÙkZ ds fy;s Jh jke vkSj y{e.k dks jkeL; nf{k.kks ckgq% III.34.13
cqyk;k tkrk gSA /;ku ns]a fo'okfe= us y{e.k dks ugha ek¡xk FkkA mUgksua s y{e.k

;q¼ dkaM es]a tc jko.k dk xqIrpj 'kqd y{e.k dk o.kZu djrk gS] og Hkh eSa ,d&nwljs vf}rh; çlax ij vkrk gw¡A eSa okYehfd ds ewyikB dk vuqlj.k dj
blh çdkj dgrk gS % jgk gw¡] le;≤ ij dfo dh fo'ks"krkvksa dk mYys[k djrk jgw¡xk] tc os ekuks
jkeL; nf{k.kks ckgq% fuR;a çk.kks cfg'pj%A VI.28.25 i`"B ls Åij mBdj cjcl gekjk /;ku [khap ysrs gSAa
;g ckr fd y{e.k jke ds brus vf/kd varjax va'k Fks] loZfofnr FkhA
Jh jke tc jko.k ds 'kfDr&ç;ksx ds dkj.k vkgr /kjrh ij laKkghu
dFkkud dk tSl&s tSls ,d lxZ ls nwljs lxZ rd fodkl gksrk gSA ge ns[krs gSa fd
futhZo iMÛs y{e.k ij foyki djrs gS]a rks dfo dgrk gS %
fo'okfe= ds ekxZn'kZu esa jke vkSj y{e.k] egku ozrksa vkSj foiqy KkuktZu
jk?koks Hkzkrja n`"VÓ fç;a çk.ka cfg'pje~A vuq'kklu ds dBksj fu;eksa dk ikyu djrs gq,] vusdksa lkglh dk;Z djrs gSAa fdUrq
nq%[ksu egrkfo"Vks /;ku'kksdijk;.k%AA VI.102.9 fofp= ckr ;g gS fd fo'okfe=] ftUgksua s y{e.k dks vkefU=r ugha fd;k Fkk]
bl okD; ds fofHk= ç;ksxksa dk mYys[k eSa dsoy ;g fn[kkus ds fy;s dj jgk mudh vksj fojys gh /;ku nsrs gSAa ;fn os mudks lacksf/kr Hkh djrs gS]a rks ^jke*]
gw¡ fd vU; dfo;ksa dh Hkk¡fr] okYehdh dks Hkh ,sls okD;ksa dh iqujko`fÙk fç; gSA ^jk?ko* dgdj cMÛs HkkbZ dks gh lacksf/kr djrs gSAa ;g dguk rks vf'k"Vrk gksxh fd
Jh jke Lo;a ,d vU; LFkku ij] tc mudks ;qojkt :i esa vius vfHk"ksd mudks y{e.k dh mifLFkfr vPNh ugha yxrh Fkh ;k tkucw> dj os mudh voKk
dh lEHkkouk Fkh] y{e.k ls dgrs gSa % djuk pkgrs FksA esjs fopkj esa rks] vkSjksa dh Hkk¡fr] muds efLr"d esa Hkh ;gh /kkj.kk
y{e.kseka e;k lk/kZe~ ç'kkf/k Roa olqU/kjke~A Fkh fd jke ls ckr djuk nwljs HkkbZ ls Hkh ckr djuk FkkA blds fy;s vyx ls
f}rh;a es·UrjkRekua Rokfe;a Jh:ifLFkrkAA II.4.43 fo'ks"k lacks/ku vko';d ugha FkkA fofo/k fo"k;ksa dh f'k{kk nsrs le; os dsoy jke
os dgrs gSa] ßftldks ,d ckj lqUnj :i ns fn;k x;k gks] ;g foiqy dk gh uke ysrs gS]a y{e.k dk ughaAa os dsoy ,d ;k nks ckj gh f}opu dk ç;ksx
HkkX;y{eh] tks eq>s çkIr gks jgh gS] mldk miHkksx eSa rqEgkjs lkFk d:¡xkA ;g djrs gSAa cy vkSj vfrcy eU=;qXe dh f'k{kk Hkh dsoy jke dks gh nhA ,d
dsoy esjs vdsys ds fy, ugha gS] og rqEgkjh Hkh gSA esjs fy;s rks rqe f}rh; O;k[;kdkj bldh lQÛkbZ esa dgrk gS fd *jke^ 'kCn esa *y{e.k^ dk miy{; :i
vUrjkRek gksAÞ lekfgr gSA tc Jh jke dk mYys[k fd;k tkrk gS] y{e.k Hkh mlds vUrxZr vk
iqu% Jh jke dgrs gSa % tkrs gSAa ,d vU; O;k[;kdkj Li"Vhdj.k nsrs gq, ,d nwljk fodYi çLrqr djrk
gS] tks dnkfpr~~ dqN Hkh vfç; yxs] fo'okfe= ls çR;{k :i ls lh[kh gqbZ fo|k dks
lkSfe=s Hkqa³{~ o HkksxkaLrofe"Vku~ jkT;Qykfu pA
jke us ckn esa O;fDrxr :i ls y{e.k dks fl[kk;kA mYys[kuh; gS] dFkk esa
thfora p fg jkT;a p RonFkZefHkdke;sAA II.4.44
y{e.k dk O;fDrRo] tks Lo;a esa dksbZ fuÏ"V O;fDr u Fks] bl çdkj çLrqr fd;k
ßlqfe=kuUnu! rqe vHkh"V Hkksxksa vkSj jkT; ds Js"B Qyksa dk miHkksx djksA
x;k gS] ekuks 'kkjhfjd :i o deks± vkSj xq.kksa esa os dsoy jke ds ,d va'k FksA
;fn dHkh eSa thou dh vksj jkT; dh vfHkyk"kk djrk gw¡] rks og bruh vius fy;s
ugha] ftruh fd blfy;s fd esjs lkFk rqe Hkh mudk miHkksx dj ldksAß vc eSa dFkk ds fodkl esa jke pfj= ls lEcUf/kr ,d&nwljs çlax ij vkrk
gw¡A bl lUnHkZ esa eq>s tÛjk foLrkj esa tkuk iMsÛxk vkSj ewyikB ls m¼j.k nsus gksxa As
,d jkt ifjokj esa nks Hkkb;ksa ds chp bl çdkj dh ,dkReh;rk dk gksuk Jh jke vkSj y{e.k dh igyh vfXuijh{kk rkMÛdk dk lkeuk djrs gq, gqbAZ ,d
fu'p; gh ,d vlkekU; fLFkfr gS] tcfd lkekU; thou esa muds çR;{k ;k jDrjaftr ;q¼ es]a mlds vius gh ou esa gqb]Z ftldk uke rkMÛdk&ou FkkA ;gk¡
vçR;{k :i esa ijLij la?k"khZ gksus dh lEHkkouk gSA oLrqr% bu nks Hkkb;ksa ds fQj ;g ckr /;ku nsus ;ksX; gS fd tc fo'okfe= us jktk n'kjFk ls viuh
ikjLifjd çsecU/ku dh rqyuk dsoy vU; nks Hkkb;ksa dh tksMÛh ds çsecU/ku ls gks ijs'kkfu;ksa dk o.kZu fd;k] ml le; mUgksua s dsoy ekjhp vkSj lqckgq dks gh viuk
gh ldrh gSA ,slk çsecU/ku fdlh Hkh dgkuh ;k dkYifud vk[;ku esa ugha ik;k mRihMÛd crk;k Fkk] fdUrq rkMÛdk dk uke tkucw> dj ugha fy;k FkkA mUgksua s ,slk
tkrkA vr,o bldh ppkZ ds fy;s rks ,d vyx gh xks"Bh dh vko';drk gksxhA D;ksa fd;k\ blds fy;s] ;fn ,d {k.k /;ku ns]a rks og dsoy vuqeku ek= gh
;gk¡ rks eSa dsoy bruk gh dgw¡xk fd cU/ku gS vkSj ;g dbZ dkj.kksa ls gekjs fy;s gksxkA ,slh ckr ugha Fkh fd rkMÛdk ;K esa ck/kk mifLFkr ugha djrh Fkh D;ksfa d
ykHkdj Hkh gksxk] D;ksfa d blh dh ppkZ vkxs Hkh dh tk,xh] ftlesa fofo/k :iksa esa vkxs pydj (I.26.22) fo'okfe= Hkh mls ^;K&fo/oaldkjh* laKk nsrs gSAa og Hkh
Hkh bl lEca/k dk bl dFkk esa çn'kZu gqvk gSA /;ku nsus ;ksX; gS fd bl le; rks lrkus esa de u Fkh] fdUrq jktk ds le{k mUgksua s rkMÛdk dk fTÛkØ djuk mfpr ugha

le>kA fo'okfe= tkurs Fks fd jktk n'kjFk jke dks Hkstus ds fy;s ,dne lger vkSj tks Hkh vki dgs]a mldks fuLladksp d:¡A esjs firk th ,d pØorhZ jktk gSa
u gksxa As vr,o mUgksua s viuh ckr dks de ls de tksf[ke okyh cukus dk ç;Ru vkSj vki eg£"k ,oa esjs xq#A eSa ûk* D;ksa dgw¡xk\
fd;kA n'kjFk ls vkjEHk esa gh ,slk dguk] ßbu nks ds vfrfjDr rkMÛdk uked lks·ga firqop
Z % JqRok 'kklukn~ czãokfnu%A
jk{klh dk Hkh mUewyu Jh jke dks djuk gksxk]Þ mudh dfBukb;ksa esa dnkfpr~~ vkSj dfj";kfe u lUnsgLrkVdko/keqÙkee~AA I.26.4
o`f¼ dj nsrk D;ksfa d mu fnuksa Hkh] vkt dh gh Hkk¡fr] ,d dBksj ls dBksj lSfud Jh jke dgrs gSa fd ;g mudk ,d egku dÙkZO; gS] vkSj os rkMÛdk dk o/k
Hkh ,d L=h ds çk.k ysus esa ladksp djrk FkkA fo'okfe= ;g Hkh HkyhHkk¡fr le>rs vo'; djsxa s % û lUnsg%]* ;g dg gh jgs Fks] ij tc dqN {k.k mijkUr rkMÛdk
Fks fd rkMÛdk dks lekIr fd, fcuk] ml L=h dks fuf"Ø; ugha fd;k tk ldrk FkkA lpeqp muds lkeus çdV gqb]Z mudh vUrjkRek us mUgsa dpksVkA mudh tUetkr
;fn jktk ls ;g dgk tkrk] ßvPNk] eSa vkids iq= dks ys tk jgk gw¡] vkSj mlds uSl£xd çÏfr iqu% lkeus vkbZA os y{e.k ls cksy]s ßbl djkyk Hk;adj L=h dks
lSfud thou dk igyk dk;Z tks eSa lkSixaw k& og gksxk ,d L=h dk o/k]Þ dnkfpr~~ ns[kks] deTÛkksj euq"; rks ftls ns[kus ek= ls ej tk;sxas As fdUrq gS rks vkf[Ûkj ,d
;g ,d vlEHko vkosnu i= ds leku gksrkA fuLlUnsg] esjk vuqeku gS fd L=h ghA eSa bl rF; dks dSls Hkwy ldrk gw¡! vko';drk dsoy bl ckr dh gS fd
blhfy, mUgksua s ;g rF; n'kjFk ls fNik;k] ;|fi o`¼ ujs'k ls okrkZyki djrs fo'okfe= th dks blds mRikrksa ls NqVdkjk fey tk;sA esjk ç;kl ;g gksxk fd
le; ;g mRd.Bk çfr{k.k muds eu esa mHkjrh jgh gksxhA bldh xfr'khyrk u"V gks tk;sA eSa blds }kjk eg£"k dks dksbZ {kfr igq¡pkus ugha
rkMÛdk ls lkeuk gksus ls iwoZ fo'okfe= Jh jke dks lko/kku djrs gq, dgrs nw¡xkA ,slk djrs gSa fd blds gkFk vkSj dke dkV MkysAa bl çdkj fo:fir djds
gS]a ß;g ek;koh L=h gS] blds çfr dksbZ n;kHkko fn[kkus dh vko';drk ughaA cl Hkxk nsAa bl çdkj ;g fu#iæoh gks tk;sxhAÞ vr,o ,d ck.k ls jke us mldh
ekj nks] TÛkjk lk Hkh ladksp u djks fd ;g L=h tkfr dh gSAÞ fo'okfe= vkxs dgrs Hkqtk;sa dkV nhaA y{e.k dc ihNs jgus okys FksA mUgksua s nwljk ck.k pyk dj mlds
gS]a ßrqEgkjs tSls jktdqekjksa dk igyk dÙkZO; gS] çtk ds nq%[k dk fuokj.k djuk] dku vkSj uklkxz dks dkV fn;kA ijUrq og L=h fofo/k :i /kkj.k djds] iRFkjksa dh
mudh j{kk djukA mUgsa ,sls NksV&s eksVs uSfrd ladkspksa ds dkj.k nqfo/kk esa ugha vuojr o"kkZ djus yxhA og vks>y gks xbZ] fofo/k :i /kkj.k djus vkSj vn`';
iMÛuk pkfg,A ;fn ,d L=h dks ekjuk vko';d gS] rks mls ekj nsuk gh pkfg,] gks tkus dh {kerk dk mi;ksx dj] mlus cgqr mRikr epk;kA blls cspkjs nksuksa
vkSj ;g blh ;ksX; gSA eSa igys ls gh psrkouh nsrk gw¡] bldks ekjus esa fdlh çdkj HkkbZ cMÛs ijs'kku gq,A ftl fn'kk ls vkokTÛk vkrh] mlh fn'kk dh vksj rhj pykrs]
dh ?k`.kk u djsAa Þ fdUrq muds ç;kl iw.kZr;k lQy ugha gksrs FksA mlesa vHkh Hkh 'kjkjr dh Hkkjh
u`'kaleu`'kla ok çtkj{k.kdkj.kkr~A {kerk FkhA mUgsa ijs'kkuh esa ns[kdj fo'okfe= us iqu% jke dks Lej.k djk;k] ßeSua s
ikrda ok lnks"ka ok dÙkZO;a j{krk lrkAA dgk Fkk u] ;g ,slh L=h ugha] ftlds çfr dksbZ n;kHkko çn£'kr fd;k tk;sA ;g
jkT;Hkkjfu;qDrkukes"k /keZ% lukru%A bl çdkj ds O;ogkj ds ;ksX; ugha gSA bls ekj gh MkyksA lw;kZLr gksus okyk gS] ;fn
v/kE;k± tfg dkdqRLFk /keksZ áL;ka u fo|rsAA I.25.18,19 ik¡p {k.k Hkh foyEc djksx]s rks cgqr nsj gks tk;sxs h] lw;kZLr gksus ds i'pkr~ ;s
Jh jke us bl vkns'k dk cqjk u ekuk] D;ksfa d ½f"k us igys ls gh iwoksnZ kgj.kksa jk{kl fnu ls nl xq.kk vf/kd gks tkrs gSAa vHkh bldks [ÛkRe djksAÞ Jh jke us ,slk
dk gokyk ns fn;k FkkA mudk dguk Fkk] ß,slk u lkspks fd i`Foh ij eSa rqEgsa og gh fd;k] mls ekj fn;kA
çFke jktk cuus dks dg jgk gw¡] ftlus tkdj ,d L=h dk o/k fd;k gksA gesa bl fo"k; ij furkUr vuq'kklfud n`f"Vdks.k ls fopkj djuk gSA bl ij
cMÛh&cMÛh gfLr;ksa us rqels igys Hkh ,slk fd;k gSA bUæ us eUFkjk dks ekjk Fkk] fopkj ds fy;s dqN le; yxkuk mfpr gh gksxkA Jh jke dh fu'Ny lksp ,oa
egkfo".kq us Lo;a Hk`xiq Ruh dh gR;k dhA vkSj fQj ij'kqjke dks gh yks& mUgksua s fu'Ny deZ ds fo"k; esa fdlh dks TÛkjk lk Hkh lUnsg ugha gksuk pkfg,A û lUnsg%*
viuh ekrk dh gh gR;k dhA ,sls vkSj vU; iwoksnZ kgj.kksa ds gksrs gq, rqEgsa fdlh dg dj D;ksa mUgksua s FkksMÛh gh nsj ckn foyEc fd;k] ½f"k dh voKk dh vkSj
çdkj dh 'kadk ugha gksuh pkfg,AÞ /;ku nsus ;ksX; ckr gS fd rRdky rks bu rkMÛdk dks rqjUr gh ugha ekjk\ vkSj D;ksa y{e.k ls dgk fd os mls dsoy vleFkZ
n`"VkUrksa dh Jh jke ij dksbZ çfrdwy çfØ;k ugha gqbAZ Þesjs firk th us eq>s vkidks dj nsxa s mRikr ds fy;s\ ;gk¡ jke dk ewY;kadu djus esa gesa FkksMÛh lh lko/kkuh
lkSia k gS vkSj dgk gS] eSa vkidk vuqlj.k d:¡ vkSj vkidh vkKk dk ikyu d:¡ cjruh gksxhA ;|fi eq>s Vhdkdkjksa ls dksbZ lgk;rk ugha feyrh vkSj u gh iwooZ rhZ

O;k[;krkvksa ls] eSa bl çdkj lksprk gw¡ % Jh jke lc cMÛs dk;ksasZ esv
a iuh cqf¼&foosd ldsAa blds vfrfjDr rqe ml /kuq"k dks ns[k Hkh ldksx]s ftldks egknso th us ,d
ij vf/kd Hkjkslk djrs Fks vkSj nwljksa dk vuqdj.k ugha djrs Fks] tc rd fd egk;q¼ esa ç;ksx fd;k FkkA og vc lc çdkj ds yksxksa ds fy, ,d vkd"kZ.k cu
nwljksa dk er mudh viuh jk; ls rkyesy ugha [kkrk FkkA ;fn dgha dksbZ x;k gS] D;ksfa d mldks vusdksa us mBkus vkSj Mksjh p<Ûkus dk ç;kl fd;k] ij dksbZ
fpjdkfyd 'kadk Hkh gksrh] rks ,slh fLFkfr esa os viuh lgtcqf¼ ds vuqdy w dk;Z Hkh blesa lQy u gks ldkA vPNk rks ;gh gksxk fd rqe Hkh vkvks vkSj bls ns[kksAÞ
djuk mfpr le>rs FksA mUgksua s fcuk lksp&s fopkjs fo'okfe= dks opu ns fn;k Fkk okYehfd ds foyksi cMÛs /;ku nsus ;ksX; gSAa ;g loZfofnr Fkk fd tud us bl ckr
fd os rkMÛdk dk o/k rqjUr djsxa As fdUrq vfUre {k.kksa es]a okLrfod ijh{kk ds dh ?kks"k.kk djkbZ fd tks ohj bl /kuq"k dh çR;apk p<Ûk ldsxk] mudh iq=h lhrk
le;] tSlk çk;% lcds lkFk gksrk gS] dk;Z djus esa ladksp O;kIr gks tkrk gSA os mls o/kw :i esa ns nh tk;sxs hA vr% og oh;Z 'kqYdk ('kfDr ds cy ij çkIr gksus
lkspus yxs] ß;fn rÙo:i esa fo'okfe= dk vkns'k eku fy;k tk;s]s rks ;g i;kZIr okyh) FkhA fo'okfe= rFkk ½f"kx.k bl rF; ls vufHkK u jgs gksxa As fQj Hkh
gksxk] mldk v{kj'k% ikyu vko';d ughaA eSa rkMÛdk dks loZFkk 'kfDrghu cuk mUgksua s jke ls bldh ppkZ ugha dhA mUgksua s rks dsoy ;gh dgk fd fefFkyk esa
nw¡xkAÞ eq>s TÛkjk&lk Hkh ladksp u gksxk Jh jke dks bl vkjksi ls nks"keqDr djus esa tud ds ikl ,d ,slk /kuq"k gS] ftlesa yksxksa dks fnypLih gSA bl çdkj dh
fd mudk mís'; eg£"k dh vkKk dk mYya?ku djuk Fkk] u fd vius opu ls vFkZiw.kZ pqIih dk ç;ksx gekjs xq#tu vkt Hkh nSfud thou esa djrs gSaA os
foeq[k gksus dkA bl çdkj ds ladksp vkSj lUnsg euq"; thou ds çR;sd eksMÛ ij vYiO;Ldksa dks bl ckr çR;{k :i ls crkuk ugha pkgrs] dqN rF; xqIr j[kuk
vkØe.k djrs gSAa vkidh /kkj.kk dksbZ Hkh gks] vkidk fu'p; fdruk Hkh n`<Û D;ksa u ilUn djrs gSa] rkfd vçR;kf'kr ifjfLFkfr mUgsa vk'p;Zpfdr dj ldsa ;k
gks] tc dk;Z djus dk vfUre {k.k mifLFkr gksrk gS] rks dgk ugha tk ldrk fd iwoKZ ku ds dkj.k os Lo;a ml cMÛs dÙkZO; ds fu"iknu esa dksbZ VkyeVksy u dj
dksbZ euksHkko tks igys nck fn;k x;k Fkk] og viuh iwjh 'kfDr ls iqu% mifLFkr u ldsAa mudk mís'; dqN Hkh jgk gks] mlds dkj.k vusd gks ldrs gSAa fo'okfe= us
gksxk vkSj vius lEeku dk nkok ugha djsA eSa rks bldks bl çdkj O;Dr djrk gw¡ lkspk gksxk] ßeSa jke dks /kuq"k p<Ûkus ds fy, Lo;a ugha dgw¡xkAÞ tc os ogk¡ igq¡ps
dh mUgksua s ,d leqfpr fu;e vkSj ;qfDr;qDr fl¼kUr dk çfriknu fd;k] tSlk vkSj jktk tud iwNrs gS]a ß;s lqUnj jktdqekj dkSu gS\a Þ] os mudk ifjp; nsrs gSa
fd o`¼ ½f"k us dgk FkkA mlls Hkh loksPZ p Fkh] vfuok;Zrk lqj{kk ds çfr dÙkZO; vkSj crkrs gSa fd os /kuq"k ds n'kZu ds fy;s vk, gSAa tud rc igyh ckj dgrs gS]a
dhA fo'okfe= ,d egku ;K dk vuq"Bku dj jgs gSa vkSj jktk dk loksPZ p dÙkZO; ßvjs] /kuq"k! ;g rks vkidks ekywe gh gksxk gh fd eSua s ;g ç.k fd;k gS] tks ohj
gS vkSj loksiZ fj ek¡x gS] j{k.kh; O;fDr;ksa dh lqj{kk djukA vU; xkS.k dÙkZO; rks /kuq"k dks Mksjh p<Ûkus esa lQy gksxk] ogh esjh iq=h dk ifr gksxkA ;fn jke ds HkkX;
i`"BHkwfe esa gSAa vr% ,d L=h ds çfr vkidk fdruk Hkh fygktÛ D;ksa u gksA ijUrq eSa us lkFk fn;k] rks ;s esjs tkekrk cu ldrs gSAa Þ vki le> ldrs gSa fd jke dh
lksprk gw¡] bl NksVh lh ?kVuk ls ge bl çdkj dh f'k{kk ys ldrs gSAa vki ,d çfrfØ;k e;kZfnr gksxh] mUgksua s ,d 'kCn Hkh ugha dgkA /kuq"k ogk¡ yk;k x;kA ,slk
egku ;K vkSj mlls çkIr gksus okys ifj.kkeksa dks bl uSfrd 'kadk ds dkj.k dgk x;k gS fd ;g vkB ifg;ksa okyh ,d xkMÛh esa ik¡p gTÛkkj vknfe;ksa }kjk [khap
fcxMÛus ughs ns ldrsA dj yk;k x;k FkkA /kuq"k ds vkus ds i'pkr~ tud us çksRlkgu :i esa dgk] Þu
vc cky dkaM esa eSa ,d egRoiw.kZ eksMÛ ij vkrk gw¡] tgk¡ fo'okfe= vkSj tkus fdrus vk, fdrus vkSj x,] fdUrq /kuq"k fdlh ls mBk;k rd Hkh ugha x;kA
vU; ½f"k jke vkSj y{e.k dks fefFkyk tkus dk lq>ko nsrs gSAa os crkrs gSa fd ogk¡ tc ;g iUæg o"khZ; ckyd ml /kuq"k ds lkeus [kMÛk dqN yTtkrk lk [kMÛk Fkk]
vkd"kZ.k nksgjk gSA jktk tud ,d cMÛs ;K dk vuq"Bku dj jgs gS]a vkSj eSa fo'ks"k rks mifLFkr x.k us rks ;gh lkspk gksxk] ßyks] ,d vkSj vlQyrk ns[kksAÞ fo'okfe=
:i ls vkidk /;ku bl ckr dh vksj fnykuk pkgrk gw¡ fd mu fnuksa ;g loZfofnr us rks dsoy bruk gh dgk] ßbu ckydksa dks Hkh fn[kkvks] bUgsa Hkh ns[kus nksAÞ og
Fkk fd og ns[kus ;ksX; gSA nwljh vkd"kZ.kh; ckr ;g gS fd jktk ds ikl ,d fnO; fo'kky lUnwd lkeus vk;k] jke us <Ddu mBk dj /kuq"k ij n`f"V MkyhA vkSj cMÛs
/kuq"k gS] ogh ftlls Hkxoku f'ko us f=iqjksa dk lagkj fd;k FkkA ;g /kuq"k vc jktk Li"V fouez ls Loj esa iwNk] ßeSa bls Nw yw¡\Þ mu nksuksa us dgk] ßgk¡] gk¡] vo';AÞ
tud ds vf/kdkj esa vk x;k gSA /kuq"k oLrqr% f'ko ls fdl çdkj o fdu pj.kksa esa ßD;k eSa mls mBkdj çR;apk p<Ûkus dk ç;kl Hkh dj ldrk gw¡\Þ fcuk fdlh çR;{k
tud ds vf/kdkj esa vk;k] bldk dksbZ lgh mYys[k xzFa k esa ugha gS] u gh gekjs ç;Ru ds mUgksua s /kuq"k dks mBk fy;k vkSj eksMÛdj ml ij çR;apk p<Ûk nhA ijUrq
fy, blds fo"k; esa okn&fookn esa iMÛuk vko';d gSA vr% ;s ½f"k] fo'okfe= og muds gkFkksa esa nks VqdMÛs gks x;kA tSls gh og VwVk] i`Foh dk¡i mBh] dfo o.kZu
lfgr] jke y{e.k ls cksy]s ßge fefFkyk pys]a ftlls ge ;K esa lfEefyr gks djrk gS] vkSj ftrus yksx ogk¡ [kMÛs Fks Hk;Hkhr gksdj fxj iMÛ]s i'kq&i{kh lc

Hk;kdqy gks x,A dsoy jktk tud] nksuksa HkkbZ vkSj fo'okfe= viuh lafLFkfr fTÛkØ fd;k tkrk gSA ,slk dqN ugha gqvk fd tud us lSd a MÛkas tUeif=;k¡ feyokbZ
cuk, j[k ldsA yksd esa 'ks"k lc vLrO;Lr gks x;kA tSls gh /kuq"k VwVk] ,slh gksa ;k os viuh iq=h dk çLrko ysdj dHkh ,d ds ikl dHkh nwljs ds ikl nkSMÛs fQjs
?kVukvksa ds chp] tud us dgk] ßesjh euksdkeuk iw.kZ gqbAZ eq>s l;ksX; oj fey gksa vkSj iwNrs fQjs gks]a ßD;k vkidks 20,000 #i;s Lohdk;Z gSa ;k blls vf/kd pkfg;s\a Þ
x;k gSA vc eSa rqjUr vc eSa fo'oluh; nwrksa dks jktk n'kjFk ds ikl Hkst¡wxk vkSj çkphu fof/k dh ijEijk Fkh fd oji{k dh vksj ls fo}ku] tks *oSfnd^ dgykrs Fks]
mUgsa vkdj bl tksMÛs dks oj&o/kw cuus dk vk'khokZn nsus dks dg¡xw kAÞ bl dke ds fy;s fu;qDr fd, tkrs Fks] ftudk dke mi;qDr dU;k dh [kkst djuk
çlax dk fooj.k djrs le; lhrk vuql;w k dks TÛkjk nwljk fooj.k nsrh gSA gksrk FkkA ,slk gh ;gk¡ Hkh fd;k x;kA ofl"B }kjk y{e.k ds fy;s m£eyk dk gkFk
;g Hkh bl dkO; dh fo'ks"krkvksa esa ls ,d gSA dksbZ Hkh ?kVuk dh mlh Hkk"kk esa ;k ek¡xus ds i'pkr~ bl nwljs fookg dk çLrko fd;k tkuk ,d LokHkkfod ckr Fkh
mlh Øe foLrkj ls iqu#fDr ugha dh xbZ gS] dqN FkksMÛk cgqr varj çk;% jgrk gSA vkSj ;g yksdkpkj ds vuqlkj FkkA blds i'pkr~ fo'okfe= us ckr dks vk;s c<Ûk;kA
bl lUnHkZ esa eSa rks dgw¡xk fd D;ksfa d vFkZ&fu:i.k dk ;g ,d fl¼kUr gS] eSa ;g ßvc ekuo bfrgkl esa ,d vlk/kkj.k ?kVuk ?kVh gSA dHkh fdlh us tud vkSj
dguk vko';d gS fd ugha le>rk fd blessa fdlh çdkj dh vlaxfr gSA lhrk n'kjFk tSls nks ujs'kksa dk ,d gh eap ij bdëk lquk gS\ 'krkuUn ;gk¡ vkSj ofl"B
dgrh gS] ßtSls gh /kuq"k VwVk vkSj eSa fotsrk dh lEifÙk gks xbZ] vkSj esjs firk th ogk¡] b{okdq rFkk fonsg] vc tc ge lc ;gk¡ gS] gs jktk tud] eSa vkils
,d ik= esa ty ysdj rqjUr eq>s jke dks le£ir djuk pkgrs FksA fdUrq jke us vuqjks/k djrk gw¡ fd vki vius HkkbZ dh iqf=;ksa dks Hkh v;ks/;k ujs'k ds vU; nks
dgk] *ugha] eSa vius firk dh LohÏfr fcuk iRuh Lohdkj ugha dj ldrkA^ vr,o] iq=ksa ds fy;s ns nsAa Þ ;g çLrko oji{k dh vksj ls vk;kA vuqjks/k lnk oji{k dh
jktk tud dks nwr Hkstus iMÛAs Þ ;g lhrk dk fooj.k gSA lhrk dk laLej.k Bhd gh vksj ls gh gksrk FkkA tc laLdkj dk le; vk;k] og çfl¼ 'yksd] tks ekaxfyd
gksxkA bu nks fooj.kksa esa vkSj Hkh vlaxfr;k¡ gS]a ijUrq buesa gekjh fnypLih ugha gSA voljksa ij fdruh Hkh ckj i<Ûk tk ldrk gS] tud }kjk cksyk x;kA mUgksua s iq=h
;Fkk] bl le;] oSls bldk Hkh dqN egÙo gS] ftldk eSa mYys[k vkxs d:¡xkA lhrk dk gkFk idMÛk vkSj vfXu ds le{k jke dks ds lEeq[k fLFkr dj dgk %
nh;ekuka u rq rnk çfrtxzkg jk?ko%A b;a lhrk ee lqrk lg/keZpjh roA
vfoKk; firq'NUne;ks/;kf/kirs% çHkksAA II.118.51 çrhPN pSuka Hkæa rs ikf.ka x`º.kh"o ikf.kukAA
ßjke rqjUr gh eq> thrh gqbZ lEifÙk dks xzg.k djus ds fy;s rS;kj ugha Fks ifrozrk egkHkkxk Nk;sokuqxrk lnkA
D;ksfa d os vius firk th dh bPNk tkuuk pkgrs FksAÞ bR;qDRok çkf{kiæktk eU=iwra tya rnkAA I.73.27,28
tSls gh jktk n'kjFk dks tud dk lUns'k feyk] os vR;Ur çlék gq,] eqfnr ßbldks xzg.k djks] ;g gS esjh iq=h lhrk] tks thou ds lHkh /kk£ed dÙkZO;ksa
eu ls os egku xq#tuksa vkSj lsuk lfgr fefFkyk ds fy, jokuk gq,A ;gk¡ rd ,d esa rqEgkjh lgpjh cuus okyh gSA lkSHkkX;'kkyh jgksA bldk lh/kk gkFk vius gkFk esa
ckr mYys[kuh; gS] vkSj tSls vki dFkk i<Ûxas ]s vkidks fofnr gks tk;sxs k fd lhrk yksA ;g rqEgkjs fy, /keZfu"Bk ,oa ifrozrk rFkk lkSHkkX;'kkyh fl¼ gksxh rFkk Nk;k
dk LFkku mudh vU; cguks]a m£eyk] ekaMoh rFkk Jqrdh£r ds LFkku ls dqN fHkék leku rqEgkjk vuqlj.k djsxh] lnk&lnkAÞ bl çdkj ;g fookg lEi= gqvkA vU;
gSA lhrk rks igys ls gh thrh tk pqdh Fkh] og Jh jke ds vf/kdkj esa vk x;h FkhA tksMÛs Hkh blh çdkj ifo= cU/ku esa la;Dq rA
fdUrq] tSlk fd lc tkurs gS]a mlh le; ogk¡ rhu fookg vkSj Hkh lEiék gq,A ;g ij'kqjke lacfU/kr Hk;kud ?kVuk dks NksMÛrs gq,] vkidh vuqefr ls] vc eSa
dSls gqvk\ bldk mÙkj xzFa k esa <w¡<us ;ksX; gSA vge~ ckr ;g gS fd tud us m£eyk cky dkaM ds vfUre Hkkx ij vkrk gw¡] tgk¡ dfo ije vkuUne; okrkoj.k dk
dks y{e.k ds fy;s nsus dk çLrko ugha fd;k Fkk vkSj u gh ek.Moh dks Hkjr ds o.kZu djrk gS] ftlesa ;s pkjksa tksMÛs lkFk&lkFk n'kjFk dh N=Nk;k esa thou fcrk
fy;s vkSj 'k=q?u ds fy;s Jqrdh£r dksA ,slk çrhr gksrk gS fd dfo us czãfookg jgs FksA ikjLifjd lacU/kksa dh ?kfu"Brk dk o.kZu djus ds fy;s dfo dks mi;qDr
(dU;knku) i¼fr dk vuqlj.k djrs gq, bl ç'u dk mÙkj fn;k gSA eg£"k ofl"B 'kCn ugha feyrs] fdl çdkj ifr iRuh dks çlék j[krs] iRuh ifr dks lar"q V j[krh
us b{okdq dqy dh oa'kkoyh nsrs gq, ukeksa dh ,d yEch lwph çLrqr dh vkSj rRi'pkr~ FkhA eq[;r% dfo jke&lhrk dh tksMÛh dk mYys[k djrk gSA tSlk fd fu;fr bl
viuk oDrO; bl çdkj lekIr fd;k % ßjktu~] vc eSa lhrk dk gkFk jke ds fy, dFkk dks eks M Û ns x h] mlh ds vuq : i Hkjr vkS j 'k=q ? u dks igys gh ekek
vkSj m£eyk dk gkFk y{e.k ds fy;s ek¡xrk gw¡AÞ ;gk¡ igyh ckj vU; fookgksa dk ;q/kkftr vius lkFk ys x, FksA dfo bldk dksbZ mYys[k ugha djrk fd ek.Moh

rFkk JqrdhfrZ Hkh muds lkFk xb± Fkh ;k ughaA gekjk dfo Hkh fujkyk gS] mldh #fp ßfuLlUnsg eq>s iRuh blfy;s feyh gS fd eSa cyoku Fkk vkSj vius 'kkS;Z ls
rks dsoy lhrk ds fy;s gh gS] mUgh dk o.kZu djus ls gh mls QÛl q rZ ughaA og muds ml /kuq"k dks eksMÛ ldkA ijUrq esjs firk th us bl lEcU/k ds fy, gk£nd vuqefr
ÏR;ksa dk lkaxksikax o.kZu djuk gSA vU; rhu dksbZ o/kqvksa dk mYys[k ugha feyrkA nhA lhrk eq>s bl dkj.k ls vkSj Hkh vf/kd fç; gSAÞ bl ckr dks bl çdkj ekékk
oLrqr% ek.Moh vkSj Jqrdh£r ds ukeksa dk mYys[k dsoy ,d ckj gh fd;k x;k gSA gh mfpr gksxkA bl lUnHkZ esa ge jke dks ,d vkSj egku xq.k dk Js; ns ldrs gSa
;g Hkh Kkr ugha dh dSds; xbZ Hkh ;k ughaA tc Hkjr v;ks/;k ykSVs] os ykSVs Fks fd vius thou esa mUgksua s dHkh Hkh fdlh cMÛs dk;Z djus ls iwoZ vius firk dh iw.kZ
n'kjFk dh e`R;q ds i'pkr~] ftlds fo"k; esa os vufHkK Fks& ;gk¡ Hkh ek.Moh vkSj vuqefr ds ysus ds egÙo dks ugha HkwykA iRuh dk pquko fgUnw /kkj.kkvksa ds vuqlkj
Jqrdh£r dk dksbZ fTÛkØ ugha gSA ;fn dfo us muds fo"k; esa dqN dguk vko';d thou dh mu vR;ko';d ckrksa esa ls ,d gS] ftlesa oj ds firk dh ,d vge~
ugha le>k] rks gekjs fy, Hkh mfpr gS fd ge Hkh mu ij dksbZ /;ku u nsaA ;gh Hkwfedk gksrh gSA vc ;g /kkj.kk;sa feVrh tk jgh gSAa bl lUnHkZ esa ;|fi bl dFkk
eku fy;k tk;s]s muds fo"k; esa lc dqN Bhd&Bkd FkkA esa n'kjFk dk vkxeu nsj ls gksrk gS] fQj Hkh ;g ckr fd os fookg esa mifLFkr gq,
fdUrq ,d NksVk lk dqN fookn dk fo"k; cu x;k gSA tc dfo lhrk dk jke vkSj mUgksua s viuh iw.kZ vuqefr nh] jke ds fy;s Hkh mruh gh eaxyçn Fkh] ftruh
ds çfr vkSj jke dk lhrk ds çfr çse dk o.kZu djrk gS] og vR;Ur dkO;kRed fd muds Hkkb;ksa ds fy;s] ftuds fy;s çkphu fgUnw fof/k dk ikyu iw.kZr;k
vkSj vfHkO;atd Hkk"kk dk ç;ksx djrk gSA og dgrk gS fd os ,d&nwljs ds fopkjksa fd;k x;kA
dks cMÛh lgtrk ls i<Û ldrs FksA ftàk vkSj vkS"Bksa dh 'kk;n dksbZ Hkwfedk ugha Fkh]
u;uksa dh Hkh ughaA Hkkoukvksa dk laç"s k.k ân;&ân; ds chp gksrk FkkA nksuksa ân;
,desd FksA ,d dh bPNk nwljs dh vfHkyk"kk FkhA ;g rks dguk lEHko ugha dkSu

fdlls vf/kd çse djrk FkkA vkxs ,d 'yksd esa dfo dgrk gS %
fç;k rq lhrk jkeL; nkjk% fir`dr ` k bfrAA I.77.27
bl okD; dh O;k[;k ;gk¡ ,d ckj lqfoK fo}ku lkfgrh oYyHk Vh-
lqUnjkpk;Z }kjk dh xbZ FkhA Jh jke lhrk dks vk¡[k dh iqryh ekurs FksA ;g
lkspdj dh mudk pquko ;k nku firk }kjk fd;k x;k FkkA fofp= ckr rks ;g gS
fd dfo us bl ckr dks ekaMoh] m£eyk vkSj Jqrdh£r ds fy, ykxw ugha fd;k
D;ksfa d muds ifr;ksa dk pquko firkvksa }kjk gqvk FkkA dfo us ,slk dsoy Jh jke ds
fy;s gh dgk gS] D;ksfa d mUgksua s lhrk dks firk ds pquko }kjk ugha ik;k Fkk] cfYd
futh 'kkS;]Z Hkqtcy ls çkIr fd;k FkkA dq'ky dfo bl fcUnq dk mYys[k 'kk;n
blfy;s djrk gS] D;ksfa d mls /;ku vk x;k fd vkxs pydj lhrk dgrh gSa fd Jh
jke firk dh vuqefr ds fcuk fookg ds fy, lger ugha gq, FksA ikf.kxzg.k ls iwoZ
firk dks vkdj ^gk¡* dguk iMÛkA dnkfpr~~ NksVs ls ,d çlax ij cy nsus ds fy,
dfo us bl çdkj dk ç;ksx fd;k gSA eSua s ml fofp= Vhdk dks ugha ns[kk gS] ftlesa
;g dgk x;k gS fd ^fir`* 'kCn ;gk¡ n'kjFk dks ugha] cfYd tud dks ladrs djrk
gS] vuqlkj ^fir`Ïrk* (tud) dks ^fir`nÙkk* ds vFkZ esa ekuk tkuk pkfg,] D;kafs d
okLrfod :i esa pkgs ;g Lo;aoj gh gqvk gks] ijUrq czã&:i fo/kku dk ikyu
fd;k x;k FkkA tud us lhrk dks Jh jke ds gkFkksa lkSia k FkkA pkgs dqN Hkh gks] ns[kus
;ksX; ckr ;g gS fd Jh jke ds fy;s] pkgs ;g firk dk pquko gks ;k dsoy mudh
vuqefr] ;g Hkh nkEiR; ikjLifjd çse dks c<Ûkus dk ,d dkj.k FkkA
34 jkek;.k ds T;ksfr&LrEHk rhljk v/;k; 35

mudk çse lhrk ds çfr çse ls Hkh vf/kd FkkA eSa nks ;k rhu cMÛs çHkko'kkyh va'k
çLrqr d:¡xk] tgk¡ mUgksua s Lo;a gh ;g rqyuk dh gSA ;s va'k vrho lqna j vkSj
rhljk v/;k; dk#f.kd gSAa ;q¼ dkaM esa tc jke vkSj y{e.k nksuksa gh bUæftr ds ukxck.kksa }kjk
/kjk'kk;h gks x, Fks] jke y{e.k ls dqN igys gks'k esa vk x,A çk.k 'kwU;or~ y{e.k
y{e.k dks çk.k dbZ vrho vkd"kZd 'yksdksa esa os viuh ek£ed 'kksd O;Dr djrs gSAa buesa
ls rhu eSa çLrqr djrk gw¡A
fda uq esa lhr;k dk;± thforsu okA
vU;= ,d iwoZ O;k[;ku esa eSua s dgk Fkk fd ekuoh; lEcU/kksa esa jke vkSj 'k;kua ;ks·| i';kfe Hkzkrja ;qf/k fuftZre~AA VI.49.5
y{e.k dk ikjLifjd lEcU/k vuqie FkkA bldk çpqj Li"V lk{; bl egkdkO; ßgk;! ;fn lhrk fey Hkh tk;s] rks mls ysdj eSa D;k d:¡xk\ vFkok bl
esa feyrk gSA çse dk dksbZ ifjek.k ugha gksrk] mldh Fkkg dk dksbZ vuqeku ugha] thou dks gh j[kdj D;k djuk gS] tcfd vkt eSa vius ijkftr gq, HkkbZ dks ;q¼
,d çse vkSj nwljs çse dh xgjkbZ dk vUrj O;fDrxr vuqHko }kjk gh tkuk tk LFky esa iMÛk gqvk ns[k jgk gw¡\Þ
ldrk gSA ;g rks ge iwoZ esa ns[k pqds gSa fd jke vkSj lhrk dks ftl çse us
,d&nwljs ds çfr vkd£"kr fd;k] og viwoZ FkkA tc lhrk muls fcNqMÛ xbZ] jke 'kD;k lhrklek ukjh çkIrqayksds fofpUorkA
u y{e.kleks Hkzkrk lfpo% lkaijkf;d%AA VI.49.6
dh O;Fkk dh dksbZ lhek jgh] mUgksua s mudh iqu% çkfIr ds fufeÙk ç;Ruksa esa Hkh fdlh
ßdnkfpr~~ i`fFkoh ij [kkst djus ds mijkUr lhrkln`'k iRuh fey Hkh tk;sA
dksbZ dÛlj u NksMÛhA oLrqr% lEiw.kZ ^jkek;.k* esa fo"k; ;gh gSA lhrk ls fcNqMÛ dj
fdUrq] y{e.k ln`'k lgk;d ;q¼ dq'ky HkkbZ ugha fey ldrkAÞ
mudk lq[k pSu mtMÛ x;kA os ikxy ls gks x,A ouksa esa b/kj&m/kj ?kwers fQjs]
çyki djus yxsA os o`{kksa] ioZrksa] ufn;ksa ls vuqu;&fou; djus yxsA mUgksaus ifjR;{;kE;ga çk.kku~ okukjk.kka rq i';rke~A
nsorkvksa dks l`f"V&fouk'k dh Hkh /kedh nhA os vkRegR;k dh Hkh /kedh nsus yxsA ;fn i¥pRoekié% lqe=kuUno/kZu%AA VI.49.7
cspkjs y{e.k dks Hkh bl ?kksj O;Fkk ds le; mUgsa lkURouk nsuk dfBu gks x;kA jke ß;fn lfqe=k dk vkuUn o/kZu djus okys y{e.k thfor u jgs] rks eSa fe=
;s vlk/kkj.k ç;Ru lhrk dh çkfIr gsrq ugha] oju~ e;kZnk dh j{kk ds fy, dj jgs okujksa ds le{k vius çk.kksa dk ifjR;kx dj nw¡xkAÞ
FksA bldk ladrs dFkk ds peksRZ d"kZ rd ugha feyrk vFkkZr~ jko.k ds o/k vkSj lhrk fQj nwljh ckj tc y{e.k ij jko.k ds ^'kfDr* ck.k dk çgkj gqvk] rks os
dk jke ds lEeq[k cqyk;s tkus rd dksbZ ,slk dksbZ ladrs ugha gS] ftlls tkuk tk e`ror~ gks x,A fQj]
lds fd ml uktÛd q {k.k os fdl çdkj ls ds euksHkko ls ijkHkwr FksA dnkfpr~~ os jk?koks Hkzkrja n`"VÓ fç;a çk.ka cfg'pje~A
lksp jgs Fks fd lhrk ds pfj= ij ,d dyad gS ;k ,slk ekuk tk ldrk gSA vr% nq%[ksu egrkfo"Vks /;ku'kksdijk;.k%AA VI.102.9
mudks v;ks/;k dh lezkKh ds :i esa okil ysuk viuh vkSj vius dqy dh çfr"Bk Jh jke ckgj fopjus okys çk.kksa ds leku fç; HkkbZ y{e.k dks bl voLFkk
ij cêk yxkuk gksxkA jko.k o/k ds iwoZ çfr{k.k ekuks os lhrk dks vius çk.k ln`'k esa ns[kdj nq%[k ls O;kdqy gks x,] fpUrk vkSj 'kksd esa Mwc x,A nq%[kkrZ jke
ekurs jgsA vDÛlj mUgsa yxrk fd lhrk ds fcuk mudk thuk vlEHko gSA fdUrq vkØks'k djus yxs %
tc mUgksua s lhrk dks ns[kk vius fe=ksa dh mifLFkfr es]a ;g eugwl lUnsg muds
;FkSo eka oua ;kUreuq;krks egk|qfr%A
eu esa mfnr gqvk vkSj mUgksua s fu"Bqj opu dgs] ftudk i<Ûuk vkt Hkh gekjs fy,
vgeI;uq;kL;kfe rFkSou s a ;e{;e~AA VI.49.17 (eqEcbZ laLdj.k)
vR;Ur nq%[knk;h gS] vkSj tks lcdh vJqvksa esa ty Hkj ykrs gSAa ßftl çdkj ou dks çLFkku djrs le; ou ds d"Vksa vkSj vkradksa ij /;ku
fQj Hkh bl vfr'k; çse ls Hkh] ftldks mUgksua s ml {k.k bruh n`<Ûrk ds u nssrs gq, egkrstLoh y{e.k esjs ihNs&ihNs pys vk;s Fks] mlh çdkj eSa Hkh
lkFk ,d fdukjs j[k fn;k vkSj ftldh vfHkO;atuk bl dkO; esa vusd LFkkuksa ij ;eyksd esa Hkh mudk vuqlj.k d:¡xkAÞ
feyrh gS] dgha vf/kd Fkk mudk y{e.k ds çfr çseA mldh rks Js.kh gh fujkyh
ns'ks ns'ks dy=kf.k ns'ks ns'ks p ckU/kok%A
FkhA bl dkO; esa rhu LFkyksa ij mUgksua s Li"V ?kksf"kr fd;k gS fd y{e.k ds çfr
34

ra rq ns'ka u i';kfe ;= Hkzkrk% lgksnj%AA VI.102.12,13 fo'oluh; rqyk ij rksy ldrh gS] tks fd mldh lgt çKk gSA eSa crkuk pkgw¡xk
;g oLrqr% iwoZ fopkj dh gh iqu#fDr gSA ßvusd ns'kksa esa lqyHk gS] fç; fd bl mfDr esa ys'kek= Hkh bZ";kZ dk va'k u jgk gksxkA jke ds çfr muds vuqjkx
ckU/ko Hkh loZ= fey ldrs gS]a fdUrq bl /kjrh ij ,slk dksbZ ns'k eq>s fn[kkbZ ugha ds dkj.k y{e.k ds Lusg esa lhrk Lo;a dk mPp LFkku FkkA tc lhrk us vius vkSj
nsrk] tgk¡ y{e.k tSlk lgksnj fey ldsAÞ y{e.k ds çfr jke ds vuqjkx dk mYys[k fd;k] rks gesa ekuuk iMÛxs k fd blesa
bgSo ej.ka Js;ks u rq cU/kqfoxgZ.ke~A 'kadk dk ys'kek= Hkh LFkku ugha gSA
fda e;k nq"Ñra deZ ÑreU;= tUekfuAA VI.101.18,19 (eqEcbZ la-) ;gk¡ ;g /;ku esa j[kuk gksxk fd jke ,d vf}rh; ik= FksA vr,o] dfo ds
ßvr% esjs fy;s ej tkuk vPNk gSA HkkbZ cU/kqvksa ds chp [kjh [kksVh lquuk vuqlkj] ;g ;kn j[kuk gksxk fd bu ekuoh; vkSj oS;fDrd xq.kksa ls Hkh vf/kd
vPNk ughaA eSua s iwot Z Ue esa dkSu lk iki fd;k Fkk\Þ egÙoiw.kZ Fkk] muds ân; es]a blls Hkh dgha vf/kd cMÛk vuqjkxA og D;k Fkk\
Jh jke ds lUnHkZ esa fdlh iwotZ Ue dk ladrs dsoy blh LFkku ij feyrk gS U;k;kSfpR; ds çfr vuqjkx] lEeku ds çfr vuqjkx] /keZ ds çfr vuqjkxA ;g
vkSj dgha ugha feyrk vU;= Hkh dgh gS] ;g eq>s ekywe ughaA* dfo ds vuqlkj mudh çÏfr esa ,d çsjd ewyHkwr rÙo Fkk] tSlk fd ge ns[krs gSa fd vusdksa ckj
jke fo".kq ds vorkj FksA vr% muds fo"k; esa iwot Z Ue dh dYiuk vfpUR; gS] ijh{kk dh dlkSVh ij fot;h gksdj os lR; ds 'kk'or nkosnkj cusA nsf[k,] os D;k
mudk ;g dguk fd mudk nqHkkZX; fdlh iwoZ tUe ds nq"deZ dk Qy gS] gekjh dgrs gSa tc dSd;s h us mudh çfrfØ;k ds çfr cMÛh vk'kadk ls mUgsa ^;qojkt* in
le> ls ckgj gSA dk vfHk"ksd NksMÛus ds fy;s dgkA Jh jke dk mÙkj Fkk] ßdsoy bruh lh gh ckr
tc guqeku }kjk fo'ks"k :i ls ykbZ xbZ vkS"kf/k;ksa ds ç;ksx ls lq"ks.k oS| Fkh] rks eq>ls igys gh D;ksa u dg nh xbZ\ D;k vki esjs LoHkko ls ifjfpr ugha\Þ
y{e.k dks gks'k esa ys vk,] Jh jke mudks xys yxkrs gq, muds çfr ;g mn~xkj vga fg lhrka jkT;a p çk.kkfu"Vku~ /kukfu pA
çdV djrs gSa % â"Vks Hkzk=s Lo;a n|ka Hkjrk;kçspksfnr%AA II.19.7
ÞeSa dsoy vkids dgus ls Hkh vius HkkbZ Hkjr ds fy, bl jkT; dks] (;g
u fg eSa thforsukFkZ% lhr;k pkfi y{e.kA
dks fg es fot;sukFkZLrof; i´pRoekxrsAA VI.102.40 dgrs eq>s 'keZ vk jgh gS) lhrk dks] I;kjs çk.kksa dks rFkk lkjh lEifÙk dks Hkh
ßrqEgkjs fcuk eq>s thou dh j{kk ls] lhrk ls vFkok fdlh fo"k; ls dksbZ çlékrkiwod Z Lo;a gh ns ldrk gw¡A eq>s 'kh?kz gh le; ij D;ksa ugha crk;k x;k\ß
eryc ughaA tc rqEgha ugha jgksx]s rc eSa bl thou dks j[k dj D;k d:¡xk\Þ vc nsf[k, og çfl¼ çlax] tgk¡ lhrk muds ,d fo'oluh; lykgdkj dh
,d vU; LFkku esa jke dk y{e.k ds çfr çse rFkk lhrk ds çfr çse esa bl Hkwfedk vnk djrh gSA vkidks ;kn gksxk og çlax] tc jke jk{klksa dks naM nsus dk
fo"kerk dh lqLi"V xokgh feyrh gSA lqUnj dkaM esa ,d vklk/kkj.k euksje okD; opu ½f"k eqfu;ksa dks nsrs gSAa ßvki jk{klksa ds fo#¼ ;q¼ dh gkeh D;ksa Hkj jgs gS\a Þ
esa lhrk Lo;a y{e.k ds O;fDrRo dk o.kZu djrs gq, guqeku ls dgrh gSa % lhrk iwNrh gSa %
fouk oSje p jkSærkA III.9.4
eÙk% fç;rjks fuR;a Hkzkrk jkeL; y{e.k%AA V.38.62
ßfcuk oSj ds gh fdlh ds fo#¼ ;q¼ ugha NsMÛuk pkfg,AÞ
ÞJh jke dk NksVs HkkbZ y{e.k ds çfr lnk eq>ls Hkh vf/kd çse jgrk gSAß
y?kqprs k ,slk ijke'kZ nsus dk lkgl djus ds fy;s pkgs lhrk dh fuUnk Hkh
guqeku us ns[kk Fkk fd lhrk ds fo;ksx esa jke us fdruh ?kksj O;Fkk lgh FkhA
djs]a ijUrq ns[kk tk;ss rks mUgksua s vius dÙkZO; dk ikyu gh fd;kA bl çdkj dk
mUgksua s lkspk gksxk fd tks O;fDr lhrk ls fcNqMÛ dj Hkh thfor jg ldk] og cMÛk
dke lk/kkj.kr% ge viuh ifRu;ksa dks djus ugha nsr]s tgk¡ [ksn dh ckr gS fd çk;%
dBksj&ân; gksxkA guqeku ls] ftuds ewY;kadu esa jke vkSj lhrk cgqr Å¡ps Fks]
os bl ;ksX; ugha gksrhaA thou dk dksbZ {ks= ugha] tgk¡ iRuh dks ijke'kZ dk vf/kdkj
lhrk Lo;a dgrh gS]a ßD;k rqEgsa irk ugha] y{e.k esjs ifr dks eq>ls Hkh dgha
ughaA gesa Hkh Jh jke ds mnkgj.k ls dqN lh[kuk pkfg,A jke dgrs gS]a ßbu lc
vf/kd fç; gS\a Þ ukjh vius lgt cks/k ls ,slh tku ldrh gSA og çse dks lcls
ckrksa esa rqEgsa ijke'kZ nsus dk vf/kdkj gS] bl vkRefo'okl ds fy, eSa rqEgkjk vknj
djrk gw¡]Þ vkSj /;ku nsus ;ksX; 'kCnksa esa os vkxs dgrs gSa %
* ns[ksa % iwo± e;k uwueHkhfIlrkfu ikikfu dekZI;lÑRÑrkfuA
r=k;e|kifrrks foikdks nq%[ksu nq%[ka ;nga fo'kkfeAA III.63.4

vI;ga thfora táka Roka ok lhrs ly{e.kke~A ;g gS] muds lEiw.kZ thou dk ije vFkZA os vius firk dks iwjh rjg ls
u rq çfrKka lJqR; czkã.ksH;ks fo'ks"kr%AA III.10.19 udkjrs gS]a ßeq>s n'kjFk esa firk dk Hkko ugha fn[kk;h nsrkA vc rks Jh jke gh esjs
ßeSa vius çk.k NksMÛ ldrk gw¡] rqEgkjk vkSj y{e.k dk Hkh ifjR;kx dj fy, HkkbZ] j{kd] cU/kqckU/ko rFkk firk gS]a Þ vkSj vkxs dgrs gS]a ßvc esjs ân; esa og
ldrk gw¡A fdUrq viuh çfrKk dks] fo'ks"kr% czkã.kksa ds fy, dh x;h çfrKk dks] eSa LFkku jke us ys fy;k gS] tks n'kjFk ds fy, gksrk] ;fn mudk vkpj.k leqfpr gksrkAÞ
dnkfi ugha rksMÛ ldrkAÞ ,d >yd ek= ls gh vki ns[k ldrs gSa fd jke ds çfr vfr'; J¼kHkko
tks çfrKk dh tk pqdh gS] mls rksMÛuk ugha pkfg,] pkgs fdrus Hkh d"V vkSj gh y{e.k dk thou Fkk] tcfd jke dk mPpre çse Fkk] ,d vewrZ vkSfpR;A jke
ijh{kk;sa vk;sAa og loksiZ fj gSA ;gk¡ Jh jke dk pfj= leLr ekuork ds fy;s çdk'k vkSj y{e.k esa fdruk Hkkjh vUrj FkkA
LrEHk dh Hkk¡fr gSA ,slk mYys[k dsoy igyh ckj gh ugha gqvkA ijUrq] ;g Lej.k tSlk fd vkidks fofnr gS] y{e.k dks dSd a ;Z rÙo dk ewr: Z i ekuk x;k gSA
;ksX; gS fd geesa ls cgqr ls yksx rHkh rd viuk opu ;kn j[krs gSa] tc rd fd ;gh mudh fo'ks"krk gSA mudh y{eh ^dSd a ;Z y{eh* Fkh vFkkZr~ ^dSd
a ;Z^ ;k lsok
og gekjs fgr esa gks vkSj LokFkZ flf¼ esa lgk;d gksA fdUrq ,slk dksbZ fojyk gh mudk y{k.k FkkA muds pfj= esa D;k eq[; fo'ks"krk gS\ muesa ,d dqDdqj ds xq.k
gksxk] tks lc dqN yqVkdj Hkh vius ç.k dks j[k ldsA gS]a nkl y{e.k dk ln~x.q k gSAa j{kd dh Hkk¡fr] ;fn dksbZ vtuch vk tk;s] vFkok
y{e.k dks gh ns[kks! jke ls fdruh fo"kerk gSA tcfd jke dgrs gS]a ß/keZ dksbZ fe= Hkh gks] tks ckgj ls 'k=q lk nh[krk gks] rks pkSdl j{kd dh Hkk¡fr og
loksiZ fj gS]Þ y{e.k us tc viuk fl¼kUr ?kksf"kr fd;k] os dgrs gS]a ßesjs fy, rks HkkSda rk gSA og lcdks lUnsg n`f"V ls ns[krk gS] ijUrq ,d fu"Bkoku nkl dh Hkk¡frA
lc dqN jke ds vUrxZr gSA esjs rks os gh loZLo gS]a eSa u dqN muds ihNs] u gh dqN ;g gS] dSd a ;Zo`fÙk& vius pje Hkko es]a iw.kZ leiZ.kA mudh ;s fo'ks"krk;sa vk|ksikUr
ijs ns[krk gw¡A esjs thou dk y{; mudh LohÏfr gS] esjk mís'; gS mudh çlékrkAÞ ns[kus dks feyrh gSAa dqN ugha] nks ckj tc iapoVh esa lhrk us] jke dh vkns'k ds
jke /keZ vkfn dh ppkZ djrs gSAa y{e.k dks ;g jkl ugha vkrkA ßvkidk fgr] foijhr] mUgsa NksMÛdj y{e.k dks jke dh lgk;rk ds fy;s tkus dk vuqjks/k fd;k
vkidh le`f¼] cl ;gh dsoy eSa ns[kuk pkgrk gw¡A ;fn vki jkT; dk ifjR;kx vkSj ;fn os ,slk ugha djrs] viuk thou R;kx nsus dh /kedh nh vkSj iqu% tc
djrs gS]a rks esjh le> ls vki dksbZ vPNh ckr ugha dj jgs gS]a u gh dksbZ mfpr v;ks/;k esa jke ds vkns'k ds foijhr] nqokZlk us muds ikl ys tk;ss tkus dh gB dh]
dk;ZA vkils c<Ûdj D;k dqN vU; gS\ vkidk fgr gh esjs fy;s lc dqN gSA mlds vkSj ,slk u gksus ij lsuk vkSj lc v;ks/;kokfl;ksa lfgr nq£uokj vfHk'kki dh
Åij esjs fy;s dqN vU; ugha]Þ ,slk y{e.k dgrs gSAa /kedh nhA tc Hkjr] lsuk rFkk v;ks/;kokfl;ksa lfgr fp=dwV vkrs gS]a rks y{e.k
tc lqeU= ykSVdj jktk n'kjFk dks ;g o`ÙkkUr lqukrs gSa fd fdl çdkj os dks Hkjr dh vksj ls "kM~;=a dh vk'kadk gksrh gS vkSj jke dks e`nHq kko ls mUgsa
rhuksa dks ou esa NksMÛ vk, vkSj lEiw.kZ ifjokj ,df=r gksrk gS] lqeU= ls ;g ç'u QVdkj Hkh yxkuh iMÛrh gSA y{e.k dk;Z dq'kyrk jke vkSj lhrk }kjk vuqçekf.kr
iwNk tkrk gS] ßjke] y{e.k vkSj lhrk us D;k dgk\Þ os lc mudk lUns'k lquus ds dh xbZ gSA vYiHkkf"krk ,sls pfjr dh fo'ks"krk gSA os ;q¼ ifj"kn esa foHkh"k.k ds
fy;s mRlqd FksA jke us dgk] ßesjh ek¡ lnk vius /keZ dk ikyu djs] esjs firk ds fo"k; esa Lo;a u cksydj lqxhz o dks cksyus nsrs gSAa mUgsa i'pkrki Hkh 'kh?kz gksrk gS]
çfr lEeku iwod Z vkpj.k djs] dSd;s h ds çfr lkSgknZi.w kZ Hkkouk cjrs] jktk vFkkZr~ ckgj ls os Øq¼ vkSj mxz gks ldrs Fks] mUgsa i'pkrki Hkh 'kh?kz gksrk gS viuh Hkwy
Hkjr ds çfr dÙkZO; fclkjsAÞ ijUrq y{e.k us D;k dgk Fkk\ tcfd jke dk lUns'k Lohdkj djus esa mnkjpsrk gh ugha] cfYd fo'kky&ân; gSAa os fL=;ksa ls nwj gh jgrs
f'k"V 'kCnksa esa Fkk] y{e.k us mudk vuqlj.k ugha fd;kA os vius o`¼ firk ls gS]a ijUrq muesa ukjh ukjh tkfr ds çfr xgjk vknj vkSj lEeku dk Hkko gSA ljy
dgrs gSa % çÏfr gksus ij Hkh ekuuk iMÛxs k fd y{e.k esa vusd çhfrdj xq.k fo|eku Fks]
vleh{; lekjC/ka fo:) cqf)yk?kokr~A ftudk òksr Fkk] jke ds çfr mudk vuU; vuqjkxA
tuf;";fr laØks'ka jk?koL; fooklue~AA II.58.30 mudh ekrk lqfe=k us dgk Fkk] tc y{e.k us jke vkSj lhrk ds lkFk ou ds
ßvkidk jke dks fu"dkflr djuk iw.kZr;k =qfViw.kZ] ewyHkwr :i ls =qfViw.kZ fy;s çLFkku fd;k Fkk\
rFkk fuUnuh; gSA eSa bldh HkRZLuk djrk gw¡AÞ jkea n'kjFka fof) eka fof) tudkRetke~A
vga rkoUegkjkts fir`Roa uksiy{k;sA v;ks/;keVoha fof) xPN rkr ;Fkklq[ke~AA II.40.9
Hkkzrk HkrkZ p cU/kq'o firk p ee jk?ko%AA II.58.31

ßjke rqEgkjs firk gS]a lhrk rqEgkjh ek¡ gS]a ou v;ks/;k gS]a tgk¡ rqEgkjk tUe ds çfr fofp= dFku gS)A esjs fy, os ejs ugha] thfor gSa D;ksfa d mudk çfr:i ;gk¡
gqvk] tkvks çlék jgksAÞ gSAÞ
;g dsoy ,d bPNk ek= gh ugha] çR;qr ,d vfHkyk"kk Hkjh vk'kkiw.kZ mfDr rkRi;Z ;g gS fd tSls firk th }kjk gekjs cpiu esa cMÛ&s cMÛs dke lEiék gq,
gS] ßtkvks] bl çdkj rqEgsa lq[k&'kkfUr çkIr gksxhAÞ ;gk¡ vkSj vkxs Hkh] 'kksd ds Fks] mlh çdkj y{e.k us Hkh cMÛ&s cMÛs dke djds firk th dh Hkwfedk fuHkkbZA
le;] tc lqfe=k dkS'kY;k dks lkURouk nsrh gS] le>nkjh vkSj vkn'kks± esa cMÛh y{ke.k }kjk jke ds fy, ou esa firk dk LFkku xzg.k djuk] ;g rks dsoy dfo
jkuh dh rqyuk esa ofj"Brk çn£'kr djrh gSA okYehfd dh dYiuk gh gS] ftldk tksMÛ vU;= dgha ugha feyrkA
oLrqr% lqfe=k dk y{e.k ds çfr jke dks firk ds leku vkSj lhrk dks ekrk blh çdkj dh Hkkoukvksa dh iqf"V gesa mu okD;ksa esa feyrh gS] ftuds }kjk
ds leku ekuus dk vkns'k vuko';d FkkA nsf[k,] y{e.k ds vkpj.k ds lacU/k esa lhrk us v'kksd&okfVdk esa guqeku ls y{e.k ds pfj= dk lqUnj o.kZu fd;k %
lhrk dk lk{; % ;a n`"V~ok jk?koks uSo o`Ùkek;ZeuqLejsrA~ A V.38.63
firò}rZrs jkes ekròUeka lekpju~AA ß;fn y{e.k esjs ifr ds ikl gksrs gS]a rks os vius e`r firk dks Hkh Hkwy tkrs
fç;ek.kka rnk ohjks u rq eka osn y{e.k%A V.38.60-61 gSa D;ksfa d y{e.k (Jh jke ds ikyu esa nÙkfpÙk jgus ls) muds fy, firk dk LFkku
lhrk us guqeku dks crk;k] ßvc rd jke muds fy;s firk ds leku vkSj eSa ys ysrs gSAa Þ
ek¡ ds leku jgh gw¡AÞ iapoVh vkJe n`'; ds vfrfjDr y{e.k ds çfr jke ds Lusg çn'kZu dk
ge bl dFku dks ml ?kVuk ds çfr lhrk dh {kek;kpuk ds :i esa ns[k ,d vU; mYys[kuh; mnkgj.k gSA bUæftr lagkj ds ckn jke y{e.k ds dk;ks± dh
ldrs gS]a tc mUgksuas s ej.kklék ekjhp ds udÛyh vkØks'k dks lqudj vkRela;e [kks ç'kalk djrs gq, mudk vkfyaxu djrs gSa vkSj nqykjrs gSAa bUæthr ;q¼ lEiw.kZ
fn;k Fkk vkSj y{e.k ds çfr dBksj opuksa dk ç;ksx fd;k gSAa tc ge vktdy ds ;q¼ dh nwljh çeq[k yMÛkbZ FkhA ^jkek;.k^ dh çcU/k ;kstukuqlkj fo".kq us vius
ifjçs{; esa çpfyr lk/kkj.k f?klh&fiVh ÏrKrk ;k {kek;kpuk dh vfHkO;fDr vkidks pkjksa iq=ksa esa foHkDr fd;k FkkA ;g n'kkZ;k x;k gS fd çR;sd HkkbZ dks vdsys
ns[krs gS]a rks ge ikrs gSa fd y{e.k ds çfr vius O;ogkj ds fy;s bu 'kCnksa }kjk ,d egku jk{kl dk uk'k djuk FkkA fo'o ds vR;kpkfj;ksa esa ls lcls vf/kd
O;Dr fd;k x;k lhrk dk [ksn çn'kZu vR;Ur lPpk vkSj fu"diV Fkk] dnkfpr~~ cyoku bUæftr FkkA tSlk fd mÙkj dkaM ds igys lxZ esa o£.kr gS] vxLR; vkSj
gh blls vPNk dksbZ vkSj <ax gks ldsA vU; cMÛs ½f"k muds fouk'k dks jko.k ds o/k ls Hkh vf/kd egRoiw.kZ ekurs FksA
nwljk lk{; gesa jke ls feyrk gS] tc y{e.k us ,d lqUnj i.kZdVq hj dk D;ksfa d og viuh ek;koh 'kfDr }kjk vn`'; vkSj laxkz e esa vt; çk;% gks tkrk
iapoVh esa fuekZ.k fd;kA ml ij jke us ÏrKrk vkSj çse Hkjs mn~xkj çdV fd;sA FkkA y{e.k ds }kjk o/k ls os Hkh fofLer gks x,A bl ?kVuk ls fo'o Hkj esa
vkuUn Hkjh meax esa os y{e.k dk vkfyaxu djrs gSa vkSj dgrs gSa % g"kksYZ ykl dh ygj Hkh nkSMÛ xbZA brus vkuUn dk çn'kZu jko.k ds o/k ij Hkh ugha
lqlaâ"V% ifj"oT; ckgqH;ka y{e.ka rnkA gqvkA jke vkSj foHkh"k.k us y{e.k dks bUæftr dks vfHkHkwr djus esa mudh Hkqtk ij
vfrfLuX/ka p xk<a p opua psneczohr~AA xgjk fo'okl çdV fd;kA
çhrks·fLe rs egRdeZ Ro;k Ñrfena çHkksA blls iwoZ fd eSa y{e.k dh fot; ij jke ds vkuUn dk fooj.k d:¡] eSa
çns;ks ;féfeÙka rs ifj"o³~xks e;k Ñr%AA la{ksi esa crkuk pkgw¡xk fd fdl çdkj bUæftr dk vUr gqvkA bl pwj dj nsus
HkkoKsu ÑrKsu /keZKu s p y{e.kA okys la?k"kZ ij] tks rhu fnu rd vuojr pyrk jgk] eSa vf/kd u Bg:¡xkA os cMÛs
Ro;k iq=.s k /kekZRek u laor ` % firk eeAA III.5.27-29 tÛkjs &'kksj ls ,d&nwljs ij eqDdksa dk çgkj djrs jgsA ;g dguk dfBu gS] fdlds
;gk¡ gesa fir` Hkko ds foi;Z; dk ,d fofp= mnkgj.k ns[kus dks feyrk gSA çgkj vf/kd l'kDr FksA tc laxkz e pyrs&pyrs dkQÛh le; gks x;k] y{e.k dks
jke dgrs gSa] ßtc firk n'kjFk LoxZ fl/kkjs] rks mUgksaus eq>s ,slk ugha NksMÛk] jke ds vkns'k dk /;ku vk;k] ^tfg*] êkj Mkyks*A jke ds uke] ;'k&dh£Ùk vkSj
ftldk lHkh dqN [kks x;k gks (;g rks dkO;kRed dYiuk gS)A eSa rqEgkjs esa og lc 'kkS;&Z ijkØe dk Lej.k djrs gq, mUgksua s ç{ksi.kkL= dks viuk fouk'kd dk;Z djus
dqN ikrk gw¡] tks firk th esa ik ldrk Fkk] ;fn os vkt thfor gksrs (;g NksVs HkkbZ ds fy, vkàku fd;k] tks bl çfl¼ 'yksd esa mn~/k`r gS %

/kekZRek lR;lU/k'p jkeks nk'kfFk;ZfnA y{e.k ml le; viuh ç'kalk lqudj yTtk vuqHko dj jgs Fks] fdUrq Jh
ikS:"ks pkçfr}U}% 'kjSua tfg jkof.ke~AA VI.91.73 jke us mUgsa [khapdj xksn esa ys fy;k vkSj cMÛs I;kj ls mudk eLrd lw¡?kkA 'kL=ksa
eSua s ,d ckj bl ç[;kr ^vfHkea=.k* 'yksd dh O;k[;k caxykSj esa ,d ds vk?kkr ls ihfMÛr gq, Lusgh HkkbZ dks ân; ls yxkdj cMÛs I;kj ls mudh vksj
fo}ku ,oa yksdfç; ^jkek;.k* dFkkokpd ls lquh FkhA eSa mlh dk ;gk¡ mYys[k ns[kus yxsA mUgksua s y{e.k dk eq[k ckj&ckj b/kj&m/kj ?kqek;k] ckj&ckj mUgsa
d:¡xk] dnkfpr~~ vkiesa ls dqN dks ;g ekywe gh gks y{e.k us loZçFke jke dk ns[kus ij Hkh ugha v?kkrs FksA y{e.k vius 'kjhj ds dkj.k vR;Ur ihfMÛr Fks] os
,d ^/kekZRek* ds :i esa vkàku fd;k] ijUrq 'kj (ck.k) ugha pyk D;ksfa d rkMÛdk yEch&yEch lk¡l ys jgs FksA ;g ns[kdj jke cMÛs nq%[kh gq,A mUgksua s Lo;a Hkh ,d
o/k ds lUnHkZ esa muds vkpj.k dh /keZijk;.krk ds fo"k; esa dqN 'kadk gks ldrh nh?kZ lk¡l yhA Jh jke us iqu% mudk yykV lw¡?kk vkSj ihMÛk nwj djus ds fy, muds
FkhA rRi'pkr~ mUgksua s jke dks ^lR;lU/k^ ds uke ls iqdkjkA 'kj fQj Hkh u pyk 'kjhj ij gkFk Qsjus yxs vkSj bl çdkj ç'kked opu cksy]s ßvkt bl nqjkRek
D;ksfa d mUgksua s ckfy dks çR;{k ;q¼ esa vkeus&lkeus gksdj ekjus dk opu ugha 'k=q dk o/k gksus ls eSa fot;h gks x;kA vc vk/ks ls vf/kd dk;Z rks lEiék gks x;kA
fuHkk;kA y{ke.k us rc jke dks ^nk'kjFkh^ dg dj cqyk;k] fQj Hkh ck.k TÛkjk lk Hkh bUæftr dk o/k djds rqeus fu'kkpj jko.k dh nkfguh Hkqtk gh dkV MkyhA ogh
u fgyk D;ksfa d mudk tUe ,d fnO; îk;l^ ls gqvk FkkA vUrr% mUgksua s dgk] mldk lcls cMÛk lgkjk FkkA vc rks og dgha Hkh ugha jgkAÞ nsfo;kas rFkk lTtuks!a
ÞikS#"ks pkçfr}U}%ß vkSj tSls gh muds ;s opu fudys] oSls gh ck.k mMÛk vkSj Lusg bls dgrs gS&a dsoy vc rd bldk cká çn'kZu ugha gqvk FkkA
mlls bUæftr ds flj dks mMÛk fn;k] D;ksfa d ;g fu£ookn lR; Fkk fd 'kfDr vkSj eSua s fL=;ksa ds lkeus y{e.k ds yTtk'khy LoHkko dh vksj ladrs fd;k FkkA
'kkS;Z esa jke ds rqY; nwljk dksbZ u FkkA lquus esa rks ;g O;k[;k cMÛh pkrq;iZ .w kZ fu'p; gh os muds lkeus >sia rs FksA lqxhz o dks bl ckr dk irk FkkA y{e.k ,d
yxrh gS] fdUrq iqu£opkj djus ij bl ij fo'okl ugha gksrkA ckj cMÛs Øks/k eas Hkjs mlds egy ij igq¡pAs lqxhz o dh dfYir pwd ds dkj.k jke
tc bUæftr /kjk'kk;h gks x;k] y{e.k] ftudk 'kjhj jDrflDr Fkk] dh vçlékrk Hkjh /kedh nh] rc lqxzho us rkjk dks mUgsa igys 'kkUr djus
guqeku vkSj foHkh"k.k dh lgk;rk ls jke ds lEeq[k igq¡pAs jke dk vfHkoknu djds dks dgk %
lEekuiwod Z muds fudV [kMÛs gksdj #drh&#drh vkokTÛk esa mUgksua s crk;k fd vFkok Lo;esou S a æ"VqegZfl HkkfefuA
Hk;adj bUæftr dk vUr gks x;kA muds }kjk fd;s x, vlk/kkj.k dk;Z ds fy;s opuS% lkURo;qDrS'p çlknf;rqegZflAA
mudh ljkguk dhA ;gk¡ dfo jke dks y{e.k ds çfr çse çn'kZu dh xEHkhjrk ,oa Roí'kZufo'kq)kRek u ls dksia dfj";frA
xgurk dk o.kZu djrk gSA u fg L=h"kq egkReku% DofpRdqoZfUr nk:.ke~AA
l ra f'kjL;qik?kzk; y{e.ka dhfrZo/kZue~A Ro;k lkURoS:iØkUra çlésfUæ;ekule~A
yTtekua cykRLusgkn³~dekjksI; oh;Zoku~AA rr% deyi=k{ka æ{;kE;gefjanee~AA IV.33.35-37
mios'; reqRl³~xs ifj"oT;koihfMre~A Þtc rqe vius ehBs <ax ls cksyksxh] os Øksf/kr ugha jg ik;sxa s D;ksfa d egku
Hkzkrja y{e.ka fLuX/ka iqu% iqu:nS{krAA O;fDrx.k fdlh L=h ls Øwjrk ls is'k ugha vkrsA tc rd rqe mUgas vius 'kgnHkjs
'kY;laihfMra 'kLra fu%'olUra rq y{e.ke~A 'kCnksa ls ugha thr ysrha] rc rd eSa mUgas ugha feyw¡xkAÞ
jkeLrq nq%[klarIrLrnk fu%'oflrks Hk`'ke~AA ½";ewd ioZr ij ls tkrh gqb]Z lhrk }kjk fxjk;s gq, mÙkjh; oL= vkSj
ewÆ/u pSueqikozk; Hkw;% laLi`'; p Roju~A vkHkw"k.k lqxhz o us tc jke dks fn[kk,] jke 'kksdkrqj gksdj cksy]s Þns[kks y{e.k]
mokp y{e.ka okD;ek'okL; iq:"k"kZHk%AA ns[kks vPNh çdkj ls bu oL=ksa vkSj vkHkw"k.kksa dksA ;g dksey gjh ?kkl ij fxjs gksxa s
v|kga fot;h 'k=kS grs rfLeu~ nqjkRefuA D;ksfa d ;s loZFkk oSls gh yx jgs gS]a tSls fd lhrk ds 'kjhj ij yxrs FksAß y{e.k
jko.kL; u`'kalL; fn"Vîk ohj Ro;k j.ksAA muds opuksa dk vuqeksnu fdl çdkj djrs gS]a ;g lcdks fofnr gSA
fNéks fg nf{k.kks ckgq% l fg rL; O;kikJ;%A VI.92.9-12,14,15 ukga tkukfe ds;jw s ukga tkukfe dq.MysA
uwijq s RofHktkukfe fuR;a iknkfHkoUnukr~AA IV.6.22
44 jkek;.k ds T;ksfr&LrEHk pkSFkk v/;k; 45

ÞeSa rks doy dqNd s gh igpkurk gw¡] D;ksfa d eSua s viuh n`f"V mBkdj dHkh Hkh
mudk psgjk ugha ns[kkA eSa muds cktwÛcUn vkSj d.kZQwyksa dks ugha igpkurk]
D;kafs d eSua s lnSo muds pj.kksa dks ç.kke djrs le; >qd dj gh ns[kk gSAa vr% eSa pkSFkk v/;k;
rks dsoy uwijq dks gh igpkurk gw¡Aß
mÙkj dkaM ds ml n`'; esa tc jke lhrk dks ifjR;kx djus ds fy;s y{e.k y{e.k
dks dfo ds vkJe ds lehi NksMÛus dh vkKk nsrs gS]a lhrk dks igyh ckj y{e.k ds
opuksa }kjk 'kadkyq turk dks çlék djus ds fy;s jke ds muds fo#¼ fn;s x;s
ml dBksj vkns'k dh Hkud iMÛrh gSA lhrk y{e.k ls ;kpuk djrh gSa fd os mUgsa
vPNh çdkj ls ns[k ysa vkSj muds xHkZorh gksus dk lk{kh cusAa fiNys O;k[;ku esa eSua s vkidks crk;k Fkk fd lqUnj dkaM ds 38osa lxZ ds dqN
fujh{; ek| xPN Roe`rdkykfrofruhe~A VII.48.19 'yksdksa esa lhrk us y{e.k ds pfj= dk lVhd o.kZu fd;k gSA lEHkor% vkiesa ls
ÞHkfo"; esa ;fn esjs pfj= ij vk{ksi yxk;k x;k] rks rqEgsa lk{kh gksuk iMÛxs kA dqN us rks bUgsa [kkst fy;k gksxkA ;fn ugha] rks eSa dgrk gw¡ fd vHkh nsj ugha gqbZ gSA
vkt rqe Hkh eq>s ns[k tkvksA eSa bl le; ½rqdky dk mYya?ku djds xHkZorh gks vkt eSa mlh va'k ds v/kZ'yksd ls okrkZ dk vkjEHk djrk gw¡A
pqdh gw¡A esjh vksj ns[kks] esjs Hkhrj jke ds ç.k; ds çek.k vkSj vk'kk gSAa Þ o`)ksilsoh y{ehoku~ 'kDrks u cgq Hkkf"krkAA V. 38.61
ek£ed osnuk ijk vlhe osnuk dk çgkj gqvkA y{e.k ;g vuqjks/k lqudj tks o`¼ xq#tuksa dh lsok esa layXu jgus okys gS]a tks Jh y{eh ;k dqN
vokd~ gks tkrs gSAa ;g ân;i'khZ lqUnj mÙkj nsrs gSa % O;k[;kdkjksa ds vuqlkj dSd a ;Z o`fÙk ls ifjiw.kZ] 'kfDr'kkyh rFkk vfHkyk"kh gS]a tks
n`"Viwo± u rs #ia iknkS n`"VkS roku/ksAA vYiHkk"kh gS& û cgqHkkf"krkA* ;g og 'kCn [kaM gS] ftldh vksj eSa vkidk /;ku
vkd£"kr djuk pkgw¡xkA ok.kh esa lUrqyu ,d le£ir lsod ds xq.kksa esa ls ,d gSA
dFke= fg i';kfe jkes.k jfgrka ousA
bR;qDRok rka ueL—R; iquukZoeqi:ge~AA VII.48.21,22
,d lsod dks ifjokj dh fL=;ksa ds vFkok cPpksa ds leku gksuk pkfg,& tks fn[kkbZ
Þfu"iki ifrozr!s eSua s igys Hkh vkidk lEiw.kZ :i dHkh ugha ns[kk] dsoy rks ns]a ijUrq lqukbZ ugha nsA bl fu;e dk ikyu mu O;fDr;ksa }kjk vo'; fd;k
vkids pj.kksa ds n'kZu fd, gSAa fQj vkt Jh jke jfgr bl ou esa eSa vkidh vksj tkuk pkfg,] ftudks nwljksa dh lsok esa gkfTÛkj jguk iMÛrk gSA y{e.k esa ;g xq.k
dSls ns[k ldrk gw¡] ftUgkaus s vki ij lUnsg fd;k vkSj vkxs Hkh dj ldrs gS\a ß çpqjrk esa fo|eku FkkA dfo us ^'kDr%* fo'ks"k.k dk Hkh ç;ksx fd;k gSA ,slk çrhr
gksrk gS fd ;g vaxTsz Ûkh dh lkekU; mfDr 'strong but silent man' (vFkkZr~ vkstLoh]
eSa bl nnZ Hkjs çlax dks lekIr djrk gw¡A bl yksd esa d"V vkSj nq%[kksa dk fdUrq ekSu) dk ewy çLrqr djrk gSA vktdy rks 'kfDreku yksx çk;% cMÛs okpky
lkeuk djuk egku ,oa iq.;kRekvksa dk fo'ks"k lkSHkkX; gSA os bu nq%[k Hkksxksda k o.kZu Hkh gksrs gSAa ,slk çrhr gksrk gS fd lhrk ds eu esa Hkh ;gh Hkkouk Fkh fd nsoj y{e.k
Lo;a dHkh ugha djrsA mudh rqyuk esa ge tSls {kqæ euq";ksa ds d"V dqN Hkh ughaA muds çfr iw.kZ :i ls le£ir FksA dSls os cMÛs 'kkUrHkko ls NksVh&NksVh ckrksa dk Hkh
fQj Hkh ge nqHkkZX; dh TÛkjk lh pksV ij nSo dks cqjk Hkyk dgus yxrs gSa vkSj /;ku j[krs gq,] mudh rFkk muds ifr Jh jke dh bPNkvksa dh ifjiw£r djrs vkSj
vkØks'k djus yxrs gSAa lkFk gh lkFk ,d vaxj{kd ds lHkh dÙkZO;ksa dk ikyu djus esa dq'ky Hkh FksA vkSj
;g fooj.k dkQÛh gn rd mi;qDr gS] fdUrq v{kj'k% ugha fy;k tkuk pkfg,
D;ksfa d le; iMÛus ij os cMÛh vkstfLouh ok.kh esa yxkrkj cksy ldrs FksA mudk
LoHkko Fkk] tc volj ugha gksrk] os ekSu jgrsA fdUrq dHkh&dHkh ifjfLFkfro'k os
vius Hkkoksa ij fu;a=.k ugha j[k ikrs FksA rc mudh cspuS h] O;xzrk] vFkok mudk
Øks/k vkRela;e Hkqyokdj mudks vfHkHkwr dj ysrk FkkA ,sls voljksa ij dfo muls
,slh ckrs dgyokrk gS] ftldh vis{kk dsoy çk;% ekSu jgus okys O;fDr ls gh dh
45

tk ldrh gSA tks çk;% pqipki jgrs gS]a tc foQjrs gS]a rks cqjh rjg QwV iMÛrs gSAa çksRlkfgrks·;a dSds¸;k l nq"Vks ;fn u% firkA
y{e.k vius HkkbZ rFkk HkkHkh ds çfr vR;f/kd laons u'khy Fks] fo'ks"kdj muds vfe=Hkwrks fu%l³~xa o/;rka c/;rkefiAA II.21.12
fgr] ;ksx{kse ds çfr vR;f/kd laons u'khy Fks] fo'ks"kdj muds fgr] ;ksx{kse ds ;gk¡ y{e.k lpeqp ladsr nsrs gSa fd n'kjFk vkSj dSds;h feydj dksbZ
çfr vf/kd lrdZ FksA y{e.k dks tc ,slk yxrk fd mu ij dksbZ ladV vkus "kM~;U= jp jgs gSAa os dgrs gS]a ßbu nksuksa ds chp dksbZ lk¡B&xk¡B gks pqdh gSA og
okyk gS] rks mudh j{kkRed deZ.;rk dh dksbZ lhek ugha jgrhA v;ks/;k dkaM esa o`¼ iq#"k Åij ls ;g fn[kk,xk fd og jke ds fuokZlu ds fy;s vfuPNqd gS]
tc jke ds ouokl ds ç'u ij lksp fopkj gks jgk Fkk] ;g fo"k; tc rd jktk ijUrq og ;qorh viuk ncko mu ij cuk;s j[ksxhA ijUrq ge bl Nn~e&ladYi
n'kjFk vkSj mudh fç; jkuh dSd;s h ds chp fooknkLin cuk jgk] rc rd y{e.k dks fu"Qy dj nsxa As ;fn firk th gekjs 'k=q cu jgs gS]a rks gesa Hkh eksg&eerk
,d 'kCn Hkh u cksyAs fdUrq tc lc dqN fuf'pr gks x;k] os Øks/k ls tyrs gq, R;kx dj bUgsa canh cuk ysuk pkfg,A vkSj ;fn vfuok;Z gqvk] rks mUgsa ekjus ls Hkh
#ds jgsA tc rd fd jke vkSj mudh ekrk dk dkS'kY;k ds chp okrkZyki 'kq: ugha ladksp ugha djsxsa As Þ dfo y{e.k ls ;g çfl¼ 'yksd dgyokrk gS %
gqvkA ij fQj ml vHkkfxu ek¡ dh n;uh; n'kk us y{e.k dks vfHkHkwr dj fy;k xqjksjI;ofyIrL; dk;kZdk;Zetkur%A
vkSj os ekSu u jg lds] os QwV iMÛAs ;gk¡ gesa ,d okrkZyki feyrk gS] ftlesa y{e.k mRiFka çfriéL; dk;± Hkofr 'kklue~AA II. 21.13
vkØked :i /kkj.k dj dBksj 'kCnksa dk ç;ksx djrs gSAa jke mUgsa le>k dj 'kkUr
dqN yksx bl 'yksd dk vfUre prqFkk±'k bl çdkj i<Ûrs gS]a Þvk;± Hkofr
djrs gSa vkSj muls pqi gksus dk vuqjks/k djrs gSAa os dgrs gS]a ßfoosd ls dke yks]
'kklue~Aß dksbZ Hkh vFkZ buesa ls ysa rkRi;Z ;g gS % pkgs rqEgkjs firk gh D;ksa u gks]a
le>us dh dksf'k'k djks] eSa rks dsoy firk dh vkKk dk ikyu dj jgk gw¡A D;k
pkgs rqEgkjs xq# gh D;ksa ug gks]a ;fn os dÙkZO;kdÙkZO; dk Kku [kks cSBs gSa vkSj ;fn
ekrk&firk dh vkKk dk ikyu djuk iki gS\ nwljh vksj] ;g rks ,d cMÛs iq.; dk
os ,d xÛyr ekxZ dk vuqlj.k djrs gSa] rks vko';d gks tkrk gS fd mudks
dk;Z gSA bl çdkj vkKk dk ikyu djuk esjs fy, djuk esjs fy, vkSipkfjdrk
LorU=rk ds vf/kdkj ls of´pr dj nsuk pkfg,A muds fy;s naM ds vfrfjDr
Hkj ugha] çR;qr esjk y{; firk th dks vi;'k rFkk naM ls cpkuk gS] tks ijyksd
vkSj mik; ugha gSA ;g ç[;kr 'yksd êgkHkkjr* esa ç;qDr gqvk gS (m|ksxioZ]
esa opuHkax nks"k ds fy, Hkqxruh iMÛrk gSA opuiw£r esa fdlh çdkj dh pwd] ,d
178.48)] tgk¡ bls Hkh"e dks vius xq# ij'kqjke ls fookn djrs le; cksyuk iMÛkA
lezkV ds fy, blls c<Ûdj yTtkLin D;k gks ldrk gSA gekjs firk th dks dqN
;gk¡ rks esjk ç;kstu dfo ds ,d vuwBis u dh vksj funs'Z k djuk gSA dfo okYehfd
le; ds fy;s udZokl djuk iMÛxs k] ;fn eSa mUgsa viuk fn;k opu rksMÛus nw¡A ,slk
esa vkSfpR; dh fo'ks"k le> gSA fcYdqy ;gh Hkko vkxs Hkh dfo blh dkaM esa 'k=q?u
eSa ugha gksus nw¡xkA fuf'pr gh eSa mUgsa ijyksd esa Hkh fujkin vkSj lqjf{kr ns[kuk
ls Hkh dgyokrs gSAa y{e.k us bl fo"k; ij ,slk lkspk] rks 'k=q?u us Hkh ,slk gh
pkgrk gw¡A bl ckr dks vPNh rjg le> yks] ;g esjk /;s; gSAÞ rRi'pkr~ os /keZ
lkspk D;ksfa d nksuksa HkkbZ brus vf/kd leku FksA dfo 'k=q?u ls yxHkx leku 'kCnksa
dh uSfrdrk vkjEHk dj nsrs gSAa vc y{e.k dks volj fey tkrk gS] os Hkh /keZ ds
dk ç;ksx djokrk gSA 'k=q?u bl çdkj djrs gS]a ßD;ksa esjs HkkbZ y{e.k us cw<Ûs firk
çfr fuUnkRed mn~xkj m¡My s us yxrs gSAa dgrs gS]a ßeSa ;g lc ugha le>rkA ;g
ds LosPNkpkj dks ugha jksdk] ;fn ;g vko';d Fkk\ D;ksa ugha jke dks jkT; fn;k
nqcyZ rk ds vfrfjDr vkSj dqN ugha gSA ;g vkidks ladV esa Q¡lk nsxk vkSj rc ge
x;k] ftlds os oS/k vf/kdkjh Fks\ eq>s dksbZ vkifÙk ugha gSA o`¼ iq#"k dHkh&dHkh
ikrs gSa jke ds HkkbZ gksdj Hkh y{e.k }kjk ,sls fl¼karksa dk çfriknu gesa pfdr
ew[kks± ds ln`'k vkpj.k djrs gS]a mUgsa Lora= ugha NksMÛk tk ldrkAÞ
djrk gSA y{e.k dgrs gS]a ÞeSa 'kfDreku gw¡A eq>ls ;g ugha ns[kk tkrk fd vkidks
ml oLrq ls of´pr fd;k tk;s] tks okLro esa dsoy vkidh gh gSA ;fn Hkjr vkids iwoeZ os rq fuxzká% leos{; u;ku;kSA
ekxZ esa ck/kk Mkyrs gS]a rks os vkSj muds i{k/kj ns[ksxa s fd ifj.kke D;k gksrk gSAÞ mRiFka ;Llek#<ks uk;kZ jktk o'ka xr%AA II. 78.4
ßtc ;g o`¼ iq#"k ukjh ds o'khHkwr gksdj dqekxZ ij vk:<Û gks pqds Fks] rc
HkjrL;kFk i{;ks ok ;ks okL; fgrfePNfrA
U;k; vkSj vU;k; ij fopkj djds mUgsa igys gh cUnh cuk fy;k tkuk pkfg, FkkAÞ
lokZusrku~ of/k";kfe e`nqÆg ifjHkw;rsAA II.21.11
Þvki tSls uez vkSj e`nHq kk"kh dk rks ckjackj frjLdkj gksrk jgsxkA eSa Hkjr dk ftu 'yksdksa dks eSaus igys i<Ûk gS] mudk ç;ksx jke dh mifLFkfr esa]
vkSj tks Hkh Hkjr dk i{k ysxk] mu lcdk o/k dj Mkyw¡xkAß dkS'kY;k ds le{k] y{e.k djrs gSAa os dgrs gS]a ßvki ugha tkurha] eSa bl le;
dSlk vuqHko dj jgk gw¡AÞ

vuqjDrks·fLe Hkkosu Hkzkrja nsfo rÙor%A ugha gS] u gh ml L=h dk gSA ;g nks"k fu;fr dk gS& ^nSoL; deZ* dkSu vkt rd
lR;su /kuq"kk pSo nÙksu"s Vsu rs 'kisAA II.21.16 HkkX; dk lkeuk dj ldk gS\ ge rqe vkSj lc HkkX; ds v/khu gSAa y{e.k! lc
ßnsfo! eSa lR;] /kuq"k] nku rFkk ;K vkfn dh 'kiFk [kkdj dgrk gw¡ fd esjk dqN 'kkUr Hkko ls Lohdkj dj yksAÞ ugha] ugha] y{e.k dks fcYdqy lek/kku ugha
vius HkkbZ Jh jke esa gk£nd vuqjkx gSAÞ feyk] mudk la'k; fNék ugha gqvkA os dgrs gS]a ß;g fl¼kUr rks fucZyrk dk gSA
os HkkbZ ds çfr vuqjDr gksus dh 'kiFk [kkrs gSAa ckj&ckj 'kiFk ysrs gSAa ,d fucZy gh] ,d ew[kZ gh HkkX; dk vkJ; ysrk gSA ge gh vius HkkX; fo/kkrk gSAa
oLrqr% D;k ckr gS] ftldh iqf"V os bruh TÛkksjnkj vkSj cgqe[q kh 'kiFkksa ds }kjk ;s cyoku Hkqtk fdlfy, gS\ ;s fo'kky LdU/k fdlfy;s gS\a ;s rhj vkSj deku
djrs gS\a fdlfy, gS\a D;k HkkX; ds v/khu gksus ds fufeÙk\ ,sls HkkX; ij f/kDdkj gSAÞ
nhIrefXuej.;a ok ;fn jke% ços{;frA u 'kksHkkFkkZfoekS ckgw u /kuqHkZ"w k.kk; esA
çfo"Va r= eka nsoh Roa iwoeZ o/kkj;AA II.21.17 ukfljkcU/kukFkkZ; u 'kjk% LrEHkgsro%AA II.23.31
dSlh mPp dksfV dh Hkkouk;s!a fdruh çpaM lqUnj Hkkouk! vkR;fUrd lEekuh;] iqu% os vius HkkbZ ls fuosnu djrs gS]a ßcksfy,] cksfy,! eSa Lo;a dks o'k esa
Lo.kkZ{kjksa esa vafdr djus ;ksX;A fdUrq fdruh l'kDr& *nhIrefXuA^ ;fn jke j[kus esa vleFkZ gw¡A crkb,] eq>s vkids fy;s fdl ij vkØe.k dj mls ekjuk gSA
vfXu esa dwn dj ;k Hk;adj vj.; esa tkdj vius thou dks lekIr djuk pkgsxa ]s uke crkb, vkKk nhft,AÞ
rks ek¡] eSa fo'okl fnykrk gw¡] tSls gh os ,slk djus okys gksxa ]s eSa muls igys ,slk czohfg dks·|So e;k fo;qT;rka roklqâRçk.k;'kLlqâTtuS%A
dj yw¡xkA eSa vfXu esa dwn pqdk gksÅ¡xk] mUgsa esjs ckn gh vkuk gksxkAß jke vius ;Fkk ros;a olq/kk o'ks HkosÙkFkSo eka 'kkf/k rokfLe fdadj%AA II.23.41
HkkbZ ds LoHkko ls iw.kZ :i ls ifjfpr FksA os e`noq k.kh esa cksys %
;gk¡ ,d vge~ fcUnq gS] ftldh vksj eSa vkidk /;ku vkd£"kr djuk pkgrk
rnsuka fol`tkuk;k± {k=/kekZfJrka efre~A gw¡A vius vfu;af=r Øks/kksUekn ds ckotwn Hkh y{e.k jke dh vuqefr fcuk] fgalk
/keZekJ; ek rS{k.;a en~cfq )juqxE;rke~AA II. 21.44 ds fy, lpeqp rRij gksrs gq, Hkh fgalk djus ds fy, vfuPNqd FksA os jke dh
;gk¡ fo'ks"kdj ,d 'kCn ^{kf=; /keZ* ij /;ku vkd£"kr djuk pkgrk gw¡A vuqefr dh çrh{kk djrs gSAa v/khj] Øq¼] {kqC/k vkSj vkRefu;a=.k [kksus ij Hkh HkkbZ
jke mrus gh {kf=; gS]a ftrus y{e.kA mUgsa vius xkfjeke; tUe ij xoZ gSAa fQj dh LohÏfr fcuk os dksbZ dÛne ugha c<Ûk;sxa As bruh furkUr gS] mudh fuHkZjrk jke
Hkh jke dgrs gSa fd {kf=;ksa dk tks /keZ gS& lnk ;q¼ djuk gS] fdlh mÙkstuk ds ij] bruk pje vf/kdkj gS] jke dk y{e.k ij fd ikjLifjd fopkjksa esa vUrj
dkj.k vFkok fcuk mÙkstuk ds dkj.k Hkh] bl çdkj dj {kf=; /keZ R;kT; gSA gksrs gq, Hkh os vius ekxZ ij pyus esa vleFkZ Fks] tc rd mudh LohÏfr u gksA
ßblfy, dsoy {kk=/keZ dk voyEcu djus okyh vksNh cqf¼ dk R;kx djks] /keZ ;g J¼k ,oa iw.kZ leiZ.k dk ,d ,slk uewuk gS] tks okLrfod thou esa fojys gh
dk vkJ; yks] dBksjrk NksMÛk]s esjs fopkjksa ds vuqlkj pyksAÞ blh vk'k; dks ysdj ns[kus dks] dnkfpr~~ dFkk&dgkuh esa Hkh] dHkh ns[kus dks feysA fQj jke vius gh
vU; 'yksd vkxs dgrs gSAa fdUrq ;s lc ckrsa y{e.k dks jkl ugha vkb±A muds <ax ls cMÛh ls cMÛh lkSE;rk ls mudks 'kkUr dj nsrs gSAa os y{e.k dks lc 'kL= ,d
fopkj esa bl çdkj ds mins'k vle;ksfpr FksA rjQÛ j[kus ds fy, euk ysrs gSa vkSj lkSE; eqæk dk vuqjk/k djrs gSAa y{e.k Åij
;su;s ekxrk }S/ka ro cqf)eZghirsA ls rks ekSu /kkj.k djus tkrs gS]a ijUrq mudk ân; ifjorZu ugha gksrkA mudh
l fg /keksZ ee }s";% çla³~xk|L; eqáflAA II.23.11,12 /kkj.kk viuh gh /kkj.kk gS] os viuh /kkj.kk ugha NksMÛxas As mudh vc Hkh ekU;rk gS
ßfirk ds ftu opuksa dks /keZ ekudj] ftl ifjdYiuk esa vki Mwcs gq, gS]a fd jke vuqfpr dj jgs gSAa vc Hkh os ;gh lksprs gS]a cy ls lc dqN çkIr fd;k
ftlds dkj.k vkidh cqf¼ esa nqfo/kk mRiék gks xbZ gS] eSa mls /keZ ugha ekurkA ,sls tkuk pkfg,A fdUrq ,slk djus dk le; fudy pqdkA os fcuk vkKk ds dksbZ ,slk
/keZ dk rks eSa ?kksj fojks/k djrk gw¡AÞ dk;Z ugha djsaxAs tc jke vkSj lhrk ds chp dkQÛh dgk&lquh ds i'pkr~ ;g
TÛkjk lksfp,] bu nksuksa Hkkb;ksa dh eukso`fÙk;ksa esa fdruk oS"kE; gSA y{e.k dks fuf'pr gqvk fd lhrk Hkh jke ds lkFk ou dks tk;sxs h] rc y{e.k us Hkh fu'p;
fu;a=.k esa j[kus ds fy;s jke dks fdruh dfBukb;ksa dk lkeuk djuk iMÛk gksxkA fd;k fd os D;k djsxa As mUgksua s igys ls gh vius eu esa fu'p; dj fy;k Fkk fd os
jke us ,d lk/kkj.k O;fDr ds leku dgk] ßeSa D;k d:¡\ ;g nks"k o`¼ firk dk Hkh jke ds lkFk pysxa As os dgrs gS]a ßeSa Hkh lkFk pyus dh rS;kjh djus tk jgk gw¡AÞ

os dgrs gS]a ßeSa Hkh vkids lkFk tkÅ¡xkAÞ jke dgrs gS]a ßrqe esjs lkFk ugha tkvksx]s Li"V Hkk"kk esa /keZ ds fl¼kUr ds çfr viuk fojks/k O;Dr djrs gS]a ßtc geus bl
rqEgkjk ;gk¡ jguk vko';d gSA rqEgsa ;gk¡ esjh ekrk vkSj viuh ekrk dh ns[kHkky d"Viw.kZ thou dk vkjEHk fd; Fkk] tc dSd;s h ds dgus ij vkius lkezkT; dk
djuh gSA egy ds gkypky ns[kuk TÛk:jh gSA dSd;s h dk çHkqRo c<Û pqdk gSA o`¼ ifjR;kx fd;k Fkk] D;k ml le; eSua s ugha dgk Fkk fd /keZ dk <dkslyk fujFkZd
firk dk dksbZ LFkku ugha jgkA esjh ek¡ vkSj rqEgkjh ek¡ dks vR;Ur Lusg'khy ns[kjs[k gS\ vc ns[k fy;k u mldk ifj.kke! /keZ fl¼kUr dk fu"Bkiwod Z ikyu djrs&djrs]
dh vko';drk gSA ;gk¡ Bgj dj mudh lsok djks]Þ jke ;gh ckj&ckj cksyrs jgsA firk dh vkKk dk ikyu djrs&djrs vkius Lo;a dks bu foifÙk;ksa ds ny&ny esa
rc y{e.k muds lEeq[k iyV dj mÙkj nsrs gSa % Q¡lk fy;k gSAÞ fQj os /keZ vkSj vFkZ dk Hksn fn[kykrs gS]a vFkZ dh ljkguk djrs gS]a
vuqKkr'p Hkork iwoeZ os ;nLe;ge~A ß^vFkZ* gh ds fy, ;Ru djuk okaPNuh; gSA ykSfdd ykHk] lqfo/kk;sa vkSj os inkFkZ
fdfenkuha iqufjna fØ;rs es fuokj.ke~AA II.31.7 tks gekjs gh gS]a budks çkIr djuk pkfg,A vkius cMÛh Hkwy dh] xÛyr ekxZ dk
ßvkius rks igys ls gh eq>s vkidk vuqlj.k djus dh vkKk ns gh j[kh gSA vuqlj.k djds vkius Lo;a dks ?kksj foifÙk esa Mkyk gSAÞ y{e.k dk ,slk #[Ûk dqN
fQj bl le; vki eq>s D;ksa jksdrs gS\a Þ fofp= yxrk gS] ijUrq ;gh dqN y{e.k us dbZ 'yksdksa esa dgk gS] ftudks okYehfd
okLro esa ^jkek;.k* esa dksbZ ,slk 'yksd ugha] ftlesa iwokZKk dk dksbZ Li"V us viuh Js"Bre 'kSyh esa çLrqr fd;k gSA bl lUnHkZ ds rhu ;k pkj 'yksd çk;%
ladsr gksA dsoy y{e.k us jke ds eq[k ls fudys dqN 'kCnksa dks [khapdj mn~?k`r fd, tkrs gSa vkSj ;s çfl¼ gks x, gSAa çFke ;g gS %
bPNktfur vFkZ yxk;k FkkA jke us dqN dgk Fkk] ftldks y{e.k us rksMÛ ejksMÛ dj 'kqHks oReZfu fr"BUra Rokek;Z foftrsfUæ;e~A
vius i{k esa fy;kA mu 'kCnksa dk ;FkkFkZ :i tkuuk dfBu gSA dqN 'kks/k ds i'pkr~ vuFksHZ ;ks u 'kDuksfr =krq /keksZ fujFkZd%AA VI.83.14
Vhdkdkjksa us nks ;k rhu va'k <¡<w fudkysA muesa ls ,d mYys[kuh; gS] ftldks ßvki lnk 'kqHk ekxZ ij fLFkj jgus okys ftrsfUæ; gS]a rFkkfi ;g vkidk
i<Ûuk pkgw¡xkA lhrk dks ?kj ij jgus ds fy;s ifr&iRuh esa okn&fookn gqvk FkkA fujFkZd /keZ vkidks vuFkks± ls cpkus esa loZFkk vleFkZ gSA blfy, og fujFkZd gh
tku iMÛrk gSAÞ
Hkzkrì=
q lekS pkfi æ"VO;kS p fo'ks"kr%A
Ro;k Hkjr'k=q?ukS çk.kS% fç;ÙkjkS eeAA II.26.33 ;L;kFkkZLrL; fe=kf.k ;L;kFkkZLr"; ckU/kok%A
ßHkjr vkSj 'k=q?u eq>s çk.kksa ls Hkh c<Ûdj fç; gSAa vr% eSa rqedks mudh ;L;kFkkZ% l iqek¡Yyksds ;L;kFkkZ% l p if.Mr%AA
ns[kjs[k ds fy;s NksMÛuk pkgrk gw¡]Þ ,slk mUgksua s lhrk ls dgk FkkA ;L;kFkkZ% l p foØkUrks ;L;kFkkZ% l p cqfÛ)eku~A
;L;kFkkZ% l egkHkkxks ;L;kFkkZ% l xq.kkf/kd%AA VI.3.35,36
ml le; y{e.k Øks/k ls Hkjs gq, Fks] ysfdu ns[kus ds fy;s muds us= vkSj
ßohj! vki firk dh vkKk ikyu djus ds fy, ou esa pys vk;sA lR; ds
lquus ds fy;s dku lrdZ FksA os dgrs gS]a ßBhd gS] eSa lhrk }kjk laj{k.k ysus okys
ikyu ij rks MVs jgks] ij viuh çk.kksa ls Hkh fç; iRuh dks jk{klksa ds gkFk esa NksMÛ
O;fDr;ksa esa 'kkfey ugha gw¡A mldk rkRi;Z ;g gqvk fd jke eq>s Hkh ou vius&vius
nksA gqbZ u cf<Û;k ckr!Þ
lkFk ys tk;sxas As Þ os dgrs gS]a ßvkius lhrk }kjk laj{k.k ds fy, esjk rhljk uke
ugha fy;k FkkA vo'; gh vki eq>s lkFk ys tkuk pkgrs Fks] vr% ys pfy,AÞ Rof; çozkftrs ohj xqjks'p opus fLFkrsA
y{e.k us /keZ ds vkn'kZ dh cMÛh fuank dhA dnkfpr~~ vkidks ;g ckr cMÛh j{klkiârk Hkk;kZ çk.kS% fç;rjk roAA VI.83.41
vViVh yxh gksxh] fdUrq ;g dsoy vkdfLed ckr ugha FkkA bl dkO; esa vkxs ,slh ckr ugha fd ;g 'kfDr vkSj vFkZ dks egÙo nsus okyk fl¼kUr y{e.k
,d xEHkhj çlax vkrk gS] tc bUæftr }kjk guqeku ds lEeq[k lhrk dh udÛyh dh çÏfr ds vlaxr gSA Vhdkdkj pkgs ,slk dgs]a fdUrq ;g rF; ugha gSA tks
çfrek dk guu fd;k x;k vkSj tc guqeku us bl nq% [kn ?kVuk dh tkudkjh jke fl¼kUr iwoZ esa mUgksua s 'kfDreku iq#"kksa ds fy, çfrikfnr fd;k Fkk] ;s dFku
dks nh] os ew£Nr gks x,A os viuh Hkkoukvksa ij fu;a=.k [kks cSBs vkSj çyki djus iw.kZr;k muds leuq:i gSA tks ckr eSua s igys dgh Fkh] ;gk¡ esjk vk'k; dsoy
yxs] ßpyks] vc ykSV pys]a vc rks lc dqN lekIrçk;% gSA vc D;k djuk 'ks"k mldks Lej.k djkuk gS] vFkkZr~ ;gk¡ loksiZ fj dfo dk vk'k; jke vkSj y{e.k ds
gS\Þ bl d#.k n'kk esa HkkbZ dks lkURouk nsus ds fy, vius dÙkZO; dk fuokZg djrs LoHkko dk oS"kE; mtkxj djuk gSA fdl çdkj jke ?kksj ladVksa ds le; esa Hkh ml
gq, y{e.k bl lxZ ds vf/kdka'k Hkkx esa cksyrs gSAa vthc ckr rks ;g gS] os cMÛh dÙkZO; ds iFk ls ftldks os loksPZ p le>rs Fks] dksbZ mUgsa ys'k ek= Hkh gVk ugha

ldrk FkkA nwljh vksj] bl dFkk esa y{e.k in esa nwljs ntsZ ij gksrs gq, Hkh] tSlk TÛkjk nsf[k,! Øks/kkos'k esa os fdrus Hkkofoày gks x, gS]a ÞeSa Hkjr dks ekj
ge dg ldrs gS]a ml fl¼kUr ds f'k[kj ij igq¡pus esa vleFkZ jgsA Mkyw¡xkA vkidk Hkfo"; lqjf{kr djus ds fy;s mldh ek¡] mlds leLr çfrik{kh
vc eSa y{e.k ds ,d vU; fo'ks"k xq.k dk mYys[k djrk gw¡] ftldk ladrs yksxksa vkSj cU/kq&ckU/koksa dks Hkh ugha NksMÛ¡wxkAß
igys fn;k tk pqdk gS] fdUrq vc eSa mldks ç/kkurk nsuk tk jgk gw¡A os mu mPp y{e.k ds LoHkko ls ,sls mn~xkjksa dh vis{kk dh tk ldrh gS! jke mudh
dksfV ds O;fDr;ksa esa ls ,d Fks] tks vR;Ur Hkkoqd gksrs gS]a tks tYnh gh mÙksftr gks çÏfr dks HkyhHkk¡fr tkurs FksA os muls cksy]s ßHkkbZ! bruh tYnckTÛkh u djksA Hkjr
ldrs gSaA vc ,d volj dk mYys[k djus ds ckn tgk¡ y{e.k dh fo'kky ds bjkns ukikd ugha gS] eSa fo'okl fnykrk gw¡A og esjs fgrS"kh ds :i esa jkT; ykSVkus
ân;rk lqLi"V >ydrh gS] eSa ,d nwljs brus gh egRoiw.kZ çlax ij vkrk gw¡] tgk¡ ds bjkns ls vk jgk gSA 'kkUr gks tkvksAÞ jke rdZ dks vkxs c<Ûkrs gSAa ;g ns[kdj fd
Hkh y{e.k ds bl LokHkkfod xq.k dk çn'kZu gqvk gS vFkkZr~ jks"k ds foLQksV ds y{e.k ij mudh ckr dk dqN çHkko iMÛk vkSj os uhps mrjus ds fy;s rS;kj gq,] os
rqjUr ckn mnkjrkA ,d mnkj] ,d fo'kky ân; O;fDr dh ;g iDdh fu'kkuh gSA y{e.k ds dksidkj.k Hkjr dh ç'kalk djus yxs] ßrqe Hkjr dks fcYdqy ugha
tks lgt gh #"V gks tkrs gS]a ijUrq lkFk gh lkFk 'kh?kz gh BaMs Hkh gks ldrs gSAa le>rsA D;k rqe jkT; ysus ds fy;s bPNqd gks\ ;g dke rks cMÛk lgt gS] cl
rRi'pkr~ os mnkj gh ugha] cfYd fo'kky ân; Hkh cu tkrs gSaA ;s nks xq.k] dgus Hkj dh nsj gSA cl] eq>s rks dsoy bruk gh dguk iMÛxs k] *Hkjr! ;g y{e.k
^vk'kqdksi%* vkSj ^vk'kqrks"k%*] lkFk gh lkFk pyrs gSAa tYnh gh dqfir gksuk vkSj lkezkT; dh bPNk j[krk gS] mls ns nksA^ og rqjUr gh mls rqedks gLrkUrfjr dj
tYnh gh 'kkUr gks tkuk lTtu ds y{k.k gSAa y{e.k] tSlk fd eSa igys crk pqdk nsxkAÞ os vius Hkjr dks vPNh çdkj tkurs FksA y{e.k vius HkkbZ jke ds fgrksa dh
gw¡] vius HkkbZ dks ladV dh lEHkkouk ls Hkh vk'kafdr gks tkrs FksA dksbZ Hkh muds LokehHkDr 'oku ds leku] ftudh j{kk djus esa os brus ,dfu"B Fks] ,d TÛkjk lh
lUnsg ds ?ksjs esa vk ldrk FkkA tSlk fd igys crk;k tk pqdk gS] mUgsa lUnsg Fkk Hkh muds vuFkZ dh 'kadk ls os fdlh ij lUnsg djus ls ugha pwdrs FksA mUgsa lUnsg
fd muds firk vkSj dSd;s h ds chp dksbZ nqjfHklfU/k gks xbZ gSA TÛkjk ;kn dfj;s] D;ksa gqvk] blls mUgsa dksbZ eryc ughaA mudh vk'kadk ds ihNs dksbZ fo'ks"k fopkj
Hkjr dk fp=dwV lekxe çlax! os fdl çdkj llSU;] leaf=] yxHkx leLr u FkkA mudh rks bPNk dsoy Fkh fd jke ds fgrksa dks fdlh çdkj dh {kfr u igq¡pAs
v;ks/;kokfl;ksa lfgr jke dks vius jkT; ykSVus dk vkxzg djus vk;sA ftl LFkku ;fn ge muds mRÏ"V ds fo"k; esa fopkj djs]a tks mUgsa çsfjr djrk Fkk] rks ge
ij nksuksa HkkbZ Fks] ogk¡ ls ,d /kwy dk ckny fn[kkbZ fn;kA jke us vius HkkbZ ls isMÛ ns[krs gSa fd mudk tks lUnsg Fkk] og ,d rqPN lUnsg ugha FkkA mudk lUnsg ,slk
ij p<Û dj ns[kus dks dgk fd og D;k gSA y{e.k us Åij p<Û dj ,d lsuk dks lUnsg ugha Fkk fd mls nq"Vrk vFkok yTtkLin vukpkj dh Js.kh esa j[kk tk;sAs
vkrs ns[kkA mudks tk¡pus esa TÛkjk Hkh dfBukbZ ugha gqbAZ os ifgpku x, fd v;ks/;k tSls fd jke us ladrs fd;k fd os muds fgrksa dh j{kk djrs&djrs lrdZrk dh
dh lsuk Hkjr ds usr`Ro esa vk jgh gS FkhA os o`{k ls fcuk mrjs gh fpYyk mBs] ß;gk¡ lhek dk mYya?ku dj x;s] y{e.k yfTtr gks tkrs gS]a i'pkÙkki ls vfHkHkwr gksdj
vk jgk gS og] vkidk ykMÛyk HkkbZA og gesa ;gk¡ ouokl esa Hkh 'kkfUriwod Z ugha os uhps mrj vkrs gSa vkSj vfuPNk ls HkkbZ ds ik'oZ esa [kMÛs gks tkrs gSAa nch vkokTÛk
jgus nsxkA oLrqr% vc og ;g pkgrk gS fd ge pkSng o"kZ ckn Hkh mls d"V nsus esa dgrs gS]a ßD;k vki le>rs gSa fd gekjs firk th Hkh ogk¡ gS\ Ïi;k irk djsAa Þ
v;ks/;k u ykSVAs og ;gk¡ vkdj gedks ekjuk pkgrk gSA fdUrq] blls iwoZ fd og /;ku nsus dh ckr gS] muesa ifjorZu fdrus lgtHkko ls gqvk gSA vR;Ur eeZLi'khZ!
;q¼ Hkwfe ij mrjs] eSa tkurk gw¡ fd eq>s D;k djuk gS]Þ os QwV iMÛrs gSAa bl ckr dk ,glkl gksus ij fd os loZFkk Hkzfer Fks vius vki ij yfTtr gq,A os
laçkIrks·;efjohZj Hkjrks o/; ,o esA vkxs c<Ûrs gq, vfHkyk"kk O;Dr djrs gSa fd lsuk ds lkFk dnkfpr~~ muds o`¼ firk
HkjrL; o/ks nks"k ukga i';kfe jk?koAA II.96.23 th Hkh vk, gksAa Jh jke mudh i'pkÙkkih eu%fLFkfr ns[krs gq, mudk mRlqdrk ls
ßeSa gekjs HkkbZ dks ekjs Mkyus esa dqN Hkh vuqfpr ugha ekurkAÞ vuqeksnu djrs gSAa jke dgrs gS]a ßvk'p;Z ugha ;fn firk th eq>s jkT; ykSVkus ds
,rfLefégrs —RLukeuq'kkf/k olqa/kjke~A fy;s vkxzg djus vk;sAa ;g lEHko gSA mudk gkFkh rks fn[kkbZ ns jgk gS vkSj ?kksMÛs Hkh
v| iq=a gra la[;s dSd s ;
s h jkT;dkeqdkAA ijUrq mudk fo[;kr 'osr N= rks fn[kkbZ ugha nsrk] TÛkjk ns[kks]Þ vkSj fQj /khjs ls
e;k i';sRlqn%q [kkrkZ gfLrHkXufeo nqee~A os y{e.k dks mrkjrs gSAa os tkurs gSa fd firkth muesa ugha gS]a fdUrq lUrIr HkkbZ
dSds s;ha p of/k";kfe lkuqcU/kka lckU/koke~AA II.96.25,26 dk eu j[kus ds fy;s os dgrs gS]a ßeSa ugha lksprk fd os ogk¡ gSA ij eq>s vk'p;Z Hkh
ugha gksxk] ;fn os gksAa Þ

Jh jke us dqN fouksn esa gh y{e.k ls dgk Fkk] ß;fn lpeqp rqEgsa jkT; dh ftl e`R;q}kj ls ckfy ;eiqj Hkstk x;k] og rqEgkjs fy;s Hkh [kqyk gSA dksbZ
vfHkyk"kk gS] rks eq>s D;ksa ugha crkrs\ eSa Hkjr ls dgw¡xk fd jkT; rqEgas gLrkUrfjr Hkh mls can ugha dj ldrkA og rqEgkjh çrh{kk dj jgk gS] viuh çfrKk iw.kZ djksA
dj ns vkSj mls ,slk djus esa {k.kHkj Hkh ugha yxsxkAÞ tks ckr dHkh jke us g¡lh esa ;fn rqeus vius opu dk fuokZg ugha fd;k] rks rqEgsa vius HkkbZ dk vuqlj.k djuk
dgh Fkh] dkykUrj esa ,d çdkj ls lR; gqbAZ ;q¼ lekfIr mijkUr tc jke dk iMÛsxkAÞ
vfHk"ksd gqvk] rc ;qojkt cukus dk ç'u lkeus vk;kA dnkfpr~~ bl çlax dk bu 'kCnksa dks lqudj y{e.k dks ,slk yxk fd muds HkkbZ vR;Ur Øq¼ gSAa
Lej.k djrs gq,] ;g lksp dj fd ,slk djuk mfpr gh gksxk] Jh jke us y{e.k ls vr,o] mUgksua s fu'p; fd;k gS fd lqxhz o dks ekj dj vkSj vaxn dks ;qojkt cuk
dgk] ßrqe ;qojkt cuksAÞ Hkjr nksuksa Hkkb;ksa esa dqN ?kaVs vk;q esa cMÛs FksA blds dj mudk y{; çkIr djkuk pkfg,A y{e.k Øks/k ls QwV iMÛrs gS]a os dgrs gS]a ßeSa
vfrfjDr O;ogkfjd :i esa Hkh pkSng o"kZ jkT;Hkkj laHkky pqds FksA ;qojkt in tkdj lcdks lekIr djrk gw¡AÞ rc jke dks viuh xÛyrh dk ,glkl gqvkA ,d
Hkjr ls ysdj y{e.k dks nsus dk çLrko lkekU; ijEijk ls vçR;kf'kr FkkA jke mÙkstu'khy O;fDr dks mÙksftr djuk cMÛk Hkkjh Hkwy gSAa vr,o] jke cksy]s ßHkkbZ
dk ,slk djuk Hkh vkaf'kd :i ls y{e.k dks ;g fn[kkus ds fy;s fd;k Fkk fd og y{e.k] bu 'kCnksa dks v{kj'k% er yksA eSa Øks/k esa dqN dBksj 'kCn cksy x;kA rqe
dsoy ifjgkl ugha FkkA ß;fn rqe jkT; ds fy;s bPNk j[kksx]s rks Hkjr ys'kek= Hkh lqxhz o ds ikl tkdj bl çdkj dh ckrsa u dguk] /khjs ls cksyuk] f'k"Vkpkj
fojks/k u djsxa As ;g yks D;k rqEgsa bPNk gS\Þ vc volj vk;k gSA ekuks bl fLFkfr cjruk] lc dke cMÛs <ax ls djukAÞ y{e.k us gk¡ rks dj yh] ysfdu os jke dh
dh iqf"V djus ds fy;s] Hkjr ckj&ckj dgrs gS]a ßBhd gS] y{e.k rqe ys yks] ys eekZfUrd O;Fkk ns[kdj brus dqfir gks x, Fks fd tks dqN jke us lqxhz o dks 'kkUr
yks] Ïi;k yks] yksAÞ djus ds fy, dgk Fkk] og 'kh?kz Hkwy x,A vkSj os ogk¡ tkrs gSA ;gk¡ dfo Hkh viuh
lokZReuk ijkZuquh;ekuks ;nk u lkSfef=:iSfr ;ksxe~A fouksn o`fÙk çn£'kr djrk gSA jks"k;qDr y{e.k dfo ds fy, viuh ys[ku dyk ds
ijUrq Jh jke ds lc rjg ls le>us vkSj fu;qDr fd;s tkus ij Hkh tc lkSUn;Z dk fo"k; cu tkrk gSA og dgrk gS %
y{e.k us ml in dks ugha Lohdkj fd;k] rc Jh jke us Hkjr dks ;qojkt&in ij 'kØck.kkluç[;a /kuq% dkykUrdksiee~A
vfHkf"kDr fd;kA dnkfpr~~ y{e.k dks Hkh og n`'; Lej.k Fkk] ijUrq ;g ekurs gq, çx`á fxfjÜkà³~xkHka eUnj% lkuqekfuoAA IV.31.11
fd eqdVq /kkj.k djus ls muds dSd a ;Z/keZ esa ck/kk vk ldrh gS] vkSj mudh :g dh ßml le; os bUæ&/kuq"k ds leku rstLoh] dky vkSj vkUrd ds leku
y{eh dSd a ;Zy{eh Fkh] vkSj dksbZ vU; y{eh ugha] mUgksua s n`<Ûrkiwod Z vLohdkj Hk;adj rFkk ioZr&f'k[kj ds leku fo'kky /kuq"k dks gkFk esa ysdj Jàxlfgr
dj fn;kA bl çdkj] vUrr%] eUnjkpy ds leku tku iMÛrs FksAÞ
fu;qT;ekuks·fi p ;kSojkT;s rrks·H;f"k¥pn~Hkjra egkRekAA IV.131.93 y{e.k vkxs c<Ûus yxs] Øks/k esa yEcs&yEcs Mx Hkjus yxsA mudh fouk'kd
y{e.k dh çÏfr esa mnkrk dh ikjnf'kZrk ds çlax ds i'pkr~ vc eSa ,d 'kfDr dh fdlh u fdlh çdkj iw£Ùk gksuh FkhA dHkh b/kj ls] dHkh m/kj ls o`{kksa dh
,sls çlax ij vkrk gw¡] ftlesa mudk ;g mnkjrk dk xq.k frjLdkj ds çdksi ds :i Mkfy;k¡ rksMÛdj mUgsa VqdMÛ&s VqdMÛs dj nsrAs FkksMÛh&FkksMÛh nsj esa fdlh l[Ûr pêku
esa çdV gksrk gSA ;g çlax lqxhz o ds egy dk gSA viuh fç;rek iRuh ds fo;ksx ds ij iSj j[k dj mls pwj&pwj dj nsrAs blh <ax ls os vkxs c<Ûrs x,A vrho v/khj
'kksd ls O;fFkr Jh jke us cMÛs /;kuiwod Z frfFk;ksa dh x.kuk dh Fkh] tc lqxhz o dks gks] b/kj&m/kj flj fgyk&fgyk dj ekuks Lo;a ls iwN jgs gS]a ßeq>s D;k dqN dguk
viuk oknk iwjk djuk FkkA vof/k lekIr gksus ij mUgksua s y{e.k dks lqxhz o ds ikl] gS\Þ viuk lUrqyu [kksdj ckj&ckj vius dks Lej.k djkuk iMÛkA çrhr gksrk gS
vius çfr lqxhz o ds vkpj.k ij viuh vçlékrk ls mls voxr djkus ds mís'; ls fd os ;g dg jgs Fks] ßjke us eq>ls D;k dgus dks dgk Fkk\ eSa ;g dgw¡xkA rc og
tkus ds fy, dgkA os Øks/k ls vkx& ccwyk gks pqds FksA mUgksua s y{e.k dks vkns'k O;fDr mÙkj esa dqN dgsxk] mls çR;qÙkj vo'; nsuk gksxkAÞ igys jke dh vksj ls
fn;k] ßlqxhz o ds ikl tkvks vkSj esjh vksj ls mlls ;g dguk % lUns'k cuk;k] fQj mldk mÙkj] fQj çR;qÙkjA mÙkj vkSj çR;qÙkj dk Øe pyrk
u p ladfq pr% iUFkk ;su okyh grks xr%A jgkA bl mÙkj çR;qÙkj dh Ük`[a kyk dks vius ekul esa latks;s os pyrs pysA
le;s fr"B lqxhz o ek okfyiFkeUoxk%AA IV.30.81 dkeØks/kleqRFksu Hkzkrq% dksikfXuuk o`r%A
çHk´tu bokçhr% ç;;kS y{e.kLrnkAA IV.31.13

lhrk dh [kkstfo"k;d tks Jh jke dh dkeuk Fkh vkSj lqxhz o dh vlko/kkuh ugha Fkk) ds U;wuhdj.k gsrq mlus ;g çfl¼ mfDr dh] ftldk çfriknu Lo;a
ds dkj.k mlesa ck/kk iMÛus ls mUgsa Øks/k gqvk Fkk] mu nksuksa ds dkj.k y{e.k dh Hkh lhrk us Hkh ckn esa fd;k %
Øks/kkfXu HkMÛd mBhA ml Øks/kkfXu ls f?kjs gq, y{e.k lqxhz o ds çfr çlék ugha FksA u df'kpékijk/;kfrA IV.36.11
os mlh voLFkk esa ok;q ds leku osx ls pysA vkidks Lej.k gksxk] tSlk fd eSua s ßdksbZ ,slk ugha] ftlls dHkh dksbZ vijk/k gksrk gh ughaAÞ
igys dgk Fkk] lqxhz o lrdZ Fkk vkSj mlus y{e.k dks Øks/k 'kkUr djus ds fy, fdruk lqUnj Hkko! bl çdkj dk Hkko lcds vks"Bksa ij ugha] vfirq çR;sd ds
rkjk dks Hkstk FkkA y{e.k dks vkus ds i'pkr~ ckgj dqN nsj çrh{kk djuh iMÛhA bl ân; esa gksuk pkfg,A ge] tks çk;% nwljksa ij Øks/k djrs gS]a nwljksa dh =qfV;ksa ij
chp dqN ?kVuk;sa ?kVhA çklkn ds j{kd okuj dqN VkyeVksy djus yxs] y{e.k v/khj gks mBrs gS]a gesa Lej.k j[kuk pkfg,A
vkSj Hkh Øq¼ FksA vUrr% rkjk vkxs c<Ûh] y{e.k ds ân; dks çHkkfor djus ds
u df'pékijk/;frA
mís'; ls dgrh gS] ßi/kkfj;s] vUnj i/kkfj;sAÞ igys rks y{e.k vUr%iqj esa ços'k
djus ds fy;s vfuPNqd Fks D;ksfa d ogk¡ efgyk;sa Hkh gks ldrh FkhaA lqxhz o Hkh fo"k; bl lalkj esa dksbZ Hkh ,slk ugha ftlls xÛyrh u gksrh gksA geesa ls Js"B tu
Hkksx esa yhu gksxkA fdUrq rkjk vuqjks/k djus yxh] ßijokg ugha] vki rks gekjs HkkbZ Hkh xÛyfr;k¡ dj ldrs gS]a vr,o] vkSj d#.kk ds ik= gSAa tc lqxhz o us ,slk dgk]
ds leku gS]a vkb;sAÞ rkjk ds dgus ij y{e.k vkxs c<ÛAs y{e.k dk ân; fi?ky x;kA lqxhz o us n`<Ûrkiwod Z dgk fd og vius dÙkZO; dk
;Fkksfpr ikyu djus tk jgk Fkk] djus ds fy;s dqN 'ks"k ugha NksMÛk Fkk] jke vkSj
dwftra uwijk.kka p dk´phuka fuuna rFkkA
y{e.k dk mlds çfr O;ogkj dqN dBksj gqvkA rc y{e.k us ;s mPp Hkkouk;sa
ls fu'kE; rr% Jheku~ lkSfef=yZfTtrks·Hkor~AA IV.33.25
O;Dr dha %
mUgksua s dHkh Hkh ukfj;ksa dh laxfr u dh FkhA ogk¡ vusdksa efgykvksa ds lewg
nks"kK% lfr lkeF;sZ dks·U;ks Hkkf"krqegZfrA
Fks] muds vkHkw"k.kksa vkSj uqijw ksa dh [kud vk jgh FkhA lqfe=kdqekj yfTtr gks x,]
otZf;Rok ee T;s"Ba Roka p okujlÙkeAA IV.36.17
mUgksua s viuk flj uhps dj fy;k vkSj n`f"V Åij ugha mBkbZA ijUrq rkjk us cMÛh
ßesjs HkkbZ jke vkSj rqEgkjs vfrfjDr bl yksd esa ,slk rhljk O;fDr dkSu lk
dksey ok.kh ls mUgsa vkd£"kr dj fy;kA
tho gS] tks dksbZ vuqfpr ckr gksus ij mlds nks"k dks ns[k lds vkSj mfpr opu
l rka leh{jkSo gjh'kiRuha rL'kkoqnklhur;k egkRekA cksy lds\Þ
vok³~e[ q kks·HkwUeuqtUs æiq=%L=hlaféd"kkZf}fuo`Ùkdksi%AA IV.33.39
Lo;a y{e.k }kjk fdlh dks jkeds lehi LFkku fn;s tkus ls c<Ûdj vU;
dfo fu"d"kZ fudkyrs gSa % okuj jkt dh iRuh rkjk ij n`f"V iMÛrs gh y{e.k lEeku D;k gks ldrk gS] D;ksfa d lalkj esa ;fn dksbZ f'k"Vkpkj dk iw.kZ Kkrk Fkk] fd
viuk eq¡g uhpk djds mnklhu Hkko ls [kMÛs gks x,A L=h ds lehi gksus ls mudk fdl le; vkSj D;k cksyuk pkfg,] rks og Jh jke gh FksA lqxhz o ls vkxs dgrs
Øks/k nwj gks x;kA vc mudk dksi mrj x;k] lqgkous okrkoj.k ls os dkQÛh çlék gSa %
gks x,A rkjk ds e/kqj oDrO; ls os 'kkUr gks x,A vUrr% mudk O;ogkj bl çdkj
ln`'k'pkfl jkeL; foØes.k cysu pA
jgkA rkjk us vius oDrO; ds vfUre pj.k esa fu.kkZ;d :i esa mUgsa ;g çekf.kr
lgk;ks nSorSnZÙkf'pjk; gfjiqaxoAA IV.36.18
dj fn;k Fkk fd jke vkSj y{e.k us lqxhz o dks nks"kh ekuus esa dqN 'kh/kzrk dh gSA
ßijkØe vkSj cy esa Hkh rqe esjs HkkbZ ds cjkcj gksA rqe gekjs lg;ksxh cu
lqxhz o us rks fu/kkZfjr le;&lhek ls iwoZ gh viuh fo'kky lsuk dks ,df=r djus
pqds gksA nsorkvksa dh bPNk lsa gh gesa nh?kZdky ds fy;s rqe tSlk fe= feyk gSA esjs
ds fufeÙk vko';d dk;Zokgh dj nh FkhA rkjk us lkgl cVksjk vkSj dgus yxh]
Øks/k dk dkj.k rks le> x, gksxa ]s eSua s D;ksa rqEgkjs çfr dBksj opu cksyAs D;ksfa d
ßlquks] lquks] okujksa ds vkus dk dksykgy lqukbZ ns jgk gSA bruh mÙkstuk D;ks\a
eSua s vius HkkbZ dks vR;Ur O;fFkr ns[kkA blfy, Øks/k vk x;k vkSj la;e [kks cSBkA
bruk jks"k D;ks\a Þ bl ij y{e.k dks Hkh ,slk ,glkl gqvk fd lpeqp esa mUgksua s
eq>s {kek dj nksAÞ
dqN tYnckTÛkh dhA rc os lqxhz o ls cksy]s tks vc rd lpsr gks pqdk Fkk rFkk cMÛh
leqfpr ok.kh esa vius vijk/k (;fn mls vijk/k ekuk tk;s] tks fd okLro esa og fda rq 'kh?kzferks ohj fu"Øke Roa e;k lgA
lkURo;Lo o;L;a Roa Hkk;kZgj.kdÆ'kre~AA IV.36.19

ßvc rqe vf/kd foyEc u djksA vc rqe 'kh?kz gh esjs lkFk esjs HkkbZ ds ikl gqvkA dqN le; i'pkr~ tc ekjhp jke dh cksyh dh udy dj fpYyk;k] lhrk
pyksA rqEgkjs fe= viuh&viuh iRuh ds vigj.k ls vR;Ur nq%[kh gSAa pydj 'kksdkdqy gks xbZA y{e.k dks tkdj ns[kus dk vkns'k fn;kA os gVus ds fy, rS;kj
ns[kks] os fdl voLFkk esa gS]a mUgsa lkURouk nks vkSj crkvks lc dqN rS;kj gS] dk;Z u FksA y{e.k us muds ifr jke ds fo"k; esa og lc dqN dgus dk ç;Ru fd;k]
vkjEHk gks pqdk gSA mudks nq%[kh ns[kdj gh eSa ;gk¡ vk;k vkSj dqN dBksj opu cksy tSls os dqN tkurh gh u Fkh] ßD;k vki vius ifr dks ugha tkurha\ D;k mUgsa dksbZ
mBkA muds fy, eq>s {kek djksAÞ ladV =Lr dj ldrk gS\ mUgsa gks D;k ldrk gS\ ;fn mUgsa dksbZ ladV mifLFkr
;Pp 'kksdkfHkHkwrL; JqRok jkeL; Hkkf"kre~A gksus okyk gS] rks D;k eSa mUgsa cpk ldrk gw¡\ vki fcYdqy fpark u djsAa eSa ;gk¡
e;k Roa i:"kkk.;qDrLrPp Roa {kUrqegZflAA IV.36.20 vkidh lqj{kk ds fy;s mifLFkr gw¡A eSa cMÛs dMÛs vkns'k ds vUrxZr gw¡A vkids ifr
y{e.k us lpeqp {kek ;kpuk dh vki le> ldrs gSa fd ,slk djus esa dh vkKk dk mYya?ku ugha fd;k tk ldrkAÞ lhrk dqN Hkh lquus dks rS;kj u FkhaA
fdruh fo'kky ân;rk dh vko';drk gksrh gSA ço`fÙko'k tkus&vutkus ge nwljksa vkidks rks ekywe gS] mUgksaus D;k dqN ugha dgkA mu nqoZpuksa dks nksgjkuk Hkh
dks Bsl rks igq¡pk nsrs gS]a fdUrq {kek ek¡xus esa Hkkjh ladksp gksrk gSA ;nk&dnk ge d"Vdj gSA og lc dqN dg dj vkSj ;g ns[kdj fd lcls dVq&dVq nks"kkjksi.k
Hkh {kek;kpuk dj ysrs gSAa y{e.k ds fy;s {kek;kpuk djuk vkSj og Hkh brus Hkh mUgsa vius dÙkZO; ls ys'kek= Hkh u fgyk ldk] lhrk us dgk %
lqUnj 'kCnksa es]a lqxhz o dh ljkguk dj vius HkkbZ ds led{k cSBkuk] mudh mnkj le{ka ro lkSfe=s çk.kkaLr;{;s u la'k;%A III.45.26
çÏfr dh ijkdk"Bk gSA vr% ;gk¡ gS] ,d vR;Ur mnkj O;fDrRoA ÞrqEgkjs le{k gh fuLlUnsg eSa çk.kksa dk ifjR;kx dj nw¡xhAß
vc eSa O;k[;ku ds vfUre Hkkx ij vkrk gw¡A dqN le; rks yxsxk gh] ijUrq ,slh fLFkfr esa foo'k y{e.k D;k dj ldrs Fks\ y{e.k tkurs Fks fd tSlk
,slk djuk loZFkk mi;qDr gSA vc eSa ;g fn[kkuk pkgw¡xk fd jke fdrus dBksj os dg jgh gS]a oSlk gh dj Hkh ldrh gSAa os ,slk dqN djus gh okyh FkhaA os ,d
vuq'kklu fç; FksA vU;Fkk os okujksa dh fo'kky lsuk ds usrk dSls gks ldrs Fks] ,d {k=k.kh ohjkaxuk FkhaA og vkRegR;k dh /kedh ns jgh FkhA vr% y{e.k dks yxk fd
,slh lsuk] tks papyrk vkSj piyrk ds fy;s cnuke Fkh vkSj ftldks ,d fn'kk esa muds fy, ckr pje lhek ij igq¡p pqdh gSA muds fy;s D;k fodYi 'ks"k Fkk\ D;k
pykuk dfBu FkkA os iw.kZr;k vuq'kklu f ç; FksA tc mudk vkns'k gksrk] rks os mudks vius lkeus çk.kR;kx djrs ns[ks\a D;k os HkkbZ ds vkns'k dk ikyu djsa
mldk ikyu djuk vo';EHkkoh gksrk FkkA y{e.k muds fdadj Fks vkSj LoSfPNd vFkok vfUre {k.k esa ml vkns'k dks Hkqykdj pys tk;sas vkSj ml ijs'kku L=h dk
fdadj dh gSfl;r ls dHkh&dHkh mUgsa cMÛh dfBu vkKkvksa dk ikyu djuk iMÛrk thou cpk;s\a os fof{kIr lh FkhaA lhrk us y{e.k dks cgqr cqjk Hkyk dgkA y{e.k
FkkA nks ckj rks mUgsa cMÛh fodV ifjfLFkfr ,oa /keZld a V dk lkeuk djuk iMÛkA us Hkh mudks vkSj L=h tkfr dks dkslk vkSj mudh HkRlZuk dhA ßrqe fL=;ksa ls rks
y{e.k vkKkikyu ds ewÙkZ:i Fksµ v{kj'k% vkKk ikyuA dqN ckrsa Li"V djus ds Hkxoku cpk,A vPNk eSa tkrk gw¡] rqEgkjk ejuk eSa ugha ns[k ldrkA rqeus eq>s
fy, eSa dqN mnkgj.k çLrqr d:¡xkA ;g fn[kkus ds fy;s fd ge lcdk thou ck/; fd;k gS] nks fodYiksa ds chp ,d pquus dkA ,d Hk;adj fodYi gS] vius HkkbZ
dfBukb;ksa ls Hkjk gS] tks fd vkns'k nsus okyk gS] og Hkh çk;% dfBukb;ksa ds chp ls dh vkKk dk mYya?kuA vU; fodYi mlls Hkh Hk;adj gS fd rqe esjs lkeus
xqTÛkjrk gS] vkSj tks vkKkdkfjrk dk ewÙkZ :i gS] mls Hkh dfBu ifjfLFkfr;ksa dk vkRegR;k dj yksA Bhd gS] eSa tkrk gw¡A ;g iki blls dqN de gS\a vPNk] eSa tkrk
lkeuk djuk iMÛrk gS vkSj ;g fd lalkj fdlh u fdlh çdkj mRÏ"V pfj=okys gw¡AÞ pys tkus ij tc mUgksua s ;g fooj.k jke dks fn;k] eSa ugha dg ldrk] mudh
O;fDr;ksa dks Hkh dfBukb;ksa esa Q¡lk nsrk gSA buesa ekuks Jh jke y{e.k dks dfBu D;k vis{kk FkhA HkkbZ ls os fdlh çdkj dh vuqdEik dh vk'kk ugha dj ldrs Fks] u
ijh{kk esa Mkyrs çrhr gksrs gSAa Lo.kZ e`x dh [kkst esa tkrs le; Jh jke us y{e.k gh mUgksua s bldh ;kpuk dhA ,slk djuk muds LoHkko esa gh u FkkA ijUrq eSua s vkSj
dks vkns'k fn;k Fkk] ßlko/kku jguk] ;g ou gS] tksf[keksa vkSj ladVksa ls Hkjiwj iwjh vkius y{e.k ds i{k esa lQÛkbZ çLrqr djrs gq, dgk gksrk] ß,slh ifjfLFkfr esa
lrdZrk ls pkSdlh j[kukA eSa tk jgk gw¡ ] lhrk dh euksokafNr oLrq ykus ds fy;sA cspkjk y{e.k D;k djrk\ vkius mls vkns'k fn;k] mlus ,d euq"; dh n`f"V ls]
lhrk dh iw.kZ :i ls ns[kjs[k djuh gksxh] ;gk¡ ls fgyuk ughaAÞ oLrqr% y{e.k ds tc rd dj ldrk Fkk] mlus mldk fuokZg fd;kA ijUrq ;fn og L=h vkRegR;k
fy;s brus cMÛs vkns'k dh vko';drk ugha FkhA mudks viuk dÙkZO; HkyhHkk¡fr dh /kedh nsdj mUgsa gVus ij foo'k dj ns] rks D;k vki dguk pkgsxa s fd os fQj
ekywe Fkk vkSj os lhrk dh iwjh j{kk djrs jgsA vc vki tkurs gh gS]a fQj D;k Hkh ogk¡ Bgjs jgrs\Þ dnkfpr~~ ge jke ls bl çdkj lQÛkbZ esa dg ldrs Fks fd jke

us y{e.k ds fo#¼ u dksbZ dk;Zokgh dh] u gh lTÛkk nh] dsoy xEHkhjrk ls ,d mUgksua s }kj ij larjh dk LFkku ys fy;kA vUnj okrkZyki gksrk jgkA og vfUre
mykguk fn;kA ,d dksey Hkkoqd ân; ds fy;s blls vf/kd D;k vko';d Fkk\ pje ij igq¡p x;kA og lekIr çk;% FkkA fu;fr dBksj gSA ;fn ?kVukvksa us ,d
mUgksua s dgk] ßukjh varr% ,d ukjh gSA og ckyk eq>s bruk I;kj djrh gSA eSa gh {k.k Hkh çrh{kk dh gksrh] rks lc dqN dq'kyiwod Z lekIr gks x;k gksrkA fdUrq
mldk tkuçk.k gw¡A esjs fcuk lalkj esa mlds fy;s gS gh D;k\ mlus lkspk gksxk] eSa fu;fr ds pØ dks dkSu jksd ldrk gSA vHkh jke vkSj lk/kq vUnj gh Fks fd ogk¡
ladV esa gw¡A ,d fof{kIr ukjh ls gj çdkj ds çyki dh vk'kk dh tk ldrh gSA dksbZ vçR;kf'kr vk igq¡prs&gSAa dksbZ vkSj ugh]a Lo;a lk{kkr nqokZlk ½f"kµ lnk
/kedh nh gS] rqEgsa vkuk ugha pkfg, FkkA rqEgsa ogk¡ jg dj mldh j{kk djuh pkfg, HkqD[kMÛ] lnk Øks/kkfo"VA os ml d{k ds }kj ij igq¡p dj vUnj tkus ds fy;s
FkhAÞ D;k rqe lhrk dh txg gksuk ilUn djksxs ;k jke dh] vFkok y{e.k dh\ vkxzg djrs gSAa fdruh ukle>h] fdruh ew[kZrk! mUgsa rks dsoy Hkkstu gh pkfg,
dfo rhuksa dks ,d ?kksj ifjfLFkfr esa igq¡pkus esa lQy gksrk gS vkSj çR;sd viuh FkkA ,d NksM]Û y{e.k chl O;fDr;ksa ds fy, Hkkstu dk çcU/k djok ldrs FksA
lgu'kfDr dh ijkdk"Bk dks igq¡p tkrk gSA nsf[k,] jke D;k dgrs gSa % ijUrq nqokZlk dh gB Fkh] ßeSa blh le; jke ls feyuk pkgrk gw¡] vU;Fkk rqEgsa 'kki
ukdjks% 'kklua eeA III.59.24 ns nw¡xk vkSj iwjh v;ks/;k uxjh dks 'kki ns nw¡xk] lcdks 'kki ns nw¡xkA fdlh dks ugha
Þrqeus esjs vkns'k dk ikyu ugha fd;kA vr% eSa rqels vçlék gw¡] rqe esjh NksMÛ¡wxkAÞ ,slh ifjfLFkfr esa y{e.k ds fy;s D;k fodYi Fkk\ mudks vkns'k Fkk]
vçlékrk ds Hkkxh gksAß vius LFkku ij MVs jgus dk] voKk dk naM Fkk& e`R;qnMa A ;gk¡ Fkk ,d ,slk
O;fDr] tks viuh /kedh dks dk;kZfUor Hkh dj ldrk FkkA og lpeqp y{e.k dks]
cspkjk y{e.k! fQj Hkh mu dfBu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa tks dqN dj ldrk Fkk]
jke dks vkSj çR;sd dks ekj Hkh ldrk FkkA ,slh ifjfLFkfr esa y{e.k D;k djrs gS\a
mlus fd;kA ;g Fkk] muds fy, iqjLdkj! fdlh vf/kd mnkj vFkok de
vki D;k djrs\ eSa D;k djrk\ Lo;a jke D;k djrs\ mUgksua s dgk] ßijokg ugha]
vuq'kklufç; O;fDr us rks dnkfpr~~ ,slk dgk gksrk] ßy{e.k! eSa tkurk gw¡] rqe
eSa e`R;q dk oj.k djrk gw¡A os vanj pys x,A ,d O;fDr dh e`R;q loZuk'k ls csgrj
,d dfBu ijh{kk dh ?kMÛh esa FksA rqeus tks dqN fd;k Bhd gh fd;kA eSua s Hkh ,slk gh
gSAÞ nsf[k,] fdruh vlkekU; ifjfLFkfr;k¡ vk tkrh gSA
fd;k gksrkAÞ fdruk vPNk gksrk ;fn mnkjrk dh Å¡pkbZ ls jke bl vankTÛk esa cksys
gksr]s fdUrq jke rks /keZ ds ewrZ :i FksA muds fy, dÙkZO; rks dÙkZO; gh gSA eku ,dL; ej.ka es·Lrq ek Hkwr~ loZfouk'kue~A VII.105.9
yks] rqe ,sls LFky ij fu;qDr gks] tgk¡ ls fgyuk o£tr gks] tSls ,d lSfud dh ,slk dgdj ,d ckj fQj mUgksua s de vfu"V dk pquko fd;kA rc rd
pkSdhA ogk¡ ls fgyuk dÙkZO; ls iyk;u gS] ftldk naM gS] xksyh ls mMÛk fn;k vUnj dk okrkZyki lekIr gks pqdk FkkA dnkfpr~ mUgksua s dqN ns[kk gks ;k vfUre
tkuk& rqjUrA 'kCn lquk Hkh gksA jke us nqokZlk dks 'kkUr fd;k] Hkkstu djk;k vkSj fonk fd;kA
nwljh ckj blls Hkh [Ûkjkc ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds chp y{e.k dks fodV ijh{kk dk ,d vR;Ur dBksj O;fDr ds çfr viuk dÙkZO; iwjk djus ds i'pkr~ gh os y{e.k
lkeuk djuk iMÛkA mÙkj dkaM es]a Øekuqlkj] ftldks ^jkek;.k* dk vfUre Hkkx ds ikl vk;s vkSj cksy]s ßvjs HkS;k] y{e.kAÞ ßgk¡ HkS;k] jke]Þ os dgrs gS]a ßeSa tkurk
dgrs gS]a dky Jh jke dks LoxZyksd esa okil cqykus ds fy;s vk;k] tgk¡ mudh gw¡] vki D;k pkgrs gSAa eq>s ekj Mkfy,A eSa rS;kj gw¡] eq>s irk FkkA esjk thou ys
dqN vko';drk FkhA og vkSj Jh jke xqIr okrkZ ds fy;s lkFk cSBAs dky] tks lk/ ysAa ;g vkidks le£ir gS] yhft;sAÞ rR{k.k ofl"B th cksy mBs] ß;g rks iwofZ uf'pr
kq ds os'k esa vk;k Fkk] mlus igys ls gh opu ys fy;k Fkk] ßlarjh ds :i esa vius nSofu.kZ; gSA rqeus dgk Fkk fd rqe mls ekj MkyksxAs og naM dk Hkkxh gks x;k gS]
,d Js"B O;fDr dks }kj ij fu;qDr djksA eSa ;g ugha pkgrk fd ;gk¡ vkdj dksbZ vr% mls naM rks Hkqxruk gh iMÛxs kA naM dks ykxw djuk gh gksxkA ,slh ifjfLFkfr esa
ns[ks ;k lqus fd gekjs chp D;k dqN gks jgk gSA ;g iw.kZr;k rqEgkjs vkSj esjs chp gSA fuokZlu e`R;qnMa ds rqY; ekuk tkrk gSAÞ bl çdkj e`R;qnMa fuokZlu esa cnyk
eq>s bl çdkj dh vk'kadk fcYdqy ugha gksuh pkfg, fd dksbZ ;gk¡ lglk vk tk;s x;kA bl çdkj ;g lekIr gksrk gSA
vkSj Bgj dj gekjh ckr lqu ysAÞ vr% Jh jke y{e.k ls dgrs gS]a ßlkekU; larjh ge ns[krs gSa fd bu mPpdksfV ds egkdkO;ksa dh ,d fo'ks"krk gS] ftldks
dks fonk djds mldk LFkku rqe Lo;a ys yks vkSj ogha Bgjs jgukA rqeus /;ku dgk tkrk gS] vVy HkkX; dk gkFkA HkkX; gekjs fy, lc çdkj dh dfBu
fn;k] tks vHkh&vHkh bl lk/kq us dgk Fkk\ ;fn rqe vUnj vk;s vkSj gekjh ckr ifjfLFkfr;k¡ mRiék djrk gSA ge lc ,d çcy 'kfDr ds gkFk esa gS] tks fdlh Hkh
TÛkjk&lh Hkh lquh] rks mldk ifj.kke gksxk] e`R;qnMa AÞ ßBhd gS]Þ y{e.k dgrs gSAa ekuo ls dgha vf/kd gSA jke cqjs u Fks] u gh y{e.k cqjs FksA ge fdrus Hkh
62 jkek;.k ds T;ksfr&LrEHk ik¡pok¡ v/;k; 63

dÙkZO;fu"B D;ksa u gks]a vius dÙkZO;ksa dks fdrus gh Li"V :i ls D;ksa u le>rs gks]a
gekjk vkpj.k fdruk Hkh leqfpr D;ksa u jgk gks] fQj Hkh rRdky HkkX; loksiZ fj
ekuoh; lq[k vkSj 'kkfUr ls ijs ?kksj ifjfLFkfr;k¡ mRiék dj ldrk gSA ,slh
ifjfLFkfr;k¡] ftuesa ,d euq"; dks vkKk ikyu djuk pkgrs gq, Hkh mldk ik¡pok¡ v/;k;
mYya?ku djuk iMÛrk gS] dHkh fdlh dÙkZO;ijk;.k O;fDr dks dke iwjk djus ls iwoZ
chl ckj ladksp gksrk gSA bl çdkj dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa dk gesa çk;% lkeuk ugha djuk jke
iMÛrkA esjs vkSj vkids vkn'kZ brus mPp ugha gksrs fd gekjh ijh{kk yh tk;sA ;s
egkekuo] ftUgksua s vkn'kZ vkpj.k dks vius mnkgj.k }kjk le>kus ds fy, tUe
fy;k Fkk] mUgsa HkkX; ds dksMÛkas ds dkj.k ,slh pje ifjfLFkfr;ksa dk lkeuk djuk
iMÛ tkrk gS] tgk¡ mUgsa bl ;k ml ekxZ ds vuqlj.k dk fu.kZ; djuk dfBu gks dnkfpr~~ dqN mu Hkkoukvksa dks Lej.k djuk ykHkçn gksxk] ftuls çsfjr
tkrk gS] tgk¡ ,d dÙkZO; dk ikyu nwljs dÙkZO; ds vfrikr fcuk ugha gks ldrk] gksdj eSua s ;g O;k[;kuekyk vkjEHk dhA tSlk fd eSua s fopkj O;Dr fd;k Fkk]
tgk¡ lpeqp rqe Hk;adj /keZ ladV esa gksA rqe fdlh Hkh ekxZ fn'kk esa eqMÛk]s xÛyrh y{e.k ,d lh/kk&lknk ik= gS& lqcks/k vkSj vlaxfr jfgr] ,sls <k¡ps esa <yk]
vo';EHkkoh] gS] ij pquko rks djuk gh iMÛrk gS& xÛyr gks ;k lghA Js"B pquko ftlls nqfu;k ds yksx lqifjfpr gSAsa ijUrq Jh jke] ftuds fo"k; esa eSa vkt ppkZ
gksus ij Hkh] tks f'k{kk dfo nsuk pkgrk gS] og gS fd xÛyrh dk naM Hkqxruk gh gksxkA djuk pkgrk gw¡] dqN fHkék gSAa mudk O;fDrRo mudk O;fDrRo dqN tfVy gSA
mudh çÏfr esa dqN xq.kksa dk vU; xq.kksa ds lkFk vUr£ojks/k çrhr gksrk gSA muds
dqN dk;Zdyki rks fujUrj rdZ&fordZ vkSj fookn ds fo"k; jgs gSAa geesa ls dqN
yksx] tks Jh jke ds HkDr gS]a ofj"B vkykspdksa ls çHkkfor gksdj] muds dqN
dk;Zdykiksa dh vkykspuk rd djrs gSAa dqN FkksMÛs 'kCnksa esa eSa crkuk pkgw¡xk fd
fdl çdkj bfrgkl esa vkSj dFkk&lkfgR; ik=ksa dk fu:i.k fd;k tkrk gSA ;s lc
fHkék&fHkék çfrHkk okys gksrs gSAa lc vius {ks= esa ikjaxr ugha gksrAs tc os pfj=
fp=.k djrs gS]a mlesa çk;% fu"i{krk] lqlxa fr vkSj lkeatL; ugha gksrkA ys[ku
dyk esa vuqHkoh u gksus ds dkj.k] ikBdksa dh ,slh /kkj.kk cu ldrh gS fd ik=ksa dk
fp=.k ys[kd ds vfHkçk; ds vuqdy w ugha gSA rFkkfi dqN vU; ys[kd gS]a tks
vius ik=ksa dk fooj.k bl çdkj nsrs gS]a ekuks os muds vfHkék fe= gksAa muds
vUrfje fopkjksa esa mudh xgjh iSB jgrh gSA os mUgsa iqu% iqu% vius efLr"d esa
?kqekrs fQjkrs jgrs gSAa vr% ,sls ys[kd tc ik=ksa dk fp=.k djrs gS]a os mudks gwcgw
vius vfHkçk; ds vuqdy w çLrqr djus esa lQy gksrs gSAa ,sls O;fDr lalkj ds
egku ys[kd gksrs gSaA os vius uk;d] ukf;dkvksa ls lEcfU/kr viuh futh
ifjdYiukvksa vkSj muds pfj= fp=.k] dk;Zdykiksa vkSj mudh mfDr;ksa esa iwjk&iwjk
lkeatL; LFkkfir dj ysrs gSAa dnkfpr~~ okYehfd u rks Jh jke ds] u gh jkedFkk
ds l`td FksA os rks gekjs lEeq[k mUgsa mlh :i esa çLrqr djrs gS]a ftl :i esa os
mUgsa çLrqr fd;s x, FksA u gh lEHko gS fd mUgksua s fu'p;iwod Z vusd ?kVukvksa
vkSj ç;klksa dk vkfo"dkj fd;k] ftuls os vius uk;d vkSj ukf;dk ds pfj= dk
fun'kZu djrs gSAa os Hkh rks mudks ;qx&;qx ls çpfyr :i esa çkIr gq, gksxa As eSa
63

okYehfd vkSj mudh dFkk dks lk/kkj.k ekuoh; n`f"V ls ns[k jgk gw¡A çpfyr gh Lrj ij fVd ldrk gS] u gh vkpj.k ds ,d gh Lrj ij dk;Z{kerk ds ,d Lrj
ekU;rk rks ;gh gS fd okYehfd Jh jke ds lelkef;d Fks vkSj mUgksaus muds ijA ;nk dnk fo'ks"k ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa ge Åij mB tkrs gSa] tc ge vPNh
thoudky esa gh ^jkek;.k* dh jpuk dhA ;g oLrqr% lR; gks ;k ugha] ij bruk rks eu%fLFkfr esa gksrs gS]a uSfrd fopkjksa ds fy, xzg.k'khy gksrs gS]a vius dÙkZO; ds çfr
fuf'pr gS fd jke ds pfj=&fp=.k dFkk ds foLr`r fooj.k esa okYehfd dh dYiuk lps"V gksrs gS]a çyksHkuksa dk çfrjks/k djus esa vis{kkÏr leFkZ gksrs gS]a mnkÙk ifjos"k
dk foykl ugha gSA gekjs fopkj ls rks okYehfd dk ;ksxnku dnkfpr~ fo"k;oLrq ds es]a mnkj O;fDr;ksa ds chp] mnkj fopkj/kkjkvksa dk foeZ'k djrs gq,A mnkÙk dk;Z
foU;kl rd lhfer gSA lEHkor% os euksHkko] tks uk;d] ukf;dk vkSj vU; ik=ksa ls djus es]a nqHkkZX; ls] bl çdkj ds {k.k thou esa nqyHZ k gksrs gSAa ,slk cgqr gh gksrk
tksMÛs x;s gS]a mUgha dh nsu gSA fuf'pr :i ls Hkk"kk] 'kCn la;kstu] dkO;yadkj&;s gS fd vuqdy w ifjfLFkfr;ksa dk la;ksx gks tk;s] tks fd gesa vius mPpre Lrj ij
lc muds vius gSAa ;g lc vk/kkj ekuus ds i'pkr~ D;k ;g mfpr gksxk fd vkxs fLFkj j[kus esa lgk;d gksaA çk;% vf/kdka'kr% ,slh ifjfLFkfr;k¡ vkrh gSa] tks
c<Ûdj ;g dgk tk lds fd jke dk fooj.k] tks bl egkdkO; esa fn;k x;k gS] v/k%iru dh vksj ?klhVus okyh gksrh gS]a tSls dh cqjs mnkgj.k] v/ke çyksHku]
uk;d ds pfj= ds çkIr :i ls Bhd&Bhd esy [kkrk gS\ eSa le>rk gw¡ fd ;g ?k`f.kr çfrQy fdlh u fdlh çdkj ds çyksHku gesa ?ksj ysrs gSAa geesa ls vR;Ur
mfpr gh gS] vkSj esjs eu esa blds fy;s dksbZ vf/kd 'kadk ughaA n{k] çf'kf{kr O;fDr;ksa dks Hkh Lo;a dks mPprj Lrj rd mBus ds fy;s ,d mRÏ"V
vc ge fookn ds vxys fcUnq ij vkrs gSAa D;k okYehfd us jke ds lUnHkZ okrkoj.k dh vko';drk gksrh gSA çk;% vDÛlj ge uhps fxj tkrs gS]a dqN vuqfpr
esa çpfyr dFkk&dgkfu;ksa vkSj fdaonfUr;ksa esa ls] bl dFkk dk pquko fd;k\ D;k ckrsa Hkh dj nsrs gS]a ge dqN ,slk Hkh dj ldrs gS]a tks ge vU;Fkk ugha djrsA vU;
muds le; rd buesa ls dqN brus p£pr Fks fd ;|fi os muds fopkjksa ls esy ugha ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa ge ,sls dke dj cSBrs gS]a ftuds fy, ckn esa iNrkok gksrk gSA
[kkrs Fks] fQj Hkh] os mu va'kksa dks! NksMÛ u lds\ ;g rks furkUr vuqeku dk fo"k; dHkh tkucw> dj ,sls dke djrs gSa vkSj vk'kk djrs gSa fd vU; yksx gekjs nks"kksa
gSA tc ge jke dh ,d iw.kZfodflr ik= ds :i esa ppkZ djsxa s vkSj ,d va'k dh dks u Hkk¡i ys]a vkSj ;fn Hkk¡i Hkh ys rks fdlh u fdlh fygktÛ ls gesa {kek dj nsxa As
nwljs va'k ls ikjLifjd vuqdy w rk dh tk¡p djsxa ]s rks gesa dgha&dgha ekuuk iMÛxs k Jh jke esa ;g vlk/kkj.k xq.k Fkk& eSa dsoy vlk/kkj.k dg jgk gw¡& rkRi;Z ;g gS
fd laHkor% pquko esa dfo fcYdqy Lora= ugha FkkA gks ldrk gS fd tgk¡ dgha fd vçfre xq.k] vf/kdka'k vius mPpre Lrj ij jgrs FksA os ;nk&dnk mlls
ijLij vuq:irk dh deh gS vFkok visf{kr ekunaM ls og de gS] gesa lEHkor% uhps fxjsA dHkh ,slk gqvk Hkh] rks ge lgt gh mu ifjfLFkfr;ksa dk irk pyk ldrs
bl er dk vkJ; ysuk iMÛxs k (;g esjk viuk futh vuqeku gS) fd og çlax gSa] tks muds iru ds fy;s mÙkjnk;h FkhaA dnkfpr~~ dHkh iru tkucw> dj]
fo'ks"k] tks vuq:irk ds ekinaM ij vk?kkr djrk gS] dnkfpr~~ okYehfd dk pquko dnkfpr~~ u Hkh gks] {kek ;ksX; FkkA dHkh&dHkh 'kk;n gekjss tSls lhfer n`f"V ds
ugha Fkk D;ksfa d Jh jke dks bl çlax ls tksMÛus okyh ijEijk bruh lqn`<Û Fkh fd os yksxksa ds fy;s cgkus <Û¡<w uk dfBu gks tkrk gSA /;ku nsus ;ksX; ckr ;g gS fd bl
mls NsMÛus dk lkgl u dj ldsA dnkfpr~~ tc ,d ;k nks ckj ,sls lUnHkZ vk;s]a fopkj ls vki u rks Hk;Hkhr gks]a vkSj u gh bls fuUnuh; vkSj u gh vuqfpr ekusa
rc eSa vkils ;g vis{kk ugha d:¡xk fd vkidk ewY;kadu esjs fopkjksa ls esy [kk;sA fd dHkh&dHkh ge ns[krs gSa fd jke us ,sls dk;Z fd;s vkSj ,slh ckrsa Hkh dgha]
eSa rks bldk fu.kZ; loZFkk vkids Åij NksMÛ nw¡xk vkSj eq>s dksbZ vkifÙk ugha gksxh] ftudk vuqeksnu Lo;a mudh mPprj çÏfr uk djsA gekjs fy;s dguk vklku
;fn esjs er dks vke LohÏfr ugha feyrhA ugha gS fd mUgksua s ,sls dk;Z D;ksa fd,] fdl dkj.k ls fd, vkSj dgk¡ rd buds fy,
;fn jke] tSlk fd eSa lksprk gw¡] gekjh gh Hkk¡fr jDr&ek¡l ds iqrys Fks; ;fn mudh çÏfr dks mÙkjnk;h Bgjk;k tkuk pkfg,A eSa mudh iw.kZ lwph çLrqr ugha
gekjs gh leku rRdkyhu okrkoj.k esa fo'o ds fdlh HkwHkkx esa fo|eku Fks; ;fn os djuk pkgrk] fdUrq blls iwoZ fd eSa ifjppkZ vkjEHk d:¡] eSa vUrr% vkidks
,slh gh ekuoh; Hkkoukvksa ls xzLr Fks] tSlh ge vius nSufUnu thou esa ikrs gSa; crkuk pkgrk gw¡ fd esjs fopkj esa buds dkj.k jke dh mRÏ"Vrk pfj= esa ys'kek=
;fn oLrq fLFkfr ,slh Fkh] rks gesa ekuuk pkfg, fd dHkh os ,d Lrj vkSj dHkh nwljs Hkh vUrj ugha iMÛrkA og euq"; ekuoh; pfj= ls loZFkk vufHkK gS vkSj vius
Lrj ij nksyk;eku gq,A gesa jke ds vkpj.k ;k opuksa dk ewY;kadu djuk gksxk] ifjos'k ds çfr furkUr va/kk vkSj cgjk gS] tks ,slk lksprk gS D;ksfa d ;nk&dnk Jh
vius fo'okuq:i] fdl Lrj ij os rRle; Fks D;ksfa d ge lc vius vuqHko ds jke esa Hkh ekuoh; çÏfr ds lkekU; xq.k çn£'kr gksrs gS]a vr% os lk/kkj.k feêh ds
vk/kkj ij tkurs gSa fd geesa ls u rks dksbZ Js"B] u dksbZ fuÏ"V] u gh iq#"k vFkok iqrys FksA ,slh ckr ugha gSA eSa fcuk fdlh çfrca/k ds dguk pkgrk gw¡] ;fn euq";
efgyk ugha] iwoZ ds vFkok if'pe ds] dksbZ Hkh tks ekuoh; gS] u rks fopkj ds ,d ds Lrj ij euq"; :i esa mudk ewY;kadu gks] rks Hkh jke yxHkx fu"dyad mrjrs

gSAa eSua s dgk] ^yxHkx fu"dyadA* eSua s 'kCn ^yxHkx* dk ç;ksx D;ksa fd;k gS\ lcus mudks lquk] lHkh us mudks ns[kk] çrh;ekur% jktlh eqæk esa cSBs gq,] vius
*jkek;.k^ esa o£.kr dqN çlaxksa dks le>us dk ç;kl djds] eSa bldk Li"Vhdj.k esa [kks, gq,] xEHkhj mnklh vkSj fpUru esa Mwcs gq,] ijUrq dBksj] fu"Bqj] fueZe
djuk pkgrk gw¡A fdUrq] ,slk djus ds iwoZ bldk ,d rRdky losZ{k.k djuk vk'k; ls Hkjs Hkko O;Dr djrs gq,A lc yksx vius&vius LFkku ij [kMÛs ;k cSBs
vko';d gSA fd vkt ds ;qx esa jke dk D;k LFkku gS\ ge D;ksa mUgsa vf}rh; jgsA Jh jke dh gSfl;r D;k gS\ ml le; os u rks Hkkjr ds pØorhZ lezkV Fks] u
ekurs gS]a euq"; ds :i es]a ifr ds :i es]a fe= ds :i es]a 'kkfUr vkSj ;q¼ ds le; gh lkekU; vFkZ esa Kkuh /;kuh ½f"k&eqfu FksA fQj Hkh D;ksa fdlh us] u euq";ksa us]
lgk;d fe= ds :i es]a ,oa 'kkld ds :i esAa bl ckr dks çekf.kr djus ds fy, u okujksa us muds çfrokn esa ,d 'kCn Hkh eq¡g ls ugha fudkyk\ furkUr Li"V Fkk
bl rF; ls vf/kd vkSj fdlh lk{; dh vko';drk ugha fd tc os dsoy iPphl fd os dqN ,slk djus tk jgs Fks] tks mudh le> ds ckgj Fkk] vkSj ftldks og
;k NCchl o"kZ ds jgs gksxa s (lhrk ds vuqlkj) fdUrq lkekU; x.kuk ds vuqlkj Lo;a gks U;k;laxr fl¼ dj ldrs FksA blds çfr vlEefr ;k vLohÏfr O;Dr
lSra hl ;k vMÛrhl ds gksxa s vFkkZr~ tc mudh vk;q dsoy bruh gh Fkh] ml le; djus ds fy, dksbZ Hkh vkokTÛk ;k gkFk ugha mBkA ml O;fDr us mu lc yksxksa ij]
u muds ikl 'kklu djus ds fy;s jkT; dh lqfo/kk Fkh] u tkxhj ck¡Vus ds fy;s tks muds lkfék/; esa vk,] bruk vifjorZuh; vkf/kiR; tek fy;k Fkk] fd tks
Hkw&lEifr Fkh] u dksbZ jktdh; lEeku ;k mikf/k Fkh] u gh nku djus ds fy;s dqN os dgrs] ogh lcds fy;s fu;e cu tkrk FkkA tks dqN mudk vkns'k gksrk Fkk]
/ku vkSj lEifÙkA bu lc lk/kuksa vkSj lqfo/kkvksa ds vHkko esa Hkh] bruh vYi vk;q mldk iw.kZ :i ls ikyu gksuk pkfg, Fkk] fojks/k ds fy;s TÛkjk Hkh xqt a kb'k u FkhA
esa mUgksua s vius dks vius ;qx ds 'kh"kZ xkSjo ds :i esa çekf.kr fd;kA tc Hkh dksbZ ;fn Jh jke dksbZ ,slh ckr dgrs] ftldks yksx vuqeksnu ugha dj ikrs] ;g mudk
muds laidZ esa vkrk Fkk& pkgs vk;q esa muls cMÛk gks ;k NksVk] pkgs egku ;ks¼k gks cMÛk nqHkkZX; gksrkA Lohdkj vfuok;Z Fkk] muesa çfrjks/k djus dk lkgl u FkkA eSa
vFkok lk/kq&lar ;k ½f"k&eqfu gks] mudks lknj 'kh'k uokrk FkkA muds vius HkkbZ vc vkidks bl ckr dk vglkl djkuk pkgrk gw¡] og iq#"k fdruk egku gksxk]
Hkh] tks fd vk;q ds fglkc ls yxHkx muds cjkcj gh Fks] ekurs Fks fd Jh jke tks fu£ookn :i ls bruk loksiZ fj cu ldkA ,sls O;fDr Fks] Jh jkeA os brus
muls mPp pfj= dh n`f"V ls cgqr vkxs Fks] vr% mu lcls vf/kdre lEeku vkSj loksiZ fj ugha cu ldrs Fks] ;fn lpeqp esa os ,sls u gksr]s ftldk os çk;% nkok
J¼k ds vf/kdkjh FksA pkgs v;ks/;k dkaM es]a tgk¡ os vis{kkÏr vius rqY; yksxksa ds djrs Fks] /keZ ds vfHkj{kdA vusdksa ckj] dfBu ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds chp] tc vklikl
e/; esa mBrs cSBrs Fks& jktk] jkfu;ksa vFkok ½f"k&eqfuvksa ds chp ;k vxys nks ds O;fDr;ksa us mUgsa uhps [khapuk pkgk] mUgksua s ijke'kZ fn;k] tks lkalkfjd O;ogkj
dkaMksa es]a tgk¡ os vius HkkbZ vkSj iRuh ds lkFk gksrs gq, Hkh oLrqr% vdsys Fks ;k dq'kyrk dh n`f"V ls Fkk] fdUrq mUgksua s vius dk;Z esa ,sls ekxZ dk vuqlj.k fd;k]
fdf"dU/kk dkaM es]a tgk¡ dqN yksx Fks] tks mudk vknj djrs Fks vkSj muds çfr tc dksbZ vU; nqfu;knkjh dk gh vkpj.k djrk] ftlds iw.kZ vkSfpR; vkSj uSfrd
J¼k Hkko j[krs Fks] mlh çdkj] ftl çdkj lkekU; tu ,d&nwljs dk vknj fof'k"Vrk] mRÏ"Vrk us lcdks vk'p;Zpfdr fd;kA mu çfl¼ çlaxksa dk mYys[k
djrs gSa ;k fQj ;q¼ dkaM es]a tgk¡ mUgksua s egkudk;Z fd,] fo'kky lsuk dk usr`Ro u djrs gq,] tks vo'; gh lc vkids /;ku esa vk;sxa ]s tSls lÙkk dk viltZu]
fd;k] ;q¼ ds egRoiw.kZ vfHk;kuksa dk lapkyu fd;k] ;q¼ esa vusd 'kkS;iZ .w kZ dk;Z vkSj lkezkT; dk ifjR;kx] ge 'kh"kZ çlaxksa ij vkrs gS]a tks ;q¼ dkaM esa gh gSAa ml
fd,] fdUgha Hkh ifjfLFkfr chp] tks Hkh muds lEidZ esa vk;k] mlus mudks ,d volj dk Lej.k djs]a tc foHkh"k.k mudh 'kj.k esa vk;k FkkA tSlk fd vkidks
viuh fujkyh Js.kh esa LFkku fn;k] vkSj dHkh Hkh muls viuh rqyuk djus dk ekywe gh gS] mUgksua s iwjh ;q¼ifj"kn dh ,d cSBd cqykbZ] ftlesa vxzx.; lykgdkj
lkgl u fd;kA bldk ,d cgqr Lej.kh; çek.k ;q¼ dkaM ds vfUre pj.k esa (eSa Fks] ijUrq guqeku dks NksMÛdkj& tks ijke'kZ nsus esa dqN <qyeqy yxrs Fks] lHkh
bls vafre dg¡xw k] v;ks/;k esa vfHk"ksd dks NksMÛ dj) feyrk gSA yksx& ;gk¡ rd mudk viuk HkkbZ y{e.k Hkh bl i{k esa Fks fd os foHkh"k.k dh
;q¼ dh lekfIr ds rqjUr ckn] tc mUgksua s vius lkeus ml efgyk dks ;kpuk vLohdkj dj nsAa muesa ls ,d nks rks pkgrs Fks fd jke foHkh"k.k dks ejok
cqyok;k] tks bl egku ;q¼ dk ewy dkj.k Fkh& mls] ftlds fufeÙk mUgksua s viwoZ nsus dh vkKk nsAa loZFkk vdsy]s fcYdqy vdsy]s lcds ijke'kZ ds ckotwn] mldks
R;kx fd, Fks] tks vius çk.kksa ds leku fç; Fkh] ftlds fo;ksx esa os viuk thou vLohdkj djrs gq, D;ksfa d og muds vkn'kks± ds vuqdy w ugha Fkk] os mPpre Lrj
lekIr Hkh dj ldrs FksA lhrk dks vius le{k cqyokdj] mUgksua s ,slh Hkkouk;sa ij mB dj cksy]s ßesjh 'kj.k esa vki vius mUgksua s ;s O;FkZ fdlh dk ugha gksrk] pkgs
O;Dr dh ftlls ,d&,d lquus okys ds xgjk vk?kkr yxk] u dsoy lhrk] og nq"V Hkh gks] ijUrq ;fn og Hkh fe= Hkko] fouez Hkkoukvksa lfgr esjs lEeq[k
y{e.k] foHkh"k.k dks] vfirq lEiw.kZ okujeaMy dks vkSj cps&[kqps jk{klksa dks HkhA vk;sxk] rks mls eSa dHkh fujk'k ugha d:¡xkAÞ vki yksx TÛkjk dYiuk dhft,] mUgsa

viuh uSfrd 'kfDr dk fdruk egku cks/k Fkk] tc mUgksua s bu mPp Hkkoukvksa dks Jh jke! fQj Hkh /kU; gS ekuo çÏfr] tSlk fd dfo crkrs gSa vkSj nqfu;k dgrh gS]
O;Dr fd;k vkSj mUgsa dk;kZfUor fd;k] fcuk fdlh 'krZ vFkok çfrcU/k dsA ,d loZfu"B LoHkko gh] tks ge lcesa fo|eku gSA tc ge jke ds fo"k; esa fpUru
vc ,d vU; ?kVuk ij n`f"Vikr dhft, tc jke jko.k ds lkFk fodV ;q¼ djrs gS]a rks çk;% ge J¼k ;qDr foLe; ls Hkj tkrs gS]a ijUrq tc rc ge xoZ
esa my>s gq, Fks vkSj mUgsa ,d lqvolj feykA jko.k dks vius jFk ls uhps mrjuk djrs gSa fd dHkh&dHkh mUgksusa s Hkh mlh çdkj lkspk] tSlk geus lkspk gksrkA nq%[k ls
iMÛk] D;ksfa d mldk jFk VwV pqdk Fkk vkSj mldk cMÛk /kuq"k Hkh {kfrxzLr gks x;kA os lUrIr gq,] ihMÛk us mUgsa cqjh rjg ls Bksdj nh] mUgsa osnuk lguh iMÛhA gk;!
jke us cMÛh HkO;rk ls lkFk vius 'k=q ls dgk& ,d ,slk 'k=q] ftldks dsoy thrus dfo dgrk gS] dHkh&dHkh os QwV&QwV dj Hkh jks,] dHkh Øks/k ls vkfHkHkwr gq,] dHkh
ds fy;s gh ugha oju~ ekjus ds fy, viuh tkfr esa fdruh gh ;kstuk;sa mUgksua s cukbZ grk'k gq,] dHkh&dHkh vkRegR;k djus ij Hkh mrk: gq,A dHkh&dHkh yksxksa ds fy,
Fkha& ml {k.k dk ykHk mBkdj mldks lekIr djus ds ctk;s] os dgrs gS]a ßjko.k! dBksj opuksa dk ç;ksx Hkh fd;k] dHkh&dHkh yksxksa ij lUnsg Hkh fd;k] tSlk fd ge
bl le; rqe cMÛh çfrdwy ifjfLFkfr esa gksA vkt eSua s rqEgsa vius lcls vPNs :i vkSj vki djrs gSAa mUgksua s os lc ,slh ckrsa dha tSlh ge gkMÛ&ek¡l ds iqrys djrs
esa ns[kkA rqe cMÛh ohjrk ,oa e;kZnk ls yMÛs gksA rqeus esjs vusd ;ks¼kvksa dks lekIr gS]a fdUrq dHkh ,slk u lkspks fd ge mUgsa muds mPp Lrj ls fxjk jgs gSAa tc&tc
fd;k gS] fdUrq vc rqEgsa vius jFk ls uhps mrjuk iMÛk gSA rqe Fkds gq, gksA rqEgsa ge ,slh ?kVuk;sa ns[krs gS]a rks cjcl dqN Åij mBdj muls ckU/kO; LFkkfir dj
esjh gh rjg uhps [kMÛs gksus ij foo'k gksA rqEgkjk fo'kky /kuq"k Hkh u"V gks pqdk gSA ysrs gSAa gkMÛ&ek¡l ls gekjs ln`'k gksrs gq,] dHkh&dHkh gekjh rjg ds vfHkçk;ksa ls
eSa rqEgsa le; nsrk gw¡] ?kj ykSV tkvksA dy rjksrkTÛkk vkSj lqLoLFk gksdj] u;s /kuq"k çsfjr gksrs gq,] Øq¼ gksrs gq,] f[kék vkSj mnkl gksrs gq, Hkh] U;wukf/kd gekjh rjg
ck.k lfgr vkukA fQj ns[kuk] eSa fdl çdkj ;q¼ dj ldrk gw¡AÞ D;k fdlh us gksrs gq, Hkh] muds fy;s vius dks mRÏ"V Å¡pkb;ksa rd mBkuk laHko Fkk] tcfd
bl çdkj dh ckr igys lquh\ dkSu lk uk;d bl çdkj ds dke djsxk\ ge tSls dnkfi brus Å¡ps ugha mB ikrs& vk/kk bap Hkh vius lkekU; Lrj ls Å¡pk
,d vkSj çlax nsf[k;s! jko.k o/k ds i'pkr~ jke vkSj foHkh"k.k dh ckrphrA ugha mB ldrsA D;k ge dqN gn rd viuh çÏfr dks fu;a=.k esa ugha j[k ldrs
foHkh"k.k ds eu esa jko.k ds çfr nks Hkkoukvksa esa la?k"kZ gks jgk FkkA vUrr% og gS\a ?kfV;k ;g lhlk] ftldh gekjh çÏfr cuh gqbZ gS] lc lksus esa ugha cny
vJqi.w kZ us=ksa ls Jh jke ds ikl vk;k vkSj cksyk] ß;g lp gS] og esjk vxzt FkkA tk;sxs k] dnkfi ughaA rFkkfi ge ml lhls dks lkQÛ rks dj ldrs gS]a mldh viuh
;g Hkh lp gS] og esjk jktk FkkA ;g Hkh lp gS] mlus cgq/kk esjh j{kk dhA ijUrq uSl£xd çÏfr ds vuqlkj mlesa ped rks yk ldrs gSa vkSj rc Jh jke ds
og nq"V FkkA mlus vusdksa fL=;ksa dks fcxkMÛk] cjckn fd;k] mlus yksxksa ds thou lacU/k esa i<Ûuk lkFkZd gks tk;sxk] rHkh ^jkek;.k* dFkk dk lquuk ykHkdj gksxkA
ls f[kyokMÛ fd;k] mlus vuqfpr ;q¼ fd,A esjk eu fcYdqy ugha djrk fd eSa rc gekjs thou vkSj vkpj.k ij mnkÙk vkSj fnO; tSlk çHkko iMÛs fcuk u jgsxk]
mldh vUR;sf"V d:¡] pkgs esjs fy;s ,slk djuk vuqfpr gh D;ksa u gksAÞ ,d ftlds QyLo:i okYehfd ds bl egku egkdkO; ds çHkko ls ge igys ls csgrj
lk/kkj.k O;fDr rks dg ldrk Fkk] ßblds 'ko dks leqæ esa Qsd a nks vkSj fdÛLlk balku cu x, gksxa As vc eSa dqN csgrj vius fu/kkZfjr dk;ZØe ij vkrk gw¡A
[ÛkRe djksAÞ fdUrq ;gk¡ rks ppkZ jke ds fo"k; esa gSA dnkfpr~~ rqeus ,sls yksxksa ds vc eSa ;gk¡ dqN ,sls çlaxksa dks çLrqr djrk gw¡] ftlesa Jh jke viuh
fo"k; esa Hkh lquk gksxk] ftUgksua s feêh esa ncs gq, 'kjhjksa dks [kksndj fQj ty vFkok ekuoh; fo'ks"krkvksa dk çn'kZu djrs gS]a u fd vfrekuo fnO; xq.kksa dkA igyh ckr
vfXu dks le£ir fd;k& fdUrq jke us ml {k.k D;k fd;k tc foHkh"k.k jko.k dh rks ;g gS fd esjs fopkj ls ;gh vPNk jgsxk fd eSa fdlh Øe ls cksy¡w] D;ksfa d esjh
vUR;sf"V djus dks rS;kj gh ugha gks jgk Fkk\ jke us fofHk"k.k ds ,sls }U}kRed {k.k gk£nd bPNk gS fd esjk oDrO; lquus ds ckn vkiesa ls dqN yksx ewy dkO; ij
esa dgk] ßugha foHkh"k.k] rqe xÛyrh ij gksA eSua s fdlh v/ke dks ;q¼ esa ugha ekjkA n`f"V Mkysxa s vkSj vki Lo;a gh fu'p; dj ldsxa s fd D;k eSua s vkidks lgh funs'Z ku
jko.k ,d egku ;ks¼k Fkk] og ,d egku ekuo Fkk] og ,d egku 'kkld Fkk vkSj fn;k gS vFkok dgha Hkzfer rks ugha fd;k gSA igyk çlax ge ysrs gS]a tc n'kjFk
mldh e`R;q esa Hkh ,d egkurk FkhA vr,o mldk vfUre laLdkj 'kkL=ksDr vkSj dSd;s h lkFk cSBs gq, Fks] vFkok ;g dguk vf/kd lgh gksxk fd dSd;s h n'kjFk
fof/k&fo/kku ls djks]Þ vkSj vkxs dgk] ßbl çdkj rqe iq.; dks çkIr gksxAs Þ ds ikl bl mís'; ls cSBh Fkh fd tks fu'p; n'kjFk dj pqds Fks] mls fdlh çdkj
;fn ,d ,slk ekuo Fkk] tks uSfrd 'kqfprk dh vfo'luh; Å¡pkb;ksa vkSj cny fn;k tk;s& tc jkuh ds vkns'k ij jktk us Jh jke dks cqyok;k] ,d nk#.k
HkO;rk dks Nw ldrk Fkk] D;k ;g vk'p;Z dh ckr gS fd lkjh nqfu;k muds lkeus lekpkj ls voxr djkus ds fy;s] rks ns[ksa ml le; Jh jke D;k dj jgs FksA rc
ureLrd Fkh vkSj mudh NksVh ls NksVh bPNk dks fnO; vkns'k ekurh Fkh\ ,sls Fks] os vius d{k esa lhrk ds lkFk FksA D;ksfa d fiNyh ckj] tc os vius firk ls feys Fks]

mUgsa lwpuk nh x;h Fkh fd mudk ;qojkt in ij vfHk"ksd gksus okyk gS] os vxkeh mudks crkuk gh FkkA tc os ekrk ds ikl tkrs gS]a rks dfo vius o.kZu esa ,d iqV
mikf/k dh iwjh çR;k'kk esa lhrk ls okrkZyki dj jgs Fks] fcYdqy tSls vki ;k ge nsrk gS] tks fd igys o.kZu dks furkUr foijhr cuk nsrk gSA jke us tSls gh lquk fd
leku ifjfLFkfr esa dgrs ml inksékfr dk fpUru djrs gq,] tks Hkxoku dh mUgas jkT; dk ifjR;kx djuk gS vkSj pkSng o"kZ ou esa okl djuk gS rFkk jkT; dk
vuqdEik ls gesa inoh feyus tk jgh gksA mUgksua s lhrk ls dgk % vf/kdkjh mudk HkkbZ Hkjr cusxk] ml le; dfo dgrk gS] ßmuds /khj eq[keaMy
nsoh nso'p nsoh p lekxE; enUrjsA ij TÛkjk lh f'kdu Hkh ugha vkbZA og lnk dh Hkk¡fr nedrk jgkA dksbZ Hkh u tku
eU=;srs /kzqoa fdf´pnfHk"kspulafgre~AA II.16.15 ldk fd ,d otzikr gqvk gSA ;g lc dqN gksus ij Hkh ,slk çrhr gksrk Fkk fd jke
mudk eu lkQÛ Fkk] muds ân; esa fdlh çdkj dk lUnsg ugha FkkA vr% os vHkh Hkh oSHko vkSj lÙkk ds p<Ûrs Tokj ij vk:<Û gSAa mUgksua s ys'kek= nq%[k ;k
dgrs gS]a ßfuLlUnsg esjs firk th vkSj ekrk dSd;s h] nksuksa feydj esjs vfHk"ksd dh fujk'kk çdV ugha dhAÞ ;s 'kCn Fks] dfo ds ml le;] ijUrq tc jke viuh ekrk
rS;kjh ds fufeÙk dqN lqUnj ;kstuk;sa cuk jgs gSAa esjs fy, egRoiw.kZ ckrsa çrh{kk dks lwpuk nsus tkrs gS]a rc dfo dgrk gS %
dj jgh gS]a blfy, rqEgkjs fy;s HkhAÞ /kkj;u~ eulk nq%[ke~A II.19.35
y{kf;Rok áfHkçk;a fç;dkek lqnf{k.kkA ßvius nq%[k dks vius eu ds Hkhrj gh fu;af=r djkAÞ
la´pksn;fr jktkua enFk± efnjs{k.ksAA II.16.16 blls Li"V gS fd os nq%[kh rks Fks] fdUrq vius nq%[k ij mUgksua s fu;a=.k dj
vkidks ;g rks fofnr gksxk gh dSd;s h vkSj jke ds chp xgu vkReh;rk FkhA fy;k FkkA ,slk ugha Fkk fd muds eu esa fdlh çdkj dk nq%[k ;k fpUrk dh ijs'kkuh
os dgrs gS]a ßfuLlUnsg dSd;s h dk eq> ij bruk Lusg gSA esjs çfr jktk dk vfHkçk; ugha Fkh] u gh dksbZ nq%[k D;ksfa d mUgsa lekpkj nsuk Fkk] os cMÛs f[kék Hkko ls ek¡ ds
lqudj esjs vfHk"ksd dks lqUnj :i ls 'kh?kz lEiék djus ds fy;s gh os egkjkt dks ikl x,A
çsfjr dj jgh gksxa hAÞ /kkj;Ueulk nq%[kfefUæ;kf.k fux`á pA
lk çâ"Vk egkjkta fgrdkekuqoÆruhA çfoos'kkReoku~ os'e ekrqjfç;'kafloku~AA II.19.35
tuuh pkFkZdkek es dsd;kf/kirs% lqrkAA II.16.17 blls irk pyrk gS fd jke pkgs fdrus Hkh egku Fks] uSfrd i{k dh n`f"V ls
ßfuLlUnsg gh jkT; esa f}rh; in ij fu;qfDr ds fy;s eq>s 'kh?kz gh cqykok pkgs mudk fodkl fdruk Hkh mRÏ"V D;ksa u gqvk Fkk] fQj Hkh fo"kkn;qDr
vkus okyk gS]Þ os lhrk ls dgrs gSaA ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds Lo:i ls os vNwrs u jg ldsA
gUr 'kh?kzferks xRok æ{;kfe p eghifre~A rRi'pkr~ tc os lhrk ds d{k esa igq¡p]s rks ifjfLFkfr vkSj Hkh cnÙkj FkhA ;g
lg Roa ifjokjs.k lq[kekLo jeLo pAA II. 16.20 LoHkkfod gh FkkA gesa vPNk yxrk gS fd jke dk vkpj.k oSlk gh Fkk] tSlk dh mu
ßeSa ;gk¡ ls tkdj egkjkt ds n'kZu djrk gw¡] egku laLdkj ds fy;s rS;kj ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa gekjk gksrkA 'kk;n ge jksrs vkSj TÛkehu ij yq<ÛdrsA dqN lhek rd
gksrk gw¡A rqe vius ifjtuksa ds lkFk ;gk¡ lq[kiwod
Z cSBks vkSj Hkfo"; dh çR;k'kk dk rks jke Hkh ,sls gh Hkkoqd gks ldrs FksA
vkuUn yksAÞ
çfoos'kkFk jkeLrq Loa os'e lqfoHkwf"kre~A
dfo us ;s euksHkko ml egku O;fDr }kjk eq[kfjr djok;s gS]a tks gekjs çâ"Vtulaiw.k± fâ;k fdf´pnoka³~eq[k%AA II.26.5
v/;;u dk fo"k; gSA esjs fopkj esa buls Li"V irk yxrk gS fd Jh jke fdrus D;ksfa d ml egku vk;kstu dh ?kks"k.kk gks pqdh Fkh]
ekuoh; FksA muds thou esa ,d egku ?kVuk ?kVus okyh FkhA viuh le`f¼ vkSj
mRd"kZ ds fy;s cMÛh mRlqdrk ls çrh{kk dj jgs Fks] u dsoy vius firk dh vksj ls] çâ"VtulEiw.k±
oju~ foekrk dh vksj ls Hkh] tks mu ij vR;Ur Lusg j[krh FkhaA os mudh le`f¼ leLr tu ml lq[kn lekpkj dh çrh{kk dj jgs FksA tc os vUr%iqj esa
;kstuk dh çrh{kk dj jgs FksA x,] mudk eq[k yTtk ls dqN >qdk gqvk FkkA
tc vfu"V dk irk pyus ds ckn os ykSV]s os viuh ekrk dks O;frØe dh vFk lhrk leqRiR; osiekuk p ra ifre~A
lwpuk nsus tkrs gSAa D;ksfa d ek¡ Hkh vk'kk Hkjh meaxksa ls Qwyh ugha lek jgh Fkh] vi';PNksdlUrIra fpUrkO;kdqfyrsfUæ;e~AA II.26.6

meax ls mNyrs&dwnrs gq, vkus ds ctk;s] mudk eq[keaMy fpUrk ls ßgekjs firk] egkrstLoh egkjkt n'kjFk vc dSd;s h ds çseik'k esa c¡/ks gq,
O;kdqy FkkA vius 'kksdlUrIr ifr dks ns[kdj lhrk cgqr mnkl gqbA± vHkh rd gS] ftlus ;g ckTÛkh thr yh gSA og laHkor% viuh lifRu;ksa ds lkFk vPNk O;ogkj
mUgksua s viuh Hkkoukvksa dks o'k esa fd;k gqvk FkkA viuh ok.kh ;k eq[k ij fdlh ugha djsxhAÞ
çdkj dk çHkko ugha vkus fn;k FkkA fdUrq tc os muds ikl x;s] tks muds dkj.k lk fg jkT;fean çkI; uìL;k'oirs% lqrkA
meax ls Hkjh cSBh Fkha vkSj os vius lq[kn lekpkj dh çR;k'kk esa vkSj nwljs <ax ls nq%f[krkuka liRuhuka u dfj";fr 'kksHkue~AA II.31.13
mudk Lokxr djus dh çrh{kk esa Fkh 'kksd dks u nck ldsA ßdSd;s h rks mudk dksbZ [Û;ky u j[ksxhA Hkjr Hkh] jkT; ikdj dSd;s h ds
rka n`"Vok l fg /kekZRek u 'k'kkd euksxre~A v/khu jgus ds dkj.k] nqf[k;k dkS'kY;k vkSj lqfe=k dk Hkj.k&iks"k.k ugha djsxa As Þ
ra 'kksda jk?ko% lks<aq rrks foo`rrka xr%AA ,oa dq:"o lkSfe=s eRÑrs j?kquUnuA
foo.kZonua n`"V~ok ra çfLoéee"kZ.ke~AA II.26.7,8 vLekfHkÆoçgh.kk;k ekrquksZ u HkosRlq[ke~AA II.31.17
mudk psgjk cny x;k FkkA muds eq[k dk jax dqN ihyk iMÛ x;k FkkA ßrqe esjs fy;s ,slk gh djks D;ksfa d gels fcNqMÛh gqbZ gekjh ek¡ dks vU;Fkk
muds vaxksa ls ilhuk fudy jgk FkkA muds vUreZu esa tks O;Fkk Fkh] os mldks lq[k ugha feysxkAÞ
nckus esa vleFkZ gks x, FksA mudk rkRi;Z gS fd] ßesjh vkSj rqEgkjh ek¡ gekjs laj{k.k ds vHkko esa lq[kh u
vkg nq%[kkfHklarIrk fdfenkuhfena çHkksAA II.26.8 jg ldsxhAÞ vkxs py dj vki ns[ksxa s fd tc dksbZ vkSj dSd;s h ds fo"k; esa cksyrk
mUgsa bl voLFkk esa ns[k dj 'kksdlarIr lhrk cksyh] ßbl le; ;g vkidh gS] rks jke rqjUr dSd;s h dk i{k ysrs gSa vkSj dgrs gS]a ßmuds fy;s dksbZ vi'kCn
dSlh n'kk gS\Þ er fudkyksAÞ os pkgs muds fo"k; esa lUnsg Hkh djrs gks]a dnkfpr~~ muds fo"k; esa
vc eSa ,d&nwljs va'k ij vkrk gw ¡] tgk¡ dfo jke dks y{e.k ls cksyrk jke dh /kkj.kk vPNh Hkh u gksA lEHkor% os ekurs Fks] mudh deTÛkksjh dks le>
fn[kkrk gSA y{e.k jke ds lkFk ou tkuk pkgrs gSa vkSj jke dqN {k.kksa rd ç;kl ysus ij] os dSd;s h ds çfr fcYdqy uehZ dk #[Ûk viuk ldrs FksA os ;g Hkh le>rs
djrs gSa fd os #d tk;sAas dkj.k rks vki le> gh x, gksxa As ;g çlax mudh Fks fd dSd;s h vius fy, ugha vfirq vius fç; iq=] Hkjr ds fy;s {kE; ifjfLFkfr;ksa
ekuoh; deTÛkksjh dks HkyhHkk¡fr n'kkZrk gSA esa ,slk vkpj.k dj jgh gS] og Hkh fu;fr ds gkFkksa esa ukp jgh gSA bl çdkj dh NwV
os muds vkpj.k dh fuUnk djrs le; Hkh nsus dks rS;kj ga]S fdUrq vU; yksx
fLuX/kks /keZjrks ohj% lrra lRiFks fLFkr%A
lEHkor% ,slk u dj ldsA tc dHkh y{e.k us muls dgk] ßfN%! eSa rks dSd;s h ls
fç;% çk.kleks o';ks Hkzkrk pkfi l[kk p esAA II.31.10
?k`.kk djrk gw¡]Þ rks jke us rqjUr Vksd fn;k] ßugha] y{e.k] ,slk dguk mfpr
os y{e.k ls dgrs gSa] ßrqe esjs Lusgh] /keZijk;.k] /khj&ohj rFkk lnk
ughaAÞ blh çdkj tc os fdlh dks Hkjr dh vkykspuk djrs lqurs] rc os Hkjr dh
lUekxZ esa fLFkr jgus okys gksA rqe eq>s çk.kksa ds leku fç; gks rFkk esjs o'k esa jgus
Hkwfj&Hkwfj ç'kalk djrsA ijUrq] tc os Loxr Hkk"k.k djrs gSa ;k y{e.k ls] tks fd
okys gks] vkKk ikyd vkSj l[kk gksAÞ
muls fHkék ugha Fks] rc dqN gn rd mudks viuh vUr%Hkkoukvksa dks vfHkO;Dr
;g lc Hkwfedk Fkh mudks ogha ihNs NksMÛus ds fy;s] mudks jksdus ds fy;sA djus dk volj feyrk gS vkSj os ml le; viuh xgure Hkkouvksa dks O;Dr
e;k·| lg lkSfe=s Rof; xPNfr r}ue~A djrs gSAa
dks Hkfj";fr dkSlY;ka lqfe=ke~ ok ;'kfLouhaAA II.31.11 vc eSa ,d vkSj çlax mYys[k dj vkt dk çopu lekIr d:¡xkA ge
ß;fn ge nksuksa ds lkFk rqe ou dks pys tkvksx]s rks ekrk dkS'kY;k vkSj ns[krs gS]a foifÙk dk çgkj gksus ij vU; euq";ksa tSls vuqHko djrsA mUgksua s euq";ksa
lqfe=k dh lsok dkSu djsxk\Þ ij lUnsg fd;k] mUgksua s dSd;s h ij lUnsg fd;k] dqN lhek rd Hkjr ij Hkh lUnsg
vfHko"kZfr dkeS;%Z itZU;% i`fFkohfeoA fd;k&lc dqN gekjh gh Hkk¡frA vc eSa ,d çlax dk mYys[k djrk gw¡] ftlesa vki
l dkeik'ki;ZLrks egkrstk eghifr%AA II.31.12 ns[ksxa s fd jke dHkh&dHkh nwljksa ds lkFk fu"iki ifjgkl dk vkuUn Hkh ys ysrs FksA
,d f=tV uke fu/kZu czkã.k FkkA ,d vU; dFkk esa dqpy s k ds leku og Hkh viuh

iRuh ds vkxzg ij futh lgk;rk ds fy;s Jh jke ds ikl vk;k] ftl le; os pkjksa ml le; jktk n'kjFk] dkS'kY;k vkSj vU; tu egy ls ckgj fudy vk,] mudh
vksj viuh lEifÙk çtk dks nku dj jgs FksA mlus Jh jke ls fuosnu fd;k] Þvki vfUre >yd ds fy;sA o`¼ jktk n'kjFk us fpYykdj lqeU= ls dgk] ßBgjks!
bruk dqN nku dj jgs gS]a eSa ,d fu/kZu O;fDr gw¡] cgqr ls cky&cPpksa okyk gw¡A Bgjks!Þ fdUrq jke us dgk]
/kku ds nkuksa dks bdëk djuk esjh thou i¼fr gS] esjh thfodk dk ,d vk/kkj gSA fr"Bsfr jkt pqØks'k ;kfg ;kghfr jk?ko%A
esjk dke cMÛh dfBukbZ ls pyrk gSA esjk ifjokj cMÛk gSA D;k vki eq> ij Ïik lqeU=; cHkwokRek pØ;ksfjo pkUrjkAA II.40.46
djsxa \s ß tc Jh jke mlls dgrs gS]a ß;g tks rqEgkjk MaMk gS] mls gkFk esa yks vkSj ßpyks! pyks! gk¡dks] gk¡dksAÞ dfo dgrk gS] ml le; lqeU= ,sls vUr}ZU}
ogk¡ [kMÛs gksdj viuh iwjh 'kfDr ls mls Qsd a ksA ftruh nwj Hkh ftruh esjh xk;sa bl esa Q¡ls gq,] Fks tSls fd ,d euq"; tks jFk ds vkxs vkSj ihNs nks ifg;ksa ds chp Q¡lk
LFky vkSj ml LFky ds chp vk;sxa h] tgk¡ rd Hkh rqEgkjh ykBh igq¡prh gS] og lc gqvk gksA
rqEgkjh gks tk;sxas hAÞ rc jke dks ;g ns[kdj cMÛk vkuUn vk;k fd fdl çdkj]
os ugha tkurs Fks D;k fd;k tk;sA jke dh vksj mUeq[k gksdj cksy]s ßvkids
ekuks lglk FkksMÛs ls ykyp ls çsfjr gksdj] bl czkã.k us MaMs dks nks rhu ckj vius
firk th dh ,d vkKk gS vkSj vkidh nwljh loZFkk çfrdwyAÞ rc jke dgrs gS]a
flj ds Åij ls ?kqek;k vkSj viuh iwjh 'kfDr ls mls nwj Qsd a kA og lj;w ds nwljs
ßdnkfpr~~ rqEgsa Hk; gS] tc rqe eq>s ou esa NksMÛdj okil tkvksx]s rks o`¼ jktk
rV ij tk fxjhA bl çdkj rqjUr vfer i'kq/ku mlds gkFk yx x;kA os dgrs gS]a
dqfir gksxa ]s mudh vkKk ikyu u djus ds dkj.kAÞ
ßdnkfpr~~ eSaus rqEgkjs çfr dqN Hkko'kwU; O;ogkj fd;k] ijUrq jke us ;g lc
mldks ns fn;kA eSa rks ;g ns[kuk pkgrk Fkk fd eSa bldks fdlh vkSj <ax ls Hkh dj ukJkS"kfefr jktkueqikyC/kks·fi o{;flA
ldrk Fkk] rqe tSlk iryk&nqcyk czkã.k dqN /ku çkIr djus gsrq viuh 'kfDr fpja nq%[kL; ikfi"Bfefr jkeLreczohr~AA II.40.47
dk dSlk ç;ksx dj ldrk gSA eSa tkuuk pkgrk Fkk fd rqe viuh iwjh 'kfDr dk ßykSVus ij ;fn egkjkt vkKk u ekuus ij mykguk ns]a le> yks] rqEgsa D;k
ç;ksx dj ldrs gksA ;g mfpr u FkkA fcuk d"V fn, gh eq>s lgk;rk ns nsuh djuk pkfg,A dsoy bruk Hkj dg nsuk fd 'kksj xqy esa vkidh ckr ugha lqu
pkfg, FkhA {kek dhft,] eSa rks dqN fouksn rjax esa FkkAÞ ik;kAÞ
mokp p rrks jkeLra xkX;ZefelkURo;u~A Jh jke lR;ekxZ ls fopyu dh lQÛkbZ esa dgrs gSa %
eU;quZ [kyq dÙkZO;% ifjgklks á;a eeAA fpja nq%[kL; ikfi"Be~A
bna fg rstLro ;íqjR;;a rnso ftKkflrqfePNrk e;kA Þ>wB cksyus dk vkSfpR; gS fd jksu&s /kksus dks c<Ûkok nsuk ew[kZrk gSA 'kksd ds
bea HkokuFkZefHkçpksfnrks o`.kh"o fdapns ija O;oL;frAA II.32.40-41 foyki dks c<Ûkuk furkUr ew[kZrk gS vkSj vuFkZdkjh gSA blfy,] pys pyks]ß os
ßvkidk ;g tks nqyHZ ; rst gS] mlh dks tkuus dh bPNk ls eSua s vkidks MaMk dgrs gSAa çrhr gksrk gS fd jke dks ;g Hkko vPNk yxrk Fkk %
Qsda us ds fy, çsfjr fd;k Fkk] ;g ns[kus ds fy, vki viuh 'kfDr dk fdl gn fpja nq%[kL; ikfi"Be~A
rd ç;ksx dj ldrs gSa vkSj D;k ;g 'kfDr lnk vkids ikl esa jgrh gS\ vkidh
'kfDr çn'kZu ls eSa vR;Ur çlék gw¡A ;fn vki vkSj dqN pkgrs gS]a rks crkb;s] eq>s D;ksfa d dqN lxkZsa ds ckn Hkh mudks ;gh ckr dgrs ikrs gS]a tc mUgksua s ns[kk
vkidks nsus esa çlékrk gksxhAÞ cMÛh la[;k esa tuin ds yksx muds ihNs&ihNs vk jgs gSAa os fQj lqeU= ls dgrs
gS]a ßjFk dks nkSMÛk pyksAÞ tc tuin ds yksx foyki djrs gS]a rks Jh jke dgrs
ijUrq f=tV xxZ xks= dk FkkA og czkã.kksa dh ijEijk ds vuqlkj larks"kh FkkA gSa %
mls ,d ckj esa gh çHkwr /ku çkIr gks pqdk FkkA mlus dgk] ß;g i;kZIr gS] eSa çlék gwA¡ Þ fpja nq%[kL; ikih;% II.50.5
vc ,d çlax vkSj ysrk gw¡A vHkh geus ns[kk Jh jke ;nk&dnk Îkl&ifjgkl
mÙkekoLFkkokpd (ikfi"Be~) ds ctk;] okpd (ikih;%) fo'ks"k.k dk ç;ksx
Hkh dj ldrs FksA vc ge dqN fHkék çdkj dh mudh ,d fo'ks"krk ij vkrs gS]a tc
djrs gSAa
os jFk ij p<Û dj egy NksMÛ dj ou dh vksj çLFkku dj jgs FksA egy esa cgqr
jksuk&/kksuk gks jgk FkkA lqeU= jFk pyk jgs FksA os TÛkjk lh nwj vkxs c<Ûs gh Fks fd dqN vU; NksVh eksVh ckrsa Hkh gS]a dqN vYinks"k] ftuls ge bl fu"d"kZ ij
igq¡prs gSa fd ladV dh ?kMÛh esa jke dk vkpj.k fcYdqy gekjs tSlk gh gksrk FkkA

mudh ço`fÙk ladV ls ckgj fudyus ds fy;s lgtre ekxZ viukus dh FkhA ftl Lej.k dj] mlls Åij mBus dk ç;kl dj ldrk gSA pkgs lQyrk u Hkh feys]
le; Jh jke ou dh vksj tkus yxs] ml le; Jh jke ou dh vksj tkus yxsA ml ,d ç;kl vlQy gks] nks ç;kl vlQy gks]a rhljh ckj vkaf'kd lQyrk feysA
le; vusd v;ks/;koklh Hkh muds ihNs&ihNs py fn,A muesa ls cgqr ls czkã.k fdUrq] ç;kl pyrk jgs& pkSFkk] ik¡pok¡] vkSj blh çdkj gekjs thou pkgs {k.kHkaxjq
Hkh Fks] tks Kku] voLFkk vkSj rikscy rhuksa n`f"V;ksa ls iquhr FksA os cMÛs gB/kehZ ls gks]a os prq£nd ÅcMÛ&[kkcMÛ vkSj vlarks"ktud ifjfLFkfr;ksa ls vkc¼ gSAa fQj Hkh
muds ihNs&ihNs relk unh rd vk,] tgk¡ ls jke us ckn esa unh dks ikj fd;kA os os thou gS]a Lej.k jgs] Lo:i esa Jh jke ds thou ds leku ghA tc ge viuh
iqjoklh jkf= esa blh vksj lks,A tc ;s yksx fuækeXu gks x,] rc jke lqe=a ls deTÛkksfj;ksa ls tw> jgs gks]a rc ;fn ge Jh jke dk Lej.k djs]a rks tSlk fd eSua s
cksy]s ßvc rqe jFk ys tkdj mls mÙkj fn'kk dh vksj eksMÛ yks] ekuks rqe v;ks/;k igys dgk Fkk] dqN vYi ek=k esa gh lgh] viuh çÏfr dks vo'; mékr dj ldrs
ykSVus dk ç;Ru dj jgs gksA tc os cs[Ûkcj gks tk;s]a rqe nwljh fn'kk ls ykSV vkukA gSa vkSj viuk thou vf/kdrj vf/kd n`<Ûrk ls vkSj vf/kd lkFkZd cukdj thuk
eSa vkdj fey tkÅ¡xk vkSj rc ge muls vutku jkg ij nwj tk ldsxa As Þ bl lh[k ldrs gSaA
çdkj mudks Hkze esa Mkyus ds fy, mUgksua s ;s pky pyh] vU;Fkk muls ihNk NqMÛkuk
dfBu FkkA fu"Bk vkSj Lokeh HkfDr ls çsfjr iqjoklh n`<Û fu'p; Fks fd tc rd
jke mudh ckr eku ugha ysxa s vkSj ugha ykSV pyaxs ]s rc rd os fgysxa s ughaA ,slh
mudh vk'kk FkhA os Hkksys Hkkys lk/kkj.ktu! mudk rks lc dqN jke ds çfr le£ir
Fkk] ykSVkus dh bPNk djrs gq, os mudk ihNk dj jgs FksA vr,o] fdlh NksVh&eksVh
pky ls muls ihNk NqMÛkuk gh FkkA ;gh dqN mUgksua s lqe=a dks fl[kk;kA
bu 'kCnksa ds lkFk eSa vkt dk oDrO; lekIr djrk gw¡A bl fo"k; ij fQj
fopkj djsxa As jke rks vuUr vkSj vikj gSAa blfy;s os eq>s dkQÛh le; rd vius
ls layXu j[ksxa As eSa ç;kl d:¡xk eSa Hkh fdlh u fdlh çdkj muls ihNk NqMÛkÅ¡]
tSls fd mUgksua s ihNk djus okys mu czkã.kksa ls ihNk NqMÛk;k FkkA eSa mu çlaxksa dks
,d= djus dk ç;kl dj jgk gw¡] tgk¡ okYehfd us mUgsa bl :i esa çLrqr fd;k gS
fd ge mUgsa le> ldrs gSAa ;fn os loZnk mPpre Lrj ij gh jgrs] dHkh mlls
uhps u vkrs] ;fn mudh egkurk vxE; gksrh rks gekjs leku gksuk gh FkkA dqN
vU; çlax vkSj gS]a ftuesa ge vius vkSj jke ds chp J¼kHkko ;qDr gSAa bl
egkdkO; ds v/;;u dk ogha rd dqN ykHk gS] tgk¡ rd ;g gekjh çÏfr dks dqN
Å¡pk mBk lds] gekjh fuEu o`fÙk;ksa dks ijkftr djus esa lgk;rk ns lds vkSj tc
rd vkSj ftruh n`<Ûrk ds lkFk mPprj Lrj ij j[k ldsA gekjk eq[; ç;kstu gS]
;fn laHko gks] bl dkO; ls ,slh f'k{kk ysuk gS] tks gesa cqjkbZ ls vPNkbZ dh vksj ys
tk ldsA vr% vkxs ge mu çlaxksa dh ppkZ djsxa ]s tgk¡ ij jke vius ekuoh; xq.k
çn£'kr djrs gS]a bruh ek=k esa fd os HkfDr vkSj J¼k esa ck/kk igq¡pkus ds ctk;]
muds çfr gekjk vuqjkx vkSj xk<Ûk djrs gSa vkSj gesa ck/; djrs gSa muds lkFk
fudVrk ls vkc¼ gksus ds fy,A muds ekuoh; xq.k gh gesa çsfjr djrs gS]a pkgs y?kq
ifjek.k esa gh] viuh fuEu ço`fÙk;ksa ls viuh mPp ço`fÙk;ksa rd Åij mBus esAa
blh çdkj euq"; lq/kjrk gSA ,slk ugha gS fd euq"; lnk deTÛkksfj;ksa ls vNwrk
jgrk gS] fdUrq tc deTÛkksjh dk vkØe.k gksrk gS] og bu egku mnkgj.kksa dks
78 jkek;.k ds T;ksfr&LrEHk NBk v/;k; 79

v;ks/;k ykSVus esa vkukdkuh dh] jke cMÛh prqjkbZ ls dgrs gS]a tSlk fd vki rqjUr
le> ldrs gS]a ßlqeU= rqe le> yks] eSa rqEgsa D;ksa okil Hkst jgk gw¡A oSls rks
dkj.k dbZ gSAa eq[; ;g& gS esjh foekrk dSd;s h ,d fu"Bqj vkSj dBksj ân; L=h gSA
NBk v/;k; og fuf'pr :i ls tkuuk pkgsxh fd eSa lpeqp ou esa igq¡p x;k gw¡ ;k ughaA ;fn
jke mls blesa ys'kek= Hkh lUnsg gqvk] rks esjs firk th dk Hkxoku j{kd gSA mu ij
ladV dk igkMÛ VwV iMÛxs k vkSj mudks naM Hkksxuk iMÛxs kA ;fn rqe esjs fcuk ykSV
dj lc o`ÙkkUr lquk nksx]s rks lc dqN fujkin gks tk;sxkA rc dSd;s h le>
tk;sxs h fd esjs o`¼ firk us vius opuksa dks iwjk fd;k vkSj eSua s muds vkns'k dk
fiNyh ckj eSa jke }kjk vius çtktuksa ds lkFk dh xbZ ,d fu"diV pkykdh ikyu fd;kA vr,o] v;ks/;k esa gekjs fcuk rqEgkjh mifLFkfr firk th dh lqj{kk
dk mYys[k dj jgk FkkA fdl çdkj mu yksxksa dks] tks muds ihNs&ihNs vkuk pkgrs ds fy;s vfr vko';d gSAÞ
Fks] Hkjekus ds fy;s mUgksua s pdek fn;k] ekuks os v;ks/;k dh vksj okil pys x;s eSua s bl çlax dh ppkZ dsoy ;g n'kkZus ds fy;s dh gS fd ,d vkSj rks Jh
gks]a ftlls mUgsa irk gh u py lds fd okLro esa os fdl vksj x,A vkt dh ppkZ jke lalkj ds lkekU; euq";ksa ls brus Åij mBs gq, Fks fd mldk 'kh"kZ Å¡ps cknyksa
esa esjk igys fcUnq gksxk] ml lan's k dk lkjka'k] tks mUgksua s lqeU= dks fonk djrs esa Fkk] mRÏ"Vrk dh pje lhek ij yxHkx fnO;rk ds lehi igq¡p x;k Fkk] nwljh
le; fn;k fn;k FkkA lqe=a b{okdq dqy ds fo'oluh;] fu"Bkoku lkjFkh ,oa iqjkus vksj muds pj.k ;FkkFkZ dh Hkwfe ij eTÛkcwrh ls fVds gq, FksA frjiuos lxZ esa tc
vfHkdrkZ FksA os jke] y{e.k vkSj lhrk dk lkFk NksMÛuk ugha pkgrs FksA mUgksua s cgqr rhuksa fuokZflr tu xaxk unh dks ikj dj ,d fo'kky o`{k dh Nk;k esa viuk clsjk
vuqjks/k fd;k fd mUgsa Hkh lkFk NksMÛuk ugha pkgrs FksA mUgksua s cgqr vuqjks/k fd;k cuk ysrs gS]a igyh ckj lqeU= dh vuqifLFkfr esa vdsyk gksus ij Jh jke dqN {k.kksa
fd mUgsa Hkh lkFk jgus dh vuqefr feys] ftlls os mudh lsok djus dk volj ds fy;s viuk vkRe&la;e [kks cSBrs gSAa ml le; rd os cMÛs mÙkstuk Hkjs {k.kksa ls
çkIr dj ldsAa Jh jke us vusd dkj.k cryk dj le>k;k fd os ,slk djus esa xqTÛkj pqds FksA mudh mÙkstuk Hkjh Hkkouk;sa ijkdk"Bk ij igq¡p pqdh FkhaA lkjh
vleFkZ gSAa lqeU= dks v;ks/;k esa muds iqjkus fBdkus ds fy;s jokuk fd;k vkSj ,d nqfu;k dh vk¡[ksa mu ij FkhaA çyksHku mudks nckrs jgsA firk] xq#] ekrk rFkk vU;
cMÛk ;qfDr;qDr dkj.k Hkh crk;kA blls irk pyrk gS fd Jh jke nwljksa ds ân; yksxksa us ml ekxZ ls gVkus ds ç;kl fd,] ftldk pquko os dj pqds Fks vkSj ftls
dh Hkkoukvksa dks i<Û ldrs Fks& mudh Hkh] tks muls loZFkk fHkék FksA nwljs 'kCnksa es]a os lnkpkj dk ekxZ ekurs FksA tks Hkh mudh Hkkouk;sa Fkha] mu ij mUgksua s fu;U=.k
os ,sls yksxksa rd ds ân; dks igpku ldrs Fks] tks nq"V Fks vFkok os] ftudk muds j[kkA nqfu;k dh uTÛkj esa tks vge~ ckr trkuh Fkh] og ;g Fkh os ,d fir`&HkDr
lkFk dksbZ lkeatL; ugha FkkA muls dqN Hkh fNik u jgrk FkkA lkekU;r% yksx mUgha iq= Fks vkSj os vius firk dh e;kZnk dks cuk;s j[kuk pkgrs FksA mUgksua s viuk lc
dks vPNh rjg igpku ldrs gS]a tks muds gh tSls gks]a ftUgksua s mlh çdkj ds dqN nko ij yxk;k vkSj lc dqN [kks fn;k] dsoy blfy, fd firk dh eku&e;kZnk
vuqHkoksa dks >syk gks] ftudh eu%fLFkfr U;wukf/kd mUgha ds leku gksA tgk¡ cká v{kq..k jgsA tSlk fd eSa igys mYys[k dj pqdk gw¡] mUgksua s ;g Hkh fn[kkuk Fkk fd
ifjfLFkfr;k¡ cgqr fHkék gks]a ogk¡ fdlh dks nwljs O;fDr dks le>uk dfBu gksrk gS] cká ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds dkj.k mFky&iqFky gqb]Z muds fy,] vFkok mudh HkkX;y{eh
tc rd le>us okyk vlk/kkj.kr;k prqj u gksA rfeGÛ esa ,d dgkor gS] ß,d ds fy;s] mlls muesa fdlh çdkj dh mnklh ;k fujk'kk ugha vk;h] u gh nqHkkZX; ds
lk¡i gh nwljs lk¡i dks tku ldrk gSAÞ ;g lqifjfpr fl¼kUr gSA bl fopkj dks dkj.k mudh lejlrk vkSj fLFkrçKrk esa dksbZ fo?u ck/kk iMÛhA mUgksasus ;g
;fn osnkUr ds mnkÙk {ks= rd ys tk;s¡] rks Hkkookpd Hkk"kk esa bls çk;% çs{kd vkSj fn[kyk;k fd cqjh ls cqjh n'kk Hkh ml fLFkrn`<Û fu'py ifo=&ikou O;fDrRo dks
çsf{kr dks dgdj o£.kr fd;k tkrk gSA dgha&dgha bldks çs{kd vkSj çsf{kr dk fgyk u ldhA ;fn dksbZ oLrq mUgsa çHkkfor djus dh {kerk j[krh Fkh] rks oLrqr%
rknkRE; Hkh dgk tkrk gSA oLrqfLFkfr rks ;g gS fd ,d lh/ks lkns Hkksy&s Hkkys og mPpre gh gks ldrh FkhA lalkj dh {kqæ oLrq;&as tSls lkezkT;] eku] çfr"Bk&
O;fDr dks] tks nqfu;knkjh ls iw.kZr;k ifjfpr ugha gS] ,sls n`f"Vdks.k dks le>us esa budh mUgsa ijokg ugha FkhA eku&lEeku ls esjk vk'k; gS] inohA ;g Fkh mudh
dqN dfBukbZ gksxh] tks mlds vius futh LoHkko ds çfrdwy gksA tc lqeU= us Hkwfedk] mu Dys'kdj {k.kksa dh vof/k es]as tks mUgksua s v;ks/;k essa ,oa xaxk rV rd
lqeU= ds lax ;k=k esa O;rhr fd, FksA tc os lhrk vkSj y{e.k ds lkFk jg x;s
78

vkSj vU; ogk¡ dksbZ u Fkk] rc tks dqN fu;a=.k mUgksua s vius Åij j[ks gq, Fks] os dks áfo}kufi iqeku~ çenk;k% Ñrs R;tsrA~
Hkax gks x,A {k.k Hkj ds fy;s os Lo;a ls layki djus yxs D;ksfa d tSlk fd vki NUnkuqforZua iq=a rkrks ekfeo y{e.kAA II.53.10
le> ldrs gS]a y{e.k vkSj lhrk dh mifLFkfr muds ,dkdhiu esa dksbZ ck/kk ugha ßeSa dksbZ lk/kkj.k iq= ugha gw¡] vkKkdkjh iq= gw¡] ftls dksbZ Hkh firk vius
igq¡pkrh FkhA mUgsa ekuks Loxr dFku ds fy, vodk'k Hkh FkkA bl ekxZ ds vf/kdka'k lehi gh LFkku nsuk pkgsxkA ijUrq firk th us ftl çdkj eq>s R;kx fn;k gS] ml
esa bldk o.kZu gS] fdl çdkj mUgksua s viuh futh Hkkoukvksa dks O;Dr fd;k] fcuk çdkj vK gksus ij Hkh dkSu lk iq#"k ,slk gksxk] tks ,d L=h ds eksg vkSj ncko ds
vkRela;e ds] furkUr /;ku fn;s fd y{e.k lqu Hkh jgs gS ;k ughaA lhrk cMÛs / dkj.k vius vkKkdkjh iq= dk ifjR;kx dj nsAÞ
;ku ls lqurh jghaA çR;{kr% 'kCn y{e.k dks lacksf/kr djrs gq, fudy jgs FksA lq[kh cr lHkk;Z'p Hkjr% dSds;hlqr%A
ysfdu D;ksfa d y{e.k es]a çrhdkRed :i ls Hkh vf/kd mudk viuk va'k Fkk] ge eqfnrku~ dkslykusdks ;ks Hkks{;R;f/kjktor~AA II.53.11
;g eku ysa fd mudk Hkk"k.k vius gh dks FkkA esjk /;ku dqN 'yksdksa ij x;k] vc os Hkjr ds fo"k; esa Hkh lksprs gSAa os Hkjr vkSj vius esa vUrj crkrs gS]a
ftudk vk'k; cgqr xEHkhj gSA os] tks ge dg ldrs gS]a ml egku O;fDrRo ds] ßeSua s rks viuk lc dqN [kks fn;k] viuh iRuh vkSj fç; HkkbZ lfgr nwj ou esa pyk
ftldk v/;;u ge dj jgs gSa] ,d fo'ks"k igyw dks le>us ds fy;s cgqr vk;k gw¡A Hkjr jktxíh /kkj.k dj dkSly ij jkT; djsxk vkSj viuh iRuh lfgr
vko';d gSAa fo'ks"k ckr rks ;g gS fd ;s 'yksd ;g n'kkZrk gS fd lkekU; euq"; ds jkT; Hkksxxs kA muds ikl viuh jkuh gksxhAÞ
leku Hkkoukvksa dk m}sx Jh jke esa Hkh Fkk vkSj xgu HkkoukRed lekurk gekjs ls
;gk¡ /;ku nsus dh ckr gSA ;gh ,d ,slk LFkku gS] tgk¡ fdlh vU; HkkbZ dh
Fkh vkSj lkekU; ckrsa mUgas Hkh lkekU; :i ls gh çHkkfor djrh FkhaA fdUrq] tc
iRuh dh vksj ladrs fd;k x;k gSA og Hkh uke ls ugha dsoy 'kCn ^Hkk;kZ* }kjk ghA
dke djus dk le; vkrk Fkk] rks mudk <ax vU; O;fDr;ksa ds <ax ls foijhr gksrk
fdlh Hkh vU; LFkku esa dfo us vU; O;fDr;ksa dh vksj ladrs ugha fd;k gSA
FkkA
l fg loZL; jkT;L; lq[kesda Hkfo";frA
Ñrdkek rq dSd; s h rq"Vk HkforqegZfrA
rkrs p o;lkrhrs ef; pkj.;ekfLFkrsAA II.53.12
lk fg nsoh egkjkta dSd; s h jkT;dkj.kkr~A
ßfirk th vR;Ur o`¼ gks x, gSAa vr,o] jkT;dkt esa Hkkx ugha ys ldrsA
vfi u P;ko;sRçk.kku~ n`"V~ok Hkjrekxre~AA II.53.6,7
,slh n'kk esa Hkjr gh leLr jkT; ds lq[k dk miHkksx djsxkA og gh lezkV gksxk
ßvc dSd;s h lQy euksjFk gksus ls cgqr lar"q V gksxh] fu'p; gh cgqr çlék
vkSj v;ks/;kokfl;ksa dk HkkX;fo/kkrk gksxkAÞ
gksxhA gks ldrk gS] Hkjr dks v;ks/;k esa vk;k ns[kdj mldh egRokdka{kk c<Û tk;sA
vius iq= dks ;qojkt cukus ds ctk;] lezkV cukus dk fopkj Hkh mlds fnekxÛ esa vFkZ/kekSZ ifjR;T; ;% dkeeuqorZrAs
vk ldrk gSA dgha ,slk u gks] esjs firk ds thou ls f[kyokMÛ djsAÞ ,oeki|rs f{kça jktk n'kjFkks ;FkkAA II.53.13
;s 'kCn Hkjr ds fy, vR;Ur nqHkkZoiw.kZ gSAa ßtks /keZ vkSj vFkZ dk ifjR;kx
'yksd dk vFkZ gS] ßdgha egkjkt dks ekj u MkysAÞ
djds dsoy dke dk vuqlj.k djsxk] og mlh çdkj 'kh?kz gh vkifÙk esa iMÛxs k]
vukFk'p fg o`)'p e;k pSo foukÑr%A tSls esjs firk egkjkt n'kjFkAÞ
fda dfj";fr dkekRek dSd¸s ;k o'kekxr%AA II.53.8
ladrs gS] ;fn Hkjr viuh HkkX;y{eh ds miHkksx esa gh eXu jgsxk] rks mldh
ßbl o`¼] iax]q vlgk;] esjs fcuk vjf{kr] dSd;s h ds dkeik'k ls çsekU/k
Hkh ogh xfr gksxh] tSlh esjs firk th dh gqbZ gSA
O;fDr dh u tkus D;k n'kk gksxh\Þ
ban O;luekyksD; jkK'p efrfoHkzee~A vihnkuha u dSds;h lkSHkkX;eneksfgrkA
dke ,okFkZ/kekZH;ka xjh;kfufr esa efr%AA II.53.10 dkSlY;ka p lqfe=ka p laçck/ksr eRÑrsAA II.53.15
ßeq>dks ns[kdj çrhr gksrk gS fd jktk dh efr HkzkfUr rhuksa iq#"kkFkZ& /keZ] vius firk vkSj HkkbZ ds çfr ;g lc dqN dgdj vc os foekrk dSd;s h ds
vFkZ vkSj dke es]a dsoy dke dk gh xkSjo vf/kd gS vkSj vf/kd /keZ vkSj vFkZ] çfr mUeq[k gksrs gSAa ßlkSHkkX; ds en ls eksfgr gqbZ dSd;s h ;g Lej.k djds fd
dke ls uhps gSAa Þ dkS'kY;k vkSj lqfe=k eq>s fdruk I;kj djrh gS]a os eq>ls fcNqMÛuk ugha pkgrh Fkh]

fdl çdkj mUgksua s esjk i{k fy;k] o`¼ jktk ls rdZ&fordZ fd;kA og mu nksuksa dks v;ks/;k dks okil ysus ds dk;ks± ds fy, d:¡] rks og loZFkk vuqfpr dk;Z gksxkA
lq[k pSu ls jgus u nsxh] mudks d"V igq¡pk ldrh gSAÞ blhfy, eSa ,slk ugha d:¡xkA ;g u lkspks fd eSa vleFkZ gw¡AÞ ekuks os Lo;a dks gh
{kqædekZ fg dSd; s h }s"kknU;k¸;ekpjsrA~ Lej.k djk jgs gSAa
ifjn|k fg /keZKs Hkjrs ee ekrje~AA II.53.18 v/keZHk;Hkhr'p ijyksdL; pku?kA
ßog L=h dSd;s h cMÛh [kksVs deZ okyh gS] pfj= foghu gSA og xÛyr dke Hkh rsu y{e.k uk|kgekRekuefHk"ksp;sAA II.53.26
dj ldrh gSA og rqEgkjh vkSj esjh ek¡ dks fo"k Hkh ns ldrh gSAÞ ßeSa firk n'kjFk vkSj vU; lcdks ,d vksj djds v;ks/;k ds jkT; ij
nsf[k,] nch gqbZ dq.Bk;sa fdl çdkj dh fofp= Hkkoukvksa dk çn'kZu djrh viuk vfHk"ksd djk ldrk Fkk] ijUrq eSua s ,slk D;ksa ugha fd;k\ eSa nqjkpkj ls Mjrk
gSAa ;g lc dqN Jh jke dh okLrfod çÏfr ds vuqdy w ugha gSA dkQÛh yEcs gw¡] blfy;s vius rqPN ykHk ds fy;s ,slk dqN ugha gksus fn;kAÞ
vUrjky rd cká fn[kkos ds fy;s mUgsa ;g lc dqN vfHku; djuk iMÛk] ckotwn vfr mÙke] lk/kq] fu"diV] lnkpkjh] /keZijk;.k O;fDr esa bl çdkj dh
mUgsa ,d&,d mPp Hkwfedk dk vfHku;] foifÙk;ksa ds foijhr lkgliw.kZ eq[kkÏfr fu"Bk gksxh ghA
cukuh iMÛh] leLr tuksa ds çfr mPpre dÙkZO; dk Lej.k vkSj ifjikyu djuk ,rnU;Pp d:.ka foyI; fotus ousA
iMÛkA os ,d Hkkjh ncko] vlá uSfrd ncko ds uhps jgs FksA tc os vius vkidks vJqi.w kZe[
q kks jkeks fuf'k rw".kheqikfo'kr~AA II.53.27
mu nckoksa ls eqDr ikrs gS]a rks os vius bl cká Nn~eos'k dks mrkj dj Qsd a nsrs bl çdkj ds mn~xkj O;Dr dj os f'kfFky gks x;sA nq%[k Hkjs vJqikr dj
gS]a tks mUgksua s vc rd /kkj.k fd;k gqvk Fkk] rc mudh okLrfod çÏfr dh ,d mUgksua s jkf= pqipki [Ûkkeks'kh esa O;rhr dhA bl çdkj viuh çÏfr dh {kqæ vkSj
ço`fÙk ckgj QwV iMÛrh gS] og ço`fÙk tks mUgsa ge lcds gh le:i cuk nsrh gSA fuEu o`fÙk;ksa dks ekuks mtkxj dj ekSu /kkj.k dj fy;kA 'ks"k jkf= mUgksua s euu&
;gh ço`fÙk muls ,slh vlk/kkj.k vkSj vçR;kf'kr ckrsa mxyokrh gSA bu 'yksdksa dks fpUru esa O;rhr dhA
i<Ûus ds i'pkr~ eSa ,d fVIi.kh djuk pkgrk gw¡A
lEHkor% vki yksxksa esa ls dqN ds eu esa ,d 'kadk mRiék gks ldrh gS]
,dks áge;ks/;ka p i`fFkoha pkfi y{e.kA ftldk lek/kku eSa ;gk¡ djuk mfpr le>rk gw¡A TÛkjk çrh{kk dhft,A ;g ,d
rjs;fe"kqfHk% Øq)ks uuq oh;Zedkj.ke~AA II.53.25 /kekZ/keZ dk fopkj vkSj rdZ dk fo"k; gSA vkiesa ls vf/kdka'k vuqHkoh O;fDr gSAa
ßy{e.k! rqe eq>s D;k le>rs gks\ rqe esjh 'kfDr ls ifjfpr gks] esjs nqfu;k ds iq#"k&fL=;ksa ds vkpkj&O;ogkj ls HkyhHkk¡fr ifjfpr gSaA dnkfpr~
ijkØe dks tkurs gks] esjs 'kkS;Z dk rqEgsa irk gSA ;fn eSa Øks/k esa vk tkÅ¡] rks vius dksb&Z dksbZ rdZ esa Hkh lqfoK gksxa As vkidh dYiuk esa ;g ç'u vk ldrs gSa fd D;k
ck.kksa }kjk vdsyk gh v;ks/;kiqjh rFkk leLr HkweMa y dks fu"daVd cukdj vius okLro esa Jh jke esa Hkh mPp vkSj fuEu ço`fÙk;k¡ Fkha\ çk;% tc mudh mPp Lrj
vf/kdkj esa dj ldrk gw¡A eSa vius N= ds uhps lEiw.kZ olqU/kjk dks lesVus dh ço`fÙk dk çkcY; gksrk Fkk] og mudks Å¡pk mBk, j[krh Fkh] lk/kkj.k ekuork dh
{kerk j[krk gw¡] fdUrq ikjykSfdd fgr lk/ku esa cy] ijkØe dk ç;ksx ugha djuk igq¡p ds cgqr ÅijA blus mudks] vius le; esa vkSj ckn esa Hkh] lcds fy;s J¼k
pkfg,A vr,o] eSa ,slk ugha d:¡xkAÞ vkSj HkfDr dk ik= cuk fn;kA ;g mPp çÏfr euq"; tkfr dh lqf'k{kk vkSj uSfrd
mUgsa viuh 'kfDr dh {kerk dk Lej.k gksrk gSA ;g Hkh Lej.k gksrk gS fd mékfr ds fy;s cgqr vk'p;Ztud cgqQyçn <ax ls vfHkO;Dr gqbAZ nwljh vksj
;fn os pkgsa] D;k dqN dj ldrs gSaA rkRi;Z ;g gS fd pkgs mUgksaus viuh vkiesa ls dqN yksx ;g Hkh ç'u mBk ldrs gS]a ßD;k mudh çÏfr esa dksbZ nwljk
ladYi'kfDr ek= ls viuh bPNkvksa dk neu dj fy;k Fkk] viuh çÏfr ds fuEurj igyw Hkh Fkk\ D;k mudh lajpuk esa Hkh dksbZ ,slk rÙo Fkk\Þ gk¡] vo';!
vf/kd fuEu LokFkZ igyqvksa ij fot; çkIr dj yh Fkh vkSj ou dks pys vk;s vkSj ;g lp gS] tSlk fd gekjs esa gksrk gSA vkSj esa bl çopu ekyk ds vkjEHk ls gh eSa
os dqN Hkh ,slk ugha dj jgs Fks] tks fd os dj ldrs Fks] mls Hkh gfFk;k ugha jgs Fks] bl fcUnq ij fo'ks"k cy nsrk vk jgk gw¡A vusd ckj eSua s fn[kk;k Hkh gS fd *okYehfd
tks os gfFk;k ldrs Fks] ;fn mudh bPNk ys'kek= Hkh ,slh gksrhA ûuq oh;Zedkj.ke* jkek;.k^ esa lqLi"V ladrs gS fd Jh jke esa Hkh ogh ekuoh; rÙo fo|eku Fkk] tks
dk rkRi;Z gS] ßeq>s yksd lkeF;Z çkIr gS] og U;k;fo#¼ vuqfpr dk;Z djus ds mHk;fu"B gSA vc vki viuh 'kadk dks bl :i esa iwN ldrs gS]a tks eSa vkids
fy;s ugha] ijUrq mfpr dk;Z djus ds fy;s gSA ;fn eSa viuh 'kfDr dk ç;ksx

lkeus j[krk gw¡A mldk lek/kku nsus dk ç;kl Hkh d:¡xkA mldks vki Bhd&Bhd çfrdwy gSA Jh jke vkSj <ksxa h esa ,d ckgjh lekurk gksrs gq, Hkh okLrfodrk bl
le>sAa eq>s iw.kZ fo'okl gS fd tks eSa le> ik;k gw¡] og lp gh gSA rF; dks Li"V djrh gS fd mPprj rÙo gh Jh jke dh ewy çÏfr FkkA mudh
ç'u ;g gks ldrk gS fd ge mu O;fDr;ksa ds fo"k; esa D;k dgs]a ftudh çÏfr dk fuEu rÙo dsoy fpidk gqvk Fkk] D;ksfa d os lk/kkj.k euq";ksa ds chp
nksgjh çÏfr gksrh gS] ,d mPp vkSj nwljh fuEu\ fuEu çÏfr dks vius rd gh vk;s] ,d euq"; Fks] vkSj euq";ksa ds chp mudh xfr Hkh euq";ksa ds leku gh FkhA
j[krs gS]a ekuks viuh laxh&lkfFk;ksa dh n`f"V ls fNik dj vkSj mudks viuh çÏfr ,d NksVs ls fcUnq gh ij mudh gekjs lkFk ltkrh;rk FkhA NksVh eksVh ckrs]a tks gesa
dk mPprj va'k gh çn£'kr djrs gSAa ,sls O;fDr;ksa ds fy;s naHkh] ik[kaMh dh laKk çHkkfor djrh gS]a fu;af=r djrh gS]a mudks Hkh os çHkkfor djrh FkhaA ijUrq os mu
ns ldrs gSaA gS u ;gh ckr\ ;g uke lkekU;r% ge ,sls O;fDr;ksa ds fy;s ç;ksx esa ij 'kklu u dj ldha vkSj mu ij gkoh u gks ldhaA ijUrq Jh jke us mu ij 'kklu
ykrs gS]a tks ân; ls dyqf"kr] vkpkj O;ogkj esa fuEu dksfV ds gksrs gSAa fdUrq] fd;kA ;gh Hkkjh vUrj gS] vfr vko';d fHkékrk gS] tks Jh jke vkSj gekjs tSls
ckgjh nqfu;k dks fn[kkus ds fy, ekuks cMÛk oknkU;] mnkj&ân; vkSj egku R;kxh euq"; ds chp ,d Hkkjh fodkl dh vR;f/kd xq.kkRed fHkékrk ds :i esa fo|eku
:i fn[kkrs gSAa os nqfu;k ds le{k ml okLrfodrk ls] ftldks os fNikrs gS]a csgrj gSA
:i çn£'kr djrs gSAa ,sls O;fDr;ksa dks ge ik[kaMh dgrs gSAa vc rd tks eSua s dgk bruk dg dj eSa ,d vU; dqN fHkék çdkj dh ?kVuk dk mYys[k djrk gw¡]
vkSj tSlk dfo us Hkh dgk gS] bl vk/kkj ij Jh jke dks Hkh ik[kaMh dh fuUnuh; ftlls irk pysxk fd Jh jke esa gekjs leku gh ,d vU; fo'ks"krk Hkh FkhA muesa
Js.kh esa j[kk tk ldrk gS D;ksfa d os Hkh viuh fuEu çÏfr dks] viuh LokFkZijk;.k ,d ,slk xq.k Hkh Fkk] ftldh fuUnk djus dk dksbZ dkj.k ugha gS vkSj ftldk
çÏfr dks fNik;s j[krs Fks] fdlh dks çn£'kr ugha djrs Fks] dsoy vius rd gh mYys[k eSa igys Hkh dj pqdk gw¡A dHkh&dHkh dqN FkksMÛs fouksn dk vkuUn ysuk Hkh
j[krs FksA viuh çÏfr dk mPprj va'k gh os ckgj çn£'kr djrs FksA ijUrq rF; mUgsa vPNk yxrk Fkk] tSls fd f=tV ds lUnHkZ esAa mUgksua s ml o`¼ ds lkFk etÛkd
;g gS fd Jh jke dk pfj= ik[kaMh dh çÏfr ls loZFkk foijhr gSA eSa pkgrk gw¡] fd;k vkSj tc ukVd lekIr gks x;k] mUgsa iNrkok gqvk vkSj mlls cksy]s ßHkbZ] eSa
vki bl rF; dks HkyhHkk¡fr le>sAa ;fn muesa Hkh bl fefJr va'k ds rÙo fo|eku rks dsoy eTÛkkdÛ dj jgk FkkA eSa le>rk gw¡ blls rqEgsa dksbZ {kfr ugha igq¡phA ;fn
gS] rks mlesa ys'kek= Hkh fo"kSyk va'k ugha gSA ,d lkekU; ik[kaMh ds fo"k; esa rks rqEgsa dksbZ vkSj bPNk gks] rks ek¡x yksAÞ ijUrq og czkã.k rks larks"k dk ewÙkZ :i Fkk
dgk tk ldrk gS fd mPprj va'k] tks og ckgj çn£'kr djrk gS] og mldh mlus vkSj dqN u ek¡xkA
çÏfr ls esy ugha [kkrk] og /kkj.k fd;k gqvk gS] dsoy <ksxa gS] ml volj ds vc eSa vj.; dkaM ij vkrk gw¡] tgk¡ mudh HksaV 'kwiZ.k[kk ls gksrh gSA
fy, m/kkj fy;k gqvk gSA <ksxa h viuh fuEu çÏfr ls ykHk mBkrk gS] ijUrq xqIr 'kwi.Z k[kk dk vkxeu mu rhu O;fDr;ksa dh nqfu;k esa ,d LiUnu mRiék dj nsrk
:i lsA mldh mPprj çÏfr] tks mlds vlaxr gS] dsoy Åij ls vks<Ûh gqbZ gksrh gSA og mu rhu O;fDr;ksa ds chp ,d fodjky] dq:i] Mjkous çk.kh ds :i esa
gS] dsoy ,d cká ycknk gS] nqfu;k dh vk¡[kksa esa /kwy >ksd a us ds fy,] nqfu;k dh çdV gksrh gSA rRi'pkr~ gkL;&fouksn dk ,d eTÛkns kj n`'; ?kfVr gksrk gSA ,slk
vk¡[kksa esa /kwy >ksd
a us ds fy,] blfy;s fd og viuh okLfro fuEu çØfr esa lfØ; çrhr gksrk gS] dfo Lo;a Hkh bl pViVs n`'; dk vkuUn ys jgk gSA vr,o% ge Hkh
gksdj cqjs o nq"V dk;Z dj lds]vius O;fDrxr LokFkZ ds fy;sA ;fn FkksMÛk&lk vkeksn&çeksn dk vkuUn ywV ys]a dnkfpr~~ v{kE; u gksxkA dfo ds
Jh jke dh vksj n`f"Vikr djsAa mudh fuEu çÏfr u dsoy vçR;{k Fkh] vkuUn dk blls irk pyrk gS fd mlus jke vkSj muds lkeus cSBh 'kwi.Z k[kk dk
oju~ mldk neu dj fn;k x;k Fkk] ml ij mUgksua s fot; çkIr dj yh FkhA ;g oS"kE; vko';drk ls vf/kd foLrkj ls o.kZu fd;k gSA dfo dk vkuUn Lokn
mUgksua s dksbZ Hkh dke vius futh LokFkZ ds fy;s ugha fd;k] dnkfi ugha fd;kA LokFkZ cMÛh vPNh çdkj çn£'kr gksrk gS] tc 'kwi.Z k[kk jke ls çse çn'kZu djrh gSA çse
Hkkouk dks mUgksua s v/keZ ekuk] uSfrd cy ç;ksx ls mls nck fn;k x;k vkSj mlls djus ds fy;s dSlh ;qxy tksMÛh\ eSa ;g 'yksd bl çlax esa i<Ûrk gw¡ %
os cgqr Åij mB x,A tks dk;Z mUgksua s fd,] ftl çdkj dk vkpj.k mudk jgk] lqe[q ka nqe[
Zq kh jkea o`Ùke/;a egksnjhA
tks okLrfod :i ls nqfu;k ds lkeus vk;k] og oLrqr% mudh mPprj çÏfr FkhA fo'kkyk{ka fo#ik{kh lqd's ka rkeze/w kZtkAA
tks dqN lS¼kfUrd :i ls fd;k] mls O;kogkfjd :i esa dk;kZfUor fd;kA mudh çhfr:ia fo#ik lk lqLoja HkSjoLojkA
mPprj çÏfr dh çsj.kk;sa vkSj muds fnO; rÙo ckj&ckj çn£'kr gksrs gS]a fujk r:.ka nk:.kk o`)k nf{k.ka okeHkkf"k.khAA III.17.10-11
ekuoh; rÙo dqpy fn;k x;k gSA ;g fdlh <ksxa h O;fDr dh dk;Z 'kSyh ls loZFkk

Jh jke dk eq[k lqUnj Fkk vkSj 'kwi.Z k[kk dk Hkík vkSj dq:i] mudk dfV çHkkfor gw¡ vkSj rqEgsa ifr :i esa /kkj.k djuk pkgrh gw¡A esjs lkFk pyks] eSa rqEgssa
çns'k {kh.k vkSj 'kwi.Z k[kk dk csMkSy] mudh vk¡[ksa cMÛh ,oa euksgj] ysfdu 'kwi.Z k[kk cU/ku ls eqDr dj nw¡xhA Li"V gS] bl le; rqe cU/ku esa gksA eSa rqEgsa eqDr dj
ds us= dq:i vkSj MjkousA Jh jke ds ds'k fpdus vkSj lqUnj fdUrq 'kwi.Z k[kk ds nw¡xhA eSa y{e.k dks ,d xzkl esa Hk{k yw¡xh vkSj lhrk dks nwljs xzkl esAa bl çdkj
rk¡cs tSls yky&ykyA Jh jke dk :i cMÛk I;kjk vkSj 'kwi.Z k[kk dk ohHkRl vkSj rqEgkjh vMÛpus nwj gks tkus ij rqe vkSj eSa bl ou esa fogkj djrs gq, th Hkj dj
fodjkyA mudk Loj e/kqj vkSjs jk{klh dk vkSj HkSjoukn okyk] MjkoukA ;gk¡ eSa euksokafNr vkuUn dk miHkksx dj ldrs gSAa Þ Jh jke dks yxk fd ifjfLFkfr dqN
dfo dh okd~çkS<Ûrk dh vksj /;ku fnykuk pkgrk gw¡] ;g vfHkO;atuk flf¼] tks gkL;tud eksMÛ ys jgh gSA muds eu esa dqN gkL;&fouksn dk vkuUn ysus dk
lgt gh mls çkIr gSA ^nf{k.ka okeHkf"k.kh* dks nsf[k,A esjk vuqeku gS fd bldk fopkj vk;kA ijUrq bl LFkku ij eSa vf/kd /;ku jke }kjk Lo;a ds pfj=&fp=.k
ç;ksx 'kkfCnd vFkZ esa fd;k x;k gSA ^nf{k.k* dk vFkZ gS] fo'kky ân;] mnkjA dh vksj fnykuk pkgrk gw¡] tks fd bl lUnHkZ esa 'kadkLin gks tkrk gSA Jh jke
ôke* dk vFkZ gS] nq"V] nqjkpkjhA nf{k.k vkSj oke 'kCn dh fo"kerk dh xbZ gS] og fdf"dU/kk dkaM esa nks ckj lqxhz o ls dgrs gSa %
bruh muds çrhdkRed :i esa ugha gS] ftruh ewykFkZd :i esAa vu`r uksDriwo± es ohj ÑPNª·s fi fr"BrkA
U;k;o`Ùka lqnoq Ù`Z kk fç;efç;n'kZukA III.17.12 /keZyksHkijhrsu u p o{;s dFkapuAA IV.14.14,15
;s U;k;ksfpr lnkpkj dk ikyu djus okys Fks vkSj og vR;Ur nqjkpkfj.kh ßcgqr le; ls ladV >syrs jgus ij Hkh eSua s dHkh >wB ugha cksyk gS] esjs eu
FkhA Jh jke ns[kus esa I;kjs yxrs Fks vkSj 'kwi.Z k[kk dks ns[krs gh ?k`.kk mRiUu gksrh esa /keZ dk yksHk gSA blfy, fdlh rjg eSa >wB rks cksy¡wxk gh ughaA lkFk gh ;gk¡ eSa
FkhA Jh jke dh rqyuk 'kwiZ.k[kk ls dh tk,] dksbZ Hkh ;g ilUn ugha djsxkA opu nsrk gw¡] çfrKk djrk gw¡AÞ
lekurk dk rks dksbZ fcUnq gh uTÛkj ugha vkrk] rFkkfi dfo us iwjk vkuUn ysrs gq, ;fn bu 'kCnksa dks v{kj'k% lR; ys]a rks vo'; gh dqN vk'p;Z gksxk ;g
lqç;qDr 'kCnksa dh Ük`[a kyk }kjk nksuksa dk oS"kE; cMÛs dkS'ky ls vfHkO;Dr fd;k gSA ns[kdj fd Jh jke bl eUncqf¼ L=h 'kwi.Z k[kk }kjk dqN gkL;&fouksn dk vkuUn
tc 'kwi.Z k[kk ogk¡ igq¡ph] mlus Jh jke ls iwNk] ßgekjs {ks= esa pys vkus okys rqe ysus dk ç;kl djrs gSAa os 'kwi.Z k[kk ls dgrs gSa %
dkSu gks\ ;g esjs HkkbZ dk vf/kÏr {ks= gS] rqe ;gk¡ dSl\s Þ rRi'pkr~ dfo Jh jke vuqtLRos"k es Hkzkrk 'khyoku~ fç;n'kZu%A
dh Hkwfj&Hkwfj ç'kalk djuk vkjEHk dj nsrk gSA JhekuÑrnkj'p y{e.kks uke oh;Zoku~AA
_`tc
q fq )r;k loZek[;krqeiq pØesA viwohZ Hkk;Z;k pkFkhZ r:.k% fç;n'kZu%A
vu`ra u fg jkeL; dnkfpnfi lEere~AA III.17.15 vuq#i'p rs HkrkZ #iL;kL; Hkfo";frAA III.18.3,4
Jh jke fu"diV Li"Voknh O;fDr FksA dqfVy] NydiV dh ckr muds eu bu 'kCnksa dk Jh jke us 'kwi.Z k[kk ls okrkZyki djrs le; ç;ksx fd;kA tÛjk
esa ugha vk ldrh Fkh] ;|fi os vU; tuksa ds Ny&diV dks le> ldrs FksA os nsf[k,] os D;k&D;k dgrs gSa\ ß;g ^vuqt%* gS& eq>ls NksVk; ^'khyoku*~ gS& ,d
viuk vkSj HkkbZ] y{e.k vkSj lhrk dk ifjp; nsuk vkjEHk dj nsrs gSa fd os dkSu Hkæiq#"k] fç;n'kZu% gS& lqUnj; ^vÏrnkj%^ gS& vfookfgrA mUgksua s vHkh rd iRuh
Fks vkSj os D;ksa lhrk vkSj HkkbZ ds lkFk ou esa vk,A mUgksua s viuh dgkuh lekIr dk lkgp;Z ugha fd;k gSA fL=;ksa ds lkFk mudk vHkh rd TÛ;knk lEidZ Hkh ugha
dhA ijUrq dfo ;gk¡ vkxs tksMÛrk gS] ^vu`ra u fg jeL; dnkfpnfi lEere~A* dfo jgk gSA mudh bPNk Hkh gS] ^viwohZ Hkk;kZ pkFkhZ*A rqe ,d lqUnj euksgj L=h gks] rqe
Jh jke dh lR;okfnrk dks ljkgrk gSA Jh jke lR;fu"B egkekuo Fks] gj ckr esa nksuksa dh tksMÛh cf<Û;k jgsxhA os rqe tSlh L=h ds fy, mi;qDr ifr jgsxa As Þ
½tqrk dk fo'ks"k /;ku j[krs FksA os bl le; rd vkJeoklh Fks] tgk¡ vlR; ds ,oa Hkt fo'kkykf{k HkrkZja Hkzkrja eeA III.18.5
fy;s dksbZ LFkku gh u FkkA blds vfrfjDr muds lEeq[k ,d L=h Fkh] pkgs dSlh ßmudks viuk yksA esjk ihNk NksMÛk]s esjh rks iRuh gSAÞ
Hkh gks ij Fkh rks ,d L=hA vr,o] mUgksua s lh/kk&lknk mÙkj fn;kA dfo bl çdkj
bu 'kCnksa ls ,slk çrhr gksrk gS vkSj fcYdqy lUnsg ugha fd Jh jke ml
'kwi.Z k[kk ds Jh jke ds lehi vkus ds ç;kl dk gesa ifjp; nsrk gSA Jh jke dks
eUncqf¼ L=h dk eTÛkkd cuk jgs FksA os ^HkrkZ* 'kCn dk nks ckj ç;ksx djrs gSAa
vkd£"kr djus ds os ç;kl cMÛs ohHkRl t?k.; FksA viuk ifjp; nsdj] var esa
ßmudks viuk yks]Þ vkSj mls dgrs gS]a ßos gh rqEgkjs fy;s mi;qDr ifr gSAa Þ ijUrq
dgrh gS] ßrqEgkjk :i&lkSUn;Z viwoZ gSA bl lqUnj :i ds n'kZu ls eSa vR;Ur
[ksn dk fo"k; gS fd dqN Vhdkdkjksa us ^vÏrnkj%^ 'kCn dks idMÛ fy;k gSA ;g

ekuuk gh iMÛxs k fd jke HkDrksa dk ,d ,slk oxZ Hkh gS] tks ugha pkgrk fd ge Jh nks"k yxkrk gSA fdUrq ;g ckr vlaxr gS] fcYdqy vlaxr gSA fQj Hkh dqN yksx gS]a
jke dks bl fouksnfç; :i esa ns[ksAa D;k Jh jke Hkh dHkh bl çdkj dk gkL; dj tks viuk le;] viuh 'kfDr vkSj viuk laLÏr O;kdj.k dk Kku 'kCnksa dks
ldrs gS\a D;k muesa Hkh bl çdkj ds gkL; dh lEHkkouk gks ldrh gS\ mUgsa rks ,d euekus <ax ls foPNsn djus esa O;; djrs gSAa os 'kCnksa dks rksMÛ ejksMÛ dj mudks
xEHkhj ewrZ :i /keZ dk euq"; gksuk pkfg,] mudk lkekU; euq";ksa ds Lrj ij muds lUnHkZ esa ls fudkydj ,d ,slh okD; jpuk rS;kj djrs gS]a ftldks ;fn
g¡lh&fBBksyh rFkk vU; ,slh ckrsa djuk loZFkk csrd q k ,oa gkL;kLin yxrk gSA lh/ks&lh/ks <ax ls fy;k tk;s] rks ,slk vFkZ fudyrk gS] tks lkekU; cqf¼ dks
vr,o ^vÏrnkj%* 'kCn dk vFkZ rksMÛ&ejksMÛ dj os vius gh <ax ls djus dk lh/ks <ax ls Lohdk;Z gksrk gSA fdUrq] mudh viuh 'kfCnd O;k[;k djds] mldk
ç;kl djrs gSAa muesa ls ,d dgrs gS]a ßlaLÏr Hkk"kk esa çR;sd /kkrq ds vusd vFkZ ,d fujkyk vFkZ fudky dj] vUrrksxRok bl çdkj ds vFkZ&fu.kZ; ls fdlh ik=
fudy ldrs gSAa ^vÏrnkj%* dk vFkZ gS] ,d iq#"k fookfgr rks gS] ijUrq viuh ds pfj= dh j{kk ugha gks ldrhA çR;sd Hkk"kk esa bl çdkj ds vyadkj gksrs gS]a tSls
Hkk;kZ dks lkFk ugha yk;k gSAÞ os lksprs gSa fd bu 'yksdksa dk vFkZ bl çdkj yxkdj 'ys"k vkSj ;ed iwokZR; dnkfpr~ laLÏr Hkk"kk lcls le`¼ gS] ftlesa okD; nks
os Jh jke ds lR;oknh :i dks cuokus esa lQy gks x;s gSAa vc crkb;s 'kCn ^Hkk;kZ* vFkZ nsus okys cMÛh lqxerk ls x<Ûs tk ldrs gSAa bl fo"k; esa ÝÛpas Hkk"kk fo'ks"k :i
vkSj ^HkrkZ* dk D;k djs\a Vhdkdkj iqu% prqjkbZ ls dgrs gSa fd ^vuq:i'p rs ls le`¼ gSA 'kk;n gh dksbZ Hkk"kk gks iwoksnZ ; ;k if'peh] ftlesa ;g vyadkj u gksA
HkrkZ&rs vHkrkZA* ;fn bl 'kCn dks ,slk le>k tk;s] rks ifj.kke ,slk yxsxk fd esjs fopkj esa lc uhfr 'kkL=h lger gksxa s fd 'ys"k >wB ls Hkh cqjk gSA gekjs vius
jke Hkh dqN Hkh dg ldrs FksA ;fn lpeqp Jh jke dk ;g vk'k; gksrk fd y{e.k lkfgR; esa ,d fo/kk gS] ftlesa ,d 'kCn vFkok okD;[kaM ds nks vFkZ gksrs gSAa ,d
viuh iRuh dks lkFk ugha yk;s] rks D;k os ml cspkjh eUncqf¼ L=h ls ;gh ckr lUnHkZ ds fy, mi;qDr vU; lw{ekFkhZ] laHkor% yk{kf.kd] dnkfpr~~ Hkfo"; dh vksj
lh/kh Hkk"kk esa ugha dg ldrs Fks\ D;k ;g mfpr Fkk fd Jh jke ^vÏrnkj%^ 'kCn ladrs djus okyk] tc fd og iw.kZ :i ls furkUr nwljs vFkZ esa le>k tk;sxkA
dg dj 'kwi.Z k[kk dks ;g vFkZ yxkus nsa fd y{e.k vfookfgr Fks vkSj nwljk vFkZ ,slk dgk tkrk gS fd ,d u ,d egkdfo] egku lar] ,d fo'ks"k vkRefuxzg esa
viuh larfq "V ds fy, eu esa j[ksAa nwljk vFkZ nsus esa D;k rqd gS\ Vhdk dkjksa dks fl¼ iq#"k] ,sls yksx dHkh&dHkh ,sls 'kCnksa dk ç;ksx dj ldrs gS]a ftudk ml
blls D;k ykHk igq¡prk gS\ geesa ls cgqr ls ,sls prqj yksx Hkh gS] ftudks le; dqN ,d vFkZ gks] ijUrq nwljk vFkZ dksbZ vkUrfjd 'kfDr vFkok dksbZ cká
rdZ&fordZ esa vkuUn vkrk gS& dsoy 'kkfCnd ØhMÛkek= ds mís'; ls mudk 'kfDr rqEgsa çHkkfor djds ,sls 'kCn dk ç;ksx djus ds fy, ifjpkfyr djrh gS]
ç;kl jgrk gS fd fdl çdkj okn&fookn esa nwljs i{k dks ekr nsAa os gh cMÛh ftlesa loZFkk nwljk vFkZ lekfgr gksrk gS] ijUrq fHkék ckr gS fd 'kCn *vÏrnkj%^
xEHkhjrk ls bl 'yksd dk vFkZ bl çdkj djrs gSa % ^vÏrnkj%* 'kCn ls Jh jke dh O;k[;k bl çdkj dh tk;s] ftlesa jke dks >wB cksyus ds vkjksi ls cpk;k tk
dk vk'k; Fkk ,slk O;fDr] ftldh iRuh bl le; muds lkFk ugha gSA* ç'u ;g ldsA bldk vfHkçk; ;g gksxk fd bu 'kCnksa dk ,slk Hkh gks ldrk gSA tks dsoy
gS fd Jh jke 'kwi.Z k[kk dks D;k le>uk pkgrs Fks\ muds vius efLr"d esa D;k Fkk] jke gh tkurs gS]a fdUrq Jksrkvksa ds efLr"d esa og vFkZ fo|eku ugha FkkA egRo bl
blls dksbZ ç;kstu ughaA ;fn bl dkj.k ls 'kwi.Z k[kk dks xyrQÛgeh gqb]Z rks Jh ckr dk gS fd Jksrk ds efLr"d esa D;k ços'k djrk gSA ;fn Jksrk dk fpÙk Hkzfer
jke /kks[kk nsus ds fy, nks"kh Bgjrs gSAa vaxTsz Ûkh Hkk"kk esa ,d 'kCn gS % 'equivoca- gks tkrk gS] rks mldk nks"k oDrk ij vkrk gSA ml nks"k ls oDrk dks eqDr ugha
tion', ôØksfDr*] ftldk vFkZ gS] ,sls 'kCnksa dk ç;ksx] ftuds nks vFkZ fudy ldrs fd;k tk ldrkA vr,o] eq>s ,slk fo'okl djus esa TÛkjk lk Hkh ladksp ugha gksxk
gksA ,d vFkZ nwljksa ds fy,] nwljk vFkZ Lo;a vius fy;sA egRo bl ckr dk gS] fd bl va'k dk vfHkçk; dsoy ifjgkl gh FkkA vc eSa vkidks i<Û dj lqukÅ¡xk
vkidh ckr nwljk i{k fdl :i esa le>rk gSA ;fn nwljk i{k mldk lkekU; vFkZ ,d egku Vhdkdkj ukxks th Hkê viuh Vhdk esa bl fo"k; esa D;k dgrs gSAa mudk
ysrk gS] mls ogh vFkZ&lEHko yxrk gS] ysfdu og i{k /kks[ks dk f'kdkj gks tkrk gS dFku /;ku nsus ;ksX; gS D;ksfa d og xksfoUnjkt ds ckn esa fy[kk x;k FkkA mUgsa bl
vkSj vki /kks[kscktÛh ds vijk/kh cu tkrs gSAa 'kCn dk nwljk vFkZ Hkh vki U;k;ky; ckr dk iwjk Kku Fkk fd ml ijEijkfu"B Vhdkdkj us bl fo"k; esa D;k ;gk¡ Hkh ,sls
ds le{k nyhy ds :i esa çLrqr dj ldrs gS]a ;fn dksbZ vki ij >wB cksyus dk 'kCn gS]a tks fd ;k rks la;ksx o'k vFkok dfo dh ifjdYiuk ds dkj.k bl çdkj
fu£er gq, gSa fd tgk¡ ,d vFkZ fdlh lUnHkZ esa fcYdqy lVhd gS] ogha nwljk vFkZ
* mi;ZqDr xksfoanjkt dh fVIi.kh bl çdkj gS %
vÏrnkj% vlgÏrnkj bR;FkZ%A ßu forFkk ifjgldFkkLofiÞ bR;qDrs%A
Hkh gS] tks fd] igys vFkZ ls fcuk Vdjk;s] fdlh vkus okyh fLFkfr dh vksj ladrs
ßvu`ra uksDriwo± es u p o{;s dnkpuÞ bR;qDrs'p vÏrnkj bfr ukFkZ%AA IV.7.22 djrk gSA os bl çdkj dgrs gSa* % Þ'kCn ^vÏrnkj%* dk vFkZ dqN Vhdkdkj djrs

gSa % *,slk O;fDr] tks fd fookfgr rks gS] fdUrq iRuh dks lkFk ugha yk;k vkSj bl y{e.k ds bl çdkj dgus ij ifjgkl dks u le>us okyh ml yacs iSj
le; iRuh dh lgpkfjrk mldks çkIr ugha gSA^ oLrqr% eq>s rks ,slk çrhr gksrk gS okyh fodjky jk{klh us y{e.k dh ckr dks v{kj'k% lR; eku fy;kA mlus 'kCnksa
fd ;g va'k lkekU; :i ls le>k tkuk gSA ;g Hkh Lej.k j[kuk gksxk fd dfo dks lkekU; vFkZ esa fy;kA blls Li"V gS fd jke] y{e.k] nksuksa us gh bl NksVs ls
gels ;g vis{kk djrk gS fd ge ekusa fd tc dksbZ ifjgkl dj jgk gS] rks lR; ls ifjgkl esa Hkkx fy;kA bl ifjgkl dk ifj.kke rks vkidks ekywe gh gSA tc og
TÛkjk b/kj&m/kj fopfyr gks tkuk dksbZ cMÛh cqjkbZ ;k iki ughaA ;gk¡ /;ku nsus dh jk{klh lhrk dks lrkus ds bjkns ls lpeqp mudh vksj c<Ûh] Jh jke us dgk] Þvc
ckr ;g gS fd y{e.k ,d ifjgkl ;g çekf.kr djus ds fy, dj jgk Fkk vkSj Jh ifjgkl cgqr gks x;k] cl vc vkSj vkxs ugha] y{e.kAß
jke dk vfHkçk; dqN ,slk ugha Fkk] tSlk fd Hkk";dkjksa us fy;k gS] y{e.k ds rka e`R;qik'kçfrekekirUrh egkcy%A
oDrO; ls lqLi"V lk{; feyrk gSA mldk rkRi;Z mls ifjgkl ds flok; vkSj dqN fux`á jke% dqfiLrrks y{e.keczohr~AA III.18.18
fy;k tkuk ugha FkkA ;gk¡ dksbZ Vhdkdkj viuh prqjkbZ ugha fn[kk ldrkA ml {k.k igyh ckj Jh jke dks Øks/k vk;kA dfo us ;gk¡ ^fux`gk* 'kCn dk
,uka fo#ikelrha djkyka fu.kZrksnjhe~A ç;ksx fd;k gS] ftlls dqN uSfrd la'k; mRiék gksrk gSA dqN yksx bl 'kCn dks
Hkk;k± o`)ka ifjR;T; Rokeso"S k Hkft";frAA III.18.11 le>sxa ]s dsoy bl vFkZ esa fd 'kwi.Z k[kk dks jksdk x;k] /kedh }kjk ;k gqd
a kj }kjk
y{e.k lhrk dk fooj.k bl çdkj djrs gSAa mUgha 'kCnksa % ^fo:ik*] ^dq:i*] ;k gkFk ds ladsr }kjkA eSa ugha ekurk fd vFkZ dks bl çdkj lhfer djuk
^vlrh*] ^djkyk*] ^fu.kZrksnj*] ç;ksx djrs gq,] ftudk 'kwi.Z k[kk iwoeZ os gh lhrk vko';d gSA ;g Hkh lEHko gS] Jh jke us ml jk{klh dks ihNs [khap fy;k gks] ,slk
ds fy, ç;ksx dj pqdh Fkh] ;g fn[kykus ds fy;s fd mlds fy, Jh jke gh dgus esa dksbZ vkifÙk ughaA ijUrq ,slk çrhr gksrk gS fd Vhdkdkjksa dh n`f"V esa ;g
mi;qDr vkSj ;ksX; ifr gks ldrs gSAa y{e.k 'kwi.Z k[kk ls dgrs gS]a Þ;s lTtu esjs fn[kkuk mfpr ugha fd Jh jke us ml v/ke jk{klh dk Li'kZ fd;kA vr% Jh jke
Lokeh gS]a eSa mudk lsodA ;fn rqe eq>ls fookg djrh gks] rks rqEgsa ,d lsod dh dgrs gSa %
lsfodk cuuk iMÛxs k vkSj lhrk dh lsfodk Hkh cuuk iMÛxs kA rqe mUgha ls fookg ØwjSjuk;SZ% lkSfe=s ifjgkl% dFkapuA
djks] os gh rqEgkjs vuq:i gSA mUgsa D;ksa ml dq:i L=h ds cU/ku esa ca/kk jguk u dk;Z% i'; oSngs ha dFkafpRlkSE; thorhe~AA III.18.19
pkfg,\ mlds rks iSj Hkh ugha fn[kkbZ nsrAs mlds 'kjhj esa rks dqN gS gh ughaA fouksn lhrk] tks yxHkx lekIr gks xbZ Fkha] os cky&cky cp tkrh gSAa tc ge
ls lhrk dh iryh dej dh vksj b'kkjk gSA og rks ,d cqf<Û;k tSlh th.kZ&'kh.kZ ifjgkl djs]a rks /;ku j[ksa fd ;g fdlds lkFk fd;k tk jgk gS& ,sls egkew[kZ thoksa
yxrh gSA os mldks fonk dj R;kx nsxa s vkSj rqedks viuk ysxa As bl çdkj ds ds lkFk ugha] tks dsoy gkMÛ&ek¡l esa thrs gSa vkSj cqf¼ ugha j[krsA
y{e.k ds }kjk dgs x, vusd 'yksd gS]a ftuls Li"V gksrk gS fd os ifjgkl dj jgs
Fks] fdUrq og ew<Ûk L=h bl ifjgkl dks le> u ldhA çR;sd 'kCn ds mlus beka fo#ikelrhefreÙkka egksnjhe~A
jk{klha iq:"kO;k?kz fo#if;rqegZflAA III.18.20
'kkfCnd vFkZ fy,A jke ls y{e.k dh vksj y{e.k ls jke dh vksj mls Hkxk;k x;kA
og bl b/kj&ls&m/kj ds mNky dks lg"kZ Lohdkj djrh jgh vkSj vUr esa og jke vxys fcUnq ij gesa dqN Bgjuk iMÛxs kA og dqN vf/kd isphnk gSA vr,o
ds ikl vkdj dgus yxh] Þvc ns[kks] eSa rqe gh ls fookg djus tk jgh gw¡A ;fn bl çlax dks vHkh eSa ;gk¡ lekIr djrk gw¡ fd lkekU; :i ls bl va'k dks i<Ûus ls
rqe ;g lksprs gks fd lhrk ck/kk gS] rks eSa pV lhrk dks [kk tkrh gw¡] blh {k.kAß ,slk gh çrhr gksrk gS fd jke dsoy ,d ifjgkl dj jgs FksA fnYyxh dk vkuUn
,slk dgrh gqbZ og lhrk dh vksj c<ÛhA ys jgs FksA cspkjs jke] mudh iRuh vkSj HkkbZ y{e.k futZu ou esa Fks vkSj vkil esa
bfr lk y{e.ksuksDrk djkyk fu.kZrksnjhA
gh ,d&nwljs ds laxh lkFkh Fks] tks vc ls dqN jkgr pkgrs FksA tSlk fd vkidks nks
eU;rs r}pLrF;a ifjgklfop{k.kkAA III.18.13 ;k rhu fnu dh jsy ;k=k dk vuqHko gksxk] lEiw.kZ okrkoj.k ls eu Åc tkrk gSA
eu dks gYdk djus ds fy;s fdlh ckr dh vko';drk gksrh gSA ;gk¡ rhu çk.kh
* fryd Vhdk bl çdkj gS % çfr{k.k lkFk FksA 'kwi.Z k[kk ds vkxeu ls mUgsa dqN fouksn dk volj feykA Jh jke
vÏrnkjks·Ïrijynkjifjxzg bfr] /kkrwukeusdkFkZRoknlfékfgrnkj bfr ok âfnLFkks·FkZ%A us Hkh mlesa Hkkx fy;k] rks ;g ekuus esa D;k gtZ gS fd mUgksua s îfjgkl*] ^HkrkZ*]
u fg jkeks feF;k czwrsA ifjgklknkS feF;kHkk"k.ks u nks"k bR;usu lwP;rs bfr o;e~A ,oeqÙkj=kfiAA ^Hkk;kZ* vkfn 'kCnksa dk ç;ksx fd;k\ dksbZ gkfu ughaA ge mUgsa cpk ugha ldrs] ;g
92 jkek;.k ds T;ksfr&LrEHk lkrok¡ v/;k; 93

dg dj fd mUgksaus ^vÏrnkj%* 'kCn dks 'ys"k ds :i esa ç;ksx fd;kA ;fn mUgksua s
,slk fd;k] rks os vkSj vf/kd nks"kh gq,] ekuks mUgksua s >wB cksyk gksA ijUrq mUgksua s u
gh rks >wB cksyk] u gh oØksfDr dk ç;ksx fd;k& os rks dsoy ifjgkl dj jgs FksA lkrok¡ v/;k;

jke
fiNyh ckj] tc eSa 'kwi.Z k[kk çlax ij cksy jgk Fkk] eSua s ladrs fd;k Fkk fd
dfo us bl çlax dks viuh fouksn'khyrk çn£'kr djus ds fufeÙk ,d mi;qDr
fo"k; cuk;k gSA ijUrq blds ckn ds ifj.kkeksa us blds gkL;dj igyw dks /kq/a kyk
dj fn;kA dnkfpr~~ bldks lEiw.kZ dFkkud dk cht dgk tk ldrk gS D;ksfa d
'kwi.Z k[kk vius frjLdkj vkSj vieku dks lgu u dj ldhA mlus vius Hkkb;ks]a
[kj vkSj nw"k.k dks mdlk;k] vkSj mudh e`R;q ds ckn jko.k ds ikl tkdj] mldks
Hkh mdlk;kA dFkk dk ;g igyw okLro esa egRow.kZ gS] bldk irk bl dkO; ds
ijorhZ Hkkx ls pyrk gSA yadk esa va/kk/kq/a k ;q¼ ds ckn >qMa ds >qMa jk{klksa vkSj
okujksa dk vkeuk&lkeuk gqvkA ;q¼ ds ncko ls ncs gq, okuj jke ds ikl x, vkSj
mudks dfBukbZ ls mckjus ds fy, lgk;rk ek¡xhA rc jke Hkh bl ;q¼ esa lfEefyr
gks x,A ogk¡ mUgksaus vius ,d vk'p;Ztud dkSrqd dk çn'kZu fd;kA mUgksaus
vufxur :i /kkj.k fd;sA çR;sd lSfud ds le{k ,d jke çdV gq,A dHkh os
vdsys :i esa çdV gksr]s vkSj dHkh vxkspj gks tkrsA ,slk dgk tkrk gS fd bl
çdkj 'k=q dks pDdj esa Mkydj] mUgksua s jk{klksa dk Hkkjh fo/oal fd;k] yk[kksa dks
;eiqjh igq¡pk fn;kA ifj.kkeLo:i yadk uxjh esa vlk/kkj.k Lrj dk 'kksd Nk
x;kA
vxys lxZ esa dfo ,d vR;Ur fofp= n`'; dk o.kZu djrk gSA ogk¡ jk{kl
fL=;ksa dh cMÛh la[;k dk mYys[k gSA dqN ds ifr ;q¼ esa ekjs x, Fks vkSj os fo/kok
gks xb± FkhaA dqN ds firk vkSj laj{kd ;q¼ esa dke vk,] dqN ds HkkbZ vkSj iq= ;q¼
esa lekIr gks x;s FksA ;s lc fL=;k¡ ,df=r gksdj vkSj ,d&nwljs dk gkFk idMÛ
dj foyki dj jgh Fkha] ekuks tSlk fd gekjh fL=;k¡ Hkh gekjs le; esa fd;k djrh
Fkha] dnkfpr~~ mlls dgha vf/kd iSekus ijA rc ,d jkspd ckr gksrh gSA ;gk¡ fQj
dfo dh fouksno`fÙk vkSj mlds ekuoh; LoHkko dh xgjh le> dk lqLi"V çn'kZu
feyrk gSA ;s fL=;k¡] vius LoHkkokuqdy w ] tSlk fd çk;% ladV ds le; esa gksrk gS]
vius nqHkkZX; dk nks"k viuh gh tkfr ds O;fDr ij e<Ûus yxhaA ßdksbZ ukjh gh bl
ladV ds ewy esa gS]Þ os dgrh gS]a ß'kwi.Z k[kk ds flok; vkSj dkSu gks ldrk gS\ mlh
93

us gh Lo;a Jh jke ds ikl tkdj muds lkFk /k`"Vrk dhAÞ mUgksua s bl leLr fcuk fdlh vkRela;e ds ç;kl ds] O;Dr djrs FksA Jh jke tSlh foHkwfr Hkh blls
vfu"V ds fy,] tks yadk vkSj yadkokfl;ksa ij VwVk] nks"kh ml 'kjkjr dks] tks vNwrh ugha FkhA mnkgj.k ds fy, eSua s nks pkj m¼j.k pqus gSAa ;gk¡ Jh jke ,d
'kwi.Z k[kk us Jh jke ds lkFk dh FkhA ekuks ,d ckj fQj dfo fouksn djrk gSA og Jh vlkekU; vkos'ko'k lkjs tgku ls v/khj vkSj çR;sd ls #"V gks x;s gSAa os lkxj]
jke vkSj 'kwi.Z k[kk ds ,d&nwljs ls feyus dks fcuk mÙksftr gq, lksp ugha ldrkA o`{k] i`Foh] i'kq&i{kh lcdks lEcksf/kr djrs jgs gS]a ijUrq dgha ls Hkh dksbZ çfrfØ;k
iq=ks]a Hkkb;ks]a firkvks]a ifr;ksa ls of´pr jk{kl fL=;ksa dk foyki bl çdkj gS % ugha feyrhA rc mudk /;ku nsorkvksa dh vksj tkrk gSA de ls de nsorkvksa dks
dFka 'kwi.Z k[kk o`)k djkyk fu.kZrksnjhA rks lc dqN irk gksxkA ßbUgksua s lhrk dks eq>ls fNik fy;k gSA eSa viuh lEiw.kZ
'kfDr dk ç;ksx d:¡xkA ;fn mUgksua s lhrk dks ugha ykSVk;k] rks eSa lc dqN /oLr
vkllkn ous jkea dUniZfeo #fi.ke~AA
dj nw¡xkAÞ TÛkjk dYiuk dhft;s] fdruk Hkkjh jke dk euLrki jgk gksxk] ftlus
lqdeq kja egklÙoa loZHkwrfs grs jre~A
mudks vfHkHkwr dj fy;k] lalkj ds lcls egku iq#"k dks tks ix&ix ij/keZ dk
ra n`"V~ok yksdo/;k lk ghu#ik çdkferkAA
ikB i<Ûrk gSA og viuh Hkk;kZ ls fo;qDr gks tkus ij bl vlkekU; Hkkokos'k ls
dFka loZx.q kSghZuk xq.koUra egkStle~A
xzLr gks tkrk gSA rc Øks/k ds vkos'k esa y{e.k ds gkFk ls cMÛs /kuq"k dks Nhu dj
lqe[q ka nqe[Zq kh jkea dke;kekl jk{klhAA
os dgrs gSa %
tuL;kL;kYiHkkX;Rok}fyuh 'osrew/kZtkA
vdk;ZeikgkL;a p loZyksdfoxÆgre~AA y{e.kknFk pknk; jkeks fu"ihMî dkeqd Z e~A
jk{klkuka fouk'kk; nw"k.kL; [kjL; pA 'kjeknk; lanhIr ?kksjek'khfo"kksiee~AA
pdkjkçfr#ik lk jk?koL; ç/k"kZ.ke~AA lUn/ks /kuqf"k Jheku~ jke% ijiqj¥t;%A
rféfeÙkfena oSja jko.ksu Ñra egr~A ;qxkuarkfXufjo Øq)% bna opueczohr~AA
o/kk; lhrk lkuhrk n'kxzhos.k j{klkAA VI.95.6-11 ;Fkk tjk ;Fkk e`R;q;FZ kk dkyks ;Fkk fof/k%A
ßbl L=h dks D;k iMÛh Fkh Jh jke dks mdlkus dh\ blds fy, Jh jke dks fuR;a u çfrgU;Urs loZHkwrs"kq y{e.kAA
vkd£"kr djus ds fy;s D;k dksbZ lEHkkouk Fkh\ ;g nq"Vk rks lcds }kjk ekj Mkyus rFkkga Øks/kla;D
q rks u fuok;ks·Z LE;la'k;e~AA
;ksX; gSA blh dkj.k jke us Hkh çfr'kks/k dk n`<Û fu'p; fy;kA jko.k viuk vkSj iqjos esa pk:nrhefufUnrka fn'kkfUr lhrka ;fn uk| eSfFkyhe~A
vius lacfa /k;ksa dk fouk'k djk;sxkA lcdk vUr 'kh?kz gh gksus okyk gS]Þ bl çdkj lnsoxU/koZeuq";iéxa txRlk'kSya ifjorZ;kE;ge~AA III.64.75-78
os fL=;k¡ dg jgha FkhA ;g 'kwi.Z k[kk çlax dk rkRi;Z gSA ß;fn eSfFkyh eq>s okfil u djh xbZ] eSa leLr fo'o dk] mlds nsoksa]
xU/koks]aZ euq";ks]a ouLifr;ks]a tyks]a ioZrksa vkfn leLr dk uk'k dj nw¡xkAÞ
vc ge vj.; dkaM ds ml n`'; ij vkrs gS]a tgk¡ Jh jke ds fy, ;g
fopkj vlguh; gks tkrk gS fd lhrk dks mudh vuqifLFkfr esa muds laj{k.k ls os bl fouk'k esa ^lnsoiékx* dks Hkh lfEefyr djrs gSAa ,slk dqN ugha fd
Nhu ys tk;k x;k] os fo"kkn dh pksV u lgu dj lds vkSj viuk lary q u [kks cSBrs mudk vfHkçk; ;g gks] fdUrq] mUgsa ,slk ,glkl ugha Fkk fd D;k 'kCn muds eq[k
gSAa os fof{kIr gks tkrs gSAa okD; ij okD; mudh eekZfUrd ihMÛk ls Hkjs gSAa mudh ls fudy jgs gSAa 'kksd us mudh bl çdkj dh n'kk dj nh gSA ;g dYiuk Hkh ugha
osnuk] O;Fkk dk dksbZ vUr ugha nh[krkA bu n`';ksa esa dfo Lo;a dks Hkh ekr ns nsrk dh tk ldrh fd vius iwjs gks'k gokl esa Jh jke ,slk dqN dg ldrs FksA fdUrq]
gSA okLrfodrk ;g gS fd jke vius dks o'k esa ugha j[k ik jgs gS]a tSls os vius ;g n'kk muds euLrki ds Hkkokosx ds dkj.k gks xbZ gSA vc mudks lkaRouk nsus dh
lq/k&cq/k x¡ok cSBs gksA ;nk&dnk ,sls yksxksa ds fo"k; esa lquus esa vkrk gS] tks bl fTÛkEesnkjh y{e.k ij vkbZA ;g fLFkfr dqN vlk/kkj.k lh Fkh] D;ksfa d y{e.k rks
çdkj 'kksdkØfer gks] viuk ekufld lary q u [kks cSBrs gSAa ijUrq ,sls mnkgj.k LoHkko ls gh rqud fetktÛ Fks vkSj Jh jke Fks] lkSE;A oLrqfLFkfr vc myVh FkhA
vktdy vis{kkÏr de feyrs gSAa vkxs pydj eSa dfo vkSj mlds fp=.kksa dh y{e.k 'kked opu cksyrs gSa %
dqN fo'ks"krkvksa dk mYys[k d:¡xkA ml le; esjk dÙkZO; gksxk] bl ckr dh vksj iqjk HkwRok e`nnq kZUr% loZHkwrfgrs jr%A
/;ku fnykuk fd ml çkphu dky esa iq#"k vkSj fL=;k¡ lc viuh Hkkoukvksa dks] u Øks/ko'kekié% çÑfra gkrqegZflAA

pUæs y{eh% çHkk lw;Zs xkfrokZ;kS Hkwfo {kekA gSa] bl çrh{kk esa fd dc mudk 'kksd dk nkSjk mrjsA eSA ;g fn[kkus dk ç;Ru dj
,rPp fu;ra lo± Rof; pkuqÙkea ;'k%A jgk gw¡ fd Jh jke Hkh bu lc eu%fLFkfr;ksa ls Åij ugha FksA
,dL; ukijk/ksu yksdku~ gUrqa RoegZflAA III.65.4-6 vc eSa muds pfj= dh ,d vU; fo'ks"krk ij vkrk gw¡] tks ,d egRoiw.kZ
Roeso fg iqjk jke ekesoa cgq'kks·Uo'kk%A çek.k çLrqr djrh gSA ,d vksj rks fd Jh jke ekuo Fks] vkSj nwljh vksj gekjk
vuqf'k";kf) dks uq Rokefi lk{kkn~ c`gLifr%AA dfo] tks ekuo çÏfr dk ,d egku v/;srk Fkk] ,d vf}rh; v/;srkA
cqf)'p rs egkçkK nsojS fi nqjUo;kA fdf"dU/kk dkaM esa gekjs dfo }kjk Jh jke ds pfj= ds ,d igyw dk fp=.k bruh
'kkdsukfHkçlqIra rs Kkua lacks/k;kE;ge~AA III.66.18,19 lw{erk vkSj fuiq.krk ls fd;k x;k gS fd ikBd çk;% mldks Bhd <ax ls le>us esa
ßvki rks lalkj ds fy;s n;kyq] dksey LoHkko ls ;qDr] ftrsfUæ; vkSj vlQy jgrs gSAa eSa mldks Li"V djus dk ç;kl d:¡xkA tc ckfy ds LFkku ij
leLr çkf.k;ksa ds fgr esa rRij jgs gSAa dsoy blfy, fd vki Øks/k ls vfHkHkwr gS]a lqxhz o dks jktin fn;k x;k] ml le; Jh jke dks Hkh vfHk"ksd vkuUnksRlo esa Hkkx
D;k vki viuh LokHkkfod çÏfr dk ifjR;kx dj ldrs gS\a dnkfi ughaA pUæek ysus ds fy, fuea=.k fn;k x;k FkkA ijUrq mUgksua s mÙkj fn;k] ßeSua s ozr fy;k gqvk
esa T;ksRLuk] lw;Z esa çHkk] ok;q esa xfr] i`Foh esa {kek fuR; fojkteku jgrh gS]a ;g fd uxj esa ços'k ugha d:¡xkA okLro es]a v;ks/;k NksMÛrs le; mUgksua s ,slk dksbZ
lc uSl£xd gS]a budks buds fo"k;ksa ls fo;qDr ugha dj ldrsA mlh çdkj vkils ozr ugha fy;k FkkA vr% fdf"dU/kk uxjh es]a tgk¡ rqEgkjk vfHk"ksd gksus tk jgk gS]
Hkh vkidk dksey LoHkko] ijksidkjh ân;] vkidh onkU; çÏfr vkils vyx ugha ços'k djus esa vleFkZ gw¡A eSa ;gk¡ ckgj gh Bgjrk gw¡A rqe jkT;kfHk"ksd dk dk;Z ogha
gks ldrsA vki viuh çÏfr ls vutku u cfu,A ml nq"V ikih jko.k us vkidh lEiék djk yksAÞ jkT;fHk"ksd ds rqjUr ckn Jh jke y{e.k lfgr çòo.k fxfj ij
iRuh dk gj.k dj fy;k] ijUrq mlds fy, lkjk tho fo'o naMuh; D;ks\a ml nks"kh pys x, vkSj ogha viuk fBdkuk cuk fy;kA viuk ç;kstu fl¼ gks tkus ij rqjUr
dks <w¡<dj ;Fkksfpr naM nsuk vkSj [kks;s gq, jRu dks iqu% çkIr djuk D;k bruk lqxhz o viuh vlk/kkj.k HkkX;y{eh ds Hkjiwj miHkksx esa jr gks x;k] xhr&laxhr esa
vlaHko gS\ vr,o bl m|e dks NksfMÛ;s vkSj [kkst vkjEHk dj lhrk th dks <w¡< [kks x;kA og dknacjh] dkfeuh vkSj xhr&laxhr dk xÛy q ke gks x;k vkSj Hkksx&foykl
fudkysaA ;fn eSa Øks/k esa vkdj ,slh myVh&lh/kh ckrsa dgrk] rks eq>s vkils dh jax&jfy;ksa esa eLr gks x;kA fdUrq] ;g rks dsoy vkjEHk gSA Jh jke us viuk
HkRlZuk feyrh vkSj eq>s Bhd ekxZ ij yk;k tkrkA ;fn vki gh bl çdkj dh ckrsa fBdkuk uxj ds ckgj cuk;kA tÛjk /;ku ns]a fdl çdkj dfo /khjs&/khjs Jh jke dh
djsxa ]s rks vkidh çfrKk dkSu iwjh djsxk\ lk{kkr o`gLifr Hkh vkidks mins'k nsus euksHkkoukvksa dks mdlkrk gSA jke uxj esa Hkkjh dksykgy lqurs gSAa muds eu esa
dh 'kfDr ugha j[krsA eSa vkidk mins'kd cuuk ugha pkgrkA eSa ns[k jgk gw¡ fd fdlh çdkj dh nqHkkZouk ugha gS] fdUrq muds /;ku esa ;g ckr vo'; vk tkrh gSA
'kksd vlguh; gksus ds dkj.k vkidh çKk lq"kqIr lh gks xbZ gSA eSa rks dsoyek= ml ,slh ckrs]a lkekU;r% ftu ij os igys dHkh /;ku Hkh u nsr]s os mUgsa vc vkd£"kr
lq"kqIr psruk dks txkuk pkgrk gw¡AÞ djrh gSa D;ksfa d os Lo;a Hkh ,d vlk/kkj.k ifjfLFkfr esa gSAa os lksprs gS]a ßesjs gh
FkksMÛs le; ckn ekxZ esa vfUre 'okl ysr]s gq, çk.k R;kx ds iwoZ jke n'kZu dkj.k lqxhz o dks lkSnH~ kkX; dh çkfIr gqbZ gSA mlus viuk jkT; vkSj viuh iRuh dks
dh çrh{kk esa vkSj lhrk dk lekpkj nsus dh dkeuk djrs gq,] i`Foh ij grkgr iMÛs iqu% çkIr dj fy;kA ;g lc dqN esjs dkj.k gh lEHko gqvkAÞ y{e.k dks ,d ckj
gq, tVk;q dks mUgksua s ns[kkA muls okLrfodrk tkudj mUgksua s mldh vUR;sf"V dh] fQj lkURouknkrk dh Hkwfedk vnk djuh iMÛrh gSA os dgrs gS]a ßÏi;k /kS;Z ls
tSls fd ,d /keZijk;.k lqi=q vius firk dh djrk gSA Jh jke us viuh vikj çrh{kk dhft,A 'kjn ½rq rd gesa pkj eghus vkSj çrh{kk djuh gSA vki rks vHkh
vuqdEik ls tVk;q dh vkRek dks ije/kke Hkst fn;kA rc Jh jke cksy]s ßeq> ij ls v/khj gks jgs gSAa Þ bl fopkj ls mUgsa lkURouk feyrh gS %
pkSgjh foifÙk vkbZ gSA vgks esjk nqHkkZX;! bl i{kh us eq>s lgk;rk nsuh pkgh] og Hkh midkjs.k ohjLrq çfrdkjs.k ;qT;rsA
pyk x;kA esjh ;g foifÙk vfXu ls Hkh vf/kd cnrj gS] tks vfXu dks Hkh tyk dj vÑrKks·çfrÑrks gfUr lÙoorka eu%AA IV.27.45
HkLe dj ldrh gSAÞ ?kksj ladV ds le; egku iq#"k Hkh viuk lUrqyu [kks cSBrs ß;g yksd jgus ;ksX; LFkku u jg tk;sxk vkSj yksx ikjLifjd fo'okl [kks
gSa vkSj ,slh ckrs djus yxrs gS]a tks ugha djuh pkfg,A os vR;Ur n;uh; fLFkfr esa cSBxas ]s ;fn lqxhz o tSls ohj iq#"k] ftudks fdlh ds midkj ls vfer ykHk gqvk gS]
igq¡p tkrs gSa vkSj ge mUgsa dsoy lgkjk gh ns ldrs gS]a muds vJq iksN a ldrs gS]a os vÏrK gksdj çR;qidkj ls eq¡g eksMÛ ysrs gS]a esjs tSls iq#"kksa ds eu dks Bsl
mudks cSBus dks dg ldrs gS]a ;fn lEHko gks] rks muds psgjs ij ty fNMÛd ldrs igq¡pkrs gSaA ugha] ugha] ;g vuFkZ ugha gksxkAÞ

ijUrq 'kh?kz gh nwljk fopkj muds eu esa vkrk gSA y{e.k vUr esa muls nsf[k,] vc o"kkZ ½rq dk TÛkksj viuh pje lhek ij gS] vkSj o"kkZ dh çpaMrk
dgrs gSa % ds dkj.k Jh jke ds fy;s viuk 'kksd vkSj Hkh vlguh; gks tkrk gSA
fu;E; dksia çfrikY;rka 'kjR{keLo eklka'prqjks e;k lgA bek% LQhrxq.kk o"kkZ% lqxhz o% lq[keJqrAs
olkpys·fLeu~ e`xjktlsfors lao/kZ;u~ 'k=qo/ks leq|ee~AA IV.27.48 foftrkfj% lnkj'p jkT;a egfr p fLFkr%AA
ßØks/k ij fu;a=.k djds 'kjRdky rd çrh{kk dhft;sA esjh ckr lqfu,] /kS;Z vga rq ârnkj'p jkT;kPp egr'P;qr%A
ds lkFk o"kkZ ½rq ds pkj eghuksa rd] tks Hkh d"V gks /kS;Z ls lgu dhft;s] vki rks unhdwyfeo fDyéenlhnkfe y{e.kAA IV.28.57-58
v/khj O;fDr ugha gSAa vki Lo;a gh brus 'kfDr'kkyh gSa fd bl lalkj esa viuh ßbl le; lqxhz o rks vius 'k=q dks ijkLr djds fo'kky jkT; ij çfrf"Br
bPNkuq:i lc dqN çkIr dj ldrs gSAa viuh gh 'kfDr ls] fcuk fdlh lgk;rk ls gS vkSj viuh iRuh dks iqu% çkIr dj lkezkT; dk lq[k Hkksx jgk gSA ij eSa vius
vki 'k=q ij fot; çkIr djus esa leFkZ gSAa vc vkids lkFk lqxhz o Hkh gSA vr,o] jkT; ls of´pr gks x;k gw¡ vkSj esjh L=h gj yh x;h gSA blfy;s ikuh ls xys gq,
/kS;Z [kksus dk dksbZ dkj.k ughaAÞ unh ds rV dh Hkk¡fr d"V ik jgk gw¡AÞ
dfo dh vU; fo'ks"krk] ftldh vksj /;ku vkd£"kr djuk esjk lkSHkkX; v;k=ka pSo n`"V~oes ka ekxk±'p Hk`'knqxeZ ku~A
gksxk] og gS mldh fof'k"V çoh.krk& vf}rh; çoh.krk] mRçs{kk vkSj miek tSls ç.krs pSo lqxhz os u e;k fdafpnhfjre~AA
vFkkZyd a kjksa dk ç;ksxA ;s muds eq[k ls fujk;kl tgk¡&rgk¡ çokfgr gq, gSAa muesa ls vfi pkfrifjfDy"Va fpjkíkjS% lekxre~A
vf/kdka'k mi;qDr vR;Ur çHkkoksRiknd] ân;xzkgh vkSj eaty q gS]a fdlh lqxkz gh vkRedk;Zxjh;LRok}Draq usPNkfe okuje~AA
leh{kd ds fy;s ije lkfgR;d vkuUnnk;d Hkh gSAa mlds dkO; esa miekvksa dk Lo;aeos fg foJE; KkRok dkyeqikxre~A
rk¡rk Hkh ns[kus dks feyrk gSA Jh jke ,d fpUrkxzLr eu%fLFkfr esa gS]a viuh iRuh midkj p lqxhz oks osRL;rs uk= l'ka;AA IV.28.60-62
ds /;ku esa Mwcs gq,A fo;ksx muds fy, vlguh; gSA bl lUnHkZ esa miek;sa ,d ßvfHk"ksd ds dqN le; iwoZ rd lqxhz o esjs pj.kksa esa ureLrd FkkA eSa mls
foy{k.k :i /kkj.k djrh gSAa dqN Hkh djus dk vkns'k ns ldrk FkkA ijUrq eSua s bl fo"k; esa ,d 'kCn Hkh dguk
,"kk /keZifjfdy"Vk uookfjifjIyqrkA ugha pkgk fd mldk esjs çfr D;k dÙkZO; gSA eSua s mldk iwjk /;ku j[kk] eSua s mlds
lhrso 'kksdlarIrk egh ck"ia foeq´pfrAA lkFk cMÛh lân;rk ls O;ogkj fd;k] eSua s ml ij rjl [kk;k vkSj fdlh çdkj dk
,"k QqYyktZqu% 'kSy% dsrdSjf/kokflr%A d"V ugha fn;k] eSua s /kS;Z j[kk] lkspk fd dqN fnuksa rd foJke djds vkSj mi;qDr
lqxhz o bo 'kkUrkfj/kkZjkfHkjfHkf"kP;rsAA IV.28.79 le; vkus ij og gh esjs Lo;a midkj dks le>sxkAÞ
ns[ksus ;ksX; gS dfo dh çfrHkk&laiékrk vkSj ;g fd og ekuo çÏfr dk vkSj vkxs D;k gqvk] ;g le>us ds fy;s ge ,d vU; NksVs ls n`'; ij
fdruk rh{.k i;Zo{s kd gSA nsf[k,] fdl çdkj lkekU; Øe ;gk¡ iyV x;kA lhrk vkrs gSAa lqxhz o ds eaf=;ksa esa ,d vçfre nwjn£'krk vkSj foy{k.k cqf¼ okys O;fDr]
dh rqyuk çkÏfrd oLrqvksa ls djus ds ctk;] dfo igys çkÏfrd oLrqvksa dk guqeku FksA ;g tkudj fd Jh jke dk fn;k x;k fu;r le; çk;% lekIr lk gks
o.kZu djrk gS vkSj fQj lhrk dks rqyuk dk ekinaM cukdj mies; ds :i esa pqdk gS] guqeku us lqxhz o dks vUr%iqj ls cqyok;k vkSj lfou; mUgsa vius dÙkZO;
mudk mYys[k djrk gSA dgus dk vfHkçk; ;g gS] tc Jh jke çÏfr dh vn~Hkqr ds çfr psrkouh nh] ßvkius Jh jke dh Ïik ls bruk dqN ik;k gSA ijUrq vkius
oLrq,¡ ns[k jgs gS]a muds eu esa lhrk dk /;ku Hkj tkrk gS vkSj cjcl mudk mudks fclkj fn;k gS] vkSj Åij ls] vfrfjDr Hkksx&foykl esa fyIr gksdj mUgsa
/;ku lhrk dh vksj pyk tkrk gS vkSj os dqN vU; lksp ugha ikrsA ukjktÛ dj fn;k gSA vc le; gks pqdk gS] Ïi;k tkx mfB, vkSj vius dÙkZO; dk
uhyes?kkfJrk fo|qRLQqjUrh çfrHkkfr esA ikyu dhft,AÞ lqxhz o us vius lsukifr uhy uked okuj dks jkT; dh leLr
LQqjUrh jko.kL;k³~ads oSngs ho rifLouhAA IV.28.12 fn'kkvksa ls lEiw.kZ okuj lsukvksa dks ,d= djus dh vkKk nh vkSj guqeku ls cksy]s
ßuhy es?k dk vkJ; ysdj pedrh gqbZ ;g fo|qr eq>s jko.k ds vad esa ßtc okuj ;gk¡ ,d= gks]a lc dqN Lo;a laHkky ysuk] esjs vkns'k dh çrh{kk fd;s
NViVkrh gqbZ rifLouh lhrk ds leku çrhr gksrh gSAÞ fcukAÞ

lqxhz o% lÙolaié'pdkj efreqÙkeke~A ehuksilanf'kZres[kykuka unho/kwuka xr;ks·| eUnk%A
lafnns'kkfrefreku~ uhya fuR;Ñrks|ee~AA dkUrksiHkqDrkylxkfeuhuka çHkkrdkysf"oo dkfeuhuke~AA
fn{kq lokZlq los"Z kka lSU;kukeqilaxgz As IV.30.45,46,55
;Fkk lsuk lexzk es ;wFkikyk'p loZ'k%AA bl çdkj dh Hkk"kk Jh jke ds eq[k esa j[kuk ?kksj fuUnuh; gSA çrhr gksrk gS
lekxPNUR;l³~xu s lsukxzkf.k rFkk dq:A fd ;k rks ml le; Jh jke ds eu esa bl çdkj ds ltho fp= mHkj jgs Fks] vFkok
Lo;a pkuUrja lSU;a Hkokusokuqi'prqAA dfo Lo;a 'kjn ½rq dk o.kZu djus dh bPNk ls ;g lc Jh jke }kjk dgyokrk gSA
f=iapjk=knw/o± ;% çkIRuq;késg okuj%A eSua s lqxhz o ds çfr Jh jke ds dBksj vkns'k dks i<Û dj lquk;k FkkA eSua s ;g
rL; çk.kkUrdks naMks uk= dk;kZ fopkj.kkAA Hkh crk;k Fkk fd fdl çdkj y{e.k us ml vkns'k dks le>k;k vkSj vius mÙksftr
gjha'p o`)kuqi;krq lk³~xnks HkokUekKkef/kÑR; fuf'prrke~A eu ls mls vko';drk ls vf/kd c<Ûk p<Ûk fn;kA tcfd mUgsa dsoy b'kkjk Hkj
bfr O;oLFkka gfjiqxoa 's ojks fo/kk; os'e çfoos'k oh;Zoku~AA IV.29.29-34 djuk Fkk] mUgksua s lpeqp /kedh ns MkyhA Jh jke Lo;a /kedh ds ifj.kke ls
;g lqxhz o dh vkKk dk mnkgj.k gSA ßfu£ookn:i ls vkKk dk ikyu gksuk vR;Ur fpfUrr gks x,A os y{e.k ls cksy]s ßesjk vfHkçk; ;g ugha FkkA rqEgsa e/kqj
pkfg,A muds vkns'k ls fdlh Hkh çdkj dk fopyu vR;f/kd naMuh; gksxk] dksbZ vkSj f'k"V ok.kh dk ç;ksx djukAÞ fdUrq y{e.k ;g lc dqN Hkwy x;sA tks 'yksd
NwV ugha gksxhA ;fn dksbZ okuj iaæg fnu ds ckn ;gk¡ igq¡pxs k] rks mls çk.k&naM eSaus igys lquk;k Fkk og ;g gS %
fn;k tk;sxkAÞ lsuk dks lapkfjr djus ds fy;s ;g vkns'k nsdj lqxzho vius u p ladfq pr% iUFkk ;su okyh grks xr%A
vUr%iqj dks ykSV x,A lqxhz o dks ;g Lej.k j[kuk pkfg, Fkk fd os ,d vR;Ur le;s fr"B lqxhz o ek okfyiFkeUoxk%AA IV.30.81
ekuoh; O;fDr ls O;ogkj dj jgs gSAa Jh jke ,d ckj fQj viuk lUrqyu [kks ;s gSa os 'kCn tks Jh jke y{e.k ls dgrs gS]a blfy, ugha fd ;gh 'kCn lqxhz o
cSBrs gSAa mUgsa bl ckr dh dksbZ tkudkjh u Fkh fd fu;r le; ds Hkhrj lqxhz o us ls dgs tk;s]as cfYd blfy, fd budk vk'k; lqxhz o rd igq¡pk;k tk;sA blds
D;k dqN dj fy;k gSA mUgksaus bl fo"k; esa dksbZ iwNrkN Hkh u dhA vr,o] vfrfjDr ,d vkSj LFkku Hkh gS] tgk¡] esjs fopkj es]a Jh jke vius LokHkkfod Lrj
vufHkKrk ds dkj.k mudk Øks/k c<Ûrk x;kA ,d ckj iqu% os vius lgk;d fe= ls uhps fxj tkrs gSAa rqjUr mudh rkRdkfyd eu%fLFkfr dk irk pyrk gSA
ds çfr lEeku Hkko [kks cSBrs gSAa fcuk vuqokn fd;s ;gk¡ rhu 'yksd m¼fjr djrk
,d ,o j.ks okyh 'kjs.k fugrks e;kA
gw¡A 'yksdksa esa os viuk jks"k O;Dr djrs gSAa ;g Li"V ugha gS fd bu 'yksdksa dks ;gk¡
Roka rq lR;knfrØkUra gfu";kfe lckU/koe~AA IV.30.82
ij j[kus esa dfo dk D;k vfHkçk; gSA tgk¡ rd dfork dk çlax gS]a ;s 'yksd
ßeSua s ckfy dk o/k fd;k] fdUrq og vdsyk ;eiqjh x;kA ijUrq rqEgkjs çfr
mRÏ"V gSAa ijUrq muesa dqN Hkko vkSj dqN 'kCn fo|eku gS]a tks dqN 'kCn Jh jke
esjk Øks/k bruk rhoz gS fd dsoy rqEgkjs o/k ls eq>s larks"k u gksxkA eSa rqedks rqEgkjs
ds eq¡g ls 'kksHkk ugha nsrAs ,slk ekuk tk ldrk gS fd dfo ;g lc dqN viuh vksj
leLr lacfa /k;ksa lfgr ;eiqjh igqpkÅ¡xkAÞ
ls dguk pkgrk gS] fdUrq D;ksfa d dfo o.kZu o.kZu Jh jke ds }kjk djok jgk gS] og
;s 'yksd muds gh eq[k ls dgyokrk gSA ijUrq ç'u ;g gksrk gS] okYehfd dks Hkh vkidks Lej.k gksxk fdl çdkj rkjk y{e.k dks 'kkUr djrh gSA bl LFkku
,slh ckrksa esa D;ksa tkuk pkfg,\ ;g rks ijorhZ dfo;ksa dh fo'ks"krk gS] ,slh Hkk"kk dk ij mlds dqN lqUnj 'yksdksa dk i<Ûuk mfpr gh gksxk] de ls de ;g rks fn[kkus
ç;ksx D;ksfa d muds fy;s Hkk"kk dh 'kkyhurk ds fu;e dh lnk çfrc¼rk ugha ds fy, fd fdlh ds i{k dks çLrqr djus dh dyk esa mls çkphu iks£'k;k (Portia)
jgrhA dh laKk nh tk ldrh gSA iks£'k;k ,d L=h ik= gS] tks 'ksDlih;j ds ^fn eps±V
vkWQÛ osful* uked ukVd esa viuh rdZlxa r okd~iVqrk esa çfl¼ gSA gekjs cgqr ls
p´pPpUædjLi'k±g"kksZUehfyrkjdkA
vf/koDrk rkjk ds Hkk"k.k ls cgqr dqN lh[k ldrs gSAa og vius lacks/ku esa y{e.k
vgks jkxorh lU/;k tgkfr Lo;eEcje~AA
ds le{k egRoiw.kZ rdZ çLrqr djrh gS] vkSj y{e.k dks dqN çHkkfor gqvk ns[k dj
n'kZ;fUr 'kjé|% iqfyukfu 'kuS% 'kuS%A
vUr esa ,d fu.kkZ;d rdZ }kjk viuk mís'; çkIr dj ysrh gSA
uol³~xelozhMk t?kukuho ;ksf"kr%AA

uSoa y{e.k oDrO;ks uk;a i:"kegZfrA pkgrs gSa fd rS;kjh iwjh gks x;h gSA lqxhz o us mu lcds ,d= gksus ds fy;s iaæg fnu
gfj.kkeh'oj% Jksraq ro oD=kf}'ks"kr%AA dh vof/k fuf'pr dh FkhA mlds vuqlkj leLr okujksa dks vkt gh ;gk¡ mifLFkr
usokÑrK% lqxhz oks u 'kBks ukfi nk:.k%A gks tkuk pkfg,A vkt gh djksMÛkas dh la[;k esa os mifLFkr gksaxAs vr,o] vki
uSokÑrdFkks ohj u ftàu'p dih'oj%AA Øks/k R;kx nhft,AÞ rc iw.kZr;k lar"q V gksdj y{e.k 'kkUr gks x,A mUgsa bl ckr
midkja Ñra ohjks ukI;;a foLe`r% dfi%A dk lE;d~ cks/k gks x;k fd mudk jks"k vuqfpr FkkA os lqxhz o ls dgrs gS]a Þeq>s [ksn
jkes.k ohj lqxzhoks ;nU;SnZq"dja j.ksAA gS] Ïi;k {kek djsAa esjs Øks/k dk dkj.k ;g Fkk fd vius HkkbZ dk 'kksd esa ?kqyuk esjs
jkeçlknkRdhÉr p dfijkT;a p 'kk'ore~A fy;s vlguh; gks x;k FkkA Ïi;k vki ogk¡ tkdj muls lkURouk ds dqN 'kCn dg
çkIrokfug lqxhz oks :eka eka p ijariAA nsAa ß tSls gh jke us lc dqN lquk] mudh fo'kky ân;rk iqu% mHkj vkbZA iqyfdr
:eka eka dfijkT;a p /ku/kkU;olwfu pA eu ls mUgksua s lqxhz o dk vkfyaxu fd;kA
jkefç;kFk± lqxhz olR;tsfnfr efreZeAA IV.35.2-5,13 bfr czoq k.ka lqxhz oa jkeks /keZHk`rka oj%A
ßvkidks lqxhz o ds çfr ,slh ckr ugha dguh pkfg,A esjs ifr okujksa ds Lokeh ckgqH;ka laifj"oT; çR;qokp Ñrk¥tfye~AA
gSa vkSj çHkko'kkyh jktk gSAa vkidks ;g Hkwyuk ugha pkfg, fd os dksbZ NksVs eksVs jktk ;fnUæks o"kZrs o"k± u rfPp=a HkosnH~ kqfoA
ugha gSA os u Ïr?u gS]a u 'kB gS]a u Øwj gS]a u gh vlR;oknh vkSj u dqfVy gh gSAa vkfnR;ks ok lglzka'kq% dq;kZf}kfrfeja uHk%AA
os dnkfi ,sls dBksj opu lquus ds vf/kdkjh ugha gSA vkids HkkbZ us tks midkj pUæek jf'efHk% dq;kZRi`fFkoha lkSE; fueZyke~A
fd;k gS] ftlls mUgsa vfer ykHk gqvk gS] mls dfijkt us dHkh ugha Hkqyk;k gSA Jh Rof}/kks okfi fe=k.kka çfrdq;kZRijariAA IV.39.1-3
jke ds Ïik&çlkn ls gh lqxhz o us okujksa ds v{k; jkT; dks] ;'k dks] :ek rFkk ßD;k ;g vk'p;Ztud gS ;fn bUæ nsork I;klh /kjrh ij ty dh o"kkZ
eq>dks Hkh çkIr fd;k gSA mUgksua s viuk dÙkZO; fuHkk;k gSA ;fn vki mudh çÏfr djrs gS]a ;fn lgòksa fdj.kksa ls 'kksHkk ikus okys lw;nZ os vkdk'k ls va/kdkj nwj djrs
tkuaxs ]s rks vo'; gh mldh ç'kalk fd;s fcuk u jg ldsxa As dksbZ ,slh oLrq ugha tks gSa rFkk ;fn pUæek viuh T;ksRLuk ls i`Foh dh xehZ vkSj fo}s"k dks nwj Hkxkrk gS\
Jh jke dh çlékrk ds fy;s os R;kx u ldsAa os Jh jke dks çlék djus ds fy;s :ek ;g lc rks muds LokHkkfod xq.k gSAa blh çdkj vkids leku iq#"k Hkh ;fn vius
dk esjk] dqekj vaxn dk rFkk /ku/kkU;] vkSj i'kqvksa lfgr leLr jkT; dk Hkh fe=ksa dk midkj djsa vkSj mUgsa çlék dj ns]a rks blesa dksbZ vk'p;Z ugha ekuuk
ifjR;kx dj ldrs gSaAÞ pkfg,AÞ
RoRlgk;fufeÙka oS çsf"krk gfjiq³x ~ ok%A ;g ogh O;fDr gS]a ftUgksua s fiNys lxZ esa lqxhz o ds fo#¼ bruk dqN cksyk
vkusrqa okujku~ ;q)s lqcgwu~ gfj;wFkiku~AA FkkA bldk rkRi;Z dsoy ;g gS fd ;gk¡ mudh okLrfod çÏfr fQj mHkj vkrh gS
rka'p çrh{kek.kks·;a foØkUrku~ lqegkcyku~A vkSj os viuh ;Fkksfpr Hkkouk;sa O;Dr djrs gSAa
jk?koL;kFkZfl)ÓFk± u fu;kZfr gjh'oj%AA vHkh rd eSa dFkk ds mu 'yksdksa vkSj çlaxksa dk fu:i.k dj jgk Fkk] tgk¡
Ñrk= laLFkk lkSfe=s lqxhz os.k ;Fkk iqjkA Jh jke ds pfj= dk ekuoh; igyw viuh iw.kZ çxk<Ûrk ds lkFk mHkj dj vkrk gSA
v| rSokZujS% loSjZ kxUrO;a egkcyS%AA blh çdkj ;fn vki ;k eSa Øks/k vkSj O;xzrk ds dkj.k vFkok bZ";kZ ls vR;Ur
_`{kdksfVlglzkf.k xksykaxwy'krkfu pA mÙksftr gks tk;s]a rks gekjh ekufld fLFkfr esa Hkkjh fxjkoV vk tk;sxhA eq>s lEiw.kZ
v| Rokeqi;kL;fUr tfg dksiefjaneAA IV.35.19-22 ^jkek;.k* dks myV&iyV dj Nkuuk gksxk] ,sls mnkgj.k Nk¡Vus ds fy;s] tgk¡ ge
tc rkjk dks ,glkl gks tkrk gS fd y{e.k dk Øks/k yxHkx lekIr gks x;k] ;g ns[k ldsa fd mudh çÏfr esa ekuoh; igyw dgk¡ rd çn£'kr gksrk gSA ;k rks
og dgrh gS] ßesjs ifr us vko';d vkns'k igys gh ns fn, gSAa vusd Js"B okujksa Lo;a viuh Hkwypwd ds dkj.k vFkok nwljs O;fDr;ksa dh dfe;ksa ds dkj.k] tks fd
dks ;q¼ ds fufeÙk vla[; okuj ohjksa dh lsuk ,d= djus ds fy;s Hkst j[kk gSA os muls lac¼ Fks] ckj&ckj mudk foLrkjiwod Z fu:i.k vuko';d gSA ijUrq] blesa
muds vkus dh çrh{kk dj jgs gSAa os Lo;a crkuk pkgrs gSa fd vkdj vkidk crkuk dksbZ 'kadk u jg tk;s] blds fy, nks 'kCn vo'; dgw¡xkA gekjh ekuoh; çÏfr esa

nks çdkj dh ço`fÙk;k¡ fufgr gS]a ,d mPp Lrjh; vkSj nwljh fuEu Lrjh;] ,d viuh mPp çÏfr dks viuk dk;Z djus dk volj nsuk pkfg,] vU;Fkk ge
mRÏ"V Hkykiu] nwljk fuEu HkykiuA tks yksx lqf'kf{kr gSa] ftUgksaus viuh lekIr gks tk;sxa As ,d ugha vusd ckj Jh jke viuh fuEu ço`fÙk dks dkslrs gSAa
bPNk'kfDr ij dqN vkf/kiR; çkIr dj fy;k gS] muesa fuEu o`fÙk çdV ek= gksrh ijUrq deZ{ks= esa os fujUrj viuh mPp çÏfr ds Lrj ij dk;Z djrs gSAa
gS] viuh >yd fn[kkrh gS] ijUrq 'kh?kz gh nck nh tkrh gS] vkSj mPprj ço`fÙk dh
xfrfof/k dk iwjk çn'kZu gksrk gS] vkSj O;fDr Hkh lehphu vkpj.k djrk gSA ijUrq
xÛyr çf'k{k.k] gkfudj mnkgj.k vkSj nwf"kr ifjos'k ds dkj.k ;fn mfpr le; ij
mi;qDr ijke'kZ ugha fn;k tkrk] rks gekjk v/k%iru fuf'pr gS vkSj ge fc[kj
tkrs gS]a ge vius fy;s vkSj gekjs vkl&ikl ds lc O;fDr;ksa ds fy;s Hkh ladV
[kMÛk dj nsrs gSAa ijUrq tgk¡ rd egkiq#"kksa dk lEcU/k gS] ,slk ugha gS fd ogk¡
vklk/kq ço`fÙk dk loZFkk vHkko gksrk gS ;k nqjkpkj dk ogk¡ dksbZ ladrs ugha gksrk]
fdUrq ftl {k.k fuEu ço`fÙk;k¡ çdV gksrh gSa vkSj ekuoh; ço`fÙk;k¡ viuk çHkko
Mkyrh gS]a mPprj ço`fÙk fuEu ço`fÙk dks iwjh 'kfDr ls dqpy nsrh gS vkSj fQj
viuk iwjk çHkko çn£'kr djrh gSAa vr,o] vius thou esa gesa ;g lh[kuk pkfg,
fd tSls gh dksbZ fuEu çsj.kk mHkjus yxs] rks gesa n`<Ûrk ls viuh leLr vkUrfjd
'kfDr dk laxgz djds] iwooZ rhZ egku foHkwfr;ksa dk Lej.k djds] viuh lgk;rk ds
fy, muds egRoiw.kZ uhfr opuksa dk vkàku djds Lo;a dks cryk nsuk pkfg, fd
fuEu o`fÙk;ksa ds fy;s gekjs ân; esa dksbZ LFkku ugha gSA rc gekjh mPp ço`fÙk
viuk iw.kZ çHkko fn[kk;sxhA
,d çfl¼ 'yksd gS] ftlesa mPp vkSj fuEu ço`fÙk;ksa dk la?k"kZ gksrk gSA ;g
,d lqUnj 'yksd gSA lkekU;r% bldk ç;ksx nq";Ur* ds fy;s gksrk gS tc] 'kki ds
dkj.k og vius vkSj 'kdqUryk ds chp çse çlax dks loZFkk Hkwy tkrk gS vkSj fQj
Hkh mlds lkSUn;Z ls eqX/k gksdj mlds vUrj esa ,d la?k"kZ gksus yxrk gSA ßeSa bldk
R;kx D;ksa d:¡\ Lohdkj D;ksa u dj yw¡\Þ dqN {k.k rd ;g fopkj gkoh gksus dk
ç;Ru Hkh djrk gSA ;g dqN ,slk fopkj gS] ftlds le{k lk/kq&lar Hkh vkRe la;e
[kks cSBrs gSAa ßcMÛs yksx D;k dgsxa \s esjs dqy dh eku&çfr"Bk ij bldk D;k çHkko
gksxk\Þ
Dokdk;± 'k'ky{e.k% Do p dqye~] Hkw;ks·fi n`';sr lk
nks"kkuka ç'kek; u% Jqregks] dksi·s fi dkUra eq[ke~A
fd o{;UR;idYe"kk% Ñrf/k;%] LoIus·fi lk nqyHZ kk
psr% LokLFk;eqifS g] [kyq ;qok /kU;ks·/kja /kkL;frAA
* cgq/kk bldk ç;ksx iq:jok ds fy, gksrk gS] tks fd dkfynkl ds ukVd] ^foØeksoZ'kh;a* esa ,d
ik= gSA ijUrq okLro esa ;g 'yksd ;;kfr vkSj 'k£e"Bk ij ,d vuqiyC/k ukVd ls jktk ;;kfr
}kjk cksyk x;k gSA
106 jkek;.k ds T;ksfr&LrEHk vkBok¡ v/;k; 107

jkT;a çkFkZ;ekuÜp cqf)iwofZ egkxr%A
,rkoÙkq iqjLÑR; ;qT;rs RoL; laxgz %AA VI.17.66,67
vkBok¡ v/;k; eSa bls lkekU; le>cw> gh dgw¡xkA guqeku dgrs gSa] ßvkids m|ksx]
tkx:drk vkSj jko.k ds feF;kpkj dks tkudj vkSj ;g tkudj dh vkius lqxhz o
jke dss jkT;kfHk"ksd djkus ds mís'; ls ckfy dk o/k fd;k] vius ns'k dk jkT; ikus
dh bPNk ls] tks ,d NksVs HkkbZ ds fy, LokHkkfod vkdka{kk gksrh gS] ;g le>&cw>
dj gh ;g ;gk¡ vk;k gSA bu lc ckrksa dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, eq>s foHkh"k.k dks ysuk
mfpr yxrk gSAÞ
fiNyh ckj ftl çlax dh ppkZ dh Fkh] og Fkk % Jh jke us tks dqN tYnckTÛkh ;g Fkk guqeku dk Li"Voknh vkSj rdZlxa r ijke'kZ] Jh jke dk futh fopkj
esa lqxhz o ds çfr viuh vçlékrk O;Dr dh Fkh] mlds fy, fQj mUgksua s viuh
Hkh blls esy [kkrk FkkA ijUrq blds ckotwn] lqxhz o us chp&chp esa dMÛh vkifÙk
LokHkkfod mnkjrk ds vuq:i] cMÛh vfrçHkkoh Hkk"kk esa [ksn çdV fd;kA eSa bl
O;Dr dh] y{e.k us Hkh mldk leFkZu fd;kA lqxhz o ds çfrokn dh vksj ladrs
fcUnq dks TÛkjk vkxs c<Ûk jgk gw¡] D;ksfa d bldh dqN lkFkZdrk gSA vkxs pydj Hkh
djrs gq , fd foHkh"k.k vius HkkbZ ds çfr fo'okl?kkrh Fkk] jke dgrs
bl egkdkO; esa nks ;k rhu LFkkuksa ij Jh jke lqxhz o ds çfr blh çdkj viuh Hkwy
gSa %
dk lq/kkj djrs gSAa ;s çlax gekjs fy, dqN /;ku nsus ;ksX; gSAa eSa lcls igyh
?kVuk ysrk gw¡A dfo dh Hkk"kk dh vFkZx£Hkrk dks ns[krs gq, ;g vuqfpr u gksxk] ;fn u losZ HkzkrjLrkr HkofUr Hkjrksiek%A
ef}/kk ok firq% iq=k% lqânks ok Hkof}/kk%AA VI.18.15,16
bl ij eSa dqN le; yxk nw¡] pkgs ;g dqN vlaxr gh D;ksa u yxsA ;g 'yksd ;q¼
ßrkr! lalkj esa lc HkkbZ Hkjr ds leku ugha gksrAs firk ds lHkh iq= esjs tSls
dkaM ds vBkjgosa lxZ esa vkrk gSA lUnHkZ bl çdkj gS& foHkh"k.k cMÛh mRlqdrk ls
ugha gksrs vkSj lHkh fe= rqEgkjs leku ugha gqvk djrs gSAa Þ
laj{k.k ds fy, jke dh 'kj.k esa vkrk gSA jke ;q¼ ifj"kn tSlh ,d lHkk vk;ksftr
djrs gS]a vius lkfFk;ksa vkSj lykgdkjksa ls ea=.kk djrs gSa fd D;k fd;k tk;sA ;g ,d çfl¼ 'yksd gS vkSj vR;Ur lkjx£Hkr gSA eSa bldh O;k[;k lHkh
dsoy guqeku ds vfrfjDr dksbZ Hkh foHkh"k.k dh çkFkZuk Lohdkj djus dk ijke'kZ igyqvksa ls d:¡xkA 'yksd dk vfUre va'k ;gk¡ esjh ckr ds fy, çklafxd gS] ftl
ugha nsrkA ;g ckr dqN fofp= gSA vkifÙk dk eq[; vk/kkj gS fd foHkh"k.k ,d ij eSa bl le; /;ku fnyk jgk gw¡A *lqânks ok Hkof}/kk%^ % ßlalkj esa cgqr de
jk{kl gS vkSj jko.k dk xqIrpj gSA dnkfpr~~ og bl mís'; ls vk;k gks fd tc os lgk;d vkSj fe= rqEgkjs leku fo'oluh; gS]a Þ ;s 'kCn Jh jke dh lqxhz o ds çfr
pkSdl u gks]a volj feyrs gh og jke dk o/k dj MkysA lqxhz o l;kukiu çn£'kr fiNyh dBksjrk ij vuqrki çdV djrs gSAa blls lqxhz o dks iw.kZr;k nks"keqDr dj
djrs gq, dgrk gS % fn;kA ßrqEgkjs leku dksbZ vU; lgk;d fe= ugha gS]Þ Jh jke lqxhz o ls dgrs gSAa
bZn'` ka O;lua çkIra Hkzkrja ;% ifjR;tsrA~ ijUrq ,slk D;ks\a bl ij Vhdkdkj dh fVIi.kh vFkZi.w kZ gSA ßeSa cMÛh O;xz eu%fLFkfr
dks uke l HkosÙkL; ;es"k u ifjR;tsrA~ A VI.18.5,6 esa Fkk vkSj eq>s ,slk yxk fd rqeus viuk oknk vkSj mÙkjnkf;Ro Hkqyk fn;kA rc
tks iq#"k ,sls ladV esa iMÛs gq, vius HkkbZ dks NksMÛ ldrk gS] mlesa fu"Bk dh eSua s y{e.k dks rqEgkjs çfr ,d dBksj lan's k dk vkns'k fn;k Fkk vkSj mUgksua s Hkh
vk'kk dkSu dj ldrk gS\ mldk nwljk ,slk dkSu lk lacU/kh gksxk] ftls og viuh vksj ls lan's k dh dBksjrk esa dksbZ deh ugha dhA ijUrq ml le; rqEgkjs çfr
fo'okl?kkr djds R;kx u dj lds\Þ tks vU;k; gqvk Fkk] mldks Hkqykdj rqeus eq>s vius iwjs ijkØe ls lgk;rk nh
gSAÞ bl çdkj Vhdkdkj bldh O;k[;k djrs gSAa jke ds ;s opu lqxhz o ds midkjksa
vkxs og ;g Hkh dgrk gS] ßog yadk dk jktk cuus dh mPp vkdka{kk ls ;gk¡
ds çfr iwjk&iwjk vkHkkj çn£'kr djrs gSAa ,slk çrhr gksrk gS fd dfo bl lUnHkZ esa
vk;k gSAÞ Jh jke bu lc rdks± dks jí dj nsrs gSAa eSa dqN 'yksd i<Ûdj lqukrk gw¡]
gesa ekuo lacU/kksa ds fo"k; esa ,d egÙoiw.kZ f'k{kk nsuk pkgrk gSA og ;g gS tc
tks foosdiw.kZ ,oa ;qfDr;qDr O;ogkfjd le>nkjh ls Hkjiwj gSa %
ijLij eS=h ,oa vkReh;rk dk Lusg cU/ku LFkkfir gks tk;s] rks mldks lqn`<Û cukus
m|ksxa ro laç{s ; feF;ko`Ùka p jko.ke~A dk ,d ;g rjhdÛk gS fd nksuksa i{kksa esa dqN vucu gks tk;s vkSj fQj xÛyrQÛgeh
okfyu'p o/ka JqRok lqxhz oa pkfHk"ksfpre~AA
106

nwj gksus ij iqu% esy&feyki gks tk;sA ;g ,d vge~ rF; gS] ftldk ç;ksx çk;% py jgk FkkA og bruk mÙke Fkk fd Lo;a nsorkx.k Hkh mlds çR;sd 'kCn dk
miU;kldkj vkSj dgkuhdkj djrs gS&a igys fj'rksa esa njkj vkSj fQj esy&feykiA vkLokn ysus ds fy, uhps mrj vk,A dfo us Hkh bl laokn dks cMÛh dq'kyrk ls
bl çdkj ijLij Lusg vkSj lqn`<Û gks tkrk gSA Jh jke vkSj lqxhz o ds chp Hkh dqN ,sls NUnksa }kjk çLrqr fd;k gS] tks 'kSyh vkSj 'kCn ;kstuk dh lqUnjrk vkSj
,slk gh gqvkA ,slk ogha laHko yxrk gS] tgk¡ nksuksa i{kksa dh çÏfr mnkÙk vkSj mnkj LokHkkfodrk dh n`f"V ls n'kZuh; gSA eSaus nksuksa Hkkb;ksa ds ikjLifjd okrkZyki
gksA mnkÙk pfj=ksa ds e/; ,d ckj tc fo'okl vkSj çrhfr LFkkfir gks tkrh gS] rks lacfa /kr fo'ks"k ckrksa dh vksj ladrs dj fn;k gSA ,d LFky ij tc Jh jke us Hkjr
erHksn Hkh fe=Hkko dks lqn`<Û gh djrs gSAa rc fofHkékrk;sa Hkh lkSgknZ dks lqn`<Û cukrh ds lHkh rdks± dk çR;qÙkj ns fn;k Fkk] rks nsoyksd ds çR;{kn£'k;ksa dks gLr{ksi
gSaA djuk iMÛkA os Hkjr dks lacksf/kr djrs gS]a ekuks viuk fu.kZ; lquk jgs gksAa os ,d
lalkj esa dqN yksx fo'ks"k lacU/kksa esa Js"Brk ds vkn'kZ ekus tkrs gSAa ,d Loj esa dgrs gSa %
O;fDr tks vkn'kZ HkkbZ gS] vko';d ugha og vkn'kZ iq= Hkh gksA ,d vkn'kZ fe= dk Hkjra jkt'kknZwyfeR;wpq% laxrk op%AA
,d vkn'kZ HkkbZ gksuk vko';d ughaA blh çdkj vU; lacU/kksa ds fo"k; esa Hkh dgk dqys tkr egkçkK egko`Ùk egk;'k%A
tk ldrk gSA blhfy, Jh jke fHkék&fHkék yksxksa dks fHkék&fHkék lacU/kksa esa mnkgj.k xzkáa jkeL; okD;a rs firja ;|os{klsAA II.112.4,5
Lo:i ysrs gSAa vkn'kZ Hkkb;ksa esa Hkjr ,d mnkgj.k gS]a foHkh"k.k ughaA vr% Hkjr dk cMÛk egRoiw.kZ vfHkçk; gS] bu lEcks/kd 'kCnksa dk] ftuds }kjk Hkjr dks ;s
mRÏ"V mYys[k djds Jh jke us mfpr gh fd;kA Hkjr dks D;ksa vkn'kZ HkkbZ ekuk nwljs yksd ds oklh lEcksf/kr djrs gSAa os Hkjr dks ijke'kZ nsrs gS]a ßrqe mÙke dqy
x;k\ bldk dkj.k rks vkidks HkyhHkk¡fr fofnr gh gSA ftl ckr ij /;ku rqjUr esa mRiék gq, gksA rqEgkjk vkpj.k cgqr mÙke vkSj ;'k egku gSA Jh jke bl fo"k;
tkrk gS] og ;g gS fd tc v;ks/;k dk jkT; Hkjr dks mfpr vf/kdkj ds :i esa esa lR; gh dg jgs gSAa ;fn rqe vius firk dh vksj ns[kks vkSj mUgsa lq[k igq¡pkuk
çkIr gqvk Fkk] Jh jke us mldk ifjR;kx dj ouokl Lohdkj fd;kA dSd;s h us ml pkgks] rks rqEgsa Jh jke dh ckr eku ysuh pkfg,AÞ
jkT; dks Hkjr ds fy;s n'kjFk ls ojnku :i esa çkIr dj fy;k FkkA fdUrq tc lnku`.kfeea jkea o;fePNkegs firq%A
jkT; mudk gks x;k] rc cMÛs vlkekU; <ax ls Hkjr mls vius cMÛs HkkbZ] jke ds vu`.kRokPp dSd¸s ;k% Lox± n'kjFkks xr%AA II.112.6
fy, le£ir dj nsrs gSAa ckn esa Hkjr viuh leLr çtk lfgr ou esa igq¡pdj ßge Jh jke dks firk ds ½.k ls m½.k ns[kuk pkgrs gSAa rqEgkjs firk us
lcls vuqjks/k djrs gSa fd os Hkh jke dks v;ks/;k ykSVus ds fy;s mudh çkFkZuk dk dSd;s h dks ,d cMÛk opu fn;k FkkA blfy;s os dSd;s h ds ½.kh gSAa bl ½.k ls mUgsa
leFkZu djs]a fdUrq jke bls vLohdkj dj nsrs gSAa Hkjr ds pfj= dh mRÏ"Vrk ;gk¡ eqDr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A blds fy;s dsoy ,d gh ekxZ gS] tks rqEgkjs HkkbZ Jh jke
çdV gksrh gSA us viuk;k gSA vU;Fkk rqEgkjs firk dh vkRek dks d"V gksrkA ;fn rqEgkjs firk ds
rnkuqiOw ;k± ;qDra p ;qDra pkRefu ekunA vkns'k ds foijhr Jh jke igys gh Lo;a dk ;qojkT;fHk"ksd djk ysrs vkSj blesa
jkT;a çkIuqfg /kesZ.k ldkeku~ lqân% dq:AA II.104.10 rqEgkjh ekSu LohÏfr Hkh lfEefyr gksrh vFkok ;fn os vc jkT; dks Lohdkj dj
Hkjr bl çdkj dgrs gS]a ßgekjs b{okdq dqy esa T;s"B iq= gh bl jkT; dk çfrfuf/k ds :i esa rqEgkjs firk ds vkns'k dk ikyu djrs gS]a tSlh fd rqEgkjh ek¡x
vf/kdkjh ekuk tkrk gSA dsoy vki gh bl xkSjo ds mRÏ"V :i ls eqdVq dks /kkj.k gS] rks bldk rkRdkfyd ifj.kke ;g gksxk fd jktk n'kjFk dks udZokl Hkksxuk
djus ds vuq:i gSAa Þ iMÛxs k]Þ ;g Fkk ogk¡ vk, gq, xU/koks]± ½f"k;ks]a fl¼ks]a ije ½f"k;ksa vkSj jkt ½f"k;ksa
ijUrq] Jh jke dk n`f"Vdks.k fcYdqy fHkék gSA muds fy, ;g elyk dk loZlEer erA
jkT;kjksg.k dk ughaA muds fy, rks egku dÙkZO; gS& firk dh çfr"Bk dh j{kk vr,o] ;g dguk Bhd ugha fd Jh jke us jkT; dk ifjR;kx dsoy ,d ckj
djuk] vius firk }kjk fn;s x;s ifo= opu dks iwjk djuk vkSj bl çdkj muds gh fd;kA nwljh ckj Hkh tc jkT; mUgsa is'k fd;k x;k] os vius firk ds çfr
fy;s LoxZ dk ekxZ ç'kLr djukA muds fy, vius firk dh e;kZnk dks fl¼ djuk fu"Bkoku cus jgsa vkSj mUgksua s iqu% jkT; dk ifjR;kx fd;kA vr% lgh vFkZ esa
vko';d gSA ;g ckr xU/koZ rFkk yksxksa us dgh] tks ogk¡ mifLFkr Fks] tgk¡ Jh jke mUgksua s nks ckj jkT; dk ifjR;kx fd;kA vr,o ;g loZFkk mfpr Fkk] tc os
vkSj Hkjr ds chp okfXonX/krk py jgh FkhA lEiw.kZ okrkZyki dkQÛh Å¡ps Lrj ij lqxzho ls dgrs gSa] ßef}/kk ok firq% iq=k% (esjs leku firk ds iq=)AÞ Hkjr ds lkFk

okn&fookn ds le; Jh jke }kjk fn, x, ,d nks oDrO; eSa m¼`r djuk Hkjr us 'k=q?u ls dgk Fkk] ßeSa /keZ ds cU/ku esa c¡/kk gw¡A ;fn eq>s /kekZRek
pkgw¡xk % Jh jke dh ijokg u gks] rks eSa bl nq"V vkpj.k djus okyh ikfiuh dSd;s h ds ekj
lks·ga oufena çkIrks futZua y{e.kkfUor%A Hkh Mkyw¡A ;fn eq>s ;g Hk; u gks fd /kekZRek Jh jke ekr`?kkrh le> dj eq>ls
lhr;k pkçfr}U}% lR;okns fLFkr% firq%AA ?k`.kk djus yxsxa ]s rks eSa bl nq"V vkpj.k djus okyh ikfiuh] dSd;s h dks ekj
Hkokufi rFksR;so firja lR;okfnue~A MkyrkAÞ
drZeq gZfr jktsUæ f{kçesofHk"kspukr~AA II.107.8,9 gU;kegfeeka ikika dSd; s h nq"Vpkfj.khe~A
ßvius firkth dh vkKk ikyu djrs gq, eSa lhrk vkSj y{e.k lfgr bl ;fn eka /kkfeZdks jkeks uklw;Us ekr`?kkrde~AA II.78.22
futZu fodV ou esa pyk vk;k gw¡A ;gk¡ esjk dksbZ çfr}U}h ugha gSA firkth us esjs vuwBs /keZJ¼kyq Jh jke Hkjr ds bl viq=ksfpr LoHkko ls ifjfpr FksA
fy, vkSj rqEgkjs fy, ,d vkns'k fn;k FkkA ftruk dqN esjs ls lacfa /kr Fkk] eSua s iwjk blfy, fonkbZ ds le; os Hkjr dks vkns'k nsrs gSa %
dj fn;kA 'ks"k Hkkx rqEgsa iwjk djuk gSA esjh Hkwfedk vnk gksrh gS] ouxeu esa vkSj
ekrja j{k dSd; s ha ek jks"ka dq: rka çfrA
rqEgkjh 'kh?kz viuk vfHk"ksd djkus esAa Þ e;k p lhr;k pSo 'kIrks·fl j?kqlÙkeAA II.112.27,28
_`.kkUeksp; jktkua eRÑrs Hkjr çHkqeA~ ßeSa rqEgsa viuh rFkk viuh iRuh lhrk dh 'kiFk fnykdj dgrk gw¡ fd rqe
firja =kfg /keZKa ekrja pkfHkuUn;AA II.107.10 ekrk dSd;s h dh j{kk djuk] muds çfr dHkh Øks/k u djuk] lnk lEekuiwod Z
ßrqe esjs fy, iwT; firk th dks dSd;s h ds ½.k ls eqDr djks] ;g esjk vkns'k O;ogkj djukAÞ
gSA mUgsa udZokl ls cpkvks vkSj ekrk dk Hkh vkuUn c<ÛkvksAÞ
vc eSa ,d fcUnq ij vkrk gw¡] tgk¡ eSa dqN vius futh fopkj çdV djuk
bu lc mfpr dk;ks± dks djuk ekr dk dÙkZO; gSA fQj os dgrs gSa % pkgw¡xkA çk;% ,d O;fDr ,d lEcU/k fo'ks"k ds fy, mnkgj.k Lo:i fy;k tk
y{eh'pUæknis;k}k fgeoku~ ok fgea R;tsrA~ ldrk gS] fdUrq Hkzkr`Ro iq=ksfpr dÙkZO;ksa rFkk fo'oluh; fe=rk ds fy, dsoy ,d
vrh;kRlkxjks osyka u çfrKkega firq%AA II.112.18 gh O;fDr gS&a Jh jke] tks bu lHkh lacU/kksa ds çfreku FksA dfo okYehfd jke esa
os iqu% dgrs gS]a ßpkgs pUæek ls mldh T;ksRluk vyx gks tk;s] fgeky; ,d vkn'kZ iq=] ,d vkn'kZ HkkbZ] ,d vkn'kZ fe= vkSj ,d vkn'kZ 'k=q dk :i
fge dk ifjR;kx dj ns vFkok leqæ viuh lhek dks yk¡?kdj vkxs c<Û tk;s] fdUrq fn[kkrs gSAa geus mudk mYys[k ,d vkn'kZ iq= ds :i esa fd;k gSA tc os Lo;a Hkh
eSa firkth dh çfrKk dks ugha rksMÛ ldrkAÞ os bldks bu çkÏfrd vlEHkkoukvksa vius dks ,d vkn'kZ iq= crkrs gS]a rks naMh rFkk vkSjksa ds vuqlkj] ;g xoksfZ oÙk
ds leku vlEHkkO;rk crkrs gSAa ugha] ;FkkFkksfZ Dr gSAS * blds mijkUr ge mudk HkkbZ ds :i esa mYys[k djsxa As HkkbZ
dkek}k rkr yksHkk}k ek=k rqH;fena Ñre~A dh Hkwfedk esa Hkh jke vkSjksa ls dgha vf/kd mRÏ"V FksA dnkfpr~~ dfo dk vk'k;
u rUeufl dÙkZO;a oÆrrO;a p ekròr~AA II.112.19 ^NksVs HkkbZ* ls gS] tc og Hkjr dk mYys[k ,d vkn'kZ HkkbZ ds uewus ds :i esa
ßekrk dSd;s h us dkeuk vFkok yksHko'k rqEgkjs fy, tks dqN Hkh fd;k gS] mldks djrk gSA ;g ns[kus ds fy, fd Hkjr ds lkFk jke us dSlk O;ogkj fd;k] gesa FkksMÛk
eu esa u ykvksA mlds çfr lnk oSlk gh crkZo djks] tSlk fd viuh iwtuh;k ekrk ihNs tkuk iMÛxs kA vkidks Lej.k gksxk fd v;ks/;k dkaM ds mÙkjk/kZ esa tc nksuksa
ds çfr gksuk pkfg,AÞ Hkkb;ksa dk okrkZyki py jgk Fkk] Hkjr dks dqN gBh ikdj Jh jke cksy]s ßrqe dgrs
?kksj ,dkUr {k.kksa esa Hkjr viuh ekrk ds çfr vPNs fopkj u j[krs FksA gks fd tc mUgksua s dSd;s h dh ckr ekuh] firkth ew<Û voLFkk esa Fks] os lfB;k x;s
dSd;s h lacU/k esa muds fopkj brus n`<Û Fks fd os fcuk vukSfpR; ds] ,d ?k`f.kr FksA ijUrq mlls cgqr igys firkth dk] tc rqEgkjh ekrk dSd;s h ds lkFk fookg
fo'ks"k.k yxk;s mldk uke Hkh ugha ysrs FksA gqvk Fkk] rHkh mUgksua s rqEgkjs ukukth dks dSd;s h ds iq= dks jkT; nsus dk opu fn;k FkkA
/keZcU/ksu c)ks·fLe rsues ka usg ekrje~A iqjk% Hkzkr% firk u% l ekrja rs le}gu~A
gfUe rhoz.s k n.Msu n.Mkgk± ikidkfj.khe~AA II.106.9,10 ekrkegs lekJkS"khækT;'kqYdeuqÙkee~AA II.107.3
* Loxq.kkfof"Ø;k nks"kks uk= HkwrkFkZ'kafluAA & dkO;kn'kZ 1.24

og opu vHkh Hkh ekU; gS] bls jí er djksAÞ v;ks/;k igq¡pks vkSj dqN tkudkjh çkIr dj ykSV dj esjs ikl okil vkvksA rqe
nqHkkZX; ls bl okns dk dksbZ vU; ladrs ugha feyrkA dSd;s h us Lo;a D;ksa Hkjr ds ikl tkvks vkSj lEiw.kZ o`ÙkkUr lqukvksA fQj ;g Hkh fuosnu djuk fd Jh
ugha bldk fTÛkØ fd;k\ D;ksa mldh çcksf/kdk nklh] eUFkjk us Hkh bldk fTÛkØ ugha jke 'k=qvksa dks thrdj fe=ksa lfgr v;ks/;k vk jgs gSa vkSj ç;kxjkt rd vk igq¡ps
fd;k\ dgha ij Hkh bldk ladrs ugha fd;k x;kA vk'p;Z gksrk gS] ,slk D;ks\a blds gSAa ;g ckr lqudj Hkjr dh eq[k&eqæk vkSj gko&Hkko esa tks ifjorZu gks] ml ij
fy, vusd leFkZu çLrqr fd;s tkrs gSAa vge~ ckr rks ;g gS fd dsoy ,d O;fDr /;ku nsuk] mlds :i vkSj euksHkkoksa dk fujh{k.k djuk vkSj ns[kuk] mldh esjs
Fkk] ftldks blds fo"k; esa l'kd vfHkKrk Fkh& os Fks jktk n'kjFkA mUgsa vo'; çfr dSlh Hkkouk;sa gS]a ftlls eSa Hkh mlh ds vuqdy w vius joS;s dks <ky ldw¡AÞ ;gk¡
;g lc ;kn Fkk] fdUrq tSl&s tSls pkjksa HkkbZ cMÛs gksrs x,] Jh jke vU; Hkkb;ksa dh dfo pfj=&fp=.k esa ;FkkFkZ ds çfr HkO; leiZ.k vkSj ekuo çÏfr ds çfr
vis{kk fuLlUnsg brus c<Û&p<Û x, fd os lcds fç; cu x,A vU; HkkbZ lc muls rn~:irk n'kkZrk gSA os gesa le>kuk pkgrk gS fd jktlh ifjokjksa esa tc dksbZ cMÛh
cgqr ihNs FksA blh dkj.k] ,slk çrhr gksrk gS fd dSd;s h ds firk v'oifr Hkh jktk phtÛ nko ij gksrh gS] rks ;g fcYdqy vke ckr gS fd ?kfu"B fe=ksa esa Hkh vfo'okl
n'kjFk ls fy, opu dks Hkwy x, vFkok mUgksua s ;g lkspk fd bl fo"k; esa vf/kd iSnk gks ldrk gSA ;g dksbZ vklk/kkj.k ckr ughaA Jh jke dks Hkh ;g fo'ks"krk
TÛkksj Mkyuk le>nkjh ugha gksxhA tc jktk n'kjFk us Jh jke dks ;qojkt in ij mÙkjkf/kdkj esa feyh FkhA
vklhu djuk pkgk] rks ;g Hkh lkspk fd ifjfLFkfr;k¡ Jh jke dks ;qojkt cukus ds ,rPNªRq ok ;ekdkja Hktrs HkjrLrnkAA
fy;s vuqdy w Fkha D;ksfa d Hkjr 'k=q?u ds lkFk vius ekrk ds ?kj ij FksA mUgksua s l p rs osfnrO;% L;kr~ lo± ;Ppkfi eka çfrA
tkucw> dj v'oifr vkSj tud dks fuea=.k i= Hkh ugha Hkst]s cgqr vf/kd nwjh Ks;k'p losZ o`ÙkkUrk HkjrL;sf³~xrkfu pAA
dk cgkuk ysdjA okLrfod dkj.k rks ;g Fkk fd mUgsa v'oifr dks fn;k x;k opu rÙosu eq[ko.ksu Z n`"V~;k O;kHkk"k.ksu pA
;kn FkkA vr% os jke ls dgrs gSa % loZdkele`)a fg gLR;'ojFklady q e~AA
foçksf"kr'p Hkjrks ;konso iqjkfnr%A firìrS kega jkT;a dL; ukorZ;Us eu%A
rkonsokfHk"ksdLrs çkIrdkyks erks eeAA II.4.25 l³~xR;k Hkjr% Jheku~ jkT;kFkhZ psRLo;a HkosrA~ A
ßvc tc fd Hkjr bl uxj ls cgqr nwj gS]a rqEgkjs vfHk"ksd ds fy, ;g ç'kkLrq olq/kka ÑRLukef[kyka j?kquUnu%A
le; vfr vuqdy w gSA fuLlUnsg Hkjr ,d lPpfj= O;fDr gS vkSj og mlh çdkj rL; cqf)a p foKk; O;olk;a p okujAA
dk vkpj.k Hkh djrk gSA rFkkfi---- ;koé nwja ;krk% Le f{kçekxUrqegZflA VI.128.12-17
fda rq fpÙka euq";k.kkefuR;fefr es efr%A II.4.27 Jh jke guqeku ls dgrs gS]a ßleLr euksokafNr Hkksxksa ls lEiék gkFkh] ?kksMÛ]s
euq";ksa dk fpÙk çk;% loZnk ,d lk ugha jgrk] ,slk esjh er gSAÞ vkSj jFkksa ls Hkjiwj viuh prqjxa okfguh }kjk lqjf{kr iqjkru iwot
Z ksa dk jkT; lqyHk
gks tk;s] rks og fdlds eu dks ugha iyV nsrk\ dkSu ,sls jkT; ls fpiVk ugha jguk
ikB ls vk'k; Li"V ugha gSA ijUrq ,slk çrhr gksrk gS fd mudk rkRi;Z ;g
pkgsxk\ ;fn bu pkSng o"kZ ds vUrjky esa fnu&çfrfnu jkT; dk lapkyu
gS fd Hkjr tSls O;fDr;ksa ds lEcU/k eas Hkh lEiék dk;Z laHkkO; ck/kkvksa ls nwj jgus
djrs&djrs jkT; oSHko dk lalxZ gksus ls Hkjr Lo;a Hkh jkT; ds çfr vuqjDr gks
dk lcls vPNk ekxZ gSA ;gk¡ ,d ckr eq>s [kVdrh gSA Hkjr ds LoHkko dks vPNh
x;k gks] ;g dnkfi vLokHkkfod ugha gSA og fu"daVd :i ls HkweMa y dk jkT;
çdkj ls tkurs gq, Hkh Jh jke us D;ksa fojks/k ugha fd;k\ mUgksua s dksbZ fojks/k ugha
djs] vge~ ckr gS] tkdj irk djks] mldh Hkkouk;sa D;k gS\ mldk okLrfod
fd;kA ,slh ckr ugha gS fd mUgksua s n'kjFk dk leFkZu fd;k gks] ijUrq mUgksua s ckr
#>ku fdl vksj gS\Þ
dks dkVk ughaA esjk rks ;gh dguk gS] ;Fkk firk] rFkk iq=A ;g lUnsg dk rÙo Jh
jke ds ân; ls Hkh nwj u Fkks D;ksfa d yadk fot; ds i'pkr~ tc os Hkj}kt eqfu ds ,slk dksbZ ladrs nsus dk esjk dnkfi fopkj ugha gS fd Hkjr ds eu&ekul dk
vkJe ls xqTÛkj jgs Fks] muds efLr"d esa ;s fopkj ?kwers gSa fd v;ks/;k igq¡pus ij Fkkg ysus ;k muds fopkj vkSj bPNkvksa dh Nkuchu djkus ds ihNs Jh jke dk dksbZ
D;k fLFkfr gks ldrh gSA os guqeku dks cqykdj dgrs gS]a ßeq>s rqEgkjh ikj[kh n`f"V dqfVy vfHkçk; FkkA fuLlUnsg muds firk n'kjFk ds eu esa ,d okLrfod veaxy
ij fo'okl gSA rqe v;ks/;k igq¡pks vkSj dqN tkudkjh çkIr dj ykSV dj rkcMÛrksMÛ dk Hk; Fkk] fdUrq Jh jke dk ;g lUnsg ifj"Ïr gSA og fopkj] ftlesa n'kjFk ds

lUnHkZ esa fo}s"k dh xa/k gS] pkgs TÛkjk lh gh] Jh jke ds lUnHkZ esa ifj"Ïr gSA ß;fn foHkh"k.k ls dgrs gS]a ß;g rks Bhd gS fd jko.k vlR; Fkk] v/kehZ FkkA ijUrq] rqEgsa
'kklu dh ckxMksj vius gkFk esa j[kus dh Hkjr dh bPNk gS] rks eSa mlesa dksbZ Hkwyuk ugha pkfg, fd og fdruk egku FkkA vlhe cy] fuHkhZdrk ,oa ijkØe
vojks/k ugha Mkyw¡xkA eSa iqu% naMd ou esa pyk tkÅ¡xkAÞ ,sls Fks] Jh jkeA Hkzkr`Ro lEiék] og bUæ vkSj nsorkvksa ds fy;s Hkh vts; FkkAÞ
dk dksbZ blls cMÛk çek.k gS] rks eSa mls ugha tkurkA ej.kkUrkZus oSjkf.k fuo`Ùka u% ç;kstue~A
eSa nks 'kCn Jh jke ij vkSj dguk pkgw¡xk] muds 'k=q ds :i ds lUnHkZ esAa fØ;rkeL; laLdkjks eekI;s"k ;Fkk roAA VI.114.101-102
Jh jke 'k=q dk Hkh fygkTÛk djrs FksA ;q¼ {ks= esa ckfy dk o/k djus ds i'pkr~ ßoSj dsoy ejus rd gh jgrk gS] e`R;q ds mijkUr lc >xMÛs lekIr gks tkrs
mlds çfr mudk O;ogkj /keZijk;.k gSA jko.k guqeku dk o/k djkuk pkgrk Fkk] gSAaS vc gekjk ç;kstu Hkh fl¼ gks pqdk gSA vr,o] vius HkkbZ dk vfUre laLdkj
tc mUgksua s vius dks lqxhz o dk nwr crk dj ifjp; fn;k FkkA tc foHkh"k.k dh fof/kiwodZ leqfpr <ax ls djksAÞ
iSuh n`f"V ds dkj.k jko.k ds çfl¼ xqIrpjks]a 'kqd vkSj lkju dk irk yx x;k Fkk] TÛkjk lkspdj rks nsf[k,] fo'kkyân;rk fdruh Å¡pkbZ dks Nw ldrh gSA tc
Jh jke dk crkZo muds çfr Hkh mnkj FkkA mUgksua s u dsoy mUgsa {kek çnku dh] Jh jke lkFk esa ;g Hkh dgrs gS]a ßtSls og rqEgkjk HkkbZ gS oSls esjk Hkh gSAÞ Vhdkdkjksa
vfirq lc dqN ns[k ysus vkSj foHkh"k.k ls lc tkudkjh çkIr djus dh Hkh NwV ns us Bhd gh dgk gS fd êekI;s"k ;Fkk ro* dk vFkZ gS] ße`R;q ds i'pkr~ eSa mldks HkkbZ
nhA Jh jke dh Ïik n`f"V ls gh os cp x,] vU;Fkk okujksa }kjk lh/ks ;eiqjh Hkst ds leku ekurk gw¡A ;fn mldh vUR;sf"V rqe ugha djksx]s rks eSa djus ds fy;s rS;kj
fn, tkrsA mUgksua s vius 'k=q ds lkFk Hkh ,slk ;q¼ fd;k] tks ljkguh; gSA tc gw¡AÞ ;g dksbZ vfr'k;ksfDr ugha gSA
x#MÛ vkdj viuk ifjp; nsrs gS]a Lo;a dks Jh jke dk vkReh; fe= vkSj mudk
ckgj fopjus okyk çk.k crkdj tks Jh jke vkSj y{e.k dh lgk;rk ds fy;s
mifLFkr gS %
vga l[kk rs dkdqRLFk fç;% çk.kks cfg'pj%A
x:Rekfug laçkIrks ;qo;ks% lkádkj.kkr~AA VI.50.46
ml le; x#MÛ ,d vlk/kkj.k okD; dk ç;ksx djrs gSa %
l[ks jk?ko /keZK fjiw.kkefi oRlyA VI.50.56
ßvki rks 'k=qvksa ij Hkh n;k djus okys /keZK fe= gS]Þ ;g Jh jke ds
fof'k"V xq.kksa esa ls ,d dk Lej.kh; o.kZu gSA
,d vfUre ckr gSA jko.k dh e`R;q ds i'pkr~ foHkh"k.k ;g Lej.k dj] fd
jko.k vkSj mlds chp dksbZ çse Hkko ugha Fkk] ,d /keZ ladksp esa iMÛ tkrk gSA D;k
,slh ifjfLFkfr esa mlds fy, jko.k dk vfUre laLdkj djuk /kekZud q y
w vkSj
mfpr gksxk\ rc Jh jke vkxs vkdj vius 'k=q dh egkurk Lohdkj djrs gSAa
vo';a rq {kea okP;ks e;k Roa jk{kls'ojA
v/kekZur ` la;D
q r% dkea Ros"k fu'kkpj%AA
rstLoh cyok´'kwj% la;qxs"kq p fuR;'k%A
'krØrqeq[kSnsZoS% Jw;rs u ijkftr%AA
egkRek cylaiéks jko.kks yksdjko.k%A VI.114.99.101
;ks¼kvksa esa fuiq.krk vkSj {kerk ewyHkwr xq.k ekus tkrs gSAa ;fn ,d ;ks¼k
cy'kkyh vkSj 'kwjohj gS] rks og vU; ;ks¼k dk ç'kalkik= gksrk gSA vr% Jh jke
116 jkek;.k ds T;ksfr&LrEHk uok¡ v/;k; 117

/keZfHkrIrk% itZU;a ºykn;Urkfeo çtk%A
u rriZ lek;kUra i';ekuks ujkf/ki%AA II.3.28-30
ßJh jke xU/koZjkt ds leku rstLoh FksA mudk ikS#"k leLr lalkj esa
uok¡ v/;k; fo[;kr FkkA mudh Hkqtk;sa cMÛh vkSj cy egku FkkA pky erokys xtjkt ds
leku Fkh] eq[k pUæek ds leku dkfUreku Fkk] tks lcdks vkd£"kr djrk FkkA os
jke vius :i lkSUn;Z vkSj mnkjrk vkfn xq.kksa ls lcdks fç; yxrs FksA tSls rIr
çkf.k;ksa dks es?k vkufUnr djrk gS] mlh çdkj leLr çtk dks çlék j[krs FksAÞ
dSds;h }kjk eUFkjk ls jke dh ppkZ %
lEikndksa dks [ksn gS fd bl O;k[;ku dh dksbZ fjiksVZ çkIr u gks ldhA blesa /keZKks xq.kokUnkUr% ÑrK% lR;okŃqfp%A
Jh jke ds ouokl rFkk fp=dwV ij Hkjr feyki rd ds çlaxksa dk mYys[k FkkA jkeks jktlqrks T;s"Bks ;kSojkT;erks·gZfrAA
O;k[;ku ds uksVksa ls ladfyr eq[;&eq[; 'kh"kZd vkSj i<Ûs x;s 'yksd bl çdkj HkzkrÙHk`R;kaÜp nh?kkZ;%q firòRikyf;";frA
gSa % ;Fkk oS Hkjrks ekU;LrFkk Hkw;ks·fi jk?ko%AA
jke dh /keZ J¼k % dkSlY;krks·frfjDra p ee 'kqJ"w krs cgqA
jkT;a ;fn fg jkeL; HkjrL;kfi rÙknkA
jke% lRiq:"kks yksds lR;% /keZijk;.k%A eU;rs fg ;FkkRekua rFkk Hkzkrà'o jk?ko%AA II.8.14,15,18-19
lk{kkækekf}fuo`ÙZ kks /keZ'pkfi fJ;k lgAA ßdqCts! Jh jke /keZ ds Kkrk] xq.koku] ftrsfUæ;] ÏrK vkSj lR;oknh gSAa
/keZK% lR;lU/k'p 'khyokuulw;d%A egkjkt ds T;s"B iq= Hkh gSAa vr% ;qojkt in ds vf/kdkjh Hkh os gh gSAa os nh?kZthoh
'kkUr% lkUrof;rk 'y{.k% ÑrKks foftrsfUæ;%AA gksdj vius Hkkb;ksa vkSj ifjtuksa dk firk ds leku ikyu djsxa As dqCts! muds
O;lus"kq euq";k.kka Hk`'ka Hkofr nq%f[kr%AA vfHk"ksd dk lekpkj ikdj rw D;ksa bruh ty D;ksa jgh gS\ esjs fy, tSls Hkjr
mRlos"kq p los"Z kq firso ifjrq";frA II.2.29,31,40,41 vknj dk ik= gS] oSls gh] cfYd muls Hkh c<Ûdj] Jh jke gSa D;ksfa d os rks dkS'kY;k
ßJh jke lalkj esa lR;oknh] lR;ijk;.k vkSj lRiq#"k gSAa lk{kkr~ Jh jke us ls Hkh c<Ûdj esjh lsok djrs gSAa ;fn jkT; Jh jke dks fey Hkh jgk gS] rks mls Hkjr
gh vFkZ ds lkFk /keZ dks Hkh çfrf"Br fd;k gSA Jh jke /keZK] lR;çfrK] 'khyoku] dks feyk le>A Jh jke rks vius Hkkb;ksa dks Hkh vius gh leku le>rs gSAa Þ
vnks"kn'khZ] 'kkUr] fucZy vkSj nhu nqf[k;ksa dks lgk;rk djus okys] e`nqHkk"kh] n'kjFk }kjk dSds;h ls jke dh ppkZ %
ÏrK] ftrsfUæ;] dksey LoHkko okys] fLFkjcqf¼] lnk dY;k.kdkjh] leLr çkf.k;ksa ukya f}rh;a opua iq=ks eka çfrHkkf"krqeA~
ds çfr fç;opu cksyus okys vkSj lR;oknh gSAa uxj es]a euq";ksa ij ladV vkus ij l oua çoztRs ;qDrks ck<feR;so o{;frAA
os cgqr nq[kh gks tkrs gSa vkSj mu lcds ?kjksa esa lc çdkj ds mRlo gksus ij mUgsa ;fn es jk?ko% dq;kZ}ua xPNsfr pksfnr%A
firk dh Hkk¡fr çlékrk gksrh gSAÞ çfrdwya fç;a es L;ké rq oLr% dfj";frAA
jke dk 'kkjhfjd lkSUn;Z % 'kq)Hkkoks fg Hkkoa es u rq KkL;fr jk?ko%AA II.12.85,86
ßvius iq= Jh jke ls ;fn eSa dg nw¡] rqe ou pys tkvks] rks os rqjUr ^cgqr
xU/koZjktçfrea yksds fo[;krikS:"ke~A
vPNk*] dgdj esjh vkKk dk ikyu djsxa As esjk iq= vU; ckr u dgdj eq>s
nh?kZckgqa egklÙoa eÙkekr³~xkfeue~AA
çfrdwy mÙkj u nsxkA ;fn esjh vkKk nsus ij Hkh jke mlds foijhr djrs ou ugha
pUædkUrkuua jkeerho fç;n'kZue~A
tkrs] rks esjs fy;s fç; dk;Z gksxk] fdUrq esjk csVk dHkh ,slk ugha djsxkAÞ
#ikSnk;Zx.q kS% iqalka n`f"VfpÙkkigkfj.ke~AA
116

jke dh rVLFkrkA çtk vfHk"ksd dh çrh{kk djrh gS % Hk{k;s;a fo"ka rh{.ka irs;efi pk.kZoAs
vye| fg HkqDrsu ijekFkSjZ ya p u%A fu;qDrks xq:.kk fi=k uìs.k p fgrsu pAA
;fn i';ke fu;kZUra jkea jkT;s çfrf"Bre~AA rn~ czfw g opua nsfo jkKks ;nfHkdk³~f{kre~A
rrks fg u% fç;rja ukU;fRdafp˜fo";frA dfj";s çfrtkus p jkeks f}ukZfHkHkk"krsAA II.18.28-30
;FkkfHk"ksdks jkeL; jkT;sukferrstl%AA ßvgks! f/kDdkj gS! nsfo! vkidks esjs çfr ,slh ckr ugha dguh pkfg, FkhA eSa
,rk'pkU;k'p lqânkeqnklhu% 'kqHkk% dFkk%A egkjkt ds dgus ij vkx esa dwn ldrk gw¡] fo"kiku Hkh dj ldrk gw¡] leqæ esa Hkh
vkRelait w uh% Ük`.oU;;kS jkeks egkiFke~AA dwn ldrk gw¡A egkjkt esjs xq#] firk vkSj fgrS"kh lHkh dqN gSAa eSa mudh vkKkuqdy
w
u fg rLekUeu% df'pPp{kq"kh ok ujksÙkekr~A D;k ugha dj ldrk\ vr% ekrk&firk th dh tks Hkh bPNk gks] og eq>s crkvksA eSa
uj% 'kDuksR;ikØ"VqefrØkUrs·fi jk?kosAA çfrKk djrk gw¡] mls vo'; gh iw.kZ d:¡xkAÞ jke nks çdkj dh ckrsa ugha djrkA
;'p jkea u i';sÙkq ;a p jkeks u i';frA dSds;h dk ncko Mkyuk %
fufUnr% loZyksd"s kq LokRekI;sua foxgZrAs A II.17.10-15 ;fn lR;çfrKa Roa firja drZfq ePNflA
çtk ds yksx vkil esa dgus yxs] ßHkkb;ks!a ;fn ge jkT; ij çfrf"Br Jh vkRekua p ujJs"B ee okD;fena Ük`.kqAA
jke ds n'kZu dj ys]a rks gesa lalkj ds Hkksx vkSj ijekFkZ Lo:i eks{k ysdj D;k lafuns'ks firqfLr"B ;Fkkusu çfrJqre~A
djuk\ egkrstLoh jke dk ;fn jkT;kfHk"ksd gks tk;s] rks gekjs fy;s mlls fç;rj ,rRdq: ujsUæL; opua j?kquUnuA
dk;Z nwljk dkSu&lk gksxk\Þ vius fe=x.k rFkk çtktu ls viuh ç'kalk lqudj lR;su egrk jke rkj;Lo ujs'oje~AA 11.19.6
Jh jke jktiFk ij c<Ûs pys tk jgs FksA ßujJs"B! ;fn rqe vius firk dks lR;çfrK cukuk pkgrs gks vkSj Lo;a dks
Jh jke dks tks ,d ckj ns[k ysrk Fkk] og mUgsa ,dVd ns[krk gh jgrk FkkA Hkh lR;fu"B j[kus dh vfHkyk"kk djrs gks] rks esjh ;g ckr lquksA viuh çfrKk ds
nwj tkus ij Hkh n`f"V gVk ugha ikrk FkkA ml le; tks Jh jke dks ugha ns[krk vuqlkj rqe firk dh vkKk ds v/khu jgksA mlds vuqlkj rks rqEgs pkSng o"kZ i;ZUr
vFkok ftls Jh jke ugha ns[k ysr]s og leLr yksdksa esa fufUnr le>k tkrk Fkk ou esa jguk iMÛxs kA j?kquUnu! rqe jktk dh bl vkKk dk ikyu djds buds egku
D;ksfa d Lo;a mldh vUrjkRek Hkh mls f/kDdkjrh FkhA lR; dh j{kk djks vkSj egkjkt dks bl ladV ls eqDr djksAÞ
jke vkKk ikyu djus dh 'kiFk ysrs gSa % ßysfdu firk th us Lo;a ;g ckr eq>ls D;ksa u dgh\Þ
vrks"k;UegkjktedqoUZ ok firqop Z %A vyhda ekula Rosda ân;a ngrho esA
eqgr
w eZ fi usPNs;a thfora dqfirs uìAs A Lo;a ;ékg eka jktk HkjrL;kfHk"kspue~AA
;rksey w a uj% i';sRçknqHkkZofegkReu%A ßfdUrq esjs eu dks ,d gk£nd nq%[k gS fd Lo;a egkjkt us Hkjr ds vfHk"ksd
dFka rfLeé orsr Z çR;{ks lfr nSorsAA II.12. 85-86 dh ckr eq> ls D;ksa ugha dgh\Þ
ßegkjkt dks vlar"q V djds vFkok mudh vkKk u eku dj] mUgsa dqfir dj dSds;h dk vuqjks/k %
nsus ij eSa nks ?kMÛh Hkh thfor jguk ugha pkgw¡xkA euq";] ftuds dkj.k bl lalkj esa
ozkM
s kfUor% Lo;a ;Pp uìLRoka ukfHkHkk"krsA
tUe ysrk gS] ml çR;{k nsork firk ds thrs&th og mlds vuqdy w crkZo D;ksa u
uSrfRdafpéjJs"B eU;qj"s kks·iuh;rke~A II.19.15
djsxk\Þ
ßujJs"B! jktk vf/kd yfTtr gksus ds dkj.k ;g ckr Lo;a u dgrs gSAa ;g
jke vius ân; dh ckr dgrs gSa % fo"k; bruk fparuh; ugha gSA vr,o] ;g osnuk rqe vius eu ls fudky nksAÞ
vgks f/k³~ ukgZls nsfo oDrqa ekehn`'ka op%A jke rqjUr ou tkus ds fy;s rRij gSa vkSj xgu fojks/k djrs gq,] vius mPp
vga fg opukækK% irs;efi ikodsAA fopkj çdV djrs gSa %

ukgeFkZijks nsfo yksdekoLrqeRq lgsA guqeku ls lhrk ds okrkZyki dk fooj.k %
fof) eke`f"kfHkLrqY;a foeya /keZekfLFkre~AA
rrLra LFkfojks jktk lR;/kesZ O;ofLFkr%A
u árks /keZpj.ka fdafpnfLr egÙkje~A
T;s"Ba ;'kfLoua iq=a :nu~ jkT;e;kprAA
;Fkk firfj 'kqJ"w kk rL; ok opufØ;kAA
l firqop Z ua JhekufHk"ksdkRija fç;e~A
vuqDrks·I;=Hkork HkoR;k opuknge~A
eulk iwoeZ klk| okpk çfrx`ghroku~AA
ous oRL;kfe fotus o"kkZ.khg prqn'Z kAA
n|ké çfrx`º.khr;kRlR;a cz; w ké pku`re~A
;koUekrjeki`PNs lhrka pkuqu;kE;ge~A
vfi thforgsrksÆg jke% lR;ijkØe%AA V.33.23-26
rrks·|So xfe";fe n.Mdkuka eg}ue~AA
ßegkjkt n'kjFk cMÛs lR;oknh Fks] mUgksua s vius ;'kLoh T;s"B iq= Jh jke ls
Hkjr% iky;sækT;a 'kqJ"w ksPp firq;FZ kkA
jksr&s jksrs Hkjr ds fy;s jkT; ek¡xkA Jh jke dks firk ds opu jkT;kfHk"ksd ls Hkh
rFkk HkoR;k dÙkZO;a l fg /keZ% lukru%AA II.19.20,22,23,25,26
dgha vf/kd fç; FksA vr% mUgksua s igys mu opuksa dks iw.kZ fo'okl ds lkFk eu ls
ßnsfo! eSa /ku dh dkeuk djds bl yksd esa jguk ugha pkgrkA vki fo'okl
xzg.k fd;k vkSj fQj ok.kh }kjk Lohdkj dj fy;kA lR;ijkØeh Jh jke dsoy nsrs
jf[k,] eSua s Hkh ½f"k;ksa ds leku fueZy /keZ dk vkJ; ys j[kk gSA firk dh lsok vkSj
gh gS]a ysrs ughaA os lnk lR; cksyrs gS]a os vius çk.kksa dh j{kk gsrq Hkh >wB ugha cksy
mudh vkKk dk ikyu djuk esjk ije dÙkZO; vkSj /keZ gSA mlls cMÛk lalkj esa
ldrsAÞ
nwljk /kekZpj.k dkSu&lk gksxk\ ;|fi firkth us Lo;a eq>ls dqN ugha dgk gS]
folaxfr ds lek/kku ds fy;s ,d lkgfld ç;Ru& n'kjFk us jksr&s jksrs
rFkkfi eSa vkidh vkKkuqlkj pkSng o"kks± rd bl /kjrh ds futZu ou esa fuokl
;kpuk dhAÞ dgrs gSa fQj firk dh ^bPNk^ vFkok ^vkKk^ dk D;k gksrk gS\
d:¡xkA vPNk! vc eSa ekrk dkS'kY;k ls vkKk ysdj vkSj lhrk dks le>kdj vkt
gh fo'kky naMdkj.; ds fy;s çLFkku d:¡xkA vki bruk ç;Ru dhft;sxk] ftlls jke dh lefpÙkrk %
Hkjr bl jkT; dk ikyu vkSj firkth dh lsok djrs jgs]a D;ksfa d ;gh lukru /keZ
brho jkea i:"ka onUr;ka u pSo jke% çfros'k 'kksde~A
gSAÞ
çfoO;Fksoks pkfi egkuqHkkoks jktk p iq=O;lukfHkrIr%AA
jko.k ls lhrk }kjk bl çlax dk fooj.k % rnfç;efe=?uks opua ej.kksiee~A
dSd; s h ee HkrkZjfeR;qokp æqra op%A JqRok u foO;Fks jke% dSd; s ha psneczohr~AA
ro fi=k lekKIra eesna Ük`.kq jk?koAA u pkL; egrha y{eha jkT;kuk'kks·id"kZfrA
Hkjrk; çnkrO;fena jkT;ed.Vde~A yksddkUrL; dkUrRokPNhrj'esfjo {k;%AA
Ro;k rq [kyq oLrO;a uo o"kkZf.k i´p pAA u oua xUrqdkeL; R;tR'p olqU/kjke~A
ous çozt dkdqRLFk firja eksp;ku`rkr~A loZyksdkfrxLpso y{;rs fpÙkfofØ;kAA
n|ké çfrx`º.kh;kRlR;a cz; w ké pku`re~A /kkj;Ueulk nq%[kfefUæ;kf.k fux`á pA*
,rn~ czkã.ka jkeL; ozra /k`reuqÙkee~AA III.47.14-18 çfoos'kkReokUos'e ekrqjfç;'kafloku~AA
ßdSd;s h esjs ifr ls rqjUr cksyh] Þj?kquUnuA rqEgkjs firkth us tks vkKk nh loksZ·I;fHktu% Jhek´Jher% lR;okfnu%A
gS]a bls esjs eq¡g ls lquksA ;g fu"daVd jkT; Hkjr dks fn;k tk;sxk vkSj rqEgsa pkSng uky{k;r jkeL; dafpnkdkjekuusAA
o"kZ i;ZUr ou esa okl djuk gksxkA jke! rqe ou dks tkvks vkSj vius firks dks mfpra p egkckgquZ tgkS g"kZekReoku~A
vlR; ds cU/ku ls eqDr djksA^ esjs Lokeh] Jh jke dsoy nsrs gSa vkSj fdlh ls dqN 'kkjn% leqnh.kk±'kq'pUæLrst bokRete~AAII.18.41; II.19.1,32,33, 35-37
ysrs ughaA os lR;oknh gS vkSj ;gh mudk loksÙZ ke ozr gS] ftldks os /kkj.k fd, gq,
gSaAÞ
* nsf[k, v-5, i`- 71.

dSd;s h ds bl çdkj ds dBksj opu lqudj Hkh Jh jke dks ys'kek= 'kksd txr esa iwoÏZ r /keZ ds Qy dh çkfIr vo'; gksrh gS] blesa la'k; ughaA Bhd mlh
ugha gqvk] fdUrq egkjkt n'kjFk iq= ds Hkkoh fo;ksx dks lkspdj vR;Ur nq%[kh gq,A çdkj] tSls iRuh] /keZ] vFkZ vkSj dke rhuksa dk lk/ku gSA og ifr dh bPNkuqlkj
mu vfç; dBksj opuksa dks lqudj Hkh fjiqlnw u Jh jke nq%[kh u gq,A mUgksua s dSd;s h vkfrF; /keZ dks fuckgrh gS] çs;lh ds :i esa dke dk lk/ku gksrh gS vkSj iq=orh
ls bl çdkj dgk] ßJh jke v{k; dkfUr ls ;qDr FksA blfy;s ml le; jkT; ds :i esa mÙke yksd dh çkfIr :i vFkZ dh lkf/kdk curh gSA ftl deZ esa /kekZfn
gkfu mudh egrh dkfUr esa dqN vUrj u Mky ldh] tSls pUæek dk {kh.k gksuk] lc iq#"kkFkks± dk lekos'k u gks] mldks ugha djuk pkfg,A tks dsoy vFkZ Ûijk;.k
mldh lgt 'kksHkk esa dqN vUrj ugha Mky ldrkA os ou xeu ds fy, mRlqd Fks gksrk gS] og bl lalkj esa lcdk }s"k dk ik= cu tkrk gS rFkk /keZfo#¼ dk;Z
vkSj lEiw.kZ i`Foh dk jkT; R;kx jgs FksA fQj Hkh muds fpÙk esa loZyksdkrhr ç'kaluh; ugha] fuUnuh; gSAÞ
thoueqDr larksa dh Hkk¡fr fdlh çdkj dk fodkj ugha vk;kA os vius nq%[k dks jke dk ijke'kZ viuh ekrk dks %*
nckdj] bfUæ;ksa dks o'k esa djds ;g vfç; lekpkj lqukus ds fy, viuh ekrk ds
rka rFkk :nrha jkeks·:nUopueczohr~AA
ikl x,A ml le; mUgksua s eu dks iw.kZ :i ls o'k esa dj j[kk FkkA tks 'kksHkk'kkyh
euq"; lnk lR;oknh Jheku jke ds fudV jgk djrs Fks] mUgksua s Hkh muds eq[k ij thoUR;k fg fL=;k HkrkZ nSora çHkqjos pA
HkoR;k ee pSok| jktk çHkofr çHkq%AA
dksbZ fodkj ugha ns[kkA egk;'kLoh Jh jke us viuh LoHkkfod çlékrk mlh çdkj
ugha NksMÛh] tSls 'kjndky dk pUæek vius rst dk ifjR;kx ugha djrkAÞ u áukFkk o;a jkKk yksdukFksu /kherkA
Hkjr'pkfi /kekZRek loZHkwrfç;aon%AA
jke&y{e.k ds vkpj.k dh rqyuk dhft, % Hkorheuqorsr Z l fg /keZjr% lnkA
ra ck"iifjiw.kkZ{k% i`"Brks·uqtxke gA ;Fkk ef; rq fu"ØkUrs iq='kksdu s ikÆFko%AA
y{e.k% ijeØq)% lqfe=kuUno/kZu%AA II.19.30 Jea ukokIuq;kr~ fdafpnçeÙkk rFkk dq:A
lqfe=k dk vkuUn c<Ûkus okys y{e.k bl vU;k; dks ns[kdj vR;Ur dqfir gq,] nk:.k'pkI;;a 'kksdks ;FkSua u fouk'k;srA~ A
rFkkfi nksuksa us=ksa esa vk¡lv
q ksa dks Hkjdj os pqipki Jh jke ds ihNs&ihNs py fn,A jkKks o`)L; lrra fgra pj lekfgrkA
ozrksioklfujrk ;k ukjh ijeksÙkekAA
jke dk ,dkdh xkSjo %
HkrkZja ukuqorsr Z lk p ikixfrHkZor s A~
l ekrja pSo folaKdYikekr± p lkSfef=efHkçrIre~ A Hkrq%Z 'kqJ"w k;k ukjh yHkrs LoxZeÙq kee~AA
/kesZ fLFkrks /kE;Zeoq kp okD;a ;Fkk l ,okgZfr r= oDrqeA~ A vfi ;k fuuZeLdkjk fuo`Ùkk nsoiwtukr~A
vga fg rs y{e.k fuR;eso tkukfe HkfDra p ijkØea pA 'kqJ"w kkeso dqohZr HkrZ%q fç;kfgrs jrkAA
ee RofHkçk;elafujh{; ek=k lgkH;nZfl eka lqn%q [ke~AA ,"k /keZ% fL=;k fuR;ks yksds osns Jqr% Le`r%A
/kekZFkZdkek% [kyq thoyksds lehf{krk /keZQyksn;s"kqAA vfXudk;sZ"kq p lnk lqeuksfHk'p nsork%AA
;s r= losZ L;qjla'k;a es Hkk;soZ o';kfHkerk liq=kAA iwT;kLrs eRÑrs nsfo czkã.kk'pSo lRÑrk%A
;fLeaLrq losZ L;qjlafufo"Vk /keksZ ;r% L;kÙknqiØesrA ,oa dkya çrh{kLo eekxeudk³~f{k.khAA
}s";ks HkoR;FkZijks fg yksds dkekRerk [kYofi u ç'kLrkAAI.21.55-58 fu;rk fu;rkgkjk HkrZ'` kqJ"w k.ks jrkA
/keZfu"B Jh jke us vpsr&lh ek¡ dkS'kY;k ls vkSj vkrZ ,oa larIr gq, çkIL;rs ijea dkea ef; i;fxrs lfrAA
y{e.k ls Hkh ,slh /kekZud q y
w ckr dgh] tSlh ml volj ij os gh dg ldrs Fks] ;fn /keZHk`rka Js"Bks /kkjf;";fr thfore~AA II.24.20-31
ßy{e.k! eSa tkurk gw¡ fd rqe eq>ls fdruk çse djrs gks vkSj rqe fdrus ijkØeh viuh ekrk dks jksrh ns[kdj Jh jke Hkh lkURouk nsr&s nsrs jksus yxs] ßek¡! L=h ds
Hkh gks] og Hkh eq>ls fNik ugha gSA rFkkfi rqe esjs vfHkçk; dks u tkudj ek¡ ds thrs&th mldk ifr gh mlds fy;s nsork ds leku gSA egkjkt rks rqEgkjs vkSj esj&s
lkFk Lo;a Hkh eq>s O;fFkr dj jgs gksA bl çdkj eq>s cgqr nq%[k esa u MkyksA bl * nsf[k, v-19.

nksuksa ds çHkq gSaA tc rd egkjkt thfor gSa] rc rd gesa vius vkidks vukFk ugha vkjk/kuk vkSj lsok djus ls jktk çlék gksrs gSa rFkk çfrdwy O;ogkj djus ls dqfir
le>uk pkfg,A Hkjr Hkh /kekZRek gS] e/kqj Hkk"kh gS] /keZ esa fLFkj gSA vr% og rqEgkjh gksus dh lEHkkouk gSA
lsok vo'; djsxkA esjs pys tkus ij egkjkt dks iq='kksd ds dkj.k fdlh çdkj dk jktk vius vfgrdkjh iq=ksa dk] os vkSjl gh D;ksa u gks]a R;kx dj nsrs gSa vkSj
dksbZ d"V u gks] rqe lko/kkuh ls oSlk gh cjrukA tSls Hkh gks] rqe lnk egkjkt ds fgr vkReh; u gksus ij Hkh lkeF;Zoku iq#"kksa dks viuk ysrs gSAa jke vius firk ls ekrk
lk/ku esa yxh jgukA mRÏ"V xq.k vkSj tkfr vkfn dh n`f"V ls mÙke ozr&miokl esa dkS'kY;k ds çfr n;kHkko ds fy;s vuqjks/k djrs gSa vkSj viuh ekrkvksa ls vufHkçsr
layXu jgdj tks ukjh ifr dh lsok ugha djrh] mls udZ dh çkfIr gksrh gSA tks ukjh mis{kkvksa ds fy;s {kek ek¡xrs gSAa Þ
nsorkvksa dh oUnuk vkSj iwtk ls nwj jgrh gS] og Hkh dsoy ifr dh lsokHkko gSA og
LoxZyksd dks çkIr dj ysrh gSaA vr,o ukjh dks lnk ifr ds fç; ,oa fgrlk/ku esa jke vkSj xqgjkt& muds vkfrF; dh vLohÏfr %
rRij jguk pkfg,A ;gh L=h dk lukru /keZ gS] ;gh Jqfr vkSj Le`fr;ksa esa o£.kr gSA ;fÙona Hkork fdafpr~çhR;k leqidfYire~A
nsfo! rqEgsa lnk esjh 'kqHkdkeukvksa ls lnk vfXugks= ds voljksa ij nsorkvksa vkSj lo± rnuqtkukfe u fg orsZ çfrxzgsAA
czkã.kksa dk iwtu djrs jguk pkfg,A bl çdkj fu;fer fnup;kZ] fu;fer vkgkj ysdj dq'kphjkftu/kja Qyewyk'kua p eke~A
fu;eksa dk ikyu djrh gqbZ] esjs vkxeu dh çfr{kk djksA ;fn egkjkt thfor jgs] rks fof) çf.kfgra /kesZ rkila ouxkspje~AA
esjs ykSVus ij rqEgkjh Hkh 'kqHkdkeuk iw.kZ gksxhAÞ
v'okuka [kknusukgeFkhZ ukU;so dsufpr~A
jke dk lhrk dks ijke'kZ % rr'phjksÙkjkl³~x% lU/;keUokL; if'peke~A
HkjrL; lehis rs ukga dRF;% dnkpuAA tyesoknns HkksT;a y{;.ksukâra Lo;e~AA II.50.43-45,48,49
_`f);qDrk fg iq:"kk u lgUrs ijLroe~A ßrqeus çseiwod Z ;g tks dqN tks lkexzh eq>s HksVa dh gS] mls eSa Lohdkj djds
rLeké rs xq.kk% dRF;k% HkjrL;kxzrks eeAA* okil djrk gw¡ D;ksfa d bl le; eSa nwljksa dh nh gqbZ oLrq xzg.k ugha dj ldrk gw¡A
Hkzkrì=q lekS pkfi æ"VO;kS p fo'ks"kr%A e`xpeZ vkSj oYdy /kkj.k djds dsoy Qyewy dk vkgkj dj /keZ esa fLFkr jgdj
Ro;k Hkjr'k=q?ukS çk.kS% fç;rjkS eeAA** rkilh ns'k esa ou esa gh fopjrk gw¡A ;g esjk fu;e gS] ,slk tkuksA buesa tks ?kksMÛkas ds
fofç;a p u dÙkZO;a HkjrL; dnkpuA [kkus&ihus dh oLrq gS] mlh dh eq>s bl le; vko';drk gS] fdlh nwljh oLrq dh
l fg jktk p oSnfs g ns'kL; p dqyL; pAA ughaA ?kksMÛkas dks f[kyk&fiyk nsus ek= ls esjk iw.kZ lRdkj gks tk;sxkAÞ
vkjkf/krk fg 'khysu ç;RuS'pksilsfork%A rRi'pkr~ oYdy dk mÙkjh;&oL= /kkj.k djus okys jke us lka;dky dh
jktku% laçlhnfUr çÑI;fUr foi;Z;As A lU/;k oanuk dj Hkkstu ds uke ij Lo;a y{e.k dk yk;k x;k dsoy tyek= ih
fy;kA fQj iRuh lfgr Jh jke Hkwfe ij gh r`.k dh 'k¸;k fcNk dj lks,A ml le;
vkSjlkufi iq=ku~ fg R;tUR;fgrdkfj.k%A
y{e.k mu nksuksa ds pj.kksa dks /kksdj nwj o`{k dk lgkjk ysdj cSB x,A
leFkkZUlaçx`º.kfUr tukufi ujkf/kik%AA II.26.24,25,33-36
ßbl le; eSa futZuou ds fy;s çLFkku djus okyk gw¡ vkSj rqels feyus ;gk¡ xqg ckn esa Hkjr ls crkrs gSa %
vk;k gw¡A rqe esjh vuqifLFkfr esa Hkjr ds lkeus dHkh Hkh esjh ç'kalk u djuk D;ksafd rRlo± çR;uqKklhr~ jke% lR;ijkØe%A
le`f¼'kkyh euq"; nwljs dh Lrqfr lgu ugha dj ldrs gSaA Hkjr vkSj 'k=q?u& nksuksa u rq rRçR;x`º.kkRl {k=/keZeuqLeju~AA
HkkbZ eq>s çk.kksa ls Hkh vf/kd I;kjs gSaA vr% rqEgsa mu nksuksa dks fo'ks"kdj vius HkkbZ vkSj u áLekfHk% çfrxzkáa l[ks ns;a rq loZnkA
iq= ds leku ns[kuk gksxkA tkudh! rqEgsa Hkjr dh bPNk ds fo#¼ dksbZ dke ugha djuk bfr rsu o;a losZ vuquhrk egkReukAA
pkfg, D;ksafd bl le; os esjs ns'k vkSj dqy ds jktk gSaA vuqdwy vkpj.k ds }kjk y{e.ksu ;nkuhra ihra okfj egkReukA
vkSiokL;a rnk·dk"khZæk?ko% lg lhr;kAA
* nsf[k, v-35.
** nsf[k, v-4, i`-50.
rrLrq ty'ks"ks.k y{e.kks·I;djksÙknkA II.87.15-18

ßeSua s Hkk¡fr&Hkk¡fr ds [kk| inkFkZ Jh jke ds ikl igq¡pk;sA lR;ijkØeh Jh jkes fda f pRdfj";fr ps n ~ ,ua p çgjke bfr lko/kkuk eka
jke us esjh lEiw.kZ lkexzh Lohdkj rks dh] fdUrq {kf=; /keZ dk Lej.k djrs gq, çfrineUolju~ bR;FkZ%A ,oLFkkus Hko'kf³~dfHk% Ñre~A oLrqr% l
mudks xzg.k ugha fd;k vkSj eq>s vknjiwod Z okil ykSVk fn;kA fQj mUgksua s ge u dsukfpRifjHkkO; bR;kgA & egsUædYifefrA
lcdks le>krs gq, dgk] fç; fe=! ge {kf=;ksa dks pkfg, fdlh ls dqN ysuk ugha] xksfoUnjkt dh bl foy{k.k fVIi.kh dk D;k vFkZ gks ldrk gS\ bl fVIi.kh
vfirq gesa rks lnk nsuk gh pkfg,AÞ ij esjh ,d fVIi.kh lqfu, % ,d vewY; fuf/k dbZ O;fDr;ksa }kjk lqjf{kr dh xbZ
lhrk lfgr ml jkr dks mUgksua s miokl fd;k vkSj y{e.k tks ty yk;s Fks] gSA muesa ls çR;sd cMÛh lw{erk ls nwljksa dks ns[krs gq, dsoy vius vkidks gh
dsoy mlh dks fi;kA fo'oluh; pkSdhnkj le>rk gSA
xksfoUnjkt dh fVIi.kh % II.87.16 ij jke ds Å¡ps fl¼kar %
bR;uquhrk R;feR;usu Lokf³~?kzHkDrkxzsljxqglefiZrQykns% firq% lR;a çfrJqR; gRok HkjrekgosA
HkfDriwrRosu 'kcjhfonqjkfnU;k;su ijeHkkxorr;k Lohdk;ZR;s·fi fda dfj";kfe jkT;su lkioknsu y{e.kAA
Lofç;refir` ç eq [ kcgq t ufo'ys " ktfuroS e uL;s u iq . ;unhrhjs ;n~æO;a ckU/kokuka ok fe=k.kka ok {k;s HkosrA~
mioklfpdh"kZ;k p xqglefiZra u çfrtxzkg jke% bfr xqgsukfi ukga rRçfrx`º.kh;ka Hk{;kfUo"kÑrkfuoAA
fofnrfefr xE;rsA /keZeFk± p dkea p i`fFkoha pkfi y{e.kA
jke dk ,d vUr£ojks/k& ßfu"kknjkt dk vkfrF; vLohdkj fd;k] fdUrq bPNkfe HkorkeFksZ ,rRçfrÜk`.kksfe rsAA
Hkkj}kt rFkk 'kcjh dk vkfrF; Lohdkj fd;kAÞ Hkzkr`.kka laxgz kFk± p lq[kkFkZ pkfi y{e.kA
fryd dh fVIi.kh % jkT;eI;gfePNkfe lR;suk;q/kekyHksAA
(1) Hkkj}kt esa e/kqidZ nsus ds vko';d xq.k FksA xqg mPp tkfr ds ugha FksA us;a ee egh lkSE; nqyHZ kk lkxjkacjkA
(2) xqg v;ks/;k dh çtk ugha FkkA vr,o] jkT; çfrfuf/k ds çfr dj nsus u ghPNs;e/kes.Z k 'kØRoefi y{e.kAA
dk mÙkjnk;h ugha FkkA ;f}uk Hkjra Roka p 'k=q?ua okfi ekunA
(3) fQj Hkh xqgjkt dks rÙoK gksus ds dkj.k mUgsa ,d viokn ds :i esa HkosUee lq[ka fdafpöLe rRdq:rka f'k[khAA II.97. 3-8
pkfg, Fkk] fdUrq jke ozrekxZ ij FksA ßy{e.k! firkth ds lR; dh j{kk gsrq çfrKk djds Hkh] ;fn eSa ;q¼ esa Hkjr
ysfdu bl fu;e dk ifjikyu vfrfFk vkSj vkfrFkZ; ds ikjLifjd dks ekj dj jkT; Nhu yw¡ rks lalkj esa esjh fdruh fuUnk gksxh] fQj ml dyafdr
lEcU/k esa ugha fd;k tkuk pkfg, FkkA jke us bl ckr dks fu;e ds mPp Lrj ij jkT; dks ysdj eSa D;k d:¡xk\ vius HkkbZ cU/kqvksa vkSj fe=ksa dk fouk'k djds tks
j[kkA vU; fooj.k feys tqys Fks] ijUrq dksbZ Hkh muds lc vfHkçk;ksa vkSj ,slk djus lEink çkIr gks] og rks fo"kfefJr Hkkstu ds leku loZFkk] R;kx nsus okyh oLrq
ds dkj.kksa dk fooj.k nsus ds fy;s ck/; ugha gSA gksxhA eSa Hkwydj Hkh mls Lohdkj ugha d:¡xkA y{e.k! lquks] eSa çfrKk iwod Z ls
dgrk gw¡ /keZ] vFkZ] dke vkSj i`Foh dk jkT; Hkh eSa rqe gh lcds fy, pkgrk gw¡A eSa
xksfoUnjkt dh fVIi.kh % laxgz vkSj vius&vius Hkkb;ksa ds lq[k ds fy;s gh jkT; dh Hkh bPNk djrk gw¡A eSa
rrLRoga pksÙkeck.kpkiHk`r~ ffLFkrks·Hkoa r= l ;= y{e.k%A vius /kuq"k dh 'kiFk ysdj dgrk gw¡A y{e.k! leqæ ls f?kjh gqbZ ;g i`Foh esjs fy;s
vrfUærSKkZfrfHkjkÙkdkeqd
Z %S egsUædYia ifjiky;aLrnkAA II.87.23 nqyHZ k ugha gS] ijUrq v/keZ }kjk çkIr bUæin Hkh eSa ugha pkgrkA HkkbZ Hkjr ds]
,dks Hkzkrk uxjkn~ oukfu fujxe;r~A v;eij% lq"kqfIrn'kk;ka rqEgkjs vkSj 'k=q?u ds fcuk ;fn eq>s dksbZ lq[k feys] rks vfXunso mls tykdj
fdefi dq;kZfnfr 'k³~d;k lTtk;q/k% lu~ ;=&;= l y{e.k% HkLe dj nsAa Þ
fLFkr% r=&r= fLFkrks·Hkoe~A çfrina reuqlr
` okuHkofeR;FkZ%A vrfUæfHk%
KkfrfHk% vkÙkkdkeqdZ %S A ee ifjdjk'p v;a oupjks fu"kkntkrh;%

jke Hkjr ls dgrs gSa---- ,slk ugha Fkk fd jke Hkjr ds fopkjksa dks le>us esa vleFkZ Fks] fdUrq viuh
bPNk ls vf/kd os vius firk dh çfr"Bk dk vknj djuk ilUn FkkA vUr esa
y{eh'pUæknis;k}k fgeokUok fgea R;tsrA~ n'kjFk us Li"V :i ls viuh bPNk çdV dj nh FkhA
vrh;kRlkxjks osyka u çfrKkega firq%AA
dkek}k rkr yksHkk}k ek=k rqH;fena Ñre~A vfUre fonk ds le; n'kjFk----
u rUeufl dÙkZO;a oÆrrO;a p ekròr~AA vga jk?ko dSd¸s ;k ojnkusu eksfgr%A
ekrja j{k dSd; s ha ek jks"ka dq: rka çfrA v;ks/;k;ka Roesok| Hko jktk fux`á eke~AA II.34.26
e;k p lhr;k pSo 'kIrks·fla j?kquUnuAA II.112.18,19,27,28* ßjke! eSa dSd;s h dks fn, gq, opu ds dkj.k eksg esa iMÛ x;k gw¡A rqe eq>s dSÛn
ßpkgs pUæek ls mldh çHkk vyx gks tk;s] fgeky; fge dk ifjR;kx dj ns djds Lo;a gh vc v;ks/;k ds jktk cu tkvksAÞ
vFkok leqæ viuh lhek dks yk¡?k dj vkxs c<Û tk;s] fdUrq eSa firkth ls dh gqbZ dSds;h dh vksj ls xqIr ladsr----
viuh çfrKk ugha rksMÛ ldrkA fç; Hkjr! ekrk dSd;s h us bPNko'k vFkok yksHko'k :nékrZ% fç;a iq=a lR;ik'ksu la;r q %A
rqEgkjs fy, tks dqN Hkh fd;k] mldks vius eu esa u /kjksA mlds lkFk lnk oSlk gh dSd¸s ;k pks|ekuLrq feFkks jktk reczohr~AA
O;ogkj djks] tSlk fd iwtuh;k ekrk ds çfr djuk pkfg,A fç; HkkbZ! eSa rqEgsa viuh Js;ls o`);s rkr iqujkxeuk; pA
vkSj lhrk dh 'kiFk fnykdj dgrk gw¡ fd rqe dSd;s h ekrk dh j{kk djuk] vkSj xPNLokfj"VeO;xz% iUFkkuedqrksHk;e~AA II.34.30,31
muds çfr dHkh Øks/k u djukAÞ jktk n'kjFk ,d vkSj rks lR; ds cU/ku esa c¡/ks gq, Fks vkSj nwljh vksj
fiNys lUnHkZ esa geus ns[kk Fkk ;|fi n'kjFk ds opuksa esa ouokl dh dksbZ dSd;s h jke dks rqjUr ou Hkstus ds fy, ncko Mky jgh FkhA vr,o] cMÛs n;uh;
vkKk 'kkfey ugha Fkh] fdUrq jke us mldk dksbZ vuqfpr ykHk mBkuk ugha lkspkA Hkko ls jksr&s jksrs os jke ls cksy]s ßfç; iq= jke! rqe dY;k.k vkSj o`f¼ ds fy, vkSj
n'kjFk us ekSu LohÏfr rks nh Fkh vkSj pkgs dqN Hkh gks&Hkjr dks pkgs blls fdruk fQj rqjUr ykSV tkus ds fy, 'kkUr Hkko ls tkvksA rqEgkjk ekxZ fo?uck/kkvksa ls
Hkh nq%[k gqvk gks vkSj pkgs os vUnj ls fdruk Hkh pkgrs gksa fd jke mldks jfgr vkSj fuHkZ; gksAÞ
vLohdkj dj nsAa fdUrq o;kso`¼ jktk fQj foæksg djrs gSa vkSj dgus yxrs gSa %
ukya f}rh;a opua iq=ks eka çfrHkkf"krqeA~ u pSrUes fç;a iq= 'kis lR;su jk?koA
l oua çoztRs ;qDrks ck<eR;so o{;frAA Né;k pfyrLRofLe fL=;k HkLekfXudYi;kAA
;fn es jk?ko% dq;kZ}ua xPNsfr pksfnr%A o´puk ;k rq yC/kk es rka Roa fuLrrZfq ePNflA
çfrdwya fç;a es L;ké rq oRl% dfj";frAA vu;k o`ÙklkfnU;k dSds¸;kfHkçpksfnr%AA
'kq)Hkkoks fg Hkkoa es u rq KkL;fr jk?ko%AA II.12.85,86** u pSrnk'p;Zrea ;Ùoa T;s"B% lqrks eeA
ßvius iq= jke ls ;fn eSa dgw¡ fd ou dks pys] tkvks rks os rqjUr dgdj] viku`rdFka iq= firja drZfq ePNflAA II.34.36-38
*cgqr vPNk]^ esjh vkKk dk ikyu djsxa As esjk iq=] jke vU; dqN Hkh çfrdwy ugha ßijUrq csVk jke! eSa lR; dh 'kiFk [kkdj dgrk gw¡ fd eq>s rqEgkjk ouxeu
dgsxkA ;fn esjs cu tkus dh vkKk ns nsus ij Hkh jke mlds çfrdwy dqN vkSj fç; ugha gSA ;g esjh L=h dSd;s h jk[k esa fNih gqbZ vfXu ds leku gSA blus vHkh
djrs gSa vFkkZr~ ou ugha tkrs] rks esjs fy;s ogh fç; gksxkA fdUrq eSa tkurk gw¡] esjk rd vius dBksj vfHkçk; dks fNikdj j[kk Fkk vkSj esjk vHkh"V ladYi Hkh rksMÛ
csVk ,slk ugha dj ldrkAÞ fn;k gSA bl fouk'kdkjh dSd;s h us ojnku ek¡x dj esjs lkFk cgqr cMÛk /kks[kk
fd;kA iq=! bl /kks[ks rks rqe ikj djuk pkgrs gks] rqe vius firk dks lR;oknh
cukuk pkgrs gksA rqEgkjs fy;s ;g dksbZ vk'p;Z dh ckr ugha D;ksfa d rqe xq.k vkSj
* nsf[k, v-8, i`-106 rFkk v-10. voLFkk& nksuksa gh ls esjs T;s"B iq= gksAÞ
* nsf[k, v-28.

jke dk vfUre mÙkj---- ^ge ou esa çlék jgsaxs*----

;Lrq ;q)s ojks nÙk% dSd¸;S ojn Ro;kA ek pksRd.Bka ÑFkk nso ous jaL;kegs o;e~A
nh;rka fuf[kysuoS lR;LRoa Hko ikÆFkoAA ç'kkUrgfj.kkdh.ksZ ukuk'kdqfuukfnrsAA
u fg esa dk³~f{kra jkT;a lq[kekRefu ok fç;e~A Qykfu ewykfu p Hk{k;Uous fxjha'p i';Ulfjr% ljkafl pA
uSokga jkT;fePNkfe u lq[ka u p esfnuhe~A oua çfo';So fofp=iknia lq[kha Hkfo";kfe rokLrq fuoZf` r%AA II.34. 51,59
uSo lokZfuekUdkeku~ Lox± u p thfore~AA ßnso! chp esa gesa ns[kus gels feyus ds fy;s vki mRdf.Br u gksxa As 'kkUr
Rokega Lr;fePNkfe uku`ra iq:"k"kZHkA LoHkkookys e`xksa ls Hkjs gq, vkSj Hkk¡fr&Hkk¡fr ds if{k;ksa ds dyjoksa ls xw¡trs gq, ml
çR;{ka ro lR;su lqÑrsu p rs 'kisAA ou esa ge yksx cMÛs vkuUn ls jgsxa As eSa fofp= o`{kksa ls ou esa ços'k djds Qy&ewy
u fg 'kD;a e;k rkr LFkkrqa {k.kefi çHkksA II.34.42,43, 45, 47, 49 dk Hkkstu djrk gqvk] ogk¡ ds ioZr ufn;ksa vkSj ljksojksa dks ns[k&ns[kdj lq[kh
ßesjk ou tkus dk fopkj vc cny ugha ldrkA vkius nsoklqj laxkz e ds gksÅ¡xkA blfy;s vki vius eu dks 'kkUr dhft,AÞ
le; ekrk dSd;s h dks tks ojnku nsus dh çfrKk dh Fkh] mls iw.kZ :i ls nhft, ouoklks egksn;%A II.22.29
vkSj lR;fu"B cfu,A eq>s rks u jkT; dh] lq[k dh] u i`Foh dh] u lEiw.kZ Hkksxksa ßy{e.k! esjs fy;s jkT; vFkok ouokl nksuksa leku gS-a --- cfYd ouokl gh
dh] u LoxZ vkSj u gh thou dh bPNk gSA firk th! esjs eu esa rks ;gh bPNk gS fd egku vH;qn;dkjh çrhr gksrk gSAÞ
vki lR;oknh cusa vkSj vkidk opu dHkh Hkh vlR; u gksA eSa vkids lkeus lR;
lqea= dk ouokfl;ksa ds lq[kh thou dk lk{;_ mudk dkS'kY;k
vkSj 'kqHkdeks± dh 'kiFk ysdj ;g ckr dgrk gw¡A çHkks! vc eSa ;gk¡ ,d {k.k Hkh ugha
Bgj ldrk gw¡AÞ n'kjFk vuqjks/k djrs gS]a ßdsoy bl ,d jkr #d tkvks] csVk!Þ dks lekpkj----
v| fRonkuh jtuha iq= ek xPN loZFkkA R;t 'kksda p eksga p lEHkzea nq%[kta rFkkA
,dkga n'kZuu s kfi lk/kq rkoPpjkE;ge~AA O;o/kw; p lUrkia ous oRL;fr jk?ko%AA
ekrja eka p lai';u~ olseke| 'koZjhe~A y{e.k'pkfi jkeL; iknkS ifjpjUousA
rÆir% loZdkeSLRoa 'o% dkY;s lk/kf;";flAA II.34.33,34 vkjk/k;fr /keZK% ijyksda ftrsfUæ;%AA
ßjkrHkj vkSj jg tkvksA flQZÛ ,d jkr ds fy;s loZFkk viuh ;k=k jksd nksA fotus·fi ous lhrk okla çkI; x`gfs "ooA
dsoy ,d fnu Hkh rks rqEgsa ns[kus dk lq[k mBk yw¡A viuh ekrk dks vkSj eq>dks bl folzEHka yHkrs·Hkhrk jkes foU;LrekulkAA
voLFkk esa ns[kdj vkt dh jkr ;gha jg tkvksA esjs }kjk lHkh vfHkyf"kr oLrqvksa ukL;k nSU;a ra fdafpRlql{w eefi y{;rsA
ls rÌr gksdj dy çkr% ;gk¡ ls tkukAÞ jke dh vLohÏfr] ßugha! ugha! eSa blh jkr mfprso çoklkuka oSngs h çfrHkkfr esAA
dks ou ds fy, tk jgk gw¡AÞ uxjksioua xRok ;Fkk jers iqjkA
çkIL;kfe ;ku| xq.kkUdks es 'oLrkUçnkL;frA rFkSo jers lhrk futZus"kq ous"ofiAA
vçØe.kesokr% loZdkeSjga o`.ksAA ckyso jers lhrk ckypUæfuHkkuukA
vÆFkrks áfLe dSd¸s ;k oua xPNsfr jk?koA jkek jkes ánhukRek futZus·fi ous lrhAA
e;k pksDra cztkehfr rRl;euqiky;sAA II.34.40,50 rn~xra ân;a ;L;k% rn/khua p thfore~A
ßvkt çLFkku djds ftu xq.kksa dks eSa ikÅ¡xk] dy eq>s os xq.k dkSu nsxk\ v;ks/;k fg HkosnL;k jkeghuk rFkk oue~AA
vr,o] lHkh çdkj dh bPNkvksa dk R;kx dj eSa Ûvkt gh fudyuk pkgrk gw¡A u 'kksP;kLrs u pkRek rs 'kksP;ks ukfi tukf/ki%A
egkjkt! dSd;s h us eq>ls vuqjks/k fd;k gS fd ^jke! rqe ou dks pys tkvksA* eSua s bna fg pfjra yksds çfr"BkL;fr 'kk'ore~AA
Hkh opu fn;k gS] ^rqjUr tkÅ¡xkA* ml lR; dk eq>s ikyu djuk gSAa Þ

fo/kw; 'kksda ifjâ"Vekulk egÆ"k;krs ifFk lqO;ofLFkrk%A fç;s! esjs iwot
Z çfirkeg euq vkSj Js"B jkt£"k;ksa us Hkh fu;e ls fd;s x;s bl
ous jrk oU;Qyk'kuk% firq% 'kqHkka çfrKka ifjiky;fUr rsAA ouokl dks gh ve`r crk;k gS] ;gk¡ 'kjhj R;kx djus ls ije dY;k.k dh çkfIr
II.60.5-11,21,22 gksrh gSAÞ
ßegkjkuh! bl 'kksd] eksg vkSj vkSj nq%[k dks R;kx nhft,A D;ksfa d Jh jke jke lhrk ds çfr----
bl le; lkjk nq%[k Hkqykdj ou esa fuokl dj jgs gSAa /keZK ,oa ftrsfUæ; y{e.k n'kZua fp=dwVL; eUnkfdU;k'p 'kksHkusA
Hkh ml ou esa Jh jke ds pj.kksa dh lsok esa layXu gq, viuk ijyksd cuk jgs gSAa vf/kda iqjoklkPp eU;s ro p n'kZukr~AA
lhrk Hkh ifrlsok vkSj Jh jke dh vkjk/kuk esa exu gSA blfy, futZu ou esa Hkh fo/kwrdYe"kS% fl)S% riksne'kekfUorS%A
?kj&x`gLFk dh Hkk¡fr lq[kh vkSj fuHkZ; gSA ouokl esa muds eu esa fdafpn~ ek= Hkh fuR;fo{kksfHkrtyka foxkgLo e;k lgAA
nq%[k ugha fn[kkbZ nsrkA eq>s rks ,slk yxrk gS] tSls mUgsa ou esa jgus dk vH;kl gksA Roa ikSjtuo)îkyku~ v;ks/;kfeo ioZre~A
tSls uxj esa tkdj os miou esa ?kwek djrh Fkh] mlh çdkj ou esa Hkh lhrk cMÛs eU;Lo ofurs fuR;a lj;wofneka unhe~AA
çlék eu ls fopjrh gSA iw.kZ pUæek ds leku lqUnj eq[kokyh je.kh&f'kjksef.k] y{e.k'pSo /kekZRek eféns'ks O;ofLFkr%A
mnkjeuk lhrk ml futZu ou esa Hkh Jh jke ds lehi çlék&çQqYy ckfydk ds Roa pkuqdwyk oSnsfg çhfra tu;rh eeAA
leku çlék jgrh gSAa lhrk dk eu rks jke esa jek gqvk gS] mudk lEiw.kZ thou Hkh miLi`'kafL="ko.ka Hk/kqey
w aQyk'ku%A
jke ds v/khu gSA vr% b/kj jke ds fcuk v;ks/;k Hkh mUgsa ou ds leku çrhr uk;ks/;k;S u jkT;k; Li`g;s v| Ro;k lgAA
gksrhA m/kj jke ds lehi ou Hkh v;ks/;k ds leku gSA vr,o vki Jh jke] beka fg jE;ka tx;wFkyksfyrka fuihrrks;ka xtflgaokujS%A
y{e.k vFkok lhrk ds fy, 'kksd u djs]a vius vkSj egkjkt th dh Hkh fpUrk lqifq "irka iq"iHkjSjyaÑrka u lks·fLr ;% L;ké xrDye% lq[khAA
NksMÛAas Jh jke dk pfj= lalkj esa lnk&lnk ds fy, vej jgsxkA os rhuksa çlékfpÙk]
II.95. 12,13, 15-18
½f"k eqfu;ksa ds /keZ ekxZ ij fLFkr gSAa ou esa jgdj Qy&ewy dk Hkkstu djrs gq,
firk dh mÙke çfrKk dk ikyu dj jgs gSAa Þ ßfç;s! ;gk¡ tks çfrfnu fp=dwV vkSj eUnkfduh dk n'kZu gksrk gS] og fuR;
vkSj fujUrj rqEgkjs n'kZuksa ds lkFk v;ks/;k fuokl ls Hkh vf/kd lq[kn yxrk gSA
fp=dwV esa jke iw.kZr;k lq[kh---- bl unh esa çfrfnu riL;k] la;e&fu;e /kkj.k djus okys fu"iki egkRekvksa ds
xqgklehj.kks xU/kku~ ukukiq"iHkokUcgwuA~ Luku ls bldk ty lnk fo{kqC/k gksrk fl¼ jgrk gSA vkvks] pyks] rqe Hkh esjs lkFk
?kz.kriZ.keH;sR; da uja u çg"kZ;r s A~ A ;gk¡ Luku djksA fç;s! rqe ;gk¡ ds fuokfl;ksa dks uxj ds ukxfjdksa ds leku le>ksA
;nhg 'kjnks·usdk% Ro;k lk/kZefufUnrsA fp=dwV dks v;ks/;k ekuks vkSj unh eUnkfduh dks v;ks/;k dh lj;w tkuksA tud
y{es.ku p oRL;kfe u eka 'kksd ç/k"kZfrAA ufUnuh] y{e.k /kekZRek lnk esjh vkKk dk ikyu djrs gSa vkSj rqe Hkh esjs eu ds
cgqi"q iQys jE;s ukukf}tx.kk;qrAs vuqdy w pyrh gks] blfy;s eSa cgqr çlék gw¡A fç;s! rqEgkjs lkFk rhu le; Luku
fofp=f'k[kjs áfLeu~ jrokufLe HkkfefuAA djds Qy&ewy dk vkgkj djds eq>s u rks v;ks/;k dk jkt pkfg, vkSj u gh
bnesoke`ra çkgq% jkfK jkt"kZ;% ijsA v;ks/;k tkus dh bPNk j[krk gw¡A ftl eUnkfduh dks gkfFk;ksa ds lewg eFk Mkyrs
ouokla HkokFkkZ; çR; es çfirkegk%AA II.94. 14-16,19 gSa vkSj ftldk ty flag rFkk okuj ihrs gS]a ftlds rV lqUnj Qwyksa ds o`{kksa ls
xqQkvksa ls fudyrh gqbZ iq"iksa dh lqxfa /kr ok;q fdl iq#"k dh çlékrk dks lq'kksfHkr gS]a ,slh je.kh; unh esa Luku djds tks euq"; lq[kh u gks] dnkfpr~~ ,slk
ugha c<Ûkrh\ Jh jke lhrk ls dgrs gS]a ßlhrs! ;fn rqEgkjs vkSj y{e.k ds lkFk euq"; lalkj esa dksbZ u gksxkAÞ
jgdj vkSj uxj dk R;kx dj dbZ o"kZ Hkh ;gk¡ O;rhr d:¡] rks eq>s uxj R;kx dk
dksbZ 'kksd eq>s dnkfi ihfMÛr ugha djsxkA lhrs! vusd Qy&Qwyksa ls ;qDr] ukuk
çdkj ds if{k;ksa ls lsfor bl lqUnj ioZr f'k[kj dks ns[k eq>s cMÛk vkuUn gksrk gSA
134 jkek;.k ds T;ksfr&LrEHk nlok¡ v/;k; 135

dh jpuk dh gS] ftlesa rhu vfXu;ksa dh miek çLrqr dh xbZ gSA ;g Hkkb;ksa dk
çFke lfEeyu gSA ckrphr dk çkjEHk çfl¼ ^dfPpr* (100 os)a lxZ ds i'pkr~
gksrk gS vkSj ml lxZ (102) ds i'pkr~] ftlesa vR;sf"V ,oa rRlEcU/kh /kekZu"q Bkuksa
nlok¡ v/;k; dk fooj.k fn;k x;k gSA rc Jh jke vius HkkbZ Hkjr ls iwNrs gS]a ßrqe tks bl
jke le; ou çns'k esa vk;s gks] bl lkTÛk&lkeku ds lkFk] bldk dkj.k D;k gS\Þ
D;ksfa d Hkjr vius lkFk vius çtktu] eaf=;ks]a LoxhZ; egkjkt n'kjFk dh ifRu;ksa
vkSj cMÛ&s cMÛs O;kikjh vkfn dks Hkh ysdj vk, FksA ß;s yksx >qMa ds >qMa yksx vkSj
fo'kky lsuk fdl fy;s\Þ rRi'pkr~ Hkjr okd~;¼ q dk vkjEHk djrs gSAa Hkjr ekuks
eSa vkt viuh lkekU; i¼fr ls dqN gV dj] bl egkdkO; ds ,d çfl¼ va'k dsoy rhu ckrksa ij cy nsrs gS]a tks ;kn j[kus ;ksX; gS]a blls vf/kd dqN ughaA
dks foLrkj ls çLrqr djuk pkgw¡xkA çlax gS& fp=dwV esa Jh jke vkSj Hkjr ds chp çFker% b{okdq dqy dh v[kaM ijEijk ij] ftlds vuqlkj T;s"B iq= dk gh
okn&fooknA ;g laokn nsorkvksa }kjk Hkh Kkuo`f¼ vkSj lqf'k{kk dh Hkkouk ls lquk jkT;kfHk"ksd gksuk pkfg,A fQj os dgrs gS]a os jkT; ds fy, fcYdqy vfuPNqd gSAa
x;k Fkk] tks dfo dkS'ky dk ltho dh£ÙkLrEHk gSA lEHko gS fd ;g foLr`r O;k[;k okLro esa os vR;Ur lUrIr gSa fd mudh ekrk dh vuqfpr ;kstuk;sa lQy gks xb±A
vkidh lgu'kfDr ds fy, dqN pqukSrh cu tk;sA dnkfpr~~ vkidks yxsxk fd ,slk ßesjh ekrk ds bl çdkj ds lEiw.kZ ç;Ruksa dks iw.kZr;k foQy dj nsuk pkfg, FkkA
eSua s vdkj.k ugha fd;kA laokn esa Jh jke dk pfj= vR;Ur lthork ls mHkj dj eSa bl uktk;TÛk dk;Zokgh dk ykHk mBkuk ugha pkgrkAÞ rhljk rdZ os çLrqr djrs
vkrk gSA ijUrq lfoLrkj o.kZu nsus ls bl dkO; ds dqN egRoiw.kZ lxks± dk ikB gSa fd çtk bl fo"k; esa loZFkk ,d er gS fd jke v;ks/;k ykSV vk;sa vkSj jkt in
fuf'pr :i ls vf/kd lkFkZd gksxkA v;ks/;kdkaM ds 100 ls 112osa lxks± rd nksuksa dks laHkkysAa vc eSa bl lUnHkZ ds dqN 'yksd m¼`r djrk gw¡A
Hkkb;ksa ds feyu dk foLr`r o.kZu fn;k x;k gSA muesa ls çFke pkj lxZ esa fL=;k fu;qDr% dSd¸s ;k ee ek=k ijariA
okn&fookn dk okLrfod fo"k; ugha gS] vr% budks NksMÛ nw¡xkA dsoy ,d /;ku pdkj lqegRikifenekRe;'kksgje~AA II.104.6
nsus ;ksX; ckr dk mYys[k d:¡xkA 103osa lxZ ds var esa dfo Hkkb;ksa ds lfEeyu ß;g vuSfrd dk;Z dSd;s h us firk th ls djok;kA mlus viuk 'kqHkuke
dk o.kZu djrk gSA fdUrq fofp= ckr ;g gS fd og dsoy jke] y{e.k vkSj Hkjr bfrgkl esa dyafdr fd;k gS] ,d cMÛk iki fd;k gSAÞ
dk gh mYys[k djrk gSA fdlh dkj.k ls 'k=q?u dk fcYdqy mYys[k ugha fd;k lk jkT;QyeçkI; fo/kok 'kksddÆ'krkA
x;kA dnkfpr~~ ;g Lej.k djkrk gS fd ckydkaM ds vusd LFkkuksa ij y{e.k dks Hkh ifr";fr egk?kksjs fuj;s tuuh eeAA II.104.7
NksMÛ fn;k x;k gSA blds fo"k; esa eSua s vkjEHk esa gh ladrs fn;k FkkA ;g bl çdkj ßog jkT;:ih Qy u ikdj fo/kok gks xb±_ vc esjh ekrk 'kksd ls nqcy Z gks
gS % egk?kksj udZ esa iMÛxs hAÞ
l jk?ko% lR;?k`fr'p y{e.kks egkuqHkkoks HkjrÜp /kkÆed%A bl çdkj dh Hkk"kk dk ç;ksx vkKkdkjh iq= dks ugha djuk pkfg, FkkA ijUrq
o`rk% lqâfö'p fojstjq /ojs ;Fkk lnL;S% lfgrkL=;ks·Xu;%AAII.103.32 ifjfLFkfr;k¡ bruh fcxMÛ pqdh Fkha fd tc Hkh os viuh ek¡ ds fo"k; esa lksprs gS]a
ßtc Hkjr] ekrkvksa vkfn lfgr] Jh jke ds vkJe ij igq¡prs gS]a jke lHkh cspkjs Hkjr viuh lgu'khyrk [kks cSBrs gSAa os dgrs gS]a ßblus dSlk gekjs dqy dk
dk Lokxr djrs gSaA ;s rhuksa HkkbZ vius lqânksa ls f?kjdj ;K'kkyk esa f=fo/k uk'k fd;k] uk'k fd;k dqy dk uke] uk'k fd;k esjk uke] vkSj loZuk'k dj fn;k
vfXu;ksa ds leku 'kksHkk ik jgs FksAÞ iwjs lkezkT; dk!Þ os bldks Hkwy ugha ldrs FksA tc dHkh mudks ek¡ dk [Û;ky vkrk]
;g miek dsoy rhu Hkkb;ksa ds fy, gh ç;qDr gqbZ gSA rhu vfXuvksa ds Øe os vius vkis esa ugha jgrs vkSj vi'kCn muds eq¡g ls cjcl fudy tkrsA Hkjr jke
ls ,slk çrhr gksrk gS fd ml egRoiw.kZ lUnHkZ esa dfo us 'k=q?u dks mis{k.kh; ls dgrs gSa %
ekudj mldk mYys[k djuk vko';d ugha le>kA dqN fofp= lh ckr gSA ;g ,fHk'p lfpoS% lk/k± f'kjlk ;kfprks e;kA
iw.kZr;k dsoy Hkwypwd ugha ekuh tk ldrh] D;ksfa d ;gk¡ dfo us ,d cf<Û;k 'yksd Hkzkrq% f'k";L; nklL; çlkna drqZegZflAA II.104.12
134

dksbZ vuqu;&fou; ok.kh esa blls vf/kd gk£nd vkSj blls vf/kd uez ugha ek¡x dhA blesa cqjkbZ D;k Fkh\ tSlk fd eSa igys Hkh dg pqdk gw¡ fd ou dk thou]
gks ldrhA ijUrq Jh jke ,sls lk/kuksa ls dc thrs tk ldrs Fks\ loZçFke rks os blh jktlh BkV&ckV] ,s'o;Z vkSj jkT; foHkwfr dk oapu vkSj fuoklZu dk naM Jh jke
ckr ij TÛkksj nsrs gSa fd dSd;s h ds çfr iq= }kjk fdlh çdkj dk dksbZ v'kksHkuh; dks furkUr ,sls dfBu çrhr ugha gksrs Fks] tSls fd lkekU; tu dks& pkgs os vc ds
O;ogkj ugha gksuk pkfg,A tSlk fd ge ns[k pqds gSÛa] Jh jke Lo;a Hkh dSd;s h ds gksa ;k rc dsA mUgksua s mldks blh çdkj lgk] tSls thou ds vU; mrkj&p<Ûkoksa
vkpj.k dks mfpr ugha ekurs FksA ijUrq ;g ckr vyx FkhA fdlh iq= dk viuh dksA bu ckrksa us mudh vUrjkRek dks dksbZ Bsl ugaha igq¡pkbZA blhfy, os tkucw>dj
ekrk }kjk dh xbZ fdlh dk;Zokgh dh lw{e tk¡p ds fopkj es]a Hkjr ds }kjk viuh ^/keZ'khykH;ke* 'kCn dk ç;ksx djrs gSaA Þblls eq>s dksbZ vkifÙk ugha yxrhA
ekrk dh bruh ve;kZfnr Hkk"kk esa HkRlZuk djuk fo'ks"k :i ls vHkæ FkkA vr% os dSd;s h us vius vf/kdkjksa dk ç;ksx fd;k vkSj og Hkh ,d vdsys iq= ds çfr
dgrs gSa % LokHkkfod eerk ls çsfjr gksdjA blesa cqjkbZ D;k gS\ vkSj gekjs firk th us tks
u pkfi tuuha ckY;kÙoa foxÆgrqegZflA II.104.17 opu fn;k Fkk mldks fuHkk;kAß ckr bl ij lekIr gqbAZ tSlk fd eSa crk pqdk gw¡]
ßrqe rks ,d ckyd gks vkSj vius Øks/k dks o'k esa ugha j[k ldrsA vKkuo'k ;g jkf= dk le; FkkA
Hkh rqEgsa viuh ekrk dh Hkh fuUnk djuk pkfg,AÞ fQj os dgrs gS]a ßrqe ,slk D;ksa vxys fnu çkr%] Lukukfn fuR;deks± ls fuo`Ùk gksdj lc HkkbZ vkSj vU; vk,
lksprs gks fd rqEgkjh ekrk dks rqEgsa vkKk nsus dk vf/kdkj ugha gS\ rqe mlds gq, yksx] tks bl dk;Zokgh esa xgjh fnypLih ys jgs Fks vkSj cgqr mRlqd Fks fd
vf/kdkj dk [kaMu D;ksa djrs gks\ euq"; dh firk esa ftruh xkSjo&cqf¼ gksrh gS] Hkjr dk euksjFk lQy gks tk;s] lc ,d egÙoiw.kZ cSBd ds fy;s ,d= gq,A lHkh
mruh ekrk esa Hkh gksuh pkfg,A ekrk Hkh firk ds leku gh lEekuuh; gksrh gSAÞ bl ds eu esa çR;k'kk Fkh fd ,d egÙoiw.kZ ?kVuk ?kVus okyh gS vkSj mlds lk{; dk
Hkkouk dks gesa ;kn j[kuk pkfg,A lkSHkkX; mUgsa çkIr gksxkA Hkjr ;g dgrs gq, okrkZyki vkjEHk djrs gSAa HkS;k! vki
;kofRirfj /keZKs xkS[ka yksdlRÑrsA dgrs gS]a jkT; HksVa dj fn;k tk pqdk gSA firk th us jkT; ekrk }kjk iq= dks HksVa
rko)eZHk`rka Js"B tuU;kefi xkSjoe~AA II.104.21 fd;s tkus ds fy, fn;kA dSd;s h us firk th ls mls ys fy;k vkSj eq>s ns fn;kA Bhd
ßftruk egÙo firk ds vf/kdkj dk gS] mruk gh ekrk ds vf/kdkj dk Hkh gS] ;fn vki ,slk pkgrs gS]a vkSipkfjd :i ls eSua s jkT; ys fy;k gSA ;g esjk gS]
gSAÞ vkSj vc eSa bls vkidh lsok esa le£ir dj bldh fTÛkEesokjh NksMÛrk gw¡A vki bldks
xzg.k dhft;sA Hkjr bl çdkj viuk i{k çLrqr djrs gSa %
,rkH;ka /keZ'khykH;ka oua xPNsfr jk?koA
ekrkfir`H;keqDrks·ga dFkeU;RlekpjsAA II.104.22 lkfURouk ekfedk ekrk nÙka jkT;fena eeA II.105.4
ßbu /keZ'khy ekrk vkSj firk& nksuksa us tc eq>s ou esa tkus vkSj ogk¡ pkSng ßesjh ekrk dks larks"k gks x;k] vkidh vkifÙk lekIr gks xbZA ;g jkT; eq>s
o"kZ O;rhr djus dk vkns'k fn;k gS] rks eSa muds vkn'kZ ds foijhr nwljk vkpj.k fey pqdk gSAÞ
dSls dj ldrk gw¡\Þ rínkfe roSokga Hkq³{~ o jkT;de.Vde~AA II.105.4
;s egkiq#"k ;gk¡ */keZ'khykH;ke~^ 'kCn dk ç;ksx n'kjFk vkSj dSd;s h nksuksa ds ßvc eSa viuh vkSj ls ;g vdaVd jkT; vkidh gh lsok esa le£ir djrk
fy, djrs gS]a ftu ij brus ykaNu yxk, x, FksA os mudks /keZ'khy dgrs gSAa ,d gw¡A vc vki bls xzg.k dhft,A vc dksbZ nks"k ugha] oSf/kd n`f"V ls blesa dksbZ =qfV
vU; LFkku ij os ;g Hkh dgrs gSa fd mUgksua s dqN vuqfpr ugha fd;k (II.111.29)A ugha jghA vki bldk ikyu ,oa miHkksx dhft;sAÞ
,d iq= ds fy;s ml le; ,slk dguk ,d vlk/kkj.k ckr gSA fdUrq] Jh jke dks çR;qÙkj esa Jh jke fu;fr ij ,d foLr`r çopu vkjEHk djrs gSAa tSlk fd
,slk yxrk gS fd dSd;s h ds i{k esa Hkh dqN tkuk pkfg,A vkf[Ûkj dSd;s h us ,slk vki tkurs gh gksxa ]s HkkX; gekjs lkfgR; dk ,d 'kk'or~ fo"k; gSA dky vkSj fof/k
D;k fd;k\ dsoy vius vf/kdkj dk gh rks ç;ksx fd;kA mlds ikl nks oj Fks] tks gh lc dk;Z fo'ks"k <ax ls djrs gSAa lc dqN iwofZ uf'pr ,oa iwoZ fu/kkZfjr gksrk gSA
mlds ifr us mldks ns j[ks FksA fuLlUnsg] nh?kZdky ls os mlds ikl Fks] fdUrq tks HkkX; esa fy[k fn;k x;k] mldk çfrjks/k djus vFkok viuh eTÛkhZ pykus ls
lglk mUgsa ,d vuFkZdkjh mís'; ds fy, ç;ksx esa yk;k x;kA dSd;s h dks mu ojksa D;k ykHk\ blds i'pkr~ blh çlax ij lksyg 'yksd gSAa bu lksyg 'yksdksa esa dqN
ds ek¡xus dk oS/k vf/kdkj Fkk vkSj mlus mlh vf/kdkj dk ç;ksx djrs gq, mudh egÙoiw.kZ lwfDr;k¡ gS]a tks fd iqjkru lkfgR; esa lqfofnr gSAa lEHkor% dqN gesa

f?klh&fiVh Hkh yxsAa le>us dh ckr ;g gS fd os gesa ,slh yxrh gS D;ksfa d mUgsa ßrqe vius fy, gh fpUrk djks nwljksa ds fo"k; esa D;ksa lksprs gks\ dksbZ bl
geus yk[kksa ckj lquk gksxk] vusdksa iqLrdksa esa muds fo"k; esa fy[kk x;k gS] vusdksa yksd esa fLFkr gks vFkok vU;= x;k gqvk gks] çR;sd dh vk;q rks fujUrj {kh.k gks
ckj mu ij O;k[;ku vkSj çopu gq, gS&a vPNs Hkh vkSj cqjs Hkh yksxksa }kjk HkhA jgh gSAÞ
QyLo:i] vc os f?kls vkSj [kksVs flDds gksus ij Hkh vHkh rd pkyw gSAa ijUrq] lgSo e`R;qoZztfr lg e`R;qÆu"khnfrA
^jkek;.k* ds le; esa os ,sls ugha FksA buesa egku lR; vUr£ufgr gSA ml le; os xRok lqnh?kZe/okua lg e`R;qÆuorZrsAA II.105.22
vo'; gh ,d vfHkuo vfHkçk; ls Hkjs jgs gksxa As vkSj tc Jh jke ds eq[k ls fu%l`r ße`R;q lkFk&lkFk gh pyrh gS vkSj lkFk&lkFk gh cSBrh gS vkSj pkgs fdruh
gq, Fks] os dnkfi f?kls&fiVs ,d egÙoiw.kZ vkSj fujFkZd ugha jgs gksxa ]s tSlk fd nwj dh ;k=k Hkh dh tk;s] lkFk gh tkdj og euq"; ds lkFk gh ykSVrh gSAÞ
lEHkor% yxrs gksAa eSa ;g ekudj pyrk gw¡ fd esjs bu lksyg 'yksdksa dks i<Ûdj xk=s"kq oy;% çkIrk% 'osrk'pSo f'kjks:gk%A
lqukus esa vkSj rRdky mudk vius 'kCnksa esa vuqokn Hkh nsus esa le; dh dksbZ tj;k iq:"kks th.kZ% fda fg ÑRok çHkko;srA~ A II.105.23
cckZnh ugha gksxh& pkgs og vuqokn ?kfV;k dksfV dk gh D;ksa u gksA ß'kjhj dh Ropk esa >q£j;k¡ iMÛ xb±] flj ds cky lQÛns gks x,A fQj tjkoLFkk
losZ {k;kUrk fup;k% irukUrk% leqPNª;k%A ls th.kZ gqvk euq"; dkSu lk mik; djds e`R;q ls cpus ds fy, viuk çHkko çdV
la;ksxk foç;ksxkUrk ej.kkUra p thfore~AA II.105.16 dj ldrk gS\Þ
ßykSfdd mékfr;ksa dk vUr iru gSA la;ksx dk vUr fo;ksx gS vkSj thou dk uUnUR;qfnr vkfnR;s uUnUR;Lrfers jokSA
vUr ej.k gSAa leLr laxgz ksa dk vUr fouk'k gSAÞ vkReuks ukooq/;Urs euq";k thfor{k;e~AA II.105.24
;Fkk Qyuka iDokuka ukU;= irukö;e~A ßlw;ksZn; gksus ij euq"; çlék gksrs gSa] ;g lkspdj fd ;g dk;Z djds
,oa ujL; tkrL; ukU;= ej.kkö;e~AA II.105.17 thfodk miktZu djsaxsA lw;kZLr gksus ij Hkh [Ûkq'k gksrs gSa] ;g lkspdj fd os
ßtSls ids gq, Qyksa dks iru ds flok; vkSj fdlh dk Hk; ugha] mlh çdkj vkeksn&çeksn djsxa As ysfdu os ;g ugha lksprs fd muds thou dk {k.k&{k.k u"V
mRiék gq, euq"; dks e`R;q ds flok; vkSj fdlh dk Hk; ugha gSAÞ gks jgk gSAÞ
;Fkkxkja n`<ÛLFkw.ka th.k± HkwRokolhnfrA â";UR;`req [ q ka n`"V~ok uoa uofegkxre~A
rFkkolhnfUr ujk tjke`R;qo'ka xrk%AA II.105.18 _`ru w ka ifjorsu
Z çkf.kuka çk.kla{k;%AA II.105.25
ßftl çdkj lqn`<Û LrEHkksa ls fu£er Hkou Hkh fdlh le; th.kZ&'kh"kZ gksdj ßfdlh uo ½rq dk çkjEHk ns[kdj euq"; g"kZ ls f[ky mBrs gS]a ijUrq os ugha
fxj iMÛrs gS]a mlh çdkj dky] vk;q vkSj e`R;q ds ge f'kdkj gksrs gSAa Þ tkurs fd bu ifjorZuksa ds lkFk çkf.k;ksa dh vk;q dk {k; gks jgk gSAÞ
vR;sfr jtuh ;k rq lk u çfrfuorZrsA ;Fkk dk"Ba p dk"Ba p les;krka egk.kZoAs
;kR;so ;equk iw.kkZ leqnaz yo.kk.kZoe~AA II.105.19 lesR; p O;is;krka dkyeklk| dapuAA
ßchr tkus ij jkf= ykSVrh ughaA ;equk unh viuk ty egku leqnz esa ,oa Hkk;kZ'p iq=k'p Kkr;'p /kukfu pA
folftZr dj nsrh gS] ij viuh /kkjk myVrh ughaAß lesR; O;o/kkofUr /kzoq ks ás"kka foukHko%AA II.105.26-27
vgksjk=kf.k xPNfUr losZ"kka çkf.kukfegA ;s nksuksa 'yksd leosr :i ls i<Ûus pkfg,A ßtSls fdlh egklkxj esa cgrs
vk;waf"k {kiUR;k'kq xzh"es tyfeoka'ko%AA II.105.20 gq, nks dkB ds VqdMÛs dHkh&dHkh fey tkrs gSa vkSj dqN dky rd lkFk cgus ds
ßfnu&jkr i`Foh ds leLr thoksa ij pØor~ ?kwers gSAa bl lalkj esa lHkh i'pkr~ vyx Hkh gks tkrs gS]a mlh çdkj L=h] iq=] dqVEq c vkSj /ku Hkh feydj
çkf.k;ksa dh vk;q dk rhoz xfr ls uk'k dj jgs gS]a Bhd oSls gh tSls lw;Z dh fdj.ksa fcNqMÛ tkrs gSa D;ksfa d budk fo;ksx vo';kEHkkoh gSAÞ
xzh"e ½rq esa ty dks 'kh?kzrkiwodZ lks[krh jgrh gSAa Þ uk= df'p|FkkHkkoa çk.kh lefHkorZrAs
vkRekueuq'kksp Roa fdeU;euq'kkspflA rsu rfLeé lkeF;± çsrL;kLR;uq'kkspr%AA II.105.28
vk;qLrs gh;rs ;L; fLFkrL; p xrL; pAA II.105.21

ßbl lalkj esa dksbZ Hkh çk.kh ;Fkk le; fuf'pr tUe&ej.k dk mYya?ku tSlk fd ,d ckj mUgksua s igys Hkh dgk Fkk] ßeSa vkidh Hkkjh vçlékrk ls Hkh
ugha dj ldrkA blfy,] tks fdlh ejs gq, O;fDr ds fy, ckjEckj 'kksd djrk gS] Mjrk gw¡A esjs firk th] jktk n'kjFk vfro`¼ FksA os esjh ekrk ds o'khHkwr FksAÞ fQj
og Hkh viuh e`R;q dks Vky ugha ldrkAÞ os vpkud ,d lkekU; fVIi.kh djrs gS]a ftldks dnkfpr~~ cgqrksa dks lnk ;kn
;Fkk fg lkFk± cz; w kRdf'pRifFk fLFkr%A j[kuk iMÛAs
vgeI;kxfe";kfe i`"Brks HkorkfefrAA yksd esa çkphu ,d fdaonUrh gS %
,oa iwox ZS r
Z ks ekxZ% firìrS kegks /kzoq %A vUrdkys fg Hkwrkfu eqáUrhfr iqjk Jqfr%AA II.106.13
rekié% dFka 'kksp| s L; ukfLr O;frØe%AA I.105.29-30 fd vUrdky esa lHkh çk.kh eksfgr gks tkrs gS]a mudh cqf¼ u"V gks tkrh gSA
ßtSls vkxs tkrs gq, fdlh dÛkfQÛys ls] jkLrs esa [kMÛk gqvk dksbZ ifFkd ;w¡ dgs]
jkKSoa dqor Z k yksds çR;{ka lk Jqfr% ÑrkA II.106.14
êSa Hkh vki yksxksa ds ihNs&ihNs vkÅ¡xk]* mlh çdkj ;g thou ;k=k Hkh gSA gekjs
jktk n'kjFk us ,slk dBksj deZ djds ml fdaonUrh dh lR;rk dks iw.kZ :i
iwotZ ] firk] firkeg vkfn ftl jkLrs ls x;s gS]a ml ij tkuk vfuok;Z gS rFkk
ls çR;{k dj fn[kk;k gSA rc Hkjr vius T;s"B Hkzkrk dks Hkh ijke'kZ nsus dk lkgl
cpus dk dksbZ mik; ugha gSA mlh ekxZ ij pyrk euq"; fdlh vkSj ds fy, D;k
djrs gSAa ;g rks vki tkurs gh gSa fd ^viR;* 'kCn dk vFkZ gS] îq=*A bldh
'kksd djs\Þ
O;qRifr ,d ekU;rk fo'ks"k ls gS fd iq= firk dks fxjus ls cpkrk gS vFkkZr~ udZokl
o;l% irekuL; lzkr s lks okfuoÆru%A lsA blh dkj.k og ^viR;e* dgk tkrk gSA Hkjr bl 'kCn dk ç;ksx 'kkfCnd vFkZ
vkRek lq[ks fu;ksDrO;% lq[kHkkt% çtk% Le`rk%AA II.105.31 esa djrs gSa vkSj og firk dks iru lPpkbZ ls cpkrk gSA Hkjr bl 'kCn dk ç;ksx
ßtSls ufn;ksa dk çokg ihNs ugha ykSVrk] mlh çdkj fnu&fnu <yrh voLFkk 'kfCnd vFkZ esa djrs gSa vkSj vius HkkbZ dks lPpkbZ ls voxr djus dh /k`Ôrk djrs
fQj ugha ykSVrhA mldk Øe'k% uk'k gks jgk gS] ;g lkspdj vkRek dks dY;k.k ds gSaA
lk/kuHkwr /keZ esa yxkuk pkfg,] D;ksfa d lHkh yksx viuk lq[k pkgrs gSAa Þ
lk/oFkZefHklU/kk; Øks/kkUeksgkPp lkglkr~A
blds lkFk ,d lkS ik¡pok¡ lxZ lekIr gksrk gSA ,d lkS NBs lxZ dk çkjEHk rkrL; ;nfrØkUra çR;kgjrq röokr~AA II.106. 14-15
Hkjr djrs gSAa bu Hkkb;ksa ds e/; dkO; ds vU; fookfn;ksa ds e/;] vkjEHk esa gekjs firk us bls uSfrd ck/;rk ekudj ;k iRuh ds Øks/k ds Hk;o'k tks
f'k"Vkpkj dk fofue; gksrk gSA çR;sd ,d vkSipkfjd Hkwfedk ls vkjEHk djrk gS] /keZ dk mYya?ku fd;k vkSj ;g vU;k;iw.kZ vkns'k fn;k] mls vki iyV nsAa firk
ßvkius cgqr [Ûkcw dgk gSA ok.kh esa vki fdrus dq'ky gSAa Þ rRi'pkr~ [kaMu&eaMu th us Hkwy ls ;g vU;k; fd;k] lEHkor% fdlh ew[kZrko'kA
vkjEHk gksrk gSA ;gh lkekU; çFkk FkhA Hkjr Jh jke ds mins'k dh ljkguk djrs gSa
firqÆg lefrØkUra iq=ks ;% lk/kq eU;rsA II.106.15
vkSj çn£'kr Hkh djrs gSa fd mlls mUgsa uSfrd ykHk ÛHkh feykA ijUrq] blls muds
ßtks iq= vius firk dh Hkwy dks Bhd djrk gS] ogh yksd esa mÙke larku
ân; esa dksbZ ifjorZu ugha vkrkA ijUrq] tSlk dSd;s h ds çfr muds O;ogkj esa
ekuk tkrk gS] tks blds foijhr dk;Z djrk gS] og firk dh Js"B larfr ugha gSAÞ
uezrk ugha vk;hA
rniR;a era yksds foijhrerks·U;FkkA II.106.16
çksf"krs ef; ;Rikia ek=k eRdkj.kkRÑre~AA
ßtks blds foijhr dk;Z djrk gS vFkkZr~ firk ds vuqfpr vkns'k dk ikyu
{kqæ;k rnfu"Va es çlhnrq Hkoku~ eeA II.106.8.9
djrk gS] og ^viR;^ dgs tkus ;ksX; ughaA os iru esa lgk;rk djrk gSA mudks
ßÏi;k n;k dhft, eq> ij] esjh ekrk dSd;s h us esjh vuqifLFkfr esa ,slk
udZ esa fxjkrk gSA vPNk rks ;gh gksxk fd vki viR;ksfpr dk;Z djds ,d ^viR;*
vkpj.k fd;kAÞ
cusaAÞ
/keZcU/ksu c)ks·fLe rsues ka usg ekrje~AA
ek Hkoku~ nq"Ñra firq%A II.106.16
gfUe rhoz.s k n.Msu n.Mkgk± ikidkfj.khe~A II.106.9.10
ßfirk th ds vuqfpr vkpj.k d leFkZu u djsAa mudh Hkwy dk leFkZu dj
ßeSa /keZ ds cU/ku esa c¡/kk gqvk gw¡] blhfy, bl ikidkfj.kh ,oa naMuh; ekrk
mUgsa nSoh naM dk Hkkxh u cuk;sAa mfpr dk;Zokgh dj mUgsa cpk yhft,AÞ
dks dBksj naM nsdj ekj ugha MkyrkAÞ

vkius ns[kk] ,d prqj O;fDr fdl çdkj vius eryc ds fy;s ckr dks fd jktk }kjk okLrfod çkFkfedrk dSd;s h dks fn, x, nwljs okns dks nh xbZ Fkh]
rksMÛ&ejksMÛ ldrk gSA tks fd yksxksa dks #fpdj u Fkk] rdZ ds :i esa mUgksua s igy dk;Zokgh dks Hkh ,d
vc eSa vkidks dqN ,slh ckr crkus tk jgk gw¡] tks bl egkdkO; esa n`<Û vk'oklu ds :i esa çkekf.kdrk dk tkek igukus dk fu'p; fd;kA muds er
lkekU;r% lc yksxksa ds /;ku esa ugha vkrhA eSa ;g ugha dgrk fd eSua s dksbZ ,slh ds vuqlkj igys okns dks vfHkHkkoh gksuk pkfg, FkkA vkb,] TÛkjk ,d {k.k ;g Hkh
phTÛk dh [kkst dh gS] tks vU; O;fDr;ksa ls fNih gSA bl dkaM ds vkjEHk esa gh ,d fopkj djsa fd Jh jke dks ;g ckr dSlh yxhA ^jkek;.k* esa blds lEcU/k esa dksbZ
ç'u mHkj dj vkrk gSA D;k lpeqp jke us firk dks fn, opu dk ;FkkFkZ esa ikyu ladrs ugha gSA fdUrq] n`<Û fo'okl ls eSa dg ldrk gw¡ (;|fi çk;% eSa ,slk nkok ugha
fd;k\ tks yksx ;g ekurs Fks fd tks os dj jgs gS]a Bhd ugha gS] mUgksua s bl er dk fd;k djrk] ijUrq ;gk¡ eq>s iDdk fo'okl gS) fd ;fn Jh jke ls bl fo"k; esa
xEHkhj fojks/k fd;k vkSj n`<Û fo'okl ds lkFk fd;kA mUgksua s vius rdZ ftl çdkj ç'u&mÙkj fd, tkrs] rks os viuk er bl çdkj çLrqr djrsA
çLrqr fd;s] mls Hkh lqfu,A tSlk vkidks fofnr gS] v;ks/;k dkaM dk vkjEHk gh ßFkksMÛh nsj ds fy;s eku fy;k tk;s fd igyk Hkh ,d oknk Fkk vkSj nksuksa
jktk n'kjFk ds bl fu'p; ds lkFk gksrk gS fd lkezkT; esa ,d ;qojkT; LFkkfir led{k okns FksA fQj Hkh igys dks dk;kZfUor djuk] viuh çfr"Bk de djuk FkkA
fd;k tk;s vkSj Jh jke dks ml in ij fu;qDr fd;k tk;sA vr% loZçFke os jke eq>s rks firk th ds nks oknksa esa ls ,d dk pquko djuk gSA ;fn eSa igys okns dks iwjk
dks cqyokrs gSa vkSj mUgsa vius fu'p; ls voxr djkrs gSAa fQj blds fy;s os djrk gw¡] rks D;k turk ;g ugha dgsxh fd eSua s vius ykHk vkSj fgr ds fy;s ,slk
loZlEer leFkZu dk ,d O;kid vk/kkj cukus ds fy;s jkT; ds /kuh&ekuh fd;k\ os dgsaxs fd og rks vf/kd ykHkdj fodYi FkkA /keZ ds fo"k; esa esjk
O;fDr;ksa] leLr jbZlksa] O;kikfj;ksa] euhf"k;ksa] nk'kZfudksa] bR;kfn dks vkefU=r n`f"Vdks.k furkUr fHkék gSA ;fn esjs le{k nks oSdfYid dÙkZO; gks]a ftudk eq>s
djrs gSa vkSj bl eaMyh ds le{k viuk çLrko çLrqr djrs gSAa os lc ,d er ls ikyu djuk gS] rks fuLladksp eSa muesa ls mlh dks pqu¡wxk] ftlesa dqN R;kx djuk
ekurs gS]a tSlk visf{kr Fkk] fd egkjkt vius thou esa blls vPNk dk;Z nwljk vko';d gks] ftlesa dqN vkRe&nq%[k fufgr gksA eSa dnkfi ,sls fodYi dks pquus esa
ugha dj ldrs] ftruk fd 'kklu gLrkUrj.k ls gksxk] og Hkh ,d ,sls iq= dks] tks vkd£"kr ugha gksÅ¡xk] ftlds lEcU/k esa esjs fo"k; esa ;g dgk tk lds fd eSua s ,slk
mls ogu djus ds ;Fkk ;ksX; gSAa bl ?kVuk ds ckn gh eaFkjk ds çHkko esa vkdj] dsoy LokFkZo'k vkSj vugZ mís';ksa ls çsfjr gksdj fd;kAÞ iw.kZ fu'p; ls] 'kr~
dSd;s h us o`¼ jktk dh Hkkoukvksa dk vuqfpr ykHk mBkdj] mu nks ojnkuksa dks iwjk çfr'kr fu'p; ls] ;g dgk tk ldrk gS fd Jh jke us blh <ax ls viuk i{k
djus dk opu ys fy;k] tks çk;% Hkwys tk pqds FksA ;g jktk dk nwljk oknk FkkA çLrqr fd;k gksrkA eSa bl fcUnq ij bruk cy D;ksa ns jgk gw¡\ Hkjr] tSlk vki
fopj.kh; ckr ;g gS fd igyk oknk turk ds lkFk fd;k x;k Fkk vkSj Lo;a Jh tkurs gh gS]a Jh jke ds tUetkr HkkbZ FksA ;|fi os Jh jke ls dHkh&dHkh nwj Hkh jgs
jke ds lkFk HkhA dSd;s h dks fn;k x;k oknk ckn dk Fkk] ftldks egkjkt n'kjFk us Fks] rFkkfir os Jh jke ds ân; dks HkyhHkk¡fr igpkurs Fks D;ksfa d nksuksa le#fp FksA
vf/kd egRo fn;kA y{e.k] Hkjr vkSj vU; lc yksxksa us nwljs okns dks igys dh Hkjr Hkh mUgha ds leku vfr fo'kky ân; vkSj mnkjpsrk FkkA os lnk çR;sd
rqyuk esa ojh;rk fn, tkus ij vkifÙk dhA og o`¼ jktk ds fy, D;ksa vf/kd oLrq&fLFkfr dks /kk£ed n`f"V ls ns[krs Fks vkSj fQj mlh dk vuqlj.k djuk ilUn
ck/;dkjh ekuk x;k] tc mlls igys ,d vU; oknk fd;k tk pqdk Fkk\ oLrqr% djrs FksA vc nsf[k,] Hkjr fdl çdkj viuh ckr çLrqr djrs gSAa ßHkS;k! eSa vkids
igyh ckr dks fdlh ds lkFk okn dh laKk nsuk Hkk"kk ds lkFk [kspa krkuh djuk gSA jax <ax ls ifjfpr gw¡A vki rks loZnk ogh djsxa ]s tks vkids fy;s d"Vçn gks] vki
og rks dsoy ,d O;oLFkk Fkh] ftldk çLrko jktk us viuh çtk ds fgr ds fy;s rks d"Vksa dks fuea=.k nsus okys gksAa vkidks rks vkRe&R;kx gh ilan gSA R;kx dk
çLrqr fd;k FkkA fdlh dks Hkh jktk ls bldh ek¡x djus dk vf/kdkj ugha Fkk] ;g ,d <ax eSa Hkh vkidks crkuk pkgrk gw¡A Ïi;k /;ku nsAa
lkspdj fd vc le; vk x;k gS fd os vius jkT;Hkkj ds dqN va'k ls Lo;a dks vFk Dys'kteso Roa /keZ pfjrqfePNfl AA II.106.21
eqDr dj lds]a mudks bPNk gqbZ fd mldk nkf;Ro vius iq= dks lkSia nsAa ;g
;fn Dys'klk/; /keZ dk gh vkpj.k vkidks çÏfr ds vuqlkj gS rks]
fuLlUnsg ,d foosdiw.kZ dÛne FkkA ijUrq ;g O;oLFkk Lo;a muds vkSj jkT; ds
fgr ds fy;s FkhA fdUrq] bldks fdlh nwljs dks fn, x;s vkSipkfjd vk'oklu dh /kes.Z k prqjks o.kkZu~ iky;u~ Dys'kekIuqfgA II.106.-22
çfr"Bk ugha çnku dh tk ldrh Fkh] ftls os yksx vkxzgiwod Z muls ek¡x ldrs FksA /kekZul q kj pkjksa o.kks± dk ikyu djrs gq, gh d"V mBkb;sA D;k vki le>rs
yksxksa dks ,slk n`f"Vdks.k viukuk lk/kkj.kr% ekU; ugha FkkA ijUrq ;g ns[krs gq, gSa fd çtk ds pkjksa o.kks± dks vius fu;r dÙkZO;ksa ij yxk;s j[kuk lgt lk/; gS\

;g ,d dfBu nq"dj nkf;Ro gS vkSj blesa iwjh&iwjh lgu'khyrk dh ijh{kk gksrh gSA rks /keZ ds fu;eksa esa Jh jke dh n`<Ûrk dks ns[kdj mUgsa g"kZ gqvk vkSj ogha nwljh
blds fy;s mPpre le>nkjh dh vko';drk gksxhA vkidks jkrksa uhan Hkh ugha vksj mUgsa nq%[k vkSj 'kksd gqvk fd Jh jke muds 'kkld cuus dks rS;kj ugha gq,A
vk;sxhA vki bl mÙkjnkf;Ro dks l¡Hkkfy;sAÞ bu nksuksa çdkj dh Hkkoukvksa esa tulewg dHkh b/kj dHkh m/kj Mk¡okMksy FkkA dHkh
prq.kkZekJek.kka fg xkgZLF;a Js"BekJee~AA os g£"kr gksrs vkSj dHkh vius HkkX; dks dkslrsA dfo bldk o.kZu bl çdkj djrk
gSA
çkgq/kZeK
Z /keZKkLra dFka R;DrqegZflA II.106.22,23
ßleLr vkJeksa esa x`gLFk vkJe loksiZ fj gSA /keZ dks tkurs gq, Hkh vki rnn~Hkqra LFkS;eZ os{; jk?kos lea tuks g"kZeoki nq%f[kr%A
mlls nwj dSls gks ldrs gS\a Þ os vkxs dgrs gSa % u ;kR;;ks/;kfefr nq%f[krks·HkofRLFkjçfrKRoeos{; gÆ"kr%AA
II.106.34
Jqrus ckyks LFkkusu tUeuk Hkorks áge~AA II.106.23,24
ßJh jke dh vn~Hkqr n`<Ûrk dks ns[kdj lc yksx nq%[kh gq, vkSj lkFk gh lkFk
ß'kkL=Kku vkSj tUetkr~ voLFkk& nksuksa gh n`f"V;ksa ls eSa vkidh vis{kk
g£"kr HkhA os v;ks/;k ugha tk jgs gSµ a ;g lkspdj os nq%[kh gq, vkSj çfrKkikyu esa
ckyd gw¡A fQj vkids jgrs gq,] eSa olq/kk dk ikyu dSls d:¡xk\Þ
mudh n`<Ûrk dks ns[kdj os g£"kr gq,] ;|fi ;g muds firk dh çfrKk FkhAÞ
ghucqf)xq.kks ckyks ghu% LFkkusu pkI;ge~AA
vxys lxZ esa Jh jke Hkjr ls dgrs gS]a ßrqe lksprs gks fd T;s"B iq= gksus ds
(;g lR; gS fd Hkjr jke ls dqN ?kaVksa ckn iSnk gq, FksA)
ukrs firk th dh vkKk esjs fy, ikyuh; gS vkSj rqEgkjs fy, ughaA rqEgkjk fopkj
l dFka ikyf;";kfe Hkwfea Hkofr fr"BfrA ,slk D;ksa gS\ firk th us rqEgkjs fy, ,d nwljk dÙkZO; fu/kkZfjr fd;k gS] v;ks/;k
Hkork p foukHkwrks u orZf;rqeRq lgsA II.106.24,25 dk jktk cu dj jkT; dks pykukA rqe Hkwy jgs gks fd rqEgkjk dÙkZO; ;g gSAÞ
ßeSa cqf¼ vkSj xq.k nksuksa ls ghu gw¡] ckyd gw¡ rFkk esjk LFkku vkils cgqr
NksVk gSA vr% eSa vkids fcuk ugha jg ldrk] jkT; dk ikyu rks nwj dh ckr gSA Hkokufi rFksR;so firja lR;okfnue~A
drZeq gZfr jktsUæ f{kçesokfHk"kspukr~AA II.107.9
vkids ;gk¡ jgrs gq, eSa olq/kk dk ikyu dSls d:¡xk\ yksx D;k dgsxa \s lc Hkkj
ßrqe Hkh mudh vkKk dks f'kjks/kk;Z dj 'kh?kz gh jkT;in ij viuk vfHk"ksd
dSls laHkkyw¡xk\Þ
djk yksA ;gk¡ le; O;FkZ u xaokvksA vius firk dh bPNk iwjh djks] tSls mudh
bgSo RokfHkf"k´pUrq lokZ% çÑr;% lgAA
bPNk eSa iwjh dj jgk gw¡AÞ
_`fRot% lofl"Bk'p eU=oUeU=dksfonk%A II.106.26,27
ßeSa jkt/kkuh ls lc dqN ysdj vk;k gw¡A eSa tuin dh lc fL=;ksa dks yk;k _`.kkUeksp; jktkua eRÑrs Hkjr çHkqeA~
gw¡A eSa lHkh xq#vksa dks ysdj vk;k gw¡A ea=ksa ds Kkrk eg£"k ofl× vkfn] lHkh ½fRot firja =kfg /keZKa ekrja pkfHkékn;AA II.107.10
rFkk ea=h] lsukifr vkSj çtk vkfn lkjh çÏfr;k¡ ;gk¡ mifLFkr gSAa vfHk"ksd fufeÙk ßrqe esjs fy, firk th dks dSd;s h ds ½.k ls eqDr djksA mUgsa udZ ls fxjus
lc vko';d lkexzh ys vk;k gw¡A lsuk] pkj.k] lHkh ;gk¡ gSAa xk;u vkSj laxhr ds ls cpkvks vkSj ekrk dk Hkh vkuUn c<ÛkvksAÞ
ok| Hkh vk x;s gSAa vkSj vkidks D;k pkfg,\ lc iqjksfgr Hkh ;gk¡ gS]a tks osnksa dks eSua s iwoZ gh crk;k Fkk fd Hkjr us 'kCn ^viR;* dk ç;ksx Jh jke dks lEer
vk|ksikr tkuus okys gSAa esjh vfHkyk"kk gS fd ;s yksx ;gha vkidk vfHk"ksd djsAa Þ djus ds fy, fd;k FkkA vr,o] Jh jke Hkh ogh pky vc pyrs gSAa os dgrs gSa %
ijUrq ,df=r gq, jke loZFkk n`<Û FksA os Hkjr dh ckr fcYdqy ekéks dks rS;kj Jw;rs fg iqjk rkr JqfrxhZrk ;'kfLoukA
u FksA Jksrkvksa dk fo'kky lewg bl dk;Zokgh dks cMÛh mRlqdrk ls ns[k jgk Fkk x;su ;tekusu x;s"oso firù~ çfrAA II.107.11
D;ksfa d mudh gk£nd bPNk Fkh fd bl fookn esa Hkjr dks fot; feysA dfo dgrk ßlquk tkrk gS fd uked ,d ;'kLoh cqf¼eku jktk x; us x;k ns'k esa ,d
gS] ßJksrkvksa dh euksHkkouk;sa fefJr lh FkhaA mUgksua s bldh ifjdYiuk igys ls ugha egku ;K vius firjksa dks cpkus ds fy, fd;k FkkA mUgksua s vius firjksa dk m¼kj
dh Fkh fd Jh jke dk joS;k bruk n`<Û gksxkA os dgus yxs fd gekjh rks ;g bPNk dj Hkkoh ihf<Û;ksa ds fy, ,d dgkor dgh Fkh tks bl çdkj gS %
Fkh fd Hkjr fot;h gksa vkSj Jh jke v;ks/;k ykSV dj gekjs jktk cusAa fdUrq] jke iqékEuks ukjdk|LekfRirja =k;rs lqr%A
ds rdks± dks rks ns[kks] os vius çfrKkikyu /keZ esa fdrus n`<Û gSAa Þ vr,o] ,d vksj rLekRiq= bfr çksDr% firù~ ;% ikfr loZr%AA II.107.12

csVk] Þiqeß~ uked udZ ls firk dk m¼kj djrk gS] ,d vk;kstu djds ftls ls fdlh cnrj fLFkfr esa ugha gw¡A ge nksuksa ds thou esa iw.kZ lerk gS]Þ vkSj os bl
^b"V iq=* dgrs gSAa og pkgs /ku nku nsdj fd;k tk;s ;k efUnjksa esa fd;k tk;s ;k ckr dks bl çdkj Li"V djrs gSa %
vU; çdkj lsA blhfy, og îq=* dgykrk gSA iq= ogh gS] tks firjksa dh lc vksj Roa jktk Hkjr Hko Lo;a ujk.kka oU;kukegefi jktk.e`xk.kke~A
ls j{kk djrk gSAÞ fQj Jh jke Hkjr ls dgrs gS]a ß,d csVk] tks ijksidkjh vuq"Bku xPN Roa iqjoje| laçâ"V% laâ"VLRogefi n.Mdku~ çso{;sAA
djds vius firk ds dY;k.k ds fy, mUgsa le£ir djrk gS] ogh iq= dgykus ;ksX; II.107.17
gSAÞ fQj Jh jke Hkjr ls dgrs gS]a ßmfpr rks ;gh gS fd rqe iq= cuksA rqeus eq>s ßrqe Lo;a euq";ksa ds jktk cuks vkSj eSa taxyh i'kqvksa dk lezkV~ cuw¡xkA rqe
^viR;^ cuus dks dgk Fkk] eSa rqEgsa îq=* cuus dks dgrk gw¡AÞ vR;Ur g"kZiwoZd v;ks/;k dks tkvks vkSj eSa Hkh çlékrkiwoZd naMdou esa ços'k
,"VO;k cgo% iq=k xq.koUrks cgqJr q k%A d:¡xkA ,slk lkspuk Hkh ugha fd eq>s fdlh çdkj dk Dys'k gksxkAÞ
rs"kka oS leosrkukefi df'pn~x;ka oztr s A~ A II.107.13 Nk;ka rs fnudjHkk% çck/kekua o"kZ=a Hkjr djksrq ewÆ/u 'khrke~A
vkns'k gS fd ,d euq"; ds cgqr ls xq.koku vkSj cqf¼eku iq= gksus pkfg,A ,rs"kkegefi dkuuæzek.kka Nk;ka rkefr'kf;uha lq[kh Jf;";sAA
,d i;kZIr ugha] nks Hkh ugha] D;ksfa d thou esa vusd ifjorZu vkSj mrkj&p<Ûko vk II.107.18
ldrs gSAa çkIr gq, esa de ls de ,d rks ,slk gks] tks x;k tkdj Jk¼ dj ldsA ßrqe tkvks vkSj lw;Z ds rki ls foJkfUr yks] jktlh N=Nk;k ds uhpsA og
;g LFky x;k] fdruk fo[;kr jgk gksxk fd Jh jke ds le; esa Hkh mls ,slh ikou N= rqEgkjs eLrd ij 'khry Nk;k djsA eSa Hkh bu taxyh ouo`{kksa dh ?kuh Nk;k
fof'k"Vrk dk xkSjo çkIr Fkk! fdruk çkphu LFkku jgk gksxk ;g] ftlds fy, euq"; dk vkJ; yw¡xkA eq>s fdlh çdkj dk d"V ugha gksxkAÞ
cgqr ls iq=ksa dh dkeuk djrs Fks] rkfd muesa ls ,d rks mudk Jk¼ x;k esa djsA 'k=q?u% dq'kyefrLrq rs lgk;% lkSfef=eZe fofnr% ç/kkufe=e~A
,oa jkt"kZ;% losZ çrhrk jktuUnuA pRokjLru;ojk o;a ujsUæa lR;LFka Hkjr pjke ek fo"khnAA
rLekR=kfg ujJs"B firja ujdkRçHkksAA II.107.14 II.107.19
ßHkjr! bl çdkj lHkh jkt£"k;ksa us firjksa ds m¼kj dk fu'p; fd;k FkkA ßrqe fo"kkn er djksA eSa Hkh rqEgkjh gh rjg fcYdqy Bhd&Bkd çlék jgw¡xkA
vr%] rqe Hkh vius firk dk udZ ls m¼kj djksAÞ rqe okil pys tkvksAÞ
Hkjr Jh jke dks ckj&ckj dgrs Fks] ßvki rks ,d egkiq#"k gSAa egku dqy esa blds ckn esa nks lxZ vkSj gS]a ftudks eSa ;gk¡ uTÛkj&vUnkTÛk djus tk jgk gw¡A
vkidk tUe gqvk gSA jktlh oSHko vkSj mPpre lEeku lHkh dqN vkids fy, gSA bu nks lxks± esa ls igys eSa tkckfy Jh jke dks HkkSfrdokn dk feF;k fl¼kUr
vkidk ou esa tkdj d"Ve; thou O;rhr djuk esjs fy;s vlá gSAÞ Jh jke le>krs gSAa vxys lxZ esa Jh jke blds fy;s mfpr Hkk"kk esa mudh HkRLukZ djrs gSAa
dgrs gS]a ß,slh ckr ugha gSAÞ fiNyh okrkZ ds vUr esa eSua s crk;k Fkk fd tc os ou dqN yksxksa dk ,slk er gS fd ;s nksuksa lxZ vçekf.kd vkSj çf{kIr gSa vkSj nwljksa ds
esa Fks jke dks fcYdqy ,slk ugha yxk fd os fuokZflr fd, x, gSAa * mUgksua s ou dk }kjk ckn esa tksMÛs x, gSAa ,slk gS ;k ugha] blls gesa dksbZ ç;kstu ughaA u rks budk
thou bruh lgtrk ls viuk fy;k fd çrhr gksrk Fkk fd os ml okrkoj.k ds fy, dksbZ çHkko rdZ&fordZ ij iMÛrk gS vkSj u gh dFkkoLrq ijA vUr esa ofl"B] Jh
loZFkk vuqdy w FksA lhrk dks Hkh ,slk yxus yxk ekuks og v;ks/;k esa gh jg jgh gksAa jke vkSj tkckfy ds chp esa vk tkrs gSAa ;g ns[kdj fd Jh jke bl czkã.k ij cqjh
mu nksuksa ds fy,] ftuds ân; dHkh Hkh jgus ds fy, vius dks ogk¡ dh ifjfLFkfr rjg cjl jgs gS]a eqfu ofl"B czkã.k dh j{kk gsrq chp&cpko djrs gSAa ÞbUgksua s bl
esa <ky ldrs Fks] ;fn ogk¡ dk okrkoj.k mPp vkSj ifo= gks] ou esa jgus ls dksbZ le; fdlh fo'ks"k mís'; ls (rqEgsa ykSVkus dh bPNk ls) gh ;s ckrsa dgha FkhA okLro
vUrj ugha iMÛrk FkkA Jh jke dgrs gS]a ßHkS;k! rqe esjs fy, dksbZ fpUrk er djksA esa os ukfLrd ugha gSAa Þ os jke ls dgrs gS]a ßos ;g ns[kuk pkgrs Fks fd ;fn rqe dqN
,slk eu esa er lkspks fd ouokl ls eq>s dqN d"V gksus okyk gSA rqe lksprs gks fd vlko/kku gks] rks os rqEgsa jkT; ij ykSVus ds fy;s jkTÛkh dj ldsAa ijUrq rqe rks cMÛs
rqEgkjk thou vkuUne; gksxk vkSj esjk d"Ve;] ,slh dksbZ ckr ugha gSA eSa rqEgkjs tkx:d gksA [ÛkjS ] vc tkckfy dks NksMÛkAs Þ rRi'pkr~ ofl"B th dk ,d yEck
O;k[;ku vkjEHk gksrk gSA os dgrs gSa %
* nsf[k, v-9, i`-132.

b{okdw.kka fg los"Z kka jktk Hkofr iwot Z %A eSa ;gk¡ ofl"B ds lEcU/k esa dqN dguk pkgw¡xkA lEHkor% esjh fVIi.kh
iwot
Z s ukoj% iq=ks T;s"Bks jkT;s·fHkf"kP;rsAA II.110.35 vR;Ur vuqi;qDr le>h tk;s] ijUrq okYehfd dh jpuk ls eq>s leFkZu feyrk
vki tkurs gh gksxa s fd bl oa'k esa b{okdq euq ds vkSjl iq= FksA ofl"B th gSA bl volj ij ofl"B th dh Hkwfedk dqN fofp= gSA os fdlh fof'k"V çHkko'kkyh
mu lcds dqyxq# jgs FksA os mu lcdks tkurs Fks vkSj mu lcdk mYys[k djrs gSAa Hkwfedk dk çn'kZu ugha djrs] tSlh fd muds cMÛs uke ls vis{kk dh tk ldrh FkhA
os crkrs gSa fd b{okdqofa 'k;ksa ds ;gk¡ jktk dh e`R;q ds i'pkr~ lnk T;s"B iq= gh os rks /keZ ds ewr&Z óksr Fks] leLr Kku ds HkaMkj FksA osn dk dksbZ va'k ;k dksbZ vU;
jktk gksrk vk;k gSA vc os Hkjr dk leFkZu djrs gq, dgrs gSAa ßT;s"B ds gksrs gq, çekf.kd rF; ugha Fkk] ftlls os vufHkK FksA dksbZ Hkh riL;k mUgksua s ugha NksMÛh FkhA
NksVk iq= jktk ugha gks ldrkA T;s"B iq= dk gh jkT;kfHk"ksd gksrk gSAÞ os Jh jke dks os vR;Ur vuqHkoh o;kso`¼ Fks] tks lalkj dh lHkh xfrfof/k;ksa dks ns[k pqds FksA
v;ks/;k ykSV tkus dk ijke'kZ nsrs gSAa ijUrq bl dFkk esa mudh Hkwfedk dqN fofp= FkhA ftl le; Jh jke lcds
;g lkspdj fd jke furkUr vkKkijk;.k gSa vkSj lc dqN cMÛs 'kkUrHkko ls lkewfgd fojks/k dk vdsys gh lkeuk djrs gS]a os bl /keZ ds óksr vkSj vk/kkj
eku ysxa ]s os TÛkjk vkxs c<Ûrs gSAa os dgrs gS]a ßrqe vius firk dh vkKk ikyu djuk (ofl"B ls) vius i{k esa dqN leFkZu dh vis{kk dj ldrs FksA mUgsa vdsyk D;ksa
pkgrs gks vkSj esjh inoh rqEgkjs firk ls Hkh Å¡ph gSA os ,d o`¼ iq#"k FksA eSa rqEgkjk NksMÛ fn;k x;k\ ofl"B th us D;ksa ,slk ugha dgk] ßbl O;fDr us tks dqN fd;k]
xq# gw¡A esjh vkKk dk ikyu djksAÞ ijUrq Jh jke us vius mÙkj ls mUgsa Hkh pqi dj og loZFkk mfpr gh gSA mlds fy;s ekrk&firk dh vkKk vo'; ikyuh; FkhAÞ ;fn
fn;k % mUgksua s ,slk dqN dgk gksrk] rks ckr dk #[Ûk dqN vkSj gh gksrkA ijUrq mUgksua s ,slk
;UekfRirjkS o`Ùka ru;s dq:r% lnkA ugha fd;kA mUgksua s nwljs yksxksa dk i{k fy;kA /;ku nsus dh ckr gS fd tc Hkjr
u lqçfrdja rÙkq ek=k fi=k p ;RÑre~AA II.111.9 vius ekek ds ?kj ls ykSVs Fks] ofl"B th us n`<Ûrkiwod Z lc xq#vks]a osn vkfn ds
os dgrs gS]a ßekrk vkSj firk iq= ds çfr] tks loZnk Lusgiw.kZ orkZo djrs gS]a uke ij Hkjr dks jkT; xzg.k djus vkSj jktk cuus ds fy;s le>k;k Fkk] ;g dgrs
mldk cnyk iq= }kjk lgt gh pqdk;k ugha tk ldrkA vr% eq>s ;g er crkb;s gq,] ßrqEgkjs firk th rks pys x, vkSj T;s"B HkkbZ mifLFkr ugha gSA ,slh voLFkk esa
fd xq# ekrk&firk ls Hkh c<Ûdj gksrk gSA ;g ckr eSa dnkfi ugha eku ldrkAÞ jkT; dks vjktdrk esa NksMÛk ugha tk ldrk]ß bl çdkj dk ijke'kZ mUgksua s fn;kAÞ
;Fkk'kfDr çnkusu LukiukPNknusu pA fdUrq] Hkjr jkT; dks vLohdkj dj nsrs gSAa Hkjr ds fo"k; esa dfo dgrk gS :*
fuR;a p fç;oknsu rFkk lao/kZusu pAA II.111.10 foyyki lHkke/;s txgsZ p iqjksfgre~AA II 82.10
ßlSda MÛkas midkj ekrk&firk vius iq= ds fy, djrs gS]a tSls viuh 'kfDr ds ;g lqudj Hkjh lHkk esa Hkjr vk¡lw cgkus yxs vkSj iqjksfgr th dks mikyEHk
vuqlkj mÙke [kk|inkFkZ nsuk] mcVu vkfn yxkdj ugykuk] vPNs fcNkSus ij nsus yxsA
lqykuk] lnk ehBh ckrsa cksyuk rFkk ikyu&iks"k.k djus ds }kjkA vusdksa NksV]s n;k ;g NksVk lk Nksdjk mUgsa mykiEHk nsrs gq, dgrk gS] ßxq#nso! vki rks
vkSj çse Hkjs midkj os djrs gSAa Þ b{okdq dqy dh e;kZnk vkSj çfr"Bk ds fu/kku gSAa fQj eq>ls bl çdkj dh ckr
tSls ,d vaxTsz Ûkh dfo dgrk gS] ßvuqdEik vkSj çse Hkjs vusdksa lk/kkj.k dSls dg ldrs gS\a jke ds gksrs gq, eq>s jktk cuus dks dguk vkids fy, /keZlxa r
vuke ÏR; ftudh Le`fr Hkh vc 'ks"k ughaA dkSu crk ldrk gS] dkSu o.kZu dj ugha gSAÞ vr% bl dFkk esa ofl"B dh Hkwfedk ,d fu"Qy Hkwfedk gSA
ldrk gS] dkSu eki ldrk gS] dkSu pqdk ldrk gS ml lcdks] ftldks ik;k gS Hkjr cMÛs ;qfDr dq'ky FksA muds ikl loZnk ,d nks nk¡o&isp le; ij
mlus] vius ek¡&cki ls\Þ mi;ksx djus ds fy, rS;kj jgrs Fks] os vc dgrs gS]a ßvc eSa çk;ksios'k (vu'ku)
ozr djus tk jgk gw¡ vFkkZr~ vék [kk, fcuk iMÛk jgw¡xk D;ksfa d HkS;k lh/kh rjg esjh
l fg jktk tuf;rk firk n'kjFkks eeA
ckr ekuus dks rS;kj ugha gksrAs vc eSa TÛkcjnLrh nckc dh bl uSfrd çfØ;k dk
vkKkra ;Ue;k rL; u rfUeF;k Hkfo";frAA II. 111.11
mi;ksx d:¡xkA eSa dq'kk ij ysVk jgw¡xk] u eSa Hkkstu d:¡xk] u lksÅ¡xk] tc rd
ßvr% esjs tUenkrk firk egkjkt n'kjFk dh vkKk feF;k ugha gksxhA mls eSa
esjs HkS;k esjh ckr ugha eku ysrAs Þ tks yksx lR;kxzg i¼fr ls HkyhHkk¡fr ifjfpr gS]a
vo'; iwjk d:¡xkAÞ
mUgsa ;g tkuus esa fnypLih gksxh fd ^jkek;.k* esa ;g fof/k dgk¡ rd lQy gqbAZ
* nsf[k, v-13.

Hkjr lqeU= dks cqykdj dgrs gS]a ßtkdj 'kh?kz gh cgqr lh dq'k ys vkvksAÞ lqeU= x,A thou dk vUr djus dh bPNk ls çk;ksios'k dk vkJ; fy;kA ,slk yxrk gS]
rks ofl"B th ds leku gh cgqr iqjkus vuqHkoh FksA os rqjUr bl Nksdjs dh ckr vaxn dks çk;ksios'k dk cgqr pko FkkA mUgksua s ckj&ckj bldk ç;ksx fd;k] rhu
ekuus ds fy, rS;kj ugha gq,A os Jh jke dk eq¡g rkdus yxsA Jh jke us bldks fHkék&fHkék voljksa ijA vc ogha ij ,d o`¼ x`/kz jgrk Fkk] tVk;q dk T;s"B Hkzkrk]
çksRlkfgr ugha fd;kA vr% lqeU= viuh txg ls ugha fgyrsA rc Hkjr dgrs gS]a lEikfrA mldks ;g irk py x;k fd mlds vkl&ikl gh vusd e`R;q gksus okyh
ßvPNk rks eSa Lo;a gh dq'k ys vkrk gw¡]Þ vkSj os vki gh ?kkl ys vkrs gSa vkSj mldh gSAa og ,d fodykax i{kh Fkk tks Hkw[k ls cgqr O;kdqy FkkA og f'kdkj ds fy;s
pVkbZ fcNk dj ysV tkrs gS]a vkSj dgrs gS]a ßHkS;k! vc] crkvks vki D;k dgrs gS\a Þ b/kj&m/kj vf/kd ?kwe Hkh u ldrk FkkA vr,o] og lkspus yxk ;fn ;s lc okuj
Jh jke dgrs gS]a ß;g tks lc dqN rqe dj jgs gks vuSfrd vkSj vuqfpr gSA rqeus ej tk;sxa s rks fdruk vPNk gksxkA D;ksfa d og vius lkSHkkX; dks cksy&cksy dj
vius dks gkL;kLin cuk fy;k gSA çk;ksios'k gekjs esa vuqer ugha gSA ge {kf=;ksa ljkg jgk Fkk] bu okujksa us gMÛcMÛkgV esa mldh vkokTÛk lqu yh vkSj fQj mudk
dks dnkfi bldk voyEcu ugha ysuk pkfg,A dsoy czkã.k gh dHkh&dHkh vU;k; çk;ksios'k dk fopkj lekIr gks x;kA
ds çfr ,slk djus esa foo'k gksrs gS]a tc mUgsa fdlh ls ½.k ;k dksbZ oLrq ysuk bl çk;ksios'k çlax dks iwjk djuk vuko';d gS] fdUrq jkspd gSA lqUnjdkaM
vko';d gks tkrk gS ;k tc os dksbZ iqjkuk ½.k olwy djuk pkgrs gSAa gekjs fy, esa guqeku us Hkh dqN ,slk gh fopkj fd;k Fkk] ;|fi mls dk;kZfUor ugha fd;k x;kA
,slk djuk dnkfi mfpr ughaAÞ bu lc çlaxksa ls ;g fu"d"kZ fudyrk gS fd ml le; çk;ksios'k dks vuqfpr ugha
czkã.kks ásdik'osu Z ujku~ jks)fq egkgZfrA ekuk tkrk FkkA yadk esa LFkku&LFkku [kkst djus ds i'pkr~ lhrk dks <w¡< u ikus ij
u rq ew/kkZfHkf"kDrkuka fof/k çR;qios'kusAA II.111.17 gqueku Hkh ,slk lksprs gSa %
ßczkã.k gh ,d djoV ysdj]/kjuk nsdj euq";ksa dks vU;k; ls jksd ldrk vn`"V~ok fda ço{;kfe rkega tudkRetke~A
gSA ijUrq jktfryd xzg.k djus okys {kf=;ksa ds fy;s bl çdkj /kjuk nsus dk /kzoq a çk;eqi"S ;fUr dkyL; O;frorZuAs A V.12.8
fo/kku ugha gSA rqEgkjs fy;s bl çdkj dh TÛkcjnLrh djuk 'kksHkuh; ugha gSAÞ ßtudufUnuh lhrk dks ns[kus esa vlQy gksdj eSa mUgsa D;k mÙkj nw¡xkA
ijUrq tc ml fo[;kr lsrq dk fuekZ.k djuk vko';d Fkk] okuj lsuk dks lqxhz o ds fuf'pr fd, gq, le; dk mYya?ku dj nsus ij vc eSa vkej.k vu'ku
nwljs ikj ys tkus ds fy;s vkSj leqæ mudh ckr vulquh dj jgk Fkk] ml le; d:¡xkAÞ
Jh jke us Lo;a D;k fd;k\ D;k os Hkwy x, fd os {kf=; gS\a ,slk gh yxrk gSA bu ^jkek;.k* ls ;fn çk;ksios'k ds fo"k; esa dqN f'k{kk feyrh gS] rks og ;g gS
lc fLFkfr;ksa esa ifj.kker% ,d vkSfpR; dke djrk ekywe gksrk gSA Hkjr vius fd ;g fujFkZd gSA
ç;kl esa lQy ugha gq,A Jh jke us Hkh {kk= /keZ ds foijhr gh çk;ksios'k dk fu.kZ; ;g ns[kdj Hkh fd Jh jke mls vuqfpr Bgjkrs gS]a Hkjr rqjUr mios'k ls
fy;k vkSj os Hkh rhu fnu vkSj rhu jkr Hkw[k gMÛrky dj iMÛs jgs] tkxj.k djrs ugha mBs] ogha ds ogha cSBs jgsA mu yksxksa ls] ftUgsa os v;ks/;k ls lkFk ysdj vk, Fks]
jgs] fpUrkxzLr jgs] ijUrq leqæ nsork us n'kZu ugha fn;kA rc os Hkh dgrs gSa fd] Hkjr us vkxzgiwod Z dgk] ßvki yksx HkS;k dks D;ksa ugha le>krs gS\a nsf[k, u] os
ßeSa çk;ksios'k NksMÛrk gw¡AÞ tc mUgksua s leqæ nsork dks /kedk;k] Mjk;k vkSj /kuq"k fdrus gBhys gSAa buls dqN rks dfg,AÞ nksuksa vksj dh ckr lqudj ;|fi mudh
ck.k ysdj dgk] ßeSa bl leqæ dks 'kq"d cuk nw¡xk] lq[kk nw¡xk]Þ rc dgha leqæ gk£nd bPNk ;gh Fkh fd Jh jke v;ks/;k ykSV pys]a fdUrq os yksx jke ls ,slk
nsork us çdV gksus dk fu'p; fy;kA /;ku nsus dh ckr gS fd vUrr% cy ç;ksx dgus dk lkgl u dj ldsA os cksy]s ßijUrq] ge djsa D;k\ rqEgkjs HkkbZ lR;iFk
gh lQy gqvk] uje ç;Ru dksbZ dke ugha vk;kA ^jkek;.k* esa çk;ksios'k ds vU; ij yxrs gS]a firk dh vkKk dk ikyu djus esa çfrc¼ gSAa Þ rRi'pkr~ Jh jke Hkjr
çlax Hkh gSAa lqxhz o us lhrk dh [kkst esa okujksa dks pkjksa fn'kkvksa esa Hkstk FkkA blds ls dgrs gS]a ßrqe ns[k jgs gks rqEgkjs vius yksx Hkh rqEgkjk lkFk NksMÛ jgs gSAa HkkbZ!
fy, lHkk Hkh fuf'pr dh xbZ FkhA guqeku vaxn vkfn ds lkFk nf{k.k fn'kk dh vksj rqEgkjk çk;ksios'k ljklj xÛyr gSA vc mBks] esjs HkkbZ! rqeus tks ;g vuqfpr dk;Z
x,] 'ks"k rhu fn'kkvksa dh vksj x,A ,d ekl iw.kZ gksus ij okuj fujk'k ykSV vk,A fd;k mldk vc rqEgsa çk;f'pr djuk iMÛxs kA vc 'kh?kz mBks] vkpeu djds esjk
ykSVus dh vof/k chr tkus ds dkj.k vaxn vkfn okujksa us fopkj fd;k fd fu/kkZfjr Li'kZ djksA bl çdkj rqEgkjh 'kqf¼ gks tk;sxhAÞ
vof/k chr tkus ij os lqxhz o ls ugha fey ldsxa s D;ksfa d vc muds fy, lqxhz o ds Hkjr us ,slk gh fd;k] mUgksua s çk;ksios'k NksMÛ fn;kA ijUrq tSlk fd eSua s
gkFkksa e`R;qnMa ds vfrfjDr dqN 'ks"k u FkkA vaxn dh vxqokbZ esa os lc Hkwfe ij ysV crk;k] mudh ;qfDr;ksa dk HkaMkj vHkh [Ûkkyh ugha gqvk FkkA okn&fookn dk ,d

vU; pj.k vkjEHk gksrk gSA Hkjr jke ls dgrs gS]a ßvki dgrs gSa fd firk th us ßdSd;s h us jktk ls oj ek¡xk Fkk vkSj eSua s mldk ikyu Lohdkj dj egkjkt
,slh vkKk nh Fkh fd ,d iq= jktk cus] nwljk cus vj.;oklhA ,slk gh lghA ;fn n'kjFk dks cpk;k FkkA vr% Hkjr! vc rqe Hkh tkvks vkSj ml oj dk ikyu dj
firk th dh vkKk ikyu djuk gh vfuok;Z gS] rks vki tkdj jktk cfu, vkSj eSa vlR; ds cU/ku ls vius firk dks eqDr djkvksAÞ
curk gw¡] vj.;oklhA vki esjh ,oTÛk dk;Z dfj;s vkSj eSa vkidhA ge vius rRi'pkr~ gh] eg£"k;ksa vkSj nsorkvksa us tks bl n`'; dks ns[kus ds fy;s ogk¡
nkf;Roksa dh vnyk&cnyh dj ysAa Þ mifLFkr Fks] viuk fu.kZ; fn;k] ftldk mYys[k eSa igys gh dj pqdk gw¡A mUgksua s
;fn Roo';a oLrO;a dÙkZO;a p firqop Z %A Hkjr ls dgk] ßvkt ds fnu Jh jke us tks dqN fd;k gS] og loZFkk mfpr gSA muds
vgeso fuoRL;kfe prqn'Z k lek ousAA II.111.26 fu.kZ; us jktk n'kjFk dks udZ tkus ls cpk fy;k gSA os vc LoxZ esa fLFkr gSa D;ksfa d
ßfirkth dh vkKk ikyu djus ds fy, eSa ;gk¡ pkSng o"kZ O;rhr dj yw¡xkA mudk dSd;s h ds çfr tks ½.k Fkk] Hkkjh uSfrd ¿.k Fkk] pkgs og fdruk Hkh nq"dj
vkidks ,slk djus dh vko';drk ughaAÞ rc jke us uxjokfl;ksa dks lEcks/ku dj Fkk] og vc jke us iwjk pqdk fn;k gSA vc ;fn rqe Jh jke dks v;ks/;k ykSVus dks
dgk] ßnsf[k,] TÛkjk bu egk'k; dks] tks vki lcdks ;gk¡ ysdj vk, gS!a os dSlh dgrs gks] rks jktk n'kjFk dk LoxZ ls iru gks tk;sxkAÞ ijUrq Hkjr us vc Hkh gkj
ew[kZrk dh ckrsa dj jgs gSAa eq>s pkSng o"kZ ds ouokl dk vkns'k feyk gSA D;k eSa ugha ekuhA ;qfDr;k¡ muds ikl vHkh vkSj Hkh FkhaA os Jh jke ds pj.kksa esa fxj iMÛrs
bldks gLrkarfjr dj ldrk gw¡\ D;k ;g esjs fy;s mfpr gksxk\ D;k eSa bl dk;Z gSa vkSj mUgsa vius gkFkksa ls n`<Ûrkiwod
Z idMÛrs gq, dgrs gS]a ßHkS;k! vki le>rs gSa
dks fdlh çfrfuf/k (mif/k) }kjk djok ldrk gw¡\Þ jke tuleqnk; ls fuosnu fd vkius rdZ eSa eq>s gjk fn;kA dnkfpr~~ ;g Bhd gSA ijUrq] eSa rks fcYdqy
djrs gSAa os muls dgrs gS]a Hkjr ls ugha % ukle> gw¡] eSa tkdj bl fo'kky lkezkT; dk lapkyu ugha dj ldrkA esjh ckr
foØhrekfgra Øhra ;fRi=k thfork eeA dkSu ekusxk\ lc yksx vkidh gh çrh{kk dj jgs gSa vkSj dgrs gS]a gesa Jh jke
u rYyksif;rqa 'kD;a e;k ok Hkjrsu okAA II.111.28 pkfg,¡A 'kklu djuk esjs o'k dh ckr ugha] esjs esa lkeF;Z ughaA eSa D;k dj
ßfirkth us vius thou dky esa ;fn dksbZ [Ûkjhn&QÛjks[Ûr dk O;kikj fd;k ldw¡xk\Þ
gks] dksbZ oLrq csp nh gS ;k /kjksgj j[k nh gS] rks D;Ûk (vkt ds mÙkjkf/kdkjh dh jf{krqa lqegækT;egesdLrq uksRlgsA
rjg) eSa mlds lEcU/k esa tkdj eqdÛnek nk;j d:¡xkA u rks eSa vkSj u gh Hkjr ikSjtkuinka'pkfi jDrku~ j¥tf;rqa rFkkAA II.112.11
mls ys'kek= iyV ldrs gSAa tks dqN fu.kZ; firk th us fy;k Fkk] ge rks dsoy ßeSa vdsyk bl fo'kky lkezkT; dh j{kk ugha dj ldrk] vki esa vuqjkx
mlls çfrc¼ gSAa esjs fy, ;g cgqr yTtktud gksxk] ;fn eSa mlds foijhr dqN j[kusokys bu iqjoklh rFkk tuinoklh yksxksa dks Hkh vkids fcuk çlék ugha j[k
Hkh djrk gw¡AÞ ldrkA tSls 'kq"d ½rq dh o"kkZ esa tc foyEc gks tkrk gS] fdlku gkFk mBkdj
mif/kuZ e;k dk;ksZ ouokls tqxqfIlr%A vkdk'k dh vksj ns[krs gSa vkSj bUæ ls çkFkZuk djrs gS]a mlh çdkj gekjs ca/kq&
;qDreqDra p dSd¸s ;k fi=k es lqÑra Ñre~AA II.111.29 cka/ko] fe= vkSj çtktu] ea=htu vkfn vkidh çrh{kk dj jgs gSa vkSj dsoy vki
ßeq>s ouokl ds fy;s fdlh dks Hkh viuk çfrfuf/k ugha cukuk pkfg, gh dks jktk ds :i esa ns[kuk pkgrs gSAa Þ
D;ksfa d lkeF;Z ds jgrs gq,] çfrfuf/k ls dke ysuk yksd esa fufUnr gSA dSd;s h us Kkr;'p fg ;ks/kk'p fe=kf.k lqân'p u%A
mfpr ek¡x gh çLrqr dh Fkh vkSj esjs firkth us mls nsdj iq.; deZ gh fd;k FkkAÞ Rokeso fg çrh{kUrs itZU;feo d"kZdk%A II.112.12
^;gk¡ nsf[k,]* 'kCn&mikf/k gS] ftldk mYys[k eSua s igys fd;k FkkA Jh jke fQj os dgrs gSa %
vius rdZ ds laoxs esa brus cg x, fd dSd;s h dks dsoy ekSu LohÏfr nsus ds bna jkT;a egkçkK LFkki; çfri| fgA
ctk;] os mldk vuqeksnu gh djus yxrs gSa] ßdSds;h dks ,slk djus dk iw.kZ 'kfDrekufl dkdqRLFk yksdL; ifjikyusAA II.112.13
vf/kdkj FkkAÞ ;g 'yksd dqN vLi"V gSA vr% eSa ,d Vhdkdkj ds vuq:i gh bldk vFkZ
o`rks jktk fg dSd¸s ;k e;k r}pua Ñre~A djrk gw¡A esjh le> ls 'yksd dk vfHkçk; bl çdkj gS& dksbZ vU; mik; u
vu`rkUeksp;kusu firja ra eghifre~AA II.111.32 ns[kdj Hkjr dgrs gS]a ßHkS;k] ;g jkT; vkidk gS] bldks xzg.k djsa vkSj fQj ;fn

vki pkga]s rks ,d çfr'kkld fu;qDr djds 'kklu Hkkj mls lkSia nhft,A ftldks ß;g lR; gS fd ekrk dSd;s h us tks dqN Hkh fd;k] og vuSfrd ç;kstu ls
vki pquas vkSj fu;qDr djs]a og gh bl çfØ;k ds vk/kkj ij 'kklu dk lapkyu çsfjr FkkA dkeuk ls vFkok yksHko'k] rqEgkjs fy;s tks dqN Hkh fd;k x;k] mldks eu
djus ds fy, vf/kÏr gksxkA vr% vki bl jkT; dks jkT; dks viuk dj fdlh dks esa u ykukA ,slk djuk mfpr u gksxkA mlds çfr lnk oSlk gh crkZo djuk] tSlk
fu;qDr dj ns]a tks vkidh vksj ls vkSj vkids vuqKk ls 'kklu dk dk;Z ns[ksxkAÞ viuh iwtuh;k ekrk ds çfr djuk pkfg,AÞ
Jh jke ;g ckr lqudj çlék gq, vkSj cksys % ekrja j{k dSd; s ha ek jks"ka dq: rka çfrAA
vkxrk Rokfe;a cqf)% Lotk oSukf;dh p ;kA e;k p lhr;k pSo 'kIrks·fl j?kqlÙkeA II.112. 27-28
Hk`'keqRlgls rkr jf{krqa i`fFkohefiAA II.112.16 ßeSa rqEgsa viuh vkSj lhrk dh 'kiFk fnykdj dgrk gw¡ fd rqe ekrk dSd;s h
ßrkr! rqEgsa tks LokHkkfod fou;'khy cqf¼ çkIr gqbZ gSA blls eq>s çek.k dh j{kk djuk] muds çfr dHkh Øks/k u djukAÞ
fey x;k gS fd rqe bl cqf¼ }kjk leLr HkweMa y dh j{kk djus esa leFkZ gks ldrs rnuUrj bl ukVd dk vfUre n`'; ?kfVr gksrk gSA lglk] ekuks fdlh
gksAÞ tknw ls Hkjr ,d tksMÛh lqo.kZ foHkwf"kr pj.k&iknqdk,¡ is'k djrs gSAa çrhr gksrk gS]
vekR;S'p lqâfö'p cqf)efö'p efU=fHk%A ;s Hkh mlh lkeku dk ,d vax Fkha] tks lkFk yk;k x;k Fkk] bl fopkj ls fd ;fn
loZdk;kZf.k laeU«kî lqegkUR;fi dkj;AA II.112.17 Jh jke vfHk"ksd ds fy;s jkTÛkh gks x,] rks budh (iknqdkvks)a dh vko';drk gksxhA
ßblds vfrfjDr ;fn rqEgsa dqN 'kadk gks] rqEgkjs ikl cgqr ls yksx gSa] blhfy, os pj.k&iknqdk,¡ ogk¡ miyC/k FkhaA ofl"B th ds ladrs ij Hkjr us os
ftuls lykg yh tk ldrh gSA iqjkus vkekR;] ftUgksua s iwoZ esa jkT; ds vusd Hkkxksa pj.k&iknqdk,¡ ckgj fudkyhaA rc Hkjr Jh jke ls cksy]s ßHkS;k! esjs fy;s bruk
esa 'kklu pyk;k gS] lqânksa vkSj cqf¼eku eaf=;ksa ls lykg ysdj 'kklu pyk;k tk vuqxgz djs&a ;s pj.k&iknqdk,¡ gSAa ,d ckj bu ij [kMÛs gksdj mrj vkb;sAÞ ,slh
ldrk gSA ;fn rqe vc Hkh lksprs gks fd esjs ykSVus dh dksbZ vk'kk gS] ,slk fopkj ekU;rk gS fd tc Jh jke mu iknqdkvksa ij [kMÛs gq,] rc fdlh jgL;e; çfØ;k
efLr"d ls fudky nksA ,slk rks dnkfi ugha gks ldrkAÞ ls mudh egkurk mu pj.k&iknqdkvksa esa LFkkukUrfjr gks xbZA Hkjr mu
y{eh'pUæknis;k}k fgeoku~ ok fgea R;tsrA~ pj.k&iknqdkvksa dks ?kj ys x;s vkSj mUgsa çfrLFkkfir djds] muds çfr oSlk gh
vrh;kRlkxjks osyka u çfrKkega firq%AA II.112.18 vknj Hkko çn£'kr djus yxs] tSlk fd os vius T;s"B Hkzkrk ds çfr djrs FksA ;g
ßvçkÏfrd ?kVuk;sa pkgs ?kV tk;s]a oLrq;as vius lgt xq.kksa dh R;kx ns]a lc bl fy;s fd;k fd mu iknqdkvksa ls mUgsa vko';d uSfrd çkf/kdkj pkfg,¡ vkSj
pUæek ls mldh T;ksRluk vyx gks tk;s] fgeky; fge dk ifjR;kx dj ns] leqæ le;≤ ij çsj.kk Hkh feysxh] tks ,d okLrfod 'kkld dh Hkwfedk fuHkkus ds
viuh lhekvksa dks yk¡?kdj vkxs c<Û tk;s] fdUrq eSa viuh firk dh çfrKk ugha rksMÛ fy, pkfg;sAa nwljs 'kCnksa es]a os jkT; esa dqN lhek rd Jh jke ds çfr'kkld gks
ldrk vFkok /keZ dks dnkfi ugha NksMÛ ldrkAÞ ldrs FksA ,slk dgk tkrk gS fd Jh jke }kjk ,d ckj ç;ksx gks tkus ds ckn Hkjr
;g 'yksd eSa igys Hkh mn~/k`r dj pqdk gw¡A vr,o bldh O;k[;k ugha us cMÛs vknj vkSj J¼kHkko ls mUgsa xzg.k djds f'kjks/kk;Z fd;kA bl iwjh dk;Zokgh
d:¡xkA vfUre 'kCn muds Fks fd Hkjr dSd;s h ds nq"deks± dks Hkwy tk;sa vkSj muls ds çfr Hkjr dh dSlh Hkkouk;sa Fkha] bldk irk 115osa lxZ esa feyrk gS %
,slk gh crkZo djsa tSlk ekrk ds çfr djuk pkfg,A ,rækT;a ee Hkzk=k nÙka l™îkloRLo;e~A
blls Li"V gks x;k gksxk fd okn&fookn ds vkosx esa Hkh vFkok pje lek ;ksx{kseogs rL; iknqds gseHkwf"krsAA II.115.14
dh ifjfLFkfr esa Hkh Jh jke vius dÙkZO; dks ugha Hkwyxas ]s fo'ks"kdj] muds çfr Hkh] Hkjr dgrs gS]a ÞJh jke vHkh Hkh jktk gSAa mUgksua s ;g jkT; esjs ikl dsoy
tks mUgsa fdlh u fdlh :i esa viuk 'k=q ekurs gksAa dSd;s h mUgsa vius iq= dk /kjksgj :i esa j[kk gSA oLrqr% jktk rks os gh gSAa eSa dsoy mUgha ds fy;s 'kklu dk;Z
çfr}U}h le>rh Fkha] ftldks ouokl fnyok dj ihNk NqMÛk;k tk;s] vkSj tSlk fd dj jgk gw¡] eSa rks dsoy U;kl/kkjh gw¡Aß
Vhdkdkj dgrs gS]a bl vk'kk ls fd ouokl esa gh mudh e`R;q gks tk;sA ^léîkloRLo;e~* dk ç;ksx lkekU; vFkZ esa ugha gqvk gS] cfYd ,d n`<Û vkSj
dkek}k rkr yksHkk}k ek=k rqH;fena Ñre~A Li"V Û;kl* ds vFkZ esa gqvk gSA vkxs os dgrs gSa] Þmudh ;s lqo.kZ foHkwf"kr
u rUeufl dÙkZO;a oÆrrO;a p ekròr~AA II.112.19 pj.k&iknqdk,¡ gh lcds ;ksx{kse dk fuokZg djus okyh gSAa ß ;s gh jktk gSAa ß

Hkjr% f'kjlk ÑRok lk™îkla iknqds rr%A gks ldrk gS] ,slk lc lksprs FksA vr,o] jktk Hkjr gh cu tk;sxa As ewyr% ;g
vczohnq%[klarIr% lo± çÑfreaMye~AA II.115.15 ifjdYiuk Fkh] fdUrq Hkjr us viuh gB ls vkSj ,d ds ckn ,d ;qfDr çLrqr
rRi'pkr~ Hkjr us eLrd >qdkdj mu pj.k&iknqdkvksa ds çfr jkT; le£ir djds ,slh laHkkouk dks fdafpr ifjo£rr dj fn;kA mUgkaus s Jh jke dks ;g Lohdkj
djds] nq%[k ls larIr gksdj eU=h] lsukifr vkSj çtk vkfn ls dgk % djus ij foo'k dj fn;k fd LiÔ 'kCnksa esa u lgh ijUrq viuh dk;Z&fuf/k ls]
N=a /kkj;r f{kçek;ZiknkfoekS erkSA ouoklh gksrs gq, Hkh] jkT; ds Lokeh Jh jke gh gS vkSj ;g fd Hkjr jke dh
vkH;ka jkT;s fLFkrks /keZ% iknqdkH;ka xqjkseeZ AA II.115.16 iknqdkvksa ds ek/;e ls 'kklu djsaxs] ftuesa ,d vlk/kkj.k] uSfrd mPprk
ßvki lc yksx bu pj.k&iknqdkvksa ds Åij N= /kkj.k djsAa eSa budks Jh lapkfjr dj nh x;h FkhA vr% ekuuk mfpr gh gksxk fd bl ôkd~;¼ q ^ ds Js; dk
jke ds lk{kkr~ pj.k ekurk gw¡A esjs xq# dh bu pj.k&iknqdkvksa ls gh bl jkT; esa c¡Vokjk cjkcj&cjkcj gqvkA rF;:i ls Jh jke thrs vkSj oSf/kd ,oa vkSipkfjd
/keZ dh LFkkiuk gksxhA bl jkT; esa /keZ dk fuokl esjs dkj.k ugha] vfirq esjs xq# n`fÔ ls Hkjr thrsA blds vfrfjDr] tSlk fd dfo dgrk gS] vkSj lc yksx Hkh
dh bu pj.k&iknqdkvksa ds çrki ls gh gksxkAÞ ekurs Fks] Hkjr dh thr blesa Hkh Fkh fd mudks Jh jke dh pj.k&iknqdkvksa ds
rRi'pkr~ mUgksua s pj.k&iknqdkvksa dk vfHk"ksd fd;kA çrki ls 'kklu djus dk vf/kdkj] lkgl] foosd&cqf¼] prq£nd lrdZrk bR;kfn
xq.k çkIr gksrs jgsA
rrLrq Hkjr% JhekufHkf"kÙ;k;ZiknqdAs
bl çdkj ^jkek;.k* dk ;g yksd foJqr çlax lekIr gksrk gSA ;g lqf'k{kk
rn/khuLrnk jkT;a dkj;kekl loZnkAA II.115.26
vkSj lnqins'k ls Hkjiwj gSA ftuds ikl le; gS] muls esjk vuqjks/k gS fd os bu
Hkjr] cMÛs HkkbZ Jh jke dh mu iknqdkvksa dks jkT; ij vfHkf"kDr djds
lqUnj 'yksdksa dks ckj&ckj i<ÛAas lkekU;r% vU; LFkyksa ij dfo vuko';d vkSj
muds] v/khu jg dj jkT; dk;Z djkrs jgsA ml le;] tks dqN dk;Z mifLFkr
lEcks/kukRed 'kCnksa dk ç;ksx O;FkZ esa vkSj cgqrk;r ls djrk gSA vlk/kkj.k
gksrk Fkk] tks Hkh cgqeYw ; HksVa vkrh Fkh] og lc igys mu iknqdkvksa dks fuosnu
lkSUn;Z] vlk/kkj.k euksgjrk vkSj vlk/kkj.k uSfrdrk ds dkO;ka'k çnku djrs gS]a
djds] Hkjr mldk ;Fkkor çcU/k djrs FksA
ftuls gekjs ân; vkSj gekjs thou ifj"Ïr gksrs gSAa fdUrq ;gk¡ rks O;Dr fopkj
;nk fg ;Rdk;Zeiq fS r fdafpnqik;ua pksiâra egkgZeA~ ladfs Uær gS] FkksMÛs ls 'kCnksa esa cgqr dqN dgk x;k gS vkSj fo"k; oLrq vR;Ur
l iknqdkH;ka çFkea fuos| pdkj i'pköjrks ;Fkkor~AA II.115.27 mRÏ"V vkSj vR;Ur mins'kkRed gSA vr% Hkk"kk Hkh vuko';d 'kCnkMEcj ls eqDr
vc gekjs fy;s bl ckr dk fu.kZ; djuk dfBu ugha gS fd Jh jke vkSj Hkjr gSA Hkk"kk vkSj fo"k;oLrq dk tks ?kfu× la;kstu gS] vçfre lkSUn;Z] vçfre xq.kksa dk
ds chp çdkaM okn&fookn esa dkSu thrkA fofp= ckr ;g Fkh] cká:i ls rks Hkjr ç;ksx] og gekjs ân; dks 'kqfprk vkSj thou dks ikourk çnku djus ds gsrq gqvk
gh gkjsA mudks vius HkkbZ dks lkFk fy;s fcuk gh v;ks/;k ykSVuk iMÛkA ijUrq nwljs gSA
vFkZ esa os fot;h gq,A dSd;s h dh dkeuk Fkh] n'kjFk dk fopkj Fkk vkSj vU; lc
yksx Hkh ,slk lksprs Fks fd Jh jke ds fuokZflr gksus ij] y{e.k vkSj lhrk dks
muds lkFk pys tkus ij] Hkjr ds fy;s ekxZ loZFkk fu"daVd gks tk;sxkA igys os
;qojkt cusxa s vkSj rRi'pkr~ jktk gks tk;sxa ]s ,d çfr'kkld ds :i esa ugha cfYd
iw.kZr;k vf/kdkfjd :i lsA eaFkjk dh vk'kk Fkh] ftldks mlus cMÛh LokehHkfDr ls
dSd;s h dks Hkh crk;k Fkk] fd bl pkSng o"kZ ds vfuok;Z vkSj v[kafMr ouokl dh
yEch vof/k esa yksx jke dks Hkwy tk;sxa As lhrk th olq/kk dh loZJ"s B lkSUn;Z dh
lk{kkr~ çfrek gS] fL=;ksa esa vR;Ur nqyHZ k jRu gSAa os Hkh fdlh O;fDr ds nqO;Zogkj
dh f'kdkj gks tk;sxa hA fQj Jh jke dks ;q¼ vo'; djuk iMÛxs k ;k dkSu tkus lhrk
ls gkFk Hkh /kksuk iMÛxs kA lhrk ds u jgus ij Jh jke dk ej.k Hkh fuf'pr gh gS]
muds lkFk y{e.k dk HkhA ,slk gksus dh laHkkouk cgqr gS& fuU;kuos çfr'kr ,slk
158 jkek;.k ds T;ksfr&LrEHk X;kjgok¡ v/;k; 159

fo'ks"kdj jktkvksa esa ge ,slh ço`fÙk esa vkSj vR;f/kd vHkhIlk rFkk deTÛkksj oxks± ij
vR;kpkj djus dh ço`fÙk esa dksbZ vf/kd vUrj ugha ekursA viuh lQÛkbZ esa Jh
jke cMÛh n`<Ûrk ls] fcuk fdlh 'krZ ds bl lkezkT;okn dk i{k çLrqr djrs gSAa
X;kjgok¡ v/;k; vr,o vkt ds ge yksxksa dks Jh jke dk ;g nkok] muds pfj= ls dqN esy [kkrk
gqvk çrhr ugha gksrkA tks yksx ,d çkphu dkO; vkSj 'krkfCn;ksa iwoZ ds ,d egku
jke 'kkld ds pfj= dk v/;;u dj jgs gS]a mUgsa eSa ;g crk nsuk vko';d le>rk gw¡
fd gesa vk/kqfud vkdka{kk dh n`f"V ls Jh jke dh vkykspuk djus dk dksbZ vf/
kdkj ugha gSA gesa ;g /;ku esa j[kuk gksxk fd lUrqf"V rks dsoy czkã.k tkfr dk gh
xq.k ekuk tkrk Fkk] {kf=;ksa esa ;g dksbZ ln~x.q k ugha le>k tkrk FkkA çk;% ;g
blds iwoZ fd eSa Jh jke pfj= dh ifjppkZ lekIr d:¡] eq>s nks jkspd fcUnqvksa vleFkZrk dk y{k.k ekuk tkrk FkkA lcds fy;s vknj vkSj çfr"Bk ;ksX; ogh
dh ppkZ djuh gSA ;s ,sls fcUnq gS]a tks u dsoy 'krkfCn;ksa ls /;ku vkd£"kr djrs {kf=; ekuk tkrk Fkk] tks vfg£u'k vius jkT; dh lhekvksa dk foLrkj djus esa
jgs gS]a oju~ fookfn;ksa ds Hkkoqdrkiw.kZ fookn dk fo"k; Hkh jgs gSAa ;s nks ?kVuk;sa dkQÛh ç;Ru'khy jgrk] tks lEiw.kZ egkns'k esa viuk çHkko vkSj vkf/kiR; c<Ûkus ds fy,
fooknkLin gSAa fookn ds i{k esa vkSj fojks/k esa nksuksa gh vksj ,sls fo}ku vkSj fo'ks"kK rRij jgrk FkkA jktk dh lÙkk ds {ks= dk foLrkj djus gsrq fo'ks"k ;Kksa dk
gS]a ftudh lksp ij dksbZ ç'ufpÊ ugha yxk;k tk ldrk vkSj u gh esjs fy, ;g vk;kstu fd;k tkrk FkkA ml le; jktkvksa ds fy;s ;g dksbZ ljkguh; ckr ugha
mfpr gksxk fd eSa fdlh çdkj dk fu.kZ; yw¡] ;g ekudj fd ;g fu£ookn gSA ekuh tkrh Fkh fd tks dqN mUgsa fojklr esa feyk gS] mls i;kZIr eku dj lUrq"V
ysfdu ^jkek;.k* ds v/;srkvkssa ds fy, ;g ykHknk;d gksxk] ;fn eSa leLr eqíksa jgsAa og jktk jkT;flagklu ds fy;s loZFkk vik= ekuk tkrk Fkk] ;fn og vius
dks ladfyr dj nw¡] tks bu leL;kvksa ds lUnHkZ esa mBk;s x;s gSAa jkT; xkSjo dks ugha c<Ûkrk Fkk vkSj vU; fotkfr;ksa dks viuh N=Nk;k esa ugha
;gk¡ eSa dsoy ckfy çlax dh ppkZ d:¡xkA nwljk çlax] tks xEHkhj fookn dk ykrk FkkA vr% ;fn Jh jke us bl fl¼kUr dk dqN lqLi"V :i ls çfriknu
fo"k; gSµ ;q¼ dkaM ds vUr esa o£.kr Jh jke dk lhrk ds çfr vkpj.k] mldks fd;k] rks ;g rdZ laxr u gksxk fd ge mudk ewY;kadu vU; ekunaMksa ds vk/kkj
fdlh nwljs volj ij yw¡xkA dnkfpr~~ ;g mfpr jgsxk fd eSa vkjEHk esa gh mu ij djsAa vr,o bl vkjksi dks Jh jke ds çfr vfHk;ksx i= ls fudky nsuk pkfg,A
ckrksa dk ladrs dj nw¡] ftudh vksj ge fo'ks"k /;ku nsxa As vkykspdksa us Jh jke ij blds vfrfjDr mUgksua s bl ckr dks Hkh cyiwod Z dgk fd ckfy dk o/k
;g vkjksi yk;k gS fd Jh jke us ckfy dk o/k ,d xqIr LFkku esa fd;kA ;g Hkh djus esa mUgksua s vius HkkbZ] Hkjr ds çfrfu/k dh gSfl;r ls dke fd;kA Hkjr
vkjksi yxk;k tkrk gS fd mudk ckfy dk o/k djuk gh ekuo /keZ ds loZFkk v;ks/;k ds jktk Fks] vr% lEiw.kZ Hkkjro"kZ muds v/khu FkkA ;fn fdf"dU/kk esa ogk¡
çfrdwy gSA la;ksx ls] de egÙo okys ç'u eq[; eqíksa ds lkFk my> x;s gSAa eSa dk 'kkld dksbZ vuqfpr vkpj.k djs] rks og Hkjr }kjk naMuh; FkkA Hkjr dh ml
igys mudk mYys[k d:¡xkA LFky ij vuqifLFkfr esa] Hkjr ds HkkbZ dk vFkok muds ifjokj ds fdlh Hkh
esjs dqN fe= vk/kqfud eukso`fÙk ls] ftldks vUrjkZ"Vªh;rk dgk tkrk gS] fj'rsnkj dk] tks fd 'kkgh ifjokj dk lnL; gksus dk nkok djrk gks] vf/kdkj Fkk
vksrçksr gSAa mudh n`f"V esa jktkvksa vkSj jktlh lÙkk/kkfj;ksa ds fy, fdlh Hkh çdkj fd og vijk/k ds vuq:i mls naM nsA ;g mlh lkezkT;oknh fl¼kUr dk foLrkj
dk lkezkT;okn ,d voxq.k gSA ge vkt ijra= yksx gSAa vr,o] gekjs fy, fdlh Fkk] ftldks Jh jke us fcuk fdl 'krZ ds çfrikfnr fd;k FkkA fdUrq fQj Hkh
Hkh vU; lÙkk }kjk fdlh Hkh çdkj dk fu;a=.k ?k`.kkLin gSA fo'ks"kdj] bu fnuksa vk/kqfud /kkj.kkvksa ds ifjçs{; esa ;g ç'u mBrk gS fd D;k Jh jke dks oLrqr% ;g
tcfd (f}rh;) fo'o egk;q¼ ds ifj.kkeLo:i ds NksVs vkSj cMÛs ns'kksa esa LorU=rk vf/kdkj Fkk fd os ckfy ds nqjkpj.k ij mls naM ns ldrs Fks\ D;k ml le; ds
dh vkdka{kk gS vkSj Lok/khurk ,oa vkRekfHkO;fDr dh vkokTÛkas mBkbZ tk jgh gSAa ,sls U;k;'kkL= ds vuqlkj ,sls O;fDr ij e`R;q naM ykxw gksrk Fkk] tks vius NksVs HkkbZ
le; esa vk'p;Z ugha fd ,d lÙkk dk ,d lEiw.kZ ns'k ij çHkqRo vFkok ,d jktk dh iRuh dks viukus dk nks"kh gks\ vkidks Hkkjr ds bfrgkl dh ,d ?kVuk dk
dk cMÛs lHkh jktkvksa ds HkwHkkx ij 'kqYd yxkus vFkok viuk vf/kdkj tekus ds Lej.k gksxk] tcfd uUndqekj dks tkyh nLrkosTÛk cukus ds fy, e`R;qnMa fn;k
çfr yksxksa esa dksbZ lgkuqHkwfr ugha gSA bls ge Lokxzg dk ,d vHkæ :i ekurs gSAa x;k FkkA mUgs]a fcuk fdlh uSfrd ladksp ds] mls naM nsus esa dksbZ f>>d ugha Fkh]
158

tcfd Hkkjrh; U;k;lafgrk ds vuqlkj tkylktÛh ds fy, e`R;qnMa dk çko/kku ugha losZ rs Rofjra xRok fdf"dU/kka okfyu% iqjhe~A
gSA eq>s [ksn ls dguk iMÛrk gS fd ckfy dks e`R;qnMa nsus esa Jh jke Hkh dqN ,slh gh o`{kSjkRekueko`R; O;fr"Bu~ xgus ousAA IV.12.14
euekuh ds nks"kh FksA bl lEcU/k esa eSa vkxs dqN vkSj dgw¡xkA ßrnuUrj] os lc yksx ckfy dh jkt/kkuh fdf"dU/kk iqjh esa x;s vkSj ogk¡
fQj ç'u ;g mBk;k tkrk gS % jke dk eq[; mís'; rks Fkk] viuh iRuh dks xgu ou ds Hkhrj o`{kksa dh vkMÛ esa vius 'kjhj dks fNik dj os [kMÛs gks x;sAÞ
iqu% çkIr djuk] rks fe= :i esa jke us ckfy dks D;ksa ugha pquk\ ckfy ds fy, ;g vc bu 'kCn% ô`{kS% ----xgus ous* dk dksbZ vkSj vFkZ ugha gks ldrkA tc
dk;Z vR;Ur lgt lqdj FkkA lkekU;r% ,slk ekuk tkrk Fkk fd ckfy ,d ckfy Jh jke ij 'kjla/kku ds le; fNis gksus dk vkjksi yxkrk gS] rks os mldk
vifjfer 'kfDr okyk okuj Fkk] tks jko.k dks igys gh thr pqdk Fkk vkSj mls mÙkj ugha nsrAs blls vkjksi dh iqf"V gks tkrh gSA os vkjksi dks udkjrs ugha] mldks
yxHkx viekfur Hkh dj pqdk FkkA ckfy dh ctk;] mlds vis{kkÏr deTÛkksj HkkbZ Lohdkj djrs gS]a cfYd mlds fy;s lQÛkbZ Hkh çLrqr djrs gSAa os dsoy ;gh dgrs
lqxhz o dks fe=rk ds fy;s D;ksa pquk x;k\ ,d vU; NksVk&lk ç'u Hkh gS] tks mBk;k gS]a ßgk¡] eSua s ,slk fd;kA ijUrq rqe dkSu gks] ml ij vkifÙk djus okys\ rqe rks
tkrk gS fd igyh gh eqBHksMÛ esa Jh jke us ckfy dks D;ksa ugha ekjk\ D;ksa mUgksua s dsoy ,d 'kk[kk e`x okuj gks] e`x;k dh oLrq gksA esjs tSls jktkvksa dks] fo'ks"kdj
mldks ml le; tkus fn;k vkSj D;ksa lqxhz o dks fQj vkdj mldks ,d eYy;q¼ jktdqy ds yksxksa dks] dk vf/kdkj gSA e`x;k] rqEgkjs f'kdkj djus dh] f'kdkjh dks
ds fy;s yydkjus ds fy, dgk\ Jh jke }kjk fn;k x;k dkj.k vi;kZIr ekuk tkrk fNius dh vFkok tky dk QSykus dh] vkSj bl çdkj ds fdlh Hkh dke djus dh]
gS rFkk ^jkek;.k^ ds Vhdkdkjksa rFkk ikBd fdlh ,slh /kkj.kkvksa ls çfrc¼ ugha ftls ^dwV^ dgrs gS]a LohÏfr nsrh gSA esjs fy;s ;g vfuok;Z ugha fd eSa ;g eku dj
gq,A ;fn dksbZ O;fDr dÔdj gks vkSj idMÛk tk;s] rks mldk lQÛk;k gh vko';d rqels ;q¼ d:¡] ;g eku dj fd rqe esjs led{k gksA ;g Hkh vko';d ugha gS fd
Fkk] rkfd og vkxs d.Vd u cusA çk';{kr% ç;kl jgk gS] [kkst fudkyus ds fy, eSa rqEgsa psrkouh nw¡ vFkok vius lkFk 'kfDrijh{k.k ds fy;s yydk:¡]Þ ;g Fkh jke
fd Jh jke us ,slk vuqfpr dk;Z D;ksa fd;k\ ,d ç'u esa Hkh mBkuk pkgw¡xk] og vc dh lQÛkbZA lPpkbZ rks ;g Fkh fd ckfy [kqyh yMÛkbZ vFkok vkeus&lkeus ds ;q¼
rd ugha mBk;k x;k gS& og gS % D;k Jh jke ds Lo;a ds vkpj.k esa vkSj muds esa ugha ekjk x;k] fdUrq eqBHksMÛ bl <ax ls Fkh] tks lkekU; ;ks¼kvksa ds fy;s Hkh
:ek ds çfr #[Ûk esa (lhrk ds }kjk) ,d:irk vkSj laxfr Fkh] tc mUgksua s ;g vR;Ur vuqfpr ;k ekuh tk;sA bl çlax ij çdk'k Mkyus ds fy;s nks egku
fopkj cuk;k fd lqxhz o dh iRuh] :ek dk mlds HkkbZ ckfy }kjk gfFk;kuk ,slk Hkk";dkjksa dh fVIif.k;ksa dks i<Ûdj lqukrk gw¡A xksfoUnjkt] ftu ls cMÛk jkeHkDr
vkR;fUrd vijk/k Fkk] ftlds fy;s e`R;qnMa mfpr FkkA vc eSa bu dbZ ç'uksa ij gksus dk dksbZ vkSj nkok ugha dj ldrk] Lo;a fcuk fdlh ladksp ç'u dgrs gSa %
fopkj djus d:¡xkA eSa ;g Hkh Li"V dj nw¡ fd fiNyh ifjppkZvksa dh Hkk¡fr çfrKkra p jkes.k rFkk okfyo/ka çrhfr çfrKkfuokZgk;
;FkklEHko eSa vius vkidks okYehfd }kjk çLrqr o`ÙkkUr rd gh lhfer j[kw¡xkA eSa Nn~euk·fi okfyo/k% Ñr% IV.16.37,38
u rks muds 'kCnksa ls vkxs tkÅ¡xk vkSj u gh fdlh vU; iqjk.k vFkok ^jkek;.k* ds Jh jke us ckfy dk o/k fd;k] ;|fi /kks[ks ls fd;k] lqxhz o ds çfr viuh
vU; çpfyr :ikUrjksa ls fdlh dh lgk;rk yw¡xkA ;g vko';d gS fd ge dsoy çfrKkfuokZg ds fy, bl çdkj ls fd;kA
mlh ij viuh n`f"V tek, j[ks]a tks dqN okYehfd us dgk gS] mlh ds 'kCnksa dks vk/
fQj] ewyikB dh fo"k;oLrq ls FkksMÛk gVrs gq,] os nwljs LFkku ij dgrs gSa %
kkj cuk;sAa mlls ckgj tkus vFkok 'kkL=ksa esa ;k 'kkL=h; O;k[;kvksa esa mBk, x,
Þ;fn jkeks okfyu% iqjrfLr"Bsrß~ vFkkZr~ ;fn Jh jke ckfy ds lEeq[k [kMÛs gksr]s
ç'uksa ds >esys esa i<Ûuk O;FkZ gSA
lEHkor% og vius çfr}U}h dh j.kdq'kyrk dks tkurs gq,] 'kj.kkxr gks tkrkA
dqN yksx ,sls Hkh gS] tks Lo;a dfo ds lqLi"V 'kCnksa dh mis{kk dj ;g nkok
,slh fLFkfr esa Jh jke ;q¼ ds fy;s vkxs ugha c<ÛrAs
djrs gSa fd ckfy ij 'kjlU/kku djrs le; Jh jke fNis gq, ugha FksA os bruk rks
ekurs gSa fd ckfy dks bldk irk ugha Fkk fd dksbZ O;fDr ml ij fu'kkuk yxk jgk rnk fofnrrnh;çHkkor;k okyh çºoks Hkosr]~
FkkA ckfy blls loZFkk vufHkK FkkA ;|fi og vufHkK Fkk] fQj Hkh mldk o/k rnk r}/kks u ;qDr%] çfrKk p O;kgU;sr] rn~}kjk
rfUe=a jko.kks·fi 'kj.ka oztrs ]~ nsodk;± p yqI;srA~
djus ds fy;s os jke dks nks"kh ekuus ds fy, rS;kj ughaA os fu'p;iwod Z dgrs gSa fd
vr% çPNéks okfyueo/khr~AA IV.18.45
;g dk;Z Jh jke us [kqys vke fd;k] dgha fNi dj ugha] rFkkfi ;g /kkj.kk
okYehfd ds Li"V ewyikB ds çfrdwy gSA ikB esa 'kCn bl çdkj gSa %

'kj.kkxr dks os rqjUr vHk;nku çnku dj nsrAs ,slh fLFkfr esa mudh dh gqbZ foçs{kek.kks ;q)Is lq% ljks"kfeneczohr~AA
çfrKk foQy gks tkrhA jko.k Hkh] tks ckfy dk ?kfu"B fe= Fkk] vkdj dg ldrk uhysu lg la;D q ra jko.ka jk{kls'oje~A
Fkk] ßeSa vkids pj.kksa esa iMÛrk gw¡] eq>s {kek dhft,AÞ ,slh voLFkk esa nsodk;Z iwjk vU;su ;q/;ekuL; u ;qDrefHk/kkoue~AA VI.59.73,74
ugha gks ikrkA vr% ;g vko';d Fkk fd 'kjlU/kku ds le; Jh jke fNis jgsAa mUgksua s mlls jks"kiwod
Z dgk] ßbl le; rqe nwljs ds lkFk ;q¼ dj jgs gks]
vc ç'u ;g gS fd D;k ,slk djuk mfpr Fkk\ D;k ;g rRdkyhu {kk=/keZ vr% vc rqe ij /kkok djuk esjs fy;s mfpr u gksxkAÞ
ds fu;eksa ds vuqdy w Fkk\ blds Li"Vhdj.k ds fy, Vhdkdkjksa dks tks dfBukbZ ;g dg dj guqeku vkxs ugha c<ÛAs os çfrjks/k Hkkouk dks eu esa /kkj.k fd,
eglwl gksrh gS] mlls ;g Li"V gks tkrk gS fd ml le; esa Hkh] bl çdkj dh jgsA mldk çR;qÙkj nsus ds fy, os jko.k ds ikl rc gh x,] tc og fcYdqy
yMÛkbZ dks e;kZnklaxr ugha ekuk tkrk FkkA dksbZ Hkh lPpk ;ks¼k vkØe.k ugha vdsyk Fkk vkSj mudh vksj iwjk&iwjk /;ku ns ldrk FkkA bl çlax esa guqeku us
djsxk] ;fn mlds çfr}U}h dks mldh mifLFkfr dk Kku u gksA eSa vkidks bl {kk=/keZ dk fl¼kUr çfrikfnr fd;k gSA tc 'k=q fdlh vU; vksj my>k gqvk gS]
fo"k; esa ,d fo'ks"k mnkgj.k ^jkek;.k* esa ls gh nsrk gw¡A vc FkksMÛh nsj ds fy;s eSa tc og lh/ks&lh/ks lkeuk djus dh fLFkfr esa ugha gS] ,slh voLFkk esa vuqfpr ykHk
pkgw¡xk fd vkidk /;ku bl egk;q¼ dh ,d vR;Ur ukVdh; ?kVuk ij tk;sAa bl ugha mBkuk pkfg,A bl çlax dk fo'ks"k mi;ksx gS] Jh jke ds vkpj.k dh leh{kk
;q¼ dh ,d ?kVuk esa nksuksa vksj ds ;ks¼k Hkkx ys jgs FksA Jh jke ml LFky ij ds fy;sA ckr dsoy ;g ugha gS fd ckfy Jh jke ls ;q¼ djus esa vl{ke Fkk] og
mifLFkr gSAa y{e.k Hkh mifLFkr gSAa guqeku] lqxhz o] uhy] vkSj vI; lc ,d vksj rks Jh jke dh ml LFkku ij mifLFkfr ls Hkh vufHkK FkkA vr% ;g ,d v'kksHkuh;
gSAa nwljh vksj] vkSjksa ds vfrfjDr Lo;a jko.k Hkh ogk¡ gSA ;q¼ vkjEHk gksus tk jgk la?k"kZ dk cgqr c<Ûk p<Ûk :i gSA
gS egku ;ks¼k vkeus&lkeus MVs gSaA jko.k vius iqjkus çfr}U}h] guqeku dks vc eSa FkksMÛh nsj ds fy, bl ij lksp&fopkj LFkfxr djrk gw¡ fd Jh jke us
igpku ysrk gS vkSj viuh gFksyh ls mldh Nkrh ij çgkj djrk gSA guqeku çgkj ,slk fd;k D;ks\a Jh jke dh bl dk;Zokgh ds ewy esa lEHkor% D;k dkj.k jgk gksxk]
ls yMÛ[kMÛk tkrs gS]a ijUrq 'kh?kz gh laHky dj viuh gFksyh ls jko.k dh Nkrh ij muds eu esa bl çdkj dk fopkj vkus dk D;k dkj.k gks ldrk Fkk] ;g le>us
çgkj djrs gSAa vc yMÛ[kMÛkus dh ckjh jko.k dh FkhA mlus dgk] ßrqe fu'p; gh ds fy;s vko';d gS fd okYehfd ds ewy ikB ds dqN lxks± dks Bhd çdkj le>k
,d cyoku O;fDr gksA rqeus ,slk çgkj fd;k fd eSa yMÛ[kMÛk x;kAÞ ;g gS] ,d tk;sA bl ikB ls FkksMÛh lgk;rk feyrh çrhr gksrh gS] fdUrq fu'p;iwod Z & eSa ,slk
mnkÙk ;ks¼k dh fof'k"Vrk] vius 'k=q ds cy vkSj dkS'ky dh ç'kalk djukA ijUrq] dgus dk lkgl ugha dj ldrkA ijUrq tSl&s tSls ge ikB ds va'kksa dks i<Ûrs gS]a
D;k vkidks Kkr gS fd guqeku us D;k mÙkj fn;k\ os dgrs gS]a ßvkids fy, esjh ;=&r= ç;qDr vyx&vyx 'kCnksa ij /;ku nsrs gS]a rks bl fo"k; ij dqN eUn
ç'kalk djuk leqfpr gS] ijUrq] esjs fy, ;g yTtktud gSA eSa yfTtr gw¡ fd ml lk çdk'k iMÛrk gSA igys rks eSa vkidk /;ku ,d fo'ks"k ckr dh vksj vkd£"kr
çgkj ds ckn Hkh vki eq>s c/kkbZ nsus ds fy, thfor gSAa Þ ;g lqudj jko.k vkx& djuk pkgw¡xk] tks bl le; rks fopkj laxr ugha gS] ijUrq vkxs pydj egRoiw.kZ
ccwyk gks x;k vkSj gFksyh ls lh/ks çgkj djus esa ctk;] mlus vius lh/ks gkFk dh gksxhA ckfy ds çfr lqxhz o dh nks f'kdk;rsa FkhA buesa ls ,d okLrfod rFkk nwljh
eqëh ls Hkjiwj 'kfDr ls guqeku us o{kLFky ij çgkj fd;kA guqeku ml çgkj dks dsoy dkYifud FkhA lqxhz o us guqeku dks crk;k Fkk vkSj rRi'pkr~ Jh jke vkSj
u >sy ldsA mudh vk¡[kksa ds lkeus va/ksjk Nk x;k vkSj mUgsa lq/k u jgh fd vkl y{e.k dks crk;k fd ckfy us vius HkkbZ ds lkFk nks vU;k; fd, FksA ,d vU;k;
ikl esa D;k gks jgk gSA guqeku dqN le; ds fy, vl{ke gks x,A rc jko.k us ;g rks ;g Fkk fd ckfy us lqxhz o dh iRuh] :ek dks gfFk;k fy;k FkkA nwljh f'kdk;r]
ns[k dj fd guqeku dqN {k.kksa ds fy, v'kDr gks x;s gS]a viuk #[Ûk uhy dh vksj ftldks mlus vU;k; (;g dqN fofp= lh ckr Fkh) ds :i esa fpf=r fd;k] fd
fd;k] tks lsuk dk usr`Ro dj jgs FksA muls ;q¼ vkjEHk fd;kA bl chp guqeku ckfy us lqxhz o dks vius jkT; ls fu"dkflr dj fn;k FkkA rF; rks ;g Fkk] og
gks'k esa vk x,A os mldk fn;k ykSVkus ds fy,] ;fn lEHko gks] C;kt lesr] ogk¡ vk jkT; ckfy dk gh FkkA mlus mls lqxzho ls dsoy okil gh fy;k Fkk D;ksafd
igq¡p]s tgk¡ jko.k [kMÛk FkkA fdUrq ;g ns[kdj fd og uhy ds lkFk ;q¼ esa lyaXu vutkus esa lqxhz o jktk cu cSBk Fkk] fdUrq lqxhz o vkSj fQj guqeku bl rF; dks
Fkk] mUgksua s ml volj dk utk;TÛk QÛk;nk mBkuk ilUn ugha fd;k vkSj jko.k ls bl :i esa çLrqr djrs gS]a tSls ,d phTÛk] tks mldh gh Fkh] voS/k :i ls mlls
dgk % Nhu yh x;h gksA guqeku th y{e.k ls dgrs gSa %

l fg jkT;kRifjHkz"V% ÑroSj'p okfyukA midkjiQya fe=eidkjks·fjy{k.ke~A
ârnkjks ous R;Drks Hkzk=ka fofuÑrks Hk`'ke~AA IV.4.27 v|So ra gfu";kfe ro Hkk;kZigkfj.ke~AA IV.8.21
ßlqxhz o jkT; ls fu"dkflr dj fn, x, gSAa ckfy ds lkFk mudh 'k=qrk gks ßmidkj gh fe=rk dk Qy gS] vidkj 'k=qrk dk y{k.k gSAÞ ,d ckj fQj
xbZ gSA mudh L=h dk Hkh vigj.k dj fy;k x;k gSA ml nq"V HkkbZ us muds lkFk os n`<Ûrkiwod
Z dgrs gS]a ßeSa rqEgkjh L=h dk vigj.k djus okys ml ckfy dk o/k
Ny dj mUgsa ?kj ls fudky fn;k gSA blfy, os vR;Ur Hk;Hkhr gksdj ou esa d:¡xk vkSj vkt ghAÞ
fuokl djrs gSAa Þ iqjkga okfyuk jke jkT;kRLoknojksfir%A
vc lqxhz o cMÛs lqfopkfjr <ax ls Jh jke ls dgrs gSa % i:"kkf.k p laJkO; fu/kwr Z ks·fLe cyh;lkAA
okfyuk fuÑrks Hkzk=k ÑroSj'p jk?koA ârk Hkk;kZ p es rsu çk.ksH;ks·fi xjh;lhAA IV.8.32,33
okfyuks es egkHkkx Hk;krZL;kHk;a dq:AA ßigys dh ckr gS fd ckfy us dVqopu lqukdj esjk frjLdkj fd;k vkSj
drqeZ gZfl dkdqRLFk Hk;a esa u Hkos|FkkA IV.5.24,25 ;qojkt in ls uhps mrkj fn;kA dsoy bruk gh ugha] esjh L=h dks Hkh] tks eq>s
ßesjs cMÛs HkkbZ ckfy us eq>s ?kj ls fudkydj esjs lkFk oSj ck¡/k fy;k gSA eSa vius çk.kksa ls vf/kd fç; Fkh] mldks Nhu fy;kAÞ
vius HkkbZ ls Hk;Hkhr gw¡A og esjs ls dgha vf/kd cyoku gSA mlus eq>s fu"dkflr ,d&nwljs LFkku ij Hkh Jh jke vius ck.kksa (cgqopu es)a ds fo"k; esa ckr
fd;k vkSj viekfur Hkh fd;kA Hk; ls ihfMÛr gq, eq> lsod dks vki vHk; nku nksgjkrs gSa %
nhft,] ftlls esjs fy;s fdlh çdkj dk Hk; u jg tk;sAÞ veks?kk% lw;l Z adk'kk eeSrs fuf'krk% 'kjk%A
dsoy bruk gh mlus dgkA ;gk¡ ckfy ds o/k dk dksbZ ladrs ugha gSA ijUrq rfLeu~ okfyfu nqoZ`Ùks fuifr";fUr osfxrk%AA
Jh jke mldks çksRlkgu nsrs gq, dgrs gSa % ;koÙka ukfHk';kfe ro Hkk;kZigkfj.ke~A
okfyua ra of/k";kfe ro Hkk;kZigkfj.ke~A IV.5.27 rkoRl thosRikikRek okyh pfj=nw"kd%AA IV.10.32-33
o/k dk fTÛkØ rks igys Jh jke Lo;a gh djrs gS]a ÞeSa rqEgkjh iRuh dk vigj.k ß;s esjs lw;Z ds leku rstLoh ck.k veks?k gS]a tks nqjkpkjh ckfy ij jks"k iwod
Z
djus okys ml ckfy dk o/k dj nw¡xkAß cjlsxa As og rqEgkjk ckfy] rqEgkjk 'k=q] ftlus rqEgsa bruk d"V fn;k gSA lnkpkj
dks dyafdr djus okyk og ikikRek dsoy tc rd gh thfor gS] tc rd esjh
veks?kk% lw;l Z adk'kk eeSrs fuf'krk% 'kjk%A IV.5.27 n`f"V ml ij ugha iMÛrhA tc esjh n`f"V ml ij iMÛ tk;sxh] og lekIr gks tk;sxkAÞ
ßesjs rw.khj esa lax`ghr gq, ;s lw;rZ Yq ; rstLoh ck.k veks?k gSAa Þ
eSa vkidk /;ku bl fcUnq ij fVdkuk pkgw¡xk fd jke dh lksp fdl çdkj
/;ku nhft,] ;gk¡ os cgqopu dk ç;ksx djrs gSAa Li"V gS] ckfy dk o/k
dh FkhA jke lksprs gSa fd rqjUr ckfy dk o/k djuk vko';d gS] vkSj og Hkh mlh
djus ds fy, mudk bjknk dbZ ck.kksa ds ç;ksx dk FkkA os ck.k loZFkk vpwd gSA
fnuA blds fy;s dksbZ vkSj lksp&fopkj vko';d ughaA blesa Hkh lUnsg ugha] os
veks?kk%] lw;lZ d
a k'kk%] fuf'krk%& os rh{.k ck.k gS]a ftudk okj [Ûkkyh ugha tkrkA
ml le; lksprs gSa fd ;q¼ vkeus&lkeus dk gksxk vkSj vusd 'kjksa dk mi;ksx Hkh
,d ckj iqu% /;ku nhft,A
gksxkA tc ge 12osa lxZ ij vkrs gS]a tgk¡ lqxhz o jke dh O;fDrxr 'kfDr ij lUnsg
re| okfyua i'; ØwjjS k'khfo"kksieS%AA djrk gS vkSj lksprk gS fd euq"; jke rqyuk esa ckfy ,d Hkhedk; nSR; gSA og Jh
'kjSÆofugra HkwekS fodh.kZfeo ioZre~A IV.5.29,30 jke ls viuh 'kfDr dk dksbZ çek.k nsus vFkok mldk çn'kZu djus dk
Jh jke dgrs gS]a ßrqe ns[kuk eSa vius fo"k/kj liks± ds leku rh[ks ck.kksa ls vuqjks/k djrk gS] ftlls og vius eu esa vk'oLr gks tk;s fd Jh jke lpeqp ,d
ckfy dks i`Foh ij fxjk nw¡xkA ;g dk;Z eSa vkt gh d:¡xkA og bUæ ds otz ls mi;ksxh ,oa dk;Zd'q ky lgk;d fe= fl¼ gksxa As vr% og muds lkeus nks ijh{kkvksa
VwV&VwV dj fxjs ioZr ds leku fn[kkbZ nsxkAÞ dk lq>ko çLrqr djrk gS] ftuesa ls ,d esa bl le; gesa dksbZ fnypLih ugha gSA
blls çrhr gksrk gS fd bl le; Jh jke ckfy ds lkFk vkeus&lkeus dh nwljk ;g Fkk] ogk¡ lkr fo'kky lkyo`{kksa dh dÛrkj FkhA ckfy ds ijkØe vkSj cy
Vôj dk gh lksp jgs Fks] vU;Fkk muds eu esa vusd ck.kksa dk /;ku D;ksa vkrk\ dk o.kZu djrs gq, lqxhz o Jh jke ls dgrk gS] ßesjk HkkbZ ckfy bruk cyoku gS fd
,d ckj iqu% jke lqxhz o ls dgrs gSa %

og buesa ls ,d&,d o`{k dks cyiwod Z fgykdj i=ghu dj ldrk gSAÞ Jh jke dks ladV esa ns[kdj] Jh jke us viuk ck.k y{; djuk pkgkA ckfy vkSj lqxhz o tc
;g dFku dqN vPNk ugha yxk fd ,slh rqPN lh ckr ls muds vius futh cy dh vkilh ;q¼ esa çrh;ekur% layXu Fks] os nksuks]a vkdkj] o.kZ] xfræqrrk vkfn brus
ijh{kk yh tk;sA bl ij mUgksua s fcuk lksps ,dne ,d ck.k fy;k vkSj mls mu leku Fks fd Jh jke dks nksuksa esa vUrj djuk dfBu gks x;k fd ckfy dkSu lk Fkk
lkr lkyo`{kksa dh vksj y{; djds NksMÛ fn;kA og ck.k lkrksa lky o`{kksa dks ,d vkSj dkSu lk lqxhz oA vr% mUgsa viuk çk.kkUrdkjh ck.k NksMÛus esa f>>d eglwl
lkFk cha/kdj vkxs tkdj i`Foh ds yksdkas dks Nsnrk gqvk iqu% vius ewy LFkku ij gqbAZ ,slk u gks fd xÛyr O;fDr ij mudk fu'kkuk yx tk;s] ftlls muds mís';
ykSV vk;kA ;g ns[kdj lqxhz o dks cMÛk foLe; gqvkA esjk vuqeku gS fd vc mls esa xgjh tksf[kesa iSnk gksAa
dqN iNrkok Hkh gqvk fd mlus ,d egku ;ks¼k dks futh 'kfDr dk çek.k nsus ds ;ékoxPNRlqxhz oa okfyua okfi jk?ko%A
fy;s dgkA og lpeqp muds pj.kksa esa iMÛdj dgrk gS] ßvki fdrus 'kfDr'kkyh rrks u Ñroku~ cqf)a eksDrqeUrdja 'kje~AA IV.12.20
gS]a eSua s rks ,slk LoIu esa Hkh ugha lkspk FkkA ;fn vki pkgsa rks leLr nsorkvksa dks Hkh D;ksfa d og 'kj çk.kkUrd Fkk] os 'kjlU/kku u dj ldsA rc lqxhz o tku
ekj ldrs gSAa vki foy{k.k gS]a eq>s vki ij xoZ gSA bl la?k"kZ ds le; eSa vki cpkus ds fy, Hkkx [kMÛk gksrk gS] vius LFkku] ½";ewd ioZr dh vksj] tgk¡ 'kh?kz gh
tSlk lgk;d l[kk ikdj eSa /kU; gks x;kA eSa cMÛk çlék gw¡AÞ nksuksa HkkbZ guqeku lfgr mlls tk feyrs gSAa lqxhz o vc /khjs ls Jh jke dks mykguk
;su lIr egklkyk fxfjHkZfw e'p nkfjrk%A nsrk gS] ßesjs fe= j?kquUnu! ;fn vki igys ls eq>s crk nsrs fd vki ckfy dks ugha
ck.ksud S u
s dkdqRLFk LFkkrk rs dks j.kkxzr%AA IV.12.9 ekjsxa ]s rks eSa dnkfi ckfy dks la?k"kZ ds fy;s pqukSrh u nsrkA TÛkjk nsf[k, rks mlus
ßftUgksua s lkr cMÛs cMÛs lkyo`{k] ioZr vkSj i`Foh dks dsoy ,d gh ck.k ls esjh D;k n'kk cuk nh gSA eq>s Lo;a ij yTtk vk jgh gSA D;ksa vkius igys ugha
fonh.kZ dj Mkyk] mUgha] vkids le{k ;q¼ esa dkSu Bgj ldrk gS\Þ crk;k fd vki ckfy dks ekjus ds bPNqd ugha gS\a Þ rc Jh jke lQÛkbZ esa dgrs gS]a
,d gh ck.k dk fopkj vc lkeus vkrk gS] tcfd mudk ikjLifjd ßeSa HkzkfUr esa iMÛ x;k FkkAÞ
okrkZyki py jgk FkkA eSa pkgrk gw¡ fd vki bu NksV&s NksVs fcUnqvksa dks idMÛAas ;s rrks·ga #ilkn`';kUeksfgrks okujksÙkeA
NksVh&NksVh ckrsa ugha gS D;ksfa d ge Jh jke dh eukso`fÙk dks le>us ds fy;s my>u uksRl`tkfe egkosxa 'kj 'k=qfucgZ.ke~AA IV.12.32
esa gSAa ge ;ksga h mu ij lc çdkj dh dqfRlr ço`fÙk;ksa dk vkjksi ugha yxk ldrsA ßrqe nksuksa ds :i dh bruh lekurk ns[kdj eSa eksg esa iMÛ x;k] rqEgsa
vr,o] Lej.k j[ksa fd igyh ckj vc dsoy ,d fopkj lkeus vkrk gSµ ;g igpku u ldkA blfy, eSua s viuk egku osx'kkyh 'k=qlga kjd ck.k ugha NksMÛkA
fopkj fd dsoy ,dek= ck.k }kjk D;k dqN fd;k tk;s] mlds }kjk fdruh 'kfDr ml Hk;adj ck.k ls tks esjs gkFk esa Fkk] eSa rqe nksuksa esa ls ,d dks lekIr dj ldrk
dk mi;ksx gks ldrk gS] ;fn og ck.k Jh jke }kjk Bhd <ax ls y{; djds NksMÛk FkkA ijUrq] ;fn og rqEgkjs yx tkrk] rks fQj esjk D;k gksrk\ y{e.k vkSj lhrk
tk ldrk gS % dk D;k gksrk\ TÛkjk bl ij fopkj djksA ;fn rqEgkjk]tks ije fe= gks] o/k gks
re|So fç;kFk± es oSfj.ka Hkzkr`#fi.ke~A tkrk] rks bldk vFkZ gksrk fd eSua s vius lEiw.kZ thou vkSj thou ds ewy mís';
okfyua tfg dkdqRLFk e;k c)ks·;e´tfy%AA IV.12.11 dk gh fouk'k dj fn;k gksrkAÞ
ßvki rks egÙke vkSj cfy"B ;ks¼k gS]a ftlds ln`'k eSua s nwljk ugha ns[kkA eSa thforkUrdja ?kksja lkn`';kÙkq fo'kf³~dr%A
vkils J¼kiwod Z çkFkZuk djrk gw¡ fd vki vkt gh ckfy dk] tks HkkbZ ds :i esa esjk ewy?kkrks u ukS L;kf) };ksjfi Ñrs e;kAA IV.12.33
'k=q gS] o/k dj Mkfy;sAÞ ßesjk og Hk;adj ck.k 'k=q ds çk.k ysus okyk FkkA rqe nksuksa dh lekurk ls eSa
rRi'pkr~ os fdf"dU/kk x;s vkSj tSlk vki tkurs gh gS]a lqxhz o ckfy dks lUnsg esa iMÛ x;k vkSj bl ck.k dks ugha NksMÛkA lkspk] dgha ,slk u gks fd ge nksuksa
,dkdh ;q¼ ds fy;s pqukSrh nsrk gSA Jh jke] y{e.k vkSj guqeku ,d xgu dqt a ds ds ewy mís'; dk gh fouk'k u gks tk;sA ;g fopkj esjs eu esa Fkk] blhfy, eSua s
Hkhrj o`{kksa dh vkMÛ esa vius dks fNikdj [kMÛs gks x,A nksuksa Hkkb;ksa esa okyh vf/kd ckfy o/k dk fopkj NksMÛ fn;kA vc ,slk djks fd viuh igpku ds fy, rqe dksbZ
'kfDr'kkyh gksus ds dkj.k lqxhz o dk dpwej fudky nsrk gSA lqxhz o eqMÛdj ns[krk fpÊ /kkj.k dj yks] ftlls rqe vius HkkbZ ls vyx igpkus tk ldksA rRi'pkr~
gS] tgk¡ jke fn[kkbZ ns ldrs FksA blh chp] dfo dgrk gS] vius fe= dks ?kksj iqu% ckfy dks tkdj ;q¼ ds fy, yydkjksA eSa viuk opu iwjk d:¡xkAÞ

rLek|q/;Lo Hkw;LRoa ek ek 'k³~dh'p okujA IV.12.36 FkhA og iwNrh gS] ÞD;k vki tkurs gSa fd vki fdlls ;q¼ djus tk jgs gS\a lqxhz o
ßesjs çfr vc dksbZ 'kadk u djukAÞ ls ugha] og rks dsoy fn[kkus ds fy;s vkxs j[kk tk jgk gSA okLrfod la?k"kZ rks Jh
vfLeu~ eqgwrsZ lqxzho i'; ofyuekgosA jke ls djuk iMÛxs kA
fujLrfe"kq.kSdu s os"Vekua eghrysAA IV.12.37 jke% ijcykenhZ ;qxkUrkfXufjoksfRFkr%A
ß;fn rqe vHkh tkdj ckfy dks ckgj cqykdj ;q¼ ds fy;s pqukSrh nksx]s rks fuoklo`{k% lk/kwukekiékuka ijk xfr%AA
rqe blh eqgrw Z esa ckfy dks esjs ,d gh ck.k dk fu'kkuk cukdj /kjrh ij yksVrk vrkZuka laJ;'pSo ;'kl'pSdHkktue~A
ns[kksx]s Þ ;g Fkk mudk oknkA KkufoKkulaiéks funs'ks fujr% firq%AA
losZ rs Rofjra xRok fdf"dU/kka okfyikfyrke~A /kkrqukfeo 'kSyUs æks xq.kkukekdjks egku~A
o`{kSjkRekueko`R; O;fr"Bu~ xgus ousAA IV.14.1 rR{keks fojks/kLrs lg rsu egkReukAA IV.15. 19-21
dfo fQj ogh ckr nksgjkrk gSA os lc yksx 'kh?kzrkiwoZd ckfy dh ßJh jke 'k=qlus k dk lagkj djusokys rFkk çy;dky esa çTTofyr vfXu ds
fdf"dU/kkiqjh esa igq¡pdj ,d xgu dqt a esa o`{kksa dh vksV esa vius vkidks fNikdj leku rstLoh gSAa os lk/kq iq#"kksa ds vkJ;nkrk dYio`{k gS vkSj ladV esa iMÛs gq,
[kMÛs gks x,A jke ,d ckj fQj lqxhz o dks vk'oklu nsrs gSa % çkf.k;ksa ds fy;s lcls cMÛk lgkjk gSA os vkrZi#q "kksa ds vkJ;] ;'k ds ,dek=
v| okfyleqRFka rs Hk;a oSja p okujAA Hktu] KkufoKku ls lEiék rFkk firk dh vkKk esa fLFkr jgus okys gSaA tSls
,dksukga çeks{;kfe ck.keks{ks.k la;x q As IV.10-11 fxfjjkt fgeky; ukuk /kkrqvksa dh [kku gS] mlh çdkj Jh jke mÙke xq.kksa ds cgqr
ßeSa vkt gh rqEgkjs HkkbZ ds Hk; ls eqfDr fnykÅ¡xk] ,d ck.k }kjk& dsoy cMÛs HkaMkj gSAa vr% mu egkRek jke ds lkFk vkidk fojks/k djuk dnkfi mfpr ugha
,d ck.k }kjkAÞ gSAÞ
ßvki tkdj muls ;q¼ ugha djsxa As bu Jh jke ls 'k=qrk er BkuksA muesa
nsf[k,] fdl çdkj vkeus&lkeus ;q¼ vkSj vusd ck.kksa dh vko';drk dk
;g gS] og Hkh gS vkSj Hkh cgqr dqN gSAÞ eSua s bu 'yksdksa dks dsoy ;g fn[kkus ds
fopkj Jh jke ds eu ls nwj gks x;kA mUgksua s ckjEckj lqxhz o dks ;gh vk'oklu
fy;s fn;k gS fd rkjk tSlk O;fDr us Hkh] ftlus Jh jke dks u ns[kk Fkk] u vkt
fn;k Fkk fd os dsoy ,d ck.k }kjk ckfy dks ns[krs gh lekIr dj nsxa As ,slk çrhr
ls igys muds fo"k; esa dHkh lquk Fkk] Jh jke dks fdl çdk'k esa ns[kkA vr,o og
gksrk gS fd ,d ck.k dk fopkj mudh /kkj.kk cu x;kA ckjackj ckfy o/k ds fy,
vius ifr dks vius HkkbZ ls le>kSrk djus dk ijke'kZ nsrh gSA Þlqxhz o dks naM er
,d ls vf/kd ck.k dk ç;ksx ugha djuk gSA tc ge bl dkO; esa vkxs c<Ûrs gS]a
nks] le>kSrk dj yksAÞ fQj dgrh gS] ßmls ;qojkt fu;qDr dj nksAÞ ,slk yxrk
dfo bl rF; dks O;Dr djrk gS fd ckfy o/k dsoy ,d ck.k }kjk fd;k x;k] tks
gS] og ;qojkt Hkh ugha Fkk] og ckfy dks ,d ijke'kZ ughs nsrh] ml ij eSa
Jh jke ds lkeF;Z dk egku çek.k gSA bl çlax esa gekjs fopkj pkgs dqN Hkh gks]a
/;ku fnykuk pkgw¡xkA vuqifLFkfr esa Lo;a jktk Hkh jg pqdk FkkA og igyh ckj gh
gesa ;g ekuus dk vf/kdkj ugha fd ;g ?kVuk vlko/kkuh ds dkj.k ;k vdLekr
,slk dgrh gS] Þrqe mls ;qojkt cuk nksAß ysfdu ,d ckr gS] ftlds fy, og
?kVhA ;g lc dqN lksp fopkj dj gh fd;k x;k FkkA Jh jke ,slk dksbZ dke ugha
ijke'kZ vkidks Lej.k gksxk& tc jko.k foHkh"k.k] dqEHkd.kZ bR;kfn ls ijke'kZ ysrk
djrs] ;fn og e;kZnk ds fopkj ls vlaxr gksrkA vc TÛkjk vkSj vkxs c<ÛAas vki
gS] os lc ,d er ls lhrk dks mlds vius ifr jke dks ykSVkus dk ijke'kZ nsrs gSAa
tkurs gh gksxa s fd ckfy ds nwljh pqukSrh Lohdkj djus ls iwoZ mldh iRuh rkjk
rkjk Hkh] tks dnkfpr~~ dg ldrh Fkh] dqN feyrh tqyrh ifjfLFkfr esa gh lykg ns
mldks jksdus dk ç;kl djrh gSA rkjk ml ij viuh iwjh okd~iVqrk dk ç;ksx
jgh Fkh] ßlqxzho dks :ek ykSVk nks] D;ksafd lqxzho dh cMÛh f'kdk;r ;gh gSA
djrh gSA vius gh iq= vaxn }kjk] tks xqIrpjksa ds lEidZ esa Fkk] mls lwpuk feyh
jkT;kf/kdkj Nhuuk mldh ukjkTÛkxh dk dkj.k gS] ijUrq :ek dh ckr Hkh ijs'kkuh
Fkh fd lqxhz o us nwljh ckj vkus dk lkgl blfy, fd;k D;ksfa d mlus fdlh vkSj
dk ,d cMÛk dkj.k gSA ;fn vki lqxhz o ls fojks/k feVkuk pkgrs gS]a rks u dsoy vki
vçfrjks/; O;fDr dh lgk;rk çkIr dj yh gSA mlus ;g lc dqN lquk vkSj vaxn
mldk ;qojkt in ij vfHk"ksd dj ns]a çR;qr mldh iRuh dks Hkh mls ykSVk nsAa Þ ;g
us Jh jke ds fo"k; esa lc dqN mls crk fn;k gSA ;g ns[k fd og vklkuh ls jksds
nwljh ckr Hkkb;ksa ds >xMÛs ds dkj.kksa esa ls ,d FkhA rkjk] tks bruh le>nkj vkSj
tkus ds fy;s rS;kj ugha Fkk] og mls lc tkudkjh ns nsrh gS] tks fd mlds ikl
lko/kku Fkh] mlus ,slh lykg D;ksa ugha nh\ eSa Lo;a dqN le> ugha ik jgk gw¡A

bl la?k"kZ esa Hkh lqxhz o 'kh?kz gh fiNMÛus yxkA ;g ns[kdj fd og grkgr gks dj jgk gS] nwljh vksj cspkjs jke i`Foh ij iSny gSAa blfy, mfpr gksxk fd rqe
x;k] jke us rR{k.k ,d gh ck.k ls ckfy dks ekj fn;kA viuk jFk ;q¼ ds fy;s ns nksAÞ bUæ us ,slk gh fd;kA bUæ dk lkjFkh] ekrfy Lo;a
rrks /kuqf"k la/kk; 'kjek'khfo"kksiee~A jFk ysdj vk;k vkSj lkjFkh Hkh cukA jke dks dsoy jFk gh ugha] çR;qr u;s fljs ls
iwj;kekl rPpkia dkypØfeokUrd%AA ,d dop] ,d /kuq"k vkSj u;s ck.k Hkh miyC/k djk;s x,A fQj Hkh] tSlk fd vki
rrLrsu egkrstk oh;ksfZ RlDr% dih'oj%A dks fofnr gS] la?k"kZ cjkcjh ij Fkk vkSj ;g Hkh fuf'pr ugha Fkk fd fot; jke dh
osxu s kfHkgrks okyh fuiikr eghrysAA IV.16.33.36 gh gksxhA ,d ckj iqu% eg£"k;ksa us vxLR; eqfu dks Jh jke dh lgk;rkFkZ tkus ds
fy, çsfjr fd;kA mUgksua s vkdj Jh jke ds dku esa ^vkfnR;ân;* Lrks= ds ikB dk
mUgksua s vius /kuq"kij fo"k/kj liZ ds leku Hk;adj ck.k j[kk vkSj mls TÛkksj
mins'k fn;kA ;g Lrks= mudks fl[kkuk vko';d FkkA vfUre {k.k rd fLFkfr
ls [khapk] ekuks ;ejkt us dkypØ mBk fy;k gksA ml ck.k ls osxiwod Z vkgr gksus
vfuf'pr cuh gqbZ FkhA ,d ckj iqu% ekrfy us muls dgk] ßeSa vkils dqN vf/kd
ds dkj.k egkrstLoh ijkØeh okujjkt] ckfy rRdky Hkwfe ij fxj iMÛkA bl
ugha dguk pkgrk] fdUrq esjh ckr ekfu,] vc le; vk x;k gS] vkR;fUrd
çdkj ckfy dk vUr gqvkA eSua s ;g fn[kkus dk ç;kl fd;k gS fd ,d gh ck.k }kjk
'kfDr'kkyh 'kL= ds ç;ksx djus dk ladksp u djs]a czãkL= dk mi;ksx djsAa Þ
ckfy dks o/k djus ds fopkj dks dqN vlk/kkj.k fn;k x;k FkkA vlk/kkj.k egÙo
mldk mlh fnu o/k djus dks Hkh fn;k x;kA 'kCn ^v|So* (vkt gh) dbZ ckj vkius ns[kk fdl çdkj jko.k ds fo#¼ la?k"kZ esa Hkh vusd ckj jke dh
nksgjk;k x;k gSA lqxhz o v/khj gks jgk Fkk vkSj mlds eu esa vusd vk'kadk;sa mB jgh lEiw.kZ 'kfDr dh ijh{kk pje lhek ij igq¡p dj peRdkjh lgk;rk xzg.k djus dh
Fkh fd u tkus D;k gksus tk jgk gS vkSj igyh ckj tc jke us fu'kkuk ugha yxk;k] vko';drk iMÛ xbZA ckfy jko.k ls dgha vf/kd cyoku FkkA bldk ifjp; mÙkj
rks mls ?kksj fujk'kk gqbAZ fdUrq jke ds xEHkhjrk iwod Z fo'okl fnykus ls og dqN dkaM ds ,d çlax ls feyrk gSA ogk¡ bl çdkj dk o.kZu gS fd i`Foh ij fopj.k
vk'oLr gksdj ykSVk] ij esjs fopkj es]a mlds eu esa FkksMÛh lh 'kadk vc Hkh FkhA djrs gq, tc ,d ckj jko.k fdf"dU/kkiqjh esa tkdj ckfy dks ;q¼ ds fy;s
vr,o] jke ds fy;s ml dke dks 'kh?kzkfr'kh?kz iw.kZ djuk vko';d gks x;k FkkA yydkjus yxk] mlus ckfy dks nf{k.k lkxj esa iwtk lU/;k djrk ik;kA tSls gh
fLFkfr ,slh ugha Fkh fd jke dks ok.kh ds vUr esa LFkfxr dj ldrs vFkok la?k"kZ dks ckfy dks yxk fd dksbZ O;fDr mlds ihNs vkdj [kMÛk gS] ijUrq fdlh eS=hiw.kZ Hkko
[khap dj c<ÛkrsA vU;Fkk lqxhz o dk eu fujk'kk] [kht vkSj 'kadk ls Hkj tkrkA ls ugha] mlus ekuks us=i`"B ls ml ij uTÛkj j[kh vkSj tSls gh og ikiiw.kZ bjkns ls
laHkor% ;gh lgh fn'kk gS] ftles]a eq>s yxrk gS] gesa Jh jke dk ,slk djus dk mlds dkQÛh fudV igq¡pk] ckfy us mls idMÛdj viuh dk¡[k esa ncksp fy;kA
dkj.k [kkstuk pkfg,A le; dh bruh nwjh ij eSa fdlh ckr dks cgqr fu'p; ls rRi'pkr~ jko.k dks dk¡[k eaas nck;s gq, lc leqæksa ij ys x;kA vUr esa mls Hkwfeij
ugha dg ldrkA eq>s yxrk gS] ;fn ge mijksDr ckrksa dks /;ku esa j[ks]a rks dqN iVd fn;k] iw.kZr;k ,d HkXuniZ vkSj ijkHkwr O;fDr dh Hkk¡frA bl vn~Hkqr ijkØe
FkksMÛk&cgqr çdk'k bl lUnHkZ esa çkIr gks ldrk gSA dks ns[kdj jko.k us ckfy ds cy dh ç'kalk dhA
;g ckfy vkf[Ûkj Fkk dkSu\ vkb;s] FkksMÛk bl ij fopkj dj ysAa eSa {k.k Hkj vgks cyegks oh;Zegks xkEHkh;Zeos a pA
ds fy;s ;g ugha ekurk fd jke vkRela'k;h FksA ckfy vkSj jke ds cy vkSj ijkØe ;sukga i'kqon~xá ` Hkzkfer'prqjks·.kZoku~AA
dh ikjLifjd rqyuk ds lUnHkZ esa ,d {k.k ds fy;s Hkh ladrs nsuk ugha pkgrk fd =;k.kkeso Hkw;kuka xfrjs"kk Iyo³~xeA
Jh jke ckfy ls lh/kh VDdj ysus ls Mjrs FksA ,slk lq>ko nsuk dnkfi esjk vfHkçk; euks·fuylqi.kkZuka ro pk=u la'k;%AA VII.34.37,39
ughaA ijUrq /;ku nsus dh ckr gS] tSlk fd gesa vkxs pydj irk yxrk gS] fd jke ßvki esa vn~Hkqr cy gS] vn~Hkqr ijkØe gS vkSj vk'p;Ztud xEHkhjrk Hkh
jko.k dks Hkh cgqr vklkuh ls ugha ekj lds FksA ,slk çrhr gksrk gS fd la?k"kZ ds gSAa vkius eq>s ,d i'kq ds leku idMÛdj pkjksa leqæksa ij ?kqek fn;kA vHkh rd eSua s
vfUre pj.k esa nksuksa i{kksa esa bruh vf/kd cjkcjh Fkh fd ifj.kke loZFkk vfuf'pr ,slh xfr eu] ok;q vkSj x#MÛ& bu rhu Hkwrksa dh gh lquh FkhA vc bl lwph esa
FkkA nsork vkSj eg£"kx.k Hkh vkdj bl la?k"kZ dks cMÛs /;ku ls ns[k jgs FksA lc cMÛs tksMÛus ds fy;s pkSFkk Hkh fey x;k] vkSj og fuLlUnsg vki gSAa Þ
fpfUrr Fks fd D;k dqN gksus tk jgk gSA mUgsa bUæ ls dguk iMÛk] ßns[k jgs gS]a vki blds i'pkr~ guqeku dks Hkh bl lwph esa LFkku nsuk gksxkA vkxs jko.k dgrk
nksuksa ds e/; vleku ;q¼ dks\ ,d vksj rks jko.k vius jFk esa vk:<Û gksdj ;q¼ gS %

Ro;k lg fpja l[;a lqfLuX/ka ikodkxzr%AA fu<ky çk;% gks tkrk] rc gh vUrr% ;q¼ dk QÛl S yk gksrk FkkA lh/ks ;q¼ dk Hkh
nkjk% iq=k% iqja jk"Vªa HkksxPNknuHkkstue~A VII.34.40,41 ,slk ifj.kke gksrkA ge ,d {k.k Hkh ;g 'kadk u djsa fd vUrr% Jh jke gh fot;h
ßvkb;s] vc eSa vfXu dks lk{kh cukdj vkids lkFk lnk ds fy;s Lusgiw.kZ gksr]s ijUrq lkFk&lkFk ;g Hkh Li"V gS fd Jh jke dks nksuksa vksj ls bl lqlpa kfyr
eS=h dj ysuk pkgrk gw¡A L=h] iq=] uxj] jkT;] oL= vkSj Hkkstu bu lHkh oLrqvksa la?k"kZ esa cgqr fnuksa rd tw>rs jguk iMÛrkA rc rd lqxhz o dk /kS;Z iw.kZr;k VwV
ij ge nksuksa ds lk>s dk vf/kdkj gksxkA O;ogkfjd :i ls ge iw.kZr;k ,d gks tkrkA
tk;sAa Þ ;gk¡ /;ku nsus dh fo'ks"k ckr ;g gS fd mlus ^nkjk%iq=k^ dks Hkh lfEefyr gekjs Vhdkdkj] ewyikB ls dqN vkxs tkdj] vusd dFkk;sa Hkh tksMÛrs gSAa eSa
fd;kA blls irk pyrk gS fd ml le; iRuh Hkh lEifÙk dh dsoy ,d egÙoiw.kZ ugha tkurk] esjs fy;s D;k mudk mYys[k djuk mfpr gksxk] fdUrq ,d bu esa ls
oLrq le>h tkrh FkhA bl volj ij jko.k ckfy ds ?kj ,d ekl rd bl çdkj dqN egÙoiw.kZ gS] ftldk mYys[k eSa vko';d le>rk gw¡ D;ksafd mlds fy;s
jgk] tSls og nwljk lqxhz o gksA ewyikB esa Hkh dqN vk/kkj gSA bUæ us ckfy dks ,d Lo.kZekyk nh Fkh] ftldks mls
l r= ekleqf"kr% lqxhz o bo jko.k%A VII.34.44 lnSo /kkj.k djuk Fkk] fo'ks"kdj ml le; tc og 'k=q dk lkeuk djus ;q¼ esa
ckfy us jko.k ds çfr NksVs HkkbZ tSlk O;ogkj fd;k] mldks Hkjiwj nqykj tk;sA ,slk fo'okl Fkk] ml ekyk esa dqN peRdkfjd 'kfDr Fkh] ftlds çHkko ls
fn;k vkSj vPNh çdkj ns[kHkky dhA ckfy dh 'kfDr esa o`f¼ gksdj mldh fot; fuf'pr gks tk;sxhA blds vfrfjDr
vc vki ds fopkj ls jke ds Åij D;k chrrh] ;fn os ckfy ds lkFk D;k mlesa dksbZ vkSj Hkh xq.k Fkk] ftldk mYys[k dfo us ugha fd;kA ijUrq fdlh
vkeus&lkeus dk la?k"kZ pqu ysrAs eSa ,slk ugha dgrk fd mudh ijkt; gksrhA vU; LFkku esa mldk o.kZu çkIr gS vkSj Vhdkdkj xksfoUnjkt bldh ppkZ djrs
dFkkfi ugha] esjk ;g fcUnq ugha gSA ijUrq Lej.k jgs] jke&jko.k ;q¼ dfo ds o.kZu gSa %
ds vuqlkj lkr fnu rd pyrk jgkA bl iwjh vof/k esa dksbZ f'kfFkyrk ugha vkbZ] ,rRdk´puekyk/kkj.kdkys ;% iqjks ;q)k;kxPNfrA
u gh rhozrk esa dksbZ vUrj vk;kA ,d {k.k ds fy;s Hkh nksuksa çfr}fU};ksa esa ls dksbZ rL; cya lo± roSo Hkfo";rhfr egsUæs.k nÙkkfeR;FkZ%AA IV.11.39
Hkh viuh lko/kkuh esa ugha pwdk] u gh vius vf/kdre cy ç;ksx esAa ßbl ekyk dks /kkj.k djus ls rqEgkjs 'k=q dk iwjk cy rqEgsa çkIr gks tk;sxk]
nsonkuo;{kk.kka fi'kkpksjxj{klke~A ;fn og ;q¼ ds fy;s vkeus&lkeus vk;sAÞ
i';rka rUeg|q)a loZjk=eorZrAA VI.110.37 eSa ugha tkurk bl dFkk esa fdruk lR; gS] u gh ;g fd D;k mldh
nsoks]a nkuoks]a ;{kks]a fi'kkpks]a ukxksa vkSj jk{klksa ds ns[krs&ns[krs ;g egku tkudkjh Jh jke dks FkhA fdUrq Vhdk esa dgk x;k gS fd dnkfpr~~ vU; dkj.kksa ds
laxkz e lkjh jkr pyrk jgkA lkFk ,d ;g Hkh ,d Fkk] ftlls bl yMÛkbZ esa lqLi"V Ny&diV djuk vko';d
uSo jk=a u fnola u eqgwr± u p {k.ke~A gks x;k FkkA
jkejko.k;ks;) Zq a fojkeeqixPNfrAA VI.110.38 ,d ç'u ;g Hkh mBk;k x;k gS] tSlk fd eSa igys Hkh dg pqdk gw¡] Jh jke us
Jh jke vkSj jko.k dk ;q¼ u jkr esa cUn gksrk] u gh fnu esAa nks ?kMÛh vFkok ikjLifjd le>kSrk ckfy ds lkFk djus ds ctk;] de 'kfDr'kkyh HkkbZ lqxhz o ls
,d {k.k Hkh mldk fojke ugha gqvkA djuk D;ksa ilUn fd;k\ rF; rks ;g gS fd dca/k ls feyus ds igys vkSj mldks
;fn ckn esa gq, jke&jko.k ;q¼ dh ;g fLFkfr jgh Fkh] rks ckfy ds lkFk Hkh fBdkus yxkus ds iwoZ Jh jke lqxhz o ds fo"k; esa dqN ugha tkurs FksA ;g dca/k gh
laxkz e de ls de vkB fnu rd rks pyrk gh jgrkA ,slh fLFkfr esa lqxhz o dk /kS;Z Fkk] ftlus loZçFke mUgsa ;g lwpuk nh Fkh fd ;fn os ½";ewd tkdj lqxhz o ls
lekIr gks tkrkA og Hk; ls vkØkUr gks tkrkA ckfy dks ^mlh fnu* lekIr djus feys]a rks og vo'; gh lgk;rk djsxkA dca/k us ;g Hkh crk;k] ßdksbZ Hkh O;fDr
dk Jh jke dk oknk Hkh iwjk ugha gksrkA vki ;g Hkh lef>;s] mu fnuksa ds ;q¼ksa dh ,slk ugha gS] tks bl i`Foh dks] mlds Hkwxksy dks] mldh LFkykÏfr vkfn dks bruh
'kSyh esa 'k=q dk o/k rqjUr ugha gksrk FkkA igyk ck.k rks dHkh Hkh lQy ugha gksrk Hkyh Hkk¡fr tkurk gks] ftruk fd lqxhz oA mldks bl jko.k ds lEcU/k esa Hkh lc
FkkA ,d ck.k] nwljs ck.k }kjk jksd fn;k tkrk FkkA fQj nwljh ckj] rhljh ckj] dqN ekywe gS] vki mlh ls iwNrkN djsAa Þ mlus vkxs ;g Hkh dgk] ßlqxhz o ,d
pkSFkh ckj ç;kl fd;k tkrk FkkA tc 'k=q Fkd dj pwj&pwj gks] vkSj nwljk i{k Hkh lh/kk&ljy O;fDr gSA vkids leku gh og Hkh eqlhcr dk ekjk gSA og Hkh viuh

iRuh dks [kks cSBk gSA vr,o] og vo'; gh vkids çfr lgkuqHkwfr çdV djsxkA ;g egku Vhdkdkj bl çdkj dgrs gSa % ml le; jke ds eu esa dqN vkSj
vkidks mldh lgk;rk dh vko';drk gS] vkSj mldks vkidhA vki nksuksa ,d&nwljs Hkh fopkj fo|eku Fks] fdUrq ge Bhd&Bhd ugha tkurs os D;k FksA u gh ge bldk
ds ijLij lgk;d fe= mi;qDr gSAa vki tkdj rqjUr mlds lkFk ,d vuqcU/k fu:i.k dj ldrs gSAa ;g rks dsoy viuh lQÛkbZ ds fy, cgkuk ek= Fkk fd os
dj ysaAÞ blhfy;s Jh jke lqxzho dh [kkst esa vk;sA leku ifjfLFkfr;ksa okys nksuksa Hkkb;ksa ds chp vUrj u dj ldsA ;g ljklj >wBk cgkuk Fkk] ,slk nksuksa gh
O;fDr;ksa ds e/; ,d lw{e ijLij lgkuqHkwfr dk çseca/k iSnk gks tkrk gSA bl Vhdkdkjksa dk er gS vkSj ;g vk'p;Ztud gSA ;g dg ikuk] fd Jh jke mu nksuksa
okLrfodrk us fd mUgksua s Hkh viuh iRuh dks [kks fn;k gS] Jh jke dks lqxhz o dk fç; Hkkb;ksa ds chp Hksn ugha dj lds] fuLlUnsg dfBu gS] tcfd muesa ,d] nwljs ls
cuk fn;kA Jh jke us Hkh lkspk ;g mi;qDr O;fDr gS] tks esjh foifÙk dks le> bruk vf/kd cy'kkyh Fkk fd og mls lnk gjk nsrk FkkA fdUrq eSa ,d lq>ko nsuk
ldsxkA vr,o] ,d us nwljs dks lgk;rk dk vk'oklu fn;kA pkgw¡xkA lEHkor% esjs fy, ,slk djuk ,d /k`"Vrk gks] fdUrq eSa ekurk gw¡] dfo ds
vr% mlds fy;s Jh jke ds çfr lgkuqHkwfr çn£'kr djus dh dksbZ vko';drk 'kCnksa esa bldk leFkZu feyrk gSA tc nksuksa Hkkb;ksa dh ikjLifjd eqBHksMÛ vkjEHk gks
ugha FkhA eSa ugha ekurk fd tks ç'u ckfy us vius iru ds i'pkr~ iwNk Fkk] jke ls] jgh Fkh] jke us vfUre fu'p; ugha fy;k Fkk fd os vkeus&lkeus ;q¼ djsxa s vFkok
og dksbZ okLrfod ç'u FkkA iwNrk gS] ßvkius bl fo"k; esa esjs ls vkosnu D;ksa ugha xqIr LFkku ls vkØe.kA dnkfpr~~ vfUre {k.kksa esa muds eu esa ,slk ladksp gqvk gks]
fd;k\ eSa jko.k dks vkidh iRuh dks ysdj ;gha vkus dks dg nsrkA og rks Lo;a gh ßD;k eSa ;g xÛyr dke d:¡] ;g dk;jrk iw.kZ dk;Z\Þ dnkfpr~~ mUgsa dqN bl
;gk¡ nkSMÛk vkrkAÞ ckfy vkSj jko.k esa ?kfu"V eS=h Fkh vkSj vusd çdkj dh çdkj dk ladksp gqvk gks] fdUrq Lej.k djds fd ckfy dks rqjUr ekjus dk opu
lk>snkjh dk oknk FkkA fQj Hkh ;g vR;Ur lUnsgkLin gS fd ml le; ckfy ,slk Hkh fn;k gqvk gS] mUgksua s 'kh?kz lkr&vkB fnu dh yEch yMÛkbZ djds lc dqN
dqN djrkA vc tc lc dqN lekIr gks x;k Fkk] rks mlds fy;s ,slk dguk vfuf'prrk esa Mkyuk ugha pkgrs FksA ,d çfl¼ 'yksd gS] ftldk Jh jke ds eu
vklku FkkA dh xgjkbZ ij[kus esa dqN egÙo gSA vkidks /;ku gksxk] Lo;a Jh jke dk vius
tc og igyh ckj lkeus Fkk\ eSa Jh jke dh dfBukbZ ds fo"k; esa crk pqdk vuqHko ds vk/kkj ;q¼ ds vfUre {k.kksa ij foHkh"k.k ls dgrs gS]a ßtc fdlh ls ;q¼
gw¡A ijUrq ckr rks ;g gS fd dksbZ Hkh bl ckr ij fo'okl djus ds fy, rS;kj ugha djus tkvks] rks er lkspks fd fdlh Hkh xqV ds fy, thr fu'p;h gSA ;q¼ lnk ds
gS fd lpeqp Jh jke ds eu esa lUnsg mifLFkr Fkk fd nksuksa HkkbZ;ksa ds chp igpku fy;s gh lUnsgkLin gksrk gSA dksbZ dHkh ugha dg ldrk] dkSu fot;h gksxk\Þ
dSls dh tk;sA oLrqr% dksbZ Hkh ugha ekurkA dgrs gS]a ßugha] ,slk ckr ugha FkhA uSdkUrfot;ks ;q)s HkwriwoZ% dnkpuA
fu'p; gh Jh jke nksuksa ds e/; vUrj dj ldrs FksAÞ igyh ckr rks ;g gS fd ijSokZ gU;rs ohj% ijku~ ok gfUr la;qxsAA VI.112.18
tc nksuksa dk la?k"kZ lekIr gks pqdk Fkk vkSj lqxhz o ijkftr gqvk ykSV jgk Fkk] Jh ß;q¼ esa fdlh ,d i{k dks lnk gh fot; feys] ,slk igys dHkh ugha gqvk gSA
jke vklkuh ls le> ldrs Fks fd dkSu lk ckfy FkkA blds vfrfjDr] guqeku rks ohj iq#"k laxkz e esa ;k rks 'k=qvksa }kjk ekjk tkrk gS vFkok Lo;a gh 'k=q dks ekj
ogk¡ mifLFkr Fks gh] os muls Hkh iwN ldrs FksA os vklkuh ls crk nsrs vkSj D;k vki fxjkrk gSA ,slk gks ldrk gS fd rqEgkjk ;ks¼k vius 'k=qvksa }kjk vfHkHkwr gks tk;sA
dYiuk dj ldrs gS]a jke 'k=q dks u igpku lda\s vr% b/kj&m/kj ds vU; ;g rks dsoy vk'kk ek= gh gS fd og lnk fot;h gksA j.k{ks= esa fdlh Hkh i{k dh
dkj.k <w¡<us dk ç;kl fd;k x;k gSA dksbZ cMÛh prqjkbZ fn[kkrs gq, dgrs gS]a ß;g rks fot; dh fu'p; :i ls Hkfo";ok.kh ugha dh tk ldrhAÞ
irk gh gS fd çR;sd çk.kh dk thou dky iwoeZ os fu/kkZfjr gksrk gSA ckfy ds thou Lo;a Jh jke us bl egku rF; dks çfrikfnr fd;kA fQj D;ksa u ge Hkh eku
ds dqN ?kaVs 'ks"k FksA blhfy, Jh jke bl le; fu'ps"V jgs vkSj mUgksua s mls ysa fd muds eu esa {k.k Hkj ds fy;s lUnsg mifLFkr gks ldrk Fkk] blesa vkifÙk Hkh
çk.kkUrd ck.k rR{k.k ugha ekjkAÞ eSa crk gh pqdk gw¡ fd xksfoUnjkt fdl çdkj D;k gS\ vr,o] eSa ekurk gw¡ fd igys volj ij tc mUgksua s vius ck.k dk
blds fy, lQÛkbZ nsrs gSAa os oLrqr% dgrs gS]a jke fuf'pr :i ls tku ldrs Fks fd fu'kkuk ckfy ij ugha ck¡/kk] os {k.k Hkj ds fy;s fBBd x, FksA os lkspus yxs Fks]
mu esa dkSu lk ckfy Fkk vkSj dkSu lk lqxhz o] ijUrq ml le; mUgksua s ;g tkuuss D;k vkxs tkdj os ckfy Lo;a dks pqukSrh ns\a ijUrq] os fQj bl fu"d"kZ ij igq¡ps
dk ç;Ru fd;k gh ughaA fd ,slk djus ds fy;s le; vuqdy w ugha gSA vr,o] gks ldrk gS fd {k.kHkj ds
bZn'` ks fo"k; ,oafo/kku`ropua u nks"kk;sR;I;usu /ofure~A IV.12.32 fy, vfuf'prrk dh fLFkfr cu xbZ gks] ,slk dnkfi vlEHkkfor ughaA

;|fi eSua s ,d lEHkkO; lek/kku çLrqr fd;k gS] eSa fQj Hkh dguk pkgw¡xk fd ;FkkdFkafpöjrsu jkT;Hkj.kL; LohÑrRokÙknU;s"kka
eSa Lo;a dksbZ dkj.k ugha ns[krk fd D;ksa ge bl ij fo'okl u djsa fd ml le; rRdqyhukuka rnkfn"VRoa flf)fefr ân;e~A
Jh jke nksua ksa Hkkb;ksa ds chp vUrj ugha dj ik;sA Jh jke ds dFku dks u ekuus dk xksfoUnjkt dgrs gSa fd bl rF; ls fd Hkjr us çHkqlÙkk /kkj.k dj yh gS]
gesa dksbZ vf/kdkj ugha gSA ijUrq ;fn bl ij fdlh çdkj dh lQÛkbZ dh [kkst muds lHkh lEcU/kh çHkqlÙkk ds Hkkxhnkj cu tkrs gSAa Hkjr dh vuqifLFkfr esa os
vko';d gks] rks dnkfpr~~ esjk lq>ko Hkh mruk gh fopkj.kh; gksuk pkfg,] tSlk ogh dk;Zokgh dj ldrs gSa vkSj mudks vo'; djuh Hkh pkfg,] tSls fd Hkjr Lo;a
dksbZ vU;A fo|eku gksrAs
eSua s Jh jke ds çdV lkezkT;oknh fl¼kUr dk mYys[k fd;k Fkk] ftls os fryd dh fVIi.kh dqN FkksMÛh vf/kd prqjrkiw.kZ gSA os muesa ls dqN fcUnqvksa
O;Dr djrs gS]a bl çdkj % dks igys ls gh mBkrs gS]a ftudks ge mBkus tk jgs gSAa igyh ckr rks ;g gS fd Jh
b{okdw.kkfe;a Hkwfe% l'kSyoudkuukA jke Lo;a ,slk dgrs gSa fd mUgsa ,slk dk;Z djus dk vf/kdkj Hkjr ls çkIr gSA
e`xi{kheuq";k.kka fuxzgixzgkofiAA ;|fi gekjh tkudkjh esa rks Hkjr us dksbZ ,slk vf/kdkj ugha fn;k Fkk] rFkkfi Jh
rka iky;fr /kekZRek Hkjr% lR;oku`t%q A jke ds dk;kZf/kdkj dFku ls ,sls ds vfLrRo dks vuqekur% Lohdkj dj ldrs gSAa
/keZdkekFkZrÙoKks fuxzgkuqxgz s jr%AA nwljh ckr] os dgrs gS]a ßD;ksfa d Hkjr 'kkld gS] muds dqN 'kkldh; vf/kdkj Lo;a
rL; /keZÑrkns'kk o;eU;s p ikÆFkok%A gh muds lacfa /k;ksa rd QSy tkrs gSAa vr% jke Hkkxhnkj gksus ds ukrs dk;Zokgh dj
pjkeks olq/kka ÑRLuka /keZlarkufePNo%AA ldrs FksAÞ rhljh ckr] tks os dgrs gS]a og ogh gS] ftldk mYys[k eSa dj pqdk gw¡
rs o;a /keZfoHkz"Va Lo/kesZ ijes fLFkrk%A vFkkZr~ Hkjr dks jke us viuk çfr'kkld fu;qDr fd;k FkkA vr,o] jke tc os
HkjrkKka iqjLÑR; fux`º.kheks ;Fkkfof/kAA IV.18.6,7,9,11 pkgs]a çnÙk vf/kdkj dk ç;ksx Lo;a Hkh dj ldrs gSAa oLrqr%] tc Hkjr vkSj jke
ßlEiw.kZ i`Foh b{okdqvksa dh lEifÙk gSA ioZr] ou vkSj dkuuksa ls ;qDr lkjh dk okn&fookn lekIr gqvk] rc ;g O;oLFkk fuf'pr gqbZ Fkh fd okLrfod n`f"V ls
i`Foh b{okdq jktoa'kh jktkvksa dh gSA vr% os ogk¡ ds i'kq&i{kh vkSj euq";ksa ij n;k vFkkZr~ oS/k:i ls Jh jke gh jktk jgsxa s vkSj Hkjr muds çfrfuf/kA vr,o Hkjr
djus ds vf/kdkjh gSAa /kekZRek jktk Hkjr bl i`Foh dk ikyu djrs gSAa mudh vksj çHkqlÙkk çnÙk Fks vkSj vf/kdkj lkSia us okyk O;fDr fuf'pr :i ls çfr'kkld ds
ls gesa rFkk nwljs jktkvksa dks ;g vkns'k çkIr gS] ftlds vuq:i ge yksx /keZ LFkku dksbZ Hkh dk;Zokgh dj ldrk gSA muds vf/kdkj ij dksbZ vkifÙk ugha dh tk
çpkj dh bPNk ls LoPNUn fopjrs gSAa ge yksx] Hkjr dh vkKk dks lkeus j[krs ldrhA
gq,] /keZ&Hkz"V iq#"kksa dks fof/kor naM nsrs gSAa Þ vc eSa :ek lacfa /kr vius vfUre fcUnq ij vkrk gw¡A
os Lo;a vkidks ,d îk£Fko* dgrs gS]a bl vFkZ esa ugha fd os ,d okLro esa T;s"Bks Hkzkrk firk pSo ;'p fo|ka ç;PNfrA IV.18.13
,d 'kkludrkZ Fks] fdUrq os ,d 'kkld jktk ds lEcU/kh Fks] vr,o mUgsa vf/kdkj jke ckfy ls dgrs gS]a ßcMÛk HkkbZ] firk] ,oa xq# tks fo|k nsrk gS] os lc firk
çkIr Fkk fd tc vko';drk gks ;k /keZ ds foijhr dksbZ ckr gks] rks os 'kkld ds rqY; ekuuh; iq= gksrs gSAa lqxhz o rqEgkjk NksVk HkkbZ gS] rqEgsa mldks leku ekuuk
çfrfuf/k :i esa dkjZokgh dj ldrs gSAa ßD;ksfa d eSa Hkh v;ks/;k ds jktifjokj dk pkfg,A tc rqeus mldh iRuh dks gfFk;k;k] oLrqr% rqe viuh iq=o/kw ds lkFk
lnL; gw¡] ;g lc txg esjs U;k;&vf/kdkj ds {ks= esa gS vkSj nks"kh dks eSa naM ns v/keZ O;ogkj dj jgs FksAÞ
ldrk gw¡AÞ vki dgsxa ]s ,slk dguk rks lÙkk vkSj çHkqRo dk loZFkk vukf/kdkj xzg.k vkSjlha Hkfxuha okfi Hkk;k± okI;uqtL; ;%AA IV.18.22
gS] tks fdlh Hkh çdkj ls U;k;laxr ugha ekuk tk ldrkA Hkjr us jke dks dHkh Hkh ßtks iq#"k viuh dU;k] cfgu vFkok NksVs HkkbZ dh iRuh ds ikl dke cqf¼
viuk çfrfuf/k fu;qDr ugha fd;k Fkk] fdUrq xksfoUnjkt dh fVIi.kh bl çdkj gS % ls tkrk gS] mldk o/k djuk gh Js;Ldj gSAÞ
;|fi Hkjrsu ukns'k% Ñr% rFkk·fi usnelR;e~A eSa bldh ppkZ fo'ks"k :i ls dj jgk gw¡] D;ksfa d blesa ,d egRoiw.kZ fcUnq gSA
;|fi Hkjr us ,slk dksbZ vkns'k ugha fn;k] fQj Hkh gesa bls vlR; ugha nsfo;ksa vkSj lTtuks!a vkidks Lej.k gksxk ^jkek;.k* dFkk esa vkxs] tc ;q¼ ds ckn
dguk pkfg,A jke }kjk lhrk dks vaxhdkj djus dk le; vkrk gS] Jh jke ,d fodjky eq[kkÏfr

/kkj.k dj ysrs gSAa leLr tu&lewg dh mifLFkfr esa lhrk dks cqyokrs gSAa fQj fLFkfr esa mUgsa ns[k fy;kA L=h dh ifo=rk ds fo"k; esa lqxhz o dks dksbZ vf/kd
cMÛh xEHkhjrk ds lkFk lEcU/kfoPNsn vkSj ifjR;kx dk fu.kZ; mUgsa lqukrs gSAa ;g ladksp u FkkA ,d iRuh] tks mlds HkkbZ dh j[kSy cu dj jg pqdh Fkh] mldks
dsoy bl Hk; ls dh dgha nqfu;k okys lhrk ds fy;s] dqN cqjk Hkyk lksp dj] mu okil fey tkus ij og fuLladksp mls Lohdkj dj ysrk gSA eSa ;g ugha dgrk fd
ij maxyh u mBk;sAa os lhrk ls dgrs gS]a ß,d iwjs o"kZ i;ZUr ml nq"V] fu"Bqj ds ,slh ckrsa okLrfod :i esa ugha gksrhaA [ksn dk fo"k; gS fd ,slh ckrsa gksrh gSAa ijUrq
O;fDr ds fu;U=.k esa jgus ds i'pkr~ dkSu fo'okl djsxk fd rqe ifo= gks] ;fn dksbZ Hkh O;fDr] ftldh iRuh fNu xbZ gks] og vU; O;fDr ls tkdj viuk
eSa ,slk dg Hkh nw¡] rks D;k vU; yksx ,slk eku ysxa \s dnkfi ughaA vr% eSa rqEgsa tÛkjs nkj n%q[kMÛk ugha jks;xs k vksj viuh iRuh dks ykSVkus ds fy, mlls nks"kh dks
viuh iRuh ds :i esa Lohdkj ugha dj ldrkAÞ D;ksafd guqeku }kjk çpqj] e`R;qnMa nsus dks ugha dgsxkA D;k og dsoy vkHkw"k.k ,d Fkh vFkok ,d ekewyh
vlafnX/k vkSj ifo= çek.k Hkh mudks fey pqds Fks fd lhrk fdl n'kk esa yadk esa oLrq] ftldks dqN le; ds fy, nwljs O;fDr us gfFk;k fy;k Fkk\ og ,d iRuh
jgh Fkha vkSj fdl çdkj jko.k ds fo#¼ la?k"kZjr jgh Fkha] ;s lc lk{; muds ikl Fkhµ çk.kksa ls Hkh vf/kd fç;A eq>s lqxhz o ds vkpj.k ij dksbZ vf/kd vkifÙk ughaA
ekStnw FksA rFkkfi FkksMÛh nsj rd muds çfr vfo'okl fd;k vkSj vLi"V vkSj /kq/a kys eSa rks dsoy jke dh Li"V ekunaMksa dh vlaxfr dh vksj vkidk /;ku [khapuk
lUnsg ij cMÛh fu"Bqjrk ls mUgsa Lohdkj djus ls bUdkj dj fn;k vkSj cksy]s pkgrk gw¡A mUgksua s #ek dks] tks okLro esa ckfy ds lgokl esa jg pqdh Fkh] mlds
ßrqEgkjh tgk¡ bPNk gks] pyh tkvksA vc rqe ls esjk dksbZ ç;kstu ughaA vc rqe tks vlyh ifr dks ykSVk fn;k vkSj ifr us Hkh mls Lohdkj dj fy;k vkSj mlds lkFkk
pkgks djksAÞ vc TÛkjk Lej.k dhft;s] os ckfy ls ckj&ckj dgrs gSa fd og ifr dh Hkk¡fr jgus yxkA mUgsa ;g lc dqN Kkr Fkk vkSj blh çfØ;k esa mUgksua s
^Hkzkr`Hkk;kZigkjd^ gSA Þrqeus vius NksVs HkkbZ dh L=h dks Nhu fy;k gSA ßrqeus vius ckfy dk o/k Hkh fd;k FkkA ijUrq viuh iRuh dh çfr viuk joS;k fdruk D;k FkkA
NksVs HkkbZ dh L=h dks Nhu fy;k gSA rqeus viuh iq=o/kw dks pqjk fy;k gSA rqe tcfd mudh tkudkjh dsoy bruh gh Fkh fd lhrk vlgk; ofUnuh jgh Fkh] ,d
mlds lkFk voS/k lgokl esa jg jgs gksA rqe nqjkpkjh gks] rqEgsa naM nsuk vko';d ,sls nq"V O;fDr ds v/khu] tks vusdksa fL=;ksa ds lkFk cykRdkj ds fy;s vkSj vU;
gS vkSj og naM gS] e`R;qnMa AÞ TÛkjk dYiuk dhft;s] ml le; lqxhz o ds eu esa nwljksa ds çfr Øwj O;ogkj ds fy;s] nqfu;k Hkj esa dq[;kr FkkA jke] #ek vkSj lqxhz o
viuh iRuh ds lrhRo ds fo"k; esa dSls fopkj jgs gksxa ]s ;g tkudkj] LosPNk ;k ds çfr rks brus fopkj'khy Fks] fdUrq viuh iRuh ds fo"k; esa muesa d#.kk dk
vfuPNk ls] og mldh iRuh cudj jg jgh Fkh\ fQj Hkh mlus jke ls çkFkZuk dh ys'kek= va'k Hkh ugha Fkk] og Hkh ,slh iRuh ds fo"k; es]a ftldh funks"Z krk (vfXu
fd os mlds HkkbZ dk o/k djds mldh iRuh dks okil fnyok nsAa ,sls ifr vkSj iRuh ijh{kk ds i'pkr~)~ nqfu;k esa pkjksa vksj ?kksf"kr gks pqdh FkhA
ds fo"k; esa D;k dgk tk ldrk gS\ jke Lo;a ckfy ls bl çdkj dgrs gS]a Þrqe
:ek ds lkFk lgokl dj jgs gksAß vr% blesa dksbZ lUnsg ugha fd mldh ifo=rk
u"V gks pqdh FkhA fdUrq lqxhz o us okLro esa D;k fd;k\ mlus #ek ls dksbZ vfXu
ijh{kk ugha djokbZA ,d nks fnol çrh{kk Hkh ugha dhA mlus lh/ks&lh/ks mls xzg.k
dj fy;k vkSj tc y{e.k Jh jke dk Hk;adj lUns'k ysdj lqxhz o ds ikl igq¡prs
gS]a rks os mls #ek ds lkFk vkfyaxu ik'k esa ikrs gSAa tks mUgsa ns[kk] og ;g Fkk %
#eka rq ohj% ifjjHk; xk<a ojkluLFkks ojgseo.kZ%A
nn'kZ lkSfef=eanhulRoa fo'kkyus=% lqfo'kkyus=e~AA IV.33.66
lqxhz o viuh iRuh #ek dks xk<Û vkfyaxu ik'k esa ck¡/ks gq, Fks] ,slk y{e.k us
ns[kkA
;gk¡ dfo viuh fouksn'khyrk ds vuq:i ,d oS"kE; fpf=r djrk gSA og
n'kkZrk gS] nksuksa gh y{e.k vkSj lqxhz o ds fo'kky us= Fks (vk'p;Zpfdr Fks)A y{e.k
dh vk¡[ksa rks blfy;s QVh dh QVh jg xbZ D;ksfa d mUgksua s ,slk vlk/kkj.k n`';
ns[kk] ftlls os loZFkk vuuqHkkoh Fks vkSj D;ksfa d y{e.k us ,d vR;Ur ,dkfUrd
180 jkek;.k ds T;ksfr&LrEHk ckjgok¡ v/;k; 181

/kedh Hkh nsrs gS]a vkSj rnuUrj lhrk dks u ikdj fcy[k&foy[k dj jksrs gS]a os
dsoy ek;koh lhrk ds fy, iwjs le; brus O;kdqy jgsA eSa le>rk gw¡ ;g ,d cMÛh
ckjgok¡ v/;k; fofp= ckr gS fd dksbZ Hkh ,slk fo'okl djsa fd bl dk#f.kd egkdkO; ds vf/
kdka'k Hkkx dh lhrk udÛyh Fkh vkSj lhrk ;g tkurs gq, Hkh] mlds HkkX;pØ dh
jke ?kVukvksa esa xgjh #fp ys]a muds vkufUnr gksus ij mYykflr gksa vkSj muds nq%[kh
gksus ij nq%[kh gksAa esjs fopkj esa rks ;g ,d vlaHko fLFkfr gSA vr% eSa ek;koh lhrk
dh dFkk dks furkUr fujk/kkj ekurk gw¡ vkSj mls vLohdkj djrk gw¡A vU;Fkk mlls
iwjs ukVd esa gekjh vfHk#fp lekIr gks tk;sA
vc ge] jko.k ;q¼ ds mijkUr] lhrk ifjR;kx ds çlax ij ppkZ djsxa As ckfy ,d vU; NksVk lk fcUnq gS] ftldk mYys[k vkjEHk esa gh djuk mfpr gS]
çlax ds leku gh ^jkek;.k* dk ;g va'k fo'ks"k Hkh vR;Ur fooknkLin gSA dqN ftlls lgh fn'kk ls HkVds fcuk ge ewyikB dks le> ldsAa dnkfpr~~ ;g ,slk
fo}kuksa dk er gS fd ftl çdkj jke us lhrk dk ifjR;kx fd;k] ,slk djuk fcUnq gS] ftl ij eq>s vkidh mruh lgefr Hkh feys] ftruh fd ek;koh lhrk dh
vko';d ugha FkkA vU; yksx] ftudk fo'okl gS fd jke dksbZ vuqfpr ckr dj gh dFkk ij u gksA ijUrq] okLrfodrk pkgs tks dqN Hkh gks] eSa viuh vfHk#fp
ugha ldrsA os ;g le>us dk ç;kl djrs gSa fd vkSj ckrksa dh rjg blesa Hkh mudk Li"Vr;k O;Dr dj nw¡A eSa ugha le>rk fd ewyikB dk mYys[k vko';d gS] ijUrq
vkpj.k vfuU| gSA brus iqjkus le; dh ?kVuk ds fo"k; esa bl ç'u dk fu.kZ; eq[; ckr ;g gS fd gekjs chp dqN :f<Ûokfn;ksa dk ,d ,slk oxZ Hkh gS] tks ;g
djuk gekjs fy;s dfBu gSA dksbZ Hkh ;g ekuus dk lkgl ugha dj ldrk fd mlds ekurk gS fd iq#"k tkfr vkSj L=h tkfr ds chp vR;Ur vf/kd fo"kerk gSA pfj=
}kjk nh x;h fVIi.kh ls ,d ,sls fo"k; dk vfUre fu.kZ; gks x;k] tks ;qx&;qx ls vkSj ekuoh; lgkuqHkwfr ds fo"k; esa L=h&iq#"k esa cgqr vUrj gSA L=h] pkgs fdruh
fooknkLin cuk gqvk gSA fQj Hkh cqf¼eku euq";ksa dh gSfl;r ls] tks ^jkek;.k* dk Hkh mnkÙk D;ksa u gks] fdruh Hkh ifo= D;ksa u gks] mlds fy, futh çfrokn o£tr
v/;;u J¼kHkko ls dj jgs gS]a ge loZfofnr n`f"Vdks.k dk iqujkoyksdu dj ysAa gS] lkglh dFku o£tr gS] jk; dh Lora=rk o£tr gS dh Lora=rk Hkh ugha fey
bl vk'kk ls ugha fd dksbZ u;k çdk'k feysxk] fdUrq bl fopkj ls fd ge ;g tku ldrhA ;s yksx rks ;gk¡ rd Hkh ekurs gSa fd vUrr% lhrk Hkh ,d L=h Fkh] mUgsa
ysa fd nksuksa i{k dh vksj ls D;k dqN dgk tk ldrk gSA iq#"kk/khu le>h tkuh pkfg,A mUgsa fdlh egRoiw.kZ fo"k; ij viuk futh n`f"Vdks.k
vkjEHk esa gh] nks fcUnq] tks vknj.kh; v/;srkvksa }kjk mBk;s x;s gS]a mudks j[kus dk Hkh vf/kdkj ugha Fkk] fo'ks"k {ks=ksa esa os lgh Hkh gks ldrh Fkha vkSj xÛyr
Li"V dj nsuk pkgrk gw¡A buesa ls ,d fofp= lk gS] ftlds fy, dksbZ leFkZu HkhA ijUrq] ç'u lgh vkSj xÛyr dk ugha gS] ftl ij yksx /;ku nsxa As os rks ;gh
okYehfd ls ugha feyrkA bldk vk/kkj dqN vU; jpuk,a gS]a ftudh çekf.kdrk dgsxa ]s ßmudks Lora= :i ls dksbZ er O;Dr djus dk vf/kdkj ugha gSAÞ bl i{k
de gS] fdUrq tks ^jkek;.k* dh ?kVukvksa dks lPps vFkZ esa le>us dk nkok djrh ds leFkZu esa os ekjhp ds çlax dk Lej.k fnykrs gSAa tc ekjhp jke dks cgdkok
gSAa muds vuqlkj lPph dFkk bl çdkj gS fd tc jko.k tuLFkku esa lhrk dk nsdj nwj rd ys x;k vkSj dqN {k.k i'pkr~ (jke ds) Loj esa vR;Ur dk#f.kd
vigj.k djus vk;k Fkk] vlyh lhrk vfXu esa ços'k djds vn`'; gks xbZA tks Ïfre jksnu lquus ij Hkh y{e.k ml vksj tkus ls ladksp djrs jgsA ml le;
lhrk ijorhZ dkaMksa esa lkeus vkrh gS]a Jh jke }kjk ifjR;kx vkSj vfXuijh{kk rd] lhrk {kqC/k gksdj bruk Hkwy cSBha fd os y{e.k ds çfr vR;Ur dVq vkSj v'kksHkuh;
os ek;k :ih lhrk FkhaA bl ifjdYiuk dk leFkZu dqN ofj"B fo}kuksa }kjk fd;k 'kCnksa rd dk ç;ksx djus yxhaA mUgksuas s y{e.k ij muds ikiiw.kZ o dyq"k fopkj
x;k gS vkSj geesa ls vf/kdka'k yksx ,sls gS]a tks bl dgkuh ij fo'okl djuk ilan j[kus dk Hkh f?kukSuk vkjksi yxk;k] muds pfj= dks ykafNr fd;k vkSj viuh Nkrh
djrs gSAa ijUrq] ,slk djus ls dFkk dh lEiw.kZ jlkRedrk gh lekIr gks tkrh gSA ihVuh vkjEHk dj nhA bl çdkj mUgksua s y{e.k dks vUrr% foo'k dj fn;k] mudh
lp ckr rks ;g gS] ,d dsoy ek;koh lhrk dh thou&dFkk esa gesa dksbZ xgjh pkSdlh ds dÙkZO; dks NksMÛdj jke dh vksj tkus ds fy;s] ml O;fDr dks vjf{kr
vfHk#fp ugha gks ldrhA esjs fopkj esa gesa Lo;a dks ;g fo'okl fnykuk vR;Ur NksMÛ] ftldh lqj{kk djus dh vko';drk Fkh] ml O;fDr dh lqj{kk ds fy;s] ftls
dfBu gS fd tc jke vkSj y{e.k lhrk ds fo;ksx esa foày gksdj foyki djrs gS]a fdlh lqj{kk dh vko';drk ugha FkhA vius vkpj.k ls lhrk us y{e.k& vkSj bl
tc os lqxhz o dks lhrk dh [kkst djus dk viuk oknk iwjk u djus ij e`R;qnMa dh fl¼kUr ds] fd iq#"k tkfr L=h tkfr ls dgha vf/kd Js"B gS] leFkZd egkuqHkkoksa
180

dks ;gk¡ rd dgus etcwj fd;k fd lhrk us y{e.k ij vuqfpr yk¡Nu yxk dj ughaA ukjh rks vius vkpj.k vkSj pfj= ls gh loZFkk lqjf{kr jgrh gSA ;s cká
vius Åij bruk (^miikfnrl*) Hkkjh iki p<Ûk;k fd rnuUrj tks Hkh foifÙk;k¡ lqj{kk dh oLrq;&as tks jktlh fpÊ gS]a ,d jktlh ?kjkus ds BkV&ckV vkSj vkMEcjA
vkb±] os lc blh vipkj dk naM FkhaA* eSa le>rk gw¡ fd ;g fl¼kUr vkSj ;g ;s lc vuko';d gSAa dukr~ vkSj pgkj fnokjh vkfn ls dksbZ lqj{kk ughaA ukjh ds
fu"d"kZ gekjs }kjk ekuuh; ugha gSA vkxs py dj tc eSa lhrk ds pfj= ij ppkZ vius futh lnkpkj gh mlds fy;s Js"B vkoj.k gSAa foifÙkdky es]a 'kkjhfjd ;k
d:¡xk] rc ,d nks 'kCn mudh lQÛkbZ esa dgw¡xk] bl lUnHkZ esa Hkh] tgk¡ muds ekufld ihMÛk ds voljksa ij] ;q¼ es]a Lo;aoj es]a ;K vkSj fookg vkfn voljksa ij
vkpj.k dh vkykspuk gqbZ gSA bl le; rks bl ifjdfYir dgkuh dks Hkh fnekx ls L=h dk nwljksa dh n`f"V esa vkuk nks"k dh ckr ugha gSA ;g lhrk bl le; foifÙk esa
fudky nsa fd dfo dk vfHkçk; ,slk Fkk fd ikBd lhrk dh vkifÙk;ksa dks naM ds gS] ekufld d"V ls Hkh la=Lr gSA ,d fueZe ;q¼ dk rks vUr gks x;k gSA fo'ks"kr%
fHkék&fHkék çdkjksa ds :i eas ys]a tks mUgsa vius vkpj.k dh ve;kZnk ds dkj.k og bl le; esjs ikl gSA blfy;s bldk ijns ds fcuk lcds lkeus vkuk nks"k dh
Hkqxrus iMÛAs ckr ugha gSA vr% tkudh ikydh NksMÛdj iSny gh esjs lEeq[k vk;sa vkSj ;s Hkh
vc ge ewyikB dk dqN vuqlj.k djs]a fcYdqy ml lhek rd rks ugha] okuj mudk n'kZu djsAa ß ,slk dgdj jke cgqr {kqC/k nh[kus yxsA ;|fi os dBksjrk
tSlk fiNys voljksa ij fd;k gS] ijUrq ftruk i;kZIr gks bl dk#f.kd O;Fkk ds ls cksy jgs Fks] mudk flj >qdk gqvk Fkk vkSj ,d gh fn'kk esa eqMÛk gqvk FkkA çR;{k
n`'; dh vof/k esa jke vkSj lhrk dh ekufld fLFkfr n'kkZus ds fy;s ,slk yxrk gS :i esa rks os insZ dh çFkk ds fo#¼ cksy jgs Fks] ijUrq okLro esa os bl ckr ls
fd lhrk ds jke ds lEeq[k mifLFkr gksus ls iwoZ gh jke ds eu esa ,d çdkj dh {kqC/k Fks fd lhrk dks turk ls fNik;k gh D;ksa tk;sA mudk #[k ns[k dj tks yksx
mFky&iqFky vkjEHk gks xbZ FkhA os lhrk dks ykus ds fy, foHkh"k.k ls dgrs le; ogk¡ mifLFkr Fks] vR;Ur O;fFkr lgk;d fe=] lqxhz o] foHkh"k.k] Lo;a y{e.k] lc
os fo'ks"k :i ls Li"Vr;k dgrs gS]a ßmuls dguk] flj ls Luku djds] vaxjkx ls dks yxk] ekuks ok;qeMa y esa fo|qr lek xbZ gSA Jh jke dh eu%fLFkfr 'kkUr ugha gS]
lqokflr gksdj vkSj lc vkHkw"k.kksa ls foHkwf"kr gksdj esjs lEeq[k vk;sAa Þ foHkh"k.k dqN my>u gSA lhrk mudh vksj vk jgh gS] mUgsa ikydh ls mrkjk tkrk gSA Jh
mUgsa ;g lUns'k lquk nsrs gSAa lhrk dqN f}/kk esa iMÛ tkrh gSAa os dgrh gS]a ßeSa ftl jke ds vkns'kkuqlkj os dqN ix pydj Jh jke ds lehi igq¡prh gSAa Jh jke ds
voLFkk eSa gw¡] mlh voLFkk esa ifr ls HksVa djuk vf/kd ilan d:¡xh& eSyh dqpy S h] Bhd lEeq[k [kMÛh lhrk] vius fç;re ds lqUnj eq[k dks] ftlds n'kZu ls os cgqr
'kksdkrZ vJqi.w kZ] vHkkfxuA eq>s ugkus /kksus vkSj vkHkw"k.k /kkj.k djus ds fy, u fnuksa ls of´pr Fkha] ml eq[kMÛs dks fugkjus ds fy;s vkrqj lhrk vkSj mlesa vius
dfg;s] tSls fd eSa ;gk¡ cMÛs vkuUn vkSj mYykl esa thou O;rhr dj jgh FkhA tSlh HkkX; dks Hkkaius ds fy;s mRlqd lhrkA ml lhrk dh dYiuk vki HkyhHkk¡fr dj
eSa bl le; gw¡ vFkkZr~ ftl voLFkk esa eSa ;gk¡ jgh gw¡] mlh voLFkk esa eq>s muds ldrs gSAa tSls gh os muds eq[k ij n`f"Vikr djrh gS] dksbZ vKkr vk'kadk mUgsa
n'kZu djus fn;k tk;sAÞ foHkh"k.k dnkfpr~~ ;g lksprs gq, fd os igys gh Jh jke ds Hk;krqj dj nsrh gS] ftlus ogk¡ mifLFkfr lc yksxksa dks igys ls gh çHkkfor FksA
eq[keaMy ij ijs'kkuh ds fpÊ ns[k pqds gS]a lhrk ls dgrs gS]a ßesjs fopkj esa rks lhrk dks Hkkl gksrk gS os ,d Lusge; fç; ifr ds laons u'khy vkfyaxu dh vksj
mfpr ;gh jgsxk fd vki vius ifrnso dh vkKk dk ikyu djsAa Þ bl çdkj ugha ykSV jgh gS]a ftuls og fpjdky ls fcNqMÛh gqbZ FkhaA yxrk rks ,slk Fkk] ekuks os
le>k;s tkus ij dnkfpr~~ mldks psrkouh ekudj lhrk us oSlk gh fd;k] tSlk ,d mPp&U;k;ky; esa ços'k dj jgh gks]a tgk¡ fdlh vijk/kh dks naM lquk;k tkrk
muls dgk x;kA ,sls voljksa ij yksxksa dk 'kksj xqy ,d lkekU; ckr gSA dqN yksx FkkA ftl Hkk"k.k ls Jh jke lk{kkRdkj vkjEHk djrs gSa (;fn vki bls lk{kkRdkj dh
gkFkksa esa MaMs vkSj ykfB;k¡ fy, lokjh ds vkxs&vkxs pydj yksxksa dks b/kj&m/kj laKk nsus esa dksbZ gtZ u ekus)a ] og lhrk dh ?kcjkgV dks 'kkUr djus okyk ugha FkkA
gVus dks dgrs gSAa dnkfpr~~ fdlh&fdlh ij MaMk Hkh iMÛ tkrk gS] ftlls dksykgy ;g Hkk"k.k nks Hkkxksa esa foHkkftr fd;k tk ldrk gSA igys Hkkx esa os vius lQy
gksus yxrk gSA mlh çdkj ogk¡ ls gVk;s tkrs gq, ou okujx.k esa Hkh dksykgy gksus ç;Ru çLrqr djrs gSAa os crkrs gSa fd vius dÙkZO; dks iwjk dj fn;k] mUgksua s vius
yxkA ;g lc dqN jke dks vPNk ugha yxkA mUgksua s Øks/kiwod Z dgk] Þbu yksxksa dks oa'k lqO;k[;kr b{okdq dqy dh eku e;kZnk dks iquLFkkfir dj fn;k] vius
rax er djksA ;s lc esjs vkReh; gSAa mUgsa lhrk dks ns[kus nks] blesa dksbZ cqjkbZ ijkØe dh /kkd cSBk nh vkSj mUgksua s ml O;fDr dk] mlds vuqpj lfgr] fouk'k
dj fn;k ftlus mudh iRuh dk vigj.k djds mudk vieku djus dk nqLlkgl
* xksfoanjkt dh vfXu ços'k ds le; dh fVIi.kh (VI.119.34,35) %
fd;k FkkA ml dyad dk ifjektZu gks x;k gSA os lhrk dks lEcksf/kr djds dgrs
jko.kkxeuekjH; ,rkoRi;ZUra lhrk;k%A ijeHkkxorHkwry{e.kkipkjQyeqiikfnre~AA
gS]a ßrqEgsa ekywe gks fd eSua s ;g ;q¼ vkSj bu fe=ksa ds ijkØe ls tks fot; çkIr dh

gS] ;g lc rqEgsa ikus ds fy;s gh ugha fd;k x;k gS] fcYdqy ughaAÞ tc os ;s 'kCn d% iqeku~ fg dqys tkr% fL=;a ijx`gksf"krke~A
dgrs gS]a lhrk rqjUr le> tkrh gS fd nq%[kn HkkX; mudh çrh{kk dj jgk gSA ;gk¡ rstLoh iqujkn|kRlqâYys[;su psrlkAA VI.118.19
dfo dgrk gS fd lhrk us viuh n`f"V Åij dh vksj mBkbZ] mudh vk¡[ksa mlh çdkj ßdkSu ,slk dqyhu iq#"k gksxk] tks rstLoh gksdj Hkh ijiq#"k ds ?kj esa yxHkx
dk Hkh"k.k Hk; çdV djrh çrhr gqb]± tSls dksbZ O;k/k (f'kdkjh) ds çfr fgj.k vFkok ,d o"kZ jgh gqbZ L=h dks iwjs fo'okl ls] eu ls xzg.k dj ldsxk\Þ
fgj.kh çdV djrs gS]a tc O;k/k mu ij viuk ?kkrd ck.k NksMÛ nsrk gSA rRi'pkr~ jko.kk³~difjHkz"Vka n`"Vka nq"Vsu p{kq"kkA
jke dk çfrdwy joS;k dBksj ls dBksjre gks tkrk gSA os ,d dBksj naMuk;d dh dFka Roka iqujkn|ka dqya O;ifn'ku~ egr~AA VI 118.20
Hkk¡fr viuh Hk`dVq h fldksMÛrs gSAa vkSj bl çdkj dBksj opu cksyrs gSa % ßeSa lw;oZ 'a kh gw¡A eq>s xoZ gS] eSa n'kjFk dh larku gw¡] eSa j?kqdy
q esa tUek gw¡A
l cn~/ok HkzdqVha oD=s fr;ZDçsf{krykspu%A eq>s bl ij xoZ gSA eSa rqEgsa dSls xzg.k dj ldrk gw¡] ftldks yksxksa us dqN le;
vczohr~ i:"ka lhrka e/;s okujj{klke~AA VI.118.12 rd jko.k dh xksn esa ns[kk gSAÞ
fQj Jh jke dk ân; nks Vwd gks x;kA rnkFk± fuÆtrk esa Roa ;'k% çR;kâra e;kA
i';Lrka rq jkeL; lehis ân;fç;ke~A ukfLr esa Ro¸;fHk"o³~xks ;Fks"Va xE;rkfer%AA VI.118.21
tuoknHk;kn jkKks cHkwo ân;a f}/kkAA VI.115.11 (eqacbZ laLdj.k) ßeSua s ftl mís'; ls rqEgsa thrk Fkk] og iwjk gks x;kA eSua s vius ijkØe ls
muds çk.koYyHk mUgsa vius lehi ns[k jgs FksA ijUrq yksdkiokn ds Hk; ls rqEgsa iqu% çkIr dj fy;kA rqEgkjs cUnhdrkZ ml nqjkRek jk{kl ls eks{k fnykdj eSua s
mudk ân; fonh.kZ gks jgk FkkA rRi'pkr~ muds eq[k ls ,sls 'kCn fudkyrs gS]a vius ;'k dks iqu% LFkkfir dj fy;k gSA esjs dqy ds dyad dk ifjektZu gks x;k]
ftudks vkt Hkh] le; dh nwjh ds ckotwn] i<Ûus esa vR;Ur d"V gksrk gSA ftlus dqN le; ds fy;s esjh çfr"Bk ij dkfyek yxkbZ gqbZ FkhAÞ
çkIrpkfj=lUnsgk ee çfreq[ks fLFkrkA ukfLr es Ro¸;fHk"o³~x%
nhiks us=krqjL;so çfrdwykfl esa n`<e~AA VI.118.17 ßvc esjh rqEgkjs çfr dksbZ eerk vFkok vklfDr ugha gSAÞ
ßrqEgkjs pfj= ij dyad gSAÞ D;k dksbZ dYiuk dj ldrk gS fd os Lo;a bl ;Fks"Va xE;rkfer%
çdkj dg jgs gS\a ßpfj= esa lUnsg dk volj mifLFkr gSA lUnsg ds ckny ml ßvc rqe eq>ls vfUre fonk ys ldrh gks vkSj tgk¡ Hkh tkuk pkgks] tk
ij Nk x;s gSAa fQj Hkh rqe esjs lkeus [kMÛh gks] mlls esjh vk¡[kksa esa nq[ku gks jgh gSA ldrh gksAÞ
tSls vk¡[k ds jksxh dks nhid dh T;ksfr ugha lqgkrh] mlh çdkj rqe vkt vR;Ur bfr çO;kâra Hkæs e;Srr~ Ñrcqf)ukA
vfç; yx jgh gksAÞ
ßHkæs! eSua s bl fo"k; ij vPNh çdkj ls lksp fopkj dj fy;k gSA ;g esjk
bl lUnHkZ esa ,d Vhdkdkj cMÛh prqjkbZ ls fVIi.kh djrk gS fd bl miek n`<Ûfu'p; gSA blh ds vuqlkj vkt eSua s rqEgkjs lkeus ;s ckrsa dgh gS]a Þ bruk dg
}kjk jke Lo;a vius vkidks fufUnr djrs gSAa bl miek ds vuqlkj çdk'k esa rks dj mUgksua s lhrk ds fy;s çfrokn vkSj fojks/k ds lc ekxZ cUn dj fn,A
dksbZ nks"k ugha gS] çdk'k fcYdqy Bhd gS] mlus fdlh dk dqN ugha fcxkMÛkA jksx gS]
y{e.ks Hkjrs ok Roa dq: cqf) ;Fkklq[ke~AA
rks bl euq"; dh vk¡[k esa gSA rks fQj lhrk ij nks"kkjksi.k D;ks\a [ÛkjS ] ;g rks ,d
Øwj ifjgkl ek= gSA blls dqN curk ughaA lqxhz os okujsUæs ok jk{klsUæs foHkh"k.ksA
fuos'k; eu% lhrs ;Fkk ok lq[kekReu%AA VI.18.22,23
rn~xPN áH;uqKkrk ;Fks"Va tudkRetsA os pkj tuksa dk mYys[k djrs gSAa * lhrk ls dgrs gSa] ßrqe pkgks] rks Hkjr
ßtgk¡ etÛhZ vkSj tSls etÛhZ tk ldrh gksAÞ
vFkok y{e.k ds laj{k.k esa lq[kiwod Z jgus dk fopkj dj ldrh gksA rqEgkjh bPNk
,rk n'k fn'kks Hkæs dk;ZefLr u es Ro;kAA VI.118.18 gks] rks okujjkt lqxhz o ;k jk{kljkt foHkh"k.k ds ikl Hkh jg ldrh gksA tgk¡ rqEgsa
Þ;s nlksa fn'kk;sa rqEgkjs fy;s [kqyh gSaAÞ
*
dk;ZefLr u es Ro;kAA eqacbZ laLdj.k ds vuqlkj 'k=q?u lfgr ik¡p dk mYys[k gSA
ß'k=q?us okFk lqxzhos jk{kls ok foHkh"k.ksAÞ (VI.115.22,23)
ßesjk rqels dksbZ ç;kstu ughaAÞ

lq[k feys] ogk¡ vkuUniwod Z jgks] eq>s dksbZ vkifÙk ughaA buesa ls rqe fdlh dks pqu ßrqe Lo;a tkurh gks] rqe ,d fnO; lqUnjh gks] i`Foh ij loZJ"s B lqUnjh gks]
ldrh gks] vxj rqe pkgksAÞ vR;Ur eksgd gksA jko.k ,d fcYdqy fujad'q k O;fDr gSA og fujk i'kq gSA D;k
nsf[k;s] lhrk dks fdruh Lora=rk nsrs gS]a jkeA ;gk¡ bruh dBksj Hkk"kk ls rqEgkjs dgus dk ;g vfHkçk; gS fd rqe tks ,d o"kZ i;ZUr mlds ?kj esa jgh gks]
migr gksdj dqN Vhdkdkjksa dks fpUrk gqbZ gS fd bu opuksa dk dksbZ [Ûkjkc vFkZ iw.kZr;k mlds o'k esa vkSj mldh n;k ij n;k fuHkZj] og rqEgsa Hkz"V fd;s fcuk jg
ugha yxk;k tkuk pkfg,A vr,o os dgrs gSa fd ;gk¡ jke dk vk'k; dsoy ;gh gks ldrk Fkk\ D;k bldh lEHkkouk gks ldrh gS\ ;g dBksj ç'u os djrs gSa % Þû fg
ldrk gS fd lhrk bu esa ls ,d dk p;u dj ys] tks mls Hkj.k&lÙkk ns lds] ftl Roka jko.kks%^ og dnkfi ,d o"kZ rd vius dks o'k esa ugha j[k ldrkA D;k ,slh
ls og mlds ikl tkdj bu esa ls ,d ds laj{k.k esa jg ldsA vr% Vhdkdkj dgrk lEHkkouk gks ldrh gS\ ;g dYiuk Hkh djuk dksjh cdokl gSA fQj ^Lox`g]* tc
gS] ßjke dk vfHkçk; ,slk gh dqN FkkAÞ* esjs fopkj esa Hkk"kk dks dksey cukus dh gj {k.k rqe mlds iwjs vf/kdkj esa gksAÞ /;ku nsus dh ckr gS fd lhrk ds vkpj.k
dksbZ vko';drk ughaA jke us tkucw> dj dBksj cuuk pkgrs FksA os cMÛs jks"k esa Fks] ds fo"k; esa v'kksdou dk vdkV; lk{; Jh jke dks iwoeZ os gh fey pqdk gSA muds
cMÛs vlar"q V FksA muds ân; esa ,d çdkj dh mf}Xurk FkhA blesa 'kd ugha fd os vius fo'oluh; nwr guqeku Lo;a vius us=ksa ls lhrk dks ns[kdj vk;s Fks vkSj ogk¡
lhrk ds pfj= ij lUnsg djrs FksA blhfy, os dgrs gS]a ßrqe ,d dyad ds lkFk dk fooj.k Jh jke dks lquk;k Fkk fd fdl çdkj mUgksua s jko.k vkSj mlds ç.k;
esjs ikl vk;h gks] eSa rqEgsa fdl çdkj xzg.k dj ldrk gw¡\ rqEgsa eSa iwjh vkTÛkknh lEcU/kh çLrkoksa mldh voKk dh FkhA os lnk gh jke uke dk cMÛh J¼k ls tki
nsrk gw¡A rqe esjs ;ksX; ugha gksAÞ tc dksbZ O;fDr Øks/k esa cksyrk gS] og dqN Hkh djrh jgrh FkhaA ßmu (Jh jke) dks esjs fo"k; esa crkuk] eSa fujUrj mUgha ds /;ku
cksy ldrk gSA ge lc tkurs gSa fd ,d Øq¼ O;fDr dqN Hkh vuki&'kuki cd esa yhu gw¡A esjs eu esa dksbZ vU; fopkj vkrk gh ughaA eSa dsoy mUgha ds fufeÙk
ldrk gSA jksTÛkejkZ ds thou ds D;k ge ugha ns[krs fd ,d eerke;h ek¡ viuh thfor gw¡A mUgsa crk nsuk fd eSua s jko.k ls ç.k fy;k gS fd og ,d o"kZ rd esjk
fç; iq=h ds ds'k mÙke ls mÙke rsy vkSj eqyk;e ls eqyk;e da?kh dk mi;ksx Li'kZ ugh djsxk] vkSj eSa vk'kk djrh gw¡ fd bl o"kZ dh iwfrZ ds iwoZ gh eq>s cpk
djds çfrfnu çkr% cMÛs ifjJe ls laokjrh gSA ds'kksa dks fnu çfrfnu c<Ûrs ns[kdj fy;k tk;sxkAÞ blfy;s] ;g ekuus dk dksbZ dkj.k ugha gS fd jko.k us mudk Li'kZ
cMÛs xoZ dk vuqHko djrh gSA cMÛs xoZ ds lkFk vius iMÛkfs l;ksa ls mudh ç'kalk fd;k gksxk A jko.k us mUgsa ,d o"kZ rd dh NwV nh gqbZ gS fd jko.k dks 'kki Fkk ;fn
djrh gSA D;k geus lquk ugha ,slh L=h Hkh Øks/kkos'k esa ;g dg nsrh gS] ßvkx yxs og fdlh L=h ds lkFk mldh bPNk ds fo#¼ cykRdkj djus dh ps"Vk djsxk] rks
rsjh bu yVksa es\a Þ ,slh ckrsa gekjs vuqHko ds ckgj ughaA tc ,d firk Øks/k esa gks] mldk flj QV dj VqdMÛ&s VqdMÛs gks tk;sxkA ;fn ;g Hkh eku fy;k tk;s fd jke
vFkok blh fcUnq ij gS fd Jh jke Hkh ,d ekrk dqfir gks ;k dksbZ ifr jks"k esa gks] dks bl ckr dh tkudkjh ugha Fkh] fdUrq ;g rks fuf'pr Fkk fd os guqeku }kjk lqu
ml le; Hkk"kk ds ç;ksx esa dksbZ e;kZnk ugha jgrh] ml ij dksbZ vad'q k ugha jgrkA pqds Fks fd mu jk{kfl;ksa }kjk f?kjh gqbZ lhrk fdl çdkj dk thou th jgh FkhA os
lEHkor% vki ;g lkspa ]s ßD;k bl çdkj dh ckrsa ge jke ij Hkh vkjksfir dj dsoy blh vk'kk esa th jgh Fkh fd jke mudk m¼kj djsxa s vkSj mudk cpko NwV
ldrs gS\a Þ ;fn vki eq>s le> ik;sa gS]a rks Li"V gksxk fd esjk iwjk vfHkçk;] dh vof/k dh lekfIr ls igys gh gks tk;sxkA ;s lc çek.k muds lkeus FksA fQj Hkh
ekuoh; O;fDr gh FksA tcos Øks/kkos'k esa gksrs Fks] rks ml le; muds eq¡g ls Hkh mUgksua s bl çdkj dh Hkk"kk dk ç;ksx fd;kA ckn esa tc vfXuijh{kk lekIr gks x;h]
ukle>h dh ckrsa fudy tkrh FkhaA tc os 'kksdlUrIr gksrs rks fcy[k&fcy[k dj cMÛs cMÛs nsorkvksa dh mifLFkfr es]a Lo;a vfXunso us çdV gksdj] oSngs h dks Jh jke
jksus yxrsA mudh ekuork dks lUnsg ughaA vr,o Hkk"kk dks dksey cukus dh dks le£ir dj fn;k ;g dgrs gq,] ß;g vkidh /keZiRuh lhrk gS] bls xzg.k djksA
vko';drk Hkh ughaA nsf[k, u] vkxs os D;k dgrs gS]a muds lqfuf'pr 'kCn ;s Fks % ;g ifo= gS] v{kj'k% ifo= gSA blus dksbZ iki ugha fd;k gSA blus ,slk dqN ugha
fd;k] ftls rqEgkjs çfr vifrozR; dgk tk ldsA jke] bls xzg.k djksAÞ os mudks
u fg Roka jko.kks n`"V~ok fnO;#ia euksjeke~A
e"kZ;sr fpja lhrs Lox`gs ifjoÆruhe~AA VI.118.24
lg"kZ Lohdkj dj ysrs gSAa ckrks&a ckrksa esa os ;g Hkh dgrs gS]a ßokLro esa eSua s lhrk ds
pfj= ij lUnsg ugha fd;k FkkA D;k eSa ugha tkurk Fkk fd og vius Lo;a ds
* xksfoanjkt dh fVIi.kh bl çdkj gS %
lrhRo dh Tokyk ls gh jko.k dks HkLekr~ dj ldrh Fkh] ;fn mlus cykRdkj dk
ßv= y{e.kknkS eu%dj.ka uke vukFkk;k j{kRosu rÙkn~x`gs orZue~A Hk=kZ ifjR;Drk;k% fL=;k
cU/kqx`gs oklfo/kkukr~A û L=h LokrU«;egZfr* bfr Le`rs% (euq- 5.148)A u Ro=kU;Fkk xzghrqa ;qDre~A
ç;Ru fd;k Hkh gksrk\ D;k eSa ;g ugha le>rk fd jko.k us vius çk.kksa dks gh ladV
egkiq#"ks.k rkn`'kksDR;ks;ksxkr~AAÞ esa Mky fn;k gksrk] ;fn mlus dksbZ dqp"s Vk dh gksrh\Þ ;s cMÛh&cMÛh ckrsa os ckn esa

dgrs jgs tc lhrk mudks loksPZ p çekf.kdrk ls lkSia nh xbZ FkhaA ;fn vki bu çdkj dh ijh{kk nsuh gksxh vFkok dksbZ çek.k çLrqr djuk gksxkA çek.k rks mUgksua s
ckn ds dFkuksa dks 'kr çfr'kr ekU;rk ns]a rks muds ml oDrO; es]a tc mUgksua s vius fy;s igys ls gh cuk fy;k Fkk vkSj mlh ds vuqlkj mudk vkpj.k Hkh FkkA
lpeqp lhrk dks vLohdkj fd;k Fkk] dqN dqfVyrk vkSj fu"Bqjrk dk vkjksi Hkh Jh lhrk dks nks"kh Bgjk dj mudks pys tkus dks dgk] tgk¡ dgha mudh bPNk gksA
jke ij yxkuk pkfg,A ;s nksuksa ckrsa ljljh n`f"V ls rks ijLij fojks/kh gS]a A ijUrq] mUgksua s ;g Hkh dgk] ßesjs fy, rqEgkjh dksbZ mi;ksfxrk ugha gS]Þ ftldk vk'k;
bldks lgh vFkks± esa le>kus dk rjhdÛk ;g gS fd jke MkokaMksy fLFkfr esa FksA vius yxHkx ,slk gh Fkk fd] ß;fn rqe ej Hkh tkvks] rks esjs fy;s dksbZ vUrj ugha
ân; dks VVksfy, vkSj dYiuk dhft;s fd ;fn vki ,slh ifjfLFkfr essa gksr]s rks D;k iMÛxs kA rqEgsa dqN Hkh gks tk;s] eq>s dqN eryc ughaAÞ ;g dgdj mUgksua s viuh
djrs\ vki Hkh my>u esa iMÛs gksrAs ,d vksj rks os ;g eglwl dj jgs Fks] tgk¡ rd lQÛkbZ Lo;a nsus ds fy;s fcYdqy lhrk ij NksMÛ fn;kA bl ckr ij viuh
lhrk dk lEcU/k gS] lc dqN Bhd gSA ml ij vHkæ ykUNu yxkuk vuqfpr gSA vçlékrk çdV djrs gq, os n`<Ûrkiwod Z dgrh gS fd ,d dqyhu ifr dks dqyhu
fdUrq] nwljh vkSj mudk /;ku vU; lEHkkoukvksa dh vksj Hkh x;kA mUgksua s jko.k iRuh ds çfr ,slh Hkk"kk dk ç;ksx 'kksHkk ugha nsrkA jko.k }kjk Li'kZ ds vkjksi dk ;g
dh vuSfrd nq"Vrk ds fo"k; esa lkspk] ftldk vUr%iqj nqfu;k Hkj ls ykbZ gqbZ dgrs gq, [kaMu djrh gS fd ml le; os ijo'k FkhaA os dgrh gSa %
fL=;ksa ls Hkjk gqvk FkkA ;g lksprs gq,] tc mudk /;ku ml lqUnjh dh vksj x;k] ;|ga xk=laLi'k± xrkfLe foo'kk çHkksA
tks muds lEeq[k [kMÛh Fkh] muds Øks/k us mUgsa vfHkHkwr dj fy;kA os bl çdkj dh dkedkjks u es r= nSoa r=kijk/;frAA VI.1198
}U}kRed Hkkoukvksa ds chp Mk¡okMksy FksA igys igy cnrj Hkkouk mHkj vkbZA os ßjko.k ds 'kjhj ls tks esjs bl 'kjhj dk Li'kZ gqvk] og esjh foo'krk FkhA eSua s
iw.kZr;k vfHkHkwr gks x, vkSj muds çHkko esa lhrk dk ?kksj vieku fd;k tks ,slk LosPNk ls ugha fd;k FkkA eSa fcYdqy vleFkZ Fkh] ;g esjs nqHkkZX; dk nks"k gSA
lgu'khyrk ls bu vk'k; ls ijs FkkA rRi'pkr~ yksd ds lEeq[k mudk ifjR;kx D;k ;g lc dqN vki le>rs ugha\ fQj Hkh vki eq>ls ,slh ckrsa dg jgs gS]a ekuks
dj fn;kA ;g ifjR;kx Fkk] blesa dksbZ lUnsg ughaA ijorhZ Hkh lPpk FkkA blesa dksbZ eSa ,d ,sjh&xÛjS h ukjh gw¡ vkSj vki ,d lk/kkj.k ifrAÞ
lUnsg ughaA ijorhZ iNrkok Hkh lPpk FkkA ikBd TÛkjk Lo;a dk ân; VVksyas vkSj lhrk dMÛs 'kCnksa esa mikyEHk mÙkj nsrs gq,] dgrh gSa %
vki Lo;a Hkh vfuf'pr gSa vkSj ckn esa tc lc dqN Bhd gks tk;s vkSj vkids pkjksa
vkSj yksx eqLdjkrs gq, gksa vkSj vki viuh ihB Hkh FkiFkikuk pkgs] vius vPNs u rFkkfLe egkckgks rFkk RoeoxPNflA
çR;;a xPN es ;su pkfj=s.kSo rs 'kisAA VI.119.6
vkpj.k ds fy;s] rc D;k vki ugha dgsxa ]s ß;g rks eSa igys ls gh tkurk FkkA esjh
ßvki eq>s tSlk le>rs gS]a oSlh ugha gw¡A eq> ij fo'okl dhft;sA eSa vius
vUrjkRek dgrh Fkh fd og ifo= gSA esjs lUnsg djus dk dksbZ dkj.k ugha Fkk\Þ
lnkpkj dh 'kiFk [kkdj dgrh gw¡ fd eSa lUnsg ;ksX; ugha gw¡AÞ os ,d vifrozrk
dgus dk vFkZ ;g gS fd igys udkjkRed Hkkouk dk çHkko gqvkA blds foijhr
L=h dh Hkk"kk ugha cksyrhaA
Hkkouk mHkjh] tc lw;Z vkyksfdr gks x;k dk çdk'k x;k vkSj leLr txr esa lc
dqN Bhd Bkd gks x;kA ,slk ekuus esa dksbZ diV Fkk nksuksa ckj gh os fu"diV FksA i`FkDL=h.kka çpkjs.k tkfra rka ifj'k³~dlsA
dsoy ,d le; os ,d çdkj dh Hkkouk ls çHkkfor Fks vkSj nwljs le; vU; çdkj ifjR;tseka 'k³~dka rq ;fn rs·ga ijhf{krkAA VI.119.7
dh Hkkouk ls çsfjrA blesa dqN Hkh vLokHkkfodrk ughaA bl Åijh vlaxfr dks ßfuEu Js.kh dh fL=;ksa ds vkpj.k ns[kdj ;fn vki lewph L=h tkfr ij gh
le>us dk dsoy ;gh rjhdÛk gSA okLro esa esjs eu esa dksbZ lUnsg ugha fd dfo dk lUnsg djrs gS]a ;g mfpr ughaA ;fn vkius eq>s vPNh çdkj ij[k fy;k gks] rks
vk'k; Hkh ;gh fn[kykus dk gS fd jke Hkh vU; euq";ksa ds leku gh FksA ,sls nk#.k bl lUnsg dks eu ls fudky nhft,AÞ
vkSj d"Vdj {k.kksa esa udkjkRed Hkkouk dk mu ij TÛkksj jgkA ijUrq ckn esa l'kDr mudh fdlh çdkj dh vuqe;&fou; dk Jh jke ij dksbZ çHkko ugha iMÛkA
çek.k feyus ij] tc dqN le; rd lkjh nqfu;k rqe ij myVk ?kwe dj dgus ;g ns[kdj fd muds vkÏfr ij fdlh çdkj dk yphykiu ugha vk;k] u gh
yxrh gS] ßvjs! rqeus fdrus cMÛs ew[kZ jgs gks]Þ rqe dgus yxrs gks] ßugha ugha] eSa dBksjrk esa fdlh çdkj dh deh vkbZ] os y{e.k dh vkSj mUeq[k gksdj dgrh gSa %
ew[kZ ugha Fkk] eSa rks vkjEHk ls gh ;g ckr tkurk FkkAÞ gesa ;g Hkh ugha Hkwyuk fprka esa dq: lkSfe=s O;luL;kL; Hks"kte~A
pkfg, fd ;|fi lhrk ds çfr çFke dFku esa gh bl çdkj ds dBksj euksHkko ,d feF;ksi/kkrksigrk ukga ftforqeRq lgsAA VI.119.18
ds ckn ,d çdV gq,] rFkkfi muesa ,slk dksbZ vkns'k ugha Fkk fd lhrk dks fdlh

ßvc esjs fy, vfXuijh{kk ds vfrfjDr dksbZ vkSj fodYi ugha gSA vfXu ;g çlax Hkh Jh jke ds ân;ifjorZu ds ckn dk gSA ;s lc ?kVuk ds ckn dh
çTTofyr djksA vc eq>s vfXu nsork gh 'kj.k nsxa As bl çdkj dh nqxfZ r dk dsoy gh ckrsa gSA tc ,d dk#f.kd ?kVuk ?kj pqdh Fkh] lhrk dk ân; ,d ckj uSjk';
;gh mipkj gS] ,dek= mipkj gSA esjs fy;s fprk rS;kj dj mls çTTofyr dj ls NViVk pqdk Fkk vkSj fQj lc dqN Bhd&Bkd gks x;k Fkk] rc fu'p; gh lc
nksA esjs bl nq%[k dk dsoy ;gh mipkj gSA feF;k dyad ls dyafdr gksdj eSa yksx bl ?kVuk dks ,d ldkjkRed n`f"V ls ns[kus ds fy;s mRlqd gS vkSj ;g dgus
thfor ugha jg ldrh] çekn 'kksd vkSj vrho Hk; ds dkj.kAÞ ds fy;s fd vc lc dqN Bhd Bkd gks x;k gS] ßfdlh ds çfr nqHkkZouk ugha j[kuh
dfo dgrk gS] ;|fi vkfn n'kZdx.k] y{e.k] foHkh"k.k] lqxhz o] guqeku] pkfg,A vo'; gh lc yksxksa dk ç;kstu vPNk gh jgk gksxkAÞ bl volj ij jke
'kk'or cqf¼ekuh ds vkxkj ½{kjkt] tkEcoar vkfn ij lékkVk Nk x;k] ij ds O;ogkj ds ewyk/kkj dks le>uk gksxkA lhrk ds çfr muds eu esa vikfrozR; dk
fojks/k esa ,d Hkh vkokTÛk u mBhA jke ds O;ogkj ds fo#¼ fdlh dks cksyus dh lUnsg vo'; FkkA pkgs ;g lUnsg fujk/kkj gh Fkk] ;g muds ân; esa dld jgk
fgEer u gqbAZ dfo ds ;s 'kCn gSa % FkkA
u fg jkea rnk df'pRdkykUrd;eksiee~A mÙkj dkaM ds lhrk ifjR;kx dh nwljh ?kVuk esa dksbZ Hkkjh vkSfpR; ugha FkkA
vuqur s eq Fkks oDrqa æ"Vqa okI;'kdRlqâr~AA VI.119.22 tks dqN Hkh gqvk] mldk dkj.k rks v;ks/;k dh çtk dk xyh&xfy;kjksa esa
ßml le; Jh jke çy;dkyhu lagkjdkjh ;ejkt ds leku lc yksxksa ds fuUnkRed feF;kiokn FkkA Jh jke ds ikl bl çdkj dh lwpuk;sa igq¡pha fd
eu esa Hk; mRiék dj jgs FksA mudk dksbZ Hkh fe= mUgsa le>kus vFkok dqN dgus v;ks?;k ds çtktu muds vkpj ij eqDr :i ls Vhdk&fVIi.kh dj jgs Fks vkSj
dk lkgl u dj ldkAÞ ,d&nwljs ls bl çdkj dh ckrsa dj jgs Fks %
çR;sd O;fDr us viuk eq¡g nwljh vksj eksMÛ fy;kA mUgksua s Jh jke ds psgjs Ük`.kq jktu~ ;Fkk ikSjk% dFk;fUr 'kqHkk'kqHke~A
dh vksj ns[kk rd ughaA muds psgjs dh vksj ns[kus rd ls os Mjrs Fks] lHkh dk¡ius pRokjki.kjF;klq ous"kwious"kq pAA VII.43.13
yxsA eSa vkidks igys gh crk pqdk gw¡] Jh jke viuh uSfrd loksPZ prk dh /kkd lqfu, jktu~! iqjoklh tu ckTÛkkj es]a lMÛdksa ij] ou&miouksa esa [kqydj
lkjh nqfu;k esa tek pqds FksA bldk çek.k Hkh gS fd os tks dqN pkgs]a dj ldrs FksA vkids fo"k; esa 'kqHkk'kqHk ckras djrs gSAa bu dk bruk lkgl gks x;k gS fd Jh jke
mudh vuqfpr ckr ds fojks/k esa fdlh dk dqN dgus dk lkgl ugha gksrk FkkA blh vkSj lhrk ds fo"k; esa ifjp;kZ djrs gq, os vkil esa dgrs gS]a ßmuds ân; esa
çdkj dh ckr fQj mÙkj dkaM esa Hkh gksrh gS] ftldk mYys[k eSa vHkh d:¡xkA ekuks lhrk&lgokl tfur lq[k dSlk yxrk gksxk] ftl lhrk dks jko.k us cyiwod Z xksn
;g çn£'kr djus ds fy;s fd tc ;g lEiw.kZ dk#f.kd n`'; [ksyk tk pqdk Fkk] esa mBk dj vigj.k fd;k Fkk vkSj og dqN le; rd jko.k ds ?kj esa Hkh jgh\Þ
rc bl ?kVuk ls lcds ân; d#.kkfoày gks pqds Fks vkSj lc yksx esy&feyki ds dhn`'ka ân;s rL; lhrklaHkksxta lq[ke~A
fy;s mRlqd FksA dfo dgrk gS]a nsorkvksa ds e/; muds firk o`¼ jktk n'kjFk Lo;a v³~dekjksI; rq iqjk jko.ksu cyk)`rke~AA VII.43.17
bUæyksd ls foeku }kjk e`R;qyksd esa vkdj n'kZu nsrs gSAa os jke ls ckrphr djrs ßrks Hkh Jh jke muls ?k`.kk D;ksa ugha djrs] muds lkFk os vkuUn dSls mBkrs
gSa vkSj fQj lhrk dh vksj mUeq[k gksrs gSAa lhrk dks ^csVh^ dgdj iqdkjrs gS]a u fd gS\a dy ;k ijlks]a ;fn gekjh fL=;k¡ Hkh nqjkpkj djs]a rks gesa Hkh fL=;ksa dh ,slh
îq=o/kAw * /khjs&/khjs e/kqjok.kh esa dgrs gSa (ekuks muds fy;s lQÛkbZ nsuk vko';d Fkk) % ckrsa lguh iMÛxas h D;ksfa d jktk tSlk djrk gS] çtk Hkh mldk vuqlj.k djus yxrh gSAÞ
dÙkZO;ks u rq oSngs h eU;qLRFkkxfeea çfrA vLekdefi nkjs"kq lguh;a Hkfo";frA
jkes.k Rof}'kq)îFkZ Ñresrf)rSf"k.kkAA VI.112-34 ;Fkk fg dq:rs jktk çtk reuqorZrAs A VII.43.19
ßrqEgsa Jh jke }kjk ifjR;Dr gksus ij vçlék ugha gksuk pkfg,] u gh mu ij ,oa cgqfo/kk okpks onfUr iqjokflu%A
Øq¼ gksuk pkfg,A os rqEgkjs fgrS"kh gSAa os rqEgkjk fgr djus ds fy, mRlqd FksA uxjs"kq p losZ"kq jkt´tuins"kq pAA VII.43.20
lalkj ds lkeus rqEgkjs pfj= dh ifo=rk Li"V djus ds fy;s gh muls ,slk ßpkgs vki uxjksa dh lMÛdksa ij tk;sa vFkok tuin ds nsgkrksa esa tk;sAa bl
dgyok;k x;k Fkk] dgha pyh tkvks] vc esjs fy;s rqEgkjk dksbZ mi;ksx ughaA bu çdkj dh cgqr&lh ckrsa iqjoklh dgrs gS]a Þ tc bu ckrksa dk fooj.k Jh jke dks
'kCnksa dks v{kj'k% u yks vkSj bl dkj.k jke ls vçlék u gksvksAÞ fn;k x;k] fuLlUnsg LokHkkfod Fkk fd os lksp esa iMÛ x;sA Hkkb;ksa ds le{k loZ=

QSys gq, viokn dh ppkZ djrs gq, os dgrs gS]a ßD;k ,slh csrd q h ckrsa fQj Hkh gks fda iqutZudkRetke~ VII.45.15
ldrh gS\ igys eq>s Hkh TÛkjk lk lUnsg gqvk Fkk] fdUrq lhrk rks vfXuijh{kk ns ßfQj lhrk dks R;kxuk dkSu&lh cMÛh ckr gS\Þ
pqdh gS]a tc lkjh nqfu;k ns[k jgh FkhA leLr nsorkx.k us mudh ifo=rk dks /;ku nsus dh ckr gS fd bl ØeLFkkiu esa lhrk dk D;k LFkku fu/kkZfjr
vkdj çekf.kr fd;k FkkAÞ fd;k x;k gSA ßeSa rqEgsa lekIr dj nw¡] Lo;a dks lekIr dj nw¡] vius uke dks
y³~dk}his egsUæs.k ee gLrs fuosf'krkA yksdkiokn ls cpkus gsrAq Þ lhrk\ mldk R;kx bruh cMÛh ckr ugha gS] ftruk fd
vUrjkRek p es osfÙk lhrka 'kq)ka ;'kkfLouhe~AA VII.45.10 Hkkb;ksa dk R;kx djukA D;ksfa d tSlk eSua s igys Hkh crk;k Fkk ml çkphudky esa
ßrHkh eSua s mudk xzg.k fd;k D;ksfa d lk{kkr~ nsojkt egsUæ us vkdj mudks ekU;rk Fkh fd ukjh dsoy ifr dh futh lEifÙk gS] ftl ij ifr dk iw.kZ vf/kdkj
esjs gkFkksa esa lkSia k Fkk (vfXunso ds ctk;] os vc egsUæ gks tkrs gS)a A esjh vUrjkRek FkkA ;g LokfeRo dh /kkj.kk nwj rd trh gSA ;fn jko.k tSls O;fDr }kjk mlds
Hkh ;'kLouh lhrk dks 'kq¼ le>rh gSA ,d usduke vkSj ,d cnuke esa cgqr çfr dksbZ vf'k"V O;ogkj fd;k x;k gS] vkSj mldk pfj= dyafdr gks x;k gS] rks
vUrj gSAÞ {kfr mldh ugha gqb]Z oju~ mlds ifr ds uke dh gqbZ gSA mldk uke fcxMÛ x;k]
ikjkSiokn% legkaLrFkk tuinL; pA mldh çfr"Bk pyh x;h] mldk dqy cnuke gks x;kA vr% mlds fy;s çfr'kks/k
vdhÆr;ZL; xh;rs yksds HkwrL; dL;fpr~AA ysuk vko';d gSA ;g iqjkuk er gSA (vusd lektksa esa ;g çFkk vc Hkh çpfyr
irR;sok/kekZYyksdku~ ;koPNCn% çdhR;ZrAs gS)A vkidks bl ckr dks Lohdkj djuk gksxk] tc ge bu iqjkuh dgkfu;ksa vkSj
vdhÆrfuZU|rs nso%S dhÆryksd Z "s kq iwT;rsAA VII.45.12,13 ohjxkFkkvksa ds lEcU/k esa ckr djrs gS]a tgk¡ b";kZ ;k lUnsg ds çHkko esa vusd
ßfdUrq] vc ;g egku yksdkiokn QSyus yxk gSA iqjokfl;ksa vkSj tuin ds t?kU; vijk/k dj fn;s tkrs gSAa bu yksxksa ds fo"k; esa dksbZ /kkj.kk cukrs le; gesa
yksxksa esa esjh cMÛh fuUnk gks jgh gSA blfy, eSa cgqr nq%[kh gw¡A ftl O;fDr dh ;g Lej.k j[kuk pkfg, fd ml le; ukjh ds LorU= vfLrRo dh ekU;rk ugha
vidh£r yksd esa ppkZ dk fo"k; cu tkrh gS] og v/ke yksdksa esa fxj tkrk gSAÞ FkhA ;g Li"V djus ds fy;s fd jke ds bl ifjfLFkfr esa O;ogkj dks lgh :i esa
Jh jke ds vuqlkj ;g ekuuk iMÛxs k fd ;fn dqN yksx ;g /kkj.kk cuk ysa le>us dk ;gh <ax gSA eSa ,d vU; egku dfo] dkfynkl dk lk{; çLrqr djrk
fd ,d O;fDr fo'ks"k dk vkpj.k nw"k.kh; gS vkSj mldh fuUnk djus yxs]a rks ,slk gw¡A ckr ,slh ugha fd eSa rqylhnkl dks okYehfd dh vis{kk vf/kd ekU;rk nsrk gw¡]
O;fDr udZokl djsxk& pkgs ;g U;k;iw.kZ gks vFkok vU;k;iw.kZA dfo bl fo"k; esa fdUrq dsoy bl n`f"V ls fd okYehfd dk bl lUnHkZ esa lgh vFkZ yxkus ds fy;s
dqN ugha dgrkA ,slk yxrk gS] blds fy;s dsoy ;gh i;kZIr gS fd dqN fxus pqus gekjk vk/kkj fo'oluh; gS D;ksfa d Lo;a dkfynkl tSlk egku O;k[;krk Hkh ,slk
yksxksa }kjk vki fufUnr fd;s tk;s]a pkgs os >wB gh vkids fo#¼ cnukeh QSyk jgs dgrk gS %
gksAa vkSj tc rd i`Foh ij mlds vi;'k dh ppkZ gksrh gS] rc rd og udZ esa gh fuf'pR; pkuU;fuo`fÙk okP;a R;kxsu iRU;k% ifjek"VqeZ PS Nr~A
iMÛk jgrk gSA ,sls yksx nsorkvksa }kjk Hkh ifjR;Dr gks tkrs gSAa nsorkx.k yksd esa ;g fuf'pr djds fd vius uke ij yxs bl dyad dks nwj djus dk dksbZ
vidh£r dh fuUnk vkSj dh£r dh ç'kalk djrs gSAa vU; mik; ugha Fkk] lhrk ifjR;kx ds vfrfjDr jke viuh ^vuU;o`fÙk*] çfr"Bk
dhR;Fk± rq lekjEHk% los"Z kka lqegkReuke~A vkSj egku [;kfr dks iqu% LFkkfir djuk pkgrs gSAa blds ckn dfo dh viuh
vI;ga thfora táka ;q"eku~ ok iq:"k"kZHkk%AA fVIi.kh bl çdkj gS %
vioknHk;köhr% fda iqutZudkRetke~A VII.45.14,15 vfi LonsgkfRdeqrfs Uæ;kFkkZ|'kks/kukuka fg ;'kks xjh;%A& j?kqoa'k] 14.35
ßleLr Js"B egkRekvksa dk lkjk 'kqHk vk;kstu mÙke dh£r dh LFkkiuk ds ß;'k dks gh /ku ekuus okyksa ds fy, ;'k vius 'kjhj ls Hkh c<Ûdj fç; gksrk
fy;s gh gksrk gS]Þ ;s 'kCn rhuksa Hkkb;ksa dks lEcksf/kr djds dgs x;sA tSls gh mUgksua s gS] fQj L=h vkfn Hkksx dh oLrqvksa dh rks ckr gh D;k!Þ
bu vioknksa dks lquk] Jh jke us mUgsa cqyk;kA os dgrs gS]a ßcU/kqvks!a eSa yksdfuUnk ;s {kf=; yksx] ftudk viuh e;kZnkvksa ds çfr Hkko cMÛk foy{k.k gksrk gS]
ls bruk Hk;Hkhr gw¡] ;fn vko';d gks] rks eSa vius çk.kksa dks vkSj rqe lcdks Hkh bldks vR;Ur Hkkouk&ç/kku lhek rd ys tkdj ,sls çns'k esa igq¡prs gS]a tgk¡
R;kx ldrk gw¡AÞ lk/kkj.k ekuo ds fy;s lk¡l ysuk Hkh dfBu gks tkrk gS] D;ksfa d {kf=; dk e;kZnk

dk Hkko cMÛs vthc <ax ls f[kapdj bruk lw{e gks tkrk gS fd og gekjh le> ds djrk gS] ftldks og cgqr egÙo nsrk gS] tks iwjs thou Hkj mlds Åij 'kklu
ckgj gksrk gSA mudk <ax gh ,slk gksrk gS] mudh /kkj.kk ,slh gksrh gS fd mudk djrh vkbZ gksA fdUrq] ,sls ladV ds le;] tc mldk okLrfod ewY;kadu gksrk gS]
lEiw.kZ /ku ;'k gh gSA muds fy, ;'k muds 'kjhj ls Hkh c<Ûdj gSA os lnk dgha Hkh ml rjktw esa rksyk tkrk gS] rks mldk vkfLrRo dsoy bfUæ;kFkZ rd jg tkrk gS&
tkdj ;q¼ ds fy;s rRij jgrs gSAa pkgs viuh çfr"Bk ds fy;s iwjh lsuk gh gks] ,d bfUæ;ksa dh r`fIr dk ,d lk/kuek= vkSj dqN ughaA vc jke vkns'k nsrs gSa fd lhrk
vdsyk ;ks¼k Hkh viuh e;kZnk ds fy;s çk;% mlls fHkMÛus dks ik;k tk ldrk gSA dks fu"dkflr fd;k tk;sA ;gk¡ jke dkQÛh fuEuLrj ij igq¡p tkrs gSAa bl ckj os
,sls vusd mnkgj.k gSAa jktiwr&pfj= vk[;kuksa esa çk;% dFkk;sa feyrh gSa fd fdl uhps ls uhps gh fxjrs x,A u dsoy viuh vkRek ds lk{; ds fo#¼ oju~ os lhrk
çdkj vusd ohjksa us nqnEZ ; ladVksa dk lkeuk] ,d ohj iq#"k ds :i esa viuk uke dks xqIr :i ls fuokZflr djus dks jkTÛkh gks tkrs gSAa os lhrk dks bldh Hkud Hkh
LFkkfir djus ds mís'; ls fd;kA muds fy;s ;g ,d vke ckr Fkh] tgk¡ iwjh dÛkeS ugha nsrAs os y{e.k dks mUgsa ou ys tkus dk vkns'k nsrs gSa D;ksfa d xHkZorh gksus ij
dks bl ijEijk ij f'kf{kr fd;k tkrk Fkk fd çfr"Bk] O;fDrxr 'kkS;Z vkSj ;q¼Hkwfe mUgksua s Lo;a gh ½f"k;ksa vkSj ½f"kikfRu;ksa ds lkfék/; esa ,d jkf= O;rhr djus dh
esa xkSjo dk vtZu djuk gh loksiZ fj gSA vkt Hkh iwjh nqfu;k esa os bls ohjrk ekurs vuqefr igys gh ek¡xh Fkh vkSj Jh jke Hkh blds fy;s viuh lgefr O;Dr dj
gSAa os rks bls vius lezkV fedkMks ds çfr ,d çdkj dh LokfeHkfDr le>rs gSAa pqds FksA os pqids ls y{e.k dks vkns'k nsrs gS]a ßtkrs le; lhrk dks rFkkdfFkr
;fn dksbZ tujy ;q¼ ;k dksbZ tkikuh gkj tkrk gS] lSfud gkj dj ihNs gVrk gS] dkj.k crykuk fd mudh bPNkiw£r ds fy;s mUgsa ou ys tk;k tk jgk gSA ijUrq
rks mldk ;g dk;Z fedkMks ds çfr ?kksj jktæksg le>k tkrk gSA fedkMks tkiku ogk¡ igq¡pus ij mudks ogha NksMÛ dj rqe okil ykSV vkukAÞ
dk lezkV gh ugha] çR;qr pUænsork ekuk tkrk gS] ,slk mudk fo'okl gSA blhfy;s vc eSa ,d jkspd fcUnq ij vk jgk gw¡A
;s vaxzstÛ xksjs vkSj vejhdh flikgh çk;% dgrs gSa] ß;s tkikuh vR;Ur Hk;adj yksx u pkfLeu~ çfroDrO;% lhrka çfr dFkapuAA VII.45.19
gSa D;ksfa d tc ladV dk le; gksrk gS] ge rks Hkkx mBrs gS]a fdUrq ;s yksx MVs jgrs os vius Hkkb;ksa rFkk vU; mifLFkrtu ls dgrs gS]a ßlhrk ds fo"k; esa rqEgsa
gSAa os ejus ds fy;s rRij jgsxa ]s ysfdu Hkkxsxa s ughaAÞ :l&tkiku ;q¼ dky dh eq> ls dksbZ ppkZ ugha djuk pkfg,] u gh fojks/k djuk pkfg,A eSua s lksp&fopkj
iksV&Z vkFkZj dh bl ?kVuk dk çk;% mYys[k fd;k tkrk gSA ,d le; ml cUnjxkg dj fu'p; fd;k gSAÞ
dks vo#¼ djuk vko';d le>k x;k] ftlls og ;q¼iksrksa dh ty;k=k ds fy;s bl çlax esa os iqu% cgqr ls 'kCnksa dk ç;ksx djds viuh ckr nksgjkrs gS]a tks
miyC/k u gks ldsA cUnjxkg dk vojks/ku dsoy rHkh lEHko gks ldrk Fkk] tc mUgksua s ,d 'kCn }kjk dgh Fkh *Ïrcqf¼uk]^ *uk= dk;kZ fopkj.kkA^ ladksp u djksA
nks cMÛs tgktÛkas dks ogk¡ Mqck fn;k tkrkA mudk Mwcuk Hkh lEHko ugha Fkk] tc rd
fd çR;sd tgktÛ esa lokj lkS O;fDr lc rS;kjh djus ds ckn Lo;a dks mu tgktÛkas vçhfrÆg ijk eáa Ro¸;srRçfrokfjrsAA VII.45.20
ds lkFk Mqckus dks rS;kj u gksA dgk tkrk gS fd ukSlus k/;{k us nks lkS okWykafV;jkas ßvc rqe tkvks] bl fo"k; esa dksbZ lksp&fopkj vFkok f>>d u djksA ;fn
dh ek¡x dh] fdUrq ik¡p gTÛkkj vkxs vk;sA mu lc us vius uke jDr ls fy[kdj rqe ;g dk;Z ugha djrs gks] ;fn esjs bl fu'p; esa rqeus dksbZ ck/kk Mkyh] rks eSa
viuh vuqefr çdV dhA ;g gS tkikfu;ksa ds 'kkS;Z dk ,d mnkgj.k! gekjh rqels vçlék gksÅ¡xk vkSj eq>s egku d"V gksxkAÞ
ohjxkFkkvksa esa Hkh gekjs jktiwr vkSj muds iwot
Z blh çdkj dh ckrksa ds fy, çfl¼ 'kkfirk p e;k ;w;a HkqtkH;ka thforsu pA VII.45.21
FksA muds fy;s rks eku&e;kZnk dh lqj{kk gh lc dqN FkkA dqN Hkh ,slk ugha gksrk os dgrs gS]a ßeSa rqEgsa vius pj.kksa vkSj thou dh 'kiFk fnykrk gw¡AÞ
Fkk] ftlls os ihNs gVrsA tc dksbZ euq"; viuk thou gh cfynku djus ds fy, pj.kksa dh 'kiFk fnykuk cMÛh fofp= ckr gSA bl çdkj dh 'kiFk ^jkek;.k^
rRij gks] rks mlds fy;s vkSj D;k 'ks"k jg tkrk gS\ lhrk rks dsoy dke&okluk esa nks ;k rhu LFkkuksa esa ikbZ tkrh gSA eSua s bl çdkj dk ç;ksx cgq/kk ugha ns[kk gS]
iw£r dk lk/ku ek= FkhaA tc dksbZ ;g lc dqN R;kxus ds fy, rS;kj gks] lpeqp ijUrq ;g ,sls ,sls çlaxksa esa feyrk gS] tgk¡ ,d T;s"B fdlh ,d NksVs ls dksbZ dk;Z
rhoz ekufld O;Fkk ls xzLr gks] fo"kkn ls vfHkHkwr gks] 'kfDrghu gks x;k gks] Li"V lEiék djus dks dgrk gS vkSj fdlh u fdlh dkj.k mls ,slk çrhr gksrk gS fd og
lksp&fopkj djus esa vleFkZ gks] ,slh ifjfLFkfr esa ml O;fDr dk euksHkko ,d O;fDr ml dk;Z ds çfr vfuPNqd gSA ,slh gh ifjfLFkfr Jh jke ds lkeus mifLFkr
L=h ds çfr dSlk gksxk\ ml L=h ds çfr] ftldk og cgqr vknj djrk gS] ftlls gksrh gS] ,d ckj] vj.; dkaM es]a tc y{e.k }kjk fo:fir dh xbZ 'kwi.Z k[kk vius
og çse djrk gS] tks mldks vR;Ur fç; gS] ftldks og <sjksa vkHkw"k.kksas ls lqlfTtr HkkbZ [kj ds ikl igq¡pdj lkjk o`ÙkkUr lqukrh gSA Jh jke }kjk [kj ds Hksts gq,

pkSng jk{klksa ds o/k ds i'pkr~ pkSng gtÛkj jk{klksa dh lsuk ysdj [kj vkSj nw"k.k dfu"B dks fnyk ldrk gSA eq>s yxk fd ;g ,d fofp= lh ckr gS] ftlds fo"k;
tuLFkku ls iapoVh esa Jh jke ds vkJe ds lehi igq¡pdj nksuksa Hkkb;ksa dks lhrk esa dqN Li"Vhdj.k ns nw¡A
lfgr ladV esa Mkyrs gSAa ml le; jke y{e.k lhrk lesr y{e.k dks xqQk esa eSa vc ,d çpaM ekuoh; Hkkokos'k ds lEcU/k esa ppkZ dj jgk gw¡A mu
pys tkus vkSj /kuq"k ysdj rS;kj ogha Bgjus dks dgrs gSAa os y{e.k ls dgrs gS]a leLr Hkkoukvksa es]a tks laons u'khy euq";ksa ds ân;ksa dks >d>ksj nsrh gS vkSj
ßij rqe ckgj er fudyukA eq>s vdsys gh bu lcls fuiVus nksA eSua s çfrKk dh ftlds çHkko esa euq"; Lo;a dks Hkwy dj] mlds vkns'k esa ikyu esa os i'kqor
gS fd eSa buesa ls ,d&,d dk thou lekIr dj nw¡xkA ;g xkSjo esa fdlh vU; ds vkpj.k djrs gS]a bZ";kZ fuÏ"Vre gSA fo'ks"kdj ml ifjfLFkfr es]a tgk¡ euq"; dh
lkFk ck¡Vuk ugha pkgrkAÞ iRuh dh lPpfj=rk dk ç'u gksrk gS vkSj og lUnsg djrk gS fd dqN vuSfrd
rLekn~xg` hRok oSngs ha 'kjikf.k/kZu/q kZj%A gqvk gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa og lc e;kZnk Hkwy tkrk gSA fdlh çdkj dh ekU;rk,¡ vkSj
xqgkekJ; 'kSyL; nqxk± ikniladqyke~AA III.24.12 fo'okl mls jksd ugha ldrs] mldks çfr'kks/k dh pje dk;Zokgh djus lsA bZ";k
ßrqe /kuq"k&ck.k /kkj.k djds lhrk dks lkFk ysdj ioZr dh ml xqQk esa pys euq";ksa esa lcls cqjk fpÙk {kksHk gSA ;g lcls fuÏ"V gksrh gSA tc euq"; esa fo'kq¼
tkvks] tks o`{kksa ls vkPNkfnr gSAÞ egkurk gksrh gS vkSj og mPpoa'k ls gksrk gS] tc mls LoHkkor% viuh çfr"Bk dh
'kkfirks ee iknkH;ka xE;rka oRl ek fpje~AA III.24.13 ijokg vf/kd gksrh gS] tc og viuh iRuh dks ,d lqUnjh ds :i esa ns[krk gS] tks
ßrqe esjs bl opu ds çfrdwy dqN dgks ;k djks] ;g eSa ugha pkgrkA eSa ;|fi lk/oh gS] fQj Hkh lEHkor% nwljksa }kjk vfHkyf"kr gks ldrh gSA ,slh
vius pj.kksa dh 'kiFk fnykdj dgrk gw¡A 'kh?kz pys tkvksAÞ ifjfLFkfr esa ,d lh/kk&lPpk dqyhu iq#"k Hkh vR;Ur mRdV dk;Zokgh ij mrk:
gks tkrk gSA Jh jke us blh çdkj dh bZ";kZ ds çHkko esa vkdj lhrk ds ifjR;kx dk
,d vU; çlax fdf"dU/kk dkaM dk gSA lqxhz o Jh jke ls ckfy ds lkFk vius
fu.kZ; fy;k vkSj muls dg fn;k] ßesjs fy, rqEgkjk dksbZ mi;ksx ugha gSA rqEgkjs
oSj dk dkj.k crykrk gSA ek;koh ds lkFk vius oSj dk dkj.k crykrk gSA ek;koh
lkFk dqN Hkh gks mlls esjk dksbZ ç;kstu ugha gSA rqEgkjs vkpj.k dh dksbZ ij[k eSa
uked ,d nkuo Fkk] tks nqUnqfHk jkr ds le; fdf"dU/kkiqjh ds njoktsÛ ij vkdj
ugha d:¡xkA esjk rqEgkjs çfr dksbZ mÙkjnkf;Ro ugha gksxkA i`Foh dh pkjksa fn'kk;sa
ckfy dks ;q¼ ds fy;s yydkjus yxkA tc mlus ckfy vkSj lqxhz o dks ns[kk] Hkkx
rqEgkjs fy, [kqyh gSAa tgk¡ Hkh tkuk pkgks] tk ldrh gksAÞ tc mUgksua s ;s 'kCn dgs]
fudyk vkSj /kjrh ds ,d fcy esa ?kql x;kA rc ckfy vius NksVs HkkbZ lqxhz o ls bl
oLrqr% mudk vfHkçk; ;gh FkkA ,d vR;Ur mnkÙk O;fDr] ,d ,slk O;fDr] tks
çdkj cksyk %
viuh çfr"Bk dh vR;f/kd ijokg djrk gS] vkRelEeku ftl O;fDr esa loksRZ Ï"V
bg Roa fr"B lqxzho fcy}kfj lekfgr%A çdkj dk gksrk gS] ,d ,slk O;fDr] tc viuh iRuh ds çfr ,slh Hkkoukvksa vkSj
;kon= çfo';kga fugfUe lglk fjiqe~AA IV.9.13
lUnsgksa ds chp vUr}ZU} ls xzLr gksrk gS] og cqjs ls cqjs dke djus esa Hkh l{ke gks
ßtc rd eSa bl fcy ds Hkhrj ços'k djds ;q¼ esa 'k=q nqUnqfHk dks ekjrk gw¡]
tkrk gSA
rc rd rqe blds }kj ij lko/kkuh ls [kMÛs jgks] ;gk¡ ls fgyuk ughaA eq>s vdsys
;g vk'p;Z dh ckr gS fdl çdkj dfo;ksa us yxHkx ,d gh çdkj ls fo"k;
gh tkus nksAÞ
bZ";kZ ds fo"k; dk fu:i.k fd;k gS] tcfd os bl Hkkouk ds fodkl dk fo'ys"k.k
e;k Rosr}p% JqRok ;kfpr% l ijari%A djrs gS]a bldk vè;;u djrs gS]a dSls ;g fdlh O;fDr dh vUrjkRek dks Hkz"V
'kkif;Rok p eka iö~îka çfoos'k fcya egr~AA IV.9.14 djrh gqbZ dÛne&dÛne vkxs c<Ûrh gSA ;gk¡ rd dh ml vUrjkRek esa dqfRlr
ß;g ckr lqudj eSua s ckfy ls Lo;a Hkh lkFk pyus ds fy;s çkFkZuk dhA fopkjksa dk tUe gksrk gS vkSj vUrr% bu fopkjksa ls "kM~;U= rS;kj gksdj dkyh
fdUrq] os vius pj.kksa dh lkSxU/k fnyk dj vdsys gh fcy esa ?kql x,AÞ djrwrksa dk :i ys ysrs gSAa bl bZ";kZ dk ;g Øfed fodkl ekuo ân; esa loZ=
;|fi ;g pj.kksa dh 'kiFk dh ckr dqN vthc yxrh gS] rFkkfir esjs fopkj ,d lk gh gksrk gS vkSj bldk fu:i.k djus esa egku dfo;ksa us dsoy ,d ls gh
esa bldk dkj.k gSµ ,d T;s"B ds pj.k ueLdkj djrs le; ,d dfu"B ds gkFk Hkko çn£'kr fd;s gSa] vfirq mudh Hkk"kk rd esa ,d:irk gSA vc eSa vkidks
rFkk eLrd }kjk çk;% Li'kZ fd;s tkrs gSAa vr,o] T;s"B ds pj.k dfu"B ds fy;s nq%[kkUr ukVdksa ds ,d vU; /khjkfr/khj ik= ds euksHkko fn[kkuk pkgrk gw¡A blls
cgqr vknj vkSj J¼k dh oLrq gksrs gSAa vr% bl çdkj dh 'kiFk dsoy T;s"B dh dksbZ vUrj ugha ;fn og ik'pkR; dk vkSj vaxTsz Ûkh lkfgR; dk gSA lc mRÏ"V

lkfgR; ekuoh; lkfgR; gS vkSj lEiw.kZ ekuo tkfr dh lEifÙk gSAa vius lqçfl¼ dWfLlvks ds d{k esa NksMÛ nw¡xkA fQj bZ";kZ ds fo"k; esa cksyrs gq, og Loxr dgrk
egku ukVd ÞvkWFksyks (Othello) esa ukVddkj 'ksDlih;j (Shakespeare) us bl gS %
bZ";kZ ds euksfodkj dks blds fuÏ"Vre Lo:i esa fpf=r fd;k gSA dfo ;g n'kkZrk r`.kçk; ux.; rF;
gS fd fdl çdkj bZ";kZ vkWFksyks ds egku pfj= dks Hkh foÏr djrh gS vkSj v|ksxr ok;q le Hkkj ghu
rd igq¡pk nsrh gSA og ,d fo'kky ân; O;fDr Fkk] ;q¼ Hkwfe dk 'kwjohj Fkk] fd cu tkrs ifjiq"V çek.k
og 'kadkyq LoHkko ls lkekU;r% eqDr FkkA bl ukVd dk dFkkud cgqr la{ksi esa osn&okD; le xzká
;gk¡ fn;k tkrk gS % 'kadk'khy gks ;fn balku (vkWFksyks] III.iii.322-41)
gC'kh vkWFksyks (Othello) osful (Venice) ds M~;d w (Duke) dk lsukifr FkkA tc ge bl egkdkO; esa bZ";kZ tSls mRdV euksoxs ij ppkZ djrs gS]a ftl
mlds mnkÙk pfj= vkSj ijkØe ls vkd£"kr gksdj MWLMseksuk (Desdemona) us çdkj mls dfo okYehfd us çLrqr fd;k gS] rks ;g mi;ksxh vkSj ykHkdj gksxk]
mlls fookg fd;k FkkA bvkxks (Iago) lsuk esa ,d /otokgd FkkA vkWFksyks us ekuo vkWFksyks tSls ,d vU; egku pfj= ds thou esa Hkh dqN blh çdkj dh
mldh vis{kk dj dWfLlvks (Cassio) dks inksékr dj fn;k FkkA ,d vfHk;ku ds ?kVuk;sa dSls ?kfVr gqbZ FkhaA blds vkxs tks bvkxks dgrk gS] og Jh jke ij Hkh ykxw
fy;s vkWFksyks dks lk;çl (Cyprus) tkus dk vkns'k feykA vkWFksyks us bvkxks dh gksrk gSA vkWFksyks ds ikl dqN rks Fkk vk/kkj lUnsg ds fy,] ,d :eky rks FkkA
iRuh ,fefyvk (Emilia) dks MWLMseksuk dh ifjpkfjdk fu;qDr dj fn;kA }s"k ds mlus dqN lquk Fkk] dqN ns[kk Hkh FkkA jke ds ikl rks ,slk dqN Hkh ugha FkkA vf/kd
dkj.k bvkxks dkWfLevk vkSj vkWFksyks ds fo#¼ ,d nqgjk "kM~;=a jprk gSA ,d ls vf/kd os ;gh dg lds Fks] ßrqe fnO;:ik lqUnjh gks vkSj jko.k ,d nq"V gSA
vksj rks dWfLlvks dks MWLMseksuk ls feyokdj vkWFksyks ds eu esa viuh iRuh ds çfr tcfd rqe iw.kZr;k mlds o'k esa Fkha] rc dSls lEHko gS] lc dqN lkekU; jgk gks\Þ
lUnsg mRiék djk nsrk gS] vkSj nwljh vksj MWLMseksuk dk :eky] tks mls vkWFksyks ls blls vf/kd muds ikl dqN dgus dks Fkk gh ugha] dsoy ,d çdkj dh udkjkRed
çFke migkj Lo:i feyk Fkk] dWfLlvks ds d{k esa Nqik nsrk gSA tc vkWFksyks bvkxks 'kadk'khy eukso`fÙk vkWFksyks dks y{; djds bvkxks vkxs dgrk gS %
ls MWLMseksuk ds fo#¼ çek.k ek¡xrk gS] rks og mls :eky ds ckjs esa crkrk gSA
gkfudj mMÛkusa dYiuk dh çÑR;k fo"kDr
vkWFksyks] çfr'kks/k dh Hkkouk ls] bvkxks ls dWfLlvks dks ejok Mkyus dk vkns'k nsrk vkjEHk esa yxrk ugha Lokn mudk vfç;
gS vkSj mls dWfLlvks ds in ij fu;qDr dj nsrk gSA vkWFksyks us tc MWLMseksuk ls jDr esa igqp ¡ s tc FkksMÛk Hkh çHkko
og :eky ek¡xk] rks og mldks [kksus dk Li"Vhdj.k u dj ldhA bvkxks vius xa/kd [kku le Mkysa tykA (vkWFksyks] II.iii-3 26-9)
diV ls vkWFksyks ds eu esa Hkkjh bZ";kZ vkSj lUnsg mRiék dj nsrk gSA vkWFksyks lcds
vfUre le; ij tc lc dqN lekIr gks x;k Fkk] MWLMseksuk dk xyk ?kksVa k
lkeus MWLMseksuk ij gkFk mBk nsrk gS vkSj mldk vieku djrk gSA ,fefyvk
tk pqdk Fkk vkSj mlds çk.k i[ks# mMÛ pqds Fks] jgL; [kqy pqds Fks] ;FkkFkZ çR;{k
viuh ekyfdu ds pfj= ds ckjs esa fo'okl fnykus dk Hkjld ç;Ru djrh gS]
:i esa lkeus vk pqdk FkkA ml le; yksMksfodks (Lodovico) Hkh] tks osful ls
ijUrq vkWFksyks dqN lquus dks rS;kj ughaA ,d jkr vkWFksyks viuh iRuh ds 'k;ux`g
M~;d w dks ysdj vk;k gqvk Fkk] ogk¡ ?kk;y dWfLlvks ds lkFk bvkxks dks cUnh ysdj
esa tkdj mldk xyk ?kksVa nsrk gSA tc bvkxks ogk¡ igq¡prk gS] rks ,fefyvk mldh
cukdj ?kVukLFky ij igq¡prk gS vkSj ej.kklék vkWFksyks ls iwNrk gS] ßvkWFksyks] rqe
uhprk dk ijnkQÛk'k dj nsrh gSA bvkxks mls Nqjk ?kksia nsrk gSA ejrs&ejrs Hkh
rks tks brus lq'khy Fks] bl udZ ;ksX; nklh ds "kM~;U= esa Q¡l x;s] fdl çdkj\
,fefyvk MWLMseksuk dh funks"Z krk çfrikfnr djrh gSA tc lc jgL; [kqy tkrk gS]
nqfu;k rqEgkjs fy;s D;k dgsxh\Þ lqfu, mÙkj! fdruk lR;] fdruk LokHkkfod]
rks 'kksd ls ikxy vkWFksyks vius lhus esa [Ûkta j ?kksia ysrk gSA
fdruk gw&cgw&ln`'k jke ds dFku dsA
fuEufyf[kr m¼j.k bvkxks ds Loxr Hkk"k.k ls gSA bvkxks us vkWFksyks ds
ân; ls f[kyokMÛ fd;k] mlesa lUnsg dk fo"k Hkjk] vusd Ny&diV ls ml Hkkouk dg nks dqN Hkh eq>dks
dks iq"V fd;k] fQj mldh Tokyk dks gok nh] vkSj vc mlh vfXu us [Ûkcw HkMÛd lEekU; gR;kjk Hkh ;fn pkgks
dj bruk çpUM :i /kkj.k dj fy;k fd og lc fdlh dks HkLelkr djus ij ?k`.kk o'k ugha fd;k dqN Hkh eSaus
mrk: gSA bZvkxks viuh iRuh ls vkWFksyks dk :eku Nhu dj dgrk gSA eSa bls e;kZnk&j{kk gsrq cl dsoyA (vkWFksyks] V.ii. 293-5)

ßpkgs tks dqN Hkh dg ldrs gS]a ;fn pkgsa rks ^,d lEekU; gR;kjk* dg çR;{k lk{; ds çfr Hkh og gekjh vk¡[kksa ij iêh ck¡/k nsrh gSA gesa uj ls i'kq cuk
ldrs gSAa tks dqN Hkh eSua s fd;k] og dnkfi ?k`.kk ls çsfjr gksdj ugha fd;kA dsoy nsrh gSA gk¡] ;s lc foÏfr;k¡ ekuo çÏfr esa vk tkrh gSAa ,d egku pfj=] ftldk
e;kZnk ds fy;s fd;kAÞ mYys[k eSa d:¡xk] og gS Vsfulu (Tennyson) dh dkO;Ïfr ('King Arthur of the
vUr es]a fcYdqy vUr esa fonk ysrs gq, u dsoy yksMksfodks ls] vfirq lcls] Round Table') dk uk;dA og futh e;kZnk vkSj 'kkS;Z dk çrhd FkkA mldh
nqfu;k tgku ls] ekuks nqfu;k dks trkrs gq, bZ";kZ vkSj 'kadk }kjk Ïr fouk'k ds ijksidkfjrk dh [;kfr nwj&nwj rd QSyk gqbZ FkhA og lkoZHkkSfed çse ls vksr çksr
çfr vkWFksyks yksMksfodks dks lEcksf/kr djrk gS] ßtc rqe bu v'kqHk ?kVukvksa dk FkkA }s"k vkSj ?k`.kk ls loZFkk jfgr FkkA ladV xzLrksa dh lgk;rk ds fy;s lnSo rRij
mYys[k M~;d w dks Hkstks] rks ml le; % jgrk Fkk] fdUrq nqjkpkfj;ksa dks naM nsus esa dBksj Hkh FkkA oLrqr% og bu lc xq.kksa
dk iqta FkkA mlus ;ks¼kvksa ds ,d la?k dh LFkkiuk Hkh dh] bl mís'; ls fd baXySMa
tSlk gw¡ oSlk dgks] ys'kek= er deh djks
u gh nqHkkZo ls gks çsfjr çfr esjsA
fuÏ"V çdkj ds taxyhiu vkSj ccZjrk ls mHkj dj ,d ,slk ns'k cu tk;s] tgk¡
'kk;n dgksxs rqe ^çse fd;k rks p<Û&c<Û dj] mPp vkn'kks± dk cksy ckyk gks vkSj mPpdksfV dh laLÏfr LFkkfir dh tk ldsA ,sls
jgk foosd dk ij mlesa vHkko ghA Fks] fçUl vkFkZjA yksxksa dh ekU;rk Fkh fd muds tUe esa ,d vykSfdd rÙo dk
;|fi ugha lgt bZ";kZ luq Fkk og lekos'k FkkA ;g mUgsa Lo;a Jh jke ds dkQÛh lehi yk nsrk gS] ftudk tUe Hkh
vR;qÙksftr gks efr Hkz"V gqvk og dnkfpr~ vykSfdd gh ekuk tkrk gSA fçUl vkFkZj ds fo"k; esa ,slk ekuk tkrk gS
v/ke O;fDr dh ukb± fd muds thou dk loksPZ p y{;] mudk lc dqN djk /kjk dk;Z] u"V gks x;k]
fQj Qsad fn;k ftlds gLr us ,d vfr lw{e fo"k ds dkj.k] tks lEiw.kZ jkT; esa QSy x;kA og fo"k Fkk mldh
bl vkofjr eksrh dks iRuh xqbuhfo;s (Guinevere) dh nq"pfj=rkA og dFkk lkfgR; dh ,d çfl¼
ewY;oku vR;f/kd lEiw.kZ oa'k ls Fkk tks] lqUnjh gS] ftlus vuSfrd lEcU/k FkkA ykUlykSV (Lancelot) ds lkFk] tks vkFkZj
vkæZrk dks ;|fi vH;Lr ugha] ds ckn jkmUM Vsfcy (Round Table) la?k dk lcls çfl¼ lnL; Fkk] cy vkSj
>qdh >qdh mldh vk¡[ksa ijkØe esa dnkfpr~~ vkFkZj ls Hkh vf/kdA ijUrq mlds vkSj xqbuhfo;s ds e/; ,d
vJq cgkrh Vi&Vi laRojk v"k% xqIr çse lEcU/k mitk] tks vuSfrdrk dh ijkdk"Bk rd igq¡pk fn;k x;k Fkk vkSj
tSls Vidk, xksan dksbZ o`{k ccwyA (vkWFksyks] V.ii.342-351) tks dkj.k cuk] dfo ds 'kCnksa es]a "Red ruin and breaking up of laws" (Guinevere,
egku ;ks¼k] vkWFksyks ,d dBksj O;fDr Fkk] ftlus ;|fi vius pkjksa vksj 423) jDrjaftr fouk'k rFkk dkuwu vkSj O;oLFkk dk frrj&fcrj gksus dk] ,oa
vufxur fxjrs gq, O;fDr;ksa dks ns[kk Fkk] rFkkfi og dHkh Hkh çHkkfor ugha gqvk] egku jkmUM Vsfcy ds fo?kVu dk ,d egku 'kkS;iZ .w kZ thou dk lekIr gksuk iMÛk]
Hkko'kwU; jgkA ,slk iRFkj ds leku osnuk'kwU; euq"; dgrk gS] ßeSa vius thou esa cnukeh vkSj frjLdkj esa D;ksfa d ftl egku dk;Z dks djus dk chMÛk mBk;k x;k
dHkh ugha jks;k] eSa tkurk rd ugha fd vk¡lw dSls gksrs gSAa Þ Fkk] og v/kwjk gh jg x;kA tc xqbuhfo;s dks vglkl gqvk dh mlus vius ifr ds
---ftldh lnk fu;a=.k esa jgus okyh vk¡[ksa lRdk;Z dks pkSiV dj fn;k] og i'pkrki dh Hkkouk ls vuqrIr gksdj ,d
;|fi æohHkwr euksn'kk ls loZFkk vfifjfpr Fkha] eBokfluh gks tkrh gSA mUgha fnuksa fçUl vkFkZj vius ,d vR;Ur ?keklku
os vc csjksd vk¡lw fxjh gSa] jDrikriw.kZ ;q¼ ls ykSVkA mls yxk fd mldk vfUre le; vk igq¡pk gSA ;|fi
tSls ccwy ds o`{k ls og ?kkrd :i ls ?kk;y Fkk] fdUrq og ml L=h vfUre ckj feys fcuk] bl lalkj
ls fonk ysuk ugha pkgrk Fkk] ftlus mlds lc dke dks pkSiV dj fn;k Fkk] tks
fujUrj xksan fudyk djrk gSA
mlds thou dk y{; FkkA og ml L=h ls feyus vkSj vfUre fonk ysus dh bPNk
vc eSa ekuo LoHkko dk mijksDr ls myVk igyw fn[kkuk pkgrk gw¡A geus ls bl eB esa igq¡prk gSA bl vfUre n`'; esa dfo viuh loksRZ Ï"V dyk çn£'kr
vHkh&vHkh ns[kk fd bZ";kZ fdl çdkj ekuo çÏfr dks Hkz"V djrh gS] ftlds çHkko djrk gSA vkFkZj elhgh /keZ dk ,d lPpk vuq;k;h FkkA viuh iRuh dh dksbZ dBksj
esa gesa ,slh phTÛkas Hkh fn[kkbZ nsus yxrh gS]a ftudk dksbZ vfLrRo Hkh ugha gksrkA vkykspuk djus ds ctk; dsoy bruk Hkj gh mlls dgrk gS fd mlus cMÛk iki

fd;k gSA ijUrq jke vkSj vkWFksyks ds vkpj.k ds foijhr og mldks {keknku nsus dk u;u dVk{k dj fu"Bk gjs lqân tu dh]
ç;kl djrk gSA mlessa ;fn dksbZ bZ";kZ gksxh Hkh] rks dsoy cht :i esa gh jgh gksxhA fopfyr dj] fodkj >d>ksjs]
vc gekjk fo'okl gS og Hkh lekIr gks xbZ FkhA ;g vR;Ur gh vlkekU; ckr gSA vk/ks r:.kks dks rks djs fo"kkDrA
esjs fopkj ls ;FkkFkZ thou esa ,sls mnkgj.k vR;Ur nqyHZ k gSAa ,d O;fDr tks bZ";kZ 'kkludrkZ ;fn ifr gks mldk]
ds o'khHkwr gS] ftldh iRuh us fo'okl?kkr fd;k gS] og 'kk;n gh mldks {kek djs] rks cnrj mlls gksxk dkSu\
tc rd fd og bruk fxjk gqvk iq#"k ugha gks] tks viuh iRuh ds dyad ls vPNk blls pkSiV pwYgk vkSj O;fFkr&ân; jktk]
ykHkkfUor gksuk pkgrk gksA ,sls Hkh dqN yksx gksrs gSAa lkekU;r% ,d vkRelEeku fd vius vkyksfdr vklu ij fQj ls vk cSBs rw]
okys O;fDr dks dnkfi ,slh ckr vPNh ugha yxrhA fçUl vkFkZj lkekU; O;fDr ls esjh çtk cus migkl ik=] fQj cus foukf'kuh mudhAÞ
dgha vf/kd Å¡pk Fkk vkSj tSls eSua s igys crk;k gS] mlesa dqN fnO; va'k dk bruk dg og :dk
lekos'k FkkA ,sls gh O;fDr ds fy;s lEHko gks ldrk Fkk fd og ,slh Hkk"kk dk ç;ksx bl chp ljd vkbZ og dqN fudV
vkSj idMÛ fy, ifr ds pj.kA
djs] tks lkekU;r% euq"; tkfr dh igq¡p ls yxHkx ckgj çrhr gksrh gSA dfork dk
nwj dgha rw;Zukn gqvkA
;g va'k] ftlesa bl çlax dk mYys[k gS dqN yEck gS] dnkfpr~~ cgqr ls yksx
}kj ikl çrh{kkjr] ;q) v'o fQj fgufguk;k]
mlls ifjfpr Hkh gksxa As ijUrq ;g lkspuk furkUr Hkwy gS fd ;fn fdlh ys[kka'k ls
dksbZ lqân Loj lqu ekuks] vkSj fQj og ,sls cksyk %
ge lqifjfpr gksa Hkh] rks mlds i<Ûus ls dksbZ ykHk ughaA ,d ys[kka'k ftldk vk'k;
ßvijk/k mNkyus dks rsjs eSa vk;k] ,slk er ekuks]
xw<Û gks] ftldh jpuk lqUnj vkSj eeZLi'khZ Hkk"kk esa gks] ,sls ys[kka'k ls iw.kZ:i ls
uk gh xqbuhoh,] f/kDdkj lqukus eSa vk;kA
ifjfpr gks tk;¡] ,slk dHkh dgk ugha tk ldrkA ;fn dksbZ m¼j.k vkidks daBLFk Lo.kkZHk tks 'kh'k rsjk
gS] rks ;g ,d vPNh ckr gSA mldh vko`fÙk dj ldrs gSAa D;ksfa d dHkh Hkh Lo;a gh vPNs fnu Fks tc Fkk xoZ esjk
mu iwjh iafDr;ksa dks vki ftruh ckj i<sÛa] pkgs ftruh ckj nksgjk;s]a çR;sd ckj vius pj.kksa esa vc ns[k mls
vkidks ,d mRFkkiu dh vuqHkwfr gksxhA ;fn vki fcYdqy x;s xqTÛkj ugha gS]a rks Hkjh d:.kk fo'kky ;g dgrh gS %
fu'pr gh ml m¼j.k dks i<Ûus ds ckn igys dh vis{kk csgrj euq"; gks x, gksxa As og jks"k ej gh D;ksa u x;k blls igysA
;s iafDr;k¡ fçUl vkFkZj dk xqbuhfo;s dks lEcks/ku gS] tc og {kek ;kpuk og jks"k fd;k Fkk ck/; ftlus
ds fy;s mlds iSjksa esa iMÛrh gSA ml ?kksj fo/kku dks vkSj euksHkkoksa dks esjs
ßI;kj vius Lokeh ds çfr fuHkk u ikbZ ;|fi fo'okl?kkr dk gS ftlesa fo/kku&o'k çTTofyr fouk'k
rqEgsa fclkj fn;k Lokeh us HkhA ¼irk pyk Fkk loZçFke tc] Nqih gqbZ gks rqe ;gk¡½
ugha cuk gw¡ ,slh dPph /kkrq dk eS]a og jks"k rks vc vrhr gqvkA
daVufdrk frfj;! dSls viuk ikÅ¡ rq>s\ ,d d+ld mBh Fkh tc rksyk Fkk eSaus
lcls cMÛk yksd'k=q ekuw¡ eSa mldks] rsjs ân; dks ml ân; ls]
LokFkZo'k ;k lUrkuksa ds dkj.k] Fkk iw.kZr;k tks fu"Bkoku]
yksd fuUnk vi;'k ls cpus] tkucw> tks] diV Fkk ftlesa dYiukrhr]
ifrrk iRuh dks iqu% x`gs LFkkfir djrkA tyk Mkyk Fkk rc vJqvksa us eq>dks
mldh dk;jrk ds dkj.k iqu% og ihMÛk Hkh vc gqbZ vrhr va'kr%A
çfrf"Brk loZ= ifo= og fQj dgyk;s] og lc dqN vc vrhr gqvk] ikikpkj tks gqvk]
vn`"V iwoZ] vuuqHkwr jksx le lks yks] {keknku nsrk rqedks]
jsaxs [kqys vke] tu lewg eè; og] lR; lukru çHkq tSls gqvk dj nsrs lc iki {kek %

dY;k.k tho vius dk djuk gks rks rqe dj ysuk] okYehfd ds vuqlkj lrh lk/oh ukjh u FkhA mlus Hkh vius uke dks Mqcks;k vkSj
vfUre fonk Hkh yw¡ eSa dSls Mqcks;k xkSre dk uke Hkh] fdUrq xkSre us D;k fd;k\ çk;% okYehfd ds lHkh
ml lcls tks Fkk fç; eq>s\ ekinaM vfr'k;iw.kZ gksrs gSAa dky vof/k dks Hkh cgqr c<Ûk&p<Ûk dj çLrqr fd;k
gs Lof.Zke ds'k] [ksyk djrk Fkk eSa ftuls] x;k gSA gTÛkkjksa o"kZ rd os ,d&nwljs ls vyx jgsA tc xkSre okil vkrs gS]a rks
jktlh #i yko.; rsjk] lk¡ps esa <yk D;k ns[krs gSa fd vfgY;k jke vkSj y{e.k ds ikn Li'kZ ls ifo= gks xbZA xkSre us
dc gqvk çkIr fdlh ukjh dks] mls viuk fy;kA ;g Fkk gekjs çkphu dky ds yksxksa dk thou vR;Ur lk/kkj.k]
ugha irk eq>dks rc Fkk og fu"diV vkSj vnwf"kr iki rks jgrk gh gSA fdlls iki ugha gksrk] dkSu ,slk gS tks
jk"Vª vfHk'kki cusxk rq> lsA dHkh xÛyrh ugha djrk\ Hkwy ekuo dh nqcy Z rk gS vkSj {kek gS] nSohA {keknku
eSa ugha fi;wx
¡ k v/kj rsj]s tks u jgs vc rks esjs gekjs pfj= ds ije xq.kksa esa ls ,d gSA lc dkO;ksa esa {kek dk xq.k xku gSA {kek ds
ykUlykSV ds vfirq ;s] egRoiw.kZ mnkgj.k ogk¡ gS]a tgk¡ futh Hkkoukvksa dks Bsl igq¡ph gSA xkSre ftUgksua s
Fks gh ugha dnkfi uì dsA vfgY;k dks {kek dj fn;k vkSj fçal vkFkZj xqbuhoh;s ls dgrs gSa fd og Åij igq¡p
gkFk Hkh dSls rsjk xgw]¡ dj ifo= gks xbZ Fkh] ßml nso yksd dh nqfu;k esa gks tk;s feyuAÞ
;g Hkh Hkkx mlh dk;k dk] ftlesa rwus iki fd;k gS bl çdkj bu egku dgkfu;ksa dk vUr f'k{kk esa gksrk gSA tSlk fd dgk x;k
vkSj esjh ;g viuh dk;k] ns[k rsjh çnwf"kr dk;k] gS fd bZ";kZ ekuoh; gS vkSj LokHkkfod gS vkSj vke rkSj ij lcesa ikbZ tkrh gSA
frjLdkj ls fpYykrh] ^rqels eq>dks Hkkjh ?k`.kk]* fdUrq] bldk rkRi;Z ;g ugha fd ;g ekuoh; xq.k gSA ;g ,d ekuoh; euksHkko gS
fQj Hkh çse esjk] xqbuhoh,! vkSj bldk ifj.kke vijk/k esa gksrk gSA vr% bls ;FkklEHko fu;U=.k esa j[kk tk;s
ugha gqvk gS de iRuhozr ik;k gS eSu a s lnk ghß vkSj lqfuf'pr lhek rd nck;k tk;s] tSlk fd fçal vkFkZj dgrs gS]a ßiki tc gks
(Jh jke ds leku og Hkh dsoy ,d gh L=h dks tkurk Fkk) gh x;k] rks {keknku Hkh vo';aHkkoh gSAÞ ;|fi {keknku ekuoh; gS] fdUrq nSoh xq.k
---gS çse esjk vc Hkh rq> ijA gSA tc ge bZ";kZ ls vfHkHkwr gksdj nwljksa dks naM nsrs gS]a rc Hkh ge ekuo gh gksrs
lksps u liusgq dksbZ] fd u esjk I;kj /kjk rq> ij gSA gSAa ysfdu bu mnkgj.kksa dks Lej.k djrs gq,] tc ge mu yksxksa dks {kek djrs gS
firk elhg fueZy ij gks voyfEcr vc rw gS]a ftUgksua s gekjs çfr ln~O;ogkj ugha fd;k Fkk] ml {k.k ge dsoy ekuo ugha
fut vkRek dks ifo= cuk gksr]s vfirq iw.kZ xkSjo&xfjek vkSj HkO;rk ds mPp in ij igq¡p tkrs gSAa
dnkfpÙk cus fQj la;ksx ,slk]
tgk¡ lc dksbZ] lc dqN fueZy gS
ml egku çHkq ds le{k]
ml yksd esa gks tk;s feyu ge nksuksa dk
vkSj ogk¡ yid rqe ikl esjs vk tkvksxh
vkSj vf/kdkj iw.kZ cuk
viuk ifr eq>dks igpkuksxhA
rsjk ifr dsoy u dksbZ fuEu tho
u gh ykUlykSV] u gh vU; dksbZ HkhA
eSa ,d ckr vksj cy nsdj dguk pkgw¡xkA ;|fi ,d ,slh nqjkpkfj.kh L=h]
ftlds iki dk ifj.kke Hk;adj fouk'k esa gqvk] mldks {keknku nsuk vfr ekuoh;
yxrk gSA ij gekjh ^jkek;.k* esa Hkh ,d lUnHkZ blds lekukUrj gSA vfgY;k
206 jkek;.k ds T;ksfr&LrEHk rsjgok¡ v/;k; 207

bl egkdkO; esa rhu egklkezkT;ksa dk mYys[k gS& v;ks/;k] fdf"dU/kk vkSj
yadk dkA ^jkek;.k* ds i`"Bksa esa budk ,d ds ikl ls nwljs dks gLrkarj.k gksrk gSA
fofp= ckr ;g gS] buesa ls çR;sd fLFkfr esa lkezkT; [kksus okyk T;s"B Hkzkrk gksrk
rsjgok¡ vè;k; gS] vkSj ikus okyk gksrk gS] mldk vuqtA v;ksè;k esa T;s"B Hkzkrk jkT; ls gkFk
Hkjr /kksrk gS] fdlh viuh xÛyrh ds dkj.k ughaA og bls lg"kZ vius NksVs HkkbZ dks lkSia
nsrk gSA vU; nksuksa fLFkfr;ksa esa ,d la?k"kZ gksrk gS] jkT; fNuus ls iwoZ gh cMÛs Hkkb;ksa
dks vius thou ls gkFk /kksuk iMÛrk gSA nksuksa ckj NksVs HkkbZ] vius cMÛs Hkkb;ksa dh
e`R;q ds bPNqd gksrs gSAa v;ks/;k ds fo"k; esa ,d vU; egRoiw.kZ rF; mHkj dj
esjh fiNyh dbZ okrkZ;as Jh jke ds pfj= ls lEcf/kr jghaA vc eSa muls fonk lkeus vkrk gSA Jh jke u dsoy lg"kZ lkezkT; Hkjr ds fy, R;kx nsrs gS]a vfirq
ysrk gw¡A ijUrq fQj Hkh vusd ckj bl egkdkO; ds vU; ik=ksa ij ppkZ ds lUnHkZ Hkjr Hkh viuh vksj ls oSls gh vkReR;kx dk çn'kZu djrs gSAa os jkT; dks vo'; gh
esa ge muls feyrs jgsaxAs blds vfrfjDr muls vf/kd nwj gksuk ;k vf/kd le; Jh jke dks ykSVk nsr]s ;fn Jh jke eku tkrsA ;g ,d cMÛh foy{k.k ckr gS fd
rd vyx jguk Hkh lEHko ughaA bl egkdkO; ds vè;srk blds fdlh u fdlh nksuksa Hkkb;ksa esa ijLij gksMÛ gS] jkT; ysus ds fy;s ugha] vfirq mldks nwljs dks
ik= ds pfj= ds çfr viuh fo'ks"k J¼k v£ir djus dh bPNk j[krs gS]a vkSj lkSia us ds fy,A dqN gn rd ;g fLFkfr ,slh gS] tSls cPpksa esa ,d cMÛs díw dks
mldks viuk fç; ;k vkn'kZ cuk ysrs gSAa bl egkdkO; esa egku iq#"k vkSj L=h ysdjA ß;g eq>s ugha pkfg,]Þ ;g dgdj ,d cPpk mls nwljs dh vksj f[kldk
ik=ksa dh bruh fofo/krk gS fd dksbZ vk'p;Z dh ckr ugha fd ,d O;fDr dk lcls nsrk gSA nwljk cPpk mls TÛkjk Nwdj ;g dgrk gS] ß;g eq>s Hkh ugha pkfg,]Þ vkSj
fç; ik=] nwljs dk lcls fç; ik= u gksA vkidk lcls fç; ik= dkSu gS] ;g cgqr mls okil f[kldk nsrk gSA ,slh gh dqN ckr v;ks/;k ds fo"k; esa Hkh FkhA vUrj
dqN bu ij fuHkZj gS fd vkids thou ds vkn'kZ fdl çdkj ds gS]a fdl çdkj dh dsoy bruk gh Fkk fd os nksuksa v;ks/;k dks lMÛk díw rks ugha ekurs Fks] vfirq
O;fDrxr fo'ks"krk;sa vkidks çHkkfor djrh gSa] vkidh f'k{kk vkSj çf'k{k.k dh mldks ,d egku iqjLdkj ekurs Fks] ftldks os vius fy, gfFk;kuk mfpr ugha
i`"BHkwfe D;k gS] fdl çdkj egkiq#"kksa us fofHkék ik=ksa dks vkids le{k çLrqr fd;k le>rs FksA os mnkÙk Hkkouk ls çsfjr gksdj ;gh Bhd ekurs Fks fd ml jkT; dks
gS vkSj vkidk LoHkko vkSj futh O;fDrRo D;k gSA eSua s dqN O;fDr;ksa dks Hkjr dks vius HkkbZ dks HksVa dj fn;k tk;sA bl n`f"V ls vUrj /;ku nsus ;ksX; gS] fdUrq eSa
^jkek;.k* dk lcls vf/kd mnkÙk ik= ekurs lquk gS] vU;ksa dks blh çdkj y{e.k ugha pkgrk fd vki ,slk lkspas ;k ;g ekusa fd eSa ,slk lksprk gw¡A lqxhz o vkSj
dks lcls vf/kd egRo ,oa loksPZ p LFkku nsrs lquk gSA dqN yksx ;g Hkh dgrs gSa fd foHkh"k.k vo';eso gh yksHkh Fks vFkok fdlh naHk Hkjh vkdka{kk ls ifjpkfyr Fks ;k
muds fy, rks guqeku lcls vf/kd vkd"kZd ik= gSAa fuLlUnsg] tSlk fd vkidks fdlh çdkj ls fuÏ"V O;fDr FksA os Hkh vPNs yksx Fks] vPNksa esa Hkh cgqr vPNsA
fofnr gS fd foHkh"k.k dh x.kuk loksPZ p HkDrksa esa dh tkrh gS] dqN yksx mUgsa rFkkfi os vius Hkkb;ksa ls jkT; ysus ds fy, vfuPNqd Hkh ugha FksA lp rks ;g gS]
y{e.k ds led{k cSBkrs gS]a dqN mUgsa y{e.k ls Hkh Å¡pk LFkku nsrs gSAa tgk¡ rd os vius Hkkb;ksa dk egkikih le>rs Fks vkSj muds fopkj es]a os jkT; ds çfr vU;k;
esjk futh lEcU/k gS] eSa Lo;a bl dkO; ds vfrfjDr eSa fdlh vU; dks viuk ân; dj jgs FksA os lksprs Fks] ;fn jkT; muds gkFkksa esa vk tk;s] rks og vf/kd le`¼ gks
le£ir djuk ilan ugha djrkA vU; ik= Hkh vius&vius <ax ls egku gS] ldrk gSA fuLlUnsg] os mRlqdrkiwod Z jkT; dh bPNk j[krs FksA mUgsa bl ckr esa
ljkguh; gS]a xq.kkfUor gSA os fdlh u fdlh ,d ln~x.q k vFkok ,d xq.k leqPp; ds dksbZ vkifÙk ugha Fkh fd muds Hkkb;ksa dk o/k gks tk;s] rkfd os muds mÙkjkf/kdkjh
çfr:i gSAa ijUrq esjs fy;s ;g dguk dfBu gS fd Jh jke ds vfrfjDr] esjh J¼k cu ldsAa ge lqxhz o ds ckjs dqN 'yksdksa dk v/;;u djrs vk;s gSa (IV.10.10,11,30;
muesa ls fdlh ,d ds çfr fdlh vU; ds çfr esjh J¼k ls vf/kd gSA eSa mu lcds IV.8.39)A vkidks Lej.k gksxk fd lqxhz o dh bPNk fdruh rhoz Fkh fd Jh jke ckfy
pfj=ksa dk ,d gh çdkj ls vè;;u djrk gw¡] cMÛs vknj Hkko ls] mudh okLrfod dks 'kh?kzkfr'kh?kz lekIr dj ns]a ftlls og viuh iRuh :ek dks iqu% çkIr dj ldsA
çÏfr dks le>us ds mís'; ls] tSls fd mldks dfo }kjk çfrikfnr fd;k x;k gS] jkT; dks Hkh og Hkwyk ugha FkkA tgk¡ rd foHkh"k.k dh ckr gS] bl rF; dk mYys[k
tSlk fd muds fofHkék dk;ks± rFkk fofHkék mfDr;ksa }kjk çn£'kr fd;k x;k gSA djuk vko';d gS fd tc og vius HkkbZ ls cpko ds fy;s jke dh 'kj.k esa vk;k
Fkk] Jh jke ds çeq[k ijke'kZnkrkvksa us Bhd gh vuqeku yxk;k Fkk fd foHkh"k.k dh
206

rRle; egÙokdka{kk Fkh fd jko.k ds i'pkr~ og yadk dk 'kkld cusA bl lUnHkZ vof/k iw.kZ gksus ij tc Jh jke v;ks/;k ykSV]s Hkjr mudk gk£nd Lokxr djrs gSAa
esa HkzkfUr dh dksbZ xqt a kb'k ugha Fkh] D;ksfa d ,slk çrhr gksrk gS fd Jh jke Hkh ,slk ;g Hkh ?kksf"kr djrs gSa fd mudh lcls cMÛh vfHkyk"kkvksa dh iw£r gks xbZA jkT; dk
ekurs gSaA os Lo;a dgrs gSa % egr~ iqu% çfr"Bkiu gksxk] vkSj lcls Js"B ckr rks ;g gksxh fd os jkT; dh /kjksgj
jkT;dk³~{kh p jk{kl% VI.18.13 dks yksVk ldsxa ]s tks mlds ikl j[kh gqbZ Fkh vkSj ftldh ns[k&js[k os brus o"kks± ls
ßmudks blesa dksbZ lUnsg ugha FkkA ;g jk{kl foHkh"k.k jkT; ikus dk dj jgs FksA loZçFke dk;Z] tks mUgksua s fd;k Fkk] og Fkk] Jh jke dks iqu% pj.k&
vfHkyk"kh gS] blesa dksbZ lUnsg ughaAÞ iknqdk;sa /kkj.k djus ds fy;s fuosnu djukA
tc ;q¼ vkjEHk gh gqvk Fkk] ,d ladViw.kZ fLFkfr mifLFkr gks xbZ Fkh] Jh iknqds rs rq jkeL; x`ghRok Hkjr% Lo;e~AA
jke vkSj muds i{k dk iyMÛk gYdk gks x;k FkkA Jh jke vkSj y{e.k bUæftr ds pj.kkH;ka ujsUæL; ;kst;ekl /keZfor~A VI.130.52,53
Hk;adj likZdkj ck.kksa ds cU/kuksa esa c¡/ks gq, iMÛs FksA blh chp Jh jke ewNkZ ls tkx /keZK Hkjr us Lo;a gh Jh jke dh os pj.k&iknqdk;sa ysdj Jh jke ds pj.kksa
mBsA mUgksua s ns[kk y{e.k vR;Ur ?kk;y vkSj [Ûkuw ls yFkiFk iMÛs gq, gSAa vr% os esa iguk nhaA
vkrqj gksdj foyki djus yxsA jke brus grksRlkfgr gks x, fd os ;gk¡ rd dgus vczohPp rnk jkea Hkjr% l Ñrk´tfy%AA
yxs ;fn y{e.k dh ewNkZ nwj ugha gksrh vkSj os ;q¼ Hkwfe esa ohjxfr dks çkIr gks ,rÙks jf{kra jktu~ jkT;a fu;kZfrra e;kA VI.130.53,54
tkrs gS]a ,slh ifjfLFkfr esa os Lo;a dk thou mlh {k.k lekIr djuk pkgsxa As viuh Hkjr us gkFk tksMÛdj ml le; dgk] ßçHkks! esjs ikl /kjksgj :i esa j[kk
dYiuk esa os vfUre ?kMÛh ds bruk lehi igq¡p x, fd mUgksua s lc yksxksa ls fonk Hkh gqvk vkidk ;g lEiw.kZ jkT; vkt eSua s vkids Jh pj.kksa esa ykSVk fn;kAÞ
ys yh] tks ogk¡ mifLFkr FksA ijUrq ml le; muds eu dks ,d fopkj O;kdqy dj v| tUe ÑrkFk± esa laoÙ` k'p euksjFk%AA
jgk Fkk fd tc foHkh"k.k 'kj.kkxfr vkSj lqj{kk ds fy;s vk;k Fkk] jke us mldk ;LRoka i';kfe jktkue;ks/;ka iqujkxre~A VI.130.54,55
lkadfs rd jkT;kfHk"ksd rc cMÛh mrkoyh ds lkFk dj fn;k FkkA fdUrq okLrfod ßvkt esjk tUe lQy gks x;kA esjk euksjFk iwjk gqvk] tks v;ks/;k ujs'k
vfHk"ksd vHkh rd gqvk ugha Fkk vkSj mldh lEHkkouk Hkh çrhr ugha gksrh FkhA vr% vki Jh jke dks iqu% v;ks/;k esa ykSVk gqvk ns[k jgk gw¡A eSua s rks vkidks pkSng o"kZ
Jh jke dgrs gSa % iwoZ jktk cukus dk ç;kl fd;k Fkk] fdUrq vki mldks ysus ds fy;s rS;kj u gq,A
rPp feF;kçyIra eka ço{;fr u la'k;%A ;g yEch vof/k O;rhr gks pqdh vkSj vki ykSV vk;s gSAa bl egRoiw.kZ {k.k dks
;Ue;k u Ñrks jktk jk{klkuka foHkh"k.k%AA VI.49.22 ns[kus ds fy;s eSa thfor gw¡A esjs fy;s blls c<Ûdj lkSHkkX; vkSj i"kZ dk dk fo"k;
ßeSa foHkh"k.k dks jk{klksa dk jktk u cuk ldk] tSlk eSua s oknk fd;k FkkA vr% nwljk D;k gks ldrk gS\Þ
;g esjk feF;k çyki eq>s lnk tykrk jgsxkAÞ Lo;a foHkh"k.k Hkh ;g ns[kdj fd vos{krka Hkoku~ dks'ka dks"Bkxkja iqja cye~AA
fot; dh vk'kk çk;% lekIr gS] vius HkkX; dks dkslus yxkA HkorLrstlk lo± Ñra n'kxq.ka e;kA VI.130.55,56
thoé| foiéks·fLe u"k`jkT;euksjFk%A ßÏi;k vki jktdks"k] dksBkj] uxj] egy nqxZ lsuk dk Hkh fujh{k.k dhft;sA
çkIrçfrK'p fjiq% ldkeks jko.k% Ñr%AA VI.50.19 vkids çrki vkSj vkidh pj.k&iknqdkvksa ds jgL;e; xq.kksa ds dkj.k] muls feyh
vU; ckrksa ds lkFk og dgrk gS] ßvc rks eSa thrs&th ej x;kA ;|fi çsj.kk ls bl vof/k esa ;s lc oLrq;as igys ls nl xquh gks xbZ gSAa Þ
thfor gw¡] ijUrq ladV esa gw¡A esjk jkT; fo"k;d euksjFk u"V gks x;kA lcls cqjh bl le; ,d vR;Ur vn~Hkqr ?kVuk ?kVrh gSA lqxhz o] foHkh"k.k vkSj lc cMÛs
ckr rks ;g gqbZ fd jko.k dh lHkh bPNkvksa dh iw£r gks xbZAÞ okuj vkl ikl [kMÛs gks tkrs gSa vkSj Hkkb;ksa ds e/; gks jgs okrkZyki dks cMÛs pko ls
;q¼ dkaM esa ,d mYys[kuh; va'k gS] tks bl lUnHkZ esa /;ku nsus ;ksX; gSA lqurs gSAa ,d HkkbZ ;'kLdj vfHk;ku ls viuh iRuh vkSj çfr"Bk dks iqu% çkIr
vkidks Lej.k gksxk] tSlk eSua s crk;k Fkk] v;ks/;k dk jkT; Hkjr us /kjksgj ds :i djds vius jkT; dks iqu% xzg.k djus ds fy;s ykSVs gSAa nwljk HkkbZ ml jkT; dks
esa xzg.k fd;k Fkk] pkSng o"kZ 'kklu Hkh pyk;k] Jh jke dh pj.k&iknqdkvksa ds nlxquk c<Ûk dj cMÛs vkÍkfnr ân; ls mls okil le£ir djrk gSA ;g n`';
vykSfdd ekxZn'kZu }kjkA ;g /kjksgj muds fy, ije ikou FkhA ouokl dh

bruk çHkkoh Fkk fd os Hkh blds çHkko ls vNwrs u jg lds] D;ksfa d mlls fdlh Hkh fdlh ls Mjus okys ugha Fks] os fdlh ls Hk;Hkhr Hkh D;ksa gks\ ge pkgs]a rks mudk
ân; esa dksey ls dksey euksHkko mRiék gq, fcuk ugha jg ldrs FksA vr% dfo o.kZu] ^,d vul/kk;k Nksdjk^] bu 'kCnksa esa Hkh dj ldrs gSAa ,slh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa
dgrk gS] mudh vk¡[kksa ds lkeus ?kfVr bl vk'p;Ztfur n`'; dks ns[kdj os lc y{e.k dk vkpj.k fdruk fHkék jgk gks] rks bl lEcU/k esa TÛkjk vuqeku yxkuk Hkh
brus HkkofoHkksj gks x, fd os vius vk¡lw u jksd ik;sA jkspd gSA nksuksa Hkkb;ksa esa fdruh vf/kd vlekurk! mnkjrk fo'kky&ân;rk vkSj
rFkk czoq k.ka Hkjra n`"V~ok ra HkzkròRlye~AA vkReR;kx esa leku gksus ij Hkh] mu nksuksa esa bruk Hkkjh vUrj Fkk fd vki ,d dks
eqep
q oq kZujk ck"ia jk{kl'p foHkh"k.k%A VI.130.56,57 nwljk le>us dh Hkwy dHkh ugha dj ldrsA y{e.k rks rqjUr gh <sj gks tkrs vkSj
HkzkròRly Hkjr dks bl çdkj dgrs ns[kdj] leLr okujksa rFkk jk{kljkt fcuk pw¡ fd;s rqjUr ckr eku ysrs gS]a ;fn Jh jke ,d ckj Hkh ;g dg ns]a ß,slk
foHkh"k.k ds us=ksa ls vk¡lw cgus yxsA mudh vUrjkRek] pkgs okuj dh Fkh vFkok djks ;k oSlkAÞ pkgs mudh lksp fHkék Hkh gks] pkgs os eglwl Hkh djsa fd tks jke dg
jk{kl dh] ;g n`'; ns[kdj jlkæZ gks xbZ] lHkh vJqikr djus yxsA jgs gS]a og xÛyr gS ;k vko';drk ls vf/kd dBksj gS] pkgs os mudks mfpr Hkh u
esjs eu esa Hkh cMÛk dqrgw y gS] ;g tkuus ds fy;s fd bl le; foHkh"k.k vkSj ekurs gksAa rFkkfi ;fn os ,d 'kCn Hkh fojks/k esa cksyus dk ç;kl djrs] rks Jh jke
lqxhz o ds ân;ksa esa dSlh Hkkouk;sa vk;ha gksxa h\ os vius Hkkb;ksa ls fdrus Hk;Hkhr Fks] dk dsoy ,d b'kkjk gh i;kZIr Fkk vkSj vius vkidks fojks/k'kwU; cukuss esa y{e.k
muds çfr mudh Hkkouk;sa dSlh Fkha] muds fo#¼ mUgksua s D;k&D;k ;kstuk;sa ugha dks vR;Ur g"kZ gksrk FkkA tgk¡ rd Jh jke dk lEcU/k Fkk] os dsoy ,d lsod ek=
cukb± vkSj dkSu ls "kM~;=a ugha jpsA os muds fo#¼ yMÛ]s mudks lekIr djkus ds Fks] ,d egkiq#"k ds mís';ksa dh iw£r djus dk ,d midj.k] blls vf/kd dqN Hkh
fy;s mUgksua s cMÛh ;kpuk;sa Hkh dh FkhaA muds i'pkr~ jkT; ysdj fdrus çlék gq,A ughaA vUrj dsoy bruk Fkk fd os ,d ltho midj.k Fks] ftlesa ;nk&dnk futh
mudk <ax vius Hkkb;ksa ds çfr fdruk fo"ke jgk FkkA tks dqN os vc ns[k jgs Fks] cks/k&fopkj Hkh mHkj vkrs FksA ijUrq os çk;% nch voLFkk esa gh os dg nsr]s ßHkS;k!
mlls bldh rqyuk djds] mudh vk¡[kksa esa vk¡lw dk vkuk dksbZ vk'p;Ztud ckr eq>s Hkh ,d 'kCn cksyus nks] HkS;kAÞ vkjEHk rks mudk cMÛh fouezrk esa gksrk] ijUrq
ugha FkhA ;s Hkkouk,¡ ,slh Fkha] tks mudh igq¡p ls cgqr nwj FkhA os dYiuk Hkh ugha eu dh ckr dgus esa TÛkjk lh Hkh f>>d ugha gksrhA ;g dguk dqN xÛyr u gksxk
dj ldrs Fks fd fdUgha nks Hkkb;ksa ds chp bruk vf/kd ijLij çse vkSj lEeku Hkh fd mudk viuk vyx O;fDrRo Fkk] ,d l'kDr O;fDrRo] ftldks os bl çdkj
lEHko gSA vfHkO;Dr djrs fd lgt gh muds çfr ,d vknj dh Hkkouk mHkj vkrhA vius
eSa vc Hkjr ds pfj= ij dqN foLrkj ls ppkZ djuk pkgrk gw¡A rRi'pkr~ eSa HkkbZ ds lEeq[k ftl mnkjrk ls mUgksua s vkpj.k fd;k] mlds fy, vki vo'; gh
Øe'k% lqxhz o vkSj foHkh"k.k ds lEcU/k esa vius fopkj j[kw¡xkA mudh ljkguk djsxa s vkSj mudh dq'kyrk ds fy;s ftldk çn'kZu mUgksua s çfr;ksfxrk
bu rhuksa esa ls ftudh ijLij fo"kerk dh n`f"V ls eSua s rqyuk dh gS] Hkjr esa fd;k] tc Jh jke ls viuh ckr euokus ds fy;s] mUgksua s j.kuhfr cny&cny
fu'p; gh ,d vyx eap ij fojkteku gSA muds Hkk"k.kksa dks i<Ûdj vkSj muds dj u;s&u;s rdZ çLrqr fd,A ;g lc dqN vki dj ldsxa ]s ijUrq eq>s lUnsg gS
vkpj.k dks ns[k dj irk pyrk gS fd muesa n`<Ûrk vkSj ladYi çpqj ek=k esa fd muds çfr vkidk çse Hkko bruk gh mHkj dj vk;sxk] ftruk y{e.k ds çfrA
fo|eku FksA bu xq.kksa ds dqN çek.k gesa iwoZ esa fey pqds gS]a tc mUgksua s okn&fookn y{e.k ds fy;s vkidh bPNk gksxh fd mldks idMÛ dj ân; ls yxk ys]a ijUrq
çfr;ksfxrk esa vius HkkbZ dh cjkcjh dh vFkok cjkcjh djus dk ç;kl fd;k FkkA Hkjr dks rks vki ueu djsxa ]s lyke djsxa s vkSj vki dgsxa ]s ßvki egku gS]a vki
;g dsoy muds T;s"B Hkzkrk Jh jke gh Fks] tks n`<Û çfrKrk vkSj mPpre y{; dh ,d lk/kq iq#"k gSAa Þ vknj vkSj ç'kalk dh Hkkouk;sa rks Hkjr eq> ls çkIr dj ldrs
çkfIr ds çfr n`<Ûld a Yi esa muls c<Û dj gks ldrs FksA dsoy mUgha ds vkxs Hkjr dks gS]a tcfd y{e.k esjk lEiw.kZ I;kj cVksj ysrs gSAa eSa ugha tkurk fd D;k vU;ksa esa
dqN >qduk iMÛk Fkk] vU;Fkk ;fn dksbZ vkSj gksrk] rks mlds fo#¼ iwjh n`<Ûrk ds Hkh ,slh gh Hkkouk;sa gSAa ijUrq bu foHkwfr;ksa ds çfr esjh rks ,slh gh Hkkouk;sa gSAa
lkFk os viuh ckr ij MVs jgrsA vki mudh çfrKrk dks Hkh ljkgsxa As muds dFku vkb;s] vkSj vkxs ns[ksAa tc xq# of'k"B vius firk dh vUR;s"Vh djus ds mijkUr
loZnk n`<Û] fuf'pr vkSj fu'Ny gSAa muesa u fdlh vfu'p; dh >yd gS] u Hkjr ds jkT; xzg.k djus dks dgrs gS]a Hkjr mÙkj nsrs gS]a ßugha] eSa ,slk dqN djuk
vLFkkbZ :irk gS] u dksbZ vLi"Vrk gS] ,slk dqN Hkh fcYdqy ughaA dksbZ çk;% ,slk ugha pkgrkAÞ bl çlax dk o.kZu djrs gq, dfo dgrk gS %*
lksp Hkh ldrk gSa fd nh?kZdky rd ukuk vkSj ekek ds ykMÛ&I;kj esa jgus ls] ekuks
os fljp<Ûs vkSj fcxMÛs gq, cPps ds leku gks x;s D;ksfa d os Jh jke ds vfrfjDr vkSj * nsf[k, v-10, i`-149.

foyyki lHkke/;s txgsZ p iqjksfgre~AA II.82.10 fy, dqN Hkh djus dh vko';drk ughaAÞ ,d iq= ds fy, ,slk djuk lEHko gks
iwjh lHkk ds e/; esa os QwV&QwV dj jksus yxs vkSj lkFk&lkFk ml fo'kky ldrk gSA pkgs firk vkSj iq= ds e/; lEcU/k fdrus Hkh dVq D;ksa u gks]a iq= dks rks
lHkk esa mUgksua s o;kso`¼ /keZx#q dh xgZ.kk djus dk lkgl Hkh fd;kA viuk dÙkZO; djuk gh gksxkA gekjs fy, ,slk dguk ekewyh ckr gS] ;fn ge vius
mUgksaus dgk] ßeq>s vk'p;Z gS] vki tSls cqf¼eku egkuqHkko O;fDr eq>s iq= ls uQÛjr djrs gS]a ge ugha pkgrs fd og gekjs fy, dqN Hkh djsA vius fudV
jkT;xzg.k ds fy;s eukus dk ç;kl dj jgs gS]a tcfd b{okdq dqy dh ijEijk lEcfU/k;ksa rd ls dg nsrs gS]a ßtc eSa ej tkÅ¡] rqe Luku rd u djukAÞ blh
vuqlkj ;g vf/kdkj esjs T;s"B Hkzkrk dk gSA vki eq>s ;g xzg.k djus dks fdl çdkj n'kjFk us Hkh dg fn;k Fkk %
çdkj dg ldrs gS\a eSa bls ugha yw¡xkA eSa Lo;a tkdj bls mUgsa lkSixaw kAÞ Hkjr tSls Hkjr'psRçrhr% L;kækT;a çkI;sneO;;e~A
,d Nksdjs ds fy;s ,d o;kso`¼ dks Hkjh lHkk ds e/; bl çdkj voekfur djus ;Ues l n|kfRi=Fk± eka ek ríÙkekxer~AA II.42.9
nsus ds fy;s cMÛk lkgl vkSj vkRefo'okl visf{kr gSA bl çlax ds vfrfjDr os ßrqEgkjk iq= ;fn bl fo?u ck/kk ls jfgr jkT; dks ikdj çlék gks] rks og
lnk lk/kq&o`Ùk jgsA tc dkS'kY;k us mUgsa cqyok;k vkSj os muds lEeq[k igq¡p]s ml esjs fy;s Jk¼ esa tks dqN fi.M vFkok ty vkfn nku djs] og eq>s çkIr u gksA eSa
efgyk us cMÛs LokHkkfod <ax ls dYiuk dh Fkh fd dSd;s h dk "kM~;U= mlds iq= ugha pkgrk] mlds }kjk fd;k tkus okyk nku eq>s igq¡pAs Þ
dh lgefr ls gh gksxkA vr% tSls gh os ikl vk;s] os cjl iMÛhAa * nwljs 'kCnksa esa] ßeSa ugha pkgrk fd og esjh vUR;sf"V ds fy;s dksbZ Hkh
bna rs jkT;dkeL; jkT;a çkIred.Vde~AA II.75.11 /kekZu"q Bku djsAÞ dkS'kY;k dks ;g Lej.k FkkA Hkjr dks ^lR;çfrK* dg dj Hkh os
ßrqe jkT; pkgrs Fks u! vc ;g jkT; rqEgsa fu"daVd çkIr gks x;k gSAÞ lar"q V u gqbAZ dkS'kY;k cksyha] ,d dÛne vkSj vkxs c<Û] ßÏi;k Hkjr! eq>s vkSj
lqfe=k dks bl LFkku dks NksMÛdj jke ds ikl tkus nksA ge fp=dwV tk;saxAs
nqHkkZX; ls dkS'kY;k us ,sls 'kCn dk ç;ksx fd;k] tks fd Hkjr ds fy;s Nqjs ds
vfXugks= esa vo'; gh lkFk ys tkÅ¡xh]Þ ftlls vfUre laLdkj ogk¡ fof/kiwod Z u
çgkj ds leku FkkA Hkjr rks jkT; ysuk gh ugha pkgrs Fks] os rks bls ykSVk nsuk pkgrs
gks ldsA* D;ksfa d os T;s"B jkuh Fkha] ftudks jktk us vius lkFk iVjkuh cuk;k Fkk]
FksA os le>rs Fks fd mudh ekrk us ;g Bhd dke ugha fd;kA ijUrq dkS'kY;k
vr% vfXugks= muds laj{k.k esa FkkA blhfy, mUgksua s mls lkFk ys tkus dh /kedh nhA
^jkT;dkee~* (jkT; ysus ds fy;s vR;Ur mRlqd) 'kCn dk ç;ksx djrh gSAa os dgrh
gS]a ßLi"V gS fd rqe esjs iq= ls jkT; ysus ds fy;s mRlqd gksAÞ bl çdkj cgqr lh vFkok Lo;esokga lqfe=kuqpjk lq[ke~A
dBksj ckrsa dgdj tc dkS'kY;k us fujijk/k Hkjr dh HkRlZuk dh % vfXugks=a iqjLÑR; çLFkkL;s ;= jk?ko%AA I.75.14
ßlqfe=k dks lkFk ysdj vkSj vfXugks= dks vkxs djds Lo;a gh lq[kiwodZ ml
foO;Fks HkjrLrhoza oz.ks rq|os lwfpukAA II.75.17
LFkku dks çLFkku d:¡xh] tgk¡ Jh jke fuokl djrs gSAa Þ
mudks bruh rhoz ihMÛk gqb]Z ekuks fdlh us ?kko esa u'rj Mky dj mls ?kqek
;g fo'okl gS fd fiaMnku dh QyksRikndrk cgqr dqN bl ij fuHkZj gS fd
jgk gksA ijUrq] ekuks ;g Hkh i;kZIr u Fkk] dkS'kY;k vkSj Hkh dBksj Hkkouk;sa tksMÛrh
fnoaxr iwot Z vkSj thfor fiaMnkudrkZ esa fdruk ikjLifjd çse FkkA bl ekU;rk
gSAa dnkfpr~~ bu Hkkoukvksa dks Li"V :i ls le>us ds fy;s ;g Lej.k djuk
dk ladrs ^jkek;.k^ esa Hkh gSA Hkjr tc Jh jke ls ou esa feyrs gS]a rks dgrs gS]a
vko';d gS fd tc jktk n'kjFk dks fofnr gqvk] fdl çdkj jke ls jkT; Nhu
ßgekjs firk th pys x;sA lc laLdkj eSua s dj fn;s gSAa ijUrq vkidks Hkh dqN djuk
dj Hkjr dks fn;k tk jgk Fkk] mUgksua s vius eekZUrd {k.kksa esa cgqr lh ckrsa dSd;s h
'ks"k gS] vki og dhft;sAÞ fQj os dgrs gSa %
ls dgh FkhaA muesa ls ,d ;g Hkh Fkh] tks dkS'kY;k dh mifLFkfr esa dgh xbZ Fkh]
ß;fn Hkjr lpeqp viuh ekrk ds nqjkpj.k dk ykHk mBkus dk bPNqd gS] jkT; fç;s.k fdy nÙka fga fir`yksds"kq jk?koA
ysuk pkgrk gS] ;fn mldk eu bl vksj gS] rks eSa mlls viuk lEcU/k rksMÛ nw¡xkA v{k¸;a HkorhR;kgqHkZoka'kpSo firq% fç;%AA II.101.8
eSa ugha pkgrk fd esjh e`R;q ds ckn esjh vkRe'kkfUr ds fy;s og dqN Hkh djksAÞ bl ß,slk dgk tkrk gS] fç; iq= dk fn;k gqvk ty vkfn fir`yksd esa v{k;
çdkj dh ckr ge çk;% Øks/kkos'k ds {k.kksa esa dg nsrs gS]a tc ge fdlh fudV gksrk gSA vki gh firk ds ije fç; iq= gSaAÞ
lEcU/kh ls ukjkTÛk gksrs gS]a ßtc eSa ej tkÅ¡] rqe Luku rd u djukA rqEgsa esjs * vFkok fof/kiwoZd gks lds] vFkkZr~ jke ds }kjk] D;ksafd tSlk fd nksuksa cMÛs Vhdkdkj fu£n"V djrs
gSa] ÞvfXugks=fefr jktnsgL;kI;qiy{k.ke~A* *vfXugks=^ 'kCn laHkor% jktk ds 'kjhj dh vksj b'kkjk
* nsf[k, v-29. djrk gSA

Rokeso 'kkspaLro n'kZuIs lqLRo¸;so lDrkefuoR;Z cqf)e~A tc ;g l'kiFk viuh funks"Z krk dh lQÛkbZ nsus dk Øe iwjk gks x;k] rks
Ro;k foghuLro 'kksd:X.kLroka laLeju~ LoxZeoki jktkAA V.101.9 dkS'kY;k dk ân; Hkh fi?kykA os cksyha] ßugha ,slk ugha] eq>s [ksn gS] esjs eq[k ls ,sls
ßjktk n'kjFk rks pys x,A muds eu ds vfUre fopkj dsoy vki gh FksA 'kCn fudy x,AÞ
vkidh çrh{kk dj jgs FksA os vkidks ns[kus ds fy;s rjl jgs FksA mudh leLr fn"Vîk u pfyrks /kekZnkRek rs lgy{e.k%A
bPNk;sa vki ij dsfUær FkhaA vkids tkus ds i'pkr~ muds ân; dh ihMÛk dk fdlh oRl lR;çfrKks es lrka yksdkuokIL;flAA II.75.62
çdkj 'keu u gks ldkA os lnSo vki gh dks ;kn djrs jgsA os rks pys x,A muds ßoRl] lkSHkkX; dh ckr gS] rqe Hkh fcYdqy y{e.k ds leku gksA ;g ckr eSa
çfr tks dqN Hkh vki v£ir djsxa ]s mldk Lokxr dgha vf/kd gksxk] mlls] tks fd iw.kZ:i ls igys le> u ikbZ FkhA rqEgkjk fpÙk /keZ ls fopfyr ugha gqvkA rqe
eSua s iwoZ esa v£ir fd;k gSAÞ ^lR;çfrK* gksA rqe viuk mís'; iw.kZr;k çkIr djksxAs rqEgsa lRiq#"kksa ds yksd
tc dkS'kY;k us Hkjr ij jkT; ykylk dk vkjksi yxk;k Fkk vkSj vfXugks= vo'; çkIr gksaxAs Þ
lkFk ysdj pys tkus dh /kedh nh Fkh] ftlls os vUR;sf"V djus ds lk/ku ls bR;qDRok pk³~dekuh; Hkjra HkzkròRlye~A
of´pr gks tk;s]a ekuks ml le; Hkjr dk ân; Vwd&Vwd gks x;kA muds 'kksd vkSj ifj"oT; egkckgqa :jksn Hk`'knq%f[krkAA II.75.63
O;Fkk dk ikjkokj u Fkk] vkSj ftu 'yksdksa ds vuqØe }kjk bls vfHkO;Dr fd;k ,slk dgdj dkS'kY;k us Hkzkr`HkDr egkckgq Hkjr dks xksn esa [khap fy;k vkSj
x;k gS] os fo[;kr gks x, gSaA ,d iwjs lxZ (II.75) esa os 'kiFkiwodZ ?kks"k.kk djrs gSa fd vR;Ur nq%[kh gksdj mUgsa xys ls yxk dj os QwV&QwV dj jksus yxhaA vkSj Hkjr us
mudh dksbZ ,slh bPNk ugha Fkh fd Jh jke jkT; ls of´pr gksdj ou dks pys tk;sAa fQj D;k fd;k\
os Lo;a dks f/kDdkjrs gSa fd ;fn mudh ,slh dksbZ bPNk jgh gks] rks os vfHk'kIr gksAa ykyI;ekuL; fopsruL; ç.k"Vcq)%s ifrrL; HkwekSA
iwjs ds iwjs lxZ esa 'yksdksa dk vUr ^;L;k;ksZ·uqers xr%* ls gqvk gS (ftldh vuqefr eqgqeZgqfuZ%'olr'p nh?kZ lk rL; 'kksdsu txke jkf=%AA II.75.65
ls Jh jke cu x, gks] ml ikih dks iki yxs)A ;s 'kCn 'yksdksa esa ckj&ckj nksgjk;s i`Foh ij iMÛs gq, Hkjr dh foosd'kfDr u"V gks xbZA os vpsr ls foyki djrs
x;s gS]a mu lcdk ;gk¡ nsuk vko';d ughaA ;g rks fcYdqy Li"V gS fd ml le; ckj&ckj yEch lkalas [khaprs] QwV&QwV dj fgpfd;k¡ ysdj jke dk uke ysdj jksrs
Hkjr }kjk ;s 'yksd cksys ugha x;s gksxa As oLrqr% Lo;a dfo gh dk vfHkçk; jgk gksxk jgsA bl çdkj /kjrh ij yksVrs gq,] 'kksd esa gh jkf= chr xbZA jke dk uke
vkSj Lo;a euq"; ds dÙkZO;ksa vkSj ln~x.q kksa ds iwjs pØ dk o.kZu djukA bl iwjs lewg iqdkjrs] dHkh tkus vkSj dHkh vutkusA
dk lekos'k og bu 'yksdksa esa djrk gSA mUgsa Hkjr ds eq[k ls fu%l`r djokrk gSA rc os fu'p; djrs gSa fd vUR;sf"V ds i'pkr~] tgk¡ Hkh Jh jke gksxa ]s ogk¡
Hkjr ls dgyok;k tkrk gS] ßeq>s ml O;fDr ds tSlk iki yxs] tks veqd dÙkZO; tk;sxa s vkSj mUgsa ykSVk dj yk;sxa As vkidks Lej.k gksxk] tc Hkjr Jh jke ls okLro
esa pwdrk gS vFkok veqd iki ;k vijk/k djrk gS]Þ bR;kfnA oLrqr%] Vhdkdkj esa feys (bl çlax ij geus foLrkj iwod Z ppkZ dj pqds gS)a mUgksua s dgk Fkk] ß;fn
,slk dgrs gSa fd dfo dk vk'k; Fkk] Hkjr dh ok.kh }kjk euq"; ds thou esa dÙkZO; firkth ds vkns'k dk ikyu djus gsrq ifjokj ds fdlh lnL; dks ou esa fuokl
vkSj ln~x.q kksa dk lok±xh.k o.kZu djukA buesa nks 'yksd ,sls Hkh gS]a ftuesa /ofu;ksa djuk vko';d gS] rks bl vkns'k dks ikyu djus ds fy;s eSa pkSng o"kZ ou esa
dk la;ksx dqN foy{k.k gSAa eq>s ,slk çrhr gksrk gS] tks yksx laLÏr Hkk"kk lh[kuk jgw¡xkA vki v;ks/;k ykSV tk;s]a eSa vkidk LFkku ys yw¡xkAÞ mÙkj esa Jh jke us dgk]
vkjEHk djrs gS]a os viuh Li"V mPpkj.k dh {kerk dh ijh{kk djus ds fy, bu ß;g ,otÛh okyk le>kSrk djus dk fo"k; ugha gSA çR;sd euq"; dks viuk nkf;Ro
'yksdksa dk mi;ksx djsAa Lo;a gh fuHkkuk pkfg,AÞ Hkjr dk ;g fopkj fd Jh jke ds ctk; os Lo;a ou dks
v/keksZ ;ks·L; lks·L;kLrq ;L;k;ks·Z uqers xr%A II.75.23,25 pys tk;s]a bl dkO; esa cgqr igys vkrk gSA ,slk ugha Fkk fd fp=dwV esa ;g fopkj
ßftldh vuqefr ls vk;Z Jh jke ou x;s gks]a og mlh v/keZ dk Hkkxh gks]Þ lglk muds efLr"d esa vk;k gksA iwoZ esa Hkh viuh ekrk ds lkFk nq%[kn HksVa ds
;g gS rks ,d ljy lk 'yksd] ijUrq ;gk¡ Å"e /ofu;ksa dk vkf/kD; gS] ftudk le; ,slk çrhr gksrk gS] Hkjr us bl fn'kk esa lkspk fopkjk FkkA iwoZ esa gh mUgksua s
mPpkj.k djrs le; ok.kh dh yMÛ[kMÛkus dh lEHkkouk gSA viuh ekrk ls dgk Fkk fd os Lo;a gh ou tkdj ekrk ds vfHkçk; dks] tks mudks
jktk cukus dk gS] foQy dj nsxa As os tkdj vius Hkzkrk Jh jke dks okil ys vk;sxa s

vkSj mudk nkl cudj lq[kh vkSj lar"q V fpr ls thou O;rhr djsxa As ;g lc mudk mís'; D;k gks ldrk gS\ mís'; vPNk rks ugha ekywe gksrkA vkfrF; v£ir
ekrk ds çfr fdlh nqHkkZouk ls çsfjr gksdj ugha] vfirq futh vkRe&lUrqf"V ds djus ds i'pkr~ fu"kkn jkt lh/ks&lh/ks Hkjr ls iwNrs gSa] ß,d ckr crkb;s]
fy;s FkkA vuk;kl gh vki Jh jke ds çfr dksbZ nqHkkZouk ysdj rks ugha tk jgs gS\a vkidh ;g
fuorZf;Rok jkea p rL;kga nhIrrstl%A fo'kky lsuk esjs eu esa 'kadk lh mRiék dj jgh gSA eq>s crk;s]a vkidk vfHkçk;
nklHkwrks Hkfo";kfe lqfLFkrsukUrjkReukAA II.73.27 D;k gS\Þ Hkjr tSls gh viuk ç;kstu crkrs gS]a xqgjkt lar"q V gksdj dgrs gSa %
fQj os dqN vkSj vkxs c<Ûs vkSj dgus yxs fd Jh jke ds çfr nqjkpj.k ds /kU;LRoa u Ro;k rqY;a i';kfe txrhrysA
fy;s os çk;f'pr djsxa ]s ou esa mudk LFkku ysdjA v;Runkxra jkT;a ;LRoa R;DrqfegsPNflAA II.85.12
vkuk¸; p egkckgqa dkSlY;k;k egkcye~A ßvki fdrus egku gSa] vki /kU; gSa! fcuk fdlh ç;Ru ds vkidks bruk fo'kky
Lo;eso ços{;kfe oua eqfufu"ksfore~AA II.74.31 jkT; çkIr gqvk] ftldks vki iwjs lEeku ds lkFk ys ldrs gSaA ;fn vki ,slk djrs
ßegkcyh dkSly ujs'k Jh jke dks yksVk dj] mUgsa jkT; flagklu ij Hkh] rks vkidks dksbZ nks"k ugha ns ldrk FkkA rFkkfi vki mldk ifjR;kx djuk pkgrs
inklhu djds eSa Lo;a eqfu tu lsfor tu esa ços'k d:¡xkAÞ firk ds Jk¼ ds gSa] ,d ,sls mís'; dh ifjiw£r ds fy;s] ftls vki viuk ije dÙkZO; ekurs gSaA vkids
i'pkr~ pkSngosa fnu tc ea=h eaMy us Hkjr ls jkT; xzg.k djus dk çLrko fd;k] leku /kekZRek eq>s bl HkweaMy ij dksbZ vU; fn[kkbZ ugha nsrkAÞ
mUgksua s vfHk"ksd lkexzh dh ifjØek djds ogk¡ mifLFkr gq, lc yksxksa ls bl çdkj ;g ckr lqudj fd Jh jke vius lkfFk;ksa lfgr ogk¡ ,d jkr unh ds rV ij
dgk % Bgjs Fks] Hkjr rhoz O;Fkk ladqy gks x, vkSj fu"kknjkt ls dgus yxs] ß;gh og LFky gS]
jke% iwoksZ fg uks Hkzkrk Hkfo";fr eghifr%A tgk¡ esjs HkS;k vkSj HkkHkh us mu lc foykl lkefxz;ksa dk ifjR;kx fd;k] ftuds os vf/
vga Roj.;s oRL;kfe o"kkZf.k uo i´p pAA II.79.8 kdkjh FksA ;gk¡ os dq'kk ij ysVs vkSj cSBs vkSj ;gha mUgksaus viuh lkt&lTtk lkexzh
ßJh jke gh gekjs cMÛs HkkbZ gSaA vr,o] ogh jktk gksaxsA mu pkSng o"kZ mrkj MkyhA ;gha os tu lk/kkj.k ds leku jgsA vc rqe eq>s Bhd&Bhd ml LFkku dk
fuokZlu dky esa eSa Jh jke ds cnys esa ou esa jgw¡xkAÞ crkvks] tgk¡ esjs HkkbZ us 'k;u fd;k Fkk] tgk¡ esjh HkkHkh us 'k;u fd;k FkkA eq>s og lc
blds ifjçs{; esa mudk mís'; ;g çrhr gksrk gS % dqN crkvks mUgksua s D;k fd;k\Þ o.kZu] pkgs fdruk Hkh foLr`r Fkk] fdUrq mUgsa larks"k ugha
gks ik jgk FkkA iwjh jkr Hkj os xqg ls o`ÙkkUr lqurs jgsA xqgjkt us ;g Hkh crk;k fdl
u ldkeka dfj";kfe Lokfeeka ekr`xfU/kuhe~A çdkj Jh jke us muds }kjk Hksts x, ukuk Hkk¡fr ds [kk| inkFkZ Lohdkj fd;s] fdUrq
ous oRL;kE;ga nqxZs jkeks jktk Hkfo";frAA II.79.12
{kk=/keZ dks Lej.k djds xzg.k ugha fd;k vkSj vknjiwoZd ykSVk fn,A lhrk lfgr Jh
ßftlesa ys'kek= gh ekr`Hkko 'ks"k gS vFkkZr~ tks dsoy uke ek= ds fy, gh jke us ml jkr miokl gh fd;kA y{e.k tks ty yk;s Fks] dsoy mlh dks ihdj larq"V
esjh ek¡ dgykrh gS] viuh ekrk dgykus okyh bl dSd;s h dk euksjFk dnkfi gks x;sA rRi'pkr~ xqg vius LFkku ij ykSV vk;sA fdUrq Hkjr vius /kMÛdrs ân; dks
lQy ugha gksus nw¡xkA Jh jke gh v;ks/;k ds jktk gksxa s vkSj eSa nqxeZ ou esa fuokl gkFk ls nck, o`{k dh tMÛ ds ikl tkdj mu LFkyksa dk fujh{k.k djus yxs D;ksafd os
d:¡xkAÞ LFkku muds fy;s Hkh mrus gh ifo= Fks] ftrus xqg ds fy,A ml LFkku ij igq¡p dj]
bl çdkj os bl L=h ls çfr'kks/k ysuk pkgrs gSAa ßrqe eq>s jktk cukuk tgk¡ mudks crk;k x;k Fkk fd lhrk us ogk¡ 'k;u fd;k Fkk] Hkjr dgrs gSa %
pkgrh Fkha] Jh jke dks ouoklhA bl nq"deZ ds fy, rqEgsa bl naM nsus ds fy, ge
eU;s lkHkj.kk lqIrk lhrkfLe´'k;us 'kqHkkA
viuh Hkwfedk;sa vnyk&cnyh djsxa As eSa ou esa tkÅ¡xk vkSj bl çdkj rqEgsa vfr
;= r= fg n`';Urs lDrk% dudfcUno%AA II.88.15
nq%[kkrZ cukÅ¡xk]Þ ;g mudk vfHkçk; gSA vkidks Lej.k gksxk] tc Hkjr Jh jke
ß'kk;n lhrk HkkHkh vius vkHkw"k.k igu dj gh lks xbZ gksxhA vkSj ;gk¡&ogk¡ eSa
dks ykSVk ykus ds fy;s ekrkvks]a iqjokfl;ksa rFkk lsuk lfgr Ük`xa osjiqj esa xaxk rV ij
lqo.kZ eksrh ns[k ldrk gw¡AÞ
igq¡p]s mudh HksVa fu"kknjkt xqg ls gqbAZ bl fo'kky lsuk dks ns[kdj igy xqg dks
Hkjr ds çfr dqN 'kadk gqbAZ xqg Jh jke ds ije fe= FksA os lkspus yxs fd fuokZlu fopkj ;g gS fd dBksj 'kS¸;k ls f?klV dj vkHkw"k.kksa ls dqN d.k fxj x;s Fks
ds ckn bruk 'kh?kz Hkjr bruh fo'kky lsuk vkSj iwjs jkt egy lfgr D;ksa vk;s gS\a D;ksafd vf/kd le; vHkh ugha xqtÛjk Fkk] fpÊ Hkh vHkh 'ks"k FksA

mÙkjh;fegklDra lqO;Dra lhrk;k rnkA Hkjr dsoy nks js'keh oL= /kkj.k djds] iqjksfgr ofl"B dks vkxs djds]
rFkk ásrs çdk'kUrs lDrk% dkS'ks;rUro%AA II.88.15 iSny gh ogk¡ x;sA mudh vUrjh; vkSj cká iks'kkdÛ esa nks VqdMÛs FksA
fQj mudk è;ku nwljh oLrq ij tkrk gSA ßvkSj gk¡] ;gk¡ ml le; lhrk HkkHkh eSa tkurk gw¡] tc ge fdlh ifo= LFkku ij tkrs gS]a rc js'keh oL= /kkj.k
dh pknj (mÙkjh;k) my> xbZ gksxhA Li"V fn[kkbZ nsrk gS] ;gk¡ fpids gq, js'ke ds dqN djus dh çFkk gSA mUgksua s phj vkSj oYdy /kkj.k ugha fd;sA iks'kkdÛ ds fo"k; esa rks
rkxÛs ped jgs gSAa Þ vki tkurs gh gSa fd yksx fdrus lko/kku gksrs gSAa ;fn fdlh O;fDr dks dksbZ fo'ks"k
;fn lqo.kZd.k vkHkw"k.kksa ls VwV dj brus le; rd fpids jg ldrs Fks] rks igukok ilUn gS] vki oSlh gh iks'kkdÛ igudj mlds lEeq[k tk;saxs] rks og
blls eq>s yxrk gS fd mu fnuksa ef.kdkj dh dyk dqN vf/kd fodflr ugha jgh vo'; gh çlék gksxkA fdUrq] tc Hkjr jke ls feyus x, %
gksxhA ;g ml LFkku ij ns[kdj fd Jh jke] lhrk vkSj y{e.k us viuh lt/kt tfVy phjolua çk´tfya ifrra HkqfoAA II.100.1
R;kx dj vR;Ur lkns thou dk ozr fy;k FkkA os dgrs gSa % os tVk vkSj eksVk [kqjnjk phj oL= /kkj.k fd;s] gkFk tksMÛ dj i`Foh ij iMÛ
v|çHk`fr HkwekS rq 'kf;"os·ga r`.ks"kq okA x,A
Qyewyk'kuks fuR;a tVkphjkf.k /kkj;u~AA II.88.26
bl çdkj os Jh jke ls HksVa djus x,A Jh jke ds ikl igq¡pus ls iwoZ mUgsa
ßvkt ls eSa Hkh ,slk gh djus tk jgk gw¡A eSa Hkh i`Foh ij vFkok ?kkl ij gh
dkQÛh p<ÛkbZ p<uh iMÛh vkSj pyrs le; os vius ân; ds mn~xkj ckgj m¡My s rs gq,
lksÅ¡xkA vc esa dksey 'k¸;k ij 'k;u ugha d:¡xkA xísnkj iyax esjs fy;s R;kT;
'k=q?u dks lqukrs jgs] tks muds lkFk py jgs FksA ogk¡ Hkh os cMÛs vyadkfjd <ax ls
gSAa dsoy Qy&ewy dk gh Hkkstu d:¡xkA lnk oYdy vFkok e`xNkyk rFkk tVk
laons ukRed :i esa viuh Hkkouk,¡ O;Dr djrs gSAa os tks 'yksd dgrs gS]a mudk
/kkj.k fd, jgw¡xkAÞ
vUr bu 'kCnksa esa gksrk gS % û es 'kkfurHkZfo";fr* vFkkZr~ ßesjh vkRek dks 'kkfUr
rL;kFkZeÙq kja dkya fuoRL;kfe lq[ka ousA ugha feysxh] tc rd ;g esjh veqd ckr ugha gksrhAÞ
ra çfrJoekeqP; ukL; feF;k Hkfo";frAA II.88.27
;koé jkea æ{;kfe y{e.ka ok egkcye~A
ßouokl ds ftrus fnu 'ks"k gS] ml dky rd eSa gh ;gk¡ lq[kiwod Z fuokl
oSngs ha ok egkHkkxka u es 'kkafrHkZfo";frAA II.98.6
d:¡xkA esjs HkkbZ us çfrKk dh gS fd ifjokj esa ls fdlh dks ou esa jguk gSA eSa ;gk¡
ßtc rd Jh jke] egkcyh y{e.k vFkok egkHkkxk oSngs h lhrk dks u ns[k
jgw¡xkA ,slk djus ls Jh jke dh dh xbZ çfrKk Hkh Hkax u gksxhA mldh iw£r Hkh gks
yw¡xk] rc rd eq>s 'kkfUr ugha feysxhAÞ
tk;sxhAÞ
;koé pUæladka'ka æ{;kfe 'kqHkekuue~A
olUra HkzkrqjFkkZ; 'k=q?uks ekuqoRL;frA Hkzkrq% iùiyk'kk{ka u es 'kkafrHkZfo";frAA II.98.7
y{e.ksu lg Rok;ksZ á;ks/;ka ikyf;";frAA II.88.28
ßtc rd vius iwtuh; Hkzkrk] Jh jke ds deyny ln`'k fo'kkyus= okys
ßHkkbZ ds ctk;] ou esa fuokl djrs le; 'k=q?u esjs lkFk jgsxa s vkSj cMÛs
lqUnj eq[kpUæ dk n'kZu u dj yw¡xk] rc rd eq>s 'kkfUr ugha feysxhAÞ
HkkbZ] Jh jke y{e.k dks ysdj v;ks/;k dk ikyu djsxa As Þ
fl)kFkZ% [kyq lkSfef=;Z'pUæfoeyksiee~A
vfHk"ks{;fUr dkdqRLFke;ksè;k;ka f}tkr;%A eq[ka i';fr jkeL; jkthok{ka egk|qfrAA II.98.10
vfi es nsork% dq;fZq je lR;a euksjFke~AA II.88.29
ßfu'p; gh lqfe=kuUnu] y{e.k cMÛs HkkX;'kkyh gSA eq>s muls bZ";kZ gksrh
ßv;ksè;k esa czkã.k yksx dkdqRLFk Hkw"k.k Jh jke dk vfHk"ksd djsxa s vkSj
gSA os rks ÏrkFkZ gks x,] tks Jh jke ds dey ln`'k us=okys egkrstLoh eq[k dk
mudks 'kkld cuk;sxa As nsork esjh bl çfrKk dks lQy djsAa Þ ;|fi Hkjr us viuh
fujUrj n'kZu djrs gSAa og eq[k] tks pUæek ds leku fueZy ,oa vkÍkn çnku
iks'kkdÛ cnyus dh ckr rks dgh Fkh] rFkkfi mUgksua s ,slk rqjUr ugha fd;kA vxys
djus okyk gSAÞ
fnu çkr% dky os Hkj}kt eqfu ds vkJe esa igq¡prs gS]a vkSj ogk¡ dfo dgrk gS %
;koé pj.kkS Hkzkrq% ikÆFkoO;´tukfUorkSA
olkuks okllks {kkSe iqjks/kk; iqjks/kle~AA II.90.2 çxzgh";kfe f'kjlk u es 'kkfUrHkZfo";frAA II.98.8

ßtc rd HkkbZ Jh jke ds jktksfpr y{k.kksa ls ;qDr pj.kkjfoUnksa esa fxjdj HkjrL;ku`'kalRoa fofpUR;kga iqu% iqu%A
mudks vius gkFkksa esa ysdj flj ij ugha j[kw¡xk] rc rd eq>s 'kkfUr ugha fey ukuq'kkspkfe firja ekrja pkfi y{e.k AA II.46.8
ldrhAÞ ßtc eSa Hkjr ds dksey LoHkko dk ckj&ckj Lej.k djrk gw¡] ew>s ekrk&firk
;koé jkT;s jkT;kgZ% firìr S kegs fLFkr%A ds fy;s vf/kd fpUrk ugha gksrhA Hkjr mudh ns[kHkky mlh çdkj djsxa ]s tSls esjh
vfHk"ksdtyfDyéks u es 'kkfUrHkZfo";frAA II.98.9 vkSj rqEgkjh mifLFkfr esa djrs FksAÞ
ßtc rd jkT; ds lPps vf/kdkjh vk;Z Jh jke fofHkék leqæksa vkSj ifo= vj.; dkaM esa tc y{e.k dSd;s h ds çfr dBksj 'kCnksa dk ç;ksx djrs gS]a Jh
ufn;ksa ds vfHk"ksd ty ls flDr gksdj v;ksè;k esa firk firkegksa ds jkT; ij jke rqjUr mUgsa jksd nsrs gSa vkSj dgrs gSa %
çfrf"Br ugha gks tk;sxa ]s rc rd esjs eu dks 'kkfUr ugha feysxhAÞ u rs·Eck e/;ek rkr xÆgrO;k dFkapuA
Jh jke dh vksj ls Hkh Hkjr ds çfr fo'okl vlhe FkkA ou dks çLFkku djrs rkeso{s okdqukFkL; HkjrL; dFkka dq:AA III.16.37
le; tc çtktu uxj ds ckgj rd ihNs ihNs vkrs gS]a os yksx jksrs iqdkjrs ßrqEgsa e>yh ekrk dSds;h dh dHkh fuUnk ugha djuh pkfg,A ;fn dqN
;kpuk djrs gS] ßvki gh gekjs ,dek= vkJ; gS] ykSV vkb;sA gesa fdlh vU; ds dguk Hkh pkgks] rks b{okdq oa'k ds Lokeh] Hkjr dh ppkZ djksA gesa ml lnkRek
Hkjksls NksMÛ dj ugha tkb;sAÞ rc Jh jke eqMÛdj muls dgrs gSa % Hkjr dh ppkZ djuk pkfg,A dSd;s h dh ppkZ djds D;ksa vius dks nq%[kh cuk;k
;k çhfrcZgeq ku'p e¸;;ksè;kfuokfluke~A tk;s\Þ
efRç;kFk± fo'ks"ks.k Hkjrs lk fo/kh;rke~AA II.45.6 fuf'prkfi fg es cqf)oZuo}kls n`<ozrkA
ßv;ksè;kokfl;ksa dk esjs çfr tks çse vkSj vknj Hkko gS] og esjh çlékrk ds HkjrLusglarIrk ckfy'kh fØ;rs iqu%AA III.16.38
fy,] Hkjr ds çfr vkSj Hkh vf/kd :i ls gksuk pkfg,AÞ ß;|fi esjh cqf¼ n`<Ûrkiwod Z ozr dk ikyu djrs gq, pkSng o"kZ rd ou esa
l fg dY;k.kpkfj=% dSds¸;kuUno/kZu%A jgus dk fu'pr dj pqdh gS] rFkkfi fç; Hkjr ds Lusg ls lUrIr gksdj esjh bPNk
dfj";fr ;Fkko}% fç;kf.k p fgrkfu pAA II.45.7 gksrh gS fd ,d ckj Hkjr dks ns[k yw¡A rqEgsa ;kn gS u] og le;] tc ge i.kZdVq h
ßmudk pfj= cMÛk lqUnj gS vkSj lcds fy, dY;k.kdkjh gSA dSd;s h uUnu esa Fks\ eq>s Hkjr dh fç;] e/kqj] eu dks Hkkus okyh ve`r ds leku ân; dks vkÍkn
Hkjr lc dqN l¡Hkky ysxa s vkSj vki lcdk ;Fkkor fç; vkSj fgr djsxa As Þ D;k djus okyh ckrsa ;kn vk jgh gSA rqEgsa Hkh ;kn gS u\Þ os dgrs gS]a ßD;k eSa dHkh mUgsa
vkius fdlh jktk dks tkrs le; vius mÙkjkf/kdkjh ds fy;s bruk dqN dgrs lquk gS\ Hkqyk ldrk gw¡\Þ
Kkuo`)ks o;kscyks e`noq hZ;x Z .q kkfUor%A laLejkE;L; okD;kfu fç;kf.k e/kqjkf.k pA
vuq#i% l oks HkrkZ Hkfo";fr Hk;kig%AA II.45.8 â|kU;e`rdYikfu eu% çºyknukfu pAA III.16.39
ßos voLFkk esa NksVs gksus ij Hkh Kku esa cMÛs gSAa ijkØeksfpr xq.kksa ls lEiék
;s fo'ks"k.k /;ku nsus ;ksX; gSAa
gksus ij Hkh LoHkko esa cMÛs dksey gSAa os vki ds fy;s cMÛs ;ksX; jktk gksxa As os çtk
ds ladVksa dk fuokj.k djsxa As Þ dnk Uoga les";kfe Hkjrsu egkReukA
;g cMÛs eTÛks dh ckr gS fd Jh jke Hkjr ls dsoy ,d fnu gh cMÛs Fks] fQj 'k=q?usu p ohjs.k Ro;k p j?kquUnuAA III.16.40
Hkh os muds fy, ^cky* 'kCn dk ç;ksx djrs gSAa ßy{e.k! ;s pkSng o"kZ dHkh lekIr gksxa s Hkh\ dc og fnu vk;sxk] tc eSa
rqEgkjs lkFk pydj egkRek Hkjr vkSj ohjoj 'k=q?u ls feyw¡xk\ D;k ge lc
Hkjr% [kyq /kekZRek firja ekrja p esA
feydj ,d ckj fQj ,df=r gksdj ,d dqVEq c ds leku jg ldsxa \s Þ
/kekZFkZdkelfgrSokZD;Sjk'oklf;";frAA II.46.7
tc os y{e.k ls okrkZyki djrs gS]a rks dgrs gS]a ßD;k rqe ,slh dYiuk Hkh vc ge ;q¼ dkaM ij vk;sAa jko.k dk o/k gks pqdk gSA foHkh"k.k dk vfHk"ksd
dj ldrs gks fd gekjs firk vkSj ekrkvksa dks] ftudks ge ihNs NksMÛ vk;s gS]a fdlh Hkh gks pqdk gSA lhrk ls lEcfU/kr vfUre n`'; Hkh lekIr çk; gSAa Jh jke v;ks/;k
çdkj dk d"V mudks gksus dh lEHkkouk gS\ ugha] Hkjr cgqr lPpfjr iq= gSAa Þ ykSVus dh rS;kjh dj jgs gSAa foHkh"k.k muls dqN fnu vkSj #dus dh fourh djrs gS]a

ßvkius bruh nwj ls vkus dh Ïik djh vkSj fo'kky jkT; fnykus esa esjh lgk;rk çk;% fgUnqvksa esa ijEijk ls dSd;s h ,d ?k`f.kr vkSj dyafdr :i esa ns[kh tkrh jgh
dhA vc dqN FkksMÛs fnu Bgj dj esjk vkfrF; Lohdkj dj eq>s ÏrkFkZ dhft;s]Þ gSA vius bu nks"kksa ds dkj.k mls dkQÛh Hkkjh dÛher pqdkuh iMÛh gSA vius thou
bl çdkj foHkh"k.k ;g dgrs gSAa ßD;k vki ,sls gh pys tk;sxa ]s loZFkk mfpr dky esa Hkh mlds çfr vi'kCnksa dh dksbZ deh ugha jgh FkhA ijUrq ge ;kn j[ks]a
ugha\Þ jkt?kjkuksa esa bl çdkj dks "kM~;U=ksa dk gksuk vlkekU; ugha gSA ,d L=h dk vius
iwftrks·ga Ro;k lkSE; lkfpO;su ijUriAA csVs dks jkT; fnykus ds fy;s "kM~;U= jpuk vlk/kkj.k ugha gSA nq%[k dsoy bl
lokZReuk p ps"VkfHk% lkSânsuksÙkesu pA ckr dk Fkk fd ,slk b{okdq dqy esa ?kVk] tgk¡ Jh jke ç/kku ik= FksA ijUrq vki
u [kYosré dq;k± rs opua jk{kls'ojAA tkurs gS]a dSd;s h ,d Hkyh efgyk gqvk djrh Fkh] tks jke dks mruk gh I;kj djrh
ra rq es Hkzkrja æ"Vqa Hkjra Rojrs eu%A Fkh] ftruk fd Hkjr dks] ij fdl çdkj ,d prqj "kM~;U=dkfj.kh us mls vuSfrd
eka fuorZf;rqa ;ks·lkS fp=dwVeqikxr%AA dk;Z ds fy;s mdlk;kA
f'kjlk ;kprks ;L; opua u Ñra e;kA VI.124.17-20 y{e.k vkSj lhrk lfgr Jh jke ds ouxeu ds i'pkr~ 'kksdkdqy n'kjFk us
Jh jke mÙkj esa dgrs gS]a ßesjs ikl fe= vkSj mÙke lfpo cukdj rqeus lc çk.k R;kx fn,A ik¡p nwr dsd; ns'k Hksts x,] tgk¡ Hkjr 'k=q?u lfgr viuh
çdkj dh ps"Vkvksa }kjk esjk lEeku fd;kA rqeus vius 'kkS;Z vkSj ijkØe ls gk£nd ufugky esa FksA nwrksa dks funs'Z k fd;k x;k Fkk fd fdlh çdkj dk 'kksd çdV u
lgk;rk nhA esjs fy;s rks ;gh cgqr dqN gSA vc vkSj vkfrF; dh D;k vko';drk djrs gq, Hkjr ls dsoy bruk dgs]a ßiqjksfgr th rFkk leLr eaf=eaMy us vkidks
gS\ eSa ,slk D;ksa dj jgk gw¡] jk{kls'oj\ D;k rqe ,slk lksp ldrs gks fd esjs eu esa 'kqHkdkeuk;sa Hksth gS]a vc vki ;gk¡ ls 'kh?kz gh pfy,] v;ksè;k esa vR;Ur vko';d
Hkh rqEgsa çlék djus vkSj rqEgkjs çfr viuk Lusg çn£'kr djus dh bPNk ugha gS\ dk;Z gSAÞ Hkjr dks viuh vuqifLFkfr esa ?kVh ?kVukvksa dh fcYdqy tkudkjh ugha
rqEgkjs bl vuqjks/k dks eSa fu'p; gh vLohdkj ugha dj ldrkA ,slk dnkfi ugha FkhA /;ku jgs fd nwr mUgsa okLrfod ugha crkrsA os 'kh?kz gh çLFkku djrs gSAa
lkspuk fd eSa bruk vf'k"V gw¡ fd rqEgkjs fuea=.k dks vLohdkj d:¡A fdUrq] esjh çLFkku ls iwoZ os nwrksa ls vius ifjokj ds lnL;ksa dk dq'ky&{kse iwNrs gSAa dkS'kY;k]
foo'krk ;g gS fd eSa ;gk¡ vkSj vf/kd #d ugha ldrk D;ksfa d bl le; esjk eu Jh jke] y{e.k vkfn ds fo"k; esa iwNrkN djrs gSAa çR;sd ds fy;s fdlh u fdlh
vius HkkbZ dks ns[kus ds fy;s vkrqj gSA esjk ,slk HkkbZ] tks turk] lsuk vkSj ifjokj vPNs 'kCn dk ç;ksx djrs gSAa ßD;k /keZKk vk;kZ dkS'kY;k dks dksbZ d"V rks ugha gS\
lfgr eq>s ykSVk ys tkus ds fy;s fp=dwV vk;k FkkA esjs pj.kksa esa flj >qdkdj ohj y{e.k vkSj 'k=q?u dh ekrk lqfe=k LoLFk vkSj lq[kh rks gS\a Þ bl çdkj ge
;kpuk djus ij Hkh viuh çfrKk ds çfr n`<Ûozrrk ds dkj.k] fu"Bqj cudj] ns[krs gSa os dkS'kY;k vkSj lqfe=k ds fy;s os ^/keZKk* 'kCn dk ç;ksx djrs gSaA fdUrq]
ftldh ckr eSua s ugha ekuh] ogh ckr vc eq>s [kVd jgh gSAÞ tc os Lo;a viuh ekrk ds fo"k; ij vkrs gS]a ;|fi vHkh rd dSd;s h }kjk fd, x;s
vc eSa Hkjr ds pfj= ,d ,sls va'k ij vkrk gw¡] ftldks NksMÛk ugha tkuk vfu"V dk mUgsa dksbZ vuqeku Hkh u Fkk] fQj Hkh os bl çdkj dgrs gSa %
pkfg,A tc ge mudks Jh jke ds HkkbZ ds :i esa ns[krs gS]a muds pfj= dk ,d vkRedFkk lnk p.Mh Øks/kuk çkKekfuuhA
,slk igyw Hkh gS] ftldh ppkZ djuk lq[kn ugha gSA eSa mldk mYys[k d:¡xk] vjksxk pkfi es erk dSd; s h fdeqokp gAA II.70.10
fdlh fNækUos"k.k dh n`f"V ls ugha] u gh ,d lpeqp egku pfj= dh xfjek dks ßvkRedkek vFkkZr~ tks lnk viuk gh LokFkZ fl¼ djus dh dkeuk djrh gS
fdlh çdkj de djus ds vfHkçk; lsA esjk mís'; rks dsoy ;g fn[kykuk gS fd vkSj tks vius dks cgqr cqf¼erh le>rh gS] ml mxz LoHkko okyh Øks/k'khyk esjh
dqN ,sls yksx Hkh gksrs gS]a ftuds eu esa fdlh ds çfr fd;s x, vU;k; vFkok cqjkbZ ek¡ dks rks dksbZ d"V ugha gS\ mlus D;k dgk gS\Þ os iwNrs gSAa
ds dkj.k bruh ?k`.kk mRiék gks tkrh gS fd mlls muds O;fDrRo dk lkeatL; Hkax vc eSa iwNrk gw¡] vkidh ekrk] pkgs fdruh Hkh D;ksa cqjh u gks] mlds
gks tkrk gSA Hkjr esa ml xq.k dk vHkko Fkk] tks ,d dÙkZO;fu"B iq= esa gksuk pkfg,A vkpj.k ds fo"k; esa vkidks /kkj.kk fdruh Hkh [Ûkjkc D;ksa u gks] fQj Hkh D;k mlds
os vius firk ds çfr iw.kZr;k fu"Bkoku vkSj J¼kyq FksA mUgsa dsoy ;gh ialn Fkk ikl ls vk;s gq, nwrksa ds lkeus vki bl çdkj cksyxas \s fu'p; gh vki mudks
fd tÛjk th.kZ voLFkk esa os dSds;h dh gj ckr eku ysrs Fks vkSj mUgksaus bu lacksf/kr djrs le; bl <ax ls ckrphr ugha djsxa As bl çdkj dh dksbZ uSfrd
Hkkoukvksa dks dkQÛh dBksj 'kCnksa esa vfHkO;Dr fd;k gSA ijUrq bl le; rks eSa muds ck/;rk rks ugha fd vki viuh ekrk ds fo"k; esa lnk lR; gh cksy]as vkSj fcuk bl
viuh ekrk dSd;s h ds çfr lEcU/kksa ds fo"k; esa lksp jgk gw¡A ge ;g ;kn j[ksa fd fo"k; es]a fdlh vuqjks/k dsA ;g ,slh P;qfr gS] ftldks eSa {kek ugha dj ldrkA

ekrk] pkgs fdruh Hkh vuSfrd D;ksa u gks] ,d iq= dh mlds çfr ,slh eukso`fÙk ugha vkHkw"k.k /kkj.k dj] Hkk¡fr&Hkk¡fr ds vkHkw"k.kksa ls lt&/kt dj ogk¡ vk igq¡prh gS]
gksuh pkfg,A eSa ;g dguk ugha pkgrk fd os viuh ekrk dh vdkj.k gh vkSj feF;k vR;k/kqfud] jktjkfu;ksa ds ;ksX; vkHkw"k.k 'kjhj ij /kkj.k fd;s gq,A dfo ,slk
Hkko ls ç'kalk djrk jgsA mUgsa ,slk djus dh dksbZ vko';drk ughaA ;fn vU; yksx dgrk gS fd og ,d foHkwf"kr okujh ds leku tku iMÛrh FkhA og egy ds ml
mldh cqjkbZ Hkh djs]a rks mUgsa pqi gh jguk pkfg,] ,d 'kCn Hkh vi;'k dk cksyuk LFky ij vk;h] tgk¡ 'k=q?u mifLFkr FksA ml ij n`f"V iMÛrs gh }kjiky us mldks
ugha pkfg,A ekrk ds çfr ,d okD;q¼ NsMÛ nsuk vR;Ur dyaddj vkSj fuUnkRed gSA idMÛ fy;k vkSj ?klhV dj 'k=q?u dks lkSia rs gq, dgk] ßblh ds dkj.k Jh jke dks
ckn esa ?kj ykSVus ij tc mUgsa irk pyrk gS fd mudh ek¡ us muds fy, ou tkuk iMÛk] vkids firk us 'kjhj ifjR;kx fd;kA og Øwj deZ djus okyh ikfiuh
D;k fd;kA os iwjs nks lxks± esa vR;Ur v{kE; Hkk"kk esa ek¡ dh HkRlZuk djrs gSAa eSa dqN ;gh gSA vc ;g ;gk¡ vkdj iqjLÏr vkHkw"k.kksa dk çn'kZu dj jgh gSAÞ ;g ns[kdj
pqus gq, 'yksd vkids lkeus çLrqr djrk gw¡] tks eq>s fo'ks"k :i ls mYys[kuh; Øks/kksUeÙk 'k=q?u us ,d ccZjrkiw.kZ vf'k"V <ax ls dqCtk dks ckyksa ls idMÛ fy;k
yxrs gSaA vkSj vkØks'k esa Hkj dj mls TÛkehu ij ?klhVus yxsA ,slh vf'k"V ?kVuk dnkfpr~~
RoRÑrs es firk o`Ùkks jke'pkj.;ekfJr%A vkt ugha ?kVsxh] ijUrq mu fnuksa Hkkokos'k mxz gksrs Fks vkSj euq"; mudk fu;U=.k
v;'kks thoyksds p Ro;kga çfrikfnr%AA II.74.6 djuk ugha tkurs FksA
ßrqEgkjs gh dkj.k esjs firk dh e`R;q gqb]Z Jh jke dks Hkh ou dk vkJ; ysuk rL;k ákÑ";ek.kk;k eUFkkjk;kLrrLrr%A
iMÛkA eq>s Hkh rqeus bl txr esa ihf<Û;ks&a ihf<Û;ksa rd ds fy, dyafdr dj fn;kAÞ fp=a cgqfo/ka Hkk.Ma i`fFkO;ka r}î'kh;ZrAA
ekr`#is eekfe=s u`'kals jkT;dkeqdAs rsu Hkk.Msu ladh.kZ Jheæktfuos'kue~A
u rs·gefHkHkk";ks·fLe nqoÙ`Z ks ifr?kkfrfuAA II.74.7 v'kksHkÙk rnk Hkw;% 'kkjna xxua ;FkkAA II.78.17,18
tc eUFkjk ?klhVh tk jgh Fkh] mlh le; mlds ukuk çdkj ds fofp=
ßnqjkpkfj.kh] ifr?kkfruh] rqe ekrk ds :i esa esjh 'k=q gksA eSa rqels ckr Hkh
vkHkw"k.k dBksj /kjrh ij jxMÛ [kkdj VwV&VwV dj b/kj&m/kj fc[kj x,] vkSj
ugha djrkAÞ
lqo.kZ fpÊ ogk¡ lc txg NwV x,A vkHkw"k.kksa ds VqdMÛkas ls og 'kksHkuh; fo'kky
u Roe'oirs% dU;k /keZKjktL; /kher%A jktHkou u{k=ekykvksa ls vyaÏr 'kjRdky ds vkdk'k dh Hkk¡fr vf/kd lq'kksfHkr
jk{klh r= tkukfl dqyç/oafluh firq%AA II.74.9 gks jgk FkkA
ßrqe cqf¼eku /keZjkt v'oifr dh dU;k ugha gks] Hkwy ls muds dqy esa
dksbZ jk{klh iSnk gks xbZ] tks firk ds oa'k dk fo/oal djus okyh gksAÞ ;g m¼j.k eSua s ;g crkus ds fy;s fn;s gSa fd mu fnuksa Lo.kZdkjksa dh dyk
iw.kZr;k fodflr ugha gqbZ FkhA ,slk çrhr gksrk gS] eUFkjk us vius 'kjhj ij lkS ;k
lk RoefXua çfo'k ok Lo;a ok naMdku~ fo'kA
nks lkS vkHkw"k.k /kkj.k fd;s gksxa As vU;Fkk] os i`Foh ij fxjrs Hkh] rks ml LFkku dk
jTtqa c/kku ok d.Bs u fg rs·U;Rijk;.ke~AA II.74.33
;g o.kZu ugha fd;k tk ldrk] fd ekuks vkdk'k dk ,d VqdMÛk u{k=ksa lfgr i`Foh
ßvc rqe D;ksa tyrh vkx esa ços'k ugha djrh\ vFkok tgk¡ rqeus esjs HkkbZ
ij fxjk gksA mldks NqMÛkus ds fy;s mldh lf[k;k¡ tkdj dSd;s h ls fuosnu djrh
vkSj HkkHkh dks Hkst fn;k gS] rqe Lo;a Hkh ml naMdkj.; esa pyh tkvks vFkok xys
gaAS dSd;s h mls NqMÛkus ds fy;s ogk¡ vkrh gSA rc mUgksua s mls f/kDdkjrs gq, mlds
esa jLlh ck¡/k dj çk.k ns nksA blds vfrfjDr rqEgkjs fy, dksbZ xfr ugha gSAÞ
çfr cMÛh dBksj ckrsa dghaA mUgsa lqudj dSd;s h dks cgqr nq%[k gqvkA og 'k=q?u ds
vgeI;ofua çkIrks jkes lR;ijkØesA Hk; ls Hkjr dh 'kj.k esa vkbZAa Hkjr dk /;ku mudh vksj fcYdqy ugha tkrk gS vkSj
ÑrÑR;ks Hkfo";kfe foçokflrdYe"k%AA II.74.34 'k=q?u dks Øks/k ls Hkjk ns[kdj] Hkjr muls dgrs gSa %
ßlR; ijkØeh Jh jke dks tc eSa v;ks/;k ykSVk ykÅ¡xk] tc os v;ks/;k dh
vo/;k% loZHkwruka çenk% {kE;rkfefrA II.78.21
Hkwfe ij inkiZ.k djsxa s vkSj eSa ;g lc jkT; mUgsa lkSia nw¡xkA rHkh ;g esjk dyad
ßbls {kek dj nks] lHkh çkf.k;ksa esa ls fL=;ksa dk mRihMÛu ugha gksuk pkfg;s]Þ
nwj gksxk] rHkh eSa ÏrÏR; gksÅ¡xkAÞ
dSd;s h mlds fy;s ;kpuk djrh gSA fQj Hkjr 'k=q?u ls dgrs gSa %
dqN gh {k.k ckn ,d vR;Ur gkL;tud n`'; ?kfVr gksrk gSA eUFkjk] tks
viuh lsokvksa ds fy;s dSd;s h }kjk iqjLÏr dh x;h Fkh] og vax çfr vax ij

gU;kegfeeka ikika dSd; s ha nq"Vpkfj.khe~A Øks/kukeÑrçKka nÌrka lqHkxekfuuhe~A
;fn eka /kkÆedks jkeks uklw;Us ekr`?kkrde~AA II.78.22 ,s'o;Zdkeka dSd; s heuk;kZek;Z#fi.khe~AA
ß;fn eq>s ;g Hk; u gks fd /kekZRek Jh jke ekr`?kkrh le> dj ?k`.kk djus eeSrka ekrja fof) u`'kalk ikifu'p;ke~A
yxsxa ]s rks eSa Hkh nq"V vkpj.k djus okyh ikfiuh dSd;s h dks ekj MkyrkA ;fn eq>s ;rksey w a fg i';kfe O;lua egnkReu%AA II.92.25-27
,slk fuf'pr gksrk fd esjs HkkbZ eq>ls ukjkTÛk ugha gks tk;sxa ]s rks eSa Hkh bls blh txg ßftlds dkj.k Jh jke vkSj y{e.k ;gk¡ ls çk.k ladV dh voLFkk ouokl esa
ekj MkyrkAÞ tk igq¡p]s rFkk jktk n'kjFk iq= fo;ksx ds dkj.k LoxZoklh gq,] tks LoHkko ls gh
fuLlUnsg ;g Hkk"kk mfpr ugha gS] tks fdlh fu"Bkoku iq= dks viuh ek¡ ds cgqr Øksf/kuh] xohZyh] vius vkidks vR;Ur lqUnjh] ,s'o;Z yksyiq k ekurha gS] tks
çfr ç;ksx djuh pkfg,A ns[kus esa vk;kZ çrhr gksrh gS] fdUrq okLro esa vuk;kZ gS] bl dSd;s h dks esjh ekrk
lef>,A ;gh leLr ladV dh ewy gSAÞ
bekefi grka dqCtka ;fn tkukfr jk?ko%A
Roka p eka p fg /kekZRek ukfHkHkkf";rs /kzoq e~AA II.78.23 LokHkkfod gh Fkk fd Hkj}kt vR;Ur pfdr gq,] ;g ns[kdj fd ,d iq=
ß;fn /kekZRek Jh jke bl dqCtk ds ekjs tkus dk lekpkj tku yaxs ]s rks viuh ekrk ds fo"k; esa bl <ax ls ckr djsA ml le; Hkfo";Kkrk vkSj Jh jke
fu'p; gh os eq>ls cksyuk NksMÛ nsxa As Þ tc Hkjr egkrstLoh Hkj}kt eqfu ds vkJe vorkj dk ç;kstu tkuus okys cqf¼eku eg£"k Hkj}kt us Hkjr ls ;g ckr dgh]
ij igq¡p]s Hkj}kt Hkh muds ckjs esa dqN lUnsg djrs gSAa Hkjr mUgsa iw.kZr;k vk'oLr ßHkjr! rqe dSd;s h ds çfr nks"k&n`f"V u viukvksA tks dqN dSd;s h us fd;k] mldk
dj nsrs gSa fd os Jh jke dks çlék djds v;ks/;k ykSVk ykus vkSj muds pj.kksa esa vfHkçk; rqe bl le; ugha tkursA ;g ladV fu'p; gh fo'o dY;k.k ds fy, gSAa
oUnuk djus ds fy;s tk jgs gSAa Hkj}kt us çlék gksdj Hkjr ls dgk] ßBhd gS] vc Jh jke dk ;g ouokl Hkfo"; esa cMÛk lq[kn gksxkA ge lcdk Hkyk gksxk] tks dqN
dy rqe fp=dwV dh vkSj çLFkku djukA vc vki bl vkJe esa foJke djks] vPNk!Þ dkj.ko'k mlus fd;k gS] mllsA vr% mlds çfr bl çdkj u cksyksAÞ ijUrq Hkjr
eqfu Hkj}kt us lsuk lfgr Hkjr dk fnO; lRdkj fd;kA Hkjr ifjokj lfgr ds fopkjksa esa fdf´pr ifjorZu ugha vk;kA ;g Lej.k jgs fd blds ckotwn fd
eqfu dk vkfrF; xzg.k djds jkr Hkj muds vkJe esa jgsA çkr% dky Hkjr fp=dwV dSd;s h ;g çek.k ns pqdh Fkh fd mlds vkpj.k esa cgqr lq/kkj vk pqdk gS& og
ds fy;s çLFkku dh vkKk ysus ds fy;s ½f"k ds ikl x;sA eqfu us fp=dwV ds ekxZ iqjkuh dSd;s h ugha jgh] ftlus jktk n'kjFk dks vkRexkSjo dh Å¡pkb;ksa ds f'k[kj
dh lfoLrkj tkudkjh nhA ;g lqudj fd vc fp=dwV ds fy;s çLFkku djuk gS] ls nqn'Z kk ds xrZ esa fxjk fn;k FkkA ;g Li"V gS fd og Hkh tulewg dks Vksyh esa
jktk n'kjFk dh fL=;k¡ eg£"k dks ç.kke djus ds fy;s muds pkjksa vkSj [kMÛh gks xb±A lfEefyr gqbZ rFkk dkS'kY;k vkSj lqfe=k ds lax ,d gh okgu esa vkbZ (tSlk fd
ckjh ckjh mUgksua s eqfu ds pj.kksa dk Li'kZ fd;k vkSj ifjØek dhA dfo fo'ks"k :i ls dfo dgrk gS)A blls Li"V gS fd og Hkh Jh jke dh okilh dh bPNqd FkhA ijUrq
bldk mYys[k djrk gS fd mUgksaus lpeqp muds pj.k Li'kZ fd;sA çk;% ,slk fQj Hkh Hkjr dk ân; mlds çfr fdf´pr ek= Hkh ugha fi?kykA ckn esa Hkh] tc os
vktdy ugha gksrk D;ksfa d dksbZ egkRek vktdy vius pj.kksa dk Li'kZ ugha djus ml egk okn&fookn esa Jh jke ls okrkZyki djrs gS]a rks os fQj Hkh ,slk dgrs gSa %
nsrkA egkeqfu us Hkjr ls iwNk] ÞrqEgkjh bu ekrkvksa dk fo'ks"k ifjp; D;k gS\ eSa çksf"kr ef; ;Rikia ek=k eRdkj.kkRÑreAA
tkuuk pkgrk gw¡Aß Hkjr us dkS'kY;k vkSj lqfe=k dk ifjp; vrho ç'kalkRed Hkk"kk {kqæ;k rnfu"Va es çlhnrq Hkoku~ eeA
esa fn;kA os dgrs gS]a ß;s tks nsoh lh n`f"Vxkspj gks jgh gS] ;s esjs firk dh lcls cMÛh /keZcU/ksu c)ks·fLe rsues ka usg ekrje~AA* II.106.8,9
egkjkuh dkS'kY;k gSAa bu dkS'kY;k nsoh us iq#"kflag Jh jke dks tUe fn;k gSA budh ßtc eSa ijns'k esa Fkk] esjh vuqifLFkfr es]a uhp fopkj j[kus okyh esjh ekrk
ck;ha vksV esa tks mnkl eu ls [kMÛh gS] os egkjkt dh ea>yh jkuh lqfe=k nsoh gSA us esjs fy, iki dj Mkyk] og eq>s vHkh"V ugha gSA vr% vki mls {kek djds eq>s
esjs nksuksa HkkbZ] y{e.k vkSj 'k=q?u buds iq= gSAa Þ fdUrq] tc os viuh ek¡ ds fo"k; ij çlék gksAa eSa /keZcU/ku esa c¡/kk gw¡A blfy, vfu"Vdkfj.kh ekrk dks naM nsdj
ij vkrs gSa] rks dgrs gSa % ekjk Hkh ugha ldrkA
;L;k% Ñrs ujO;k?kzkS thouk'kferks xrkSA gfUe rhoz.s k n.Msu n.Mkgk± ikidkfj.khe~A II.106.10
jktk iq=foghu'p Lox± n'kjFkks xr%AA * nsf[k, v-8, i`-110.

vU;Fkk ekj nsrkAÞ vusu dSd¸s ;k nks"kjkfgR;a lwfpre~A
os ;g lc Lo;a jke ls dgrs gSAa blds i'pkr~ ,d ckj fQj bl iwjs çlax Jh jke dk pfj= bruk mnkÙk gS fd ;fn TÛkjk lk dyad dSd;s h esa 'ks"k jgk
ij fopkj djrs gq, os dgrs gS]a ßesjh ek¡ dh djrwrksa ij /;ku u dhft;sA HkS;k! ml Hkh gksrk] fQj Hkh os mudks vfHkoknu djus ls dÙkZO;P;qr ugha gks ldrs FksA vU;
çlax dks efLr"d ls fudky nhft,A esjh ek¡ dk vkpj.k vuSfrd Fkk] og rks ekrkvksa dh Hkk¡fr] os Hkh mudh ekrk FkhaA os ys'kek= Hkh muds çfr vius dÙkZO; dks
ikipkfj.kh Fkh] mlus "kM~;U= jpdj lc dqN cckZn dj fn;kA eSa rks mls vHkh u HkwyAs os dHkh Hkh mUgsa mu vknjlwpd fpÊksa ls of´pr ugha j[k ldrs Fks] tks os
ekj dj ;eyksx igq¡pk nw¡] ijUrq eSa /keZ ds fopkj ls ,slk djus ls Mjrk gw¡AÞ ,d dkS'kY;k vkSj lqfe=k ds çfr çn£'kr djrs FksA blesa dksbZ lUnsg ughaA
ckj fQj Jh jke ,d vge Hkwfedk vnk djrs gSAa os cMÛh xEHkhjrk ls dSd;s h dk blds vfrfjDr] tSlk fd eSa crk pqdk gw¡] dSds;h dks vius fd;s ij
i{k ysrs gSaA vkidks Lej.k gksxk] vkBosa vè;k; esa Hkjr vkSj jke ds chp i'pkrki Hkh gks jgk FkkA fo'ks"k :i ls ^lokZ* 'kCn ds ç;ksx ls dfo dk D;k
okn&fookn esa eSua s dqN 'yksd fn;s Fks] tc Jh jke dgrs gS]a ßrqe ekrk dSd;s h ds vfHkçk; gks ldrk gS] ftlds dkj.k Vhdkdkj dks ;g dgus dk volj feyk fd
çfr dksbZ nqjkpj.k ugha djks] eSa rqEgsa viuh vksj lhrk dh 'kiFk fnykdj dgrk gw¡ dSd;s h dks i'pkr~ki gks jgk FkkA ;|fi Vhdkdkj Lo;a ,slk dqN ugha Hkh dgrk]
fd muds çfr dHkh nqopZ u dk ç;ksx u djuk] u gh fdlh çdkj dk d"V nsuk fdUrq tgk¡ rd esjh le> esa vkrk gS] eSa dgrk gw¡ fd Jh jke Hkjr dks ewr: Z i ls
vFkok vuknj djukAÞ f'k{kk nsus pkgrs FksA D;ksfa d Hkjr us viuh ekrk ds fo"k; esa vuxZy 'kCnksa dk
vc ge vfUre n`'; ij vkrs gS]a tc vius y{; dh vk/kh lQyrk ds i'pkr~& eSa ç;ksx fd;k Fkk vkSj vius dÙkZO; dks loZFkk Hkqykdj vkSjksa ds lkeus gh dSd;s h dks
;g dguk u pkgwx¡ k fd mudk vfHk;ku fu"Qy gqvk& Hkjr ?kj ykSVrs gSAa ;g ml n`"; Hkh ç.kke djds Jh jke us Hkjr dks Bksl çek.k fn;k fd ,d iq= dk dÙkZO; ekrk
dk vfUre 'yksd gSA ds çfr dSlk gksuk pkfg,A ;gh Fkk] mudk mís';A Vhdkdkj us ,d 'kCn vkSj tksMÛ
rr% f'kjfl ÑRok rq iknqds HkjrLrnkA fn;k gS] tks eq>s ,slk çrhr gksrk gS] fd O;k[;k 'kSyh dh fo'ks"krk gS] tks lkekU;r%
v:jksg jFka â"V% 'k=q?usu lefUor%AA II.113.1 bl ns'k esa çpfyr gSA ijUrq ;g loZFkk HkzeksRiknd gSA D;k eSua s vHkh bl 'yksd
dfo dgrk gS fd Hkjr lUrq"V o lq[kh FksA rnuUrj Jh jke dh nksuksa dk mYys[k ugha fd;k Fkk %
pj.k&iknqdkvksa dks vius eLrd ij j[kdj Hkjr 'k=q?u ds lkFk jFk ij cSBAs :nu~ dqVha Loka çfoos'k jke%A
;gk¡ dfo Li"Vr;k mYys[k djrk gS fd Hkjr lUrq"V vkSj çlék FksA vr% dfo dgrk gS] ßvk¡[kksa esa vk¡lw Hkjs Jh jke viuh i.kZdVq h esa pys x;sAÞ
Hkjr ?kj ykSVrs gSAa n`'; dk vfUre 'yksd ;g gS % bldks bruk gh dgdj D;ksa u NksMÛ fn;k tk;s\ bu 'kCnksa esa fdruk lqUnj
ra ekrjks ok"ix`ghrdk.Bîks nq%[ksu ukeU=f;raq fg 'ksd%q A Hkko fufgr gS] tks fd gekjs Hkhrj Jh jke ds çfr çse vkSj J¼ke; Hkkouk tkxzr
l Roso ekr`jfHkok| lokZ :nu~ dqVhZ Loka çfoos'k jke%AA II.112.31 djrk gSA (ekuks os jks jgs Fks vFkok jksus dk vfHku; dj jgs Fks) D;ksfa d os rks egku
rhuksa ekrk;sa Jh jke ls fonk ysuk pkgrh Fkha D;ksfa d okilh dk le; vk x;k iq#"k Fks] vykSfdd Fks] mudk vk¡lw cgkuk vlkekU; gh çrhr gksrk gSA mUgsa jksuk
FkkA fdUrq] os bruh 'kksdkrqj Fkha fd vk¡lv q ksa dh vfojy /kkjk ls xyk mudk #a/k ugha pkfg, Fkk] fdUrq os rks lkekU; ekuo dh Hkk¡fr jks;As ge dks rks mudk vius
x;kA os nq%[k ds dkj.k Jh jke dks lEcksf/kr Hkh u dj ldha] fonk ys gh u ldhaA tSlk O;ogkj gh vf/kd ilUn vkrk gSA ;gh rks gekjs fy;s mudh lkFkZdrk gS]
mi;ksfxrk gSA eSa rks ^#nu* dks 'kkfCnd :i esa ysuk ilUn d:¡xk fd Jh jke
m/kj Jh jke dh voLFkk D;k Fkh\ D;k os vf/kd lq/k&cq/k ;qDr Fks\ muds
vius fu"diV ân; ds dkj.k viuh ekrkvksa vkSj Hkkb;ksa ls] tks mUgsa vR;Ur fç;
eq[k ls Hkh ,d 'kCn Hkh u fudykA os Hkh lc ekrkvksa dks ç.kke djds jksrs gq,
Fks] pkSng o"kZ ds fy;s fcNqMÛrs gq,] fonkbZ ds vfUre {k.kksa esa HkkofoHkksj gks x,A
viuh i.kZdfq V;k esa pys x;sA
dsoy Hkxoku gh tkurk Fkk fd vkxkeh o"kks± esa D;k dqN gksus okyk FkkA fnu&fnu
lc Vhdkdkj fo'ks"k :i ls êkrq%* 'kCn ds lkFk ^lokZ%^ tksMÛrs gSAa dfo D;ksa D;k&D;k ladV >syus iMÛxas ]s dqN Hkh Li"V ugha Fkk] lc dqN va/kdkje; Fkk] ml
fo'ks"k :i ls mYys[k djrk gS fd dSd;s h dks Hkh jke ls vR;Ur J¼k;qDr ç.kke le;A ;fn ,slh fLFkfr esa jke jks iMÛ]s rks D;ksa u ge fo'okl djsa fd os fu"diV
çkIr gq,\ Vhdkdkj Hkh dqN vf/kd gh dgrk gSA mls ,slk dgus dh vko';drk Hkko ls lpeqp jks;&s lpeqp jks;As
ugha FkhA

230 jkek;.k ds T;ksfr&LrEHk pkSngok¡ v/;k; 231

vf/kd voj ugha fxusxa ]s de ls de ikjLifjd okrkZyki ds le; rks os viuh
tkfr ds çfr fuUnkRed 'kCnksa dk ç;ksx ugha djsxa As ^dfiRoa* 'kCn muds fy,
mykgus dk 'kCn ugha gksuk pkfg,] Hkys gh euq"; yksx bls ,slk le>sAa vk'p;Z dh
pkSngok¡ v/;k; ckr rks ;g gS fd ;g 'kCn guqeku }kjk dgk x;k] ekuks os ml tkfr dk migkl
lqxzho dj jgs gks]a ftlesa guqeku Hkh mRiék gq, Fks] ftlds os Lo;a Hkh ,d fof'k"V uewus
FksA bl vlaxfr dk jgL; gesa le>uk pkfg,] og ;g gS fd bl dkO; dk jpf;rk
,d ekuo Fkk] okuj ughaA ^dfiRoa* 'kCn dks mikgkfld :i esa ç;ksx djrs le;
og rR{k.k Hkwy x;k fd oDrk Lo;a Hkh ,d dfi gSA og mu ij euksHkkouk;sa ,slh
jkek;.k esa fpf=r lqxhz o dk thou dky nks Hkkxksa esa foHkDr gS& ,d NksVk vkjksfir djrk gS] ftudh guqeku vkSj lqxzho ds chp O;Dr fd;s tkus dh
vkSj nwljk cMÛkA iwooZ rhZ Hkkx NksVk gSA bl dkykof/k esa lqxhz o dks vius fy, ,d lEHkkouk cgqr de gSA
mfpr LFkku cukuk FkkA og viuk lc dqN [kks cSBk FkkA ,d cMÛs HkkbZ dh rqyuk Jh jke vkSj lqxzho tSls gh fe=rk ds lw= esa c¡/k tkrs gSa] oSls gh os
es]a tks gjsd n`f"V ls mlls vf/kd Js"B Fkk] mldh viuh dksbZ gSfl;r ugha FkhA ,d&nwljs ij iwjk&iwjk Hkjkslk djus yxrs gSAa de ls de vkjEHk esa rks nksuksa us
og lnk mlls nck jgrk Fkk vkSj Hk;kØkUr HkhA mls cMÛh lko/kkuh ls viuk ekxZ ,d&nwljs ij iw.kZ fo'okl vfHkO;Dr fd;kA
ç'kLr djuk FkkA mlds eu esa yksxksa ds çfr vfo'okl jgrk Fkk vkSj Lo;a esa rrks·fXua nhI;ekua rkS pØrq'p çnf{k.ke~AA
vkRefo'okl dh deh FkhA D;ksfa d çk;% mls viuh lgk;rk ds fy, lgk;d fe=ksa lqxhz oks jk?ko'pSo o;L;RoeqikxrkSA
dh [kkst djuh iMÛrh Fkh] og ?kkVs dh gh fLFkfr esa jgrk FkkA tc mlus viuh rr% lqçhreulkS rkoqHkkS gfjjk?kokSAA
dfBu ifjfLFkfr;ksa ij fot; çkIr dj yh vkSj og viuh çfrHkk çfrf"Br djus esa vU;ksU;efHkfo{kUrkS u r`fIreqitXerq%A
lQy gks x;k] rks ekuks mldh ok.kh Hkh vf/kd l'kDr gks xbZ vkSj og vf/kd Roa o;L;ks·fl esa â|ks ásda nq%[ka lq[ka p ukSAA IV.5.16-18
n`<Ûrk ls cksyus nsus yxk vkSj fu.kZ; Hkh ysus yxkA LokHkkfod <ax ls ;g dqN lk{kh ds :i esa vfXu LFkkfir djds lqxhz o vkSj jke us mldh çnf{k.kk dh
fofp= lh ckr Fkh fd tc mlus igyh ckj Jh jke vkSj y{e.k dks ns[kk] rks mls vkSj nksuksa ,d&nwljs ds ije fe= cu x,A ,d&nwljs dk gkFk idMÛdj mUgksua s
yxk fd dgha ;s lc ckfy ds nwr gh u gks]a tks mudk fouk'k djus ds fy, Hksts x;s fu"Bk vkSj dÙkZO; ijk;.krk dh 'kiFk yhA blls nksuksa cMÛs çlék gq,A çR;sd lkspus
gksAa og viuh vk'kadk gqueku ls O;Dr djrk gSA guqeku ;g ckr ekuus ds fy, yxk fd mls mi;qDr lgk;d fe= fey x;kA os ,d&nwljs dks ns[krs gq, rÌr ugha
rS;kj ugha gq,] os mls ,d HkzkUr /kkj.kk eku dj lqxhz o dks f>MÛd nsrs gS]a yxHkx gksrs FksA ml le; lqxhz o us Jh jke ls çlékrkiwod Z dgk] ßvki esjs fç; fe= gSAa
,slh Hkk"kk es]a tks dsoy ,d fo'oluh; ea=h fy;s vuisf{kr FkhA os lqxhz o ds eaf=;ksa vkt ls ge nksuksa dk lq[k&nq%[k ,d gSAa Þ
lcls fof'k"B FksA vU; Hkh ;ksX;rk esa de u Fks& tSls uy] uhy vkSj rkjkA çLrqr
tc muesa fe=rk gqbZ Fkh] vc TÛkjk ;g Hkh Lej.k djsa fd jko.k us ckfy ls
djrk gw¡] eSa ,d 'yksd] ftlesa guqeku ckfy ds dkj.k gksus ckfy lqxzho dh
D;k 'kCn dgs FksA ;fn Hkwy x;s gks]a rks eSa ;kn fnykrk gw¡A
?kcjkgV ij vk'p;Z çdV djrs gSaA bl 'yksd ls ge ,d ykHkçn f'k{kk çkIr dj
ldrs gSaA nkjk% iq=k% iqja jk"Vªa HkksxkPNknuHkkstue~A
vgks 'kk[kke`xRoa rs O;Dreso Iyo³~xeA loZeos kfoHkDra uks Hkfo";fr gjh'ojAA VII.34.41
y?kqfpÙkr;kRekua u LFkki;fl ;ks erkSAA IV.2.17 ßokuj jkt! L=h] iq=] uxj] jkT;] Hkksx] oL= vkSj Hkkstu& bu lHkh
ßvk'p;Z rks ;g gS fd bl le; ;g nqcy Z rk çn£'kr djds vius okujksfpr oLrqvksa ij ge nksuksa dk lk>s dk vf/kdkj gksxkAÞ
piyrk gh çdV dh gSA blhfy, vki vius fopkjksa ij fLFkj ugha gks ik jgs gSAa Þ vkiesa ls dnkfpr~~ dqN ;g lkspsa fd ;g mÙkj dkaM dk 'yksd bruk
çekf.kd ugha] ftrus fd vU; dkaMksa ds 'yksd gSAa ijUrq gekjs Vhdkdkjksa dk ,slk
;gk¡ gesa Lej.k j[kuk pkfg, fd lqxhz o vkSj guqeku] okuj tkfr ds nks
gh vU; <ax gSA tc os mi;qDr le>rs gS]a mÙkj dkaM ds m¼j.kksa dk mi;ksx djrs
lcls ofj"B lnL; FksA lkekU;r% os euq"; tkfr dh rqyuk esa Lo;a dks dqN
230

gS]a vkSj tc os vuqdy w ugha gksr]s rks mudh mis{kk dj nsrs gSAa fdUrq] lk>s dh tk;s] rks lqxhz o dk ;g vkpj.k vUrjkRek dk fcYdqy Li"V mYya?ku gSA ogk¡ Li"V
oLrqvksa eaas jko.k }kjk ^nkjk%* (fL=;ks)a dk lfEefyr djuk dqN vthc lk yxrk :i ls crk;k x;k gS fd jko.k ckfy ds fuokl LFkku ij iwjs ,d ekl Bgjk Fkk]
gSA esjs fopkj esa rks ;g dsoy Hkk"kk dh vfrjatuk ek=k gSA vFkok] lEHkor%] ;g vkSj og Hkh lqxhz o ds leku ,d ifjokj lnL; ds :i esAa ,slh fLFkfr esa lqxhz o dk
jko.k ds vius vUr%iqj esa cgqr lh fL=;ksa ds gksus ds dkj.k muds çfr vYi vknj ;g dFku loZFkk vfo'oluh; vkSj xÛyr yxrk gSA ijUrq eq>s lqxhz o ij Jh jke
dh Hkk"kk dk ifjpk;d gSA vc ,d NksVh lh ckr dk mYys[k djrs gS]a tks dqN ds lkFk eS=h ds vkjEHk esa gh fo'okl?kkr ;k vkjksi yxkus esa ladksp gksrk gS]
çcq¼ oxks± esa fVIi.kh dk fo"k; cu xbZ gSA vki ns[ksxa ]s tc os nksuksa eS=h iDdh D;ksfa d mlh 'yksd esa og ,slk Hkh dgrk gS %
djrs gS]a ml le; lqxhz o Jh jke ls cMÛs eeZHksnh ç'u djrk gSA Jh jke mudk ,oeqDrLrq lqxhz oks jkes.kkrsu Z okuj%A
mÙkj Lo;a u nsdj] vius HkkbZ y{e.k dks mÙkj nsus ds fy, dgrs gSaA ;g vczohRçk´tfyokZD;a lck"ia ck"ixn~xn%AA IV.7.1
jkT;Hkouksa ds f'k"Vkpkj ds fu;eksa ds loZFkk vuqdy w gSA ,d jktk vius cjkcj ds Jh jke us dgk fd ftl fu'kkpj us mUgsa /kks[ks esa Mkydj lhrk dk vigj.k
ntsZ ds jktk dks lEcksf/kr djrk FkkA eaf=;ksa dks ea=h lEcksf/kr djrs FksA vr,o] fd;k gS] og mudk ?kksj 'k=q gS] og mldk irk crk nsAa Jh jke dh ,slh ckrsa
lqxhz o] tks ml le; jktk ugha Fkk] mldk Jh jke dks lEcksf/kr djuk f'k"Vkpkj lqudj lqxhz o dh vk¡[kksa esa vk¡lw Hkj vk, vkSj os gkFk tksMÛdj vJqnx~ n~ daB ls
fo#¼ FkkA ;g ckr dqN pqHkus okyh gSA blls dqN yksxksa esa ,slh /kkj.kk cu x;h cksysA
fd ,sls vkpj.k ls lqxhz o us lpeqp Jh jke dh egkurk ds çfr vuknj Hkko fd;kA blls çrhr gksrk gS fd ml le; lqxhz o <ax ls cksyus esa Hkh vleFkZ FkkA
dqN foifÙk;k¡ tks lqxhz o ij ckn esa iMÛh]a os blh vuknj Hkko dk ifj.kke FkhA ijUrq vr,o] ,slh ifjfLFkfr esa feF;k oDrO; nsus dh laHkkouk cgqr de FkhA Jh jke dks
,slk lkspus dk dksbZ Bksl vk/kkj ugha gS D;ksfa d mlh volj ij ge ns[krs gSa fd Hkh TÛkjk lk lUnsg ugha gqvk fd muls dqN fNik;k x;k gSA
lqxhz o us ,d o`{k dh Mkyh dks rksMÛ dj ,d ,slk vklu cuk;k] ftl ij og vkSj
Jh jke lkFk&lkFk cSB ldsAa rqjUr guqeku Hkh oSlk gh djrs gSa vkSj y{e.k dks e/kqja lkfURorLrsu lqxhz os.k l jk?ko%A
eq[keJqifjfDyéa oL=kUrsu çektZ;u~AA IV.7.15
vius lkFk cSBkus ds fy, vkefU=r djrs gSAa bl ckr dk dksbZ ladrs ugha feyrk
lqxhz o us tc e/kqjok.kh esa bl çdkj lkURouk nh] rc Jh jke us mlds
fd lqxhz o ds vkpj.k ds ihNs Jh jke ds xkSjo ds çfr dksbZ vuknj Hkkouk fufgr
vk¡lv q ksa ls Hkhxs gq, eq[k dks oL= ds Nksj ls iksN
a fy;kA
FkhA eSa ;g Hkh ekuus dks rS;kj ugha gw¡ fd bl LokHkkfod ;qXeu ds QyLo:i fdlh
dks ,slk vglkl gqvk gS fd eS=h ds vkjEHk esa gh lqxhz o fdlh vieku dk nks"kh Fkk] lqxhz o ds opu ls LoLFkfpÙk gksdj Jh jke us bl çdkj dgk %
tkus ;k vutkusA ,"k p çÑfrLFkks·geuquhrLRo;k l[ksA
,d vU; vkjksi tks lqxhz o ij yxk;k tkrk gS] og gS tkudkjh ds fNiko nqyZHkks ghn`'kks cU/kqjfLeu~ dkys fo'ks"kr%AA IV.7.18
dkA tc Jh jke us mlls jko.k dk irk crkus ds fy;s dgk] rks og dgrk gS % ßl[ks! rqEgkjs vk'oklu ls esjh fpUrk lkjh tkrh jghA vc eSa iw.kZ LoLFk gw¡A
u tkus fuy;a rL; loZFkk ikij{kl%A rqEgkjs tSls cU/kq dk fo'ks"kr% ,sls ladV ds le; feyuk dfBu gksrk gSAÞ
lkeF;± foØea okfi nkS"dqy; s L; ok dqye~AA IV.7.2 Jh jke dk ;g dFku Li"V çek.k gS fd lqxhz o dh vksj ls fdlh çdkj dk
og (lqxhz o) mÙkj nsrk gS fd mlds ikl jko.k ds fo"k; esa iwjh tkudkjh ugha Ny&diV ugha [ksyk x;k FkkA Jh jke vkSj lqxhz o ds chp iw.kZ eS=h vkLFkk Fkh]
gSA mldk ;g oDrO;] ßbu lc ckrksa dks eSa loZFkk ugha tkurk]Þ bldk foLl`r ,d&nwljs ij iDdk Hkjkslk FkkA muds chp fdlh çdkj dk ekufld Hksn&Hkko dk
gS fd ;g tkucw> dj fNiko dk vkjksi yxkus ds fy, vi;kZIr gSA dksbZ ladrs ugha feyrkA
esjk viuk Hkh ;gh fopkj gS fd ;g ckr Vkyus ek= dk ç;kl jgk gSA lqxhz o vkidks Lej.k gksxk fd eSaus igys bl ckr ij /;ku fnykuk Fkk] tks
dnkfi bruk vufHkK ugha jgk gksxk] tSlk mlds 'kCn ladrs djrs gSAa og vo'; dnkfpr~~ vYiK ikBdksa esa çpfyr ekU;rk ds foijhr gS] fd ewyikB ls ;g Li"V
gh cgqr dqN tkurk Fkk] ijUrq dnkfpr~~ bruk i;kZIr ugha fd ftlls rR{k.k Jh gS fd lqxhz o us le; ij lhrk dh [kkst vkjEHk djus dk vkns'k ns fn;k FkkA og
jke ds eu esa fo'okl tek ldsA ;fn mÙkj dkaM dh bl ckr dks /;ku esa j[kk viuh okuj lsuk dks le; ls igys gh cqyokuk pkgrk FkkA eSua s bldk dqN ladrs
ugha fn;k] D;ksfa d ml le; vko';drk ugha Fkh fd okLro esa mlus D;k D;k

dÛne mBk;s FksA u dsoy mlus ;g vkns'k fn;k Fkk fd lEiw.kZ okuj lsuk ,d dks Jh jke ls tksMÛk gSA ;g dfo dk lksí's ;] ;kstuk dk Hkkx gSA Jh jke vius er
i[kokMÛs esa ,df=r dh tk;s] vfirq blds vfrfjDr] mlus guqeku vFkok lsukifr dk çfriknu djrs gS] ftls bu egku O;fDr;ksa esa ls dksbZ Hkh le> ugha ldk FkkA
uhy dks] lEHkor% nksuksa dks ,d lkFk gh] vkns'k fn;k Fkk fd vkxkeh vko';d lÑnso çiék; rokLehfr p ;kprsAA
dk;Zokgh esa vfoyEc yx tk;saA esjs fopkj esa ;g mis{kk ds lc vkjksiksa dk vHk;a loZHkwrHs ;ks nnkE;srn~or z a eeA VI. 18.33,34
fujkdj.k djrk gSA eSa igys gh crk pqdk gw¡ fd fdl çdkj y{e.k us rkjk ds eq[k ßtks ,d ckj Hkh 'kj.k esa vkdj êSa rqEgkjk gw¡]* ,slk dg dj eq>ls j{kk dh
ls rF; tku ysus ds i'pkr~] vius }kjk dBksj Hkk"kk vkSj vHkæ O;ogkj ds fy, çkFkZuk djrk gw¡] mls eSa leLr çkf.k;ksa ls vHk; dj nsrk gw¡A ;g esjk lnk dk ozr
iwjk&iwjk [ksn çdV fd;kA lqxhz o us uhy ls dg fn;k Fkk % gSAÞ
gjha'p o`)kuqi;krq lk³~xnks Hkoku~ eekKkef/kÑR; fuf'pkrke~A ;gk¡ ge ns[krs gSa ,d ,slk çk.kh] tks viuk jktikV x¡ok dj okujksa ds lkFk
bfr O;oLFkka gfjiqaxos'ojks fo/kk; os'ke çfoos'k oh;Zoku~AA IV.29.34 ou esa fopj.k dj jgk gS vkSj og dgrk gS] ßeSa fcuk 'krZ ds laj{k.k nw¡xk] tks esjs
ß;g esjh fuf'pr vkKk gSA blds vuqlkj] bl O;oLFkk dk vf/kdkj ysdj ikl vkdj dsoy bruk Hkj dgs] êq> ij Ïik djs*a ] blls vf/kd eq>s dqN ugha
vaxn ds lkFk rqe Lo;a cMÛs cw<Ûs vuqHkoh okujksa ds ikl tkvks]Þ ,slk dgdj lqxhz o pkfg,A eSa mls lc çdkj ds Hk; ls leLr çkf.k;ksa ls iw.kZ lqj{kk nw¡xkAÞ ;g rks
vius egy esa pys x;sA ijksidkfjrk dh ijkdk"Bk gS] furkUr vdYiuh;! fQj] ekuks bruk dguk Hkj Hkh
bl çdkj dh O;oLFkk ls vk'oLr gksdj fd çR;sd dk;Z leqfpr :i ls i;kZIr ugha Fkk] os viuh dFkuh dks djuh }kjk O;kogkfjd :i Hkh nsrs Fks] tSlk fd
lapkfyr gksrk jgsxk vkSj fuLlUnsg mldk nks"k bruk rks Fkk fd og viuk bl 'yksd ls fofnr gksrk gS %
foykle; thou dqN vkMEcjh :i ls fcrk jgk Fkk] tks Jh jke dks dqN vPNk vku;Sua gfjJs"B nÙkeL;kHk;a e;kAA
ugha yx jgk FkkA mls Jh jke dk fygktÛ djds ,slk ugha djuk pkfg, FkkA ;fn foHkh"k.kks ok lqxhz o ;fn ok jko.k% Lo;e~A VI. 18.34,35
mlesa dqN le>nkjh gksrh] rks vo'; gh mls bl ckr dk vglkl gksuk pkfg, Fkk ßvr% dfiJs"B lqxhz o! Js"B lqxhz o! og foHkh"k.k gks ;k Lo;a jko.k vk tk;s]
fd mlds midkjh Jh jke vR;Ur nq%[kkrZ FksA vr,o] :ek ds iqu£eyu ls mRiék rqe mls ys vkvksA eSua s mls Hkh vHk;nku ns fn;kA esjk fl¼kUr dsoy 'kCnksa rd
g"kksYZ ykl dk çn'kZu dqN de dksykgyiw.kZ gksuk pkfg, FkkA lhfer ugha gS] blls dgha vf/kd lEiw.kZ gS] dgha vf/kd l'kDr gSA ;fn lqj{kk gsrq
vius thou dky ds igys pj.k es]a lqxhz o cMÛh lrdZrk cjrus okyk O;fDr jko.k Hkh vk tk;s] rks eSa mldk vkfyaxu dj iwjh lqj{kk nw¡xkAÞ
FkkA og lgt gh fdlh dh ç'kalk ugha djrk FkkA bldk çek.k dqN vkxs pydj y{e.k rks vYiHkk"kh Fks ghA çk;% jke ds lEeq[k vf/kd ugha cksyrs Fks]
Hkh feyrk gSA tc y{e.k ds leku og Hkh er O;Dr djrk gS fd foHkh"k.k dks çfrokn ds fy;s rks fcYdqy ughaA vius ctk;] mUgksua s lqxhz o dks gh cksyus fn;kA
jkT;la?k esa ugha fy;k tkuk pkfg,] mls ;g ckr fcYdqy ilUn ugha vkbZ fd ,d lqxhz o Lo;a vk'p;Zpfdr Fks Jh jke ds oDrO; esa vf/kd vkRefo'okl dh >yd
,slk O;fDr] tks jko.k ds lkfék/; ls lh/kk vk jgk gks] fcuk ,d dMÛs ijh{k.k&fujh{k.k ns[kdj muds er dh mPprk ls çHkkfor gq, fcuk u jg ldsA muds eq¡g ls ,d Hkh
ds fo'oklik= eku fy;k tk;sA ;g ckr mldh vkSj Jh jke dh çÏfr ds oS"kE; 'kCn u fudykA
dks Hkyh Hkk¡fr çn£'kr djrh gSA Jh jke dk ije lkSHkkX; Fkk fd muds vkl&ikl
fde= fp=a /keZK yksdukFk lq[kkogAA
lnk vR;Ur lTtu O;fDr mifLFkr jgrs FksA egku foHkwfr;k¡ muds pkjksa vksj
;Ùoek;± çHkk"ksFkk% lÙooku~ lRiFks fLFkr%A VI. 18.36,37
jgrh FkhaA ijUrq cgqr dqN va'k rd] ;s lc vR;Ur iékh dh Hkk¡fr muds pfj= dks
ß/keZK! vkius tks ;g Js"B /keZ dh ckr dgh gS] blesa D;k vk'p;Z gS
vf/kd HkO;rk ls pedkus dk dke djrs FksA gesa tku cw>dj eg£"k okYehfd us
D;ksfa d vkr rks lc jktkvksa ds vkn'kZ gS]a egku] 'kfDr'kkyh vkSj lUekxZ ij fLFkr
;g n'kkZus ds fy;s fd txr esa dksbZ O;fDr loZFkk egku ugha gksrk] mlls Hkh
gSaAÞ
egÙkj vkSj vf/kd dgha vf/kd egÙkj gks ldrs gSaA lqxzho] foHkh"k.k] Hkjr]
y{e.k& lc viuh&viuh txg egku gSaA fQj Hkh] buds vfrfjDr] mudh os vkxs dgrs gSµa ;gk¡ lqxhz o dh 'khyrk çdV gksrh gS %
viw.kZrkvksa ls jfgr ,d ,slk ifj"Ïr pfj= Hkh gks ldrk gS] tks ifjiw.kZrk ds ee pkI;UrjkRek;a 'kq)a osfÙk foHkh"k.ke~A
f'k[kj dks yxHkx Nwrk gSA ;gh çfrikfnr djus ds fy, dfo us bu egku pfj=ksa

vuqekukPp HkkokPp loZr% lqijhf{kr%AA lEefr nhA ijUrq] jko.k }kjk frjLÏr gksus ij os mls QVdkj dj ogk¡ ls py
rLekfR{kça lgkLekfHkLrqY;ks Hkorq jk?koAA fn, vkSj Jh jke dh 'kj.k esa igq¡p x,A foHkh"k.k dh lEefr ls Jh jke leqæ ls
foHkh"k.kks egkçkK% lf[kRoa pkH;qir S q u%A VI. 18.37,38 lgk;rk dk vuqjks/k djus ds fy, rV ij /kjuk nsdj cSB x,A
ßesjh vUrjkRek Hkh foHkh"k.k dks 'kq¼ ekurh gSA guqeku us Hkh vuqeku vkSj blh chp nqjkRek jko.k ds xqIrpj 'kknwyZ us ogk¡ vkdj okuj lsuk dks ns[kk
Hkko ls ijh{kk dj yh gSA bl çdkj muds i{k esa er cu tkus ds mijkUr ge vkSj okil ykSVdj blds fo"k; esa jko.k dks lwpuk nhA os cksy]s ßvius nwrksa dks
mldk fojks/k ugha djsxa As j?kquUnu! foHkh"k.k 'kh?kz gh ;gk¡ gekjs&tSls gksdj jgsa vkSj Hkstdj iwjk&iwjk irk yxk ysAa rRi'pkr~ tSlk mfpr le>s]a oSlk djsAa pkgs mUgsa
gekjh fe=rk çkIr djsaAÞ lhrk dks ykSVk nsa vFkok lqxhz o ls ehBh&ehBh ckrsa djds mls vius i{k esa feyk ysa
lc HksnHkko lekIr] lc vfo'okl lekIrA lgk;rk nsus vFkok lgk;rk vkSj Jh jke&lqxhz o ds chp QwV Myok nsAa Þ mlds nwr] 'kqd dks okuj mls cyiwod Z
ysus ds fy, lg;ksx'khyrk dk Hkh vc vHkko ugha gSA dqN vR;kf/kd lrdZrk ds dÛnS djds mls Hkwry ij mrkj yk;sA mldk foyki lqudj Jh jke us dgk] Þbls
lEcU/k esa ;gk¡ lc dqN dgs tkus ds ckn] muds LoHkko dks TÛkjk uTÛkj&vUnkTÛk er nq%[k nksAß muds vHk; nsus ij 'kqd vkdk'k esa [kMÛk gks x;k vkSj iqu% cksyk]
djds ge lqxhz o ds O;fDrRo dh fo'kkyrk dk Lej.k djsAa Jh guqeku dh yadk ßjko.k dks eq>s vkidh vksj ls D;k mÙkj nsuk pkfg,\Þ bl çdkj iwNus ij
;k=k] lhrk dk lekpkj vkSj lkjk o`ÙkkUr lquus ds i'pkr~ Jh jke çlék gq,A okujjkt lqxhz o us mÙkj fn;kA* mUgksua s Li"V ,oa fu'Ny :i ls crk fn;k fd os
fdUrq leqæ dh nqLrjrk dk fopkj djds os vR;Ur fpfUrr Hkh gq, vkSj mudk ,d eS=hiw.kZ] ijUrq nq'pfj= O;fDr ds dgus ls fdlh çdkj Hkh vius dÙkZO;iFk ls
mRlkg Hkh u"V gks x;kA ml le; lqxhz o us mudks çksRlkgu fn;kA tSls gh os leqæ fopfyr ugha fd, tk ldrs] pkgs og O;fDr fe=rk dk nkok D;ksa u djrk gksA
rV ij igq¡ps (vHkh lsrq dk fuekZ.k Hkh ugha gqvk Fkk)] lqxhz o dgrk gS % lqxzho us dgk %
n`"V~ok rka rq iqjha y³~dka f=dwVf'k[kjs fLFkrke~AA u esf·l fe=a u rFkkuqdEi;ks u pksidrkZfl u es fç;ks·flA
gra p jko.ka ;q)s n'kZuknqi/kkj;A VI. 2.10,11 vfj'p jkeL; lgkuqcU/k% u es·fl okyho o/kkgZ o/;%AA
og Jh jke dks vk'oLr djrk gSA og ,d egku usrk Fkk] mls vius ijkØe fugUE;ga Roka llqra lcU/kqa jkKkfrox± jtuhpjs'kA
dk iwjk&iwjk vuqeku Fkk vkSj vius cy ij Hkjkslk FkkA vr% og Jh jke dks y³~dka p lok± egrk cysu f{kça dfj";kfe lesR; HkLeAAVI.20.23-24
vk'oLr djrk gS] ßvc ge leqæ rV rd rks vk gh igq¡ps gSAa vc rks dsoy yadk ßnwr! rqe jko.k ls bl çdkj dguk& o/k ds ;ksX; n'kkuu! rqe u rks esjs
ns[kus dh çrh{kk gSA f=dwVioZr ij clh gqbZ yadkiqjh ,d ckj nh[k tk;s] rks vki fe= gks] u n;k ds ik= gks] u esjs midkjh gks] u gh esjs fç; O;fDr;ksa esa ls dksbZ
;g fuf'pr lef>, fd ;q¼ esa jko.k fn[kkbZ fn;k vkSj ekjk x;kA eSa Lo;a mldk gksA rqe rks Jh jke ds 'k=q gks] blh dkj.k vius lxs lacfa /k;ksa lfgr ckfy dh Hkk¡fr
'ko vkidks ykdj nw¡xkAÞ brus vkRefo'okl ds lkFk lqxhz o cksyAs rRi'pkr~ Jh tuksa lfgr rqEgkjk lagkj gksuk pkfg;sA fu'kkpj! eSa cMÛh lsuk ds lkFk vkdj leLr
jke ds lkFk okuj lsuk us çLFkku dj leqæ rV ij iMÛko MkykA yadkiqjh dks HkLelkr dj nw¡xkAÞ
jko.k us buesa ls rhljh ;kstuk dks dk;kZfUor djus ds fy, 'kqd uked vc eSa vkidk /;ku lqxhz o ds ,d vn~Hkqr dkjukes dh vksj fnykÅ¡xkA uy
jk{kl dks vkns'k fn;kA jko.k cksyk] ßrqe 'kh?kz gh okujjkt lqxhz o ds ikl tkvks }kjk lkxj ij lsrq fuekZ.k gksus ij okuj lsuk ml ij igq¡p xbZ vkSj iMÛko Mky
vkSj muls esjk lUns'k dgks] *eSa vkidks HkkbZ ds leku le>rk gw¡A ;fn eq>ls fn;kA Jh jke us yadk ij vkØe.k djus ds fy;s vius lsukifr;ksa dh fu;qfDr Hkh
vkidks dksbZ ykHk ugha gqvk gS] rks esjs gkFk ls vkidh dksbZ gkfu Hkh ugha gqbZ gSAa jke dj nhA Jh jke ds lq>ko ij jkr esa fuokl djus ds fy;s lc yksx lqoy s ioZr ij
dh L=h gj.k esa vkidh D;k gkfu gS\^ß jko.k ds vkns'kkuqlkj fu'kkpj 'kqd rksrs p<Û x;sA ;g çlax ;q¼ fu;fer :i ls vkjEHk djus ls iwoZ dk gSA os lqoy s ioZr
dk :i /kkj.k djds rqjUr vkdk'k esa mMÛ pyk vkSj lqxhz o ds ikl tk igq¡pkA ij igq¡p x,A lc us jkr lqoy s ioZr ij gh fcrk;hA iw.kZ pUæek ls çdkf'kr
vkdk'k esa gh Bgj dj mlus nqjkRek jko.k dh vkKk ds vuqlkj Qqlykus okyh mTToy jkf= esa yadk dk i;kZoyksdu fd;k vkSj ogk¡ dh ekspkZcUnh dks Hkh ns[kkA
lkjh ckrsa lqxhz o ls dgha] ftudk ladrs dfo Hkh ugha nsrkA
* dfo dgrk gS % loZeqDra ;Fkkfn"Va jko.ksu nqjkReukA (VI.20.15).
m/kj guqeku }kjk yadk esa fd, x;s ?kksj deZ dks ns[kdj jko.k us vius ^nqjkRek* dk lans'k VI.20.10-12 esa gSA
eaf=;ksa ls lykg ek¡xhA foHkh"k.k us jke dks vts; crkdj lhrk dks ykSVk nsus dh

f=dwV ioZr dk ,d f'k[kj [kaM cgqr Å¡pk FkkA jko.k dh yadk f=dwV ds mlh gfjojx.ke/;s jkeik'o± txke AA VI.40.29
f'k[kj ij clh gqbZ FkhA okuj;wFkksa ls ;qDr lqxhz o lfgr lqoy s ioZr ds lcls Å¡ps ,d Vhdkdkj ^jkeik'oZe*~ 'kCn dk ykHk mBkrs gq, dgrk gS] ßlqxhz o yTtk
f'k[kj ij p<ÛsA nlksa fn'kkvksa ij n`f"Vikr djrs gq,] mUgksaus f=dwV ioZr ij ds dkj.k Jh jke ds lEeq[k vkdj [kMÛk gksus esa ladksp dj jgk FkkA vr% og
vofLFkr lqUnj <ax ls clh gqbZ yadkiqjh dks ns[kkA vk'p;Ztfur :i ls jko.k dks mudh cxÛy esa [kMÛk gqvkAÞ
Hkh ns[kk] tks viuh lsuk dks gqDe ns jgk Fkk rFkk lkFk&lkFk fojks/kh [kses dk Hkh ;g fVIi.kh pkrq;iZ .w kZ rks gS] ijUrq ;qfDr;qDr ughaA jke mykguk nsrs gS]a
los{Z k.k dj jgk Fkk] ftldk ogk¡ Msjk Mky fn;k x;k FkkA lqxhz o ds eu esa lglk ßlqxhz o! rqe rks cMÛs rhlekj[kk¡ fudys! rqeus esjh lykg fy;s fcuk gh cMÛs lkgl
/;ku vk;k fd viuh çfrKk iwjh djus dk volj lkeus gSA 'kwjohj] ijkØeh] dk dke dj MkykA ,slk djuk mfpr ugha FkkA jktk yksx ,slk nqLlkgliw.kZ dk;Z
Øks/k ds vkosx ls çsfjr gksdj] fcuk lksp&fopkj fd;s] vkxk ihNs ns[ks ,oa vkSjkas dh ugha fd;k djrsA rqeus eq> dks] okuj lsuk dks vkSj foHkh"k.k dks Hkh la'k; esa
vuqefr fy, fcuk] os lqoy s ds f'k[kj ds xksijq dh Nr ls Nykax ej dj dwn iMÛs Mkydj ;g lkgliw.kZ dk;Z fd;k] blls ge lcdks cMÛk d"V gqvkA esjs ckn] nwljs
vkSj mUgksaus jko.k dks eYy;q¼ ds fy, yydkjkA bl eYY;q¼ dh rqyuk esa uEcj ij rqe gh rks lsukifr gks] ;g lc dqN tkurs gq, Hkh ,d rqPN lh ckr ds
vktdy ds eqf"B;q¼ dh leLr çfr;ksfxrk,¡] tks ge ns[krs gS]a os rqPN lh çrhr fy;s fcuk lksp&fopkj djs vius çk.kksa dks ladV esa MkykA ;|fi eSa rqEgkjs cy]
gksrh gSA okYehfd ,d lSfud jgs gksxa ]s ;fn ugha] rks dnkfpr~~ de ls de eukso`fÙk ijkØe dks tkurk Fkk] rFkkfi tc rqe ogk¡ la?k"kZjr Fks vkSj tc rd rqe ;gk¡
dh n`f"V ls rks vo'; gh gksxa s D;ksfa d iwjs ;q¼ dkaM esa ge ns[krs gSa fd fdl çdkj okil ugha vk,] lc dqN vfuf'pr FkkA dksbZ Hkh vuqeku ugha yxk ldrk fd
vufxur laxkz eksa dk o.kZu vufxur fofo/k :iksa esa djus esa os l{ke gSAa ;g Bhd ifj.kke D;k gksxkA tc eSa ;g n`'; ns[k jgk Fkk] rks esjs eu esa ,slk fopkj vk jgk
gS fd ,d oxhZ; lekurk bu o.kZuksa esa gSA ijUrq] foy{k.krk bl ckr esa gS fd fdl Fkk% ^lqxhz o dks ;fn dqN gks x;k] rks eSa ;gk¡ ls ykSV¡wxk ughaA eq>s rks viuk thou
<ax ls os ,d vksj] }U};q¼ksa dh fofo/krk vkSj nwljh vksj] ;ks¼k ds cyçn'kZu dk y{; iwjk djuk gSA ;q¼ esa iq=] lsuk vkSj okguksa lfgr jko.k dk uk'k djds]
esy feykrs gSAa ;gk¡ lqxhz o vkSj jko.k ds chp eYy;q¼ dk ,d iwjs lxZ esa cMÛh lhrk dk m¼kj djds yadk ds jkT; ij foHkh"k.k dk vfHk"ksd dj nw¡xkA rRi'pkr~
lqUnj ,oa vkstfLouh Hkk"kk esa o.kZu gSA lqxhz o jko.k ls dgrs gSa % v;ks/;k tkdj Hkjr dks jkT; lkSia dj bl 'kjhj dk R;kx dj nw¡xk]^Þ furkUr
yksdukFkL; jkeL; l[kk nklks·fLe jk{klA VI.40.10 fdadÙkZO;foew<Û gqvk lqxhz o viuh lQÛkbZ esa dsoy bruk dg ldk %
ßjk{kl! rqe tkurs gks eSa dkSu gw¡\ eSa Jh jke dk fe= gw¡A eSa rqedks mudh ro Hkk;kZigrkZja n`"V~ok jk?ko jko.ke~A
mís'; çkfIr esa lgk;rk nsus vk;k gw¡A os rks eq>s viuk l[kk ekurs gS]a tSls eSa e"kZ;kfe dFka ohj tkuu~ ikS:"kekReu%AA VI.41.9
mudk led{k gw¡A ;|fi mudh n`f"V esa eSa mudk l[kk gw¡] fdUrq lp rks ;g gS fd ßj?kquUnu! vius ijkØe ij iwjk vuqeku yxkrs gq,] eSa vkidh Hkk;kZ dks
okLro esa eSa mudk nkl gw¡AÞ cy ç;ksx ls vigj.k djus okys jko.k dks ns[kdj dSls {kek dj ldrk Fkk\ esjs
tc os nksuksa eq>s fdf"dU/kk esa feys Fks] rks mUgksua s ,d&nwljs dk vkfyaxu tSls 'kwjohj dks vius ij fu;U=.k j[kuk lEHko ugha FkkAÞ
fd;k Fkk vkSj muds chp dsoy cjkcjh dk ukrk FkkA Lo;a lqxhz o us Jh jke dh vc ge ,d vU; n`'; ij vkrs gSa ftlesa lqxhz o Hkh lfEefyr gSA eSa ugha
ijh{kk dbZ ckj yh FkhA ijUrq nsf[k,] le; ds lkFk fdruk ifjorZu gqvkA muds tkurk fd blesa mldh Hkwfedk dks ;'kLdj dgk tk;s vFkok vLi"VA cMÛh
O;fDrRo vkSj ijkØe dks ns[k fy;k FkkA vr,o os vis{kkÏr viuk ntkZ ?kVk dj dfBukbZ ls txk;s nsus ds ckn dqEHkd.kZ j.k {ks= esa vk igq¡pkA vkÏfr esa og ioZr
Lo;a dks nkl ekurs gS]a os vo Lo;a dks l[kk ugha ekursA ds leku fo'kkydk; Fkk vkSj ioZr ds leku gh ns[kus esa csMksy vkSj dq:i FkkA
}U} ;q¼ esa lqxhz o us jko.k ds eqdVq dks [klksV fy;kA jko.k vR;Ur Øq¼ mlls fuiVuk guqeku vkSj lqxhz o tSls ;ks¼kvksa ds fy, Hkh lgt ugha FkkA mlus
gqvkA lqxhz o ij fu;U=.k u dj ldus ds dkj.k] jko.k ek;k ;qfDr dk lgkjk vkrs gh okujksa dks idMÛ&idMÛ dj vius ikrky tSls eq¡g esa Mkyuk vkjEHk dj
fy;kA lqxhz o tkurs Fks fd Jh jke bl çdkj dh pkycktÛh dks mfpr ugha le>rsA fn;kA nks rhu lxks± (60, 65, 67) esa mlds vlk/kkj.k vkdkj vkSj foy{k.k cy dk
vr,o] ek;k dk mÙkj ek;k ls ugha nsuk pkfg,A ;g lkspdj fd mUgksusa s jko.k dk mYys[k gSA mlds dk;Z] ftudh lksp ds ihNs fdlh f'k"Vrk dk loZFkk vHkko gS] os
?keaM i;kZIr :i ls pwj dj fn;k Fkk] os fo'kky vkdk'k ekxZ yk¡?kdj okujksa dh cMÛs jkspd <ax ls lfoLrkj iwod Z o£.kr gSAa ijUrq okuj lsuk esa blls fdlh çdkj
lsuk ds chp Jh jke dh cxÛy esa vkdj [kMÛs gks x;sA

dh [kycyh ;k foLe; ugha gksrkA mudk lkekU; uk;d Hkh ml ukeh ;ks¼k ls rhu dk lqxhz o }kjk vkSj rhu dk vaxn }kjkA ftu jk{klksa dk uk'k lqxhz o us fd;k
VDdj ysus esa ugha fgpdrkA vaxn ds vpsr vkSj /kjk'kk;h gksus ds i'pkr~ Fkk] os Fks& dqEHkh] fo:ik{k vkSj egksnjA guqeku ds f'kdkj ;ks¼k dqN buls
dqEHkd.kZ 'kwy ysdj lqxhz o dh vksj nkSMÛkA lqxhz o us ,d 'kSy f'k[kj ?kqek dj lglk mPpdksfV ds FksA egksnj ds o/k dk o.kZu djrs le; Lo;a dfo dh Hkkouk;sa cMÛh
mlds Åij NksMÛkA ml ioZr f'k[kj dh pksV [kkdj dqEHkd.kZ cMÛk Øq¼ gqvkA mlus vkuUniw.kZ yxrh gS og ^g"kZ* 'kCn ds LFkku ij ^g#"k* 'kCn dk ç;ksx djrk gSA
Hkh 'kwy dks ?kqek dj lqxhz o ds o/k ds fy, ?kqek;kA ijUrq guqeku us 'kh?kz mNydj vFk fot;eokI; okujsUæ% lejeq[ks lqj;{kfl)l³~a?kS%A
nksuksa gkFkksa ls mls idMÛ fy;k vkSj cMÛh rhoz xfr ls mls rksMÛ MkykA dqEHkd.kZ iqu% vofuryxrS'p Hkwrl³~?a kSg#"klekdqyrS% Lrqrks egkRekAA VI.98.38
dqfir gqvk vkSj ey; ioZr dk f'k[kj mBk dj lqxhz o ij ns ekjkA mlls vkgr bl çdkj okujjkt lqxhz o ;q¼ esa fot; ikdj cMÛh 'kksHkk ikus yxsA ml
gksdj lqxzho lq/k&cq/k [kksdj ;q¼Hkwfe ij fxj iMÛsA ;|fi lqxzho Lo;a ,d le; nsork] fl¼] ;{kx.k] vkSj Hkwryfuokfl;ksa ds lewg Hkh cMÛs g"kZ ls mudk
fo'kkydk; okuj Fks] rFkkfi os dqEHkd.kZ ds led{k dqN Hkh u FksA ;g tkudj fd dh£reku djus yxsA ;g ifjorZu u dsoy ek=k dh n`f"V ls fd;k x;k gS] vfirq
lqxhz o okuj lsuk ds lsukifr Fks] dqEHkd.kZ us ,slk vuqeku yxk;k fd vc okuj ,slk çrhr gksrk gS] ,d mYykliw.kZ ?kVuk gksus ds dkj.k blds o.kZu ds ihNs dqN
lsuk Jh jke lfgr Lor% gh u"V gks tk;sxhA vc eSa ykSVdj viuh fot; dh ?kks"k.k çQqYyrk dk euksHkko Hkh fo|eku gSA
dj ldrk gw¡A vr% og lqxhz o dks viuh cxÛy esa nckdj yadk dh vksj py fn;kA vc eSa lqxhz o dh vusd egku fo'ks"krkvksa esa ls ,d dh vksj /;ku fnykrk
vis{kkÏr vf/kd vkjke vkSj fuf'pUrrk ds] pyrs&pyrs mlus vius gkFkksa ls gw¡A vkjEHk ls gh çk;% lHkh us ml ij dBksj naM nsus esa cMÛh funZ;rk dk vkjksi
lqxzho dks Hkhapdj dqpyuk vkjEHk dj fn;kA guqeku us] tks nksuksa esa vf/kd yxk;k gS fd lqxhz o NksVh ls NksVh Hkwy ij Hkh çk;% e`R;qnMa fn;k tkrk FkkA ijUrq
cy'kkyh Fks] ;g lc dqN nwj ls ns[kkA {k.kHkj ds fy;s rks os nqfo/kk esa iMÛ x, fd fofp= ckr rks ;g gS fd lEiw.kZ ^jkek;.k^ esa dgha bl çdkj dk mYys[k ugha vk;k
,slh fLFkfr esa mUgsa D;k djuk pkfg,A ß;gk¡ esjs Lokeh idMÛ fy;s x;s gS]a D;k eSa fd mlus fdlh dks bl çdkj dk naM fn;k gksA fdUrq] lcds eu esa bl çdkj dh
dsoy ns[krk jgw¡ vkSj mudh lgk;rk u d:¡\ ;g rks Bhd ckr u gksxhA ijUrq Hk; Hkkouk fo|eku FkhA ,d ?kVuk ,slh Hkh ?kVh Fkh] tcfd og vkØks'k esa vkdj
lqxhz o Lo;a ,d cy'kkyh okuj gS]a mudks viuh j{kk djus ds nk¡o&ispa vkrs gSAa lSd a MÛkas okujksa ds fouk'k dk vkns'k Hkh ns ldrk FkkA ;g lqUnj dkaM dk çlax gS]
mUgsa Hkh dqN u dqN mik; vo'; gh lw>xs kA eSa le>rk gw¡] f'kyk ds çgkj ls mUgsa tc guqeku lhrk ls feydj] leqæ yka?kdj okil vk;s Fks vkSj egsUæfxfj ds
xgjh pksV igq¡ph gS] mlls vpsr gq, okuj dks vHkh rd gks'k ugha vk;k gSA ;fn eSa f'k[kj ij mrjs FksA lhrk dh [kkst dk lekpkj lqudj lc okuj vR;Ur g£"kr
mudks cpkus tkÅ¡xk] rks lqxhz o dks çlékrk u gksxhA blds fy;s os eq>s {kek ugha gq,A os mNyrs&dwnrs f'k[kj ls py fn, D;ksfa d os Jh jke dks fç; laokn lqukus ds
djsxa As ;g b/kj&m/kj ppkZ dk fo"k; Hkh cu tk;sxk fd guqeku }kjk gh os ladV fy;s mRlqd FksA lSd a MÛkas dh la[;k esa os ,d lqUnj ou esa igq¡p]s ftldk uke e/kqou
ls NqVdkjk ik ldsA blls lnk ds fy;s mudk ;'k uk'k gks tkus dh lEHkkouk gSAÞ FkkA lqxhz o dks ;g ou cgqr fç; FkkA mlus mlds j[k&j[kko ds fy, cMÛs dq'ky
m/kj dqEHkd.kZ gkFk vkSj iSj fgykrs gq, lqxhz o dks fy;s yadk eaas ?kql x;kA lMÛd ds ekfy;ksa dks fu;qDr fd;k gqvk FkkA mlds ekek] egkohj nf/keq[k mldh j{kk fd;k
nksuksa vksj ,df=r L=h&iq#"k Qwyksa dh o"kkZ djds dqEHkd.kZ dk Lokxr dj jgs FksA djrs FksA vaxn us xq#tu dh vuqefr ysdj okujksa dks e/kq ihus dh vkKk ns nhA
xU/k;qDr ty dh o"kkZ ls lqxhz o dks /khjs&/khjs gks'k vk x;kA tSlk fd igys gh ogk¡ ds lqxfU/kr Qy&Qwyksa dk jl ihdj os en ls mUeÙk gks x,A e/kqou dks u"V
guqeku us vuqeku yxk;k Fkk] lqxhz o cp fudyus dk jkLrk Lo;a tkurs FksA lqxhz o fd;k tkuk ns[kdj nf/keq[k us mudks ,slk djus ls jksdk] ijUrq mUgksua s lquh&vulquh
us lglk gkFkksa ds rh[ks u[kksa }kjk dqEHkd.kZ ds nksuksa dku uksp Mkys]a nk¡rksa ls mldh dj nhA rc nf/keq[k mUgsa cyiwod Z jksdus dh ps"Bk djus yxs] rc os lc feydj
ukd dkV Mkyh vkSj iSjksa ds u[kksa ls ml jk{kl dh nksuksa ilfy;k¡ QkMÛ MkyhaA mls cyiwod Z ?klhVus yxsA dfo dgrk gS fd mu j{kdksa ds çfr fn[kkus frjLdkj
dqEHkd.kZ dk lkjk 'kjhj ygqygq ku gks x;kA rc mlus jks"k esa [khtdj lqxhz o dks ds fy, mUgksua s viuh ihB rd fn[kkbZA fdlh çdkj NqVdkjk feyus ij nf/keq[k
?kqekdj i`Foh ij iVd fn;kA mlh le; lqxhz o lglk xsna ds leku rsTÛkh ls vius lsodksa dks ysdj lqxhz o ds ikl x,A mUgksua s ;g crk;k fd guqeku vkfn
vkdk'k esa mNys vkSj iqu% Jh jke ls vk feysA okujksa us e/kqou dk uk'k dj fn;k] ou j{kdksa ij vkØe.k Hkh fd;k x;kA fdUrq
lqxhz o us vusd ijkØe fn[kk,A mUgksua s fojks/kh i{k ds rhu Hkhedk; ;ks¼kvksa ou dh {kfr dk ifjek.k vkSj xqMa kfxjh esa lfEefyr O;fDr;ksa ds fo"k; esa tkuus ij
dk o/k fd;kA dfo us jk{klksa ds o/k dk mYys[k fd;k gS] rhu dk guqeku }kjk] Hkh] y{e.k }kjk iwNs tkus ij] lqxhz o us mUgsa bl çdkj mÙkj fn;k] ßvkids fy;s

fpUrk dh dksbZ ckr ughaA okuj nf/keq[k us eq>s ;g crk;k gS fd vaxn vkfn okuj ughaA vPNk rks ;gh gksxk fd iqu% Lo;açHkk xqQk esa ços'k fd;k tk;s vkSj ogha fuokl
ohjksa us e/kqou dk lkjk e/kq ih fy;kA blls ;g vuqeku gksrk gS fd os ftl dk;Z fd;k tk;s D;ksfa d ogk¡ Hkkstu dh oLrq,¡ miyC/k gSAa rkj ds fopkjksa dk vuqeksnu
gsrq x, Fks] mls mUgksua s vo'; gh iwjk fd;k gSA os dHkh Hkh brus eLr ugha gks tkrs] vaxn us fd;k] lHkh okujksa dks ml ij fo'okl gks x;kA rkj dh ckr] tks vaxn ds
;fn mUgksua s nsoh lhrk ds n'kZu u dj fy;s gksrkA fonsg ufUnuh ds n'kZu fcuk os Hkh vuqdy w Fkh] lqudj rkj ds oDrO; ij guqeku ds eu esa 'kadk gqbZ fd okujksa esa
okuj ml fnO; ou dk tkus&ekus fo/oal djus dk dHkh Hkh nqLlkgl u djrsA ikjLifjd QwV iMÛus ls cgqr ls okuj vaxn dk lkFk nsxa As vr,o] guqeku] tks
;|fi os vijk/kh gS]a fdUrq eSa mUgsa dksbZ naM nsus ugha tk jgk gw¡ D;ksfa d mUgksua s ,d lqxhz o ds fo'oLr ea=h Fks] ;g lc lkspdj vR;Ur fpfUrr gq,A mUgksua s lke]
egku dk;Z fu"iék dj fy;k gS] ftlds fy;s gekjh gk£nd bPNk FkhAÞ nke] naM] Hksn& bu pkj mik;ksa ls vaxn dks rkj vkfn okujksa dh vksj ls eksMÛus dk
vc eSa ,d ,slh ckr dk mYys[k d:¡xk] ftls lqxzho tSls çfrHkk'kkyh ç;Ru vkjEHk fd;kA rkj ds lq>ko ij /;ku u nsus ds fy, mUgksua s lc çdkj ds
O;fDrRo ij ,d dkyh Nk;k ekuk tk ldrk gSA ;gk¡ eSa bl ckr ij /;ku fnykuk çyksHku Hkh fn,A vr% os vaxn ls dgrs gS]a ßlqxhz o us rqEgkjs fy, fdruk dqN fd;k
pkgrk gw¡ fd egku xq.kksa ds ckotwn Hkh lqxhz o esa dqN ,slh ckr Fkh] ftuls çrhr gSA os vius ckn esa rqEgha dks jkT;xíh ij cSBk;sxa As rqEgkjs pkpk] lqxhz o lnk rqEgkjh
gksrk gS fd ,d le; mlesa dqN pkfjf=d nqcy Z rk Hkh fo|eku FkhA ,d çlax çlékrk pkgus okys gS]a dnkfi rqEgkjk uk'k ugha dj ldrsA rqEgkjs flok; muds
x`/kzjkt lEikfr ls HksVa gksus ls iwoZ dk gS] ftlus lhrk vkSj jko.k dk irk crk;k ikl dksbZ vU; iq= Hkh ugha gSA blfy, rqEgsa muds ikl pyuk gh pkfg,AÞ ;g
FkkA tc rd guqeku us lhrk dh [kkst ds fy;s leqæ ij Nykax ugha yxkbZ FkhA lqudj vaxn mykguk nsrk gS %
lqxhz o us lc okujksa dks cqyok dj lhrk dh [kkst ds fufeÙk mudh Vksfy;k¡ pkjksa LFkS;± lÙoa eu%'kkSpeku`'kaL;ekFkktZoe~A
fn'kkvksa esa Hksth FkhaA mudks vkns'k fn;k x;k Fkk fd os ,d ekl iwjk gksus rd okil foØe'pSo /kS;± p lqxhz os uksii|rsAA
vk tk;s]a vU;Fkk mudks e`R;qnMa fn;k tk;sxkA rhu fn'kkvksa esa x, gq, okuj fujk'k HkzkrqT;s"Z BL; ;ks Hkk;k± thorks efg"kha fç;ke~A
gksdj ykSV vk,A guqeku] tkEcoku] vaxn] rkj vkfn dks nf{k.k fn'kk dh [kkst /kes.Z k ekrja ;Lrq Lohdjksfr tqxfq Ilr%AA
dk Hkkj lkSia k x;k FkkA mUgksua s dkQÛh le; rd [kkst dh] foU/;ioZr ds vkl&ikl dFka l /ke± tkuhrs ;su Hkzk=k egkReukA
çns'k ds nqxeZ cuksa esa <w¡<kA [kkstrs&[kkstrs ogk¡ mUgsa ,d xqQk fn[kkbZ nhA okuj ;q)k;kfHkfu;qDrsu fcyL; fifgra eq[ke~AA IV.55.2-4
Hkw[k I;kl ls O;kdqy FksA ikuh dh [kkst esa os bl xqQk esa ?kql x,A Hkhrj ?kqldj ßlqxhz o esa fLFkjrk] 'kjhj vkSj eu dh ifo=rk] Øwjrk dk vHkko] ljyrk]
mUgksua s ns[kk fd og LFkku çdk'keku vkSj euksgj FkkA b/kj&m/kj [kkst djrs gq, ijkØe vkSj /kS;Z gSA ;g ekU;rk Bhd ugha tku iMÛrh gS] ftlus vius cMÛs HkkbZ ds
mUgksua s FkksMÛh gh nwj ij fdlh L=h dks ns[kk] tks riL;k esa /;kuLFk FkhA iwNus ij thrs&th] mudh iRuh dks] tks /keZr% mudh ekrk ds leku Fkh] dqfRlr Hkkouk ls
irk pyk fd ml L=h dk uke Lo;açHkk gS vkSj og ogk¡ ds Hkou dh j{kk djrh gSA xzg.k dj fy;k vkSj Lo;a jktk cu cSBkA og /keZ dks tkurk gS] ;g dSls dgk tk
mlus mUgsa 'kq¼ Hkkstu vkSj Qy&Qwy fn,A iwNs tkus ij guqeku us lEiw.kZ o`ÙkkUr ldrk gS\ D;k mls ,d 'kwjohj vkSj dÙkZO;ijk;.k HkkbZ dgk tk ldrk gS\ ftl
lquk;kA guqeku us fQj nsoh ls dgk] ßlqxhz o us gesa ykSVkus ds fy, tks le; nqjkRek us ek;koh uked nkuo ds lkFk ;q¼ ds fy;s fcy esa tkrs gq,] HkkbZ }kjk
fuf'pr fd;k Fkk] og çk;% lekIr gks pqdk gSA vc gesa vki bl xqQk ls ckgj fcy dh j{kk ds dk;Z esa fu;qDr gksus ij Hkh vkSj ;g tkurs gq, fd mldk HkkbZ]
fudky nsAa Þ ckgj fudyus ij mUgksua s Hk;adj vikj egklkxj ns[kkA ogk¡ cSBdj os ckfy fcy ds vUnj gS] ,d fo'kky pêku ls fcy dk eq¡g cUn dj fn;k] og dSls
lHkh fpUrkeXu gks x,A os ugha tkurs Fks fd fdl çdkj yadk igq¡pk tk;s] u gh /keZK ekuk tk ldrk gS\Þ
mUgsa iw.kZ fo'okl Fkk fd lhrk vo'; gh yadk esa gksxhA lhrk dh [kkst ds fy;s tks ;g lc dqN dg dj vaxn ej.kkUr miokl (çk;ksios'ku) ds fy, cSB x,A
vof/k fuf'pr dh xbZ Fkh] og chr tkus ij fcuk dk;Z fd, ;fn ge lqxhz o ds fuLlUnsg nh?kZdky ds i'pkr~ ml fcy ls lglk [Ûkuw dh /kkjk fudyrs ns[kdj
lEeq[k mifLFkr gksxa ]s rks og vo'; gh gesa ;eyksd fHktok nsxa As ,slh dYiuk lqxhz o us lkspk fd ejus okyk O;fDr ek;koh ugha] vfirq ckfy FkkA fdUrq ek;koh
djds os vR;Ur Hk;Hkhr FksA ;qojkt vaxn us lq>ko fn;k fd ,slh voLFkk esa rks ckfy }kjk ekjk tk pqdk FkkA bl lksp dk D;k vk/kkj Fkk\ blds fo"k; esa dfo
vkej.k vu'ku djds vkRegR;k djuk gh lokZf/kd çfrf"Br ekxZ gksxkA ;g dqN ugha dgrk] u gh Lo;a lqxhz oA mlus ,d o"kZ dh çrh{kk ds ckn [Ûkuw ckgj
lqudj ;qokjkt vaxn ds ekek] rkj us fopkj O;Dr fd;k fd ,slk djuk vko';d cgrs ns[kkA og vlqj dk [Ûkuw gks ldrk Fkk vkSj ugha HkhA lxzho dh dYiuk esa og

[Ûkuw mls ckfy dk çrhr gqvk vkSj nq"V nkuo dks vUnj gh cUn djus dk mís'; y{e.kL; Hk;k|su uk/keZHk;Hkh:.kkA
ls mlus ,d fo'kky pêku xqQk dk eq¡g ij j[k nhA ijUrq] Lej.k jgs] ;g ç'u vkfn"Vk eÆxrqa lhrk /keZLrfLeu~ dFka HkosrA~ A IV.55.6
LokHkkfod :i ls mBk;k tk ldrk gS fd ;fn mldks bl ckr dk iDdk fu'p; vaxn dgrk gS] ß;g Hk; ds dkj.k gh gqvk] u fd /keZ ds vuqlkjAÞ
ugha Fkk] rks D;ksa ugha mlus vUnj tkdj bl ckr dh iqf"V dh\ yksxksa ds eu esa Hkh ;gk¡ Hkh og lqxhz o ls U;k; ugha djrkA fQj og dgrk gS %
bl çdkj ds ç'u mB ldrs gSa vkSj mUgksua s vius&vius <ax ls fu"d"kZ fudkys u pkga ;kSojkT;su lqxhz os.kkfHk"ksfpr%AA
gksaxsA ge rks dsoy bruk gh tkurs gSa] dfo lqxzho ds bl vkpj.k dh dksbZ
ujsUnz.kkfHkf"kDrks·fLe jkes.kkfDy"VdeZ.kkA IV.53.30,31
lh/kh&lh/kh fuUnk ugha djrk] vfirq ,d mnkj n`f"Vdks.k viukrs gq, dgrk gS fd
ßeSa ugha ekurk fd lqxhz o us ;qojkt in ij esjk vfHk"ksd fd;k gSA vuk;kl
lqxhz o Lo;a jktk cuus ds fy;s dnkfi mRlqd ugha Fkk] ,slk djus dks rks mlds
gh Jh jke us gh bl in ij esjk vfHk"ksd fd;k gSAÞ
eaf=;ksa us ml ij ncko Mkydj mls ck/; fd;kA mlus rks vkSjksa ds gMÛdkus ij gh
jkT;in Lohdkj fd;kA ;g ckr rks lR; FkhA vaxn dk ;g dguk fd Jh jke us gh mls ;qojkt
eSa ;gk¡ crkuk pkgw¡xk fd vius thou ds bl pj.k esa lqxhz o ds pfj= esa cuk;k Fkk] ;FkkrF; FkkA vaxn dgrk gS %
n`<Ûrk dh dqN deh FkhA blds pfj= dk iwjk fodkl vc rd ugha gqvk FkkA tc l iwo± c)oSjks eka jktk n`"V~ok O;frØee~AA
lkeus nks fodYi gks]a tks nksuksa gh ;qfDr;qDr gksa vkSj ,d #fpdj :i esa çLrqr ?kkrf;";fr n.Msu rh{.ksu Ñrfu'p;%A IV.53.-32
fd;s tk ldrs gks]a rks lkekU;r% vf/kd lgt] lqdj vkSj ykHknk;d fodYi ßeq>ls xÛyrh vo'; gqbZ gSA jktk lqxhz o us rks igys ls gh esjs çfr oSj
pquus dh ço`fÙk ekuoh; gksrh gSA lqxhz o Hkh mlh ço`fÙk ls o'khHkwr FksA vaxn us] tks ck¡/k j[kk gSA bl le; vkKk mYya?ku :i esjs vijk/k dks ns[kdj fu'p; iwoksDZ r
,d nk;kn (iSr`d lEifÙk ds Hkkx dk vf/kdkjh) Fkk vkSj ,d ,sls O;fDr dk iq= ds vuqlkj fu'p; gh rh[ks naM }kjk eq>s ejok MkysxkA ;fn eSa ykSVrk gw¡] rks lqxhz o
Fkk] ftldk o/k dj fn;k x;k Fkk] buesa ls vf/kd v'kqHk vfHkçk; dks gh ekU;rk dks ;kn vk tk;sxk fd eSa mldk nk;kn gw¡ vkSj eSa mlds ckn jktk cuus dh çrh{kk
nhA ge fdl çdkj mls nks"k ns\a lqxhz o tYnckTÛkh djrk Fkk vkSj lnk vf/kd dj jgk gw¡A vr% og eq>s dBksjre naM nsxkAÞ
lqxe fodYi pqurk Fkk] ftlls mls ykHk gksA fQj dfo ,d ckr dgrk gS] tks cMÛh vFkZi.w kZ gSA tc vaxn ;g lc dqN
vaxn us lqxhz o ij u dsoy vius HkkbZ] ckfy ds çfr v/ke fo'okl?kkr dk guqeku vkSj vU; okujksa ds lEeq[k dgrk gS] rks og dgrk gS] ßlc okuj eq>s ;gk¡
nks"kkjksi.k fd;k] vfirq vius ?kfu"B fe= Jh jke ds çfr ?kksj Ïr?urk ds fy;s Hkh jgus dh vkKk nsa vkSj vU; lc vius&vius ?kj pys tk;sAa vki lc viuk jkLrk
mudh dMÛh fuUnk dh % pquus ds fy;s Lora= gSAa tgk¡ rd esjk lEcU/k gS] eSa fdf"dU/kkiqjh okfil ugha
lR;kRikf.kx`ghr'p ÑrdekZ egk;'kk%A tkÅ¡xkA ;gha ej.kkUr miokl djuk ilUn d:¡xkA fQj Hkh] eSa vkidk fu.kZ;
foLe`rks jk?koks ;su ls dL; rq Ñra LejsrA~ A IV.55.5 ekuus dks rS;kj gw¡AÞ og Lo;a dks vius lkfFk;ksa ds vf/kd ifjiDo fu.kZ; ij NksMÛ
ßftUgksua s lR; dks lk{kh nsdj mldk gkFk idMÛk vkSj igys gh mldk dk;Z nsrk gSA vius lksp&fopkj dh vifjiDork dks Lohdkj djus esa mldh rRijrk ls
fl¼ dj fn;k] ,sls Jh jke dks gh tc mlus Hkqyk fn;k] rc nwljs fdlds midkj okuj brus çlék gq, fd mu lc okujksa us mldk gh i{k fy;kA
dks og ;kn j[k ldrk gS\Þ foos'k pk³~xnks HkwekS :nu~ nHksZ"kq nqeZuk%A
;gk¡ vaxn xÛyrh ij FkkA tSlk fd ge ns[k pqds gS]a Jh jke vkSj y{e.k dks rL; lafo'krLr= :nUrks okuj"kZHkk%AA
tc lPpkbZ dk irk pyk fd lqxhz o okuj lsuk dks ,df=r djus esa dÛne mBk u;usH;% çHkqeqpq:".ka oS okfj nq%f[krk%A
pqdk gS] rks mUgksua s [ksn çdV fd;kA ijUrq vaxn lqxhz o dks {kek djus dks rS;kj u lqxzhoa pSo fuUnUr% ç'kalUr'p okfyue~AA IV.55. 17-18
FkkA ;g mldh cMÛh Hkwy FkhA rF;ksa ls rks og Hkh vufHkK u Fkk] ijUrq og lqxhz o vaxn /kjrh ij dq'kk fcNkdj mnkl eq[k ls jksr&s jksrs ej.kkUr miokl ds
ij Jh jke dh vkSj muds çfr vius dÙkZO; dks Hkqykus dk vkjksi vo'; yxkrk gSA fy, cSB x;sA muds bl çdkj cSBus ij lHkh Js"Bokuj jksus yxs vkSj nq%[kh gksdj
vkxs vaxn iwNrk gS] ßD;k mldks vÏrK vkSj vuSfrd dgs tkus dk Hk; Fkk] us=ksa ls vfojy vk¡lw cgkus yxsA lqxhz o dh fuUnk vkSj ckfy dh ç'kalk djrs gq,
vxj og lsuk ugha Hkstrk] vFkok y{e.k ds ck.kksa dk Hk; Fkk\Þ mu lcus vaxn dks ?ksj dj vkej.k miokl djus dk fu'p; fd;kA mu okujksa us
246 jkek;.k ds T;ksfr&LrEHk iUægok¡ v/;k; 247

dgk fd lqxhz o vuf/kdkjxzkgh gS vkSj ckfy ,d vPNk jktk FkkA esjk ,slk fopkj gS
fd okujksa ds ,slk dgus ds ihNs dksbZ fdaonUrh Fkh] tks ml le; vf/kd
fo'oluh; jgh gksxhA
fdf"dU/kk dkaM (lxZ 38-39) esa gh lqxhz o dh egku 'kfDr dk vuqeku fn;k
iUægok¡ v/;k;
x;k gSA tks lsuk Jh jke dh lgk;rk ds fy;s eSnku esa mrkjh Fkh] og vR;Ur foHkh"k.k
fo'kky FkhA ;g o`ÙkkUr dkQÛh euksjt a d gSA ckfy dk o/k djds jke us ;g lc
lqxhz o dks çnku fd;kA jke dh Ïik ls og rqjUr vfr 'kfDr'kkyh cu x;kA
ftlds v/khu bruk lSU;cy gks] og dnkfi ;q¼ esa ijkLr ugha fd;k tk ldrkA
lu~ 1907 ds vkjEHk esa Hkkjr ds jktuhfrd txr esa ,d ?kVuk ?kVh Fkh] tks esjs
vkt ds O;k[;ku ds fy, mi;qDr Hkwfedk dk dke djsxhA çfl¼ ^nknk HkkbZ
ukSjksth dkaxl sz vf/kos'ku^ dk lekiu gks x;k FkkA dkaxl
sz lnL;ksa esa ,slk yxrk Fkk
fd lEçfr fo[kaMu dh vk'kadk Vy xbZA lcdk ç;kl ;g gksuk pkfg, fd vxys
o"kZ ,slh fLFkfr mifLFkr gh u gksA ijUrq tSlk fd lc tkurs gS]a ,slk ;FkkFkZ esa gqvk
ughaA lu~ 1906 ds vf/kos'ku dh lekfIr ds i'pkr~ dh dk;Zokgh esa çeq[k Hkkx
fy;k Fkk] Jh xks[kys us] ftUgksua s lkspk fd vf/kos'ku dh miyfC/k;ksa dks dk;kZfUor
djus ds fy;s Hkkjr ds fofHkék Hkkxksa esa yksdO;k[;kuksa dh ,d Ük`[a kyk dk vk;kstu
gksuk pkfg,A ;qokoxZ dks ;g vo'; tkuuk pkfg, fd vaxTsz Ûkksa ls iw.kZr;k ukrk
rksMÛus vkSj lc vxzsTÛkh phTÛkksa ds iw.kZ:i ls cfg"dkj dh vfoosfpr ckrksa dk
nq"ifj.kke ,d ladVe; fLFkfr gks ldrh gSA mUgksua s mÙkj Hkkjr dk nkSjk fd;k
vkSj muds igys O;k[;kuksa dk çHkko vR;f/kd gqvkA ftu yksxksa us dkaxl sz dks
deTÛkksj djus ds ç;kl fd;s Fks] tks lc >xMÛks ds tMÛ esa Fks] muds ân; esa bu
O;k[;kuksa ls rhoz O;Fkk gqbAZ mu fnuksa caxky eas ,d çfl¼ nSfud if=dk çpfyr
Fkh] ftldk uke Fkk] ôUnsekrje*~ A blds lEiknd Jh vjfoUn ?kks"k FksA vkjEHk ds
O;k[;ku lekpkj i=ksa esa iwj&s iwjs Nis FksA ,d çkr% dky ge lc cMÛs pfdr gq,]
tc geus lEikndh; ns[kk ftldk 'kh"kZd Fkk] ^foHkh"k.k dk fuxZeuA* vfHkçk; ;g
Fkk fd Loa; dks vaxTsz Ûkh lÙkk ds i{k eas vkSj meMÛrs gq, jk"Vªh; vkUnksyu dk
fojks/k esa ?kksf"kr djus ls xks[kys us ,d ,slh gh fuUnuh; Hkwfedk vnk dh gS] tSlh
foHkh"k.k us dh FkhA vc og vius HkkbZ dk lkFk NksMÛdj Jh jke ds lkFk fey x,
FksA LokHkkfod Fkk fd esjs xq#] Jh xks[kys ds vksj bl ladrs ls eq>s cMÛh Bsl igq¡ph]
ijUrq blls Hkh vf/kd nq%[k eq>s bl ckr ls gqvk fd foHkh"k.k ds uke dk ç;ksx
,d ns'kæksgh ds lwpd ds :i esa fy;k x;k FkkA eSa ,d ,sls ifjos'k esa iyk Fkk] tgk¡
;g ekU;rk Fkh fd foHkh"k.k ,d mnkÙk pfj= vkSj çFke Js.kh dk HkDr Fkk& ,d
,slk pfj=] ftldk uke /keZijk;.k O;fDr;ksa ds fy;s /keZ] vuqjkx ds mnkgj.k ds
247

:i esa fy;k tk ldrk gSA D;k foHkh"k.k dks yksd ?k`.kk ds fy;s çnf'kZr djuk f[Ûkrkc ;k fdlh vU; loZFkk lkalkfjd&vis{kkvksa ds fufeÙk ns'k HkDrksa }kjk fd;s
mfpr Fkk] ekuks ,d ,slk O;fDr] ftlus ,d xkSjoiw.kZ mís'; dks R;kxdj vius x;s] vius ns'k dh eqfDr ds ç;klksa dk fojks/k djrk gSA nqHkkZX; ls eq>s ml ijLij
ukrs fj'rsnkjksa vkSj vius çns'k dks fons'kh vkØe.k ds ladV esas Mky fn;k Fkk\ xgjh ?k`.kk ds çfr lgkuqHkwfr ugha] tks vktdy ds jktuhfr nyksa ds chp ik;h
ijUrq bl pfj= dks ,sls n`f"Vdks.k ls ns[kus dh f'k{kk eq>s ns[kus ugha nh xbZ FkhA tkrh gSA jktuhfr ds {ks= ds yksx ekuoh; lEcU/kh ckrkas dh dsoy lrg ij gh
vUos"k.k ds ckn eq>s ;g tkudj vR;Ur nq%[k gqvk fd çk;% mÙkj Hkkjr esa jgrs gSAa os ekeyksa dh xgjkb;ksa esa u tkdj muds eeZ dks ugha Nw ikrs] u gh gekjh
foHkh"k.k dk uke ,d ns'kæksgh] vius jk"Vªh; mís'; ds çfr fo'okl?kkrh ds vFkZ esa okLrfod çÏfr ds lR; dh xgjkb;ksa ij igq¡prs gSAa os gekjs ikjykSfdd lEcU/kksa
ç;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA bl ckr ls ^jke;k.k^ egkdkO; ds çfr mÙkj Hkkjr vkSj ls Hkh vf/kd ifjfpr ugha gksr]s u gh mudks bl ckr dk dqN irk gS fd ge esa
nf{k.k Hkkjr ds n`f"Vdks.k ds chp ,d Hkkjh vUrj mtkxj gqvkA ijUrq eq>s loZ'kfDreku ijes'oj dh vuqdEik çkIr djus dh Hkh {kerk gSA eSa ugha le> ikrk
çlékrk gS fd esjh ckn dh iwNrkN ls çekf.kr gks x;k fd vUrj bruk Hkkjh ugha] fd ,d jktuhfrd fopkj/kkjk j[kus okys yksx nwljs i{k ds yksxkas dh féknk D;ksa
ftruk fd ml le; eSa le>rk FkkA nf{k.k Hkkjr esa Hkh vusd ,sls mÙksftr yksx djrs gS\a os mUgsa jk"Vª ds Hkfo"; dk 'k=q D;ksa çn£'kr djus yxrs gS]a fd pkgs
gS]a tks fdlh dkj.k ls rRdkyhu jktuhfrd Hkkouk ls mÙksftr gksdj foHkh"k.k dks mudk futh pfj= fdruk Hkh mTToy D;ksa u gks] pkgs vU; {ks=ksa esa turk ds fy;s
,d frjLdkj vkSj ykaNu dk ik= ekurs gSAa nwljh vksj] Hkkjr ds vU; Hkkxksa esa Hkh mudh mi;ksfxrk fdruh Hkh vf/kd D;ksa u gks] pkgs mudk vkpj.k fdruk Hkh
cgqr ls yksx gS]a tks blds çfrdwy er j[krs gksAa rFkkfi esjs fopkj esa ;fn bl vuqdj.kh; D;ksa u gks\ eSa rks ;g ekurk gw¡] jktuhfr esa lHkh nyksa dk viuk&viuk
fo"k; ij tuer fy;k tk;s] rks nf{k.k Hkkjr dh vis{kk mÙkj Hkkjr esa vf/kd yksx LFkku gSA fdlh Hkh ny fo'ks"k dk lR;rk vkSj jktuhfrd le>nkjh ij
foHkh"k.k dh usdukeh ds fojks/kh gksxa As eq>s ;g nqHkkZX; dk fo"k; çrhr gksrk gS fd ,dkf/kdkj ugha gks ldrkA çR;sd ny dks ikjLifjd lgk;rk dh vko';drk
gekjs lcls egku egkdkO; dk ,d ik=] ftls dfo us Loa; lEeku fn;k gS] ftls jgrh gS] ;fn ge ;g eku ysa fd jktuhfrd le>nkjh vkSj jktuhfrd lR;rk
'krkfCn;ksa ls Hkkjr us ,d vkn'kZ HkDr ds :i esa ekuk gS] ,d ,slk O;fDr] ftlus çR;sd laxfBr ny ds fl¼kUrksa esa fo|eku gksrh gSA ns'k lsok ds dk;Z ds fufeÙk
fof'k"Bk}Srokfnuksa ds vuqlkj] ,d ^çiék* ('kj.kkxr) ds fodklksfpr fofHkék xq.kksa ge lcdkss ,d&nwljs dks lgk;d fe= ekuuk pkfg,A dnkfpr~~ dk;Z djrs le;
vkSj pj.kksa dh Øe'k% fu"Bkiwod Z lk/kuk djds] ,d vuqdj.kh; mnkgj.k çLrqr rRdkyhu vko';drk;sa gesa fdlh ikjLifjd çfr}U}rk esa Mky ldrh gSa vkSj ge
fd;k gS] ,d brus mPp dksfV ds pfj= dks] fdlh Hkh çdkj] ml le; ds jktuhfr nks ijLij fojks/kh i{kksa ds :i esa vkeus&lkeus gks ldrs gS] ftuesa gjsd dk ç;kl
ls çsfjr O;fDr;ksa }kjk ,d ,sls ik= ds :i esa ekuk tk;s] ftldks ;k rks R;kx nsuk nwljs ds dk;Z dks udkjuk gksA ijUrq] ;g vko';d ugha fd ge nwljs i{k ds
pkfg, ;k ftldk mYys[k dsoy fuUnk ds :i esa fd;k tk;sA ;g eq>s ,d egkiq#"kksa ds pfj= dks v;FkkFkZ :i ls çLrqr djsAa ;g eSa tks dgus tk jgk gw¡
'kkspuh; ckr yxrh gS vkSj blls eSa dnkfi le>kSrk ugha dj ldrkA vkt ,d çkFkfed fVIi.kh ds :i esa gSA lEifÙk ds fooknksa ls vf/kd] viuh ifRu;ksa dh
,sls Jksrkx.k ds le{k cksyrs gq,] ftudh okYehfd vkSj muds lkekU; fopkjksa ds çfr"Bk ls Hkh vf/kd] eqdíesckTÛkh ls Hkh vf/kd] tks ikjLifjd lgkuqHkwfr ls foeq[k
çfr lgkuqHkwfr gS] eSa pkgrk gw¡ fd foHkh"k.k dks ;FkklEHko mlds fuUndksa ls cpk;k dj nsrh gSa] bu lcls dgha vf/kd& ,sls çrhr gksrk gS] fd jktuhfrd er
tk;s vkSj mls bl n`f"V ls çLrqr fd;k tk;s] tks esjs fopkj ls ;FkkrF; gSA esjh fojks/k] gekjs yksxksa esa ,d&nwljs ds çfr lcls ?k`f.kr Hkk"kk dk ç;ksx mRiék djrs
ekU;rk gS fd foHkh"k.k vius le; ds ekunaMksa ds vuqlkj ,d lPpfjr O;fDr Fkk gSAa ;g ,d phTÛk gS] tks esjh le> esa ugha vkrh vkSj eSa pkgrk gw¡ fd ;g phTÛk gekjs
vkSj gekjs le; ds ekunaMkas ds vuqlkj Hkh gSA viuk vk'k; Li"V djus ds fy, cPpksa dh f'k{kk ls ;FkklEHko lnk&lnk ds fy;s nwj dj nh tk;sA fdlh Hkh ;qod
dqN le; eSa foHkh"k.k dh çÏfr ds rÙoksa dks Li"Vhdj.k ij yxkuk pkgrk gw¡A dks ,sls fopkjksa dh f'k{kk ugha nh tkuh pkfg, fd dsoy blhfy;s fd la;ksx ls og
igyk ç'u] tks esjs efLr"d esa vk jgk gS] og gS fd ns'kæksgh dkSu gksrk gS\ lkekU; nwljs i{k esa gS] ,d mPp [;kfr okyk jktusrk ,d ?k`f.kr O;fDr gS] ftlds çfr
cksypky esa ns'kæksgh mldks dgk tk;sxk] tks vius ns'k ;k jk"Vª ds lkFk fo'okl?kkr vi'kCnksa dk ç;ksx fd;k tk;s] ftlds fy;s ;g Hkh dgk tk;s fd ;fn Hkkjr dk
djds ml 'k=q ls fey tkrk gS] ftlus ns'k ij vkØe.k fd;k gks vFkok mlds Hkyk djuk gS] rks Js;Ldj ;gh gksxk fd og ej tk;s vkSj ;fn ejs ugha] rks mldks
fo#¼ ;q¼ NsMÛ fn;k gksA vFkZ foLrkj ls fu'p; gh ;g 'kCn fdlh Hkh jktuhfrK lekIr dj fn;k tk;sA eSa le>rk gw¡ fd og O;fDr vius le; dk lcls cMÛk
vFkok yksdlsod ds fy, ykxw gksxk] tks tkucw> dj fdlh futh LokFkZ vFkok midkjh gksxk] tks gekjs dWkyst vkSj Ldwyksa ds ;qodksa dks ;g f'k{kk ns lds fd

O;fDrxr xq.k] ekuo pfj= dk lkSUn;Z] ekuo vkpj.k dh xfjek& ;s lc gksrk gS ;k gkfudj] bl dk ifj.kke vPNk gksxk ;k cqjk] ns'kHkDr ls ns'k dk Hkyk
jktuhfrd nyksa esa ikbZ tkrh gS]a vkSj ,d uo;qod ds fy, viuh laons uk vkSj gksrk gS ;k ugha] vUrr% ;g lc fuHkZj gksrk gS] bl ij fd ml Hkkouk dk y{;
ân; dh Hkkouk dks ladfq pr djuk mfpr ugha gSA [ÛkjS ! ;g rks ,d ,slh vkdak{kk gS] fdl fn'kk esa gSA mnkgj.k ds fy,] ekrk dk cPps ds çfr çse dks ysAa ekrk vius
tks fd esjs thou esa iwjh gksus okyh ughaA ubZ ih<Ûh ds yksx iqjkuh ih<Ûh ds yksxksa ij cPps ds fy;s viuk ygw cgk ldrh gS] mlds fy, viuh tku Hkh ns ldrh gSA bl
dhpMÛ mNkyus esa vkuUn vuqHko djrs gSAa eSua s Lo;a cgqr dqN Hkqxrk gSA eSa vU; yksd esa og vius cPps dh HkykbZ ds fy, D;k dqN ugha dj ldrh\ ijUrq ge
O;fDr;ksa dks Hkh tkurk gw¡] tks okLrfod egkurk ds vf/kdkjh gSa vkSj ftuds çfr tkurs gS]a cgq/kk ekrk;s]a tks cPpksa dks ikyus dh dyk esa lqf'kf{kr ugha gksrh] cPpksa
ns'k dks ÏrK gksuk pkfg,A ijUrq mUgsa Hkh vuqfpr :i ls ubZ ih<Ûh ds gkFkksa d"V dh çÏfr ls lqifjfpr ugha gksrh] os mudk ikyu iks"k.k Bhd çdkj ls ugha dj
lguk iMÛk gSA ;g yksdrkaf=d jktuhfr dk ,d oSf'k"V~; gSA ;g ckr ml le; ikrhA ;gk¡ rd fd vKkuo'k os mudk lkekU; LokLF; Hkh fcxkMÛ nsrh gSA og
ugha gksrh Fkh] tcfd Hkkjr esa jktuhfr dk yksdra=hdj.k ugha gqvk FkkA ;s ckrsa fdruh Hkh ln~Hkkoiw.kZ] fdruh Hkh Lusgh] fdruh Hkh lefiZr] fdruh Hkh R;kxe;h
vejhdk vkSj baXySMa esa vf/kd çpfyr gS]a tgk¡ jktuhfrKksa us dbZ ihf<Û;ksa ls tMsÛ D;ksa u gks] ,d vf'kf{kr ekrk cPps dk ikyu iks"k.k mfpr <ax ls ugha dj ldrhA
tekbZ gqbZ gSAa ;fn vki esjh lPph&lPph jk; iwN]sa rks eSa rks ;gh dgwxk¡ fd bl vius ykMÛ ds vkf/kD; ds dkj.k og Loa; cPps dh deTÛkksfj;ksa] nqxqZ.kksa dk
le; yksdra= ds foijhr voLFkk ogk¡ dgha vf/kd ns[kus dks feyrh gSA yksdra= ewydkj.k cu ldrh gSA dnkfpr~~ mldk çse cPps dh nq"Vrk dk Hkh dkj.k cu
}kjk igq¡ps ykHk vFkok dqN vkSj le; ds vUnj mlds }kjk igq¡pk;s tkus okys ldrk gSA ;g ns[kus esa vkrk gS fd eerk dk nq#i;ksx gksrk gSA ;g Hkh ge tkurs
lEHkkfor ykHk vis{kkÏr de fn[kkbZ nsrs gSAa fu'p; gh yksdra= ekuo }kjk vHkh gSa fd nqfHkZ{k ;k ladV ds le;] nks ;k rhu cPpksa ds Hkkj ls nch fL=;k¡] muds fy,
rd pykbZ xbZ ç'kklu ç.kkfy;kas esa loZJ"s B gSA ijUrq ;g okaNuh; gS fd mlds nSfud jksVh tqVkus esa vius dks vleFkZ ikdj lkspus yxrh gS fd os vius thou
pykus okys yksx lkglh] fu"Bkoku] çFke Js.kh ds yksx gksAa vijhf{kr yksxksa ds dk vUr dj ysa vkSj bldh çkjfEHkd rS;kjh ds fy;s vius cPpksa dks Hkh ekj nsuk
gkFkksa esa blds nq#i;ksx dh vR;f/kd lEHkkouk vf/kd jgrh gSA ;s yksx lksprs gSa vko';d le>rh gSAa nsf[k,] ckr dgk¡ ls dgk¡ rd igq¡p tkrh gS! eSa bl ckr dh
fd nq#i;ksx djuk jktuhfr dk eq[; rÙo gS vkSj fHkék fopkj/kkjk okyksa ds çfr vksj /;ku fnykus dk ç;kl dj jgk gw¡ fd Hkkoukvksa esa lcls mRÏ"V çse Hkh ,d
?k`.kk ns'k çse dk çek.kfpÊ gSA bl mins'k esa eSua s tks dqN dgk gS] mldk ,d L=h dks ,sls deZ djus ds fy, çsfjr dj ldrh gS] ftldk mYys[k ek= Hkh gekjs
dkj.k rks ;g gS fd eSa le>rk gw¡ fd ,slh ekufldrk vktdy dh ,slh cqjkbZ gS] eu esa ohHkRlk dk Hkko Hkjrk gSA nwljh vksj] yhft, ,d cqf¼eku firk ;k
tks fd Hkkjr esa fons'kh ewy dh gS vkSj ftldk fujkdj.k djuk dfBu ugha gSA vkSj cqf¼erh ekrk] ftlus iqLrdksa ds v/;;u ls ;g tkuk gS fd cPpksa dks fdl çdkj
nwljk dkj.k ;g gS fd nqHkkZX; ls blh ekufldrk ds dkj.k foHkh"k.k dk Å¡pk uke cqjkb;ksa ls nwj j[kuk pkfg,] tks mUgsa mPp] mnkj psÙkk vkSj fu"diV O;fDr;ksa ds
vçfr"Bk dk fo"k; cuk;k x;k gSA ;fn gekjh jktuhfrK vktdy ds tSls u gksr]s çfr çse Hkko j[kuk fl[kk ldrh gS] mu ckrksa ls nwj jguk] tks v/kksxfr dh vksj
;fn 'kCn ^ns'k çse* dk vk/kqfud :i esa O;ogkj u fd;k x;k O;ogkj gksrk] rks ys tk ldrh gSAa TÛkjk lksfp,] ,sls pfj=oku ekrk vkSj firk gekjs jk"Vª ds thou esa
foHkh"k.k dk uke gekjs vkdyu esa fueZy vkSj fu"dayd jgrkA vUrr% ns'k çse Hkyk djus ds fy, fdruh egku'kfDr ds /kuh gksrs gSAa vc vki le> x, gksxa ]s
dk vFkZ D;k gS\ vius 'kCnksa ds ç;ksx esa eq>s cgqr lko/kkuh j[kuh pkfg, D;ksfa d esjk ;g dguk fdruk rdZlxa r gS fd gekjs cfy"B Hkkokos'kksa vkSj gekjs Js"Bre
tks yksx fdlh usrk dh ckrksa dks fdlh jktuhfrd >qdko ds lkFk lqurs gS]a os euksHkkoksa dk Lokxr Hkh dsoy mlh lhek rd fd;k tk ldrk gS] tgk¡ rd mudk
mldk vFkZ vius&vius <ax ls yxkrs gS]a viuh&viuh vfHk#fp ds vuqlkjA mi;ksx dk;ks± ds lq/kkj ds fy, ,sls O;fDr;ksa }kjk fd;k tk;s] ftuds ân;ksa es os
vko';d ugha fd ;g vFkZ oDrk ds 'kCnksa ds vuqdy w gks vFkok mlds vfHkçk; ds fof'k"V LFkku j[krs gksAa vr% ns'k çse vius ifj.kke esa vPNk Hkh gks ldrk gS
vuqdy w A esjh ckr dks mlh vFkZ esa le>k tk;s] tSlk fd eSa dguk pkgrk gw¡] u fd vFkok cqjk Hkh] mlds ihNs vfHkçk; pkgs fdrus Hkh çfrf"Br D;ksa u gksAa fdlh Hkh
ml vFkZ es]a tSlk fd vki mls le> jgs gksAa euq"; esa lc ln~x.q k tUetkr ugha gksrAs ;fn ge ekuoh; dk;ks± esa mudk mn~Hko
eSa dgus tk jgk Fkk fd ;g vko';d ugha fd ^ns'k çse* ekuoh; LoHkko dk ij[kuk pkgs]a rks dnkfpr~~ ik;sxa s fd mudh mRifÙk ,d lk/kkj.k HkkSfrd voLFkk ls
,d xq.k ekuk tk;sA ;g rks ,d Hkkokos'k gSA ns'k çse ,d mPp dksfV dh Hkkouk gS] vkjEHk gqbAZ ml HkkSfrd voLFkk ls /khjs&/khjs muds lEcU/kksa dh ifjiw.kZrk ls]
,d mRÏ"V ân; dk] ,d mnkÙk pfj= dk #>ku gSA ijUrq ns'k çse ykHkçn fl¼ muds mi;ksx ds mék;u ls] ;s uSfrd /kkj.kk;sa vf/kdkf/kd ifj"Ïr gksrh xbZ gSAa

;gk¡ rd fd vc ge ekuus yxs gSa fd f'k{kk dk eq[; mís'; vkSj çeq[k y{; gS] lksprs gSa fd leLr Hkkjr ds fuoklh ,d dÛkeS gSAa ;g Hkkouk dqN gh ihf<Û;ksa iwoZ
bu /kkj.kkvksa dks ubZ ih<Ûh ds eu esa cSBkukA iuih gSA
vc eSa fn[kkuk pkgw¡xk fd ekuo bfrgkl esa ns'k isez dh Hkkouk dSls tUehaA dqN vkSj Hkh eq>s dguk gSA tcfd bl ns'k ds oklh ge fiNMÛ x;s gSa vkSj
vktdy ns'kHkfDr og ugha gS] tSlk fd vkjEHk esa bldk vFkZ FkkA igys ns'k çse fuEu ls fuEurj esa ladfq pr gks x, gS]a nqfu;k dh vU; dÛkeS as D;k dj jgh gS\a vU;
vf/kdrj dÛchyksa vkSj NksVh&NksVh mitkfr;ksa rd gh lhfer FkkA iw.kZr;k ifjokjksa ogk¡ ds çcq¼&oxZ vkSj Js"B çf'kf{kr yksx D;k dj jgs gS\a os u dsoy viuh
vkSj NksVs xzkeksa rd lhfer jgus ds i'pkr~ Øe'k% bldk foLrkj gksus yxk vkSj ;g jk"Vªh; jktuhfr dks nqfu;k esa loZJs"B ekurs gSa] vfirq os viuh vUrjkZ"Vªh;
,d lq[kn Hkkouk ds :i esa vius cU/kq&ckU/koksa ds çfr çse] viuh tkfr ds çfr jktuhfr dks Hkh nqfu;k esa loZJ"s B ekurs gSAa muds fpUru esa leLr dÛkeS as lkjh
çse ds vFkks± esa yh tkus yxhA gekjs bfrgkl esa dksly] fonsg vkSj vU; blh çdkj i`Foh vkSj fofHkék lEçnk;ks]a ns'kksa ds yksx ,d gS]a ,d gh ifjokj ds gSa vkSj ekuo
ds tulewgksa dk mYys[k gSA ml le; fdlh dk Hkh viuk futh ns'k] çns'k] vFkok ifjokj ,d gSA ge esa dsoy ,d gh Hkkouk gksuh pkfg,] ;g egku fopkj vktdy
{ks= ugha FkkA ,d euq"; fdlh u fdlh dÛchys fo'ks"k vFkok tu lewg dk lnL; ds euhf"k;ksa ds efLr"d vkSj ân; esa iui jgk gSA TÛkjk lksfp, fd ;g fopkj fd
gksrk Fkk vkSj mldk gh dq'ky&{ks= lewg Hkwfe ij viuk LFkku cnyrk jgrk FkkA ge lkEçnkf;d jktuhfr dh vksj ykSVa s fdruk 'kkspuh; gS] tcfd loZJ"s B yksx
yksx tYnh&tYnh /kjrh ds ,d Hkkx ls nwljs Hkkx ij LFkku cnyrs jgrs FksA leLr olq/kk dks vius ns'kçse dk vf/kdkjh le>rs gSAa ,sls Hkh yksx gS]a ftudk
leqnk; vkSj dÛchyksa ls /khjs&/khjs ;g tqMÛs gksus dh Hkkouk tulewg ls ml Hkwfe ds fopkj gS fd Ldwy vkSj dkWfyt ds ;qok Nk=ksa dh f'k{kk ,slh gksuh pkfg, fd os bl
fy, vUrfjr gksrh xbZ] tks mlds fy;s ewy egÙo j[krk FkkA bl çdkj nh?kZdky çdkj dh ns'kHkfDr dh Hkkouk ls çsfjr çksr gksdj fudysAa
rd ç;ksx esa vkus ds dkj.k 'kCn ^ns'k çse* dk ç;ksx vc ml lekt fo'ks"k ds çfr ;fn foHkh"k.k Jh jke dks ns[kdj] muds LoHkko dks tkudj] ;g HkyhHkk¡fr
Hkkouk dh rqyuk es]a ftlls ge tqMÛs gS]a dgha vf/kd ns'k fo'ks"k ds çfr çse Hkkouk le>dj fd os txr esa ekuoh; ln~x.q kksa ds vkn'kZe£w r Fks vkSj ekuork dh j{kk ds
ds fy, gksrk gS] tgk¡ geus tUe fy;k gSA ;g gS] ifrorZu] tks 'kCn ^ns'k çse* ds fufeÙk gh os tx esa vk;s Fks] ,sls pfj= dh foHkwfr dks iw.kZ :i ls le> dj vkSj
ihNs fufgr vFkZ esa vk;k gSA ,d tkrh; vFkok dÛchyh lUnHkZ ls ;g 'kCn /khjs mlls çHkkfor gksdj ml loksPZ p vkSj loZJ"s B O;fDr dh lsok esa f[kap dj vk;k
/khjs ml ns'k ds fy, LFkkukUrfjr gks x;k] tgk¡ ;s tkfr;k¡ vFkok oxZ LFkk;h :i vkSj mlus vius ladh.kZ ,oa vuSfrd okrkoj.k dk R;kx fd;k] rks D;k ge bl
ls tk clsA vc er ;g gS fd loksPZ p ns'k çse og gS] ftlds vUrxZr vf[ky vkpj.k dks ekuoh; pfj=ghurk dk ,d ladrs ekuk tkuk pkfg,\ lpeqp ;g
Hkkjr rFkk mlesa clus okys lHkh fuoklh lfEefyr gSAa tks yksx Lo;a dks cEcbZ esjh le> ls ckgj dh ckr gSA ;g rks gS] tks dqN foHkh"k.k us fd;k] dsoy bruk
okys vFkok caxkyh dgrs gS]a mUgsa ge vifjiDo iw.kZr;k fodflr ugha ekurs gSAa ghA ;gh fcUnq eSa vkidks Hkyh çdkj ls le>kuk pkgrk gw¡A vU; yksxksa ls gVdj
ns'k çse dh bdkbZ vc lEiw.kZ Hkkjr ns'k gks x;k gSA ;fn dksbZ dgs fd og caxkyh ftuds fopkj esa Jh jke dsoy ,d lPpfjr O;fDr Fks] foHkh"k.k us le>k fd os
gS vkSj mls fdlh vU; ckr ls dksbZ ç;kstu ugha] rks ge le>sxa s fd mlds fopkj ,d vkn'kZ iq#"k Fks] vius le; ds Js"B 'kwjohj vkSj ohjksa esa vxz.kh; Fks] ftuds
cgqr vifj"Ïr gSAa ;fn dksbZ O;fDr Lo;a dks iw.kZr;k eqfLye dgs] vFkok fgUnw ;k mnkgj.k ls u dsoy cgqr dqN lh[kuk pkfg,] vfirq ftudh lsok mls djuh
flD[k dgs vkSj ;g fd mlds çseHkko esa Hkkjr dk LFkku gS] vFkok fcYdqy ugha] pkfg, vkSj vkKk dk ikyu Hkh djuk pkfg,A ;fn ml fnO; ok.kh dks lqudj vki
rks ,sls O;fDr dks ge ns'k çse jfgr ekusxa ]s vFkok ladfq pr vFkZ es]a ns'kçsehA mldh vksj f[kap ugha tkrs] ;fn ,sls egkiq#"k dk lkeuk gksus ij vki mlds
yxHkx chl o"kZ iwoZ (vFkkZr~ lu~ 1925 ds vklikl) ns'k dk çR;sd O;fDr ;g pj.kksa esa ureLrd gksus ds fy, çsfjr ugha gks tkrs] ,d ,sls iq#"k ds lEeq[k]
dgus esa xoZ djrk Fkk fd eSa Hkkjrh; igys gw¡ vkSj fgUnw ;k eqfLye vFkok flD[k ftldk i`Foh ds Nksj rd vuqlj.k djrs jguk pkfg,] rks bZ'oj ds fy,] de ls
ckn esAa eq>s ;kn gS] tc eSa NksVk Fkk rks ,d lPps ns'kçseh dk çeku fpÊ ;g de ml O;fDr dh fuUnk rks u djks] tks ,slk djrk gSA viuh deTÛkksfj;ksa ds fy,
Hkkouk FkhA [ksn gS] gekjs jktuhfrK fdrus foÏr vkSj Hkz"V gks x;s gSAa vkt ,sls Hkh nq[kh gksvks] vius myVsiu ij vk¡lw cgkvks] fdUrq ml O;fDr dh fuUnk u djks]
gS]a tks Mads dh pksV ij dgrs gS]a ÞeSa çFker% eqfLye gw¡] f}rh;r%] r`rh;r% Hkh tks vius l;e dh Hkkoukvksa ls dgha Åij mB tkrk FkkA dnkfpr~~ bl fcUnq ij eSa
eqfLye gw¡_ Hkkjrh; rks fcYdqy ughaAß fgUnw Hkh tokc esa çk;% ,slk gh dgrs lqus tÛ:jr ls vf/kd cy ns jgk gw¡A vkidk ;g iwNuk Hkh mfpr gksxk] ßD;k foHkh"k.k
x;s gSAa FkksMÛs le; esa fdruk ifjorZu gks x;k gSA vc rks dqN gh yksx gh ,slk us Hkh ml le; lpeqp bl lkoZHkkSe ns'k çse vFkok bl fo'o ukxfjdrk dk lkspk

gksxk] tSlk fd vki lksp jgs gS\a Þ ugha] ugha! eSa bl ckr dk nkok ugha djrkA eSa tks ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa ,d lEekU; Hkwfedk vnk djuk lEHko Fkk] ijUrq tks nksuksa esa ls
dg jgk gw¡] og dsoy ;g gS fd foHkh"k.k dks bl fo'o çse dh Hkkouk dk dksbZ fdlh i{k dh vksj fuf'pr :i ls vkd"kZ.k vuqHko u djus ds dkj.k rVLFk gh
vkHkkl Hkh u Fkk] tSlk fd ge yksx le>rs gSa vkSj mlus yadk rd dks Hkh vius jgsA dnkfpr~~ bl çdkj dk dsoy ;gh ,d mnkgj.k gS] ftldh ifjdYiuk dksbZ
ç;Ruksa ds pje y{; ds :i esa ugha lkspk FkkA mlus rks Jh jke vkSj jko.k& nksuksa dgkuh ys[kd dj ldkA tks yksx ,slk dgrs gSa fd tc foHkh"k.k us jko.k dk
dks gh cMÛs /;ku ls ij[kkA ,d dks mlus ?kfV;k /kkrq ik;k] ;|fi og ukrsnkj vkSj ifjR;kx djus dk fu'p; fd;k] rks vkSfpR; dk /;ku j[krs gq, mls de ls de
lgksnj HkkbZ Fkk] ftlus mls vPNk Hkkstu] vPNh iks'kkd vkSj ns'k dh jktlÙkk esa e;kZnk dh lhek ds vUnj rVLFk jguk pkfg, Fkk] os ekuoh; çÏfr dh xfjek dks
,d çfrf"Br LFkku nsdj viuh vksj vkd£"kr fd;k] ijUrq jke ;g D;k Fkk\ ugha le>rs] u gh ml mís'; dks] ftlds fufeÙk ekuo tkfr bl i`Foh xzg ij
jko.k ds pfj= esa Fkh la;Dq r lc çdkj dh nq"Vrk;sa vkSj ,sls deZ] tks fd lEiw.kZ fo|eku gSA
ekuo tkfr dks cnuke djus okys gSAa dqN yksx ,slk dgrs gS]a ßdksbZ ckr ugha] ;fn foHkh"k.k jke ls tk feyk]
dqN ,sls Hkh yksx gSa tks dgrs gS]a ß;fn foHkh"k.k dh ,slh /kkj.kk Fkh fd jko.k ijUrq mlus vius vkidks bruk fØ;kRed D;ksa cuk;k\ D;ksa mlus Jh jke ds
,slk O;fDr ugha] ftlds fy, dqN lsok dh tk;s vFkok mlds lkFk jgk tk;s] rks ik'oZ esa [kMÛs gksdj dqEHkd.kZ] bUæthr] çgLr vkfn dh vksj b'kkjk fd;k\ D;ksa
mfpr ;gh gksrk fd og yadk ls ckgj tkdj dgha vkSj Hkkjr esa pqipki jgus mlus ;q¼ ds fu.kkZ;d {k.kksa esa yadk vkSj mlds ekspkZcUnh ds lc Hksn [kksy]s vkSj
yxrkA Jh jke dh lgk;rk djus dk D;k vkSfpR; Fkk\Þ fcYdqy ;gh ckr viuk vR;Ur cgqeYw ; ijke'kZ vkSj lg;ksx Jh jke dks fn;k\Þ ;s ç'u dsoy
bUæthr us vius pkpk ls dgh FkhA bl ç'u dk mÙkj igys gh ns fn;k tk pqdk iwNus esa gh vPNs yxrs gS\a jke ds lkFk tqMÛus ij ml i{k dks iwjk&iwjk lg;ksx
gSA dksbZ Hkh O;fDr vPNk gks ldrk gS ;k cqjkA fdlh dks rVLFk jgus dk vf/kdkj nsuk loZFkk mfpr FkkA mldh ogk¡ mifLFkfr dk mís'; gh Fkk /keZ dh v/keZ ij]
ugha] tc rd fd og ;g u lksps fd nksuksa i{k vPNkbZ esa cjkcj gSAa vUrj rks uSfrdrk dh nq"Vrk ij fot; fnykuk] thr ml i{k dh ftlds lkFk mlus vus
vPNkbZ vkSj cqjkbZ ds chp dk gS] /keZ vkSj v/keZ ds chpA ,d O;fDr ?kksj ladV vkidks tksMÛ fy;k FkkA
ls la=Lr gS] vPNkbZ vkSj cqjkbZ dk ?kksj la?k"kZ gks jgk gks] nqfu;k dk Hkfo"; gh ,d vU; ç'u Hkh mBk;k tkrk gS] ftlds fy, Hkh esjk mÙkj lh/kk gSA yksx
vfu'p;xzLr gks x;k gksA dqN le; rd og fdadÙkZO;foew<Û jgrk gSA ijUrq tc dgrs gS]a ß;fn mlus viuh iwjh deZ 'kfDr vkSj dkS'ky dk ç;ksx djds yadk ds
og vPNh çdkj le> ysrk gS fd og vPNkbZ ds i{k esa D;k dqN dj ldrk gSA rks 'k=q jke dks lQyrk fn[kkbZ vkSj vius lgksnj HkkbZ dk fouk'k fd;kA [ÛkjS ! fdUrq
D;k og mi;qDr LFkku vkSj mi;qDr deZ{ks= pquus ds ctk;] gkFk ij gkFk j[k Lo;a dks jktk D;ksa cukuk Fkk\ D;k og ;g ugha dg ldrk Fkk fd mls jkT; ugha
dj vius oS;fDrd thou dh lc vkdka{kkvksa dk R;kx dj ldrk gS\ eSua s bl pkfg,\Þ D;ksfa d dkO; ds ewyikB esa gh bl ckr dk o.kZu gS fd jkT; us gh mlds
çdkj dk ekxZ viukus fojys gh ns[ksa gksxa As tc Jh jke vkSj jko.k ds fodYi dk lEiw.kZ ç;Ruksa dks çsfjr fd;k FkkA Lo;a foHkh"k.k }kjk ,d ;k nks ckj dgyk;k x;k
ç'u foHkh"k.k ds lkeus vk;k gksxk] rks fu'p; gh mldks rVLFkrk jkl u vkbZ gS fd ;q¼ esa fot;Jh jko.k ds i{k esa Fkh] eSa ;gk¡ dsoy ,d c`gr~ fVIi.kh djrk gw¡]
gksxhA esjs fopkj esa Hkh bl çdkj dk lq>ko lgh ugha fd lEHkor% rVLFkrk ftlds n`f"Vdks.k ls ewydkO; dk v/;;u fd;k tk;sA jkT; dk ifjR;kx foHkh"k.k
foHkh"k.k ds fy, lcls vPNk fodYi gks ldrk Fkk vkSj rVLFkrk dh ckr le> esa fdl çdkj dj ldrk Fkk\ og jko.k ds dqy dk ,e ek= thfor iq#"k FkkA ml
vk ldrh gS] ;fn og ml le; vkSj LFkku ds fy, mi;ksxh gksA ;fn lPpkbZ vkSj yadk }hi esa vYiO;Ldks]a o`¼ks]a fo/kokvksa vkSj vukFkksa ds vfrfjDr dksbZ u cpk
cqjkbZ dh nks 'kfDr;k¡ yxHkx cjkcj dh VDdj dh gks]a vkSj vki ;g fu'p; ugha FkkA lHkh ;ks¼k ekjs tk pqds FksA jktifjokj esa mlds vfrfjDr dksbZ 'ks"k u Fkk]
dj ik jgs gksa fd fdl i{k dks viuk leFkZu ns]a ftlls cqjkbZ ij vPNkbZ dh fot; vkSj mlds ikl dsoy pkj ea=h jg x;s FksA yadk esa D;k 'ks"k jg x;k Fkk\ D;k ,d
fu'p; gks tk;sA ,slh fLFkfr esa Hkh vkidks dqN u dqN fu.kZ; ysuk vko';d gSA jkT; ds :i esa ml ij 'kklu djus ds fy;s og fdlh dks vkd£"kr djus ds ;ksX;
Vdjko esa vkidks lfEefyr gksuk vko';d gSA mlls vNwrk jguk vlEHko gSA eSua s Fkh\ ml Hk;adj ;q¼ ds mijkUr] ftlesa dksbZ Hkh mi;ksxh oLrq 'ks"k u jgh gksxh]
fdlh dFkk lkfgR; rd esa ugha ik;k fd dksbZ rVLFk ik= ,d egku pfj= ekuk D;k jg x;k Fkk] tks fdlh esa jktk cuus dh bPNk txkrk\ tcfd lHkh okuj]
x;k gksA fyêu (Lytton) ds miU;klksa esa ls ,d ds vfUre v/;k;ksa esa ,d vius ftudks fotsrk i{k esa gksus dk lkSHkkX; feyk Fkk] iq"id foeku }kjk jke vkSj lhrk
le; ds egku O;fDr] dqyhu iq#"k dk mYys[k gS] ftls ns'k dh rRdkyhu dk jkT;fHk"ksd ns[kus ds fy, v;ks/;k x,A yadk ls dsoy foHkh"k.k vdsyk gh x;k]
256 jkek;.k ds T;ksfr&LrEHk lksygok¡ v/;k; 257

tkus dks dksbZ vU; Fkk gh ughaA blls vf/kd ltho çek.k D;k gks ldrk gS] iwjh
cckZnh vkSj futZurk dk tks ml Hkw[kaM ij NkbZ gqbZ FkhA ;g dguk xÛyr gS fd
foHkh"k.k ,d cgqr egÙokdka{kh vkSj yksHkh O;fDr Fkk] tks yadk dks gLrxr djus
ds fy, ykykf;r FkkA mlus yadk dks vaxhdkj dsoy dÙkZO; vkSj lsok dh loksPZ p
lksygok¡ v/;k;
Hkkouk ls çsfjr gksdj fd;k D;ksfa d ml ?kk;y çns'k dks ,d cqf¼eku] lPpfj= foHkh"k.k
vkSj fu"diV 'kkld dh vko';drk FkhA eSa rks bl ckr dks blh n`f"Vdks.k ls
ekuuk Bhd le>rk gw¡A gks ldrk gS fd mlesa yadk ij 'kklu djus dh bPNk jgh
Hkh gksA fdUrq] ;g bPNk dsoy blfy;s Fkh fd ml }hi ds fy, nwljk fodYi Fkk
gh ughaA blds vfrfjDr og ,d ,sls O;fDr ds çHkqRo esa vk;s fd tks vPNkbZ vkSj esjs ,d ije fe= us] ftudh fo}Ùkk ds fy;s esjs eu esa loksPZ p vknj Hkko gS]
cqjkbZ esa Hksn dj ldrk Fkk vkSj vius çtktu ds fgr dks loksiZ fj le> ldrk ,d ckj fopkjkFkZ ,d leL;k çLrqr dh& D;ksa jke us foHkh"k.k ds fy;s ,d
FkkA jkT; dks xzg.k djus dh bPNkek= Hkh fuLLokFkZijrk dk çek.k gS] u fd lkadfs rd vfHk"ksd dk vk;kstu djk;k] vkSj og Hkh ,sls le; esa tcfd okLrfod
LokFkZijrk dkA blh pfj= ds çfr eSa vxys v/;k; esa Hkh vkidk /;ku vkd£"kr :i ls ;q¼ vkjEHk Hkh ugha gqvk Fkk] fdUrq lqxhz o ds fy;s ,slk dqN Hkh ugha fd;k
d:¡xkA rc eSa ewyikB ds çklafxd m¼j.k Hkh nw¡xk] ftlls vki ns[k ldsxa s fd x;k\ mudk Lo;a dk mÙkj cMÛk fo}Ùkkiw.kZ Fkk] ijUrq og eq>s ;qfDr;qDr ugha
eSua s ;gk¡ tks dqN fn;k gS] vki iw.kZr;k og Lo;a ds fy;s ewyikB ds gh Li"Vhdj.k yxkA vkjEHk esa bu nks pfj=ksa ds e/; oS"kE; dks Li"V djus ds mís'; ls eSa dqN
gSA vki lEHkor% le> tk;sxa s fd eSua s dqN vlaxr ugha dgkA eSua s mlds pfj= dks dguk pkgw¡xkA eSa vk'kk djrk gw¡ fd blds ckn lEHkor% bl leL;k dk mfpr
fpf=r fd;k gSA oLrqr% eSa dsoy ;gh pkgrk gw¡ fd vkidks vkefU=r d:¡ fd vki mÙkj fey tk;sA gesa Lej.k jgs fd foHkh"k.k HkfDr dk çfr:i ekuk tkrk gS]
Lo;a gh foHkh"k.k ds pfj= ds çfr U;k; djs]a blls vf/kd dqN ughaA D;ksfa d ml ^çifÙk* (vFkok vuU; HkfDr) ds :i esa vFkkZr~ jke dh 'kj.kkxfr esAa bl egkdkO;
egku pfj= dks ,d ns'kæksgh] ns'k ds çfr fo'okl?kkrh] ,d egRokdka{kh vkSj ds dFkk&okpdksa ds fy, ^foHkh"k.k 'kj.kkxfr* ckj&ckj fy, tkus okyh fo"k;&oLrq
yksyiq O;fDr dguk] tks vius mís';iw£r ds fy, vius lEcfU/k;ks]a vkSj ;gk¡ rd gSA mlus vius HkkbZ dh çHkqlÙkk ds fo#¼ foæksg djds vkSj mlds naM dh /kedh
fd vius HkkbZ dk Hkh] ftlds çfr og lc çdkj ls ½.kh Fkk] ifjR;kx dj ldrk ls cpdj Jh jke dh 'kj.k dh ckr yh FkhA nwljh vksj] eTÛks ;g gS fd Jh jke vkSj
Fkk] xÛyr le>uk gSA mlus vius ns'k ds çfr fo'okl?kkr ugha fd;k D;ksfa d lqxhz o ds e/; igyh gh ckrphr esa y{e.k vius HkkbZ dh vksj ls guqeku ls dgrs
mldk ;g mís'; dnkfi ugha Fkk fd yadk ns'k ds 'k=q dh lEifÙk cu tk;sA jke gSa %
Hkh yadk dks mlds ,d ns'koklh dks gh lkSia us okys FksA vr% bl çdkj dk dksbZ
vga pSo fg jke'p lqxhz oa 'kj.ka xrkSAA
fopkj rd Hkh u Fkk fd vius ns'k ds lkFk fo'okl?kkr djds] mldks nwljs dk
,"k nÙok p foÙkkfu çkI; pkuqÙkea ;'k%A
xÛy q ke gksus fn;k tk;s vkSj ,d fons'kh 'kklu dh jktuhfrd cqjkb;ksa dk fo"k; cuk
yksdukFk% iqjk HkwRok lqxhz oa ukFkfePNfrAA
fn;k tk;sA
firk ;L; iqjk áklhR'kj.;ks /keZoRly%A
rL; iq=% 'kj.;'p lqxhz oa 'kj.ka xr%AA
loZyksdL; /kekZRek 'kj.;% 'kj.ka iqjkA
xq:esZ jk?ko% lks·;a lqxhz oa 'kj.ka xr%AA
;L; çlkns lrra çlhns;qfjek% çtk%A
l jkeks okujsUæL; çlknefHkdk³~{krsAA IV.4.47-21
ÞeSa vkSj esjs HkkbZ] Jh jke& nksuksa gh lqxhz o dh 'kj.k esa vk;s gSAa esjs HkkbZ] tks
,d cMÛs /kuh Fks] v;ks/;k NksMÛus ds iwoZ gh viuk lkjk /ku oSHko dk nku djds
257

ije mÙke ;'k çkIr dj pqds gSAa tks iwoZ esa lEiw.kZ txr ds ukFk (laj{kd) Fks] os ifjek.k ds dkj.k u Fkh] vfirq blfy;s Fkh D;ksfa d mlesa tSls guqeku] tkEcoku]
vkt lqxhz o dks viuk j{kd cukuk pkgrs gSAa ftuds firk igys 'kj.kkxr ikyd vaxn] uy] uhy vkfn tSls çeq[k ;ks¼k lfEefyr FksA foHkh"k.k tc vk;k Fkk] og
vkSj /keZoRly jgs gSa vkt mUgha egkjkt n'kjFk ds iq=] Jh jke lqxhz o dh 'kj.k esa yxHkx vdsyk FkkA mlds lkFk pkj lk/kkj.k vuqpj Fks] ftuls uke rd dk
vk;s gSAa tks esjs /kekZRek cMÛs HkkbZ] Jh jke igys lEiw.kZ txr dks 'kj.k nsus okys Fks] mYys[k djuk dfo Hkwy tkrk gSA* foHkh"k.k Lo;a ogk¡ vk;k] ;gh cMÛh ckr FkhA
os vkt lqxhz o dh 'kj.k esa vk;s gSAa ftuds çlék gksus ij lnk ;g lkjh çtk ftUgksua s ^jkek;.k* i<Ûh gS vkSj tks bldh dFkk ls ifjfpr gS]a rqjUr le>
çlékrk ls çQqfYyr gksrh Fkh] os Jh jke vkt okuj jkt lqxhz o dh çlékrk pkgrs ldrs gSa fd yadk fot; ds fy;s lqxhz o vifjgk;Z Fkk] tcfd foHkh"k.k ds vkus dh
gSaAÞ dksbZ vis{kk Hkh u FkhA og lsrq fuekZ.k ls TÛkjk igys vk igq¡prk gSA dnkfpr~~ gesa
bl çlax esa vusd 'yksd m¼`r fd;s tk ldrs gSaA blls lqxzho vkSj ,slk yxrk gS fd og ;|fi vius gh ogk¡ vk;k Fkk vkSj mlds vkus ls Jh jke dks
foHkh"k.k dh vfHko`fÙk;ksa dh fo"kerk iwjh rjg Li"V gks tkrh gS] tc os jke ds ikl cgqr ykHk Hkh gqvkA ijUrq ,slk Hkh ugha dgk tk ldrk fd Jh jke us vius
vk;s FksA jke dks gh lqxhz o ds laj{k.k dh vko';drk FkhA blls gjsd ckr dk iw.kZ vfHk;ku ds fy;s mls furkUr vko';d ik;k] lgk;rk rks mlls cgqr feyhA
lek/kku gks tkrk gSA vr% gjsd n`f"V ls lqxhz o Jh jke dk led{k Fkk vkSj nksuksa oLrqr% mldh lgk;rk dqN fo'ks"k dfBukb;ksa ds le; vR;Ur egRoiw.kZ fl¼ gqb]Z
dks ,d nwljs dh lgk;rk dh vko';drk FkhA vr% os nskuksa cjkcjh esa LFkku ij FksA ijUrq ,slk Hkh ugha dgk tk ldrk fd mldh lgk;rk ds fcuk dke ugha py
;g fn[kkus ds fy, fd ;g fLFkfr vUr rd vifjo£rr jgh] ge ns[ksa ml le; ldrk Fkk ;k og bruh egÙoiw.kZ Fkh] ftruh lqxhz o dhA
dk n`';] tc jke ouokl ls ?kj ykSVs vkSj iêkfHk"ksd ds dqN iwoZ lqxhz o vkSj nwljh ckr ;g Fkh fd igyh HksVa ds le; lqxhz o jke dh egkurk ls vufHkK
foHkh"k.k nksuksa Hkjr ls feys] rc Hkjr us fdl çdkj nksuksa dk Lokxr fd;kA FkkA vkjEHk esa rks og ;g Hkh ugha tkurk Fkk fd jke dkSu Fks\ tc jke us vk'oklu
dnkfpr~~ bls lw{e n`f"V mls ns[kus dh vko';drk ugha gS] ijUrq ;g oS"kE; fn;k] ßeSa rqEgkjh lgk;rk d:¡xk]Þ lqxzho dks fQj Hkh mudh lgk;rk nsus dh
f'k{kkçn gS vkSj esjk fo'okl gS fd dfo dk bl çdkj dk vfHkçk; gSA {kerk ij lUnsg FkkA mldks fo'okl ugha Fkk fd jke mlds HkkbZ] ckfy ds lkeus
Bgj ldsxa As vr% mlus muls viuh 'kfDr vkSj ;q¼dkS'ky dk çek.k nsus dks
vFkkczohæktiq=% lqxhz oa okuj"kZHke~AA
dgkA tc rd mls igys vkSj nwljs çek.k ugha fey x;s] og lUrq"V ugha gqvkA
ifj"oT; egkrstk Hkjrks /kÆe.kka oj%A fdUrq tgk¡ rd foHkh"k.k dk lEcU/k gS] mls jke dh egkurk] muds ijkØe vkSj
RoeLekda prq.kk± rq Hkzkrk lqxhz o i´pe%AA
muds uSfrd xq.kksa dk iwjk&iwjk Kku FkkA
lkSânkTtk;rs fe=eidkjks·fjy{k.ke~A VI.130.44-46
lqxhz o ds vfHk"ksd ds fy;s igys ls dqN rS;kjh djus dh vko';drk ugha
tSls gh /kekZRekvksa esa Js"B egkrstLoh jktdqekj Hkjr okujjkt lqxhz o ls
FkhA ckfy dk o/k rks mlh fnu gks x;k Fkk] ftl fnu ijh{kk iwjh gks xbZ Fkh] v|SoA
feys] mUgsa ân; ls yxkdj muls dgk] ßlqxhz o! rqe ge pkjksa Hkkb;ksa ds ik¡posa HkkbZ
lkjk ?kVukØe bruh rhozxfr ls ?kVk vkSj bruk vuisf{kr Fkk jke vkSj lqxhz o dh
gks] rqEgkjk bl ifjokj esa Lokxr gSA D;ksfa d Lusgiwod
Z midkj djus ls gh dksbZ Hkh
eS=h gqb]Z jke us vius ;q¼ dkS'ky dk çek.k fn;k] lqxhz o us vius HkkbZ dks ;q¼ ds
fe= curk gS] vkSj og fe= viuk HkkbZ gh gksrk gSA vidkj djuk 'k=q dk gh y{k.k
fy;s pqukSrh nh] Jh jke us vUrr% mldk o/k dj fn;k vkSj ,d LoHkkfod <ax ls
gSAÞ tc foHkh"k.k igq¡p]s Hkjr us cMÛs e`nq Loj esa lkURouk nsrs gq, muls dgk %
mldk vfHk"ksd lEiék gks x;kA dksbZ cMÛk ;q¼ ugha gqvk] tSlk fd jko.k ds lkFkA
foHkh"k.ka p Hkjr% lkURookD;eFkkczohr~AA igys rks lsrfq uekZ.k gksuk FkkA ;q¼ esa Hkh dbZ fnu yx x;sA jko.k dh lsuk dks
fn"V~;k Ro;k lgk;su Ñra deZ lqn"q dje~A VI.130.46,47 fNék&fHkék djus] u"V djus vkSj jko.k ds ifjokj] Hkkb;ksa iq=ksa vkSj eq[; lsukifr;ksa
ßjk{kljkt! cMÛs lkSHkkX; dh ckr gS fd vkidh lgk;rk ikdj Jh jke us dks fBdkus yxkus esa vkSj ;q¼ {ks= esa vfUre feVus okyk Fkk& Lo;a jko.kA tgk¡
vR;Ur nq"dj dk;Z lEiék fd;k gSAÞ rd foHkh"k.k dk lEcU/k gS] mlds fy;s cMÛk dkykUrjky Fkk vkSj dkQÛh le; rd
brus gh 'kCnksa esa foHkh"k.k dk vfHkoknu lekIr gks x;kA bl çdkj bu nks * muds uke VI.37.7 esa fn;s x;s gSa %
O;fDr;ksa esa oS"kE; Li"V gks tkrk gSA lqxhz o us vuqcU/k dk viuk oknk iwjk djus ds vuy% 'kjHk'pSo laikfr% ç/klLrFkkA
fy, ,d 'kfDr'kkyh okfguh eSnku esa [kMÛh dj nhA og 'kfDr'kkyh vius c`gr~ xRok y³~dka eekekR;k% iqjha iqufjgkxrk%AA

vfu'p; vkSj vk'kadk dh fLFkfr cuh jghA bruh yEch vof/k rd foHkh"k.k dks Jh ,d ckr vkSj foHkh"k.k ds lEcU/k esa gS] tks eSa crkuk pkgrk gw¡ fd tc jke
jke us mlls dgk] ßeSa rqe ls ;g iDdk oknk djrk gw¡A fu'p; gh gekjs lkeus dks foHkh"k.k dh çkFkZuk dh lwpuk feyh Fkh fd og 'kj.kkFkhZ ds :i esa mifLFkr gqvk
vusd dfBukb;k¡ gS]a ijUrq ,slk er lkspks fd bl dkj.k eSa viuk oknk iwjk u dj gS vkSj muds fny esa ços'k pkgrk gS] ,slk çrhr gksrk gS fd ml le; os mlds
ldw¡xkA le; rks dkQÛh yx ldrk gS] cMÛs ladVksa dk lkeuk djuk gksxk] blls iwoZ fo"k; esa loZFkk vufHkK FksA fdUrq ewyikB esa dbZ LFkkuksa ij ,sls mYys[k gS]a ftuls
fd rqe jktk cuksA fQj Hkh ;g crkus ds fy;s fd bl fo"k; esa eSa xEHkhj gw¡] bl ladrs feyrk gS fd os furkUr vufHkK Hkh u Fks] ;|fi rRdky bl lUnHkZ esa dqN
le; rks eSa ;g lkadfs rd vfHk"ksd dj jgk gw¡A tSls gh rqEgkjk HkkbZ lekIr gks ugha dgk x;kA mnkgkj.kkFkZ] vj.; dkaM (III.17-24) esa tc Jh jke 'kwi.Z k[kk ls
tk;sxk] bldks okLrfod vfHk"ksd esa cny nw¡xkAÞ mldk ifjp; iwNrs gSa] og crkrh gS] ßeSa rhu Hkkb;ksa dh cgu gw¡A ,d gS
tgk¡ rd lqxhz o dh ckr gS] ogk¡ okns ds Hkjksls jgus dh dksbZ vko';drk ugha fo'ofotsrk egku yadk ujs'k jko.k] nwljk gS egkcyh dqEHkd.kZ]Þ vkSj rRi'pkr~
FkhA oknk fd;k x;k vkSj rqjUr mldh iw£r Hkh dj nh xbZ! eSa le>rk gw¡ fd bruh og rhljs HkkbZ] foHkh"k.k dk mYys[k bl çdkj djrh gS] ßijUrq os /kekZRek gS]a os
gh ckr Li"V djus ds fy, i;kZIr gS fd ,d dk lkadfs rd vfHk"ksd fd;k x;k vkSj yksd/keZ dk ikyu djrs gSa vkSj jk{klksa ds vkpkj&fopkj dk ikyu dHkh ugha
nwljs dk ughaA djrsAÞ Lo;a 'kwi.Z k[kk foHkh"k.k dh lk/kqrk dh xokgh nsrh gSA bl çdkj Jh jke
;g Hkh ns[kus dh ckr gS fd Lo;a vfHk"ksd dh Hkwfedk D;k jgh\ tgk¡ rd foHkh"k.k ds fo"k; esa loZFkk vufHkK ugha gksxa As nwljk lUnHkZ gS] lqUnj dkaM (V.37.9)
lqxhz o dk lEcU/k gS] mldh jke ds çfr lc lgk;rk lsok,¡ vFkkZr mlds vkSj jke dk tc lhrk guqeku ls jko.k vkSj mldh gB/kehZ ds fo"k; esa okrkZyki djrh gS]
ds vkilh le>kSrs ds vuqlkj] mlds dÙkZO;ksa dh iw£r vfHk"ksd ds i'pkr~ gh gqbAZ og dgrh gS] ßeq>s foHkh"k.k dh T;s"B iq=h] dyk us] ftls mldh ekrk us xksiuh;
tkudh dh [kkst Hkh rRi'pkr~ gh vkjEHk gqbAZ ijUrq foHkh"k.k ds fo"k; esa vfHk"ksd okrkZ ds fy;s esjs ikl Hkstk Fkk] crk;k fd lquk x;k gS fd jko.k us ,d ckj ,d
ds ckn djus ds fy, dqN 'ks"k ugha cpk FkkA cMÛs T;ksfr"kh ls] tks fd f=dkyK vkSj o;kso`¼ gS vkSj ftudh Hkfo";ok.kh çk;%
bl oS"kE; ls lEcfU/kr ,d ckr vkSj gS] tks f'k{kkçn gSA tgk¡ eSua s bruk lp fudyrh gS] ijke'kZ fy;k FkkA mlus crk;k] ;g lhrk rqEgkjs fy, Hk;adj Hkkj
dqN dgk] ftlls ,slk yxs fd lqxhz o dk LFkku foHkh"k.k ls dgha Å¡pk FkkA eSa bl fl¼ gksus tk jgh gS] mls ykSVk dj Jh jke ls lfU/k dj yksA jko.k us bu fgrdkjh
lUnHkZ dks lekIr bl fVIi.kh ls djrk gw¡] tks esjs fopkj esa çpqj ek=k esa ;FkkrF; opuksa ij /;ku ugha fn;kA nq"VHkkouk ls çsfjr mldk ân; vHkh rd esjs ihNs iMÛk
gSA gks ldrk gS fd çfr"Bk vkSj egRo dh n`f"V ls lqxhz o dk Lrj dqN Å¡pk Fkk gSAÞ ge dYiuk dj ldrs gSa fd bl ckr dh guqeku us jke dks lwpuk vo'; nh
vkSj jke ds led{k ekuk tkrk FkkA ;|fi tSlk fd vkidks Lej.k gksxk] og Lo;a gksxhA blds vfrfjDr vkidks Lej.k gksxk] blh lqUnj dkaM esa vkxs (V.52.2) ml
dks jke dk ,d vius ^nkl* gh dgrk FkkA* og dgrk gS] ßjke rks esjs lkFk ,sls n`'; es]a tcfd guqeku jko.k ds le{k çLrqr fd;s tkrs gSa vkSj jko.k] muds }kjk
O;ogkj djrs gS]a ekuks eSa mudk l[kk gw¡A ijUrq eSa dsoy mudk nkl gw¡AÞ blls ;gh yadk uxjh ds fo/oal ds çfrfØ;kvksa ds dkj.k] muds nq"deks± ls Øks/kkfo"V gksdj
irk yxrk gS fd lqxhz o esa ,d e;kZfnr 'kkyhurk dh Hkkouk fo|eku FkhA tgk¡ rd vius vuqpjksa dks ml okuj dks ekjus dk vkns'k nsrk gSA oSls rks guqeku dks ekjuk
foHkh"k.k dk lEcU/k gS] dnkfpr~~ mldk LFkku lqxhz o ds cjkcj u Hkh jgk gks] ijUrq fdls ds fy;s lEHko u Fkk] ijUrq ,slk vkns'k yadkifr }kjk fn;k x;kA ml le;
ç;qDr Hkk"kk vkSj muds ikjLifjd lEcU/kksa ds vk/kkj ij eq>s iwjk fo'okl gS fd foHkh"k.k us bldk ?kksj fojks/k fd;k] ;g dg dj fd ,slk djuk mfpr u gksxkA
lqxhz o dh rqyuk esa foHkh"k.k v;ks/;k cU/kqvksa dk vf/kd çseik= vkSj fo'okl ik= Þ,d jktk vU; jktk }kjk Hksts x, nwr dk o/k ugha djrk gSA blesa lUnsg ugha fd
FkkA vkxs pydj mÙkj dkaM esa gh bldk mYys[k feyrk gS fd jke ds lalxZ ls mls mlus cMÛk vijk/k fd;k gSA fu'p; gh blus Øks/k dks HkMÛdk;k gSA nwr ds fy,
,d vlkekU; vuks[kk iqjLdkj çkIr gqvkµ og ,d loZlk£od ^fpjathoh* gks x;kA vU; çdkj ds cgqr ls naM gS]a tSls vax&Hkax dj nsuk vkfnA ijUrq] e`R;qnMa mfpr
fgUnqvksa esa ekU;rk gS fd foHkh"k.k Hkh egku fpjathfo;ksa esa ls ,d gS (*fpjathoh^ naM ughaA ,slk djus ls mPpoxZ esa vkidh eku&çfr"Bk ?kVsxh] tgk¡ vkidh dh£r
fo'ks"k :i ls vkB nsoRo O;fDr;ks]a ½f"k;ksa ds fo'ks"k.k gS]a tks vej le>s tkrs gSa % vkSj uke gSAß bl ckr rks jko.k lq>ko eku ysrk gS vkSj dgrk gS] ßvPNh ckr]
v'oRFkkek] Ïikpk;Z] ij'kqjke] cfy] ekdZ.Ms;] foHkh"k.k] O;kl vkSj guqeku)A tSlk rqe dgrs gks naM ds vU; fodYi Hkh esjs ikl gSAa eSa vijk/kh ds fy, dksbZ
vU; mfpr naM lksprk gw¡A okujksa dks viuh iw¡N cMÛh I;kjh gksrh gS] ogh budk
* nsf[k, VI.40.10 v-14, i`-238. vkHkw"k.k gSA vr% 'kh?kzkfr'kh?kz bldh iw¡N esa vkx yxkdj bl iwjs uxj esa ?kqek;k

tk;sA tyh iw¡N ysdj ;g ;gk¡ ls tk;s] ftlls blds dqVEq ch tu bldh ghu bl Hkkouk ls vksrçksr gSa fd ns'kçse loksZPp ln~xq.k gS vkSj ;g fd vius
voLFkk dks ns[k ldsAa Þ vkxs D;k gqvk] og rks vki Hkyh Hkk¡fr tkurs gh gSAa ;g ukrs&fj'rsnkjksa ds çfr fu"Bk loksiZ fj uSfrdrk gSA pkgs /keZ dh ije vko';drk,¡
,d vkSj ckr gS] ftldks dnkfpr~~ guqeku Hkyk u lds gksxa As tc foHkh"k.k vius Hkh ladV esa D;ksa u gks]a fQj Hkh vkidks /keZ dh vis{kk vius ns'k çse dk gh pquko
pkj vuqpjksa ds lkFk vkdk'k esa çdV gksrk gS vkSj viuk ifjp; nsdj uhps [kMÛs djuk Js; gSA bl fl¼kUr dk bUæftr cMÛh mi;qDr Hkk"kk esa çfriknu djrk gS]
okujksa ls dgrk gS] ßJh jke ds ikl tkdj esjs vkxeu dh lwpuk nks vkSj dgks ftldks vki ljkgs fcuk ugha jg ldrsA bUæftr fo'ks"k :i ls foHkh"k.k ls ?k`.kk
'kj.kkFkhZ foHkh"k.k vkidh lsok esa mifLFkr gqvk gSAÞ eSa ;g lekpkj ikdj Jh jke djrk gS D;ksfa d og ,d ^/kekZRek* gSA
vius çeq[k O;fDr;ksa ls ijke'kZ djrs gSaµ y{e.k] tkEcoku] guqeku] lqxzho lÙosu oh;s.Z k ijkØes.k 'kkS;.Zs k /kS;.Zs k p rstlk pA
vkfn lsA y{e.k lfgr lqxhz o us Jh jke }kjk foHkh"k.k dks viukus mdk dMÛk ,d% dqy·s fLeu~ iq:"kks foeqDrks foHkh"k.kLrkr dfu"B ,"k%AA
fojks/k fd;kA guqeku gh vdsys ,sls O;fDr Fks] ftUgksua s foHkh"k.k dks Lohdkj djus ,sjkorks foLojeqénu l fuikfrrks Hkwferys e;k rqA
ds fy;s viuk er O;Dr fd;kA ijUrq vk'p;Z dh ckr rks ;g Fkh fd rRle; foÑ"; nUrkS rq e;k çlá fo=kflrk nsox.kk% lexzk%AA
guqeku Hkh bldk mYys[k djuk Hkwy tkrs gSa fd fdl çdkj tc os yadk esa Fks] lks·ga lqj.kkefi niZgUrk nSR;ksÙkekukefi 'kksdnkrkA
foHkh"k.k us lpeqp mudh lgk;rk dh Fkh] vkSj foHkh"k.k ds gh dkj.k mudh tku dFka ujsUækRet;ksuZ 'kDrks euq";;ks% çkÑR;ks% lqoh;Z%AA VI.15.36.7
cp xbZ Fkh] vkSj yadk ds vf/kdka'k Hkkx dks HkLelkr djus dk lqvolj muds ßfirk th! vkids NksVs HkkbZ dSls gS]a ftuesa ifjokj ds egku xq.kksa esa ,d Hkh
gkFk esa vk x;k FkkA lEHko gS fd bl ckr dk mYys[k mUgksua s fd;k gksA 'kk;n os ugha gSA gekjs bl jk{kl dqy esa NksVs pkpk] foHkh"k.k gh ,d ,sls gSa cy] oh;Z]
,slk dj Hkh pqds FksA* ijUrq] fuf'pr :i ls volj mlds mYys[k djus dk Fkk] ijkØe /kS;]Z 'kkS;Z vkSj rst ls jfgr gSAa ,d eq>s nsf[k,! eSua s cyiwod Z ,sjkor gkFkh
tcfd foHkh"k.k ds Lohdkj djus ds lEcU/k esa rdZ&fordZ gks jgs FksA ,slk çrhr ds Hkh nksuksa nk¡r m[kkMÛ dj] mls LoxZ ls i`Foh ij fxjk fn;k FkkA ml le; og
ugha gksrk fd guqeku us Jh jke dk /;ku bl vksj fnyk;k gks vFkok Jh jke dks TÛkksj&TÛkksj ls fpa?kk<Û jgk FkkA rRi'pkr~ eSua s mu nk¡rksa dk ç;ksx nsorkvksa ij fd;k
Lohdkj djus ds i{k ds rdks± dk Lej.k gqvk gksA tc eSa guqeku ij vkÅ¡xk] eSa vkSj os Hkkx x,A vius bl ijkØe }kjk leLr nsorkx.k dks vkrad esa Mky fn;k
fQj bl çlax dk mYys[k d:¡xk] tks fd mu rhu ;k pkj voljksa esa bl rdZ dk FkkA ,d vksj eSa vkSj nwljh vksj esjs pkpk] foHkh"k.k! ogh] tks nsorkvksa rd dk
Hkh Lej.k gS] tc guqeku dh Lej.k 'kfDr us mUgsa /kks[kk ns fn;k Fkk] ,slk çrhr nyu dj ldrk gS] cMÛs cMsÛ nSR;ksa dks Hkh 'kksdeXu djus okyk gS rFkk tks
gksrk gSA ½f"k;ksa ds chp viuh cky piyrk ds dkj.k guqeku dks ;g 'kki feyk cy&ijkØe lEiék gS] eq> tSlk ohj euq"; tkfr ds nks lk/kkj.k jktdqekjksa dk
Fkk fd os vius ijkØe vkSj egkurk dks furkUr Hkwy tk;sxa ]s tc rd dksbZ mUgsa lkeuk dSls ugha dj ldrk gS\Þ
fujUrj mldk Lej.k djkrk u jgsxkA bl lUnHkZ esa eSa ;g er O;Dr djuk vius ls cqTÛkÛxq Z vkSj pkpk ds çfr ,d Nksdjs }kjk dgs x;s bu opuksa ls dqN
pkgrk gw¡ fd ^'kki* 'kCn dk vFkZ dqN O;kid jgk gksxkA 'kki 'kCn esa u dsoy ;g vçlék gksdj] foHkh"k.k Hkh dBksjok.kh esa mÙkj nsrs gSa %
fufgr Fkk fd mudks vius cy dh foLe`fr jgsxh] vfirq ;g Hkh rkRi;Z Fkk fd os
u rkr eU=s ro fu'p;ks·fLr ckyLRoe|kI;foiDocqf)%A
vR;ko';d ckrsa Hkh Hkwy tk;sax]s tcfd mudh vko';drk gksxhA ;gh guqeku
rLekÙo;k ákRefouk'kk; opks·FkZghua cgq foçyIre~AA
ppkZ djrs le; eSa fn[kkus dk ç;kl d:¡xk fd rkRi;Z ;gh jgk gksxkA
Roeso o/;'p lqneZfr'p l pkfi o/;ks ; bgku;Ùoke~A
foHkh"k.k ds lEcU/k esa ;g Hkh mYys[k djuk vko';d gS fd jke ds f'kfoj
ckya n`<a lkgflda p ;ks·| çkos'k;UeU=Ñrka lehie~AA
esa bl ckr dh ljkguk dh tkrh Fkh fd eukso`fÙk ls og ,d /kekZRek Fkk] u fd
/kukfu jRukfu foHkw"k.kkfu oklkafl fnO;kfu e.kha'p fp=ku~A
jk{kl] ijUrq ,slk yxrk gS fd mlesa vkSj bUæftr ds chp ?kksj fo}s"k FkkA
lhrka p jkek; fuos| nsoha olse jktfég ohr'kksdk%AA VI.15.9.11.14
^jkek;.k* ds nks ifjPNsnksa esa os ,d nwljs ds çfr cMÛh dVq Hkk"kk dk ç;ksx djrs gSAa
ßrkr! vHkh rqe ckyd gks] rqEgkjh cqf¼ vifjiDo gSA rqEgkjs eu esa dÙkZO;
bUæftr dh Hkk"kk i<Ûrs le; vkidks ,slk yxsxk] ekuks vki vktdy ds jktuhfrd
vdÙkZO; dk ;FkkFkZ fu'p; ugha gSA blhfy, rqe vius fouk'k ds fy;s cgqr lh
{ks= ds yksxksa esa ls fdlh ,d dks lqu jgs gks]a ftudk o.kZu eSua s igys fd;k Fkk] tks
fujFkZd ckrsa dj jgs gks] ifj.kke dks fcuk lksp&s le>sA rqEgkjh cqf¼ cgqr NksVh gSA
* nsf[k, v-12, i`-164-168.

rqEgsa ;gk¡ D;ksa yk;k x;k gS] tgk¡ o;kso`¼ O;fDr fopkj fofue; dj jgs gS]a ;g psrkouh vulquh jg tkrh gSAÞ rc og ogk¡ ls pyk tkrk gS vkSj vkdk'k esa gh
,d xÛyrh gSA rqe ifj.kke dks lksp&s le>s fcuk vusd fujFkZd ckrsa dg ldrs fLFkr jgdj vkSj viuk ifjp; nsdj] mu okujksa ls] tks Jh jke ds vkl&ikl
gksA Ïi;k TÛkjk lkspks] le>ksAÞ mifLFkr Fks] dgrk gS] ßeSa foHkh"k.k Jh jke dh 'kj.k ysus vk;k gw¡A viuh iRuh vkSj
fQj jko.k dh vksj mUeq[k gksdj dgrs gSa] ß;fn rqe yadk esa fuf'par] cPpksa dks Hkh ogha NksMÛ vk;k gw¡A eSa ;gk¡ bl dkj.k vk;k gw¡ D;ksfa d esjs HkkbZ jko.k us
fujik;] llEeku vkSj lqjf{kr jguk pkgrs gks] rks tkvks jke ds pj.kkfoUn ij dVqopu cksydj esjh HkRlZuk dh vkSj frjLdkj dj ,d lsod dh Hkkafr O;ogkj
iMÛks vkSj lhrk dks okil dj cgqeYw ; inkFkZ HksVa Lo:i nksA vU;Fkk ge lcds fy, djus /k`"Vrk dhAÞ ;g rks vki tkurs gh gSa fd mlds ckn lqxhz o gqueku vkfn
egku ladV mifLFkr gSAÞ jko.k çR;qÙkj esa tks dgrk gS] os 'kCn lkfgR; esa [;kr okujksa ds lkFk ea=.kk dh vkSj fQj mlus tkdj Jh jke dks lwfpr fd;kA mlds
gSa % ckn vkSj tks ea=.kk ikjLifjd gqbAZ mlds vUr esa Jh jke dgrs gS]a ßeSua s vius
lEiw.kZ oSHkoksa dk ifjR;kx] yadk dk R;kx] vkSj viuh lEifÙk vkSj ifjokj dk Hkh
olsRlg liRusu Øq)u s k'khfo"ks.k okA
u rq fe=çoknsu laolsPN=qlsfoukAA
R;kx dj fn;k gSA eSa rks iw.kZr% vkidk gw¡] lewpk vkidk gw¡AÞ fQj jke 'kiFkiwod Z
dgrs gSa %
tkukfe 'khya Kkrhuka loZyksd"s kq jk{kl%A
â";fUr O;lus"osrs Kkrhuka Kkr;% lnkAA vga gRok n'kxzhoa lçgLra lgkuqte~A
fuR;eU;ksU;laâ"Vk O;lus"okrrkf;u%A jktkua Roka dfj";kfe lR;esrn~ czohfe rsAA
çPNéân;k ?kksjk Kkr;Lrq Hk;kogk%AA VI.16.2.3.5 vgRok jko.ka la[;s liq=cyckU/koe~A
ßHkkbZ foHkh"k.k] rqe esjs Kkfr vFkkZr~ ,d gh xks= ds O;fDr gks] ,d nk;kn v;ks/;ka u ços{;kfe f=fHkLrSHkzkr Z f` Hk% 'kisAA VI.19.19,21
Hkh gksA ,d nk;kn loZnk vfo'oluh; gksrk gSA og vkarfjd :i ls bZ";kZ] vlw;k ßleLr mifLFkrtu dks lEcksf/kr dj eSa opu nsrk gw¡ fd çgLr vkSj mlds
vkSj oSjHkko dk ewÙkZ :i gSA 'k=qor~ iMÛkl s h vkSj dqfir fo"k/kj liZ ds lkFk jguk vU; eaf=;ksa rFkk iq=ksa ds lfgr jko.k dk o/k djds eSa rqEgsa yadk dk jktk
iMÛs rks jg ysA ijUrq tks fe= dgykdj Hkh 'k=q dh lsok dj jgk gks] mlds lkFk cukÅ¡xkA eSa vius rhu rhuksa Hkkb;ksa dh lkSxU/k [kkdj ;g dgrk gw¡ (,slk çrhr
dnkfi ughaA ;fn vki l;kus gS]a rks Kkfr ds lkFk ugha jgs]a D;ksfa d Kkfr ckr rks gksrk gS fd mu fnuksa vfHktkr oxZ esa bl çdkj dh 'kiFk ysuk cgqr mPp O;fDrRo
djrk gS] ehBh&ehBhA ijUrq mldk ân; 'k=q ds lkFk jgrk gSA oLrqr% og 'k=q dk dh ckr Fkh] ekuks mPp O;fDrRo dh ,d fu'kkuh) fd ;q¼ esa iq= vkSj ckU/koksa
gh fe= gksrk gSA gs jk{kl! lEiw.kZ yksdksa esa Kkfr;ksa vFkkZr~ ltkrh; cU/kqvksa dk tks lfgr jko.k dk o/k fd, vkSj rqEgs jktk cuk;s fcuk] eSa v;ks/;kiqjh esa ços'k ugha
LoHkko gksrk gS] mls eSa Hkyh Hkkafr tkurk gw¡A vkinkvksa esa gh Kkrh g"kZ ekurs gSAa d:¡xkAÞ
Kkfrvksa dk dHkh fo'okl ugha djuk pkfg;sA os cMÛs vkrrk;h gksrs gSAa muls lnk dqy vkxs pydj ge ,d Lej.kh; m¼j.k ij vkrs gS]a ftlesa bUæftr
fdlh u fdlh ladV dh vk'kadk jgrh gSA viuk HkuksHkko fNik;s jgrs gS]a }s"k;qDr vkSj foHkh"k.k dh ,d egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk gSA eSa bl çlax ij dqN le; yxkÅ¡xk
ân; ls vUnj gh vUnj eqLdjkrs jgrs gSAa vr,o Øwj vkSj Hk;adj gksrs gSAa Þ D;ksfa d ;g bl egkdkO; ds vR;Ur jkspd va'kksa esa gS]a tks fd vR;Ur HkkokRed]
vR;Ur dkS'ky;qDr o.kZu ds m¼j.kksa vkSj mPpdksfV dh dkO;kRed dYiuk ls
dbZ 'yksdksa ds ckn] ftudk vUr ^rFkkuk;s"Z kq lkSâne~* esa gksrk gS (VI.16.11-
Hkjiwj gSA tc bUæftr nksuksa Hkkb;ksa vkSj okuj lsuk dk lkeuk djus ds fy;s
14)] jko.k ;g dgrs gq, foHkh"k.k dk ifjR;kx dj nsrk gS] ß;fn fdlh vU; O;fDr
j.k{ks= esa ços'k djrk gS] og vius çkf;d ek;koh dkS'ky dk ç;ksx djuk ugha
us eq>ls ,slk dgk gksrk] rks rqjUr gh eSua s mls lekIr dj fn;k gksrkA fdUrq]
HkwyrkA ;gk¡ mls likZdkj ck.kksa ds ç;ksx dh ;qfDr lw>hA bu ToyUr vkSj
D;ksfa d rqe esjs HkkbZ gks] ;|fi ifjokj ds 'k=q gks] eSa rqEgkjk ek= ifjR;kx djrk gw¡A
/kqvk¡ NksMÛrs gq, ck.kksa us nksuksa Hkkb;ksa ds 'kjhjksa ij vk?kkr fd;s] vkSj muds 'kjhjksa
rqe dky ds o'khHkwr gks vkSj mlls cp ugha ldrsA blhfy, esjh psrkouh vkSj
ij ,d vaxy q Hkj Hkh fjDr LFkku 'ks"k u cpkA bu fouk'kdkjh likZdkj ck.kksa dk
lqj{kk ds çfr opuksa dks ugha lqursA rqEgkjk dY;k.k gksA çlék jgks esjs fcuk] ;fn
çHkko bruk gkfudkjd Fkk fd lc lkspus yxs fd mudk thou lekIr gks x;k
jg ldrs gksA ;s esjs 'kCn nq"deks± ds çfrdwy psrkouh rqEgkjs ân; rd u igq¡pxs hA
vkSj f'kfoj esa [kycyh gks xbZa muds cMÛ&s cMÛs 'kfDr'kkyh okuj Hkh u dqN dj lds
lko/kku jguk] ;g lalkj dh xfr gSA tc euq"; dkyo'k gksrk gS] rks fe=ksa dh
vkSj u gh dqN lksp ldsA fdUrq foHkh"k.k esa fo'ks"k çfrHkk Fkh fd og vn`'; gq,

bUæftr dks ns[k ldrk Fkk] tcfd vU; dksbZ mls ns[kus esa vleFkZ Fks& lqxhz o us jke&y{e.k dks ekj Mkyk vkSj fQj iq"id foeku ij p<Ûkdj] mls j.kHkwfe esa ys
Hkh] tSls fd vU; okujA ijUrq foHkh"k.k dks bl ckr dk Kku Fkk fd os ck.k ?kkrd tkdj ekjs x, mu cU/kqvksa dks fn[kk ns]a ftuls og eqfDr dh vk'kk yxk;s cSBh
ugha gSAa os ewPNkZ mRiék dj ldrs Fks] ijUrq mu Hkkb;ksa dk thou lekIr ugha dj FkhA rc og iw.kZr;k fujk'k gksdj Lo;a gh mldh lsok esa mifLFkr gks tk;sxhA
ldrs FksA foHkh"k.k lcdks lkURouk nsrk gS] fo'ks"kdj lqxhz o dks] tks lcls vf/kd rRdky iq"id foeku ij lhrk dks p<Ûkdj f=tVk mUgsa j.k{ks= ij ys vkb±A ogk¡
lUrIr FkkA ßlqxhz o] n%q[kh er gksvks] ;q¼ esa ,slk gksuk vLokHkkfod ugha gSA dHkh dk n`'; ns[kdj lhrk d#.kktud Loj esa foyki djus yxha] fdUrq f=tVk us
rqe thrrs gks] rks dHkh nwljk i{k thr tkrk gSA bl le; bUæftr ds i{k Hkkjh gSA mUgsa lkURouk nh] ßnsfo! fo"kkn u djks] buds eq[kksa ij n`f"Vikr djksA bu nksuksa ds
;s ck.k çk.kysok ugha gSA gekjs fç;tu 'kh?kz gh bl ewPNkZ ls eqDr gks tk;sxa As okuj eq[kksa dh 'kksHkh T;ksa dh R;ksa cuh gqbZ gS] os 'ko tSls ugha yxrsA os ejus okys ugha gSAa Þ
jkt! rqe vius dks vkSj eq> dks cnukeh ls cpkvksAÞ bl çdkj foHkh"k.k vius ijUrq] Lo;a okuj Hkh bl lEcU/k esa lUrq"V ugha Fks vkSj os #nu djus yxs FksA
lkfFk;ksa dk <kMÛl ca/kkrk gSA ßvki yksxksa us vkSj eSua s bl ;q¼ esa U;k; laxr i{k blh chp jke] ukxik'k esa c¡/ks gksus ij Hkh vius 'kkjhfjd cy vkSj 'kfDreÙkk ds
pquk gS] tgk¡ /keZ fo|eku gSA gekjh {kfr dSlh nq%[k vkSj d"V dk laxr i{k pquk dkj.k] igys ewPNkZ ls tkx mBrs gSa vkSj vius lkeus y{e.k dks jDr ls yFkiFk
gSA gekjh O;kdqyrk vkSj v'kkfUr dk dkj.k gS] vkf/kD;] dsoy bu Hkkb;ksa ds çfr /kjk'kk;h ns[k vkrqj gksdj foyki djus yxrs gSAa jke ij ppkZ djrs le; eSa igys
vk'kadk dk vuqjfDrA vkSj] vuqjkx dk Hkh vfrjsd gks ldrk gSA blh dkj.k bl Hkh bl çlax dk mYys[k dj pqdk gw¡A* rc os cMÛs grksRlkfgr vkSj fujk'k gksdj
le; tks djuk gS] og djus ds ctk;] vki yksx grksRlkfgr vkSj fujk'k gks jgs gSAa vius lgk;d fe=ksa lqxhz o vkfn ls dgrs gS]a ßlqxhz o! rqeus esjs çfr fu"Bkiwod Z
eq¡g yVdk;s gq, gS]a #nu dj jgs gSa vkSj gkFk ij gkFk /kjs cSBs gSAa ,sls le; esa vius dÙkZO; dks fuHkk;kA rqe l[kkvksa ds jktk gks] rqe ls vkSj bu okuj f'kjksef.k;ksa
vf/kd Lusg dk çn'kZu Hkh e`R;q dk dkj.k cu ldrk gSAÞ ;g /kkj.kk fd fdlh Hkh ls eq>s lc çdkj dh lgk;rk vkSj lg;ksx feykA vc eSa vkKk nsrk gw¡] rqe lc
phTÛk dh ^vfr* ?kkrd fl¼ gks ldrh gS] laLÏr dkO;ksa esa vke gSA mnkgj.kkFkZ tgk¡ bPNk gks] pys tkvksA y{e.k vkt esjs gh dkj.k bl voLFkk ij igq¡p x;sA
^vfrLusg%iki'kadh* ['kdqUryk IV. 19-20]A vj.; dkaM esa tc jke dks lkURouk y{e.k ;fn thfor u jgs] rks eSa Hkh vius çk.kksa dk ifjR;kx dj nw¡xkA vc eq>s
nsuk vko';d gks x;k Fkk] y{e.k jke ls dgrs gS]a ßbl vo'kks"kd vklfDr ds thfor jgus esa dksbZ mRlkg ugha gSAÞ nsf[k,] jke us Lo;a dks fdl voLFkk esa
dkj.k VwV er tkukA ,d cÙkh ikuh esa Hkhx xbZ gSA ;fn ,slh cÙkh Hkh ,slh txg ifj.kr dj fn;k Fkk! bl le;] tcfd lkjk okrkoj.k fo"kkn;qDr gks x;k gS vkSj
ykbZ tk;s] tgk¡ [Ûkcw rsy gks] rks og Hkh rsy lks[k dj tyus yxsxh vkSj iwjh ty dksbZ viuk flj Hkh Åij mBk ugha ik jgk gS] ml Hk;adj fo"kkn ls] tks mlus mRiék
tk;sxhA blh çdkj ;fn vkidk ân; ç'kkUr Hkh gks vkSj mlesa vR;f/kd Lusg dh fd;k gS] dfo Lo;a mRihfMÛr gks tkrk gSA bl rukoiw.kZ Hkkouk dks gYdk djus gsrq
Hkkouk Hkj tk;s] rks bl dkj.k vR;f/kd gkfu gks tk;sxhAÞ blh çdkj dh lkUrouk og ,d NksVh lh ?kVuk ;gk¡ tksMÛ nsrk gSA vki lc dks ;g fofnr gksxk fd fdl
foHkh"k.k us lqxhz o dks nh] tc bUæftr ds 'kfDr'kkyh ck.kksa us nksuksa Hkkb;ksa dks çdkj d#.kkdkO; esa çk;% ,sls çlax çk;% ik;s tkrs gSAa ml {k.k ogk¡ ços'k fd;k]
dsoy ew£PNr gh fd;k Fkk] ijUrq çk.kghu ughaA ,d <¡ih] fofp=] dkys dks;ys dh jkf'k ds leku vkÏfr usA ,slk çrhr gqvk fd
rRi'pkr~ ,d vR;Ur vçR;kf'kr n`'; ?kfVr gqvkA tc bUæftr ykSVdj og O;fDr fdlh vko';d dk;Z ds fy, vk;k gS vkSj fcuk eqMÛ]s yid dj og
firk ds ikl igq¡pk] mlus crk;k fd fdl çdkj nksuksa Hkkb;ksa dks /kjk'kk;h dj lh/kk ml vksj x;k] ftl vksj nksuksa HkkbZ iMÛs FksA lcdks yxk fd og Lo;a bUæftr
fn;k Fkk] ftlls 'k=q dh leLr lsuk lsuk LrfEHkr gks xbZ vkSj nksuksa e`R;q dks çkIr gS] ftlus bruh rckgh epkbZ Fkh vkSj og nksuksa Hkkb;ksa dks lekIr djus ds bjkns ls
gks x,A bl ckr dks lqudj jko.k dk ân; g"kkZfrjsd ls f[ky mBkA blh ds ln`'k ogk¡ vk;kA lc okuj feydj bl bUæftr ij VwVus ds ctk;] b/kj&m/kj Hkkxus
nwljh vksj mnklh vkSj fo"kkn Nk x;k] fujk'kkiw.kZ lq>ko lqukbZ nsus yxsA ml yxs vkSj ekuks ,der gksdj ml LFkku ls iyk;u dj x,A rc lqxzho us
le; jko.k ds eu esa fopkj vk;k fd ,slh fLFkfr dk i;kZIr ykHk mBk;k tk;sA ml /;kuiwod Z ml dkyh vkÏfr dks ns[kk] rks ik;k] og foHkh"k.k Fks] ftUgksua s fot;lwpd
{k.k dk mi;ksx lhrk dks ;FkklEHko vfr O;fFkr fd;k tk;s] ftlls os vius ifr vk'khokZn nsdj lqxhz o rFkk Jh jke dh vH;qn; dkeuk dhA rc ½{kjkt tkEcoku
}kjk m¼kj dh vk'kk iw.kZr;k NksMÛ ns] vkSj nwljk vkJ; u ns[kdj] cMÛh lqxerk us Hkkxrs gq, okujksa dks ykSVkdj lkURouk nhA foHkh"k.k dk lk{kkRdkj djds] mUgksua s
ls mldh ;kstuk dk f'kdkj cu tk;sA vr,o] lhrk dh j{kk djus okyh jk{kfl;ksa Hk; dk R;kx fd;kA os lc iqu% ykSV vk,A Jh jke vkSj y{e.k dh n'kk ns[kdj
dks cqyok dj mlus vkns'k fn;k fd igys rks os lhrk ls tkdj dgsa fd bUæftr * nsf[k, v-3, i`-34.

foHkh"k.k cgqr nq%[kh gq,A eu gh eu og 'kksd ls ihfMÛr gksdj foyki djus yxs] gks x;k gS] bldk fopkj djksA tks gks x;k] lks gks x;kA dqEHkd.kZ! ;fn rqe egku
ßesjs bl dqfVy nqjkRek Hkrhts /kks[kk fd;kA esjh yadk ds jkT; ij çfrf"Br gksus gks] ;fn rqe 'kfDr'kkyh vkSj cyoku gks] rks vius ijkØe ls esjh vuhfr tfur
dh vk'kk ij ikuh fQj x;kA lcls cqjh ckr rks ;g gqbZ fd vc jko.k dh fot; xÛyrh dks lq/kkj nksA lPpk HkkbZ ogh gS] tks ladV ls xzLr HkkbZ dks cpkrk gSAÞ
fuf'pr gSA mlus viuh Nkrh Bksd a dj lhrk dks u ykSVkus dh çfrKk dh Fkh vkSj jko.k dks bl çdkj v/khj vkSj nk#.k opu cksyrs ns[kdj dqEHkd.kZ us mls
eq>ls dgk Fkk] *eSa jke vkSj y{e.k dk o/k djus okyk gw¡A^ mldh ;g çfrKk iwjh lkURouk nsrs gq, dgk] ßeSua s cU/kqRo Hkko vkSj Hkzkr`Lusg ds dkj.k rqEgkjs fgr dh
gks tk;sxhAÞ tSl&s tSls foHkh"k.k fujk'k esa Mwcus yxs] vc lqxhz o dh ckjh Fkh] mUgsa ogh ckr dgh Fkh] tks eq>s Bhd t¡ph FkhA vc rqe esjk ;q¼ esa ijkØe ns[kukA
lkURouk nsus dhA os ;g dg dj lkURouk nsrs gSAa ß;s nksuksa ejs ugha gSAa mUgsa rks vHkh vkt j.k{ks= esa esjs }kjk nksuksa Hkkb;ksa ds ekjs tkus ds i'pkr~ rqe ns[kksxs fd okuj
jko.k dks e`R;q ds ?kkV mrkjuk gSAÞ ijUrq lkURouk ds opu cksydj mudks Lo;a lsuk fdl rjg Hkkxh tk jgh gSAÞ dqEHkd.kZ bl çdkj pkj 'yksd cksyrk gSA
lUrqf"V ugha gqbAZ mUgksua s vius 'olqj ls dgk] ßgks'k vk tkus ij vki bu nksuksa dks nsf[k,] tx dÙkZO;ksa ds chp ,slk gh Vdjko lkeus vkrk Fkk vFkkZr~ ;g f}fo/kk fd
lkFk ysdj fdf"dU/kk pys tkb;s] eSa bl jko.k ds iq= vkSj cU/kq&cU/kqvksa dks ekj lc dÙkZO;ksa ds chp] tks lc ,d cjkcj fç; gS]a dkSu lk pquk tk;sA mu fnuksa ;g
dj vkSj lhrk dks eqDr dj ogk¡ ys vkÅ¡xkAÞ ;g lc dfo dh vksj ,d prqj pquko fHkék&fHkék O;fDr;ksa }kjk fHkék&fHkék çdkj ls fd;k tkrk FkkA eSa u rks
ç;qfDr gS] ;g crkus ds fy, fd fdl çdkj yksx vius eu esa lqfuf'pr ugha Fks] dqEHkd.kZ vkSj u gh çgLr dks nks"kh Bgjkrk gw¡ vkSj u gh egkHkkjr ds Hkh"e dksA
pdjk;s gq, FksA tc nks egku dÙkZO; ,d gh le; ân; dks çHkkfor djrs gS]a rc vki ,d ds i{k
dqN lxks± ds ckn ,d n`'; ?kfVr gksrk gS] tks çfl¼ gks x;k gSA ml çlax esa pquko djrs gS]a [Ûkcw lksp&fopkj ds i'pkr] u gh mrkoyh esa ;k iyHkj esAa
ds dqN egRoiw.kZ va'kksa dks eSa vkids le{k çLrqr d:¡xk] tgk¡ foHkh"k.k ,d D;ksfa d ge lc dh eukso`fÙk;k¡ fHkék&fHkék gS]a vkSj fHkék&fHkék çf'k{k.k ls gekjh
ç'kaluh; Hkwfedk vnk djrk gSA dqEHkd.kZ vkSj lsukifr çgLr& nksuksa gh jko.k dh i`"BHkwfe cuh gS]a ,d i{k dks nwljs i{k ds yksxksa dh fuUnk] ns'kæksgh vFkok dk;j
vuSfrd dkeukvksa ds fo#¼ Fks vkSj nksuksa gh lhrk vigj.k dks mfpr ugha ekurs dg dj ugha djuh pkfg,A gekjs egkiq#"kksa us ,slk gh joS;k viuk;k gSA nksuksa gh
FksA mudk ijke'kZ jke dh 'kj.kkxfr vkSj lhrk dks ykSVkus dk FkkA fdUrq çgLr i{k Li"Vr;k lEekU; ;ksX; gSAa ,d {k.k ds fy, TÛkjk ns[ks]a j.k{ks= esa vçfre
dgrk gS] ßtc vkius gesa bl le; cqyk;k gS] gekjh jk; iwNus ds fy,] rks ge dkjukeksa ds i'pkr~ tc dqEHkd.kZ jke ds gkFkksa ekjk x;k] rc ;g nk#.k lekpkj
bl fu'p; ij igq¡ps gSAa rnuqlkj esjh lykg rks ;gh gS fd lcls çfr"Bkiw.kZ lqudj jko.k ij dSlh çfrfØ;k gqbZ og dgrk gS] ßesjk lh/kk gkFk pyk x;kAÞ
fodYi ;gh gS fd lhrk dks ykSVk fn;k tk;s D;ksfa d vki mudks u ykSVkus ds fy, rnuUrj i'pkr~ki Hkjs mn~xkj mlds ân; ls fudyrs gSa] ß,d ckr tks eq>s
n`<Ûfu'p; gS]a vr% gesa ;q¼ djuk gh iMÛxs kA vki bl gB/keZ ij rqys gq, gSAa O;fFkr dj jgh gS] og ;g gS fd eSua s ml egkRek foHkh"k.k dks] ftlus mfpr]
fuLlUnsg vkius eq>s vusd ckj migkjksa vkSj mikf/k;ksa ls lEekfur fd;k gSA eSa Hkzkr`Ro mÙke ijke'kZ fn;k Fkk] mls fudky fn;kA bl ckr ls vc eq>s cMÛk /kDdk
vkids fgr ds fy, D;ksa u dke vkÅ¡xk\ vki esjs midkjh gSAa vki ,d vuSfrd yx jgk gSA jke ds okLrfod xq.kksa dks le> u ikus ls] viuh 'kfDr dk Bhd&Bhd
ekxZ dk vuqlj.k dj jgs gSAa fQj Hkh eSa ;q¼ esa 'kkfey gksus ds fy, rS;kj gw¡A eSa vankTÛkk u dj ldus ds dkj.k] eSa bl n'kk ij vk igq¡pk gw¡A eq>s vius fd;s ij
vkids fy, lc dqN R;kx dj] vius thou dh vkgqfr nw¡xkAÞ dqEHkd.kZ Hkh blh yTtk vk jgh gSA gk;! eSua s mls R;kx Qsd a k gS]Þ dsoy {k.kHkj ds fy, gh jko.k us
çdkj ckrsa djrk gS] ßtks jktk viuh 'kfDr dk lgh vankTÛkk yxk, fcuk vkSj bl çdkj lkspkA
'k=qcy dh vogsyuk dj xÛyr ekxZ viukrk gS] og vusd çdkj dh dfBukb;ksa rnuUrj ,d Lej.kh; o.kZu vkrk gS] tgk¡ foHkh"k.k Jh jke dks Hkkjh
dk lkeuk djus okyk gS] ftlds QyLo:i vius Å¡ps LFkku ls uhps mrkj fn;k lgk;rk nsrk gSA bUæftr ,d cMÛk ek;koh tky jpus okyk FkkA ;fn og mldks
tk;sxkA geus rqEgsa ;g lykg cgqr igys gh nh Fkh] fdUrq rqeus vulquh dj nhA fof/kiwodZ iwjk djus esa lQy gks tkrk] rks loZuk'k gks ldrk FkkA bUæftr dsoy
;gh mfpr ekxZ gSA fdUrq vki rks nq%lk/; O;fDr gS]a vkSj viuh #fp ds vuqdy w vn`"V gh ugha jgrk] vts; Hkh gks tkrkA Bhd le; ij foHkh"k.k us vklék ladV ds
gh dke djrs gSAa vc tSlh bPNk gks oSlk djksAÞ jko.k viuh lQÛkbZ nsrk gS] ß;g fo"k; esa psrkouh nhA foHkh"k.k us y{e.k ls dgk] ßbUæftr dk U;xzk/s k ;k ihiy
lp gS] rqeus eq>s ;g lykg nh Fkh] ijUrq Hkze ls] vFkok dnkfpr~~ vius cy vkSj o`{k ds uhps tkus ls igys gh o/k dj nsuk pkfg;sAÞ y{e.k bUæftr dks o`{k ds
ijkØe ds vfHkeku ls eSua s vki lcdh ckr ugha ekuhA og lc ijke'kZ vc csdkj uhps igq¡pus ls igys gh yydkjrk gSA grksRlkg bUæftr eqMÛrk gS] oks vius pkpk]

foHkh"k.k dks ns[krk gSA og dgrk gS] ßvki esjs firk ds laj{k.k esa ikys iksls x, gSAa mlds vfHk;ksx] mudh lQÛkbZ dh vis{kk vf/kd TÛkksjnkj çrhr gksrs gSAa foHkh"k.k
vki eq>s gkfu igq¡pkus dk dSls lksp ldrs gS\a vki ,d /keZ&nw"k.k gS]a vki dqy dgrk gS] ßtku iMÛrk gS] rq>s esjs LoHkko dk irk ugha gS] blhfy;s esjs çfr cqjk
dyad gSAa ge lc vki ij yfTtr gSAa vki foi{k ds lsod gks x;s gSAa vki vius Hkyk dg jgs gksA rqEgsa ekywe gksuk pkfg,] esjk O;fDrRo vkSj esjh vUrjkRek jk{klh
dÙkZO; vkSj vU; dÙkZO; ds e/; egku Hksn dks ugha ns[k ik jgs gSAa ;g dgk¡ vkSj ugha gSA ;|fi esjk tUe ØwjdekZ jk{klksa ds dqy esa gqvk gS] rFkkfi esj 'khy&LoHkko
og dgk¡\Þ vkidks blls lqUnj ns'k HkfDr ds n`f"Vdks.k dh nwljh mfDr ugha jk{klksa tSlk ughaA eSa vo'; rqEgkjs chp gqvk gw¡] ijUrq rqEgkjs tSlk ugha gw¡A ,sls HkkbZ
feysxhA nsf[k,] dk R;kx D;ksa u fd;k tk;s] tks nq"V gks] pfj=ghu gks] nwljs dh lEifÙk gMÛius
bg Roa tkrlao) ` % lk{kkn~Hkzkrk firqeeZ A okyk gks ;k ijkbZ ukjh ij gkFk yxkrk gksA ml nqjkRek dks blh çdkj R;kx nsuk
dFka æáfl iq=L; firÒ;ks ee jk{klAA pkfg,] tSls tyrs gq, ?kj dksA bUnha nks"kksa ds dkj.k eSua s vius HkkbZ vkSj rqEgkjs
u KkfrRoa u lkSgkn± u tkfrLro nqer Z As firk dk ifjR;kx fd;k gSA rqe dky ik'k esa c¡/ks gq, gks] blhfy, dqN Hkh cdokl
çek.ka u lksn;± u /keks± /keZn"w k.kAA dj ldrks gksAÞ rnuUrj y{e.k vkSj bUæftr dk ?kksj ;q¼ cgqr le; rd
'kksp;LRoefl nqcqZ)s fuUnuh;'p lk/kqfHk%A pyrk jgkA y{e.k ds ;q¼tfur Je dk fuokj.k vkSj muds fgr lEiknu ds fy,
;LRoa LotueqRl`tR; ijHk`R;Roekxr%AA foHkh"k.k ;q¼ Hkwfe esa vkdj [kMÛs gks x,A os okujksa dks Hkh ;q¼ ds fy;s çsfjr djus
uSrfPNfFky;k cq)îk Roa osfRl egnUrje~A yxsA os bUæthr dks b'kkjk djds dgrs gSa %
Do p Lotulaokl% Do p uhpijkJ;%AA v;qDra fu/kua drq± iq=L; tfurqeeZ A
xq.koku~ ok ijtu% Lotuks fuxZ.q kks·fi okA ?k`.kkeikL; jkekFksZ fugU;ka HkzkrqjkRete~AA
fuxqZ.k% Lotu% Js;ku~ ;% ij% ij ,o l%AA gUrqdkeL; es ck"ia p{kq'pSo fu:/;frA
;% Loi{ka ifjR;T; iji{ka fu"ksorsA reso"S k egkckgqy{Z e.k% 'kef;";frAA VI.90.17-18
l Loi{ks {k;a çkIrs i'pkÙkSjos gU;rsAA VI.87.11-16 ßeSa blds firk dk HkkbZ gw¡A bl ukrs ls ;g esjk iq= gSA vr% esjs fy, bldk
ßvkidk HkkbZ] tSlk vki dgrs gS]a oSlk gks ldrk gS vkSj blls vf/kd HkhA o/k djuk vuqfpr gSA rFkkfi Jh jke ds fy,] bl dksey Hkkouk dks R;kx dj eSa
fQj Hkh Lotu] pkgs nq"V Hkh D;ksa u gks] og Js;Ldj gSA ,d ijns'kh] rks ijns'kh gh vius bl Hkrhts dks ekjus ds fy, m|r gw¡A ijUrq tc eSa Lo;a bldks ekjus ds
gSA vki gekjs lkFk fo'olk?kkr dj] foi{k dk lkFk ns ldrs gS]a ysfdu foi{kh fy;s gfFk;kj pykuk pkgrk gw¡] ml le; vk¡lw esjh n`f"V cUn dj nsrs gSAa vr,o
vkidk iwjk ykHk mBkdj fQj vkidks u"V dj nsxkA nqerZ !s rqe esa u rks dVqEch ;s egkckgq] y{e.k gh bldk fouk'k djsxa As Þ ns[kus dh ckr gS fd fdl çdkj
tuksa ds çfr çse gS] u vkReh;rk gS vkSj u gh viuh tkfr dk vfHkeku gSA rqe /keZlda V bl euq"; ds ân; dks {kh.k dj nsrs gSAa
/keZn"w k.k gks vFkkZr~ jk{kl oa'k dks dkyafdr djus okys gksA nqc¼ Zq !s rqeus Lotuksa dk foHkh"k.k vius lEcfU/k;ksa ds Ny&diV dks rksMÛus esa fo'ks"k :i ls dq'ky
ifjR;kx djds nwljksa dh xqÛykeh Lohdkj dh gSA vr% rqe lRiq#"kksa }kjk féknuh; Fkk] bUæftr rFkk vU; yksxksa ds ek;koh ç;ksxksa HkyhHkk¡fr ifjfpr FkkA tc dHkh
vkSj 'kksd ds ;ksX; gksA rqe viuh f'kfFky cqf¼ ds dkj.k bl egku vUrj dks jke ds i{k ds yksx grksRlkfgr gq, ;k fdlh Hk; ls vk'kafdr gq,] mldk mlus
le> ugha jgs gksA nwljs yksx pkgs fdrus Hkh xq.koku D;ksa u gksa vkSj vius Lotu Hksnu fd;kA vusd ckj ;q¼ ds le; mlus lc çdkj dh lsok vkSj midkj fd;s]
fdrus Hkh xq.kghu D;ksa u gks] os nwljksa dh vis{kk Js"B gSAa tks vius i{k dks NksMÛdj le; ls igys psrkouh vkSj le;ksfpr lq>ko fn;s] bl ckr ij /;ku fn;s fcuk
nwljksa dk lsou djrk gS] og vius i{k ds u"V gks tkus ij mUgha ds }kjk ekjk tkrk fd mlus dk;ks± ls dnkfpr~~ mu yksxksa dks dqN {kfr igq¡p]s ftudks mlus lnkpkj
gSA rqe vc rks ge ls fo'okl?kkr djds 'k=qi{k dk lkFk ns ldrs gks] ysfdu os dk 'k=q ekudj fuUnk dh Fkh vkSj vUrr% ifjR;kx fd;k FkkA dFkk ds ml fcUnq
vkidh mifLFkfr dk iwjk iwjk ykHk mBkdj fQj vkidks u"V dj nsxa As Þ ij] ftl ij vc ge vk igq¡ps gS]a eSa vkidk /;ku ,d çlax ij fnykÅ¡xk]
foHkh"k.k Hkh viuh lQÛkbZ nsrk gSA tSlk çk;% gksrk gS] HkRlZuk vkSj nks"kkjksi.k ftldk mYys[k iwoeZ os fd;k tk pqdk gSA* tc bUæftr us ,d Ïf=e ek;koh
lQÛkbZ i{k ds çfrokn ls vf/kd rhoz gksrs gSaA tSls ckfy çlax esa Hkh jke ds fo#¼
* nsf[k, v-4, i`-49.

lhrk dk fuekZ.k djds vkSj j.k{ks= essa mldks ykdj mldk o/k fd;kA ;g ?kVuk euqtUs ækrZ#is.k ;nqDra p guwerkA
ml le; ?kVh] tc og guqeku vkSj cMÛh la[;k esa mlds lkfFk;ksa ds lkFk la?k"kZ esa rn;qDrega eU;s lkxjL;so 'kks"k.ke~AA
my>k gqvk FkkA guqeku us o/k jksdus dk Hkjld ç;Ru fd;k] ijUrq tSls gh os vfHkçk;a rq tkukfe jko.kL; nqjkReu%A
cpko ds fy, c<sÛ] jk{klksa us mUgsa pkjksa vksj ls ?ksj fy;k vkSj bl n`'; dks ns;kdj lhrka çfr egkckgks u p ?kkra dfj";frAA
'ks"k okuj Hkh ogk¡ ,df=r gks x, vkSj ogk¡ gaxkek gks x;k] vkSj guqeku bl ladV ;kP;ekuLrq cgq'kks e;k fgrfpdhÆ"k.kkA
LFky rd igq¡pus esa vleFkZ jgsA os bInzftr ij tÛkjs ls fpYyk;sA ijUrq bInzftr oSngs heqRl`tLosfr u p rr~ Ñroku~ op%AA
us tokc fn;k] ß;q¼LFky esa fdlh uSfrd ladksp dk dksbZ lksp&fopkj ugha gksrkA uSo lkEuk u nkusu u Hknsu dqrks ;q/kkA
ftlls 'k=q ny dks vf/kd ls vf/kd vk?kkr igq¡p]s og lc mfpr ekuk tkrk gSAÞ lk æq"Vqefi 'kD;sr uSo pkU;su dsufpr~AA
;g es?kukn joS;k rks fgVyj tSlk çrhr gksrk gS] ysfdu dgk lquh dks ;g fl¼kUr okujku~ eksgf;Rok rq çfr;kr% l jk{kl%A VI.84.9-13
'krkfCn;ksa iwoZ ekywe FkkA blds i'pkr~ tc bUæftr viuh ryokj ek;koh lhrk ßguqeku us vR;Ur nq[kh gksdj tks lekpkj vkidks lquk;k gS] ,slk dnkfi
ds 'kjhj esa (;Kksiohr ekxsZ.k) ?kksia pqdk Fkk] 'kjhj esa tks ;Kksiohr /kkj.k djus dk gks gh ugha ldrkA og dksjh cdokl gSA mls eSa leqæ dks lks[k ysus ds leku
LFkku gS] ml LFkku ls ek;koh lhrk ds nks VqdMÛs gks pqds FksA blls iwoZ fd os ckgj vlEHko ekurk gw¡A nqjkRek jko.k dk lhrk ds çfr D;k Hkko gS] ;g eSa vPNh çdkj
vk lds] guqeku fujUrj ;q¼ djrs jgs] ijUrq os vius mís'; esa os lQy u gks tkurk gw¡A pkgs lhrk ds çfr og vU; dqN Hkh dj ys] ijUrq mudk o/k og dnkfi
ldsA ;g mu voljksa esa ls ,d Fkk] tcfd guqeku dks 'k=q ds çfr vlQyrk ugha dj ldrkA og muds çfr fdruk vuqjDr gS fd og muds çfr fdlh çdkj
feyhA guqeku u dsoy lhrk dks cpkus esa vlQy jgs] ftldks mUgksua s bUæftr dh gkfu dk fopkj rd lgu ugha dj ldrkA eSua s vusd ckj mldk fgr djus dh
dk f'kdkj le>k Fkk vfirq os lQyrkiwod Z fojks/kh ny dk lkeuk Hkh u dj ik;sA bPNk ls lhrk dks ykSVkus dh ;kpuk dh] fdUrq mlus vulquk dj fn;kA lhrk dks
rRi'pkr~] tSlk dfo crkrk gS] mUgksua s viuh lsuk dh VqdMÛh dks lqO;rfLFkr <ax dksbZ vU; iq#"k lke] nke] naM vkSj Hksnuhfr ds }kjk Hkh ns[k ugha ldrk] fQj
ls ihNs gVk fy;kA blls vf/kd os dqN u dj ldsA rRi'pkr] mUgksua s cMÛs nq%[k ds ;q¼ ds }kjk dSls ns[k ldrk gS\ fpUrk djus dh dksbZ vko';drk ughaA esjk
lkFk] tc dqN nsj ckn] lhrk ds o/k dh lwpuk Jh jke dks nh] 'kksdkdqy Jh jke Hkrhtk cMÛk pkyckTÛk gSA jk{kl bUæftr vkids lHkh okujksa dks /kks[ks esa Mkydj
ew£Nr gksdj tMÛ ls dVs gq, o`{k dh Hkk¡fr i`Foh ij fxj iMÛAs y{e.k rFkk vU; pyk x;k gSAÞ
yksxksa dks mudh ns[kHkky esa yxuk iMÛkA vkidks dnkfpr~~ ;kn gksxk] fdl çdkj foHkh"k.k dh ckr lqudj Jh jke v'oLr gks x, vkSj iqu% ;q¼ ds fy, m|r
y{e.k us bl volj dk mi;ksx fd;kA ,slk djuk gekjs fopkj ls loZFkk gq,A jko.k ds lkFk ;q¼ djrs ml le; mudk lkeF;Z vkSj ijkØe bruk çpaM Fkk
vuko';d FkkA de ls de] eSua s rks ;g ç;kl fd;k Fkk fd vki Hkh ,slk lkspAas fd dfo ds vuqlkj] vR;Ur O;fFkr gksdj jko.k dks ;q¼ ls Hkkxuk iMÛkA
mUgksua s /keZ vkSj Jh jke ds /kekZujq kx dh f[kYyh mMÛkbZ] /kekZujq kx dk migkl esjh #fp rks ;gk¡ dsoy jke ds çfr foHkh"k.k dh fu"Bk vkSj leiZ.k esa gSA
fd;kA os dgrs gS]a ß;g Qy gS] vkids /kekZujq kx dkA dke dh oLrq rks vFkZ gSÞ vr% vc eSa nwljs fcUnq ij vkrk gw¡A ;g fcUnq ml le; dk gS] tcfd jke vkSj
(D;ksfa d vFkZ ls gh lkjh fØ;k,¡ lEiék gksrh gS)a A TÛkjk lh nsj ckn foHkh"k.k ml jko.k viuh vfUre eqBHksMÛ esa ,d nwljs ls tw> jgs FksA foHkh"k.k u dsoy ijke'kZ
LFkku ij vkrs gSAa mUgksua s y{e.k dks 'kksdeXu vkSj Jh jke dks ew£PNr ns[kkA nsus esa prqj Fks] u dsoy mUgksua s vius lEcfU/k;ksa ds nks"kksa dk mn~?kkVu fd;k vkSj
y{e.k ls lhrk o/k dh ckr lqudj] os Jh jke ds lEeq[k cksy]s ßjk{kl bUæftr lykg vkSj lkURouk Hkh nh] vkSj ;q¼ esa 'kkS;iZ .w kZ dk;Z Hkh fd;sA vfUre eqBHksMÛ esa
us guqeku dks nq%[kh gksdj tks lekpkj lquk;k Fkk] og dksjh cdokl gSA jk{kl jko.k ij jke vkSj y{e.k }kjk vkSj vius HkkbZ foHkh"k.k }kjk Hkh] tks çk;% xnk
bUæftr us guqeku vkSj muds lkfFk;ksa dks /kks[kk fn;k gSA ftldk mlus (bUæftr) pykrs Fks] cqjh rjg ncko Mkyk x;kA dgk tkrk gS] bl volj ij foHkh"k.k us rhoz
us o/k fd;k Fkk] og ek;koh lhrk FkhaA ,slk fuf'pr lef>;sAÞ dqN 'yksdksa esa çgkj fd;k vkSj jko.k ds jko.k ds jFk ds ?kksMÛkas dks ekj fxjk;kA QyLo:i] jko.k
foHkh"k.k vius dFku ds leFkZu esa ;qfDr;k¡ çLrqr djrk gS %* jFkfoghu gks x;kA vius HkkbZ ij cgqr Øq¼ gqvk] ftlus bruk cMÛk vfu"V dj
fn;k FkkA Øks/k ls Hkjs jko.k us viuh ^'kfDr* fudkyh (tks fd eSa le>rk gw¡ fd ,d
* nsf[k, v-25.

çdkj dk Hkkyk Fkk) vkSj mls TÛkksj ls lh/kk foHkh"k.k dh vksj Qsd
a k] ;g dgdj fd ;s 'kCn vR;Ur vuqi;qDr vkSj v'kksHkuh; gksr]s ;fn e`r O;fDr thfor
og foHkh"k.k dks lekIr dj nsA rqjUr y{e.k nksuksa ds chp esa vk [kMÛs gq, vkSj gksrkA ijUrq tc og v/kksxkeh gS vkSj mldh lsuk vHkh Hkh vkids lkeus ekStnw gS_
cksy]s ßbls eSa vius Åij ys yw¡xk] og foHkh"k.k dks Li'kZ rd u dj ldsxhAÞ ;q¼ rc ;s dsoy ,d nq%[kn vuqLekjd gS] ,d misf{kr psrkouh dk vkSj mu foosdiw.kZ
{ks= esa ,slk ijkØe] fdruk egku deZ Fkk! ifj.kke ;g gqvk fd og 'kL= y{e.k ijke'kks± dk] ftudk frjLdkj dj mUgsa vulquk fd;k x;k FkkA ßohjoj! vkt tks
dks yxkA y{e.k ew£PNr gksdj /kjk'kk;h gq,A ;gh ewPNkZ çk.kysok çrhr gksrh FkhA ladV rqEgkjs Åij vkdj iMÛk] mlds çfr eSua s rqEgsa igys ls gh lpsr fd;k Fkk]
;s os 'kCn gS]a tks Lo;a jko.k }kjk dgs x;s Fks % fdUrq ml le; dke&eksg ls o'khHkwr gksus ds dkj.k] rqEgsa esjh ckrsa ugha #fpdj
eksf{krLrs cy'ykf?ku~ ;Leknsoa foHkh"k.k%A ugha çrhr gqbA± vgadkj ds dkj.k u rks çgLr us] u bUæftr us] u nwljs yksx] u
foeqP; jk{kla 'kfDRLRonh;a fofuikR;rsAA dqEHkd.kZ us] u ujkUrd us vkSj u Lo;a rqeus gh esjh ckrksa ij /;ku fn;kA
,"kk rs ân;a fHkÙok 'kfDryksfZ gry{.kk%A egkuqHkoh yksxksa us vkidks bl ?kkrd vkpj.k ls jksd fy;k gksrk] ;fn vkius
egn~ckgqifj/kksRl`"Vk çk.kkuknk; ;kL;frAA VI. 101.28,29 mudh ckrsa lquh gksrhaA mlh dk ;g dVq ifj.kke gSAÞ
ßvius cy ij ?keaM j[kus okys] y{e.k! rqeus ,slk ç;kl djds foHkh"k.k igys foHkh"k.k ds eu esa fopkj vk;k fd fnoaxr dk ,dek= thfor
dks cpk fy;kA blfy, vc ml jk{kl dks NksMÛdj eSa rqEgkjs Åij gh lh/kk 'kfDr lEcU/kh gksus ds dkj.k mldk dÙkZO; curk gS fd og mldh vUR;sf"V Lo;a gh
dk çgkj djrk gw¡A ;g 'kfDr 'k=qvksa ds [Ûkuw ls ugkus okyh gSA ;g esjs gkFk ls djsA vr,o] og vius HkkbZ dk vfUre laLdkj djus ds fy;s jke ls vuqefr
NwVrs gh rqEgkjs ân; dks fonh.kZ djds rqEgkjs çk.kksa dks vius lkFk ys tk;sxhAÞ ek¡xrk gS] ß;g esjk HkkbZ] tks vc Hkwfe ij iMÛk gS] og vius thou dky esa ,d
oLrqr% bl ?kVuk ds vkxs ds Hkkx ds fo"k; esa eSa igys crk pqdk gw¡] tcfd egku 'kfDr'kkyh O;fDr FkkA og oknkU;rk vkSj cy ijkØe tSls egku xq.kksa ls
ppkZ y{e.k ds fo"k; esa gh jgh FkhA* ;gk¡ ppkZ bl le; dsoy foHkh"k.k ds lEiék FkkA blus ;kpdksa dks eqDrgLr nku fn,] lc çdkj ds Hkksx Hkksx]s vusd
lEcU/k esa gh gSA vr,o] bl çlax dks ;gha NksMÛdj vkxs c<Ûrs gSAa bl çdkj ukSdj pkdj mldh lsok esa çLrqr jgrs FksA vius fe= ,oa lg;ksfx;ksa dks viuh
y{e.k }kjk cpk fy;s tkus ls foHkh"k.k thfor jgs vkSj mUgksua s vkxs pydj vius vrqy /ku&lEifÙk çnku dhA vius 'k=qvksa ds fy,] og ,d foHkhf"kdk vkSj yksd
egku l[kk ds fy;s blls Hkh c<Ûdj dke fd;sA dUVd FkkA blds vfrfjDr mlus dBksj riL;k,¡ dha] vkSj og lc 'kkL=fofgr
vUr esa ge ;q¼ ds vfUre n`'; ij vkrs gS]a tcfd jko.k ekjk tk pqdk vuq"Bkuksa esa fuiq.k FkkA vc og çsrHkko dks çkIr gqvk gSA vr% eSa vkidh Ïik ls
FkkA nsork] euq"; vkSj vU; lc çk.kh vkuUn euk jgs FksA leLr çÏfr çQqfYyr blds çsr ÏR; djuk pkgrk gw¡AÞ foHkh"k.k ds d#.kktud opuksa dks lqudj jke us
Fkh] D;ksafd ekuo tkfr dk ,d 'kfDr'kkyh 'k=q e`R;q dks çkIr gks x;k FkkA mUgsa jko.k ds fy, mÙke yksdksa dks çkIr djus okyk vUR;sf"VdeZ djus dh vkKk
okYehfd dh i¼fr esa mudh ,d fof'k"Vrk gS fd os lEcfU/k;ksa dks] tks vkil esa nhA os cksy]s ße`R;q lc ½.kksa ls m½.k dj nsrh gSA lc oSj e`R;q ij lekIr gks tkrs
fdrus cMÛs 'k=q D;ksa u gks]a rqjUr 'kksd&lUrIr dj nsrs gS]a tc os mu phtÛkas dks gSAa e`R;q ds ml ikj }s"k vkSj ?k`.kk dks ugha ys tk pkfg;sA jko.k ls vc ?k`.kk Hkko
ns[krs gS]a ftudh mUgksua s dkeuk dh Fkh vkSj ftlds fy;s c<Ûkok Hkh fn;k FkkA tSls D;ksa j[ks\a vc gekjk ç;kstu fl¼ gks pqdk gSA rqe vkSj ge ,d ifo= eS=h }kjk
gh jko.k dk o/k gks tkrk gS] foHkh"k.k vuqrki ls vkØkUr gks tkrs gSAa os 'ko ds ikl ,d gks x;s gSAa bl le; tSls ;g rqEgkjs Lusg dk ik= gS] mlh çdkj esjk Hkh cMÛk
tkdj bl çdkj foyki djrs gSa % HkkbZ gSA eSa Hkh bldh vUR;sf"V djus dk gdÛnkj gw¡ vkSj ;g esjk dÙkZO; Hkh gSA ;fn
fdlh dkj.k rqe ;g dk;Z u dj ldks] rks eSa dj nw¡xkAÞ
rfnna ohj laçkIra e;k iwo± lehfjre~A
dkeeksgijhrL; ;Ùks u :fpra op%AA vc eSa ,d nwljh ckr ij vkrk gw¡] tks vR;f/kd HkkoukRed çrhr gksrh gS
;é nikZRçgLrks ok usUæftékijs tuk%A
vkSj çlax dqN gVdj gSA eSa vkidk /;ku bl ij blfy, fnyk jgk gw¡ D;ksfa d ;g
u% dqEHkd.kks·Z frjFkks ukfrdk;ks ujkUrd%AA gekjs cMÛs Vhdkdkjksa dh 'kSyh dh dqN fof'k"V gSA
u Lo;a RoeeU;sFkkLrL;ksndks·Z ;ekxr%A VI.112.4-6 ej.kkUrkfu oSjkf.k fuo`ZÙka u% ç;kstue~A
fØ;rkeL; laLdkjks eekI;s"k ;Fkk roAA VI.112.26
* nsf[k, v-3, i`-34.

Vhdkdkj jke ds bu 'kCnksa dh vksj /;ku fnykrk gS] ßjko.k vc eq>s dksbZ mifLFkfr esa gksrAs dgk tkrk gS fd vUR;sf"V laLdkj vf/kd Qynk;d tHkh gksrk
gkfu ugha igq¡pk ldrkA iwoZ esa mlus esjh Hkk;kZ dk vigj.k fd;k vkSj esjs fç; fe= gS] tcfd og fç;tu }kjk lEiék gksA vkidk foNksg lgu u dj ldus ds dkj.k]
tVk;q dk o/k fd;k] ijUrq vc eq>s dksbZ gkfu ugha igq¡pk ldrkAÞ firkth vkidk /;ku djrs djrs py clsA vr% vkids }kjk vfUre laLdkj
blh ls ,slk çrhr gksrk gS fd ekuks jke Lo;a dks Lej.k djkrs gSa fd ,d ckj djus ls gh fnoaxr vkRek dks 'kkfUr feysxhAÞ blh çdkj dk 'kksd foHkh"k.k dks Hkh
igys Hkh foHkh"k.k ds LohÏr gksus ls iwoZ mUgksua s dgk Fkk % ml le; lrk jgk FkkA mls Lej.k vkrk gS fd os ,d nwljs ls fdruh ?k`.kk djrs
foHkh"k.kks ok lqxhz o ;fn ok jko.k% Lo;e~A VI.18.35 FksA os Lo;a ls iwNrs gSa fd D;k ml HkkbZ dh vUR;sf"V djuk muds fy;s mfpr
ß;fn Lo;a jko.k Hkh esjs ikl vk;s] rks vo'; gh eSa mldks Hkh Lohdkj dj gksxk\ D;k mlls dqN ykHk gksxk\ os dgrs gS]a Þjko.k cMÛk gh nq"V Fkk] mldh
yw¡xkA D;k rqe lksprs gks ;g ckr eSua s ifjgkl esa dgh Fkh\ eSa lpeqp ân; ls nq"Vrk dk dksbZ vUr u FkkA fdruh lrh&lk/oh fL=;ksa dks mlus vius tho dky
pkgrk Fkk fd jko.k esjs ikl vk;s] eSa mls viukÅ¡ vkSj {kek dj nw¡A eSa mldh dqN esa cckZn fd;kA mls nwljksa ds çfr vuSfrd dk;Z djus esa eTÛkk vkrk FkkA lcds
HkykbZ djuk pkgrk FkkA ijUrq ;g rks nqjkxzgh Fkk vkSj mldh çÏfr dh foÏfr us vfgr esa rRij jgus okyk ;g jko.k HkkbZ ds :i esa esjk 'k=q FkkA ;|fi T;s"B gksus
gh vUrr% ml ij fot; çkIr dhAÞ ls og esjk iwT; Fkk] rFkkfi og eq> ls lRdkj ikus ;ksX; ugha gSA vr% eSa mldh
vUR;sf"V djuk mfpr ugha le>rk gw¡A ;fn eSa ;g laLdkj u d:¡] esjh ;g ckr
ekY;oku us jko.k dks Jh jke ls lfU/k djus dk lq>ko fn;k Fkk] ijUrq og lqudj lalkj ds yksx lEHkor% dgsa eSa ,d }s"kiw.kZ vkSj Øwj O;fDr gw¡A dnkfpr~~ os
fgrdj ckr dks Hkh lgu u dj ldk vkSj Øks/k ls o'khHkwr gksdj cksyk % esjs fo#¼ ,slh /kkj.kk cuk Hkh pqds gksa fd eSa ,d ,slk ikth çk.kh gw¡] tks e`R;q ds
f}/kk HkT;s;eI;soa u ues;a rq dL;fpr~A ckn Hkh vius HkkbZ ds dke u vk;kA ijUrq tc os Lo;a jko.k ds nqx.Zq kksa dks ;kn
,"k es lgtks nks"k% LoHkkoks nqjfrØe%AA VI.36.11 djsxa ]s mlds ikikpkjksa ds fy;s mls mÙkjnk;h Bgjk;sxa s fd fdruh fL=;ksa ds lkFk
ßeSa chp ls nks VqdMÛs gks tkÅ¡xk] fdUrq fdlh ds lkeus >qd ugha ldw¡xkA ;g mlus cykRdkj fd;k rc os esjs bl fopkj dks mfpr Bgjk;sxa As Þ vkidks Lej.k
esjk lgt nks"k gSA viuh çÏfr dks dkSu cny ldrk gS\Þ gksxk] fdl çdkj jke mls ,slk djus ds fo#¼ le>krs gSAa os foHkh"k.k dks jko.k
lksp dj fd eSa bl ckr dk mYys[k d:¡] esjs eu esa ;g fopkj vk;k fd dh egkurk dh ;kn fnykrs gS]a mldh ri'p;kZ dk o.kZu djrs gSAa og Hkys gh v/
jke dh çÏfr ftl Å¡pkbZ dks Nw pqdh Fkh] ;g loZFkk mlds vuq:i gSA ;fn kehZ vkSj vlR;oknh jgk gks] ijUrq laxkz e esa lnk gh rstLoh] 'kkS;oZ ku FkkA mlus
mUgksua s bu 'kCnksa dk ç;ksx bUgha vFkks± esa fd;k Fkk] tSlk fd eSua s vHkh crk;k gS] rks ?kksj riL;k ds ckn nsorkvksa ls vusd ojnku çkIr fd,A mlus viuh ryokj ds
;g muds fy, dksbZ ekU; ckr u FkhA ;g Jh jke ds LoHkko ds vuq:i gh FkhA cy ij mlus nsorkvksa rd ls ;q¼ fd;k vkSj mudks ijkftr fd;kA mls vusd
nqHkkZX; ls FkksMÛh nsj ckj foHkh"k.k vuqrki xzLr gks tkrs gSAa tSlk fd eSa igys egku dk;Z djus dk Hkh xkSjo çkIr FkkA
mYys[k dj pqdk gw¡] ,d /kkj.kk gS] tks yksxksa esa çpfyr gS *] tSls igys Fkh] ;|fi eSua s foHkh"k.k ds ÏR;ksa dk iqu% fujh{k.k djus dk ç;kl ;g fn[kkus ds fy;s
;g gekjh lkekU; i¼fr vkSj 'kkL= ds fo#¼ gSA og çFkk ;g gS fd ,d O;fDr fd;k gS fd oLrqr% muds O;fDrRo dqN Hkh ,slk ugha gS] tks LokFkZ ;k dehusiu ls
ds [Ûkuw ds fj'rs ls] pkgs lEcU/k fdruk Hkh fudV D;ksa u gks] ;g vko';d ugha çsfjr gqvk yxsA muds pfj= esa dksbZ {kqærk ugha Fkh A muds fo#¼] tks ;g vkjksi
fd mldh e`R;q ij vki mlds fy, dksbZ laLdkj djs]a ;g Hkh vko';d ugha fd yxk;k x;k Fkk fd mUgksua s vius cU/kq&ckU/koksa ds lkFk fo'okl?kkr fd;k] og mu
vi e`R;q dk v'kkSp ekusAa tc ge vius Lotuksa ls Øq¼ gksrs gS]a rks ,slk Hkh dg yksxksa ds fy;s xÛyr fudyk] ftUgksua s mls ikyk&ikslk] cMÛk fd;k Fkk vkSj mudks
fn;k djrs gS]a ßtc eSa e:¡] rqe Luku Hkh u djukAÞ Øks/kkos'k esa dqN yksx ,slk Hkh 'kfDr'kkyh cukus esa lgk;rk dh FkhA esjs fopkj esa rks ;g vkjksi egku vkSj egÙkj
dg nsrs gS]a ßrsjs ejus dk lqudj eSa [Ûkcw nw/k ihÅ¡xk] ?kh ds nh;s tykÅ¡xkAÞ ge fo"k;ksa esa Hksn u dj ldus ds dkj.k gh yxk;k tkrk gSA nqfu;k esa vius cU/kq&
Hkjr dks jke ls ;g dgrs gq, lqu pqds gS]a ß;g lp gS fd eSua s firk th dh ckU/koksa ds çfr fu"Bk ls Hkh vf/kd egÙoiw.kZ ckrsa gSaA ge ml U;k;/kh'k dh
vUR;sf"V dh D;ksfa d eSa gh ogk¡ mifLFkr FkkA ijUrq firk th dh vkRek mruh çlék ljkguk ugha djrs] u gh dj ldrs] tks fdlh ds i{k esa fu.kZ; dsoy blhfy, nsrk
u gqbZ gksxh vkSj vUR;sf"V ÏR; Hkh mrus çHkkoh u jgs gksxa ]s ftrus vkidh mifLFkfr gS fd og ,d lEcU/kh gSA blds foijhr] nwljh vksj ge ,sls jktkvksa dh cMÛkbZ
esa gksrAs dgk tkrk gS fd vUR;sf"V ÏR; Hkh mrus çHkkoh u jgs gksxa ]s ftrus vkidh djrs gS]a ftUgksua s vius iq=ksa rd dks naM fn;k D;ksfa d os nks"kh ik;s x,A fQj Hkh
278 jkek;.k ds T;ksfr&LrEHk l=gok¡ v/;k; 279

foHkh"k.k ds pfj= dk ewY;kadu djrs le;] ge ,slk D;ksa dgsa fd mldks vius
HkkbZ dk lkFk nsuk pkfg, Fkk] pkgs og ekuork ds çfr esa fdruk Hkh fo}s"kh D;ksa u
Fkk\ ftruk 'kh?kz ge bl /kkj.kk dks eu ls fudky nsa vkSj foHkh"k.k dks fpjathfo;ksa*
ds e/; iqu%LFkkfir dj ns]a mruk gh lcds fy, Js;Ldj gksxkA l=gok¡ v/;k;
guqeku

guqeku ds pfj= esa vusd ,slh ckrsa gS]a tks lcdks vkd£"kr djrh gSAa eq>s
fcYdqy vk'p;Z ugha gksrk fd yksxksa ds ân; esa muds çfr bruk xgjk yxko gSA os
gj vFkZ esa egku FksA ;fn muds }kjk lEiék dkjukeksa dks ,d vEckj ds :i esa
j[kk tk;s] rks 'kk;n gh fdlh vU; ik= }kjk ,slk lax`ghr vEckj] ifjek.k esa Hkh
muds vEckj ds fudV igq¡pAs mUgksua s egku 'kkS;iZ .w kZ vkSj 'kkjhfjd cy ds }kjk ,sls
dk;Z fd;s] tks ml le; ds fdlh Hkh vU; çk.kh ds fy, v'kD; FksA mUgsa ,sls
dk;Z] ftuds fy, foiqy cy vkSj vR;f/kd ladYi 'kfDr visf{kr Fkh] djus iMÛs
vkSj mudk fu"iknu mUgksua s cMÛh ç'kaluh; lEiw.kZrk ls fd;kA lp rks ;g gS fd
iwjs ^jkek;.k* dkO; esa dksbZ vU; pfj= muds leku egku ugha Fkk] ;fn ge jke
vkSj udkjkRed vFkZ es]a jko.k ds pfj= dks NksMÛ nsAa tSlk fd eSua s jke ds pfj= dk
o.kZu djrs gq, fd;k Fkk] eSa igys guqeku dFkk ds dqN ,sls fcUnqvksa ij ppkZ djuk
pkgrk gw¡] ftuls lEHkor% mldh egkurk dk dqN va'k ?kVrk çrhr gksA mu ij
;Fks"V ppkZ ds i'pkr~ eSa mu dkjukeksa ij vkÅ¡xk] ftuds dkj.k os fo[;kr gSa
vkSj ;g Hkh fn[kkus dk ç;Ru d:¡xk fd os dk;Z iw.kZ leiZ.k] ½tqrk vkSj
dÙkZO;ijk;.krk ds mPp Lrj ij fd, x;s FksA tc ge mudk fpUru djrs gS]a rks
muds prq£nd ekuks mÙkerk&lwpd 'kCnksa dh HkhMÛ&lh tek gks tkrh gSA os bl
dkO; ds cfy"B lcls O;fDr gS]a ckfy ;k dqEHkd.kZ ls Hkh fdlh çdkj voj ughaA
jke ds çfr mudk vuU; vuqjkx Fkk& eulk] okpk] deZ.kk dk;Z djus esa os lnk
rRij jgrs Fks vkSj tks dqN Hkh muds fgr esa gks ldrk Fkk] mldks djus esa lnk
lps"V Fks] pkgs jke us mlds fy;s mUgsa vkns'k fn;k gks ;k ughaA os vR;Ur cqf¼eku
Fks] ea=.kk esa mudk ijke'kZ lnk la;r gksrk FkkA muesa ?kVukvksa dks ?kVus ls igys
gh vuqeku yxkus dh {kerk FkhA egkurk esa vkSj egÙoiw.kZ dk;ks± ds lEiknu esa
dnkfpr~~ dksbZ fojy gh muds fudV igq¡p ldrs gSAa
* ;g fopkj dkfynkl ds vkadyu ls esy [kkrk gS] ftlds vuqlkj foHkh"k.k dk LFkku lqjf{kr gSA nks ;g lc dgus ds i'pkr~] vc tks dqN eSa vkxs dguk tk jgk gw¡] mlds fy,
fpjLFkk;h lREHkksa esa ls ,d ds :i esaA ftlesa nwljs guqeku gSa j?kqoa'k XV. 103 Þdh£rKrEHk};fHkoßA eq>s xÛyr u le>s]a u gh okYehfd dks] ftuds fy, eSa dqN 'kCn dguk pkgw¡xkA
279

,slk djuk esjs fy, /k`"Vrk gh gksxh! eq>s {kek djsa D;ksfa d vfoosdh gksuk mfpr cy dh foLe`fr jgsxh] tc rd dksbZ vU; O;fDr mudks mldh ;kn u fnyk;sxkA
ughaA gesa nksuksa igyqvksa ij fopkj djuk pkfg,A vPNh ckrksa ij Hkh vkSj oLrqr% tks mfpr le; ij] tc mudh 'kfDr dk mi;ksx gksuk pkfg,] os viuh 'kfDr dks
vPNh ugha] mu ij HkhA tc eSua s jke ds Hkh pfj= dk o.kZu fd;k Fkk] eSua s ;g Hkwy tk;sxa As ;fn og dk;Z vR;Ur egÙoiw.kZ gks vkSj dj.kh; gks] rks mlds fy;s ;g
crkus dh /k`"Vrk dh Fkh fd os vusd vk;keksa esa vU; euq";ksa ds leku Fks vkSj vko';d Fkk fd dksbZ vU; O;fDr vkdj mUgsa çsfjr djsA
vusd vkpj.kksa }kjk mUgksua s ;g çn£'kr fd;k fd mudh çÏfr euq"; ds gh Lrj vxLR; ½f"k ls okrkZyki djrs le; ;g ç'u Lo;a jke us fd;k FkkA jke us
ij FkhA eSua s ;g Hkh fn[kk;k fd fdl çdkj os ekuoksfpr nqcy Z rkvksa ij fot; çkIr muls iwNk Fkk] ßeSaus ,slk lquk gS fd guqeku ckfy vkSj lqxzho ls Hkh vf/kd
dj ln~x.q k vkSj lnkpkj ds mPpre f'k[kj ij igq¡p x;sA gesa yxrk gS fd ge cy'kkyh gSAa fQj lqxhz o ds i{k esa gksrs gq, Hkh D;ksa ckfy dks lekIr ugha fd;k
jke ds cgqr fudV gS]a tc gekjk /;ku mudh deTÛkksfj;ksa ij tkrk gSA ge ,d x;k\ ,slk rks lEHkor% cgqr igys gh fd;k tk ldrk FkkAÞ vxLR; eqfu us crk;k
vkn'kZ ds :i es]a ,d çsj.kk ds :i esa ,d mRFkkid 'kfDr ds :i es]a mudh lknj fd guqeku dks D;ksa viuh 'kfDr dk Kku ugha jgrk Fkk] ijUrq ;g iw.kZr;k ;Fks"V
ç'kalk djrs gS]a tc ge ns[krs gSa fd fdl çdkj mUgksua s viuh çÏfr dks nsoRo ds mÙkj ugha FkkA D;k lqxhz o dks bl ckr dk irk ugha Fkk\ mlus mudks ç'kalk djds
Lrj rd mékr fd;k& ;gk¡ rd fd vc ge mudks fnO; foHkwfr;ksa ls fHkék ugha D;ksa ugha çsfjr fd;k\ ckY;dky ls gh os nksuksa ?kfu"B fe= jgs Fks] tSls vfXu vkSj
ekursA ;g mPp ln~pfj= dh gh fo'ks"krk gSA okYehfd us Hkh bl rF; dks iw.kZ :i ok;qA ;g dsoy mlh vleFkZrk ds dkj.k Fkk] tks fd mu ij Fkksi nh xbZ Fkh] fd
ls le> fy;k gSA eSa le>rk gw¡ fd ;gh ckr guqeku ij Hkh ykxw gSA guqeku okuj mudks viuh 'kfDr dh fcYdqy ;kn ugha jghA tc ckfy vkSj lqxhz o esa vucu gks
tkfr ds Fks] tks fd uj tkfr ls dqN voj gSA okuj çÏfr ls gh guqeku brus Å¡ps xbZ vkSj os ,d nwljs ds 'k=q cu x,] ml le; Hkh guqeku us viuh iwjh 'kfDr dk
mBsA bl rF; ls mudh egkurk ds çfr lEeku vkSj Hkh c<Û tkrk gSA tc ge bl çn'kZu ugha fd;k vkSj ckfy dks ugha ekjkA bldk dkj.k ;g Fkk fd os ugha tkurs
rF; dks Lej.k djrs gSa fd çÏfr ls] LoHkko ls] os ,d okuj ;ksfu esa fo|eku FksA Fks fd nksuksa ls os vf/kd cy'kkyhn gSAa os bl ckr ls Hkh vufHkK Fks fd os Lo;a gh
okYehfd ^jkek;.k^ esa ,d ls vf/kd ckj ;g çn£'kr djrs gSa fd ,d egku O;fDr ckfy vkSj lqxhz o ls vf/kd cy'kkyh Fks] u lqxhz o vkSj u gh guqeku bl rF; dks
cu tkus ij Hkh] ,d ;'kLoh dkjukeksa ds drkZ gksus ij Hkh] ;nk&dnk muds uhps tkurs FksA guqeku dh Lej.k 'kfDr dk yksi gks x;k FkkA vktdy bldks
dqy ls gksus ds fpÊ mHkj vkrs gSAa dksbZ cqjh ckr ughaA ge oSls gh gS]a tSlk Hkxoku (amnesia) Le`fr&yksi dh laKk nh tkrh gSA çk;% ge 'kCn vkSj uke Hkwy tkrs gSAa
us gesa cuk;k gS vkSj fodflr gksus fn;k gSA ^jkek;.k* esa guqeku dh vleFkZrk dk mYys[k dsoy viuh 'kfDr ds Lej.k dh
,slk dgk tkrk gS fd ckY;koLFkk esa gh guqeku us viuh 'kfDr dk ijh{k.k pwd ds fy;s gh fd;k x;k gS] ijUrq rhu ;k pkj vU; lUnHkks± esa Hkh bl çdkj dh
Lo;a lw;Z Hkxoku ds fo#¼ fd;k FkkA lw;Z Hkxoku us mu ij çgkj fd;k vkSj mUgsa nqcyZ rk çn'kZu dk ladrs feyrk gSA esjs eu esa dksbZ lUnsg ugha fd dfo dk
uhps TÛkksj ls iVd fn;k FkkA os ,d igkMÛh ij fxj iMÛs vkSj mudk ck¡;k xky fipd vfHkçk; Hkh ;gh gS fd bu lcdks guqeku dh nqcy Z rk ds :i esa le>k tk;sA ijUrq
x;k vkSj blh dkj.k os guqeku dgyk;sA vius firk] ok;q dh fgek;r ls mUgsa eSa ,slk nkok rks ugha djrk fd ,slk le> ysuk lUnsg ds ijs gSAa eSa rks dsoy bruk
nsorkvksa ds vusd ojnku Hkh çkIr gq,A buesa ls ,d ojnku Fkk fdlh Hkh vL= ;k gh tkurk gw¡ fd dbZ vU; voljksa ij Hkh guqeku dh nqcy Z rk çdV gksrh çrhr
'kL= e`R;q çfrj{kk gks vFkkZr~ fdlh Hkh vL=&'kL= }kjk mudh e`R;q ugha gks ldrh gksrh gSA ,d ,slk volj rks fo'ks"k :i ls esjs /;ku esa vk jgk gS] tks blh lUnHkZ
FkhA ckY;koLFkk esa Hkh os brus vuqie cy&lEiék Fks fd os fuMj gksdj ½f"k;ksa ds ls lEcfU/kr gS] tc ckfy vius HkkbZ ds nqjkpj.k ls fp<Û dj] mls ;=&r= [knsMÛ
vkJeksa esa tkdj mRikr epkdj muds ;K&vuq"Bku esa fo?u Mky nsrs FksA dHkh os jgk Fkk] ,d ns'k ls nwljs ns'k rd] lkjh nqfu;k esa mldk cjkcj ihNk dj jgk FkkA
mudh gfo"k b/kj&m/kj fc[ksj nsr]s dHkh vU; mRikrksa }kjk ½f"k;ksa dks mRihfMÛr ml le; lqxhz o ds lkFk mlds vuqpjksa esa dsoy ;s pkj Fksµ guqeku] uy] uhy
djrsA muds ekrk&firk vkrs] mudks le>krs vkSj ;kpuk djrs gq,] ijUrq fQj Hkh vkSj rkjA ckfy] tks viuh vfr'k; lkeF;Z ls ,d leqæ ls nwljs leqæ rd Nykax
mudh ;s cpdkuh gjdrsa pyrh jgrh FkhaA ½f"k&eqfu Hkh ;g tkurs fd os nsoyksd yxk ldrk Fkk] lqxhz o dks idMÛus esa loZFkk vleFkZ jgkA lqxhz o crkrs gSa fd mudks
ds fdrus vf/kd Ïikik= Fks] fpjdky rd os muds mRikr lgrs jgsA fdUrq] bruh foLr`r HkkSxksfyd tkudkjh blh HkkxeHkkx ds nkSjku esa çkIr gqbZ FkhA ,slk
guqeku us mudh lk/kqrk dk vuqfpr ykHk mBk;kA ijUrq tc os vlguh; gks x,] yxrk gS fd lglk guqeku dks dqN Lej.k vk;k] ,d ,slh ckr] ftldh ;kn ;fn
rc ½f"k;ksa us ,d vleFkZrk dk 'kki mUgsa fn;k& og Fkk] fd mudks vius futh mudks igys vk tkrh] rks bruh HkkxnkSMÛ ds d"V dk fuokj.k gks tkrkA mUgsa ;kn

vk x;k fd fdf"dU/kk ds Bhd lkeus fn'kk esa ,d igkMÛh gS] ftldk uke ½";ewd FkkA ,d fu"Bkoku lsod dks D;k djuk pkfg, Fkk\ mldks rks ,slk dguk pkfg,
FkkA fdlh ½f"k dk 'kki Fkk fd ;fn ckfy ;k mlds }kjk Hkstk x;k dksbZ vU; Fkk] ßy{e.k! vki lqxhz o ij dqfir u gks]a bldk nks"kh rks eSa gw¡AÞ mUgsa dqN vkxs
O;fDr ogk¡ vkus dk nqLlkgl djsxk] rks mldh [kksiMÛh lgò VqdMÛkas esa [kafMr gks c<Ûdj djuk pkfg, Fkk] ijUrq mUgksua s ,slk ugha fd;kA nwljh vksj] mUgksua s vius
tk;sxhA igys rks guqeku bl ckr dks loZFkk Hkwy x, FksA lqxhz o jke dks crkrs gSa Lokeh ds gh fo#¼ y{e.k dk leFkZu fd;kA bldk dkj.k D;k gks ldrk Fkk\ ;g
fd lkSHkkX; ls guqeku dks ckn esa bldh ;kn vk xbZ vkSj os lc cp x,A dgk tk ldrk gS fd Jh jke vkSj y{e.k ds çfr guqeku dk vuqjkx bruk vf/kd
,d vU; volj ij Hkh muls pwd gqbAZ vkidks Lej.k gksxk tc geus Fkk fd tc os lqxhz o ij Øq¼ gq,] rks mUgksua s mudk i{k ysrs gq, Lo;a vius Lokeh
y{e.k ds pfj= dk fo'ys"k.k fd;k Fkk*] ge ml n`'; ij vk, Fks] tgk¡ rkjk dh HkRlZuk dj nhA ,d nwljh lQÛkbZ blds fy, ;g gks ldrh gS fd guqeku esa Hkh
y{e.k ls ckr djrh gS vkSj muls dgrh gS] ßvkidks bruk Øks/k djus dh ogh vke deTÛkksjh çn£'kr gksrh gS] tks lkekU;r% gekjs ukSdjksa esa Hkh ns[kus dks
vko';drk ughaA esjs ifr lPpfj= O;fDr gSa vkSj vius fe=ksa ds çfr fu"Bkoku gSAa feyrh gS] tks Lokeh ds Øks/k djus ij] Lo;a Hkh vkSj vf/kd Øq¼ gks tkrs gSAa ijUrq
os vkidh vkSj vkids Hkzkrk dh çlékrk ds fy,] fdf"dU/kk dks] eq>dks vkSj vU; esjs fopkj esa bu ifjdYiukvksa esa ls fdlh ls dke ugha pysxkA eq>s rks ,slk çrhr
lc dqN dks Hkh cfynku dj ldrs gSAa Þ y{e.k dk Øks/k BaMk djds os muls dgrh gksrk gS fd dfo dk vk'k; ;g fn[kkuk gS fd ;g Hkh mu çfØ;kvksa esa ls ,d ogh
gS] ßesjs ifr us vius dÙkZO; dh vogsyuk ugha dh gSA mUgksua s igys gh okuj lsuk Fkh] ftuds }kjk ½f"k;ksa dk 'kki us viuk çHkko çdV fd;kA
dks ,df=r gksus dk vkns'k ns fn;k gSAÞ tc y{e.k us ;g lquk] mUgsa eglwl gqvk ,d vU; LFkku ij guqeku dk Hkh HkqyDdMÛiu vR;Ur egRoiw.kZ gS] tc
fd mUgksua s ,sls 'kCn ç;ksx djus esa dqN tYnckTÛkh dhA ckn esa mUgksua s Hkh [ksn ckfy dk o/k gqvk vkSj rkjk ;q¼LFky ij vkdj foyki djus yxhA fofp= ckr
çdV fd;k fd lqxhz o dks cqjk Hkyk dgus esa mUgksua s xÛyrh dhA tc lqxhz o us viuh rks ;g gqbZ fd ml le; rd ckfy ds çk.k ugha fudys FksA og iMÛk gqvk e`r ds
fo'kky lsuk dks iUægosa fnu ,df=r gksus dk igys vkns'k fn;k Fkk] guqeku dks leku yx jgk FkkA guqeku Hkh ogk¡ vk igq¡pAs os u dsoy ohj vkSj cyoku Fks]
dgk x;k Fkk fd vkns'k ds ikyu esa fdlh çdkj dh Hkwypwd u gksA bu dÙkZO;ksa dk vfirq lkekU; u'oj euq";ksa dh {kerk ls dgha vf/kd cqf¼eku Fks] cMÛs&cMÛs
Hkkj guqeku dks lksia dj vkSj iwjk mÙkjnkf;Ro mudks nsdj lqxhz o us fuf'pr gksdj jktnwrksa ds leku O;ogkj&dq'ky Fks] os okDiVq Hkh FksA fQj Hkh] tc os rkjk dks
vUr%iqj ds fy, çLFkku fd;kA** tc dqfir y{e.k vUr%iqj }kj ij igq¡p]s ogk¡ ns[kus ds fy, vk;s] tks ckfy ds 'kjhj dks xksn esa fy, cSBh Fkh] mUgksua s /;ku ugha
Hkkjh [kycyh ep xbZA lqxhz o guqeku dks mykguk nsrs gq, dgrs gSa fd mUgksua s rks fn;k fd ckfy ds çk.k vHkh ugha fudys FksA dnkfpr~~ ;g xÛyrh HkqyDdMÛiu ds
cgqr igys gh lsuk dks ,df=r djus dk vkns'k nsdj viuk dÙkZO; iwjk dj fn;k dkj.k ugha] vfirq vi;kZIr voyksdu ds dkj.k gqbAZ ;s lc ckrsa muds vk|'kki
FkkA rc guqeku dgrs gS]a ekuks os ,d Å¡ps eap ij p<Ûdj uSfrd dÙkZO; ij Hkk"k.k dh fofo/k vfHkO;fDr;k¡ ek= gh gSAa guqeku rkjk dks le>krs gS]a ßvc vkSj vf/kd
ns jgs gks]a ßvkius jke ds ftl dk;Z dk mÙkjnkf;Ro fy;k Fkk] mldk vc le; vk jksuk&/kksuk O;FkZ gSA okuj jkt ckfy vkt viuh çkjC/k fu£er vk;q dh vof/k iwjh
pqdk gSA vkius lhrk dh [kkst ds fy, tks le; fuf'pr fd;k Fkk] Li"V gS] vki dj pqds gSAa os viuk vfUre ½.k pqdkus pys x;s gSAa vc os ogk¡ ds fy;s çLFkku
bu fnuksa çekn esa iMÛ tkus ds dkj.k] mldks Hkwy x, gSAa blhfy, y{e.k ;gk¡ dj pqds gS]a tgk¡ egku ohj foHkwfr;k¡ tkrh gSAa vc vkxs dk dk;Z ns[kuk gS] vc
vk;s gSAa tks lUns'k jke us ;gk¡ Hkstk gS] og fuLlUnsg dBksj 'kCnksa esa gS] ijUrq vki mldh fpUrk djuh pkfg,A buesa ls ,d gS] vkids iq= vaxn dk vfHk"ksd djukA
Lo;a gh blds fy;s fTÛkEesokj gSAa vijk/k vkidh vksj ls gqvk gSA blfy, vki iq= csVs dks fdf"dU/kk dh jktflagklu ij cSBk ns[kdj vkSj Lo;a dks jktekrk tkudj
vkSj fe=ksa ds lkFk gkFk tksMÛdj eLrd >qdk dj y{e.k dks ç.kke dhft;s vkSj vkidks cgqr larks"k gksxkAÞ Kkr jgs fd tc ls guqeku dk jke vkSj y{e.k ls
viuh çfrKk ij vVy jfg;sA tSls iRuh vius ifr ds o'k esa jgrh gS] mlh çdkj feyu gqvk Fkk] rHkh ls os ;g ;kstuk cuk jgs Fks fd lqxhz o ckfy dk mÙkjkf/kdkjh
vki lnk Jh jke ds v/khu jfg;sAÞ bl le; guqeku Hkwy x, Fks fd lqxhz o viuk cusA ijUrq viuh uSl£xd mnkj ço`fÙk ds dkj.k mUgsa vaxn dk oS/k mÙkjkf/kdkjh
dÙkZO; iwjk dj pqds Fks] vkSj bl rF; dks Hkh Hkwy x, Fks fd bl fo"k; esa nks"kh gksus dk /;ku vk x;kA
O;fDr os Lo;a gh FksA ;fn fu/kkZfjr dk;Z vkxs ugha c<Ûk] mldk nks"k guqeku ij gh losZ fg gfj'kknZwyk% iq='pk;a rok³~xn%A
* nsf[k, v-4, i`-54-55. bna g;Z{kjkT;a p RoRlukFkefufUnrsAA
** nsf[k, v-14, i`-233.
284 jkek;.k ds T;ksfr&LrEHk vëkjgok¡ v/;k; 285

rkfoekS 'kksdlarIrkS 'kuS% çsj; HkkfefuA dksbZ ;g /kkj.kk ugha cuk ldrk fd lqxhz o dsoy ,d {kf.kd fo"kkn ds
Ro;k ifjx`ghrks·;e³~xn% 'kkLrq esfnuhe~AA vkos'k esa cksy jgk FkkA ;s lc lh/ks mlds ân; ds mn~xkj FksA tc jke dks vglkl
laLdk;ksZ gfjjkt'p v³~xn'pkfHkf"kP;rke~A gqvk fd muds }kjk D;k dqN gks x;k] tc mUgksua s rkjk vkSj lqxhz o ds 'kksd dks
flagkluxra iq=a i';fUr 'kkfUres";flAA IV.21.8, 9,11 ns[kk vkSj ;g Hkh ns[kk fd lkjs okuj ml LFky ls fo"kkn vkSj O;Fkk ds dkj.k nwj
ß;s lHkh Js"B okuj] ;s rqEgkjs iq= vaxn rFkk okuj] Hkkyqvksa dk jkT; rqels Hkkx x,] jke Lo;a Hkh nq%[k ls vkØkUr gks x,A ;q¼ esa ,d dkjukes ds os'k esa fd;s
gh lukFk gS] rqEgha bu lc dh Lokfeuh gksA vr% bUgsa mfpr vkns'k nsdj viuk bl fofp= dk;Z dh çpaMrk dk jke dks Hkh vglkl gqvkA fQj D;ksa u ge eku ysa
fu;U=.k LFkkfir djksA ;s vaxn vkSj lqxhz o& nksuksa gh 'kksd lUrIr gSAa rqe bUgsa fd guqeku Hkh larkixzLr gq, gksxa s vkSj mUgksua s lkspk fd mfpr çk;f'pr rks ;gh
Hkkoh dk;ks± ds fy, çsfjr djksA rqEgkjs v/khu jgdj vaxn dk jkT;kfHk"ksd fd;k gksxk fd oS/k mÙkjkf/kdkjh] vaxn dks jkT; lkSia fn;k tk;s\ fdl çdkj guqeku ds
tk;sA csVs dks jkT;flagklu ij ns[kdj vkidks 'kkfUr feysxh vkSj vki ckfy ds fofp= vkpj.k dks le>k tk ldrk gS] tc rd ;g u ekuk tk;s fd ;g lc
fu/ku dks Hkwy tk;sxa hAÞ D;k vki lksp Hkh ldrs gSa lqxhz o ds ?kfu"Bre l[kk }kjk ½f"k;ksa ds 'kki ds dkj.k gh gqvkA mudh uSl£xd Hkkoukvksa us mUgsa vfHkHkwr dj
,sls 'kCn ç;qDr fd;s tk ldrs gS]a ;fn os gks'k&gokl esa gksr\s ;g ,d vkSj fy;k vkSj ml le; os blh çdkj cksy x,] tSls dksbZ vU; n'kZd ogk¡ cksy jgk
volj Fkk tcfd mudh Lej.k 'kfDr dh ,d fofp= pwd gqbAZ rkjk us fQj Hkh gks] u fd og guqeku] tks vkjEHk ls gh lqxzho dk lkFkh jgk Fkk vkSj mlds
cqf¼eÙkk vkSj le>nkjh ls dke fy;kA O;ogkj dq'kyrk esa og guqeku ls Hkh vkxs lkFk&lkFk ckjEckj leLr i`Foh ij nkSMÛ yxk pqdk FkkA ijUrq ;g eku ysus esa Hkh
c<Ûdj fudyhA os guqeku ls cksyha] ßeq>s rks vkidh ckr dqN taph ughaA bl dksbZ gkfu u gksxh fd ml {k.k lpeqp os Hkh] lqxhz o vkSj jke ds leku] ,d
le; vaxn esjs fy, dqN Hkh ugha gS] u gh blds vfHk"ksd ls esjk dksbZ eryc gSA vlkekU; LokHkkfod Hkkoukvksa ls çHkkfor FksA
blds vfrfjDr] ckfy ds fnoaxr gksus ds ckn lqxhz o dk gh mÙkjkf/kdkj gSA eq> ^jkek;.k* esa bl ckr dk vkSj dksbZ Li"Vhdj.k ugha gS vkSj dqN ,slk Hkh ugha
ij] bl jkT; ij vkSj Lo;a vaxn ds HkkX; ij Hkh lqxhz o ç/kku gSAÞ og cMÛh n`<Ûrk gS] tks bl er ds çfrdwy gksA eSa Lo;a ;g ekuus dks rS;kj gw¡ fd dfo dk vk'k;
ls guqeku dk ijke'kZ vLohdkj dj nsrh gSA ;g ,d vU; mnkgj.k gS] tgk¡ gS fd mlds ikB ds vFkZ blh çdkj yxk;s tk;sAa bl ls eSa u rks dfo ds] u gh
guqeku dh O;ogkj dq'kyrk iw.kZr;k vlQy gqbAZ rkjk vkxs dgrh gS] ßvius ohj guqeku ds çfr dksbZ vU;k; dj jgk gw¡A guqeku dh egkurk esa Hkh dksbZ vUrj ugha
ifr dk vkfyaxu gh eq>s vaxn ds leku lkS iq=ksa ls Hkh Js"B tku iMÛrk gSA eSa u iMÛrkA mudh v'kDrrk ds mnkgj.kksa ls] tks fd eSua s çLrqr fd, gS]a lEHkor% ;g
rks okujksa dh Lokfeuh gw¡] vkSj u gh eq>s vaxn ds fy, dqN djus dk vf/kdkj gSA ekuk tk ldrk gS fd bl v'kDrrk ds ihNs vo'; gh dksbZ rF; fQj Hkh gSA
blds pkpk] lqxhz o gh leLr dk;ks± dks djus esa leFkZ gSa vkSj os gh esjh vis{kk
blds vf/kd fudVorhZ Hkh gSAa Þ

blds vkxs ,d iwjk lxZ gS] ftlesa ckfy dh e`R;q ij Lo;a lqxhz o foyki
djrk gSA bl iwjs lxZ esa fu"diVrk dh xw¡t feyrh gS] ftlls çrhr gksrk gS fd og
lpeqp vuqrki ls vfHkHkwr Fkk] tc mls /;ku vk;k fd mldk HkkbZ fdruk egku
Fkk] fdruk 'kfDr'kkyh vkSj dqy feyk dj] mlds fy;s fdruk fgrdkjh FkkA
nwljh vksj mldk viuk O;ogkj mlds çfr fdruk fo'okl?kkrh jgk FkkA og Lo;a
dks nks"kh Bgjkrk gS vkSj dkslrk gS] ßeSa dqy dh gR;k djus okyk nks"kh gw¡A vr,o]
lalkj esa thou /kkj.k djus ;ksX; Hkh ugha gw¡A eSa vius HkkbZ dk lkFk nsus ds fy,
çTTofyr vfXu esa ços'k d:¡xkA ijUrq] Jh jke vki esjs ls ,d lsok dh vis{kk
j[krs gS]a vaxn ml dk;Z dh iw£r dj nsxkA ;s okuj ohj vkidh vkKkuqlkj lhrk
dh [kkst djsxa As esjh e`R;q gksus ij vkidk lc dk;Z fl¼ gks tk;sxkA blfy,] eq>s
çk.k ifjR;kx dh vuqefr nhft,AÞ

vgksfHknZ'kfHk;s± fg ukxPNfUr eekK;kA
gUrO;kLrs nqjkReuks jkt'kklunw"kdk%AA IV.37.10-12
vBkjgok¡ v/;k; ßesjh vkKk ls igys tks egku osx'kkyh okuj Hksts x, gS]a mudks tYnh dke
djus ds fy, çsj.kk fufeÙk iqu% nwljs Js"B okujksa dks HkstksA tks okuj dke Hkksx esa
guqeku Q¡ls gq, gksa rFkk tks nh?kZl=w h vFkkZr~ çR;sd dk;Z foyEc djus okys gks]a mu lHkh
dks ;gk¡ 'kh?kz ys vkvksA tks okuj esjh vkKk ls nl fnu ls Hkhrj ;gk¡ u vk tk;s]a
jktkKk dks dyafdr djus okys mu nqjkRek okujksa dks ekj Mkyuk pkfg,AÞ bl
ckj] iUæg fnu ds ctk; lqxhz o us ykSVdj vkus dh vof/k ?kVk dj nl fnu dj
eSaus lhrk dh [kkst dh rS;kjh ds lUnHkZ esa guqeku ds HkqyDdMÛiu ds çlaxksa dk nh vkSj mUgksua s guqeku dks vkns'k fn;k fd os bl ckr dh tk¡p djsa fd çR;sd
mYys[k fd;k FkkA lEHkor% bl dkO; ds dqN v/;srkvksa us ,slk lkspk gks fd eSua s O;fDr fu;r le; ij vk x;k gS ;k ughaA nwljh ckj] guqeku dks gh lEcksf/kr
dfo dh Hkk"kk dks dqN vf/kd gh [kh¡p&[kk¡p dj vFkZ yxk, gSAa bl lUnsg&fuokj.k djds vkns'k fn;k x;k gS] ßesjs }kjk igys Hksts x;s lUns'k okgdksa dks 'kh?kzrk djus
ds fy,] eSa dqN vkSj 'yksd blh lUnHkZ esa çLrqr d:¡xkA esjk vfHkçk; Fkk fd dk vkns'k fn;k tk;sAÞ lwpuk bl çdkj Fkh % ^çsf"krnwrRoj.kkFkhZfDr% LoL;
lqxzho viuk dÙkZO; dk ikyu dj pqdk Fkk] tc y{e.k us mlds }kj ij çÏrdk;sZ iwoZeos lko/kkurka y{e.kk; |ksrf;rqeA* nwljk vkns'k] ftlesa fu;r
xtZu&rtZu fd;kA lqxhz o dk Hkkjh nks"k ;g Fkk fd og Hkksx&foykl esa bruk cg vof/k dk le; de blfy;s dj fn;k Fkk fd y{e.k ds eu esa ys'kek= Hkh lUnsg
x;k Fkk] tks mlds ukeh l[kk] jke ds fy;s vR;Ur Dys'kdj FkkA vla;e dk nks"kh u jgs vkSj ;g Li"V gks tk; fd lqxhz o bl lEcU/k esa vko';d dk;Zokgh igys gh
gksus ds vfrfjDr] ;g mlds fy, ,d vR;Ur vfoosd dk dk;Z Fkk] ijUrq mlus dj pqdk FkkA vr,o] ;g foyEc guqeku ds HkqyDdMÛ LoHkko ds dkj.k gh gqb]Z
bl ckr dk iwjk&iwjk /;ku j[kk Fkk fd ftl dke dk mÙkjnkf;Ro mlus fy;k Fkk] ftldks vU;Fkk le>uk dfBu gSA bl lEcU/k esa nks vkns'k feyus ij vkSj iwjk
og ;Fkksfpr le; ij lEiék gks tkuk pkfg,A bl ckr dks mldh iRuh] rkjk us mÙkjnkf;Ro lkSia s tkus ds ckn y{e.k dk i{k ysrs gq,] guqeku dks ,slk dguk fd
Li"V :i ls crk;k] tc Øks/k ls mÙksftr y{e.k mlds lkeus vk;sA mlus vius lqxhz o nks"kh Fkk] mudh pwd Fkh] ftlds fy, guqeku dh vksj ls dksbZ lQÛkbZ nsuk
ifr ds fy;s lQÛkbZ is'k dhA tSlk fd eSua s igys crk;k Fkk] ;g mldh odÛkyr lEHko ughaA guqeku ml le; Hkh Le`fryksi ds jksx ls çHkfor gks x, FksA
dkS'ky dk ,d uewuk FkkA vkjEHk esa rks mlus lqxhz o dks nks"kh ekudj {kek ;kpuk vc eSa HkqyDdMÛiu ds ,d vU; çlax ij vkrk gw¡] ijUrq ftlds QyLo:i
dhA mlds i'pkr~ mlus ;g fl¼ dj fn;k fd mldk nks"k fcYdqy ugha FkkA vr% dksbZ fo'ks"k {kfr ugha gqbZ FkhA ;g ,d çfl¼ ?kVuk gS] ftls dfo us Li"V :i ls
mlds fo#¼ dksbZ f'kdk;r ekeyk curk gh ughaA bl lUnHkZ esas xksfoUnjkt dh HkqyDdMÛiu dgk gSA blfy, viuk nkok fl¼ djus ds fy, eq>s dksbZ fo'ks"k
fVIi.kh bl çdkj gS % ç;kl ugha djuk gSA bl ?kVuk dk mYys[k ;q¼ dkaM ds 102osa lxZ esa gSA vkidks
vijk/ke³~xhÑR; lkURof;Rok bnkuha fopk;Zek.ks Lej.k gksxk] tc jko.k us viuk veks?k 'kfDr vL= dks y{e.k ij NksMÛk Fkk] og
vijk/k ,o ukLrhR;kgAA IV.35.10,11 y{e.k ds o{kLFky esa tkdj vVd x;kA y{e.k ewfNZr gksdj /kjk'kk;h gks x,]
ftlls lEiw.kZ okuj lsuk 'kksdlUrIr gks xbZ& fo'ks"k :i ls muds HkkbZ vR;Ur
vijk/k dks Lohdkj djus ls y{e.k dks 'kkUr dj mlus dgk fd vc fopkj
'kksdkdqy gks x,A 'kksdlUrIr jke ds eu esa ml le; rjg&rjg ds fujk'kktud
djus ds fy;s dksbZ vijk/k gS gh ughaA rRi'pkr~ lqxhz o y{e.k dh mifLFkfr esa
fopkj vk jgs FksA ml le; ogk¡ ,d lq"ksu uked o;kso`¼ okuj] ftudks eSus
nqckjk guqeku dks vkns'k nsrk gSA
^f}rh; tkEcoku* dk uke fn;k Fkk] ftudks vkS"kf/k;ksa dk dqN Kku Fkk] mifLFkr
çsf"krk% çFkea ;s p e;k nwrk egktok%A FksA mudks çfl¼ vkjksX;dj lathodj.kh ioZr ij mxus okyh cwfV;ksa dk Lej.k
Roj.kkFk± rq Hkw;Lroa gjhUlaç"s k;kijku~AA vkrk gS vkSj os guqeku ls vius djrc dks] ftldk fooj.k eSa mfpr LFkku ij
;s çlDrk'p dkes"kq nh?kZlw=k'p okujk%A nw¡xk] iqu% fn[kkus dks dgrs gSAsa lq"ks.k }kjk x;s C;ksjks ds vuqlkj] mu cwfV;ksa dk
bgku;Lo rku~ lokZu´~ 'kh?kza rq ee 'kklukr~AA iwjk&iwjk fooj.k Hkh fn;k x;k Fkk] ftlls ,d O;fDr ftlus mu tMÛh cwfV;ksa dks
286

,d ckj igys ns[kk gqvk Fkk] mudks rqjUr igpku ysA fcuk fdlh fo'ks"k ifjJe ds vkns'k dh voKk djrsA esjk rks vuqeku ;g gS fd Hkjr ls feydj vkSj mudks
guqeku Nykax yxkdj ml ioZr ij rks igq¡p x;s] ijUrq tc os ioZr f'k[kj ij lEiw.kZ o`ÙkkUr lqukdj] mudk efLr"d dqN vU; fopkjksa ls vksrçksr gks x;kA
[kkst djus yxs] rks os mu vkS"kf/k;ksa dk Bhd&Bhd o.kZu Hkwy x,A b/kj&m/kj dnkfpr~~ mUgksua s cgqr dqN ns[kk vkSj lEHkor% Hkjr esa fdlh ckr us mudks
[kkstus ij Hkh] os mu cwfV;ksa dh igpku djusa esa vleFkZ jgsA mUgksua s ;kn djus dk bruk çHkkfor fd;k fd lkSia s x, dÙkZO; dk /;ku muds efLr"d ds Hkhrj iw.kZr%
ç;kl fd;kA dfo us bl fLFkfr dk o.kZu ik¡p&Ng 'yksdksa esa fd;k gSA guqeku yqIr gks x;kA ijUrq ;g rF; loZFkk mlds vuqdy w gh gS] ftls ge guqeku dh
dgrs gS]a ßvc eSa D;k d:¡\ eSa mlh oLrq dks Hkwy x;k] ftls ysus ;gk¡ vk;k gw¡A detksÛjh ds uke ls tku pqds gSAa ;gk¡ eq>s dguk iMÛrk gS fd bl lUnHkZ esa ml
D;k eSa Nykax yxkdj lq"ks.k ds ikl fQj tkÅ¡\Þ rRi'pkr~ mUgsa Lej.k vk;k fd fo[;kr Vhdkdkj us] ftldk vuqlj.k ge çk;% djrs vk;s gS]a dqN ,slk vFkZ fd;k
,d ckj igys Hkh os lEiw.kZ igkMÛh mBk ys x, FksA cwVh dh igpku djuk rks lq"ks.k gS] ftldks le>us esa eSa vleFkZ gw¡A muds }kjk fd;k x;k vFkZ ekU; gks gh ugha
dk dke gS] ;g lkspdj os igkMÛh dks fgykrs gSa vkSj og m[kMÛ vkrh gS] mls ysdj ldrkA muds vuqlkj] guqeku dks ykSVus vkSj lwpuk miyC/k djkus dk dksbZ n`<Û
os vk tkrs gSAa lq"ks.k cwVh dk jl fudky dj y{e.k dks lq¡?kk nsrs gSAa y{e.k gks'k vkns'k ugha FkkA mUgas Hkjr vkSj mudh eu% fLFkfr dh tk¡p nks oSdfYid n`f"Vdks.kksa
esas vk tkrs gSAa fofp= ckr ;g gS fd bl volj ij dfo ;g ugh crkrk fd ls djuh Fkh vkSj muesa ls ;fn dsoy ,d fodYi gh fuf'fpr gks] rc gh mudks
guqeku igkMÛh dks okil mlh dh mi;qDr txg ij ys x;sA ,slk yxrk gS] D;ksfa d ykSVdj jke dks lwfpr djuk FkkA blls rks dsoy Vhdkdj dh mRlqdrk gh çnf'kZr
og Loa; bls Hkwy x;kA gksrh gS] ;g fn[kkus ds fy, fd guqeku fdlh Hkwypwd ds nks"kh ugha FksA os jke ds
blds vfrfjDr] dFkk esa nks vU; lUnHkZ Hkh gSAa oSls rks dFkk esa mudk dksbZ 'kCnksa dk ;g fofp= vFkZ yxkrs gSAa guqeku dks bl ckr dh tk¡p djuh Fkh fd
fo'ks"k egRo ugha gSA esjs fopkj eas dfo dk vk'k; guqeku ds HkqyDdMÛiu ds vkSj Hkjr ds eu esa Lo;a jktk cuus dh bPNk us rks tUe ys fy;k gSA ;g Li"V vFkZ
uewuksas dks çLrqr djuk gSA fp= dks iw.kZ djus ds fy,] eSa mudks Hkh çLrqr d:¡xkA yxkus dh ctk;] Vhdkdj xksfoUnjkt dk dFku gS fd jke dk vfHkçk; ;g Fkk]
dnkfpr~~ vkidks Lej.k gksxk] tc eSa Hkjr ds pfj= dk o.kZu dj jgk Fkk] eSua s Þtc eSa ogk¡ tkdj Hkjr ls feyw¡xk] rks esjk bjknk gS fd Hkjr dks jkT; lkSia dj
mYys[k fd;k Fkk fd v;ks/;k ykSVrs le; ogk¡ igq¡pus ls iwo]Z fdlh Hkh lkekU; mlls jktk cuus dks dgw¡A og jkT; dks xzg.k djs ;k u djsA eSa ugha tkurk fd
O;fDr ds leku] jke ds eu esa Hkh dqN lUnsg gqvk fd dgha ,slk rks ugha fd muds tc eSa LosPNk ls bl HksVa dks çLrqr d:¡xk] Hkjr bls lg"kZ Lohdkj djsxk vFkok
HkkbZ] Hkjr dks jktoSHko ds çfr dgha dqN vf/kd yxko gks x;k gksA blfy, vLohdkj dj nsxkA ;fn og vLohdkj dj nsrk gS] rks rqEgsa ykSVdj vkus dh
okLrfod fLFkfr dh Vksy ysus ds fy, mUgksua s guqeku dks igys ls HkstkA mudks vko';drk ughaA ijUrq ;fn mldk eu Lohdkj djus dh vksj gks] rks eq>s vkdj
vkns'k Fkk fd tc rd jke v;ks/;k dh vkSj dqN vkxs c<aÛ]s rc rd guqeku ykSV lwfpr djukAß bl çdkj os jke ds 'kCnksa dh O;k[;k djrs gSAa ijUrq vFkZ fu.kZ;
vkdj mUgsa Hkjr dh eu%fLFkfr ds fo"k; esa lwpuk nsAa * ;FkkFkZ es]as vc ;g gksrk gS loZFkk Ïf=e gSA tgk¡ rd guqeku dk lEcU/k gS] muds fy, ;g lQÛkbZ Li"V gS
fd guqeku fufnZ"V LFkku ij] tgk¡ ykSVdj vkus dks dgk x;k Fkk] os vk;s gh ughaA fd tc os jke ds HkkbZ ls feys] ftuds fo"k; esa os cgqr dqN lqu pqds Fks] os ml
os Hkjr ds ikl gh Bgj x, vkSj Hkjr ds lkFk gh vxokuh ds le; vk;sA bl {k.k brus Hkko&foHkksj gks x;s fd lc dqN Hkwy x,A
çdkj xksiuh; ckrphr dk volj feyk gh ughaA mudks rks Hkstk x;k Fkk fd os ,d çlax vkSj gS] ftldk le>kuk dnkfpr~~ vkSj Hkh vklku gSA bldh vkSj
Hkjr ds gko&Hkko dh tk¡p djs]a lkjk o`ÙkkUr lqukus ds i'pkr~ Hkjr dh çfrfØ;k esjk /;ku gj ckj tkrk gS] tc eSa bl dkO; dks i<Ûrk gw¡A tc guqeku Hkjr ls
ij /;ku nsa vkSj ns[ksa fd fdlh çdkj dh v/khjrk rks çnf'kZr ugha djrs] mudh tks feys] mUgkaus s lh/kh&lknh Hkk"kk esa lEiw.kZ dFkkud dg lquk;k] tc ls jke] lhrk
Hkkouk jke ds çfr gS] mldks tkuus dk ç;Ru djsAa guqeku ykSVdj D;ksas ugha vkSj y{e.k Hkjr ls fcNqMÛs FksA Hkjr Hkh lc o`ÙkkUr lfoLrkj tkuuk pkgrs FksA
vk,\ bl ç'u ij mudk /;ku x;k gS] ftUgksua s iwoZ esa bl dkO; dk v/;;u ikB esa o`ÙkkUr mlh :i esa gS] tSlk guqeku us lquk;k FkkA bl fooj.k esa ,d vge~
fd;k gS] tcfd mUgsa Li"V :i ls vkns'k fn;k x;k Fkk fd os Hkjr ls feydj YkkSV ?kVuk dk foyksiu] ftldk dkj.k Hkh Li"V ugha gS& og gS] lhrk dh vfXuijh{kk]
vk;sAa fQj Hkh mUgksua s ,slk D;ksa ugha fd;k\ os bl çdkj ds lsod ugha Fks] tks ftldks] jko.k ds uk'k ds ckn] cspkjh lhrk dks >syuk iMÛk FkkA esjs fopkj esa ;g
,d lk/kkj.k lh ckr ugha gS fd ,d vR;Ur egÙoiw.kZ çlax dks NksMÛ fn;k x;k]
* nsf[k, (VI.128.12-17) v-8, i`-113. ftl ij dFkkud cgqr dqN fuHkZj gSAa guqeku mldk mYYks[k djuk dSls Hkwy x,\

D;k ;g dsoy HkqyDdMÛiu dh gh ,d ?kVuk Fkh\ lEHkor% os Hkjr dks ,d ,slh dj nhA fdUrq] vR;f/kd nq%[k ls vfHkHkwr gksus ij Hkh mls efgyk dk fnekxÛ Bhd
ckr crkuk pkgrs Fks] ftlls muds eu esa ,sls Hkko tkxzr gks ldrs Fks] tks vius fBdkus ij Fkk] og vkRela;e fcYdqy ugha [kks cSBh FkhA og dgrh gS] ß,slk mfpr
HkkbZ ds çfr LohdkjkRed ugha gksrAs ;fn ;g ckr Fkh] rks gesa dguk iMsÛxk fd ugha gksxkA gekjs bl ekeys esa ckfy ds i'pkr~ lqxhz o dks gh lc dqN ysus dk
guqeku Hkjr ds çfr vR;f/kd laons u'khy Fks fd ;g ân;fonkjd ?kVuk muds vf/kdkj gS (eSa le>rk gw¡ fd mldk vk'k; Fkk] fd jkT; vkSj Lo;a rkjk ij Hkh
dkuksa rd u igq¡psA çk;% ge lHkh bl çdkj dh xÛyrh dj cSBrs gSaA rFkkfi lqxhz o dk gh vf/kdkj gS)A vr,o] vaxn ds fo"k; ij Hkh QÛl S yk lqxhz o dks gh
lkekU; O;ogkj i¼fr ;gh gS fd fdlh ekeys dk lkQÛ&lkQÛ [kqyklk djus ds djuk gS] eq>s ughaAÞ fdruh vlk/kjk.k] vkSj çfrHkklEiék efgyk Fkh] og! eSua s mls
ctk;] ge ,slk çnf'kZr djsa ekuks dqN gqvk gh ugha] tc rd fd mldk Hksn Lo;a ,d ckj çkphu iksf'kZ;k (Portia) dh laKk nh FkhA
gh [kqy u tk;sA ge nwljksa dks vfç; lekpkj crkuk ilUn ugha djrs] tc rd mudk vU; vlQyrk Hkh nsus ;ksX; gSA ;g çlax ml le; dk gS] tc
mlds dkj.k ,d fo"ke fLFkfr mifLFkr ugha gksrh vkSj og Lo;a gh çdV ugha gks lhrk dh [kkst djrs&djrs mudh Vksyh Lo;açHkk dh xqQk esa igq¡p xbZ Fkh vkSj ogk¡
tkrh gSA ;fn ;gh ckr gS] rks ,slk djuk dsoy ,d lkekU; lh detksÛjh gS] tks os ml xqQk esa miyC/k dUn&ewy&Qy [kkus esa O;Lr gksus ds dkj.k dqN vf/kd
yksxksa dks [kqydj iwjh ckr crkus esa #dkoV Mkyrh gSA le; yxkus ds nks"kh cu x,A bl çdkj ,d ekl dh vof/k] tksfd lqxhz o us mUgsa
vHkh rd eSua s guqeku ds fo"k; esa mUgha çlaxksa dk mYys[k fd;k gS] tks esjs nh Fkh] og lekIr gks xbZ vkSj os ml vof/k esa ykSVus ls pwd x,A tc os guqeku
fopkj esa U;wukf/kd rhoz HkqyDdMÛiu ds mnkgj.k gS]a fdUrq buds vfrfjDr dqN lfgr ckgj vk,] os lqxhz o }kjk fu/kkZfjr e`R;qnMa ds Hkkxh cu pqds FksA vaxn us
vU; ckrsa Hkh gS]a ftudk mYys[k eSa djuk pkgw¡xkA eSa mudh nks lqLi"V vlQyrkvksa lq>ko fn;k fd okujksa ds fy, miokl dj çk.k R;kx djuk gh mfpr jgsxkA bl
dk igys gh mYys[k dj pqdk gw¡A mudh ;ksX;rk] mudh O;ogkj dq'kyrk vkSj ij vaxn ds ekek] rkj us lq>ko fn;k fd os lc ogha #d tk;sa vkSj ,dckj fQj
yksxksa ds le{k fdlh i{k dks çLrqr djus dh mudh {kerk loZLohÏr FkhA fQj Hkh Lo;açHkk dh xqQk esa tkdj] ogk¡ dh lq[k lkexzh dk vkuUn ysAa rkj dh ckr vaxn
ge ns[krs gSa fd nks egRoiw.kZ ekeyksa esa os vlQy jgsA ,d rks tc mUgksua s vaxn ds Hkh vuqdy w Fkh vkSj okujksa dks Hkh t¡phA vaxn ds ihNs #dus dk lq>ko guqeku
ds vfHk"ksd ds fy;s rkjk dh LohÏfr çkIr djus dk ç;kl fd;kA vkidks Lej.k us ,d fpUrktud vFkZ esa fy;kA os lkspus yxs] ß;fn vaxn ;gk¡ #d tkrk gS vkSj
gksxk fd eSua s dqN 'yksd çLrqr fd;s Fks] ftuesa mUgksua s Li"V :i ls rkjk dks 'kksd cgqr ls okuj Hkh #d tkrs gS]a rks bl çdkj QwV iMÛus ij cgqr ls okuj vaxn dk
R;kx dj mB cSBus dk fuosnu fd;k Fkk vkSj dgk Fkk fd og /kS;Z /kkj.k dj vaxn lkFk nsxa As fQj dkSu mls ml HkwHkkx dk jktk cuus es jksd ldsxk] tks vc rd
dks jkT; nsdj mldh ns[kHkky djsAa eSus bl ckr dk irk yxkus dk ç;kl fd;k] lqxhz o ds vf/kdkj esa Fkk\ lqxhz o dk jkT; foHkDr gks tk;sxkA lEHko gS fd vaxn
nwljs lxks± ls] fd bl volj ij blh ?kVuk us lqxhz o vkSj vU; yksxksa dks fdl lqxhz o ds fy;s daVd cu tk;AÞ ,slh laHkkouk guqeku ds eu esa mn; gqbAZ vUrr%
çdkj çHkkfor fd;k\ lEHkor% mUgsa Hkh ,slk yxk fd ,d Hkh"k.k Hkwy gks xbZ gS] tks os viuh O;ogkj dq'kyrk dk iwjk mi;ksx djrs gq, vaxn ls dgrs gSa fd mudk ?kj
yxHkx ,d vijk/k ds leku gSA vr,o] mUgsa yxk fd blls mRiék gksus okys ykSVuk gh mfpr gksxkA os dgrs gS]a ßeSa lqxhz o dks cgqr le; ls tkurk gw¡] og
ifj.kkeksa fu"çHkkfor djus ds fy;s dqN djuk vko';d gSA ifj.kkeksa esa lcls vge~ rqEgkjk dksbZ vfgr ugha djsxkAÞ rRi'pkr~ cMÛh prqjkbZ ls os dgrs gS]a ß;s dfi
ç'u Fkk] ckfy ds mÙkjkf/kdkj dkA guqeku dks dqN ,slk yxk fd lqxhz o esa dqN yksx lnk ls papyfpÙk gksrs gS]a budk dksbZ Hkjkslk ughaA vkf[Ûkj] gSa rks lc okujA
lPpkbZ Fkh] tc mUgksuas ;g bPNk O;Dr dh Fkh fd vius HkkbZ ds mijkUr mUgsa ;s dksbZ Hkh lqxzho ls fojks/k djds rqEgkjs çfr vuqjDr ugha gks ldrsA vius
jktk cuuk ugha pkfg,A eSua s ,d 'yksd i<Ûdj Hkh fn;k Fkk] ftlesa Lo;a jke dks L=h&iq=ksa ls vyx jgdj rqEgkjh vkKk ikyu djuk muds fy;s vlá gksxkAÞ
viuh vk¡[kksa ls bu d#.k n`';ksa dks ns[kdj ,slk yxk fd okrkoj.k esa dqN ,slk ijUrq] vaxn muds lq>ko dks vulquh djrk gSA og dgrk gS] ßeSa vius pkpk dk
Fkk] tks fd fdlh Hkwy dk ifj.kke FkkA nq%[k ls vkrqj gks dj lqxhz o ds opu lqudj #[Ûk viuh rjQÛ vPNh çdkj ls tkurk gw¡A os Hkwys ugha gSa fd eSa ckfy dk iq= gw¡A
vU;ksa us leku Jh jke ds us=ksa esa Hkh vk¡lw Hkj vk;s vkSj {k.k Hkj ds fy;s vkdqy blds vfrfjDr ;qojkt in ij Hkh mUgkaus s esjk vfHk"ksd ugha fd;kA vuk;kl gh Jh
gks dj ekSu jg x,A ;fn lqxhz o dh Hkkouk,¡ fu"diV Fkh] rks eSua s rdZ çLrqr fd;k jke us gh ml in ij esjk vfHk"ksd fd;k gSA muls vkSj D;k vk'kk dh tk ldrk
Fkk fd guqeku dks vglkl gqvk gksxk fd ckfy ds o/k ds i'pkr~ vaxn dks gh Fkh\Þ bruk dgdj vaxn ej.kkUr miokl ij cSB x,A vU; okujksa us Hkh vaxn dks
mÙkjkf/kdkjh gksuk pkfg,] u fd lqxhz o dksA blhfy, mUgksua s rkjk ls bldh ppkZ pkjksa vkSj ls ?ksj fy;k vkSj vkej.k miokl dk fu'p; fd;kA ;g ,d vU;

mnkgj.k gS] tgk¡ guqeku viuh O;ogkj dq'kyrk vkSj dwVuhfrKrk esa vlQy /kkj.k dj ysrk gw¡] ;s ns[k ysAÞ os ml o`{k ds uhps dwns vkSj lhrk ds eu esa fo'okl
jgs] og Hkh ,d vaxn tSls Nksdjs ds çfrA ;g lc fdf"dU/kk dkaM ls gSA mRiék djus ds fy, fd okLro esa os cyoku vkSj 'kfDr'kkyh gS] bl çdkj gksus dh
vc eSa vxys dkaM ij vkrk gw¡A eSa mYys[k dj jgk gw¡] dsoy vU; çlaxks os <hax ugha ekj jgs Fks] mUgksuas vius 'kjhj dks c<Ûkuk vkSj vius okLrfod vkdkj
dk] tgk¡ bl egku O;fDr dh ekuh gqbZ prqjkbZ Hkh lQy u gks ikbZA tc os lhrk dks /kkj.k djuk vkjEHk fd;kA ckr gh ckr esa mudk 'kjhj es# ioZr ds leku
ds lkFk okrkZyki dj jgs Fks] lhrk vius dksey vkSj dk#f.kd <ax ls (tks ikBdksa Å¡pk gks x;kA rRi'pkr~ os lhrk ls cksy]s ßnsfo! vki eq>s D;k le>rh gS\a vki
dks Hkh #yk nsrk gS) mudks og lc dqN crkrh gS] tks dqN mUgas v'kksd okfVdk lksprh gSa fd vki vius dksey 'kjhj dk mÙkjnkf;Ro FkksMÛh nsj ds fy;s eq>s lkSia
çokl esa >syuk iMÛ jgk gSA chp&chp esa og viuh vk'kadk O;Dr djrh gSA D;k ugha ldrh\ eq> esa lEiw.kZ yadk dks m[kkMÛ nsus dh {kerk gSA eSa ioZr] ou]
muds fy, thfor jgdj] mu nksuksa egku Hkkb;kas ds fy, fpUrk dk fo"k; cuk vêkfydk] pgkj nhokjh lfgr bl yadkiqjh dks] blds lc L=h] iq#"k vkSj jko.k
jguk mfpr gS\ D;k lcls vPNh ckr ;g ugha gksxh fd os vius thou dk vUr lfgr leqæ ds ml ikj ys tk ldrk gw¡] vkidh vk'kadk O;FkZ gSAÞ fuLlUnsg blesa
djds bu lcdks ijs'kkuh ls eqDr dj ns\ og ç'u djrh gS]a ßfdl çdkj esjs ifr guqeku dh vksj ls vfrjatuk FkhA eSa vkidks crk nw¡] tSlk fd vk/kqfud le; esa Hkh
vkSj muds Hkzkrk leqæ dks ikj dj ldsxa \s fdl çdkj\ D;k okuj lsuk esjs ladV gksrk gS] tc dksbZ O;fDr ;ks¼k ds :i esa j.k{ks= esa inkiZ.k djrk gS] mls Lo;a
ds le; esa esjh lgk;rk ds fy;s vk igq¡p ldrh gS\Þ guqeku vf/kd lgu u dj gks'k ugha gksrk fd og fdruk ;FkkFkZ dh lhek ds Hkhrj jg ldrk gSA ,slk Hkh ugha
ldsA mUgkaus s lkgl tqVk dj fuosnu fd;k Fkk] ßvki bruk d"V D;ksa Hkksx jgh gS\a gS fd mldk bjknk vius 'kCnksa dk okLrfod vFkZZ dk gksrk gS] vkSj u gh foi{kh
eSa vkidh lsok esa gw¡] cyoku vkSj 'kfDr'kkyhA ftl çdkj eSa ;gk¡ vk;k gw¡] mlh mlds 'kCnksa dks egÙo nsrk gSA Lo;a vius dks yMÛkbZ ds fy;s mdlkus ds fy, og
çdkj tk Hkh ldrk gw¡A oSls Hkh vki bruh gYdh&QqYdh gSAa ;fn vki esjh ihB ij dqN ÅViVkax 'kCnksa dk ç;ksx djrk gSA ;g nkok djus ds fy;s fd muds ikl Hkkjh
cSB tk;a]s rks vxys {k.k vki vius ifr ds lkFk gksxa hA bl Dys'k] fpUrk vkSj fo/oal ds ;a= gS]a os loZ'kfDreku gS vkSj 'k=q ds NDds NqMÛk ldrs gSAa guqeku ds
fo"kkn dks R;kx nhft,A ;g dk;Z rks esjs fy, g¡lh [ksy gSAÞ vki ;kn j[ksa fd dksbZ 'k=q rks ugha Fkk] vfirq dqN vkykspd vo'; FksA vr,o] mUgksua s Hkh dqN ckras
guqeku ml le; dsoy ,d fcYyh ds vkdkj ds FksA mUgksua s lhrk dh [kkst esa c<Ûk p<Ûk dj dhaA vc lhrk ds fy;s ;g dgus dh xqt a k;'k ugha Fkh fd os dsoy
lEiw.kZ yadk Nku ekjh FkhA dksbZ O;fDr mUgsa igpku u ys] bl fy;s mUgksua s mruk ,d lk/kkj.k okuj FksA os tku xb± fd os fdrus 'kfDr'kkyh FksA vc mUgsa guqeku
NksVk :i /kkj.k dj fy;k FkkA tc mUgksua s lhrk dks viuh ihB ij cSBkddj ys dh okLrfod 'kfDr dk Kku gks x;kA fQj Hkh mUgksua s mudk (guqeku) vuqjks/k
tkus dk lq>ko fn;k] rks fu'p; gh lhrk dks gkL;kLin yxkA ,d 'kkyhu efgyk Vkyus ds fy, nwljk rdZ çLrqr fd;k] D;ksfa d vf/kdka'k fL=;ksa ds leku] os cMÛh
gksus ds ukrs] os dsoy mudh ckr ij eqLdjk nhaA prqj FkhaA os dgus yxh] ßeq>s gj dj ys tk;h tkrh gqbZ ns[kdj nqjkRek jko.k dh
guqeu~ nwje/okua dFka eka oks<fq ePNflA vkKkuqdy w ;s jk{kl rqEgkjk ihNk djsxa As ikuh ds Åij gh rqEgsa la?k"kZ djuk iMÛxs kA
dFka okYi'kjhjLRoa ekferks usrfq ePNflA ;g ,d cMÛh ukÛtd q ifjfLFkfr gksxhA rqe Hkh jk{klksa }kjk ijkftr fd, tk ldrs
rnso [kyq rs eU;s dfiRoa gfj;wFkiAA V.37.31,32 gksA fdlh Hkh ;q¼ dk ifj.kke vfu'pr gksrk gS (cMÛs vk'p;Z dh ckr gS fd ,d
ßguqeku! rqe brus nwj ekxZ ij eq>s dSls ys pyuk pkgrs gks\ rqEgkjs bl L=h O;kid :i ls ;q¼ ds lEcU/k esa ,d lkekU;kuqeku ij igq¡p ldrh gS)A ;fn
nqLlkgl dks eSa okujksfpr piyrk gh le>rh gw¡AÞ bl çdkj fouksniw.kZ fVIi.kh ;g eku Hkh fy;k tk;s fd rqe eq>s fy, gq,] cMÛh prqjkbZ ls cp fudy ldrs gks]
djds og dgs fcuk u jg ldhA ßeq>s yxrk gS] tSls rqe eq>s nh[k jgs gks lpeqp fQj Hkh rqEgkjs lkFk u py ldus dk dkj.k ,d vkSj Hkh gSA ifr HkfDr dh n`f"V
oSls gh gksA rqEgkjk 'kjhj rks cgqr NksVk gS] fQj rqe eq>s esjs Lokeh ds ikl ys tkus j[k dj ;g mfpr u gksxk fd tkucw> dj LosPNk ls vFkkZr~ vius ladYi ls eSa
dh bPNk dSls djrs gks\Þ vius ifr ds vfrfjDr fdlh nwljs iq#"k dk Li'kZ d:¡A eq> ls ,slk ugha gks
lhrk dh ckr lqudj guqeku dks dqN [kh> eglwl gqbAZ mUgsa vglkl gqvk ldrkA rqe iwN ldrs gks] *D;k jko.k us vkids 'kjhj dk Li'kZ ugha fd;k Fkk\^ gk¡]
fd thou esa igyh ckj mUgsa ,slk ?kksj frjLdkj feykA mUgksua s vius eu esa dgk mlus fd;k Fkk] ijUrq ml le; eSa vleFkZ vkSj cscl Fkh] D;k djrh\ vkSj mlus
vkSj lkspus yxs] ßlhrk esjs cy vkSj çHkko dks ugha tkurhaA eq>s ;g fn[kkuk gS fd TÛkcjnLrh eq>s Li'kZ fd;kA vc rqe dgrs gks fd LosPNk ls eSa rqEgkjh ihB ij lokj
okLro esa eSa rqPN fcYyh ugha gw¡A blfy, vkt esjs bl :i dks] ftls eSa bPNkuqlkj gks tkÅ¡\ bu nksuksa ifjfLFfr;ksa esa cgqr vUrj gSA D;k ;g esjs ifr ds fy, mfpr

gksxk fd jko.k }kjk eq>s x¡okdj] os ilan djaxs s fd eSa pksjh pksjh muds ikl igq¡pk pqds Fks] rc Hkkjh fot;ksYykl ls Jh jke us guqeku }kjk lhrk ds ikl lUns'k Hkstk
nh tkÅ¡\ mu dks Lo;a ;gk¡ vkdj jk{klksa lfgr] lifjokj jko.k dks u"V djds fd os vc cfUnuh ugha jghaA yadk ds jkT;in ij vc foHkh"k.k dk jkT;kfHk"ksd gks
yksd dks fn[kk nsuk pkfg, fd dksbZ Hkh O;fDr jke dh egkurk vFkok xkSjo dks pqdk gSA vr,o] vc os ,d LorU= efgyk gSAa ;g lekpkj ysdj vfr g"kksYZ yflr
viekfur djus dh ?k`"Vrk djds vnafMr ugha jg ldrkA rRi'pkr~ gh esjs m¼kj guqeku Qwys ugha lek jgs FksA os brus vf/kd vkufUnr gksdj ;g lekpkj lqukrs
dh ckr gksuh pkfg,A rqe rks eq>s dsoy mlh çdkj ys tkuk pkgrs gks] ftl çdkj gSa fd lhrk Hkh] tks mudh cksyh ls vuH;Lr ugha Fkha] dqN fofLer jg tkrh gSAa os
jko.k eq>s ;gk¡ yk;k FkkA ;gh muds xkSjo ds vuq:i gksxk fd os ;gk¡ vk;s]a vius Loxr dgrh gS]a ß;g guqeku cgqr ckrwuh gSAÞ bl lekpkj dks ikdj ftldh
'k=qvksa dk] fo'ks"kdj jko.k dk uk'k djds] fot;h cudj eq>s okil ?kj ys tk;sAÞ vk'kk ls os thfor Fkha] vkuUn foHkksj gksdj guqeku ls os dgrh gS]a ßohjoj! rqEgkjh
guqeku Hkyh Hkk¡fr le> x, fd ;s ckrsa igys mudh cqf¼ esa ugha vkbZ FkhA lhrk ok.kh mÙke y{k.kksa ls lEiék] ek/kq;Z xq.k ls foHkwf"kr] cqf¼ ds v"V vaxksa ls vyaÏr
ds ,sls opu lqudj] mUgsa cMÛh çlékrk gqbZ vkSj os cksy]s ßvkids ;s opu jke dh gSA ftrus Hkh yksxksa dks eSa tkurh gw¡] muesa ls ,slh ok.kh dsoy vki gh cksy ldrs
iRuh ds vuw:i gSAa vkidk dguk fcYdqy ;qfDr ;qDr gSA vkidh ;g ckr ukjh gSAa Þ fdruk lqUnj migkj Fkk ;g] tks mUgsa lhrk ls çkIr gqvk! dksbZ Hkh D;k dqN
LoHkko rFkk ifrozrk dh fou; 'khyrk ds vuq:i gSA eSa vkidh ljkguk djrk gw¡ nsus ds fy, rS;kj ugha gksrk] lhrk ls ,slh ç'kfLr ikus ds fy,\ gesa guqeku ls
vkSj iw.kZr;k lger Hkh gw¡A ;g Bhd ckr gS fd vkids eu esa ,slh vk'kadk gS fd bZ";kZ ugha gksuh pkfg,A tSls egku csdu (Bacon) dgrs gS]a * bZ";kZ ,d ,slh Hkkouk
dgha 'k=q ds jk{kl eq> ij VwV u iMÛAas og okLro esa fujk/kÛkj ugha gSA D;k lalkj gS] tks ge ân; esa latks, j[krs gS]a dsoy mUgha ds çfr] tks fd U;wukf/kd gekjs gh
esa dksbZ ,slh vU; ukjh gS] tks ladV dh pje lhek ij igq¡pkbZ tkus ij Hkh dgsxh] leku gksrs gSaA D;k dksbZ lk/kkj.k O;fDr baXySaM ds lezkV~ vFkok vejhdk ds
*eSa rqEgkjs lkFk ugha tk ldrhA eSa çrh{kk d:¡xh ,d mfpr] pkgs foyfEcr gh] jk"Vªifr :TÛkoSYV ls bZ";kZ dj ldrk gS\ bruk cMÛk] bruk egku ;g migkj ikdj
ijUrq lEekuiwod Z eqfDr dhA^ vkius lc dqN bl <ax ls dgk fd ftldks lqudj fd ftlds ln`'k dHkh fdlh ds fy, ?kksf"kr ugha fd;k x;k] guqeku dk ân; xoZ
jke dks g"kZ gksxk vkSj os vki ij xoZ eglwl djsxa As fo'okl jf[k,] eSa iwjk&iwjk vkSj vkÍkn ls vksr çksr gks x;kA mUgksua s lhrk dh Hkkjh ÏrKrk vuqHko dhA
fooj.k jke dks nw¡xk] tks dqN Hkh vkius dgk gS] eSa v{kj'k% mu dks lquq kÅ¡xkA ijUrq] çfrnku ds :i esa guqeku D;k is'k djrs gS\a 'kk;n vki esa ls dqN yksx
;|fi esjh ,slh dksbZ ,slh bPNk ugha fd vkidh Hkkoukvksa dks dqN Bsl igq¡pkÅ¡ ;k dgs]a ;gk¡ dqN Hkwy&pwd gqbZ gSA rnuUrj lhrk ds lkeus [kMÛs gq, guqeku muls
vki tSlh ;'kfLouh efgyk ds 'kjhj dk Li'kZ d:¡] nsfo! eSua s tks vkidks vius cksy]s ß;s Hk;adj :i vkSj mlh ds vuq:i vkpj.k djus okyh] vR;Ur Øwj n`f"V
lkFk ys tkus dk vkxzg fd;k Fkk] mlds vusd dkj.k gSAa ,d rks eSa Jh jke dk 'kh?kz okyh fodjkyeq[kh jk{kfl;k¡] tks vkidks brus fnuksa ls ckj ckj dBksj opuksa ls
gh dqN fç; dk;Z djuk pkgrk FkkA vr% cMÛs Lusgiw.kZ ân; ls eSua s ;g ckr dgh Mk¡Vrh QVdkjrh vkSj Mjkrh /kedkrh jgh gS]a vc buds fy;s vkidk D;k lq>ko
FkhA nwljk dkj.k ;g gS fd yadk egk}hi esas fo'kky ty jkf'k }kjk eq[; Hkwfe ls gS\ eSa budh djrwrksa dk eTÛkk p[kkÅ¡xkA eSa rjg&rjg ls vk?kkrksa }kjk bu lc dk
fo;qDr gS vkSj cMÛh lqg<Ûrk ls lqjf{kr nqxZ gSA fo'okl jf[k,] bldh ?ksjkcUnh o/k djuk pkgrk gw¡] blds fy, dsoy vkKk ns nhft,A tks ç'kfLr vkids }kjk
djuk vR;Ur nq"dj dk;Z gSAa bu lc dkj.kksa ls yadk esa ços'k djuk vR;Ur eq>s çkIr gqbZ gS] mlds cnys esa eSa ;g ojnku pkgrk gw¡AÞ esjh n`f"V esa guqeku
dfBu gSA eq>s viuh 'kfDr dk vuqeku gS] blfy;s eSua s ,slk çLrko fd;k FkkA vius Lrj ls cgqr uhps fxj x,] vius e;kZnk ds ekunaM ls cgqr uhps fxj x,]
vki dnkfi u lkspsa fd esjk vfHkçk; dqN vkSj FkkA ;fn vki bl çdkj ys tk;k tc mUgksua s jk{klfl;ksa ds çfr u dsoy 'kkjhfjd cy] vfirq vius nk¡r vkSj u[kksa
tkuk ilUn ugha djrha] rks Ïi;k viuh dksbZ fu'kkuh ns na]s ftldks çek.k Lo:i dk Hkh ç;ksx djus dh is'kd'k dhA tc mudh n`f"V viuh vkn'kZ efgyk dh
vkids ifr dks fn[kkdj mUgsa fo'okl fnyk ldw¡ fd eSua s vkids n'kZu dj fy;s gSa mRihfMÛdkvksa ij iMÛh] mUgsa Hkkjh jks"k gqvk vkSj mudk [Ûkuw [kkSy mBk] ;gk¡ rd fd
vkSj vkids lkFk okrkZyki Hkh fd;k gSAÞ ;g ,d vU; çlax Fkk] ftlesa guqeku mudh fuÏ"Vre Hkkouk,¡ HkMÛd mBhaA eq>s rks dqN ,slk yxrk gS fd guqeku us ,sls
viuh ckr euok ysus esa vlQy jgsA ijUrq vUr esa mUgsa çlékrk gh gqbZ fd os dBksj 'kCnksa dk ç;ksx fd;k] tks muds fy;s v;ksX; Fks vkSj ,sls vuqfpr okD;
vlQy jgs] D;ksfa d lhrk usa mUgsa Lohdkj djk fn;k fd ogh mfpr ekxZ FkkA cksy]s ftlls lhrk }kjk fn, x, mÙkj esa mudk d#.kke; LoHkko tkxzr gks ldsA
vc ge ^jkek;.k^ ds vfUre Hkkx ij vkrs gSAa jko.k ds o/k ds mijkUr] * "Envy is ever joined with the comparing of a man's self; and where there is no comparison, no
tc foHkh"k.k dk jkT;kfHk"ksd Hkh gks pqdk Fkk vkSj lc vkSipkfjd dk;Z Hkh lEiék gks Envy; and therefore kings are not envied but by kings." Bacon: 'Of Envy.'
296 jkek;.k ds T;ksfr&LrEHk mékhlok¡ v/;k; 297

lhrk dk mÙkj bl egkdkO; ds vR;Ur mRÏ"V va'kksa esa ls gSA* {keknku] lfg".kqrk ,d nks ckrsa vkSj Hkh bl lUnHkZ esa dguk pkgw¡xkA buls guqeku dh çfr"Bk esa
vFkok yksd fgrSf"krk ds i{k esa dksbZ Hkh rdZ ml Å¡pkbZ rd ugha igq¡p ldrk] dksbZ deh ugha vkuh pkfg,A mudh egkurk vkSj muds dkjukeksa ds egÙo dks
tSlh fd lhrk }kjk cksys x, 'kCnksa esa çn£'kr gksrh gSA lhrk mudks nafMr djus dh lk/kkj.k ekunaMksa ls vkaduk vlEHko gSA eSa igys Hkh dg pqdk gw¡ fd ;fn dksbZ ,slk
ckr dnkfi ekuus dks rS;kj ugha FkhA mUgksua s lksp fopkj djds dgk] ß;s cspkjh dk;Z gksrk] ftlds lEiék djus ds fy, fo'ks"k 'kkjhfjd cy dh vko';drk gksrh
jktk ds vkJ; esa jgus ds dkj.k ijk/khu Fkh] dj Hkh D;k ldrh Fkh\ ;s rks lc Fkh vkSj tks fdlh vU; O;fDr ds fy;s vlEHko gksrk] rks og guqeku gh lEiék
dqN vius Lokeh dh vkKkuqlkj djrh FkhA vr% Lokeh dh vkKk ikyu djus okyh djrs FksA gesa vHkh dqN ,sls vR;Ur nq"dj dkjukeksa dk mYys[k djuk gS] ftudk
nkfl;ksa ij Øks/k D;ksa fd;k tk;s\Þ {keknku ds fy, lhrk fdruh rRij Fkha! eq>s Js; guqeku dks gSA vkxs pydj eSa guqeku dks ,d Lrj ij çLrqr d:¡xkA cMÛs
yxrk gS] ;g lqudj guqeku ds eu esa vkSfpR; dh Hkkouk lglk fQj ykSV vkbZA ijns eSua s muds HkqyDdMÛiu ds çlaxksa dks ,df=r fd;k] mudh vlQyrkvksa vkSj
rqjUr gh mUgksua s viuk dfiRo R;kx fn;kA bu 'kCnksa us Bhd mudh ân; ra=h dks vU; deTÛkksfj;ksa dks Hkh vkSj muds egku dkjukeksa dks HkhA bu lcdk mYys[k
>adkj fn;kA mUgksua s lkspk] vc mUgsa ogk¡ ls Hkkx pyuk gh mfpr gksxkA djus ds i'pkr muds thou dh ,d lcls egÙoiw.kZ ckr dk o.kZu djus dks fQj
bl n`'; vkSj bl fcUnq ls fonk ysuk pkgw¡xkA ijUrq blls igys eSa nks vU; Hkh cp tk;sxkA og gS] fd fdl çdkj os vius thou esa vusd laons u'khy n`';ksa
çlaxksa dk mYys[k d:¡xk] tks blls feyrs&tqyrs gSa vkSj LoHkkor% ftudh vksj ls xqTÛkjs vkSj bu lcesa mUgksua s xkSjoe; lQyrk çkIr dhA vr,o] eSa guqeku ij
;g ikBdksa dk /;ku ys tkrk gSA lhrk vius HkkX; dks dksl jgh Fkha vkSj Lo;a ls viuh ppkZ dk lekiu lqUnj dkaM ds dqN m¼j.k nsdj d:¡xkA ;g lkspdj xoZ
iwN jgh Fkha fd D;k muds NqVdkjs dk dksbZ mik; ugha gSA f=tVk ogk¡ mifLFkr Fkh] gksrk gS fd dfo okYehfd us guqeku pfj= dh dYiuk ,d ,slh HkO; 'kSyh esa dh gS
mlus ml le; lhrk dks viuk ,d lqUnj LoIu lquk;kA LoIu esa mlus jko.k] vkSj mldk Hkh vfHkO;atuk HkO; 'kSyh esa gh jk{klfl;ksa ls dh gSA lEHkor% dqN yksx
dqEHkd.kZ vkSj mlds nq"V vuqpjksa dks dyafdr vkSj ?kksj ladV esa Q¡ls ns[kkA jke ,slk dgsa fd dfo us guqeku ds pfj= dks dqN vf/kd gh c<Ûk p<Ûk dj çLrqr fd;k
vkSj y{e.k dks fnO; xtjktksa ij vk:<Û viuh çfr"Bk iqu% çkIr dj vius gSA ijUrq gekjh vfHk#fp bldh fo'kkyrk vkSj ifjek.k esa ugha] vfirq bu
;FkksfpÙk LFkku ij ns[kkA lhrk dks Hkh muds e/; çfrf"Br ns[kkA f=tVk dgrh gS] euksHkkoksa esa gS] ftuds }kjk bldk l`tu gqvk gSA
ßesjk ;g LoIu 'kh?kz gh lkdkj gksus okyk gSA gs nq"V jk{klfl;ks!a rqe tks vc lhrk
dks lrk jgh gks] gks ldrk gS fd rqEgsa jke dk dksiHkktu cuuk iMÛ]s tc mUgsa irk
pysxk fd fdl çdkj rqeus lhrk ds lkFk O;ogkj fd;k gSA rFkkfi vHkh le; jgrs
budh 'kj.k esa vkdj buls vHk; ;kpuk djks] D;ksfa d jke dh vksj ls jk{klksa ds
çfr ?kksj Hk; mifLFkr gqvk gSAÞ f=tVk igys Hkh bl çdkj dh ckrsa dj pqdh FkhA
lhrk us ;g lc dqN lqu fy;k Fkk] guqeku us Hkh lquk FkkA ckn esa tc guqeku
fQj vkrs gS]a mu jk{kfl;ksa dks nafMr djus dk çLrko çLrqr djrs gS]a lhrk mUgsa
jksd nsrh gSA gesa f=tVk ds LoIu dk iqjkuk n`'; Lej.k gks vkrk gSA eq>s Hkh dqN
,slk çrhr gksrk gS fd dfo dk vk'k; gS fd ge nksuksa n`';ksa nksuksa dks feykdj ns[ksAa
lPpfjr O;fDr;ksa ds Loiu çk;% lp gksrs gS]a pkgs iw.kZr;k u Hkh gksAa LoIu cgq/kk
Hkkoh ?kVukvksa ds lwpd gksrs gSAa f=tVk ds LoIu ds lEcU/k esa eq>s la'k; ugha fd
dfo pkgrk gS fd ge bu nksuksa ?kVukvksa dks vius eu esa tksMÛ]as ftlls gekjs vUnj
;g Hkkouk mRiék gks fd nwljk n`'; fuLlUnsg lhrk vkSj guqeku }kjk ,d vutkus
esa iqujko`fÙk Fkh] fdlh ,slh ckr dh] tks fd os fdlh igys volj ij lqu pqds Fks]
fdUrq ftldk lqLi"V js[kkfp= os Hkwy pqds FksA
* bu va'kksa ds vuqokn ds fy;s nsf[k, v- 27.

esa gh nks fHkék&fHkék çdkj ls of.kZr gSA ,d ckj cMÛs foLrkj es]a nwljh ckj la{ksi esAa
leqæ ds ikj Nykax yxkus ds fy, guqeku dks çsfjr djus ds mís'; ls fdf"dU/kk
mékhlok¡ v/;k; dkaM esa tkEcoku mudks mudh mRifÙk dh dFkk lqukrs gSA ;g ,d lqUnj va'k gS]
ftleas guqeku dks Lej.k fnyk;k x;k fd 'kS'ko esa gh mUgksua s D;k D;k dqN fd;k
guqeku FkkA mUgsa viuh 'kfDr vkSj {kerk dh ;kn fnykuk vko';d Fkk D;ksfa d ml le;
tc mudh vko';drk Fkh] os vR;Ur mnklhu Hkko ls vyx&Fkyx vdsys cSBs
gq, FksA dnkfpr~~ os vaxn ls gq, fujk'kktud okrkZyki ds fo"k; esa euu dj jgs
FksA vaxn us mudh ;kstuk foQy dj nh Fkh vkSj mUgsa euekusa <ax ls nkok fn;k
vc guqeku ds dkjukeksa ds fo"k; ds esa ppkZ djaxs As ;s vusd Fkss vkSj egÙoiw.kZ FkkA blhfy, guqeku vU; okujksa ls nwj tk cSBs FksA vaxn us ,d lHkk cqykbZ ;g
Hkh FksA vpjt dh ckr rks ;g gS fd budk vkjEHk guqeku ds lalkj essa inkiZ.k ds irk yxkus ds fy;s dh D;k dksbZ ,slk cyoku vkSj 'kwjohj gS] tks yadk rd Nyakx
lkFk&lkFk gh gqvkA os Lo;a gh lhrk ls vius lnk'k; dk fo'okl fnykrs le; yxk ldsA ,d iwjk lxZ gh bl lHkk fo'ks"k ds fy, lefiZr gSA okuj] tks vius
viuh mRifÙk dk o.kZu djrs gS]a ekuks ;g fn[kkus ds fy;s fd os D;ksa ln`'k fn[krs lkeF;ZZ ij cgqr xoZ djrs Fks] os Hka;dj dksykgy djrs gq, ml fo'kky ty ds
gS]a tcfd mUgksua s vius dks ok;q iq= crk;kA mudk tUe gh dqN vlk/kkj.k FkkA foLrkj dks ns[k dj Hk;Hkhr gks x,A ,d us dgk] og nl ;kstu rd dh Nykax
muds firk dsljh uked okuj Fks] tks lqe#s uked ioZr ij ,d NksVs s ls çkUr ds yxk ldrk gSA nwljs us dgk] chl] rhljs us dgk] rhl bR;kfnA tc tkEcoku dh
jktk FksA leqæ rV ij ,d ekY;oku uked igkMÛh FkhA xksd.kZ rhFkZ esa 'kEclknu ckjh vkbZ] rks vius lkeF;Z ds vuq:i dksbZ la[;k crkus ds ctk;] mUgksua s ,d
uked vlqj rhFkZ ;kf=;ksa dks lrk;k djrk FkkA nsof"kZ;ksa us mlds o/k dk dk;Z yEck laLej.k lqukuk vkjEHk fd;k] Þ,d le; Fkk] tcfd eSa Hkh cyoku Fkk vkSj
dsljh dks lkSia k FkkA blhfy;s os vYidky ds fy;s vius ?kj esa vuqifLFkr jgsA eSua s i`Foh dh ifjØek bDdhl ckj dh FkhA ijUrq vc eSa dsoy uCcs ;kstu gh yka?k
mudh vuqifLFkfr esa mudh L=h ds xHkZ ls ok;q nsork }kjk mudk tUe gqvkA ldrk gw¡A vaxn us dgk og iwjs lkS ;kstu rd dj ldrk gS] fdUrq m/kj ls ykSVus
mudh L=h] vatuk dk tUe fdlh Jkio'k okujh ds :i esa gqvk Fkk] ijUrq ,d esa esjh ,slh gh 'kfDr jgsxh] og fuf'pr :i ls ugha dj ldrkA ;|fi tkEcoku
le;] og vrho lqUnjh FkhA vius igys vfLrRo dk Lej.k djds] mlus ukjh dk viuh igyh 'kfDr [kks pqds Fks] rFkkfi mudh okd~iVqrk vkSj O;ogkj dq'kyrk
:i /kkj.k dj fy;k vkSj og vius ikl ds m|ku esa ?kweus pyh xbZA mldk lqjf{kr FkhA os vaxn ls cksy]s ß;g eku Hkh fy;k tk; fd rqe okil ykSVus esa Hkh
lkSUn;Z bruk lEHkksgd Fkk fd ok;q nsork Hkh ml ij eqX/k gks x, vkSj mUgksua s leFkZ gks] fQj Hkh ge rqEgsa vius ls vyx dke ugha gksus nsxa As rqEgkjs fcuk ge
mlds oL=ksa dks vO;ofLFkr dj] mldk lEiw.kZ Li'kZ dj fy;kA og vR;Ur dqfir dke ugha pyk ldrsA tks lcdks Hkstus okyk Lokeh gS] og dnkfi çs"; ugha gks
gksdj b/kj&m/kj ns[kus yxhA rc ok;q dh vksj ls mÙkj vk;k] ßrqEgsa ijs'kku gksus ldrkA rqe gekjs fy, ^dy=* (iRuh) ds leku j{k.kh; gks (^dy=* dk O;qRifÙkijd
dh dksbZ vko';drk ughaA eSa rqEgkjk dqN fcxkMw¡xk ugha] rqEgkjs ifr dsljh us vFkZ ^laj{k.k* gS)A rqe le>rs gks] rqe ;gk¡ v/;{k gksA ;g lp gS] ijUrq Lokeh
nsorkvksa ds çfr egku midkj fd;k gS vkSj mldk çfrQy nsus fy,] eSa rqEgsa ,d lsuk ds fy, dy= ds leku j{k.kh; gksrk gSA rqe gekjs j{kd gks vkSj vius j{kd
,slk ckyd çnku dj jgk gw¡] ftldh [;kfr rhuksa yksdksa esa QSyxs h vkSj tks vusd dh j{kk djuk gekjk ije dÙkZO; gSA ge rqEgsa fdlh çdkj dk ladV eksy ugh ysus
vk'p;Ztud dk;Z djsxkAÞ bl çdkj ikl dh xqQk esa mlus ,d foy{k.k ckyd nsxa As Þ okuj lsuk dks bl çdkj fo"kkn esa iMÛh ns[kdj] tkEcoku guqeku ds ikl
dks tUe fn;kA ,d fnu mudh ekrk Qy ykus ds fy, ou esa pyh xbZA ml le; igq¡prs gSa] tks ,dkUr esa cSBs gq, FksA mudh ç'kalk djrs gq, os cksys] ßokuj
ml ckyd dks cMÛh TÛkksj ls Hkw[k yxh gqbZ FkhA og Hkw[k ls vR;Ur ihfMÛr gksus ds f'kjkse.ks! rqEgkjk cy] cqf¼] rst vkSj /kS;Z leLr çkf.k;ksa esa lcls c<Û dj gSA fQj
dkj.k TÛkksj&TÛkksj ls jksus yxkA brus esa gh mUgsa cky lw;nZ os mfnr gksrs fn[kkbZ rqe Lo;a dks leqæ yka?kus ds fy, D;ksa ugha rS;kj djrs\ gesa bl le; rqEgkjh
fn,A guqeku us mUgsa Hkh dksbZ Qy le>kA og ,d lqUnj yky Qy dh Hkk¡fr cPps lsok&lgk;rk dh vko';drk gSA rEgasa vius lkeF;Z ds fo"k; esa Kku ughaA eSa
dks çrhr gqvkA og ml Qy ds yksHk ls lw;Z dh vkSj mNysA ckyd guqeku cky rqEgkjs çknqHkkZo dh dFkk lqukrk gw¡A okujksa vkSj tkEcoku dh çsj.kk ikdj iou
lw;Z dks idMÛus dh bPNk ls vkdk'k esa mMÛrs pys x;sA vkxs dh dgkuh ^jkek;.k* dqekj guqeku dks vius vrqy osx ij fo'okl gks x;k vkSj mUgksua s rRle; viuk
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fojkV :i çdV fd;kA osxiw.kZ Nykax yxkus ds fy, os egsUæ ioZr ij p<Û x,A ldrsA fQj rqEgkjs tSls lk/kkj.k yksxksa dh ckr gh D;k gS\ bl çdkj fuHkZ;rkiwod Z
lqUnj dkaM ds çFke lxZ esa guqeku dh iwjh Nykax dk o.kZu gSA bldks ,d Nyk¡x Hkk"k.k djus okys guqeku dh ckrsa jko.k dks vfç; yxha vkSj mUgksua s lsodksa dks
dh laKk ugha nh tk ldrh; bldks ,d mMÛku dguk vf/kd mi;qDr gksxk D;ksfa d mudk o/k djus dh vKk nhA bl ij foHkh"k.k us] gLr{ksi djrs gq, nwr dk o/k
ekxZ esa os vusd ladVksa ls xqTÛkjs vkSj mUgksua s dbZ lkgfld dk;Z Hkh fd;sA ,d ;k nks djuk vuqfpr crk;k vkSj dksbZ vU; naM nsus dk lq>ko fn;kA jko.k us foHkh"k.k ds
ckj mudks jksdk Hkh x;k vkSj mUgsa NksVh&eksVh yMÛkbZ Hkh djuh iMÛhA eSa bu lcdk vuqjks/k dks Lohdkj dj fy;k vkSj vkKk nh fd jk{klx.k bldh iw¡N esa vkx
mYys[k djuk vko';d ugha le>rk D;ksfa d esa le>rk gw¡] vkidks muds fo"k; esa yxkdj lewps uxj esa ?kqek;sAa guqeku us Hkh lkspk ,slk djus ls eq>s lewph yadk esa
ekywe gksxk ghA bl dkjukes esa dsoy mudh Nykax gh ugha gS] vfirq os lkgfld fopjus vkSj mldk fujh{k.k djus dk volj feysxkAÞ tc lhrk dks ;g Hka;dj
dk;Z Hkh lfEefyr gS]a tks mUgksua s yadk}hi esa fd;kA ,d v/;olk;h [kkst ds lekpkj feyk] os eu gh eu vfXunso dh mikluk djus yxha] ftlls og
mijkUr mUgksua s lhrk dks [kkst gh fy;kA muls okrkZyki ds ckn] tc os ogk¡ ls 'kkUrHkko ls tyus yxsA ok;q nsork Hkh cQÛhy Z h gok ds leku 'khry gksdj cgus
tkus yxs] rc os eu gh eu fopkj djus yxs] ßeSua s lhrk ds n'kZu rks dj fy,] yxsA guqeku ,d ?kj esa vkx yxk dj nwljs ?kj esa dwn iMÛrAs bl çdkj dsoy
ijUrq eSa rqjUr ykSV¡wxk ughaA vHkh esjs dk;Z dk FkksMÛk lk va'k] 'k=q dh 'kfDr dk foHkh"k.k dk ?kj NksMÛ dj] vU; lc ?kjksa esa vkx yxk nhA guqeku us tc ns[kk fd
irk yxkuk 'ks"k gSA ,d Lokeh HkDr lsod ds ukrs esjk dÙkZO; curk gS fd eSa lkjh yadkiqjh ty jgh gS] rc muds eu esa lhrk ds fy, cMÛh fpUrk gqb]Z ijUrq
vPNh çdkj Nkuchu djds ;gk¡ dh fLFkfr dk vkdyu d:¡ vkSj ;fn vko';d tc pkj.kksa ds eq[k ls lquk fd lhrk ij dksbZ vk¡p ugha vkbZ] muds ân; esa
gks rks viuh ;kstuk esa ifjorZu Hkh d:¡A jk{klksa ds lkFk gBkr~ ;q¼ esa lsuk vkSj g"kksYZ ykl Nk x;kA ;g mudk çFke ijkØe Fkk&leqæ ya?ku vkSj yadk esa fd, x;s
lgk;dksa lfgr jko.k dk lkeuk djds eSa muds gkfnZd vfHkçk; rFkk lSfud 'kfDr ijorhZ dkjukesA ;|fi dfo }kjk ijkØe dk o.kZu ,d yEcs lxZ esa cMÛh fuiq.krk
dk vuk;kl gh irk yxk yw¡xkAÞ vr,o] mUgksua s jko.k ds le{k mifLFkr gksus vkSj ds lkFk fd;k x;k gS vkSj çk;% bls guqeku dk lqegku ijkØe ekuk tkrk gS]
;fn lEHko gks lds] rks mls /kedh nsus dk fu'p; fd;kA ijUrq] jko.k ls HksVa dSls ijUrq ;g mudk lc ls cMÛh dkjukek ugha gSAa ckn ds vU; dkjukes Fks] tks dgha
dh tk;s\ guqeku us blds fufeÙk ,d NksVh lh viuh ;kstuk cukbZA ßeSa ;gk¡ dqN vf/kd vk'p;Ztud FksA
mRikr epkÅ¡xk]Þ bl çdkj mUgksua s eu gh eu lkspk] ßeSa bl funZ; jko.k ds bl vxyk 'kkS;iZ .w kZ dk;Z fd;k x;k] tc igyh cMÛh yMÛkbZ gqb]Z ftlesa jko.k
lqUnj v'kksd&ou dk fo/oal dj Mkyw¡xk vkSj uxj ds dqN Hkkx dk uk'k dj nw¡xk] viuh lsuk dk usr`Ro dj jgk FkkA mldk ç/kku lsukifr] çgLr fojks/kh ny ds
ftlls ;s yksx eq> ij vkØe.k djus ds fy, fdlh u fdlh dks Hkstxas As Þ ;g rks lsukifr] uhy }kjk ekjk x;k FkkA rc jko.k dgrk gS] ßeSa bl cy'kkyh 'k=q ds
vkidks fofnr gh gksxk fd fdl çdkj mudh yadk ds j{kdksa ds lkFk eqBHksMÛ gqbZ çfr vlko/kkuh ugha cjr ldrkAÞ og lsuk dk lapkyu djus ds fy, Lo;a
vkSj fdl çdkj vkRej{kk ds fy, mUgksua s jk{klksa ds fo#¼ vusd ijkØe fn[kk,A j.k{ks= esa mrjrk gSA og viuh fo'kky lsuk dks ,d= djrk gS vkSj eSnku esa vkrk
mUgksua s jko.k ds iq=ksa esa ls ,d] v{k; dqekj dk o/k fd;k] tks fd ,d lqçfl¼ gSA guqeku ls mldk lkeuk gksrk gSAa mudk ,d nwljs ls dqN ifjp; rks igys gks
;ks¼k FkkA vkSj ;g Hkh ekywe gksxk fd fdl çdkj bUæftr }kjk mUgsa czãkL= ls pqdk Fkk] ijUrq O;fDrxr :i ls os ,d nwljs ds cy ls vufHkK FksA vr% guqeku
idMÛ fy;k x;k Fkk vkSj fQj mUgsa lqn`<Û jLlksa ls ck¡/k fy;k x;kA jLlksa ls ca/k çkjEHk esa gh dg nsrs gS]a ßeSa vkidks crk nw¡] okuj dnkfi /kuq"k&ck.k dk ç;ksx ugha
tkus ij guqeku czãkL= ds cU/ku ls eqDr gks x,A D;ksfa d bl vL= dk cU/ku djrsAÞ muds vL=&'kkL= rks dsoy o`{k vkSj mudh 'kk[kk,¡ gksrs Fks] ftudks os
fdlh nwljs cU/ku ds lkFk ugha jgrkA guqeku ;|fi cU/ku ls eqDr gks x,] lqxerk ls m[kkMÛ dj 'k=q ds fo#¼ ç;ksx djrs Fks vFkok NksVh&NksVh igkfMÛ;k¡
rFkkfi mUgksua s ,slk fn[kk;k ekuks os bl ckr dks tkurs gh u gksAa Øwj jk{kl mUgsa vkSj cMÛ&s cMÛs iRFkj ftudk vpwd fu'kkuk yxk dj os Qsd a rs FksA jk{kl nksuks esa
ihMÛk nsrs gq, [khap dj ys pysA bl çdkj os jko.k ds ikl igq¡pk;s x,A vkjEHk es]a dq'ky FksA muesa ls dqN /kuq"k&ck.k dk ç;ksx dj ldrs FksA dqN cfy"B jk{kl Hkh
os vius vki dks Jh jke dk nwr crkrs gS]a tks fd cMÛs fouez Hkko ls jko.k ds fy, Fks] tks }U} ;q¼ esa çHkkoh eqDdksa dk çgkj dj ldrs FksA jko.k rks nksuksa esa gh
lqxhz o dk lUns'k ysdj vk;k gS] ßlqxhz o us vkidk dq'ky lekpkj iwNk gSAÞ ijUrq vR;Ur dq'ky FkkA guqeku us viuk eqDdk fn[kk;kA igyk okj jko.k us fd;k]
ckn esa os m¼r Loj esa cksyus yxrs gSa vkSj ckr iwjh djus ls igys os jko.k dks mlus guqeku dh Nkrh ij TÛkksj ls FkIiMÛ tMÛ fn;kA fuLlUnsg gh jko.k ds FkIiMÛ
psrkouh nsdj dgrs gS]a ßJh jke dk vijk/k djds lk{kkr~ bUæ Hkh lq[k ugha ik cMÛs çHkkoh Fks vkSj mudh pksV [kkdj guqeku yMÛ[kMÛk x;s] fdUrq FkksMÛh nsj esa gh

vius dks lqfLFkj djds os [kMÛs gks x,A fQj mUgksuas s Hkh dqfir gksdj jko.k ij FkIiMÛ eq[kks]a us=ksa vkSj dkuksa ls jDr cgus yxk vkSj og pDdj dkVrk gqv q k] jFk ds
dk çgkj fd;kA jko.k us çgkj rks >sy fy;k] fdUrq çHkko bruk TÛkcjnLr gqvk fd fiNys Hkkx esa fu'ps"V gksdj cSB x;k] rMÛirk vkSj NViVkrk jgkA rRi'pkr~
rnuUrj laHkydj mlus dgk] ß'kkck'k okuj] 'kkck'kA rqe ijkØe esa esjs fy;s vkgr y{e.k dks guqeku nksuksa gkFkksa ls mBk dj Jh jke ds fudV ys vk;sA ;g
,d lq;ksX; çfr}U}h gksAÞ guqeku us mÙkj fn;k] ßeq>s vkidh ç'kalk ugh pkfg,] tkudj fd vc tks vk;s gS]a os muds fe= guqeku Fks] tks muds çfr lefiZr Fks]
jko.k! rqe vc Hkh thfor gks] blfy, esjs ijkØe dks f/kDdkj gSA vc rqe ,d y{e.k gyds gks x,A mUgksua s iqu% vius ewy Lo:i fo".kq va'k dk Lej.k fd;k
ckj eq> ij çgkj djksA rqEgkjs çgkj ds i'pkr~ tc esjk eqDdk iMÛxs k] rc og vkSj viuk vfrfjDr Hkkj R;kx fn;k] ftlls guqeku mUgas lqjf{kr LFkku ij ys tk
rRdky rqEgsa ;eyksd igq¡pk nsxkAÞ guqeku ds opu lqudj jko.k dk Øks/k HkMÛd ldaAs ijkftr gq, y{e.k dks NksMÛdj] 'kfDr iqu% jko.k ds jFk ij ykSV vkbZA
mBkA ml jk{kl us cMÛs ;Ru ls viuk nkfguk eqDdk rku dj guqeku dh Nkrh ij y{e.k Hkxoku~ fo".kq ds vfpUruh; va'k :i ls fpUru djds LoLFk vkSj fujksx
osxiwodZ çgkj fd;kA Nkrh ij pksV yxus ls guqeku iqu% fopfyr gks x,A guqeku gks x,A okujksa dh fo'kky okfguh us cMÛ&s cMÛs ohj ekj fxjk,A ;g ns[kdj jko.k us
ls fuiV dj] vfrjFkh jko.k jFk ds }kjk 'kh?kz gh uhy ij tk p<ÛkA tc guqeku us jke ij /kkok fd;kA nksuksa vksj ls 'kjo"kkZ ns[kdj nsorkx.k Hkh vk'p;Zpfdr gks
iqu% lEHky dj ;q¼ dh bPNk ls jko.k dh vksj ns[kk] ml le; jko.k uhy ds x,A rRle; guqeku us Jh jke ds ikl vkdj dgk] ßçHkks! tSls Hkxoku fo".kq x#<Û
lkFk my>k gqvk FkkA guqeku us mlls jks"kiwod Z dgk] ßvks fu'kkpj! bl le; rqe ij p<Ûdj nSR;ksa ij çgkj djrs gS]a mlh çdkj vki esjh ihB ij p<Ûdj bl jk{kl
nwljs O;fDr ds lkFk ;q¼ dj jgs gksA vr% esjs fy;s rqe ij okj djuk mfpr u dks naM nsAa Þ eSa vkidks ogu dj ldrk gw¡Aß ;g ckr lqudj jke guqeku dh ihB
gksxkA eSa rqEgkjs fuo`r gksus s rd çrh{kk d:¡xkAÞ* jko.k us vkXus;kL= ck.k dk ij p<Û x, vkSj jko.k ij vkØe.k djus yxsA jko.k jke ls bruk dqfir ugha Fkk]
lU/kku dj lsukifr uhy ij ekjkA os vfXu ls tyrs gq, lglk i`Foh ij fxj iMÛAs ftruk guqeku lsA mls igys oSj dk /;ku vk;k* vkSj mlus jke ls igys guqeku
;|fi uhy us i`Foh ij ?kqVus Vsd fn,] rFkkfi firk vfXunso ds egkRE; ls vkSj ds ck.kksa }kjk vR;Ur ?kk;y dj fn;kA tc muds iwjs 'kjhj ij ck.kksa dh ckSNkj gqbZ
rst ds çHkko ls muds çk.k ugha fudysA vkSj os muds 'kjhj esa ?kql x;sA rc guqeku ds] tks lkekU;r% lcdks ,d egku
rRi'pkr~ jko.k y{e.k dh vksj c<Ûk vkSj muds lkFk rhoz ck.kksa dk vkSj fof'k"V gLrh yxrs Fks] rst dh nhfIr vkSj Hkh c<Û xbZa jko.k us Hkh vusd
vknku&çnku gqvkA tc y{e.k us jko.k dk /kuq"k dkV fn;k] rc mlus ck.kksa dk dkSrdq fn[kk,] ijUrq vUr esa jke mlls ckTÛkh ys x,A mUgksua s ,d v/kZ pUækdkj
ç;ksx NksMÛ dj czã'kfDr mBk yhA 'kfDr ds ç;ksx esa n{k gksus ds dkj.k] jko.k ck.k gkFk esa fy;k vkSj mlds }kjk jk{kljkt dk lw;Z ds leku nsnhI;eku eqdVq
}kjk osxiw.kZ pykbZ gqbZ 'kfDr lh/kh y{e.k ds o{kLFky esa ?kql xbZA ml 'kfDr ls lglk dkV MkykA jko.k vR;Ur viekfur gqvk vkSj Hkjld ç;klksa ds ckotwn
vkgr gksdj y{e.k e`ror~ v/kkse[q k i`Foh ij fxj iMÛAs rc jko.k us ,d vthc ml fnu ds ;q¼ esa mldh gkj gqbAZ tc og vlgk; eqdVq ghu fujL=hÏr voLFkk
gjdr dhA y{e.k dks e`ror~ /kjk'kk;h ns[kdj mlds eu esa vk;k fd y{e.k dh esa [kMÛk Fkk] jke us eu gh eu lkspk] ßeSa bl fLFkfr dk vuqfpr ykHk ugha
e`R;q dks fuf'pr dj ysuk pkfg,A ;fn oSls gh NksMÛ fn;k x;k] rks og iqu% gks'k esa mBkÅ¡xk] ,slk djuk {kk=/keZ ds fo#¼ gksxkAÞ vc mUgksua s jk{kljkt ls dgk] ßeSa
vk ldrk gSA vr% lglk og muds ikl vk igq¡pk vkSj mudks viuh nksua ks Hkqtkvksa tkurk gw¡] rqe ;q¼ ls ihfMÛr gksA yadk esa ços'k dj foJke djks vkSj dy rjksrkTÛkk
ls mBkus dk ç;Ru djus yxkA ijUrq viuh iwjh 'kfDr yxkus ds ckotwn Hkh og gksdj vkuk] jFk] /kuq"kck.k lfgr fudyuk vkSj fQj esjk cy ns[kukAÞ jke ds
mudks mBkus esa leFkZ u gks ldkA ;gk¡ dfo dgrk gS fd czã'kfDr ls Nkrh ij pksV ,slk dgus ij jko.k volj dk ykHk mBkdj lglk yadk esa x;kA vki ns[krs gSa fd
[kkdj fxj tkus ij Hkh] y{e.k us Hkxoku fo".kq ds vfpUR; va'k:i ls viuk bl fnu dh yMÛkbZ esa Lo;a jke ds ckn] ml fnu dk Js; guqeku dks igq¡prk gSA
fpUru fd;kA mudk Hkkj x.kukrhr ifjek.k esa c<Û x;k vkSj jko.k mudks fgykus blhfy;s] geus bl cMÛs la?k"kZ esa #fp yh gSA
esa Hkh leFkZ u gks ldk] vU;Fkk og mUgsa ys tkdj leqæ esa Qsd a nsrkA jko.k vxyk ijkØe] ftldk mYys[k eSa bl ?kksj la?k"kZ esa djuk pkgw¡xk] ml
laHkzkUr [kMÛk jg x;kA blh le; vR;Ur Øks/k esa Hkjs gq,] guqeku us ifjfLFkfr dk le; dk gS] tc bUæftr us jke lfgr iwjh lsuk dks czãkL= dk fu'kkuk cuk;k
vanktÛk yxk;kA os jko.k dh vksj nkSMÛs vkSj vius otz tSls eqDds ls jko.k dh Nkrh FkkA nksuksa Hkkb;ksa dks vk?kkr igq¡pk vkSj os lc okujksa dks pksV igq¡ph v/kkse[q k
ij çgkj fd;kA ml eqDds ds ekj ls jko.k us /kjrh ij ?kqVus Vsd fn,A mlds nlksa /kjk'kk;h gks x,A bUæftr us lkspk fd mlus lexz lsuk dk lQÛk;k dj fn;k] tks
* nsf[k, v-11, i`-163. * tc jke us vius ck.kksa }kjk tuLFkkufuoklh pkSng gtÛkj jk{klksa dk lagkj dj Mkyk FkkA

leqæ ikj ls vkbZ Fkh vkSj viuh lQyrk dh lwpuk vius firk dks nsus pyk x;kA dqN Hkh ugha gSA tkEcoku dh ;g ckr lqudj guqeku dks viuh iwjh 'kfDr dk cks/
jkr gks pyh Fkh vkSj ?kksj vU/kdkj loZ= QSy pqdk FkkA dqN okuj futhZo gks x, k gqvk vkSj os vlhe cy ls Hkj x,A viuk iwjk cy yxk dj mNy dj os çpaM
vkSj dqN vfUre ?kfMÛ;k¡ fxu jgs FksA buesa ls nks tks tkx:d Fks] os Fks& guqeku osx ls vkdk'k esa mMÛ x;sA tks Nykax mUgksua s vc yxkbZ] og igyh Nykax ls dgha
vkSj foHkh"k.kA guqeku ij çHkko FkksMÛh nsj jgk vkSj foHkh"k.k ij rks okj gqvk gh ugha vf/kd cMÛh Fkh] ftldh dfo us Hkwfj ç'kalk dh FkhA dfo o.kZu djrk gS fd
FkkA tc ;s nksuksa feys rks guqeku us dgk] ßesjs gkFk esa e'kky gSA ge nksuksa j.kHkwfe fnO;yksd fuokfl;ksa us Hkh bl vÚqr çn'kZu dk voyksdu fd;kA guqeku us ogk¡
esa ?kwe dj vkSj ?kk;yksa dks lkURouk nsdj ;FkklEHko lgk;rk nsAa Þ tc os bl igq¡pdj dSyk'k ioZr vkSj ½"kHk ioZr dks ns[kkA rRi'pkr~ mudh n`f"V lc vkS"kf/
nq%[kn dfBu dk;Z esa layXu Fks] la;ksxo'k tkEcoku Hkh fey x,] tks cMÛs d"V esa k;ksa ij iMÛhA os dwn dj fxfjjkt ij p<Û x, vkSj pkjksa vksj vkS"kf/k;ksa dh [kkst
FksA ½{kjkt tkEcoku cMÛh n;uh; vkokTÛk esa cksy]s ßD;k foHkh"k.k vk;s gS\a Loj ls djus yxsA ml mÙke ioZr ij fo|eku egkS"kf/k;k¡ vocks/k lEiék FkhaA os tku xb±
igpku jgk gw¡A esjs lHkh vax rhoz ck.kksa ls fca/ks gq, gSAa ;g crkvks] j.k{ks= es ?kwers fd mUgsa dksbZ ysus dh bPNk ls vk;k gSA mUgksua s Lo;a ls dgk] ßge fNi tk;s]as Þ vkSj
gq, D;k rqEgsa guqeku fn[kkbZ fn, dgha\Þ rc guqeku vkSj ikl vk x;sA ijUrq os rRdky vn`'; gks xb±A tc guqeku us ns[kk fd vkS"kf/k;k¡ dgha fn[kkbZ ugha ns
foHkh"k.k muds ç'u dk mÙkj u nsrs gq, cksy]s ßvkt] tc bl Hk;kud fnu lHkh jgh gS]a rks muds fy, iwjs ioZr dks ys tkus ds vfrfjDr vU; fodYi ugha FkkA
vkgr gq, gS]a vkius jke vkSj y{e.k ds ckjs esa rks iwNk ughaA vki eq>ls dsoy m[kkMÛ dj] guqeku us cMÛs Hk;adj osx ls vkdk'k esa mMÛ pysA os Nykax yxkdj
guqeku dks iwN jgs gS\a vki u rks jktk lqxhz o vkSj u gh vaxn ij oSlk Lusg fn[kk f=dwV ioZr ij dwn iMÛs vkSj okuj lsuk ds e/; esa vk mrjsA tc mUgksaus
jgs gS]a tSlk guqeku ijAÞ foHkh"k.k dh ckr lqudj tkEcoku us dgk] ßlquks! bl egkS"kf/k;ksa dks ykdj j.kHkwfe esa j[kk fn;k] ok;q us mudh lqxU/k pkjksa vksj QSyk nh
le; esjk ,d fo'ks"k ç;kstu gSA ;fn guqeku thfor gS]a rks lEiw.kZ lsuk thfor gks vkSj tSl&s tSls og lqxU/k grkgr] gq, okujksa dh ukd esa igq¡ph] os /khjs&/khjs gks'k
tk;sxh vkSj ;fn muds çk.k fudy pqds gS]a rks ge lc thrs gq, Hkh e`rd ds esa vkus yxs vkSj mB cSBAs nksuksa jktdqekj Hkh lqxU/k ysdj ,d ckj iqu% lEiw.kZ
leku gSAa muds fcuk ge loZFkk fudEes gSAa ;fn guqeku thfor gS]a rks e`rrqY; {ks= vuqçkf.kr vkSj ltho gks x;kA rc okujksa us Hk;adj dksykgy epk;k vkSj os
gksus ij Hkh ge iqu% thfor gks ldrs gSAa ßguqeku dh cMÛh fo'ks"krk ;g gS fd os yadk ds Hkhrj ?kql x, vkSj Hkkjh gYykxqyk djrs gq, pkjksa vksj fo/oal fd;kA
vius firk ok;q ds leku gh 'kfDr'kkyh gSAa ;fn os thfor gS]a rks gekjh vk'kk Hkh ;gk¡ ,d ckr mYys[kuh; gS] tks fd cgqr NksVh lh gS] ijUrq cMÛh vFkZi.w kZA
thfor gSAÞ vius iqjkus fe= ls ,slh Hkkjh ç'kalk lqudj guqeku us Lo;a dks çdV ;g lc dqN j.k{ks= esa gh ?kfVr gqvk] tgk¡ jk{kl vkSj okuj ijLij fHkMÛs FksA
dj fn;k vkSj cMÛs fouhr Hkko ls mUgsa ç.kke fd;kA mUgksua s dgk] ;g rks mudh egkS"kf/k;k¡ ds fy;s jk{kl vkSj okujksa esa dksbZ HksnHkko ugha Fkk vkSj mudk çHkko nksuksa
egkurk gS fd mUgksua s bl çdkj esjh ç'kalk dhA guqeku dh ckr lqudj tkEcoku] i{kksa ij leku :i ls iMÛ ldrk FkkA ;q¼ esa dke vk;s jk{klksa dh la[;k gTÛkkjksa
ftudh lkjh bfUæ;k¡ ck.kksa ds çgkj ls ihfMÛr Fkha] cksy]s ßvc esjk iqutZUe gks x;kA yk[kksa esa jgh gksxh] ijUrq os fn[kk;h ugha ns jgs FksA dfo dgrk gS] ßnsork ftUgsa
vc ge lc rqe ij gh fuHkZj gSAa rqe gh bu lcds ije lgk;d gksA ;g le; rks u"V djuk pkgrs gS]a mudh efr igys ls gh gj ysrs gSAa Þ yadk esa tcls ;q¼
rqEgkjk ijkØe dk gSµ viuh iwjh dq'kyrk vkSj iwjh 'kfDr ds çn'kZu djus dkA eSa vkjEHk gqvk] rHkh ls okujksa }kjk tks tks jk{kl ekjs tkrs] os lc jko.k dh
fdlh vU; dks bl ;ksX; ugha ns[krk fd og gekjh lgk;rk dj ldsA rqe bl jhN vkKkuqlkj çfrfnu ejrs gh leqæ esa Qsd a fn, tkrs FksA ;g blfy, fd;k tkrk Fkk
vkSj okuj lsuk dks g"kZ çnku djks vkSj bu nksuksa Hkkb;ksa dks ck.kksa lss eqDr djks] tks fd ;fn os j.kHkwfe ij jgsxa ]s rks 'k=q mudh x.kuk djds tku ldsxk fd fdrus
budk ne ?kksV jgs gSAa Þ fQj os pkj vÚqr 'kfDr'kkyh tMÛh&cwfV;ksa ds fo"k; esa jk{kl thfor 'ks"k FksA bl dkj.k lc grkgr jk{kl LoLFkdj.kh egkS"kf/k;ksa dh
crkrs gSa vkSj mudks ykus dk vkxzg djrs gSAa ;s vkS"kf/k;k¡ fgeky; ds nks cgqr lqxU/k ls of´pr jgsA ;g tkurs gq, fd çÏfr esa dksbZ foLFkkiu ugha djuk
Å¡ps ioZrks&a ½"kHk rFkk dSyk'k ds chp esa fLFkr ioZr ij feyrh gSAa os gSa ^lathfouh pkfg,] guqeku us iqu% ml ioZr dks fgeky; ij gh igq¡pk fn;k] vkSj bl çdkj]
cwVh]* tks e`r dks Hkh iqu#thfor dj nsrh gSaA nwljh gS] ^fo'kY;dj.kh]* tks tSls mldks vLrO;Lr fd;k gh x;k u gksA nwljs volj* ij Hkh guqeku us ,slk gh
'kjtfur ?kkoksa dks Hkj nsrh gSA rhljh gS] ^lo.kZdj.kh]* tks e`R;q ds lehi foo.kZ fd;k gksxk] ;|fi dfo ioZr ds iqu% LFkkiu dk mYys[k djuk Hkwy x;k gSA ioZr
'kjhj dk o.kZ ykSVk nsrh gS vkSj vU; gS] ^la/kkud.khZ]* tks 'kjhj ds fo;qDr Hkkxksa dks f'k[kj dks fgeky; rd okil ys tkus vkSj ykSV dj jke ds ikl igq¡pus ij dsoy
tksMÛ nsrh gSA og 'kr~;kstu Nykax] tks guqeku us igys yxkbZ Fkh] bldh rqyuk esa * nsf[k, v-18, i`-288.

pkSFkkbZ&pkSFkkbZ 'yksd gSAa eSa le>rk gw¡ fd dfo dk mís'; ;g fn[kkuk gS fd bl Qwyksa dh yfMÛ;ksa ls vyaÏr Fkh vkSj ftlesa ik¡p&ik¡p vaxy q pkSMÛs yksgs ds i= tMÛs
volj ij guqeku us ;g dk;Z fdruh rRijrk ls vkSj 'kh?kzrkiwod Z fd;kA gq, FksA ml xnk esa lksus ds i= Hkh tMÛs Fks vkSj mls ghjksa vkSj ewxa ksa ls Hkh foHkwf"kr
vc eSa ,d vU; ijkØe dk mYys[k djrk gw¡] tks dqN fHkék çdkj dk gSA fd;k x;k FkkA ;g xnk ;enaM ds leku Hk;adj rFkk jk{klksa ds Hk; dks u"V djus
guqeku us j.k{ks= esa Hkh viuh 'kfDr ds vlk/kkj.k dkSrqd fn[kk;sA ftldk okyh FkhA ml bUæ/ot ds leku rstLoh xnk dks ?kqekrk gqvk] og egrstLoh
mYys[k ge igys ,d dj pqds gSaµ og Fkk jko.k ds iq=] v{k dk o/kA bl ijkØeh jk{kl fudqEHk eq¡g QSyk dj TÛkksj&TÛkksj ls xtZuk djus yxkA mlds
egÙoiw.kZ volj ij mUgksaus dbZ tkus&ekus jk{klksa dk o/k fd;k] tks vR;Ur o{kLFky esa lksus dk ind Fkk] Hkqtkvksa esa ckTÛkcw na lq'kksfHkr Fks] dkuksa esa fofp=
'kfDr'kkyh FksA lcls vf/kd egy ds jk{klksa esa ls] ftudk mUgksua s o/k fd;k] rhu dqMa y txexk jgs Fks] xys esa fofp= ekyk Hkyeyk jgh FkhA bu lc vkHkw"k.kksa ls
uke mYys[kuh; gSµ a nsokUrd] f=f'kjl vkSj fudqEHkA fudqEHk lcls egÙke FkkA ;qDr gksdj xnk dks /kkj.k djds fudqEHk oSlk gh 'kksHkk;eku Fkk] tSls fo|qr vkSj
,d cMÛh jkspd ckr ;g gS fd tc dHkh dfo çR;sd jktk ds eq[; eaf=;ksa dh xtZuk ls ;qDr es?k bUæ&/kuq"k ls lq'kksfHkr gksrk gSA tc ml egkdk; jk{kl us
x.kuk djrk gSA pkj gh çeq[k gksrs gSA ckfy] lqxzho vkSj jko.k& çR;sd ds xnk dks ?kqekuk 'kq: fd;k] rks mlls Vdjkdj çog&vkog vkfn lkr egkok;qvksa
pkj&pkj ea=h FksA ckfy ds eaf=;ksa ds uke dfo us ugha fn,A jko.k dh lwph esa dh lfU/k VwV&QwV xbZ rFkk og Hkkjh xMÛxMÛkgV ds lkFk /kwejfgr vfXu dh Hkk¡fr
lcls Åij Fksµ nq/kZj] çgLr] egkik'oZ vkSj fudqEHkA fudqEHk lcls vf/kd çTTofyr gks mBhA fudqEHk ds xnk ?kqekus ls foVikorh uxjh (vydkiqjh) xU/koks±
fo'oLr ik= Fkk] ftldh cqf¼ekuh ij jko.k vf/kd Hkjkslk djrk FkkA jko.k us ds mÙke Hkou] rkjs] u{k=] pUæek rFkk cMÛ&s cMÛs xzgksa ds lkFk leLr vkdk'k
tc çgLr ls dgk] ßesjs fdrus gh ;ksX; lsukifr bl ;q¼ dh HksVa gks x, gSAa ;g eaMy ?kwerk&lk çrhr gksus yxkA okLro esa mlds Øks/kkos'k ls ifjf/k ds ghjs
okuj lsuk vR;Ur Hk;adj çrhr gksrh gSA buds }kjk gekjs cgqr ls Js"B ;ks¼kvksa vR;f/kd çTTofyr gks mBs vkSj xtZu djrh çpaM çy;dky dh vfXu ds leku
dks thou ls gkFk /kksuk iMÛk gSA rqe esjs loZJ"s B ;ks¼kvksa esa ls ,d gksA eq>s vk'kk mlds osx ls leLr ân; vkØkfUrr gks mBsA ml le; jk{kl vkSj okuj Hk; ds
gS] rqEgsa vkSjksa ls vPNh lQyrk feysxhA uxj ds vR;Ur fudV okuj lsuk Nkouh ekjs fgyMqy Hkh u ldsA dsoy egkcyh guqeku gh viuh Nkrh [kksydj mlds
Mkys gq, gSAa rqEgkjs vfrfjDr dsoy pkj vkSj gS]a ftuesa eq>s dqN fo'okl gSµ Lo;a lkeus [kMÛs gks x,A fudqEHk dh Hkqtk,¡ xnk ds leku FkhA ml egkcyh jk{kl us ml
eS]a dqEHkd.kZ] bUæthr vkSj fudqEHkA eSa ugha tkurk fd bl uxj dh j{kk fdl lw;Z rqY; rstLoh xnk dks cyoku ohj guqeku dh Nkrh ij ns ekjkA guqeku dh
çdkj lEHko gS] ;fn rqEgkjs vfrfjDr bl yMÛkbZ ds fy;s fdlh vkSj dks Hkstk Nkrh cMÛh lqn`<Û vkSj fo'kky FkhA mlls Vdjkrs gh ml xnk ds lglk lSdMÛkas VqdMÛs
tk;sAÞ bl çdkj og çgLr dks mlds vfu"V dh vkSj vxzlj djrk gSA gksdj fc[kj x, ekuks vkdk'k ls lkS&lkS mYdk,¡ ,d lkFk fxjh gksAa egkdfo
vc ge ;q¼ ds ml eksMÛ ij vk igq¡ps gS]a tc dqEHkd.kZ ds nks iq=ks]a dqEHk guqeku xnk ls vkgr gksus ij ml çgkj ls fopfyr ugha gq,] tSls HkwdEi gksus ij
vkSj fudqEHk dk j.k{ks= esa ços'k gqvkA dqEHk lqxhz o }kjk ekjk x;k FkkA og vR;Ur Hkh ioZr ugha fxjrk gSA vR;Ur egku cy'kkyh okuj f'kjksef.k guqeku us bl
dqfir vkSj okujksa dks lcdÛ fl[kkus dk ladYi fy;s j.k{ks= esa igq¡prk gS vkSj çdkj xnk dh ekj [kkdj viuh eqëh ck¡/khA os egku rstLoh ijkØeh] osxoku vkSj
mldk lkeuk gekjs uk;d (guqeku) ls gksrk gSA ml fnu ds fudqEHk guqeku tSlk ok;q ds leku cy&foØe ls lEiék FksA mUgksua s eqDdk rku dj cMÛs rhoz osx ls
gh FkkA D;ksfa d guqeku rhj&deku dk ç;ksx ugha dj ldrs Fks] fudqEHk us dgk] fudqEHk dh Nkrh ij ekjkA ml eqDds dh pksV us fudqEHk dh fo'kky dk;k dks
ßeSa guqeku ls gkFkksa }kjk gh yMÛ¡wxkAÞ esjs eu esa Hkh ;g fopkj vk;k gS fd dfo }kjk >a>ksMÛ fn;k vkSj mldh Nkrh ls jDr dh /kkjk cgus yxhA ekuks es?k esa fctyh
bu ;q¼ksa ds o.kZu ds ,d uewus ds :i esa bl iwjs lxZ dk vuqokn nw¡] ftlesa ped jgh gksA ml çgkj ls fudqEHk fopfyr gks mBk] fQj FkksMÛh nsj esa lEHky dj
fudqEHk vkSj guqeku ds ikjLifjd ;q¼ dk fooj.k gSA mlus egkcyh guqeku dks idMÛ fy;kA ml le; ;q¼LFky esa fudqEHk }kjk
egkcyh guqeku dks mBk;k ns[kdj] yadkfuoklh jk{kl Hk;kud Loj esa fot;
guqeku }kjk fudqEHk dk o/k % (VI.77)
xtZuk lwpd djus yxsA ijUrq mudh ;g çlékrk dqN gh {k.kksa rd fVdh jghA ml
lqxhz o }kjk ekjs x, vius HkkbZ] dqEHk dks fudqEHk us i`Foh ij fxjk ns[kkA
jk{kl }kjk bl çdkj viâr gksus ij Hkh guqeku us vius otzrYq ; eqDds ls ml ij
mlus lqxhz o dh vksj bl çdkj ns[kk ekuks mUgsa vius Øks/k ls HkLelkr dj nsxkA
çgkj fd;kA fQj os mlds paxy q ls vius dks NqMÛk dj i`Foh ij [kMÛs gks x,A
ml /khj&ohj us eUnkj ioZr ds f'k[kj tSlk ,d lqUnj fo'kky xnk gkFk esa yh] tks
rnuUrj guqeku us Hkh rqjUr fudqEHk dks i`Foh ij ns ekjkA blds ckn mu
308 jkek;.k ds T;ksfr&LrEHk chlok¡ v/;k; 309

osx'kkyh ohj us cMÛs ç;kl ls fudqEHk dks i`Foh ij fxjk;k vkSj [Ûkcw jxMÛkA fQj osx guqeku ds cgqe[q kh pfj= ds ,d nwljs igyw ij çdk'k Mkyw¡xkA ge ns[ksxa ]s fdl
ls mNy dj os mldh Nkrh ij p<Û cSBAs nksuksa gkFkksa ls mldh xnZu ejksMÛ dj çdkj mUgksua s lhrk dh [kkst dh] [kkst djus ds i'pkr~ fdl çdkj mUgksua s lhrk
mUgksaus mlds eLrd dks m[kkMÛ fy;kA xnZu ejksMÛrs le; og jk{kl Hk;adj dks viuk ifjp; fn;k vkSj muds fujk'kkxzLr eu esa fo'okl tkxzr fd;k vkSj
vkrZukn dj jgk FkkA j.kHkwfe esa guqeku }kjk fudqEHk ds ekjs tkus ij] lHkh okuj fdl çdkj mUgksaus jke vkSj y{e.k ds lhrk fo"k;d vkxkeh dk;ZØeksa ds
cMÛs g"kZ ds lkFk xtZuk djus yxsA lEiw.kZ fn'kk,¡ dksykgky ls Hkj xb±A i`Foh lEcU/k esa egÙoiw.kZ vkSj ân;Li'khZ fopkjksa dk vknku&çnku fd;kA lqUnj dkaM
pyk;eku&lh çrhr gqb]Z vkdk'k ekuks QV x;k gks rFkk jk{kl lsuk esa Hk; lek esa lhrk Hkh vius pfj= dh çHkk ls vkyksfdr gSAa ;|fi esjk fopkj lhrk ij nks
x;kA v/;k; i`Fkd~ :i ls nsus dk gS] ij guqeku ij vyx ls fopkj djuk vlEHko gSA
vfUre ijkØe ftldk eSa mYys[k d:¡xk] og gS fgeky; ioZr dh nwljh eq>s lhrk dks Hkh ;nk dnk vkxs ykuk gksxkA ;|fi lqUnj dkaM vius uke ds
mMÛkuA bldk mYys[k eSa igys gh dj pqdk gw¡A* ;g og volj Fkk] tc y{e.k vuq:i Lo;a gh lqna j gS] bldh lqUnjrk rks mu dksey euksHkkoksa ds Lo:i esa gS]
jko.k dh 'kfDr ds çHkko ls ew£PNr iMÛs FksA egkS"kf/k;ksa }kjk mUgsa jkgr igq¡pkuk ftudk vknku&çnku guqeku vkSj lhrk ds e/; okrkZyki esa gqvkA mldk lkSUn;Z
cgqr vko';d FkkA fpfdRld] okuj lq"ks.k us guqeku ls vuqjks/k fd;k fd os vius rks bl ckr esa gS fd mlesa bu nksuksa dh çÏfr dh vkUrfjd çHkk lnk&lnk ds
iwoZ çn£'kr ijkØe dks ,d ckj iqu% nksgjkus dh Ïik djsAa bl volj dk o.kZu fy, çdk'keku gSA
nf{k.kh laLdj.k esa rks ugha feyrk] ijUrq brkyoh laLdj.k] ftlesa iwohZ ikB fn;k
x;k gS] ,d jksekapd fooj.k gS] fdl çdkj guqeku dks ekxZ esa fo?uck/kkvksa dk
lkeuk djuk iMÛkA ;g irk pyus ij fd guqeku egkS"kf/k;ksa dh [kkst esa jokuk gks
pqds gSa vkSj lathouh cwVh yk ldrs gS]a jko.k us dkyuseh uked vlqj dks guqeku
dks ekxZ esa jksdus dk vkns'k fn;kA ;g ,d lkgfld dkjukek gS vkSj blls guqeku
dks dkQÛh foyEc x;kA ekjhp ds leku dkyuseh Hkh vusd :i /kkj.k djus esa
çoh.k FkkA og ,d lk/kq dk :i /kkj.k dj guqeku ls vkfrF; dk vuqjks/k djrk
gSA dqN le; ds fy, rks lh/ks&lh/ks guqeku mlls >k¡ls esa vk tkrs gSAa fdUrq]
lglk mUgsa vglkl gksrk gS fd og dsoy "kM~;U= Fkk] tks mudks egÙoiw.kZ dk;Z ls
jksdus ds fy, jpk x;k FkkA os dkyuseh dk o/k dj nsrs gSa vkSj lQyrkiwod Z
vkS"k/kh ys vkrs gSAa lq"ks.k us mu tMÛh cwfV;ksa ls lEcfU/kr Bhd&Bhd tkudkjh ns
nh FkhA fdl çdkj os pepekrh gqbZ |qfreku cwfV;k¡ rqjUr mudh vk¡[kksa dks
vkd£"kr dj ysxa hA fdUrq bl laLdj.k esa ,slk fn;k x;k gS fd dkyuseh ds lkFk
;q¼ vkSj mlds lkFk yEcs Hkk"k.k ls mÙksftr gks tkus ds dkj.k] os tMÛh&cwfV;ksa dk
lVhd o.kZu Hkwy x,A** ioZr lfgr ykSVus ij os lq"ks.k ls [ksn çdV djrs gSa vkSj
{kek ek¡xrs gSaA egkS"kf/k;ksa dks ihl dj lq"ks.k y{e.k dks yxkrs gSa] ftlls os
iquthZfor gks tkrs gSAa
vc rd dh lwph esa eSa ,d&nks ckr vkSj dguk pkgw¡xk] guqeku ds ckjs es]a
eq[;r% muds gh eq[k lsA ijUrq] eSa mudks vkxs ds fy, LFkxfr djrk gw¡A vkxs] eSa
* nsf[k, v-18, i`-287.
** nsf[k, VI.102.32 ij fryd dh Vhdk % ß fpUrkeH;xePNhekutkuaLrka egkS"k/khe~AÞ
îwoZn`"VkukeI;ifjp;s iqjk.kkUrjksDrdkyusfHk;q¼ÏrfpÙkpk´pY;a gsrqfjfr cks/;e~A^

iul] uy vkSj lsukifr uhyA Vhdkdkjksa dk er gS fd dfo dk ;g LoHkko gS fd
og vo'; dksbZ ckr ,d ls vf/kd ckj nksgjkrk gS] ijUrq dqN U;wukf/kd egÙo ds
chlok¡ v/;k; ifjorZuksa ds lkFkA mnkgj.kkFkZ lqUnj dkaM ds rhlosa lxZ esa tc lhrk dks [kkst
fudkyus ds i'pkr~ guqeku bl lksp esa Fks fd fdl çdkj os viuh tkudkjh lhrk
guqeku dks ns]a jke dh fu'kkuh mUgsa HksVa djsa vkSj mUgsa lkURouk vkSj vk'oklu nsAa ml
le;] muds eu esa ;g vk'kadk gqbZ fd ,slk u gks fd lhrk ;g le> ysa fd
Nn~eos'k esa jko.k Lo;a gh vk igq¡pk vkSj Hk;Hkhr gksdj phRdkj dj cSBAas ;fn ,slk
gqvk] rks jk{kl yksx ladV dh psrkouh nsxa s vkSj jko.k ds vuqpj ml ?kVuk LFky
dfBu vkSj nq"dj dk;ks± esa ço`Ùk vf/kdka'k yksxksa dh Hkk¡fr] guqeku Hkh vkRefo'okl ij vk igq¡pxas s vkSj ifj.kke Lo:i mUgsa 'kk;n jk{klksa ls ?kksj la?k"kZ esa my>uk iMÛAs
vkSj fujk'kkokn ds euksHkkoksa ds e/; Mksyrs FksA dHkh rks mUgsa yxrk fd vo'; gh ,slh fLFkfr esa D;k muesa Nykax yxkdj ykSV tkus dk i;kZIr lkeF;Z cuk jgsxk ;k
ml dk;Z dks os iwjk dj ldrs Fks] ftldk chMÛk mUgksua s mBk;k gS] vkSj dbZ ckj os brus v'kDr vFkok fodykax gks tk;sxa s fd muds fy, ykSVuk vlEHko gksxkA
mUgksua s vius mÙkjnkf;Ro ds ?ksjs dks c<Ûk;k rd HkhA vU; voljksa ij muesa vius mUgsa yxk fd bl çdkj dk >xMÛk eksy ysuk cqf¼ekuh ugha gksxh] ftlls mudk
nkf;Ro dks iwjk djus ds lkeF;Z esa Hkh lUnsg gqvkA dfo Hkh mUgsa dHkh ,d euksn'kk vfLrRo gh yksi gks ldrk gS vFkok os brus v'kDr gks ldrs gSa fd viuk 'ks"k
es]a dHkh nwljh euksn'kk esa fn[kkrk gS] ftlds fy, mUgsa çk;% ,d egku ijkØe dk mÙkjnkf;Ro gh iwjk u dj ldsAa ßfuLlUnsg] eSa mudks dMÛk naM nw¡xk] ijUrq fQj eSa
Js; feyrk gSA og oLrqr%] tSlk fd eSa igys dg pqdk gw¡] muds }kjk lEiék D;k ykSVus ;ksX; jgk tkÅ¡xk\ eku yks eSa ekjk x;k vFkok cUnh cuk fy;k x;k]
dkjukeksa esa egÙke ugha gSA mudh 'kS'kodky dh Nykax vkSj mu dkjukeksa dh rks jke dk dk;Z lEiék dSls gksxk\ D;k okuj lsuk esa dksbZ ,slk vU; O;fDr gS]
rqyuk es]a tks os Hkfo"; esa djus okys Fks vFkkZr~ tc mUgksua s fgeky; rd Nykax ftls ;g egku dk;Z lkSia k tk lds] bl vk'kk ls fd og lQyrkiwod Z lEiék fd;k
yxkbZ] ,d iwjs ioZrf'k[kj dks m[kkMÛ yk;s vkSj fQj mls ;FkkLFkku j[k vk;s] tk ldsxk\Þ os mldk udkjkRed mÙkj nsrs gS]a ßeq>s rks dksbZ vU; O;fDr ,slk
leqæya?ku dqN Hkh ughaA ijUrq ikEcu ds ikj mudh Nykax ,slk dkjukek gS] ugha nh[krk] tks jke ds bl dk;Z esa lgk;rk dj ldsA esjs pys tkus ds i'pkr~ esjs
ftlds lkFk ^jkek;.k* esa mudk uke lcls vf/kd tqMÛk gqvk gS D;ksfa d blh ds ukrsnkjksa esa Hkh dksbZ vU; ,slk ugha] tks bruh cMÛh Nykax yxk ldsA ;q¼ esa pkgs
QyLo:i lhrk ds fBdkus vkSj lhrk ds fBdkus dk irk pyk vkSj ;gh mudh gTÛkkjksa jk{klksa dks lekIr djus dh {kerk Hkys gh eq>esa gks] ijUrq bl çdkj ds
mPpdksfV ds ijkØeksa dh çLrkouk cuhA tc mUgksua s bl Nykax dk dk;ZHkkj fy;k la?k"kZ esa viuh 'kfDr O;FkZ x¡ok nsus ds i'pkr~ leqæ ij Nykax yxkuk nwHkj gks
Fkk] rks ml le; ,slk lkekU;r% fo'okl Fkk fd dsoy muds firk ok;q vkSj x#MÛ tk;sxkA gj ,d yMÛkbZ es]a pkgs vkjEHk esa fdruk Hkh vkRefo'okl D;ksa u gks] ,d
gh ,slk djus esa l{ke gSAa guqeku] lhrk vkSj jke ds chp ;g Hkko ^jkek;.k^ esa vfuf'prrk cuh jgrh gSA eSa le>rk gw¡ fd bl dk;Z dks ladV esa Mkyuk dnkfi
ik¡p ckj O;Dr gqvk gS fd Hkwyksd ds lc çkf.k;ksa esa ls dsoy rhu& x#Reku] ok;q vkSj mfpr u gksxk]Þ bR;kfn] bR;kfnA bl çdkj eu esa rdZ&fordZ djus ds ckn
guqeku gh leqæ ya?ku dk peRdkj dj ldrs FksA ;|fi jkek;.k esa bl ckr dks ik¡p mUgksua s ;g fu'p; fd;k fd os jke dk xq.kxku djrs gq, vius dks lhrk ds le{k
ckj nksgjk;k x;k gS] fdUrq vk'p;Z dh ckr gS fd Lo;a okYehfd us dqN uke vkSj çdV djsxa As ,slk djus ls muds eu dk Mj de gks tk;sxk vkSj muds çfr fo'okl
Hkh fn;s gS]a tks bl çdkj ds dk;Z dj ldrs FksA ;g fdf´pr dfo okYehfd dh mRiék gks tk;sxkA dqN le; i'pkr~] tc os lhrk ls okrkZyki djrs gS]a os bl
vknr ds vuq:i gh gSA os çk;% fdlh ckr dk ,d ls vf/kd ikBkUrj nsrs gS]a çdkj dgrs gS]a ßlEifr ls okrkZyki djus ds i'pkr~ ge lc leqæ rV ij vk;s]
ftlls egÙoiw.kZ fooj.k esa ehu&es[k fudkyus okyksa ds fy, dqN vodk'k jgrk ml le; djksMÛkas okuj fujk'kk ls mnkl gks x,A tc esjs lkfFk;ksa us lkeus lkS
gSA mnkgj.kkFkZ lqUnj dkaM ds rhljs lxZ esa dqenq ] vaxn] lq"ks.k] eSUn] f}fon] ;kstu rd QSys gq, vFkkg leqæ ij n`f"V Mkyh] os lc grk'k gks cSB x;sA mUgsa
lw;iZ =q ] okuj dq'kio±] lqxhz o] dsreq ky vkSj guqeku ds uke fn, x;s gSAa ;q¼ dkaM bl çdkj mnkl vkSj fujk'k ns[kdj eSua s mudh fgEer c<ÛkbZ vkSj mudk eukscy
ds rhljs lxZ esa (V.2.30) tks uke fn, x;s gS]a os gSa % vaxn] f}fon] eSUn] tkEcoku] c<Ûkdj eSua s mUgsa fo'okl fnyk;k fd eq>esa ;g dk;Z djus djus dh {kerk gS vkSj
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eSua s ;g dk;Z lEiék Hkh dj fy;kA muesa ls dksbZ Hkh Lo;a dks bl Nykax yxkus esa ;g gekjs fy;s LokHkkfod gS fd vc ge FkksMÛk lk ihNs eqMÛ dj ns[ksa fd tc
l{ke ugha le>rk FkkAÞ okujksa us lhrk dh [kkst ds fy, fdf"dU/kk ls çLFkku fd;k Fkk] ml le; os Lo;a
vc ,d va'k gS] tks dqN my>u esa Mkyus okyk gSA tc guqeku lhrk ls D;k lksprs FksA viuh iwoZ fu/kkZfjr fHkék&fHkék fn'kkvksa esa fNrjus ls igys] tSlk fd
fonk ysus okys Fks] os iwNrh gS]a ßokuj lsuk fdl çdkj bl nq"ikj tyjkf'k dks ikj LokHkkfod gh Fkk ekuks mUgksua s vkxs dh vksj n`f"Vikr fd;k] ßeSa ;g d:¡xk] eSa og
dj ldsxh\ os la[;k esa pkgs fdrus Hkh c<Û p<Û dj D;ksa u gks] ijUrq blls D;k d:¡xk] lqxhz o dks brus tuksa dks Hkstus dh D;k vko';drk gS\ eSa rks vdsyh gh
gksxk] ;fn os bl ikj vk u lds\a Þ esjs HkkX; dk rks QSÛlyk viuh fcYdqy esjs ,d eqBHksMÛ esa jko.k dks lekIr dj ldrk gw¡A eSa ;gk¡ ds vklikl ds lc o`{kksa dks
HkkX; dk rks QÛl S yk gks x;kA LokHkkfod fujk'kkokn dh euksn'kk esa lhrk ;g fu"d"kZ m[kkMÛ Mkyw¡xk] bu igkfMÛ;ksa dks rksMÛ nw¡xk] /kjrh esa xÔs dj nw¡xk vkSj tgk¡ rd
fudkyrh gS]a ßdksbZ lk/ku uTÛkj ugha vkrk] ftlds }kjk mudk leqæ ikj djuk leqæ dh ckr gS] mls rks eSa lq[kk nw¡xkAÞ lqxhz o ds le{k] os bl çdkj dh Mhax
lEHko gks ldsA jke vkSj y{e.k ekuo tkfr ds gS]a os Hkh ;g dk;Z ugha dj ldrsA ekjus yxsA esjk mís'; rks dsoy ;gh fn[kkuk gS fd fdl çdkj cgq/kk vius
bl lalkj esa leqæ yka?kus dh 'kfDr rks dsoy rqe es]a x#MÛ vkSj ok;q nsork esa gh lkeF;Z dh vufHkKrk esa ge okLrfodrk tkus fcuk] dk;ks± dk mÙkjnkf;Ro ys ysrs
ns[kh xbZ gSA dksbZ pkSFkk çk.kh ugha] tks ,slk dj ldsA bl ekl ds vUr es]a tc gSAa ge lksprs gSa fd ge fdlh Hkh dk;Z dks djus esa l{ke gSAa ßtks ,d euq"; igys
jko.k ;gk¡ vk;sxk] ml le; esjs lkeus dsoy nks gh fodYi gksxa &s ;k rks eSa mldh dj pqdk gS] og nwljk euq"; Hkh dj ldrk gS]Þ ;g rks ,d dgkor gS] ftldk ge
iRuh cuw¡ ;k D;ksfa d ;g vlEHko gS] e`R;q dk vkfyaxu d:¡AÞ guqeku dks yxk] çk;% m¼j.k nsrs gSAa ijUrq cgq/kk gekjk vkRefo'okl vuqfpr gksrk gS] tSlk fd
fdlh u fdlh çdkj lhrk dk eukscy Å¡pk j[kuk cgqr vko';d gS vkSj mUgsa tc ge foifÙk esa Q¡l tkrs gS]a vkxkeh ?kVuk,¡ fl¼ dj nsrh gS fd ,slk ekuus esa
,slh n'kk esa çk.k R;kxus ij NksMÛ nsuk mfpr ughaA vr,o] mUgsa lkURouk nsus ds geus xÛyrh dh FkhA guqeku Hkh ,slh 'ks[Ûkh ekjus dh vknr ls vNwrs u FksA lhrk ls
fy,] mUgksua s vR;Ur mRlkg ls iw.kZ gksdj] ,d cMÛk >wB x<Ûk] ßvki mudks ugha fonk ysdj tc mUgksaus fu'p; fd;k fd yadk NksMÛus ls iwoZ os ,d nks ,sls dk;Z Hkh
tkurha] D;k&D;k egku dk;Z mUgksua s fd, gS!a ok;q iFk dk vuqlj.k djrs gq,] djsxa ]s ftUgsa yadkoklh lnSo ;kn j[ksxa As os lMÛdksa ij fpYyk&fpYykdj dgus
mUgksua s u tkus fdruh gh ckj leqæ vkSj /kjrh dks ikj djrs gq,] i`Foh dh ifjØek yxs] ßlgòksa jk{kl Hkh ;q¼ esa esjk lkeuk ugha dj ldrsA blls iwoZ fd ;s jk{kl
djds (;g ,d diksy dYiuk gS)A Þlqxhz o dh lsuk esa yk[kksa djksMÛkas esjs leku rFkk dksbZ tckoh dk;Zokgh djs]a eSa iyd >idrs gh bl uxjh dks /oal dj nw¡xkA fQj
eq>ls Hkh c<Ûdj ijkØeh okuj gSaA muds ikl dksbZ ,slk okuj ugha gS] tks ,d ckj iqu% lhrk ls fonk gksdj] leqæ ikj Nykax yxk nw¡xkAÞ os mu Hkkoksa esa xksrs
cy&ijkØe esa esjs ls de gksA lcls y?kq eSa gh gw¡A tc eSa vklkuh ls vk x;k] os yxk jgs Fks] ftUgsa ^;q¼ {ks= dh Mhax^ laKk nh tk ldrh gSA dksbZ Hkh O;fDr tks
lc vklkuh ls Nykax yxk ysxa s (;g lc rks vius mnkgj.k dk O;kidhdj.k gS] ,d la?k"kZ ds fy, mrjrk gS] viuh fdlh Hkh deTÛkksjh dks çdV ugha djsxkA og rks
tks oLrqr% lR; ugha gS)A jktk yksx çk;% vius loZJ"s Bksa dks nwr cukdj ugha Hkstk vius fo"k; esa [Ûkcw c<Û&p<Û dj cksyxs kA guqeku us Hkh ,slk gh fd;k] tks mUgsa
djrsA nwr dk;Z ds fy, lk/kkj.k dksfV ds yksx gh Hksts tkrs gSAa ;gh mudh çFkk gSA djuk gh FkkA
blh ds vuqlkj lqxhz o us eq>s Hkstk gSA vki fu#Rlkg u gksAa ,d gh Nykax esa os lc tc os jko.k ds le{k ys tk;s x,] rks igys mUgksua s lqxhz o dh vksj ls
;gk¡ igq¡p tk;sxa ]s lcds lc okuj]Þ guqeku dks ,slh ckras dgus esa TÛkjk Hkh f>>d vfHkoknu fd;k vkSj fQj tks dqN mUgksaus dgk] og muds vuqlkj lqxzho dk
ugha gqbAZ bldk va'k rks ;FkkFkZrk ls dkslksa nwj gSA dsoy ;gh dgk tk ldrk gS] ;g lUns'k FkkA tcfd oLrqr% ckr ,slh fcYdqy ugha FkhA ijUrq 'kh?kz gh lc f'k"Vkpkj
le; ds vuqdy q FkkA ugha] rks lhrk fu#Rlkg gks] vkRenkg Hkh dj ldrh FkhaA NksMÛdj] os jko.k dks Mjkus /kedkus yxsA ßo"kks± ls rqe yksduk;d cus gq, gks vkSj
ijUrq fofp= ckr rks ;g gS] fcYdqy tSlk fd geesa guqeku us ;g lc mudh igys ls gh euekuh djrs vk jgs gksA jkT;ksa dk /oal djuk] jktkvksa dks vius
fgEer c<Ûkus ds fy;s dgk gS] u fd D;ksfa d ;g ;FkkFkZ esa lR; gSA vr,o] yadkiqjh v/khu djuk] fL=;ksa dk vigj.k djuk] ;g lc rqe dj lds gks D;ksfa d rqEgsa
ds ngu ds i'pkr~] tc os vfUre ckj lhrk ls fonk ysus ds fy, vkrs gS]a lhrk nsorkvksa }kjk ojnku feys gq, gSAa rqeus igys tks /keZ fd;k Fkk] mldk iwjk&iwjk
,d ckj iqu% dgrh gaS fd eSa tkurh gw¡ rhu gh çk.kh bl leqæ dks yka?kus dh 'kfDr Qy rks ;gk¡ ik fy;k gSA vc bl lhrk gj.k :ih v/keZ dk Qy gh rqEgsa 'kh?kz gh
j[krs gS&a rqe] rqEgkjs firk ok;qnos rk vkSj x#MÛA feysxkA rqEgkjs nq"deZ vc QyhHkwr gksus okys gSAa lc okuj vkSj Hkkyqvksa ds chp
Jh jke us xEHkhj çfrKk dh gS fd os vius 'k=qvksa ls vo'; cnyk ysxa ]s ftUgksua s

lhrk dk vigj.k fd;k gSA rqe lhrk dks D;k le>rs gks] ftls rqeus leqæ ikj ß;g xU/koZ vL= vR;Ur foy{k.k vL= gS] ftlds }kjk bldks /kkj.k djus
ykdj cfUnuh cukdj j[k j[kk gS\ ftls rqe lhrk ds uke ls tkurs gks] mls okyk ,d ,d foi{k ds ;ks¼k ds lEeq[k Hk;adj :i esa [kMÛk çrhr gksrk gSAÞ ;g
lEiw.kZ yadk dk fouk'k djus okyh dkyjkf= le>ksA og rqEgkjs ikl dky dh fnO; vL=&cy eq> esa gS vkSj Hkxoku 'kadj es]a vFkkZr~ bldk ç;ksx eSa dj ldrk
Qk¡lh vk igq¡ph gS] ftlesa rqEgkjk xyk Q¡lk gSA FkksMÛs gh fnuksa esa og dl nh tkus gw¡ vFkok Hkxoku 'kadjA dfo ;gk¡ fQj fo".kq dk mYys[k ugha djrk] ftlls irk
okyh gSA vr% rqEgkjk vUr lehi gSA ;fn vius dks cpkuk pkgrs gks] rks rqjUr gh pyrk gS fd Lo;a viuh vfHkK esa jke] fo".kq Fks vkSj fo".kq dk mYys[k djus esa
lhrk dks Jh jke ds gokys dj nks vkSj mudh 'kj.kkxr gks tkvksA jke brus dksbZ rqd ugha FkkA bl çdkj ds va'k b/kj&m/kj feyrs gSAa
ijkØeh ;ks¼k gSa fd rhuksa yksd esa dksbZ Hkh ,slk çk.kh ugha] tks mudk lkeuk dj vc eSa guqeku ds lEcU/k esa bl n`f"V ls fopkj d:¡xk fd jke us fdl
ldsA pkj eq[k okyk czãk] rhu us= okys f=iqjuk'kd #æ vFkok nsorkvksa ds Lokeh çdkj mudk ewY;kadu fd;k vkSj muds xq.kksa dks ljkgkA guqeku dh egkurk dk
,s'o;Z'kkyh bUæ Hkh lejkaxu esa Jh jke ds lkeus Bgj ugha ldrsAÞ ;gk¡ dfo us dksbZ ifjek.k ugha gks ldrk] dksbZ ;Fkksfpr ifjek.k ugha& dsoy Lo;a jke ds
cMÛk /;ku j[krs gq,] fo".kq Hkxoku ds uke dk mYys[k ugha fd;kA blds ifjçs{; ewY;kadu ds vfrfjDrA vkSj ;fn jke us mUgsa viuk;k] rks ;g Bhd gh gSA vr,o]
esa ;g rF; gS fd ;g dguk fd fo".kq Hkxoku jke ds le{k ugha fVd ldrs] ;g irk yxkus ds fy;s fd jke ds muds fo"k; esa D;k fopkj Fks] gesa ^jkek;.k* ds
fujFkZd gS D;ksfa d jke Lo;a fo".kq ds vorkj gh gSAa dfo dh /kkj.kk esa fo".kq vkSj rhu ;k pkj lUnHkks± esa tkuk iMÛxs k] tgk¡ jke guqeku ds fo"k; esa [kqydj vius
jke ,d gh FksA vU; LFkkuksa ij Hkh fo'ks"k :i ls Hkxoku fo".kq dk mYys[k ugha fopkj O;Dr djrs gSAa fdf"dU/kk dkaM esa nksuksa HkkbZ igyh ckj guqeku ls ½";ewd
fd;k x;k gSAa ,d Lej.kh; mnkgj.k gS] ,d volj ij tc Jh jke us xU/koZ ioZr ij feys Fks] tgk¡ lqxhz o us vius pkj efU=;ksa lfgr vkJ; fy;k gqvk FkkA
vL= dk ç;ksx fd;k FkkA vius iq= bUæftr ds o/k ds i'pkr~ jko.k iq= 'kksd ls guqeku ds eu esa lUnsg mRiék gqvk fd dgha ;s yksx euq"; Nn~eos'k esa ckfy ds
vR;Ur O;kdqy gks x;k vkSj mldk ân; Øks/kkos'k ls Hkj x;kA mlus lhrk dks ekj xqIrpj u gksAa vr,o] lqxhz o ds funs'Z k ds vuqlkj] guqeku ,d lk/kkj.k Hkæiq#"k
Mkyus dk Hkh fu'p; fd;kA ijUrq lqik'oZ uked cqf¼eku ea=h ds le>kus ij og dh Hkkafr] fHk{kq dk :i /kkj.k djds muds lEeq[k x,A rnuUrj mUgksua s cMÛs fouhr
egy esa ykSV x;kA jktlHkk esa iqu% igq¡pdj mlus vius ç/kku&ç/kku ;ks¼kvksa dks Hkko ls mu nksuksa ohjksa dks ç.kke fd;k vkSj vR;Ur e/kqj ok.kh esa okrkZyki vkjEHk
lsuk uxj ls ckgj fudy dj ,dek= Jh jke dks pkjksa vksj ls ?ksj dj ekjus dk fd;kA guqeku us igys rks mu ohjksa dh leqfpr ç'kalk dhA fQj fof/kor~ vknj
vkns'k fn;kA jk{kl vkSj okuj ;q¼ us Hk;adj :i /kkj.k dj fy;kA jk{klksa }kjk djds vkSj viuk ifjp; nsdj mudk ifjp; iwNkA iwN&rkN djrs le; guqeku
ekjh tkrh gqbZ og okuj lsuk] Jh jke dh 'kj.k esa xbZA rc egkrstLoh Jh jke us laLÏr Hkk"kk ij viuk iw.kZ vf/kdkj çn£'kr djrs gSaA os u dsoy mPpkj.k]
jk{kl lsuk esa ços'k djds ck.kksa dh o"kkZ vkjEHk dj nhA Jh jke us jk{klksa dks xU/ O;kdj.k vkfn ij rFkk çkphu oSfnd lkfgR; vkSj dwVuhfrd dq'ky 'kCnkoyh ij
koZ vL= ls eksfgr dj fn;kA ml j.kHkwfe esa dHkh rks çR;sd jk{kl ds lkeus ,d Hkh vf/kdkj çn£'kr djrs gSAa mUgksua s nksuksa Hkkb;ksa ij tknw çHkko Mkyk fd os mlds
Hk;adj jke [kMÛk çrhr gksrk Fkk vkSj dHkh egklej esa ,d gh jke ds n'kZu gksrs FksA lEeksgu ls vNwrs u jg ldsA
tc ?kksMÛs vkSj jFk lfgr ewycy iw.kZr;k u"V gks x;k] rc cps gq, 'ks"k fu'kkpj Hkh jkt njckjksa dk ,d f'k"Vkpkj lEcU/kh fu;e gS fd ,d jktk dk nwljs jktk
'kkUr gks yadkiqjh Hkkx x;sA rnuUrj nsorkvksa us iq"i o"kkZ dh vkSj xU/koks± us ls gh laHkk"k.k] vkSj ,d ea=h dk nwljs ea=h ls gh okrkZyki djuk mfpr ekuk tkrk
t;xku xk;] ½f"k&eqfu] fl¼ksa us lk/kqokn nsdj Jh jke ds bl dk;Z dh ç'kalk gSA ;|fi jke Lo;a guqeku dks mÙkj ns ldrs Fks] tks cMÛs foLrkj ls iwNrkN dj
dhA {k.k Hkj ds fy, Jh jke us Lo;a fot;xfjek dk vuqHko Hkh fd;kA ml çlékrk jgs Fks] mUgksua s vius HkkbZ y{e.k dks mÙkj nsus ds fy;s vkns'k fn;kA y{e.k ls ckr
Hkjs euksHkko esa mUgksua s ns[kk] lqxhz o] foHkh"k.k] guqeku] tkEcoku] e;an] f}fon Hkh djrs gq,] ftldks guqeku Hkh lqu jgs Fks] jke ftu 'kCnksa dk ç;ksx djrs gS]a os
muds ihNs [kMÛs gSa vkSj vk'p;Zpfdr gq, mudks ,d vtwcs ds :i esa ns[k jgs gSa brus mPpdksfV dh 'kCnkoyh ls Hkjiwj gSa fd vk'p;Z gksrk gS fd dqN gh {k.k
vkSj lksp jgs gSa fd mUgsa dSlk foy{k.k fe= çkIr djus dk lkSHkkX; feyk gSA ml okrkZyki ls jke tSls ikj[kh ds eu ij dksbZ bruk çHkko Mky ldrk FkkA jke
le; Jh jke us muls dgk % y{e.k ls bl çdkj dgrs gSa %
,rnL=cya fnO;a ee ok «;EcdL; okA IV.94.38 uku`XosnfouhrL; uk;tqosZn/kkfj.k%A
uklkensofonq"k% 'kD;esoa çHkkf"krqeA~ A

uwua O;kdj.ka ÑRLueusu cgq/kk Jqre~A cksy ldrk] rks fu'p; gh dBksj ls dBksj 'k=q dk ân;&ifjorZu dj ldrk gSA
cgq O;kgjrkusu u fdafpni'kCnre~AA y{e.k! ftl jktk ds ikl buds leku nwr u gks] mls dk;ks± esa flf¼ dSls gks
u eq[ks us=;ksokZfi yykVs p Hkzoq ksLrFkkA ldrh gS\ ftlds dk;Zlk/kd nwr ,sls mÙke xq.kksa ls ;qDr gks]a ml jktk ds lHkh
vU;s"ofi p xk=s"kq nks"k% lafofnr% Dofpr~AA euksjFk nwrksa dh ckrphr }kjk gh fl¼ gks ldrs gSAa ;fn euq";ksa esa dksbZ 'kkld
vfoLrjelafnX/kefoyfEcreæqre~A dqN egku dk;ks± dk iwjk djuk pkgrk gS] rks mlds ikl ,d ea=h bl O;fDr tSlk
mj%LFka d.Bxa okD;a orZrs e/;es LojsAA gksuk pkfg,A ;fn fdlh ds ikl ,d ls vf/kd guqeku tSls lsod gks]a rks i`Foh ij
laLdkjØelaiékeæqrkefoyfEcrke~A mlds fy, dksbZ ,slk dk;Z ugha] tks og lEikfnr u dj ldsA mldks gj dk;Z esa
mPpkj;fr dY;k.kha okpa ân;gkfj.khe~AA lQyrk çkIr gksxhAÞ tks Nki guqeku çFke lk{kkRdkj esa nksuksa Hkkb;ksa ds ân; ij
vU;k fp=;k okpk f=LFkkuO;´tuLFk;kA NksMÛrs gS]a og vUr rd cuk, j[krs gSAa u dsoy laLÏr lEcU/kh O;ogkjdq'kyrk
dL; ukjk/;rs fpUÙkeq|rklsjjsjfiAA }kjk] vfirq viuh iw.kZ dÙkZO;fu"Bk ls vkSj fo'okl ls egku ls egku vkSj vR;Ur
,oafo/kks ;L; nwrks HkosRikfFkZoL; rqA nq"dj dk;ks± dks lEiék djus esa lQy gksrs gSAa vius Lokeh ds çfr dÙkZO; fuHkkus
fl/;fUr fg dFka rL; dk;kZ.kka xr;ks·u?kAA esa fdlh Hkh ladV dk lkeuk dj ldrs Fks] fdlh Hkh 'k=q dk eqdÛkcyk dj ldrs
,oax.q kx.kS;D
Zq rk ;L; L;q% dk;Zlk/kdk%A Fks vkSj fdlh Hkh ifjfLFkfr ls fuiV ldrs FksA
rL; fl/;fUr lokZFkkZ nwrokD;ç;ksfnr%AA IV.3.28-35 tc okujksa dh VqdfMÛ;k¡ pkjksa fn'kkvksa esa Hksth xb±] rkj] tkEcoku] uy] uhy
ßftls ½Xosn dh f'k{kk ugha feyh] ftlus ;tqonZs dk vH;kl Hkh ugha fd;k vkSj guqeku Hkh ml Vksyh esa FksA ml le; Jh jke us lkspk] eku yks buesa ls dksbZ
rFkk tks lkeosn dk fo}ku Hkh ugha gS] og bl çdkj dh lqUnj Hkk"kk esa okrkZyki ,d Hkh lhrk dks ns[k ikus esa lQy gks x;k vkSj og O;fDr ;fn dqN çek.k çLrqr
ugha dj ldrkA fu'p; gh blus lewps O;kdj.k dk dbZ ckj Lok/;k; fd;k gS] djuk pkgsxk fd og okLro esa mudk gh nwr gS] rks mldks D;k fn;k tk;s\ bu
D;ksfa d cgqr lh ckrsa cksyus ij Hkh] buds eq¡g ls dksbZ v'kqf¼ ugha fudyh (fdlh nh/kkZdkj okujksa esa ls fdldks ;g dk;Z lkSia k tk;s\ lqxhz o vkSj Jh jke ds chp ;g
Hkh O;fDr ds fy, ik¡p ;k N% okD; 'kq¼ vaxTsz Ûkh esa cksyuk vlEHko ugha] ijUrq fu'p; gqvk fd bl dk;Z ds fy, guqeku dks gh pquk tk;sA ml >q.M esa ls lqxhz o
;fn gesa vf/kd cksyuk iMÛ]s rks ge xÛyfr;k¡ dj nsrs gSa vkSj 'kq¼ ekud vaxt sz Ûh ds guqeku dks cqyokrs gSa vkSj muls dgrs gS]a ßguqeku! vf[ky fo'o esa dksbZ ,slk Hkkx
lkFk fo'okl?kkr djrs gS)a A guqeku okfXerk esa iw.kZr;k çoh.k yxrs gSAa laHkk"k.k ds ugha] tgk¡ rqEgkjh çxfr esa dksbZ vojks/k vk ldsA bl le; i`Foh ij dksbZ Hkh
le; buds eq[k] us=] yykV] HkkSgas rFkk vU; lc vaxksa Hkh dksbZ nks"k çdV gqvk gks] rqEgkjs leku ijkØeh ughaA ;|fi ge bl fo'kky lsuk dks lc fn'kkvksa esa Hkst jgs
,slk dgha Kkr ugha gqvkA vius lkjs okDo;oksa ij mUgsa iwjk vf/kdkj gS] fdlh dk gS]a ijUrq rqEgsa Lej.k jgs jke vkSj eS]a rqe (guqeku) ij fo"k; :i ls fof'k"V
Hkh mi;ksx xÛyr ugha gqvkA bUgksua s FkksMÛs 'kCnksa esa gh viuk vfHkçk; cMÛh lqi"Vrk mÙkjnkf;Ro Mky jgs gSAa loZ= vckf/kr xfr] osx] rst vkSj LQwfrZ dsoy rqEgkjs gh
ds lkFk fuosnu fd;k gSA mldks le>us esa dksbZ lUnsg ugha gqvkA #d&#ddj esa bu lc xq.kksa dk la;ksx fo|eku gS vkSj rqEgha esa ns'kdky dks vius vuqdy w
vFkok 'kCnksa dks rksMÛ ejksMÛdj fdlh ,sls okD; dk mPpkj.k ugha fd;k] tks lquus eksMÛus dh 'kfDr gSAa Þ guqeku ij lqxhz o ds Hkjksls ls jke Hkh vk'oLr gks x, vkSj
esa d.kZdVq gksA budh ok.kh ân; esa e/;ek :i ls fLFkr gS vkSj daB ls cS[kjh :i mUgksaus viuh Lo;a dh eqfædk guqeku dks ns nhA mls lkSai dj og dgrs gSa %
ls çdV gksrh gSA vr% cksyrs le; budh vkokTÛk u rks cgqr /kheh jgh gS] u cgqr vusu Roka gfjJs"B fpàsu tudkRetkA
Å¡phA e/;e Loj esa gh bUgksua s lc ckrsa dgha gSA os laLdkj (O;kdj.k) vkSj Øe eRldk'kknuqçkeuqf}Xukuqi';frAA
('kCnksPpkj.k) ls lEiék vÚqr /kkjkçokgh rFkk ân; dks vkuUn çnku djus okyh O;olk;'; rs ohj lÙo;qDr'p foØe%A
dY;k.ke;h ok.kh dk mPpkj.k djrs gSAa ân;] daB vkSj Hkw/kkZ& bu rhuksa LFkkuksa lqxhz oL; p lUns'k% flf)a dFk;rho esAA IV.44.13,14
}kjk Li"V :i ls vfHkO;Dr gksus okyh budh bl fofp= ok.kh dks lqudj fdldk ßbl fpÊ }kjk lhrk dks ;g fo'okl gks tk;sxk fd rqe esjs ikl ls gh vk;s
fpÙk çlék vkSj vkRek vºykfnr u gksxh\ o/k djus ds fy, ryokj mBk;s gq, 'k=q gksA blls og Hk; R;kx dj rqEgkjh vkSj ns[k ldsxhA rqEgkjk m|ksx] /kS;]Z ijkØe
dk ân; Hkh bl vÚqr ok.kh ls cny tk;sxk vFkkZr~ ;fn dksbZ guqeku dh Hkk¡fr vkSj lqxhz o dk lUns'k& ;s lc eq>s ,slk lUns'k ns jgs gSa fd rqEgkjs }kjk dk;Z dh

flf¼ vo'; gksxhA eq>s dksbZ vU; vk'oklu ugha pkfg, D;ksfa d esjs lqxhz o us bl dks lqudj thou /kkj.k d:¡xkA guqeu~! eq> ls fcNqMÛh gqbZ esjh e/kqjHkkf"k.kh
vR;Ur fof'k"V fu;qfDr ds fy, rqEgsa pquk gS vkSj ;g eqfædk lkSia us dks dgk gSA lqUnjh fç;rek lhrk us esjs çfr D;k lUns'k fn;k gSAÞ eSua s fo'o lkfgR; ds dks'k
esjs ,slk djus ds fy, ;g i;kZIr vk/kkj gSAÞ ;g guqeku ds çfr Jh jke ds ije esa cgqr de gh ,sls 'kCn i<Ûs gksxa ]s ftueasa buls vf/kd vuqjfDr vFkok O;Fkk
fo'okl dh fu'kkuh gSA O;Dr dh xbZ gksxhA blh n`'; esa vkxs jke guqeku dh vf/kd vkSj vf/kd ljkguk
vc ge TÛkjk bu nksukas dks lkFk&lkFk ns[ks&ml pje {k.k es]a tc guqeku djrs gSAa dkSu lh ç'kfLr i;kZIr gksxh] mlds fy,] ftlus ;g vlk/kkj.k fç; vkSj
lhrk dks thfor vkSj 'kjhj ls ldq'ky gksus dk vkuUndj 'kqHk lekpkj ysdj vk;s midkjh lsok dk;Z laiék fd;k Fkk\ vr% jke dgrs gSa %
vkSj muds bl vk'kk esa cus jgus dk fd ,d fnu mudk jke ls iqufeZyu vo'; d`ra guqerk dk;Z lqegöqfo nq"dje~A
gksxkA lc mifLFkr FksA rnuUrj Jh jke] y{e.k vkSj lqxhz o dks >qddj ç.kke eulkfi ;nU;su u 'kD;a /kj.khrysAA VI.1.2
djus ds i'pkr~ mUgksua s lc okujksa dks lhrk dk lekpkj crkuk vkjEHk fd;kA tc ßguqeku us cMÛk Hkkjh dk;Z fd;k gSA Hkwry ij ,slk dk;Z djuk vR;Ur
os pqi gks x,] Jh jke us vkxs dh ckr iwNhA Jh jke dk dFku lqudj os okuj lhrk dfBu gSA bl HkweMa y ij ,slk dk;Z djus dh ckr dksbZ eu esa Hkh lksp ugh ldrk]
ds o`ÙkkUr lqukdj] os lhrk }kjk nh xbZ pwMÛkef.k fudkyrs gSAa pwMÛkef.k dks ns[krs tSlk guqeku us lpeqp dj fn[kk;kAÞ
gh jke mls viuh Nkrh ls yxk dj jksus yxs] lkFk&lkFk y{e.k Hkh jks iMÛAs os blds ckn rhu 'yksdksa dk ,d [;kr va'k gSA gj ,d esa ;w¡ rks nwrksa lsodksa
viuh osnuk O;Dr djrs gSa vkSj O;Fkk lgu djus esa vleFkZ] os guqeku dks vFkok çfrgLrksa ds ,d oxZ dk fo'ks"k o.kZu gS]a ftudks Lokeh fdlh fo'ks"k dk;Z ds
lEcksf/kr djds iwNrs gSa % fy, fu;qDr dj ldrk gS vkSj dksbZ dke lkSia ldrk gSA ,sls dk;ZdrkZvksa dks jke
fdekg lhrk oSsnsgh czwfg lkSE; iqu% iqu%A us rhu x.kksa esa oxhZÏr fd;k gSA ijUrq] ;s cgqr vLi"V gSa] 'kCnksa dk pquko
fiiklqfeo rks;u s fl´pUrh okD;okfj.kkAA mi;qDr ugha gSA muls vFkZ Hkh lqLi"V O;Dr ugha gksrk] tSlk fd okYehfd dh 'kSyh
fpja thofr oSnsgh ;fn ekla /kfj";frA ds vuq:i gksuk pkfg,] ijUrq mudk rkRi;Z lkQÛ gSA
u thos;aq {k.kefi fouk rkeflrs{k.kke~AA ;ks fg Hk`R;ks fu;qDr% lu~ Hk=kZ deZf.k nq"djsA
fdekg lhrk guqeaLrÙor% dFk;k| esA dq;kZÙknuqjkxs.k rekgq% iq#"kksÙkee~AA
,rsu [kyq thfo";s Hks"ktsukrqjks ;FkkAA Hk`R;Lrq ;% ija dk;± u dq;kZéi` rs% fç;e~A
e/kqjk e/kqjkykik fdekg ee HkkfeuhA Hk`R;ks ;qDr% leFkZ'p rekgqe/Z ;ea uje~AA
ef}ghuk ojkjksgk guweu~ dFk;Lo esAA V.66.8,10,14,15 fu;qDrks uìrs% dk;± u dq;kZ|% lekfgr%A
ß,d ckj] nks ckj ugha ckj&ckj eq>s crkvks] oSngs h us D;k D;k dgk D;ksfa d Hk`R;ks ;qDr% leFkZ'p rekgq iq#"kk/kee~AA VI.1.8-10
eSa rks vc e`ror gw¡ vkSj ;s 'kCn o"kkZ ty d.k ds leku eq>s iquthZfor djsxa As tSls ijorhZ lkfgR; esa lsodksa vFkok ifjgLrksa dk ;g oxhZdj.k [;kr gks x;k gSA
csgks'k euq"; dks gks'k esa ykus ds fy, ty ds NhaVs fn, tkrs gS]a mlh çdkj lhrk ds vr% bl okD; jpuk ls u;k Kku çkIr djuk pkfg,A çFke Js.kh esa os lsod fxus
'kCn esjs dkuksa esa iMÛ dj ewfPNZr gq, ls eq> dks okD; :i 'khry ty dk tkrs gS]a tks Lokeh }kjk fdlh dk;Z esa fu;qDr gksus ij vius Lokeh ds O;Dr
fNMÛdko djds gks'k esa yk;sxa As rqeus crk;k fd mlds ikl vc dsoy ,d ekl dk vfHkçk; dks rks iwjk djrs gh gS]a vfirq mu mís';ksa dks Hkh /;ku esa j[krs gq,] tks
le; gS vkSj og dsoy blh vof/k esa thfor jguk pkgrh gS]a dsoy bl vk'kk esa Lokeh ds eu esa gksa] ijUrq O;Dr ugha fd;s x, gksaA os] u dsoy os gh dk;Z laiék
fd vof/k ds lekIr gksus ls igys eSa mldks eqDr djk yw¡A ;fn og ,d ekl rd djrs gS]a tks Lokeh us Li"Vrk ls crk;s Fks] vfirq vU; dk;ks± dks Hkh] tks fd eq[;
thou /kkj.k dj jgsxh] ftlls igys eSa vkdj mls eqDr djk yw¡] rc rks og cgqr mís'; dh iw£r esa lgk;d gksAa muesa cqf¼] fu"Bk vkSj leiZ.k dh Hkkouk Hkh gksrh gS]
le; rd th jgh gS& eSa rks tkudh ds fcuk vc ,d {k.k Hkh thfor ugha jg tks vius Lokeh ds fy, ;s lc ckrsa djus ds fy, mUgsa çsfjr djrs gS]a ,sls lsodksa
ldrkA guqeu~! eq>s Bhd&Bhd crkvks] lhrk us D;k D;k dgkA dqN Hkh cpk dj dks ^mÙke^ oxZ ds lsod dgk tkrk gSA tks ,d dk;Z ij fu;qDr ;ksX;rk vkSj
er j[kksA tSls jksxh nok ysus ls thrk gS] blh çdkj eSa lhrk ds bl lUns'k okD; lkeFZ; gksus ij Hkh Lokeh ds nwljs fç; dk;Z ugha djrs vFkkZr~ ftruk dgk x;k gS]

mruk gh djds ykSV vkrs gS]a mUgsa ê/;e^ Js.kh dk lsod crk;k x;k gSA tks lsod guqeku dh blls c<Ûdj D;k vfHkyk"kk gks ldrh Fkh\ mlh {k.k guqeku dks
fdlh dk;Z ij fu;qDr gksus ij viuh ;ksX;rk vkSj lkeF;Z gksrs gq, Hkh dk;Z esa ije in dh çkfIr gks xbZA ^jkek;.k* esa ,d vU; m¼j.k gS] tgk¡ vkfyaxu dks
lko/kkuh ugha cjrrs vkSj dg nsrs gSa fd og dk;Z ugha dj lds] os r`rh; Js.kh ds bruk Å¡pk egRo fn;k tkuk pkfg,A eSa vkidks ihNs vj.; dkaM esa ys tkrk gw¡]
lsod dgykrs gS]a vkSj mUgsa ^v/ke^ dgk x;k gSA tc jke [kj&nw"k.k vkSj muds pkSng lglz jk{klksa ij fot; çkIr dj ykSVs FksA
fuLlUnsg guqeku dks çFke Js.kh esa j[kk x;k gS vkSj mudks Å¡ph ls Å¡ph mUgksua s lhrk vkSj y{e.k dks ,d xqQk esa NksMÛ fn;k FkkA ;q¼ dh lekfIr ij] tc
ç'kfLr gksrh gSA mudh Hkwfj&Hkwfj ç'kalk djds jke dgrs gS]a ßeSa D;k d:¡\ bl y{e.k lhrk lfgr ioZr dh dUnjk ls fudydj ckgj vk x,] rc jke us vkJe
le; rqEgsa iqjLÏr djus ds fy, esjs ikl dqN Hkh ugha gSAß Lej.k jgs] ge jke ds esa ços'k fd;kA lhrk vius Lokeh ij vR;Ur xfoZr Fkha] muds g"kZ dh lhek u FkhA
fo"k; esa ckr dj jgs gS]a tks nw/k vkSj e/kq ls Hkjiwj çns'k ds ,d mPpre çrkih bl ;q¼ ls iwoZ mUgksua s jke ls iwNk Fkk fd bu jk{klksa ls mUgsa >xMÛk eksy ysus dh
jkt?kjkus ds oa'kt Fksµ ,d ,sls O;fDr ds fo"k; es]a ftlds gkFk] nsuk tkurs Fks D;k vko';drk Fkh\ mUgsa og lc Lej.k vkrk gSA dfo dgrk gS %
vkSj og Hkh vfoyEcA ijUrq bl le; rks os lqxhz o ds esgeku Fks vkSj ,d dkSMÛh dks ra n`"V~ok 'k=qgUrkja eg"khZ.kka lq[kkoge~AA
Hkh viuh ugha dg ldrs FksA nqfu;k ds egku iq#"k fdlh O;fDr ds çfr viuh cHkwo â"Vk oSngs h HkrkZja ifj"kLotsA III.30.39,40
çlékrk ds çek.k Lo:i mls dqN u dqN mi;qDr migkj :i esa nsus ls dHkh u ßegf"kZ;ksa dks lq[k nsus okys vius 'k=qgrk ifr dk n'kZu djds oSngs h dks cMÛk
pwdaxs As ;fn os vçlék gSa] rks viuh ukjkTÛkxh dk vglkl fnyk;s fcuk Hkh u jgsaxAs g"kZ gqvkA mUgksua s ijekuUn esa fueXu gksdj vius Lokeh dk vkfyaxu fd;kAÞ
mudh çlékrk çkIr djuk cMÛs lkSHkkX; dh ckr gSA ijUrq budh vçlékrk ls gekjs f'k"V ?kjkuksa es]a tgk¡ vkpj.k vkSj O;ogkj fu/kkZfjr mPpre vkn'kks±
cpdj jguk vPNk gSA tc ,d jktk mi;qDr le; ij fdlh lqik= dks iqjLdkj ds vuqdwy fu;af=r gksrs gSa] lkekU; ijEijk ;g gS fd igys ifr iRuh dk
nsus esa Lo;a dks vleFkZ ikrk gS] rks vki mldh ekufld ihMÛk dk vuqeku ugha dj vkfyaxu djrk gSA 'kk;n gh dksbZ eSa le>rk gw¡] ,d f'k"V iRuh tkdj vius ifr
ldrsA TÛkjk mudh ekufld O;Fkk dks rks lksp!as vkius dnkfpr~~ ,d ukeh phuh dk igys vkfyaxu djsxhA ijUrq bl volj ij lhrk ;g leqfpr e;kZnk Hkwy xbZ
lezkV ds fo"k; esa i<Ûk gksxk] ftlds lsod lksu]s pk¡nh vkSj vU; eqækvksa ls Hkjh Hkjh vkSj tSls gh os vius ifr ls feyh] mUgksua s tkdj LosPN;k mu dk vkfyaxu dj
isfV;ksa ls yns lnSo mlds lkFk jgrs FksA tc dHkh og dksbZ vlk/kkj.k ckr ns[krk] fy;kA ;g vR;Ur nqyHZ k vkÍkn Fkk] tks fdlh ifr dks çkIr gks ldrk gSA
rks og ml O;fDr dks fof'k"V ;FkksfpÙk migkj fn;k djrk FkkA ;fn dksbZ O;fDr tc jko.k dks o/k gks pqdk Fkk vkSj mlds LFkku ij foHkh"k.k vfHkf"kDr dj
dqN rkfRod ;k cqf¼eÙkkiw.kZ ckr dgrk] rks og dqN u dqN migkj vo'; nsrk fn;k x;k Fkk] ml le; jke us ;g 'kqHk lekpkj lhrk dks igq¡pkus ds fy, guqeku
FkkA ,slh mnkjrk egkurk dh lPph fu'kkuh gSA eq>dks Hkh vius O;fDrxr thou dks fu;qDr fd;kA eq>s ;g çlaxa bl lUnHkZ esa ;kn vkrk gS] tc guqeku us lq[kn
esa dqN yksxksa ls ifjp; gqvk gS] ftu ij bZ'oj dh Ïik gS vkSj ftudk ekuuk gS lekpkj lhrk dks lquk;k] rks mls lqudj lhrk dk eu gqvk dh lUns'kokgd dks
;fn thou esa fdlh ds }kjk mUgsa çlékrk vFkok euLrks"k çkIr gks] rks lk/ku vHkko dqN iqjLdkj nsA os cksyha] ßeSa vius Lokeh dh fot; ls lEcU/k j[kus okyk ;g
ds dkj.k mlds çfr vkHkkj vçn£'kr ugha jguk pkfg,A bl volj ij jke vius fç; laokn lqudj vkuUnfoHkksj gks xbZ gw¡A ,slk fç; lkpkj lqukus ds dkj.k eSa rqEgsa
dks ,d ^nhu^ dgrs gSaA dqN iqjLdkj nsuk pkgrh gw¡A fdUrq] eq>s bl ;ksX; dksbZ oLrq fn[kkbZ ugha nsrh] bl
bna rq ee nhuL; euks Hkw;% çd"kZfrA HkweMa y eas dksbZ ,slh oLrq ugha nh[krh] tks bl fç; laokn ds vuq:i gks] ftls rqEgsa
;fngkL; fç;k[;krquZ dqÆe ln`'ka fç;e~AA nsdj eSa lar"q V gksÅ¡A lksuk] pk¡nh] ukuk çdkj ds jRu vFkok rhuksa yksdksa dk jkT;
,"k loZLoHkwrLrq ifj"o³~xks guwer%A Hkh bl fç; lekpkj ds fy;s mi;qDr iqjLdkj ugha gks ldrkAÞ
e;k dfyfeea çkI; nÙk'pkLrq egkReu%AA IV.13.14 vc eSa bl egkdkO; ds vfUre va'k ij vkrk gw¡ vFkkZr~ Jh jke dk
ßvkt esjs ikl iqjLdkj nsus ;ksX; oLrq dk vHkko gS_ ;g ckr esjs eu esa jkT;fHk"ksd vkSj vUr esa lcdh fonkbZA jkT;kfHk"ksd dks ns[kus ds fy, vfrfFk;ksa esa
cMÛh dÛld iSnk dj jgh gSA ;gk¡] ftlus eq>s ,slk fç; laokn lquk;k] mlds fy, gS& okujksa ds >qMa ] vkSj jk{klksa easa dsoy foHkh"k.k vkSj mlds pkj ea=hA vkuUnksRlo
eSa dksbZ oSlk gh dk;Z ugha dj ik jgk gw¡A bl le; bu egkRek guqeku dks eSa dsoy ds lekiu ij] tks dnkfpr~~ eghukas pyrk jgk vkSj dqN ds vuqlkj ,d o"kZ i;ZUr]
viuk çxk<Û vkfyaxu çnku djrk gw¡ D;ksfa d ;gh esjk loZLo gSAß jke vfrfFk;ksa dks okil tkus dh vuqefr nsrs gSAa ;g¡k rks gekjk rkRi;Z dsoy
322 jkek;.k ds T;ksfr&LrEHk bDdhlok¡ v/;k; 323

guqeku ls gh gSA ^jkek;.k* esa bl çlax ij nks fooj.k gSAa ,d ;q¼ dkaM ds vUr ,dSdL;ksidkjL; çk.kku~ nkL;fe rs disA
esa vkSj nwljk mÙkj dkaM esa mi;qDr LFkku ijA os iw.kZr;k ,d nwljs ls esy ugha 'kS"kL;sidkjk.kka Hkoke _`f.kuks o;e~AA VII.40.22
[kkrs] ijUrq ewy :i ls os ,der gSAa Jh jke us igys czkã.kksa dks] rRi'pkr~ vius ßrqeus tks dqN vidkj fd, gS]a muesa ls ,d ds fy, Hkh eSa vius çk.k
fe= lqxhz o dks vkSj mlds ckn ckfy iq= vaxn dks migkj fn,A guqeku dks jke us U;ksNkoj dj ldrk gw¡A rqEgkjs 'ks"k midkjksa ds fy;s rks eSa ½.kh gh jg tkÅ¡xkAÞ
dqN ugh fn;kA rRi'pkr~ mÙke ef.k;ksa ls ;qDr] tks pUæek ds leku çdkf'kr gks e`¸;so th.kZrka ;krq ;Ùo;ksiÑra gjsA
jgs Fkh] ,slh ef.kekyk Jhje us lhrk ds xys eas Mky nhA lhrk us ml eqDrkgkj dks uj% çR;qidkjFkhZ foifÙkefHkdka{kfrAA VII.40.23*
viuk;k ugha vkSj dqN {k.k igudj tkudh vius xys ls mls mrkj dj ckjackj ßJs"B O;fDr;ksa dh fof'k"Brk ;g gksrh gS fd os fdlh ds çfr dh xbZ HkykbZ
leLr okujksa rFkk ifr Hkh vkSj ns[kus yxhaA mudh bl ps"Vk dks le>dj Jh jke dk cnyk ugha pkgrs D;ksfa d çk;% ge nwljkas ds çfr midkj tc Hkh djrs gS]a tc
us tkudh dh vksj ns[kdj dgk] ßrqe bldks ns ldrh gks fdlh dks Hkh] ftlls rqe os fdlh ladV esa gksAa mnkgj.kkFkZ] tc ,slk volj vk;s fd ge nwljksa dh thou
çlék gksAÞ j{kk dj lds]a rks rc gh ;g nwljksas ds çfr mPpre HkykbZ gksxhA vius fe= ls ,slh
çnsfg lqHkxs gkja ;L; rq"Vkfl Hkkfeuh A vuqdEik çkiIr djus ds fy, vkidks Hkh ladVxzLr gksuk pkfg,A vr% ;fn ,d
rstks /k`fr;Z'kks nk{;a lkeF;± fou;ks u;%AA fe= ;g vis{kk j[krk gS fd mlds midkj ds fy;s mlh Lrj ij çfrQy feys] rks
ikS:"ka foØeks cqf);ZfLeésrkfu fuR;nkAA VI.31.81,82 mls Hkh mlh Lrj dh foifÙk esa Q¡luk iMsÛxkA vr% guqeku! tks dqN Hkh rqeus esjs
ßlkSHkkX;'kfyfu! Hkfefu! rqe ftl ij lUrq"V gks] mls ;g gkj ns nksA ftlesa fy, fd;k gS] mlds cnys dh vis{kk er j[kksA eSa rks ladV esa Q¡lk Fkk vkSj eq>s
rst] ?k`fr] ;'k] prqjrk] 'kfDr] fou;] uhfr] iq#"kkFkZ] ijkØe vkSj mÙke cqf¼ ;s Hk;adj ;q¼ Hkh djuk iMÛkA rqeus ,sls le; esa esjh lgk;rk djds eq> ij Hkkjh
ln~x.q k lnk fo|eku jgrs gS]a mls ;g ns nksAÞ ogk¡ dsoy ,d gh ,slk O;fDr Fkk] midkj fd;kA ;fn mu midkjksa dk cnyk nsuk pkgw¡] tks rqeus esjs çfr fd,] rks
tks bl çokgeku o.kZu ds vuqdy w mrjrk Fkk] vkSj os Fks] guqekuA mÙkj dkaM esa rqEgkjs Åij Hkh dksbZ foifÙk VwV iMÛuh pkfg,] ftlls eSa rqEgsa NqMÛk ldw¡! blfy,
;g çlax vkSj Hkh foLrkjiwod Z gS vkSj bl o.kZu ds vuqlkj gkj ds vfrfjDr vkSj vPNk ;gh gSa fd rqEgkjs midkj esjs ân; esa loZnk rkTÛkk cus jgsAa Þ bl 'yksd dk
Hkh guqeku dks cgqr dqN vf/kd feyrk gSA ge lcdks ekywe gS mUgsa vkSj D;k vFkZ ;g Hkh yxk;k tk ldrk gS] ßrqEgkjs midkjksa ds cnys esa eSa dqN ugha djuk
feykA tc jhN] okuj vkSj jk{klksa dks tkus dh vuqefr ns nh xbZ] rc guqeku pkgrkA tks cnys ds fy, dksbZ HkykbZ djuk pkgrk gS] og Hkh ,d çR;qidkjkFkhZ
fouez gksdj Jhj?kqukFk ls cksys % gksrk gSAÞ
Lusgks es ijeks jktaLRof; fr"Brq fuR;nkA
HkfDr'p fu;rk ohj Hkkoks ukU;= xPNrqAA
;koækedFkk ohj pfj";fr eghrysA
rkoPNjhjs oRL;fUr çk.kk ee us la'k;%AA VII 40.15,16
ßvkids çfr esjk egku Lusgs lnk cuk jgsA vki esa gh esjh HkfDr fu'py
jgsA vki ds flok vkSj dgha esjk vkUrfjd vuqjkx u gksA bl i`Foh ij tc rd
jkedFkk çpfyr jgs] rc rd fu%lUnsg esjs çk.k bl 'kjhj esa gh cls jgsAa Þ guqeku
ds ,slk dgus ij Jh jke us flgkalu ls mBdj mUgsa ân; ls yxk fy;k vkSjk
LusgiwodZ bl çdkj dgk] ßdfiJs"B! ,slk gh gksxk] blesa la'k; ughaA lalkj esa esjh * bl [;kr 'yksd (VII.40.24) dk ;g ikB vIi¸;k nhf{kr ds *dqoY;uUn^] 70 vuqKkçdj.k ds vuqlkj gSA
dFkk tc rd çpfyr jgsxh] rcrd rqEgkjh dhfrZ vfeV jgsxh vksj rqEgkjs 'kjhj xksfoUnjkt] eqEcbZ laLdj.k vkSj MLJ laLdj.k es ;g bl çdkj gS %
esa çk.k Hkh jgsxa !s tc rd ;s yksd jgsxa ]s rc rd esjh dFk Hkh cuh jgsxhAÞ blds en³xs th.kZrka ;krq ;Ùo;ksiÏr disA
ckn ,d çfl¼ va'k gS % uj% çR;qidkjk.kekiRLok;kfr ik=re~AA

guqeku us Li"Vr;k ;g çn£'kr dj fn;k fd os fdl tkfr fo'ks"k ds gSAa
vki eq>s {kek djsxa ]s ;nk&dnk bl ckr dk mYys[k djus ds fy, fd ;|fi dfo
;g çfrikfnr djrk gS fd guqeku lc çdkj ds xq.kksa esa cgqr Å¡pk mB pqds Fks]
bDdhlok¡ v/;k; rFkkfi og gesa fdlh Hkh voLFkk esa ;g Hkwyus ugha nsrk fd çÏfr vkSj LoHkko ls os
guqeku fdl tkfr fo'ks"k ds gSAa ßos viuh iw¡N dks iVdus vkSj pweus yxsA viuh okujksa
tSlh çÏfr dk çn'kZu djrs gq,] vkufUnr gksdj mNyus&dwnus yxs] b/kj&m/kj
nkSMÛus yxsA os dHkh [kEcksa ij p<Û tkrs vkSj dHkh i`Foh ij dwN iMÛrs FksAÞ ekuks ;g
fn[kkus ds fy, fd os dsoy okuj gh u Fks] vfirq ,sls O;fDr Fks] tks lc 'kkL=ksa
ge igys gh ns[k pqds gSa fd uxj dh fuf'pUr vkSj fujkin [kkst ;k=k ds vkSj osnksa dk xgu&xEHkhj v/;;u dj pqds Fks vkSj mRÏ"V uSfrd vkpkj lafgrk
mís'; ls guqeku us Lo;a dks fcYyh tSls NksVs vkdkj esa ifj.kr dj fy;kA mUgksua s ls Hkh HkyhHkk¡fr ifjfpr Fks] gesa irk pyrk gS fd guqeku dks Hkkjh /keZ&ladV
yadkiqjh esa ços'k fd;k vkSj jk{kljkt jko.k ds lqçfl¼ jktegy esa cgqr [kkst ds eglwl gqvkA mUgksua s Loxr dgk] ßeSa D;k d:¡\ D;k ;g esjs fy, mfpr gS\Þ
ckn] lhrk ds ogk¡ feyus dh vk'kk es]a mUgksua s jko.k ds vUr%iqj esa ços'k fd;kA fujh{kek.k'p rnk rk% fL=;% l egkdfi%A
guqeku us jko.k ds iwjs vUr%iqj esa lhrk dks <¡<w k] ij os dgha Hkh fn[kkbZ ugha nhaA txke egrha fpUrka /keZlk/ol'kf³~dr%AA
fQj os jko.k ds egy esa igq¡p]s ogk¡ Hkh vU;kU; jk{klksa ds ?kj esa Hkh [kkst dhA os ijnkjkojks/kL; çlqIrL; fujh{k.ke~A
iqu% egy esa vk x,A mUgksua s jko.k dk mÙke vkSj vuqie Hkou ns[kk] tks Js"B galksa bna [kyq eekR;Fk± /keZyksia dfj";frAA
}kjk vkdk'k esa ogu djrs gq, foeku dh Hkkafr çrhr gksrk FkkA pkjksa vksj ?kweus ij u fg es ijnkjk.kka n`f"VÆo"k;oÆruhA
Hkh lhrk dks u ns[kdj guqeku fpfUrr gks x,A yadkorhZ loZJ"s B egku x`g ds v;a pk= e;k n`"V% ijnkjifjxzg%AA V.38.40
e/; Hkkx esa guqeku us ns[kk] ,d mÙke&Hkou 'kksHkk ik jgk FkkA ml mÙke vkokl mUgsa vglkl gqvk fd mu fL=;ksa ij n`f"Vikr djus ls os vkpkj lafgrk dk
dk voyksdu djrs gq,] os ,d ,sls lqUnj x`g esa igq¡ps] tks jko.k dk futh vfrØe.k dj jgs gSAa mu lksrh gqbZ fL=;ksa dks ns[krs&ns[krs egkdfi guqeku /keZ
fuokl&LFkku FkkA ml egy ds e/; Hkkx esa nwljk Hkou Fkk] ftlesa iq"id&foeku ds Hk; ls 'kafdr gks mBsA muds ân; esa cMÛh Hkkjh fpUrk mifLFkr gks xbZA os lkspus
FkkA ,d fnO; xU/k lw¡?krs&lw¡?krs] os ,d cgqr cMÛh vkSj lqUnj gosyh esa igq¡p x,] yxs] ßxk<Û fuæk esa lksbZ gqbZ ijfL=;ksa dks ns[kuk mfpr ugh ga AS HkkX; us eq>s ,sls
ftlesa jko.k Lo;a fuokl djrk FkkA guqeku us vUr%iqj esa çxk<Û fuæk esa yhu gqbZ LFkku ij yk fn;k] tgk¡ eq>s fuækeXu fL=;ksa dks ns[kuk iMÛ jgk gSA bl n`'; ls]
mldh fL=;ksa dks Hkh ns[kkA mUgksua s ogk¡ cgqr dqN ns[kk] ftldks vPNk gksrk] ;fn vupkgs Hkh] vuqfpr fopkj esjs eu esa mB jgs gS]a tSlk fd igys dHkh ugha gqvkA
mUgksua s ugha ns[kk gksrkA jko.k dh fL=;ksa esa ls cgqr lh fooL=rk Fkha vkSj muds ;g rks esjs /keZ dk fouk'k dj Mkysxa As Þ
'kjhj ij fpÊ Fks] Li"Vr;k vkeksn&çeksn vkSj jaxjfy;kas ds lwpdA buds chp ßesjh n`f"V dHkh Hkh ijkbZ fL=;ksa ij ugha iMÛh FkhA ;gk¡ vkus ij ijkbZ fL=;ksa
mudh n`f"V eUnksnjh ij iMÛ xbZ] tks yadk dh jkfu;ksa esa loksiZ fj lqUnjh Fkh vkSj dk vigj.k djus okys bl ikih jko.k dk Hkh n'kZu gqvkAß rnuUrj guqeku ds
jkt dh iVjkuh Fkh vkSj jktk dks lcls vf/kd fç; FkhA mldh lqUnjrk vkSj eu esa ,d nwljh fopkj /kkjk mRiék gqbAZ os lkspus yxs] blesa gtZ Hkh D;k gS\ blesa
je.kh;rk dks ns[kdj guqeku dks ,slk yxk fd ogh lhrk u gksaA [kkst dh lQyrk lUnsg ugha jko.k dh fL=;ksa fu%'kad lks jgh Fkha vkSj mlh voLFkk esa eSua s mu lcdks
ds vkHkkl ds mYykl es]a tSlk fd dfo us fouksnkFkZ mudk fp=.k fd;k gS] mUgksua s vPNh çdkj ns[kk] rFkkfi eSa 'kq¼ ân; ls dgrk gw¡] esjs eu esa dksbZ fodkj mRiék
Bhd oSlh gh ps"Vk;sa dha] tSlk fd okujksa ls vis{kk dh tk ldrh gS] tc os vkuUn ugha gqvkA lEiw.kZ bfUæ;ksa dks 'kqHk vkSj v'kqHk voLFkkvksa esa yxkus dh çsj.kk nsus dk
foHkksj gks tkrs gSAa ;g 'yksd cgqr çfl¼ gS % dkj.k rks eu gSA fdUrq] esjk eu iw.kZr% fLFkj gS vFkkZr mlesa jkx&}s"k ugha gSA
vLQksV;kekl ppqEc iqPNa uuUn fpØhM txkS txkeA blfy, esjk ;g ij L=h&n'kZu /keZ dk yksi djus okyk ugha gks ldrkAÞ
LrEHkkujksgféiikr HkwekS fun'kZ;u~ Loka çÑfra dihuke~AA V.10.54
324

dkea n`"Vk e;k lokZ fo'oLrk jko.kfL=;%A rLeknfuoZns dja ;Rua ps"Vs·geqÙkee~AA V.12.10,11
u fg es eul% fdafó}SÑR;eqii|hrsAA ßgrk'k u gksdj] mRlkg cuk;s j[kuk gh mfpr gSA vUr esa eSa iqu% mu
euks fg gsr%q los"Z ;fefUæ;k.kka çorZrAs LFkkuksa esa lhrk dh [kkst d:¡xk] tgk¡ vHkh rd vuqlU/kku ugha fd;k x;kA mRlkg
'kqHkk'kqHkkLooLFkklq yPp es lqO;ofLFkre~AA gh çkf.k;ksa dks loZnk lc çdkj ds deks± esa ço`Ùk djrk gSA blfy, vc eSa vkSj Hkh
ukU;= p e;k 'kD;k oSngs h ifjekÆxrqeA~ mÙke ,oa mRlkgiwod Z ç;Ru ds fy, ps"Vk d:¡xkAÞ
fL=;ks fg L=h"kq n`';Urs loZFkk ifjekxZ.ksAA
bl fujk'kk dh fLFkfr esa guqeku dkQÛh nsj rd ,d vfr xgu fpUru esa
;L; lÙoL; ;k ;ksfuLrL;ka rRifje`X;rsA
[kks tkrs gsAa bl fo"k; ij eSa ckn esa vkrk gw¡A ,d iwjk yEck rsjgok¡ lxZ gS] tksfd
u 'kD;k çenk u"Vk e`xh"kq ifjekÆxrqeA~ A
muds Lokxr Hkk"k.k ls iwjk Hkjk gqvk gSA ;g eSa ckn esa çLrqr d:¡xkA bl ds
rfnna ekÆxra rkoPNq)u s eulk e;kA i'pkr~ guqeku v'kksd&ou esa tk igq¡ps vkSj ogk¡ FkksMÛh nsj esa lhrk dk irk py
jko.kkUr%iqja lo± n`';rs u p tkudhAA
tkrk gSA os lhrk dh igpku dj ysrs gS]a mu fpÊksa }kjk] ftudk iwjk fooj.k Jh
fda uq eka okujk% losZ xra o{;fUr laxrk%A jke mudks igys gh ns pqds FksA lhrk ds lkSUn;Z vkSj mudh 'kksHkk dk o.kZu brus
xRok r= Ro;k ohj fda Ñra r}nLo u%AA
foLrkj ls mUgsa fn;k x;k Fkk fd mlds vk/kkj ij dksbZ Hkwy gks gh ughsa ldrh FkhA
vn`"V~ok fda ço{;kfe rkega tudkRetke~A lhrk dh [kkst dj os vk'p;Zpfdr gks tkrs gSAa mudk lkSUn;Z] je.kh;rk vkSj
/kzoq a çk;eqi"S ;fUr dkyL; O;frorZrAs A V.11.42-46;12.7,8
mudh ml le; 'kksdxzLr eqæ dks ns[kdj vk'p;Zpfdr gks tkrs gSAa dfo crrk
ßeSa ;gk¡ vk;k gw¡] lhrk dh [kkst esAa LokHkkfod vuqeku rks ;gh gS fd os Hkh
gS fd bl foy{k.k O;fDr ds eu es]a tks lc yksdksa dks ns[k pqdk Fkk] ml le;
bu fL=;ksa esa fey tk;sAa lhrk dks nwljh txg eSa <w¡< Hkh rks ugha ldrk Fkk D;ksfa d
fdl çdkj ds fopkj vkrs gS]a tc mUgksua s Lo;a lhrk dks viuh vk¡[kksa ls ns[kk] tks
fL=;ksa dks <w¡<rs le; fL=;ksa ds chp gh <w¡<k tkrk gSA D;k eSa lhrk dh [kkst fgj.kksa
futh je.kh;rk] ikfrozR; vkSj cqf¼eÙk xq.kksa ds dkj.k lalkj dh vewY; jRu FkhaA
ds e/; d:¡\ ftl tho dh tks tkfr gksrh gS] mlh chp mls <w¡<k tkrk gSA vr%
eSua s jko.k ds lEiw.kZ vUr%iqj esa 'kq¼ ân; ls vUos"k.k fd;k] fdUrq ;gk¡ Hkh tkudh ç.k"Vkfi lrh ;L; eulks u ç.k';frAA
ugha fn[kkbZ nha vkSj esjh [kkst fu"Qy jghA vc eSa D;k d:¡\ tc eSa ykSVdj b;a lk ;RÑrs jke'prqfHkZ% ifjrI;rsA
tkÅ¡xk] rc lkjs okuj feydj D;k dgsxa \s os iwNxas ]s ôhj! ogk¡ tkdj rqeus D;k dk:.;suku`'kaL;su 'kksdsu enusu pAA
fd;k\ ;g gesa crkvksA^ fdUrq] tudufUnuh lhrk dks u ns[kdj eSa mUgsa D;k L=h ç.k"Vsfr dk:.;knkfJrsR;ku`'kaL;r%A
mÙkj nw¡xk\ ;g gesa crkvksA fdUrq] le; lekIr gks tkus ij] vc eSa fu'pr gh iRuh u"Vsfr 'kkssdsu fç;sfr enusu pAA V. 15.48-50
vkej.k miokl d:¡xkAÞ ß;g Jh jke dh fç; lhrk [kksbZ tkus dkj.k vn`'; gks tkus ij Hkh muds
ekul vkSj ân; ls foyx ugha gqbZ gSAa ;s os gh lhrk gS] ftuds dkj.k Jh jke bl
bl çdkj FkksMÛh nsj rd grk'k ls gksdj os fQj lkspus yxs vkSj fopkj vk;k
txr esa d#.kk] n;k] 'kksd vkSj isez & bu pkj dkj.kksa ls lUrÌr gSAÞ
fd os iqu% lhrk dh [kkst ds fy;s fudya]s ftlls dksbZ dksuk Hkh vuns[kk u NwVAs
mUgksua s fu'p; fd;k fd os pkj bap txg Hkh vuns[kh u NksMÛsxa As fuLlUnsg bruh Jh jke ds eu esa pkj euksHkko gS]a tks mUgsa lhrk ds dkj.k mnkl j[krs gSAa
txg esa rks lhrk fNih ughs jg ldrhA NksVh ls NksVh txg Hkh] pkgs pkj bap Hkh dfo mudk o.kZu djrk gSA ;g dqN vlkekU; gSA bu pkjksa dk lEcU/k fdl çdkj
D;ksa u gks] guqeku us vuns[kh ugha NksMÛhA fujk'kk dks R;kx mUgksua s nwljs <ax ls Jh jke ds eu ls tksMÛk tk;s\ ,d L=h [kks xbZA og muij vfJr Fkh] mu ij
lkspuk vkjEHk fd;k % Hkjkslk djrh Fkha vkSj muds fo'ks"k ls og mudh iRuh Fkh vkSj çs;lh HkhA bldk
fopkj djds jke 'kksd ls O;kdqy FksA muds ân; esa vrho fo"kkn Fkk] tks ,d
vfuosZn% fJ;ks ewyefuosZn ija lq[ke~A
;U=.kknk;h ihMÛk esa ifjo£rr gks x;kA bl çdkj guqeku ds vuqlkj] Jh jke bu pkj
vfuosnZ ks fg lrra lokZFks"kq çorZd%AA
çdkj dh osnrkvksa ls O;fFkr FksA lhrk dk n'kZu gksus ij] guqeku dk /;ku LoHkkfodr%
djksfr lQya tUrks% deZ ;ÙkRdjksfr l%A

ml le; jke ij tkrk gS fd bl le; muds eu dSlh Hkkouk,¡ meMÛ jgh gksxa h] fdl nq%[kn n`'; ns[kdj fdruh vlá osnuk gqbZ gksxhA jko.k dks ns[kdj lhrk nq%[k]
çdkj mUgksua s lhrk dk o.kZu fd;k Fkk] bR;kfnA ,d vR;Ur çfl¼ 'yksd gS % Hk; vkSj fpUrk easa Mwc xbZ vkSj cSBh&cSBh jksus yxhA jko.k mUgsa rjg&rjg ds
nq"dja Ñroku~ jkeks ghuks ;nu;k çHkq%A çyksHku nsus yxkA lhrk us mls le>k;k vkSj Jh jke dh rqyuk esa mls ux.;
/kkj;R;kReuks nsga u 'kksdu s kolhnfrAA V.15.53 crk;kA jko.k lhrk dks nks ekl dh vof/k nsdj vkSj Mjk /kedk dj fL=;ksa lfgr
;g ,d lqUnj 'yksd gSAS ßbuds fcNqMÛ tkus ij Hkh Jh jke viuk 'kjhj iqu% egy dh vkSj ykSV x;kA rRi'pkr~ jk{kfl;ksa us lhrk dks le>kuk 'kq: fd;kA
/kkj.k fd;s gq, gS]a 'kksd ls f'kfFky ugha gksrAs ;g mUgksua s vR;Ur nq"dj dk;Z fd;k lhrk mudh ckr ekuus ls budkj djus ij jkf{kfl;ksa us mUgsa ekjus&dkVus dh
gSA ;s jke rks vR;Ur fu"Bqj O;fDr gSAa os ,slk dk;Z Hkh dj ldrs gS] tks vU; /kedh nhA 'kksd lUrIr lhrk d#.k foyki djus yxh vkSj çk.k R;kxus dk
O;fDr;ksa ds fy, vR;Ur nq"dj gS& bl nsoh ls fcNqMÛ dj os thfor gSAa Þ fu'p; djrh gSAa guqeku us Hkh lhrk dk d#.k foyki] jk{kfl;ksa dh Mk¡V&MiV] ;s
blds i'pkr~ dksey Hkkoukvks]a dYiukvksa dk rk¡rk 'kq: gksrk gSA lc ckrsa Bhd&Bhd lqu yhaA mUgksua s lkspk] ß;fn eSa lhrk dks lk¡Rouk fn, fcuk
pyk tkÅ¡xk] rks esjk ;g vkuk&tkuk nks"k;qDr gksxkA esjs pys tkus ij] lhrk
rqY;'khyo;ksoÙ` kka rqY;fHktuy{k.kke~A viuh j{kk dk dksbZ mik; u ns[k dj os vius thou dk vUr dj nsxa hA blesa
jk?koks·gZfr oSngs ha ra ps;eflrs{k.kkAA
lUnsg ugha ;fn bl jkf= ds chrrs&chrrs eSa lhrk dks lk¡Rouk u ns ldk] rks os
;fn jke% leqækUrka esfnuha ifjorZ;r s A~ vius thou dk ifjR;kx dj nsaxhA vPNk rks ;g gksxk fd bu jk{kfl;ksa ds
vL;k% Ñrs txPpkfi ;qDrfeR;so es efr%AA
jgrs&jgrs volj ikdj ;gha cSBs cSBs bUgsa /khjs&/khjs lk¡Rouk nw¡AÞ vUrr% tc lc
jkT;a ok f="kq yksd"s kq lhrk ok tudkRetkA gV x, vkSj ,slk yxk] Fkdh gqbZ jk{kfl;k¡ lksus ds fy;s pyh xb±] rc guqeku
=SyksD;jkT;a ldya lhrk;k ukIuq;kRdyke~AA V.16.5,13,14 fu'p; djrs gS]a ;fn laHko gks] rks lhrk ls ckrsa dh tk;sAa os lkspus yxs okuj
ßlhrk&jke dh tksMÛh ;Fksfpr gS]Þ ,slk ,d okuj dgrk gS] tks iDdk gksdj Hkh eSa ;gk¡ ekuoksfpr laLÏr Hkk"kk esa cksy¡wxk] ijUrq ,slk djus esa Hkh ,d ck/
czãpkjh gSA ßlhrk ds 'khy LoHkko] vkLFkk vkSj O;ogkj Jh jke ds leku gh gSAa kk gSA ;fn eSa f}t dh Hkk¡fr laLÏr dk ç;ksx d:¡xk] rks lhrk eq>s Nn~eos'k esa
mudk dqy Hkh Jh jke dqy ds leku gh egku gSA vr% Jh jke fonsg dqekjh lhrk jko.k le> dj Hk;Hkhr gks tk;sxa hA ,slh n'kk esa vo'; gh eq>s ml lkFkZd dkS'ky
ds loZFkkZ ;ksX; gSAa rFkk ;g dtjkjs us=ksa okyh lhrk Hkh mUgha ds vuqdy w gSAa ,slh cksyh dk ç;ksx djuk pkfg,] tks v;ks/;k ds vkl&ikl lk/kkj.k turk dh cksyh
L=h ds [kks tkus ls] tks mUgsa iqjLdkj :i esa çkIr gqbZ Fkh] ,slk cgqeYw ; loZJ"s B gSAÞ vr% mUgksua s fu'p; fd;k fd os mUgha dh cksyh esa okrkZyki djsxa ]s ftlls lhrk
jRu ds fy;s ;fn Jh jke leqæ i;ZUr i`Foh rFkk lkjs lalkj dks myV ns]a rks Hkh esjs dks muds fo"k; esa dksbZ HkzkUr/kkj.k u gksA rRi'pkr~ viuh vlk/kkj.k cqf¼erk
fopkj ls vuqfpr vFkok vfrek= u gksxkA os rks ,d ,slh vuqie ikfjrksf"kd gS]a vkSj xgu euksoK S kfud le>nkjh ds dkj.k muds eu esa /;ku vk;k fd mUgsa lhrk
tks mUgsa iqu% çkIr djus ds fy;s ;fn vko';d gks] rks dqN Hkh u"V fd;k tk ds le{k vpkud çdV ugha gksuk pkfg,A vPNk rks ;gh gksxk fd igys Jqfr vFkok
ldrk gSA ,d vksj rhuksa yksdksas dk jkT; vkSj nwljh vksj lhrk dks j[kdj rqyuk dku }kjk mudk /;ku vkdf"kZr fd;k tk;sA ;g Hkh fuf'pr fd;k fd mfpr rks
dh tk;s] rks f=yksdh dk lkjk jkT; lhrk dh ,d dyk ds NksVs ls va'k ds cjkcj ;gh jgsxk fd lhrk ds ifr vkSj muds ifjokj ls lEcfU/kr dqN 'kCn dg dj
Hkh ugha gks ldrkAÞ okrkZyki vkjEHk fd;k tk;s D;ksfa d muds fy, rks Jh jke gh lc dqN gS]a loZLo gS]a
bl çdkj ml ou dh 'kksHkk ns[krs&ns[krs vksj lhrk dh [kkst djrs gq, ldy lEiw.kZ thou gS]a T;ksfr gSAa vr% mudh ppkZ] mUgha ds xq.kxku lhrk dks
guqeku dh lkjh jkr çk;% chr xbZA çkr% tkxus ij jk{kljkt jko.k us lc çdkj Jqfre/kqj yxsxa As bl çdkj cgqr lksp&fopkj dj] guqeku us lhrk dks lquq krs gq,
ds vkHkw"k.k /kkj.k fd;s vkSj viuh fL=;ksa ls f?kjs gq,] mlus v'kksd&okfVdk esa e/kqj ok.kh esa Jh jke ds fo"k; esa cksyuk vkjEHk fd;kA mudh ckrsa lqudj lhrk
ços'k fd;k vkSj lqUnjh lhrk dks ns[kus ds fy;s muds ikl x;kA ml le; guqeku vk'p;Zpfdr gks xb± vkSj os leLr fn'kkvksa esa n`f"V nkSMÛkus yxhaA vUrr% 'kk[kkvksa
us mls /;kuiwod Z ns[kkA blds ckn dbZ lxZ gS]a ftueasa guqeku dh Hkwfedk ,d esa fNis gq, guqeku dks çrhr gqvk fd Jh jke dh ppkZ lquus ij Hkh lhrk ds eu esa
n'kZd ds :i eas gSA mudh eSa mis{kk djrk gw¡] ;g dgdj fd mUgsa vius le{k ;g dqN fo|eku gSA guqeku us ml v'kksd o`{k ls uhps mrj dj] vatfy ck¡/k dj
fouhr Hkko ls mudk ifjp; tkuuk pkgkA os le> rks x, fd os lhrk gh gS]a ijUrq

rqjUr ,slk dguk mfpr u tku dj os viuh ckr yEch djrs gq, iwNrkN djrs dks mudh okuj lsuk lfgr yadk esa yk;k tk ldrk gS\ D;k yadk dh /kjrh ij
gSA os dgrs gSa % ;q¼ djds mudks okil ys tk;k tk ldrk gS\ os dgrh gS]a ßgs okuj Js"B! vki
jksnuknfrfu%'oklkn~HkwfelaLi'kZuknfiAA eq>s Jh jke vkSj muds HkkbZ ds lEcU/k esa lc dqN crkb,xkA os D;k dj jgs gS\a
u Roka nsohega eU;s jkK% laKko/kkj.kr~AA V.33.10,11 os vkrs D;ksa ugha\ D;k vHkh eSa muds fy;s dqN gw¡\ mUgsa rks vHkh rd vk tkuk
ßyEch&yEch lk¡l [khapdj vki jksus yxha rFkk i`Foh dk Li'kZ djus ds pkfg, Fkk vkSj eq>s ;gk¡ ls ys tkuk pkfg, FkkA eq>s rks vc yxrk gS] esjk ej.k
dkj.k eSa vkidks fnO; çk.kh Hkh ugha eku ldrkA vki ckj ckj jke] jke dgdj ;gha gksxkAÞ fQj os dqN jkgr eglwl djus ds fy, ç'uksa dk rk¡rk ck¡/k nsrh gSA ;s
fdlh jktk dk uke ys jgha gSA esjk vuqeku Bhd gh gksxk fd vki lhrk gh gSAa Þ ç'u mlh 'kSyh esa gS]a ftlesa Jh jke v;ks/;k dkaM esa Hkkjr ls jkT; ds lEcU/k esa
guqeku dh ckr lqudj lhrk us viuk ifjp; nsrs gq, ouxeu vkSj iwNrs gS]a ml çfl¼ ^dfPpRlxZ* es]a ftlesa dfPpr~ 'kCn NCchl 'yksdksa esa frgÙkj
vigj.k dk lEiw.kZ o`ÙkkUr dg lquk;k vkSj vUr esa os dgrh gSa % ckj nksgjk;k x;k gSA os guqeku ls yxHkx chl ç'u djrh gS]a vius ifr] y{e.k
rFkk vU;ksa ds fo"k; esAa rRi'pkr~ os dgrh gSa %
}kSeklkS rsu es dkyks thforkuqxgz % Ñr%A
Å/o± }kH;ka rq eklkH;ka rrLR;{;kfe thfore~AA V.33.31,32 u pkL; ekrk u firk p ukU;% Lusgkf}f'k"Vks·fLr e;k leks okA
ßnqjkRek jko.k us vuqxzg iwoZd esjs thou /kkj.k ds fy;s nks ekl dh rkoÙoga nwr ftthfo"ks;a ;koRço`fÙka Ük`.kq;ka fç;L;AA
vof/k fuf'pr dh gSA ;fn bl vof/k esa eSa eqDr u gqb]Z rks bu nks eghuksa ds ckn brho nsoh opua egkFk± ra okujsUæa e/kqjkFkZeD q RokA
vius çk.kksa dk ifjR;kx djus ds vfrfjDr esjs ikl dksbZ vU; fodYi u gksxkAÞ Jksraq iquLrL; opks·fHkjkea jkekFkZ;D q ra fojjke jkekAA V.36, 30-31
ßnwr! esjs ifr vkSj Lokeh jke ds fy;s i`Foh ij esjs leku fç; vU; dksbZ
nq%[k ij nq%[k mBkus ds dkj.k ihfMÛr lhrk dk mi;qZDr opu lqudj
vkSj ugha gSA muds ekrk&firk rFkk vU; lEcU/kh Hkh ,sls ugha gS] ftUgsa mudk
guqeku us mUgsa lk¡Rouk nsrs gq, dgk] ßnsfo! eSa Jh jke dk nwr gw¡ vkSj vkids fy,
Lusg eq>ls vf/kd vFkok esjs cjkcj feyk gksA eSa rks rHkh rd thfor jguk pkgrh
lUns'k yk;k gw¡AÞ ;g lqudj nsoh lhrk ds lEiw.kZ vax esa g"kZtfur jksekap gqvk vkSj
gw¡] tc rd vius fç;re ds fo"k; esa vkSj mudh fØ;k'khyrk ds fo"k; esa dqN lqu
os guqeku ls cksyhaA eq>s ,d çfl¼ yksdksfDr dk è;ku vk jgk gS] tks ,d yEcs
jgh gw¡AÞ
le; ls pyh vk jgh gS %
dY;k.kh cr xkFks;a ykSfddh çfrHkkfr ekA nsoh lhrk okuj Js"B guqeku ds çfr bl çdkj ds vFkZiw.kZ e/kqj opu
,fr thoUrekuUnks uja o"kZ'krknfiAA V.34.6 dgdj] Jh jke ds lEcU/k esa mudh e/kqj ok.kh iqu% lquus ds fy, pqi gks xb±A
ß;fn euq"; thfor jgs] rks mls dnkfi vk'kk ugha NksMÛuh pkfg,A lkS o"kZ dfo us cMÛh prqjkbZ ds lkFk ^jke* 'kCn dk ç;ksx pkj ckj fd;k gSA rc guqeku
ckn Hkh vFkkZr~ dkykUrj esa rks vo'; vkuUn çkIr gksrk gh gSA ;g ykSfdd vatfy ck¡/k dj laons u'khy 'yksdksa esa mÙkj nsrs gSAa Lej.k jgs] guqeku lnk blh
dgkor vkt eq>s fcYdqy lR; ,oa dY;k.ke;h tku iMÛrh gSA eq>s yxrk Fkk fd çdkj ^f'kjL; vatfyek/kk;* vknj çn'kZu djrs gS]a tc os jke vFkok y{e.k dks
vc eSa vkSj vf/kd thfor ugha jg ikÅ¡xh] fdUrq vc Jh jke }kjk Hksts x,] vki lEcksf/kr djrs gSAa ;s cgqr gh euksgj iafDr;k¡ gS]a ftuesa os lhrk ds çfr Jh jke ds
ds vkus ls eq>s thou dh vk'kk iqu% gks xbZ gSAÞ euksHkkoksa dk lVhd o.kZu djrs gSa %
'kksdlUrIr lhrk dh ok.kh lqudj guqeku muds dqN fudV igq¡p x;sA rokn'kZutsuk;sZ 'kksdsu p ifjIyqr%A
u 'keZ yHkrs jke% flagkfnZr bo f}i%AA
blls lhrk dks ;g 'kadk gksus yxh fd ;g dgha Nn~eos'k esa Lo;a jko.k gh u gksA
ijUrq guqeku }kjk Jh jke ds xq.kxku lquus ls mudk lUnsg tkrk jgkA rnékrj ey;su p foU/;su es:.kk eUnjs.k pA
lhrk dks iDdk fo'okl fnykus ds fy;s] os mUgsa Jh jke dh eqfædk nsrs gSAa dqN nnZqjs.k p rs nsfo 'kis ewyQysu pAA
va'kksa dks NksMÛrs gq,] vc ge ml Hk;adj n`'; ij vkrs gS]a tc lhrk Lo;a dks vius ;Fkk lqu;ua oYxq fcEcks"Va pk:dq.Mye~A
Hkhrj fujk'kk ds xrZ esa Mqcks nsrh gSAa os dgrh gS]a ßesjk vc D;k gksxk\Þ mUgsa eq[ka æ{;fl jkeL; iw.kZpUæfeoksfnre~AA
fo'okl ugha gks jgk Fkk] ;|fi guqeku us mUgsa [kkst fy;k Fkk] fQj Hkh D;k Jh jke f{kça æ{;fl oSnsfg jkea çlzo.ks fxjkSA

'krØferqoklhua ukdi`"BL; ew/kZfuAA ßmudk fpÙk lnk vki gh esa yxk jgrk gSA mudk /;ku dgha vkSj tkrk gh
u ekala jk?koks Hkq³D ~ rs u pkfi e/kq lsorsA ughaA os vkids /;ku esa brus [kks;s jgrs gSa fd mUgsa vius ru&cnu dh Hkh lq/k
oU;a lqfofgra fuR;a HkDre'ukfr i´pee~AA ugha jgrhA ePNj dhMÛ&s edksMÛs muds 'kjhj ij p<Û tkrs gSa vkSj dkVrs jgrs gS]a
uSo n'kké e'kdké dhVké ljhlìku~A ijUrq os mudks gVkrs rd ugha] ;gk¡ rd fd cMÛs liks± dks Hkh ugha gVkrsA ;|fi ;s
jk?koks·iu;snx ~ k=kr~ Ron~xrsukUrjkReukAA muds 'kjhj ij jsxa rs jgrs gS]a rks Hkh mUgsa dksbZ ijokg ughaA mudks irk gh ugha
fuR;a /;kuijks jkeks fuR;a 'kksdijk;.k%A jgrk fd os mudks rax dj jgs gSAa os vkids /;ku esa brus vf/kd rYyhu jgrs gSAa
ukU;fPpUr;rs fdafpRl l rq dkeo'ka xr%AA Jh jke vkids çse esa brus o'khHkwr gSa fd lnk vkidk gh /;ku djrs jgrs gSa vkSj
vfuæ% lrra jke% lqIrks·fi p ujksÙke%A fujUrj vkids fojg&'kksd esa Mwcs jgrs gSAa vkidks NksMÛdj nwljh dksbZ ckr os
lhrsfr e/kqjka ok.kha O;kgju~ çfrcq/;rsAA lksprs gh ughaA Jh jke dks lnk vkidh fpUrk ds dkj.k uhan dHkh ugha vkrh gSA
n`"V~ok Qya ok iq"ia ok ;}kU;Rlqeuksgje~A ;fn dHkh vk¡[k yx Hkh tkrh gS] rks ^lhrk&lhrk* bl e/kqj ok.kh dk mPpkj.k
cgq'kks gk fç;sR;soa 'olaLRokefHkHkk"krsAA djrs gq, os tYnh ls tkx mBrs gSAa fdlh Qy] Qwy vFkok fL=;ksa ds eu dks
l nsfo fuR;a ifjrI;ekuLRokeso lhrsR;fHkHkk"kek.k%A yqHkkus okyh fdlh vU; oLrq dks Hkh tc ns[krs gS]a rc yEch 'okl ysdj ckjEckj]
/k`rozrks jktlqrks egkRek roSo ykHkk; Ñrç;Ru%AA ^gk fç;s! gk fç;s* dgrs gq, vkidks iqdkjus yxrs gSAa Jh jke vkids fy;s lnk
lk jkeladhrZuohr'kksdk jkeL; 'kksdu s leku'kksdkA nq%[kh jgrs gSAa ^lhrk] lhrk* dg dj vkidh gh jV yxk;s jgrs gSa rFkk mÙke ozr
'kjUeq[ks lkEcqn'ks"kpUæk fu'kso oSngs lqrk cHkwoAA V.36.37-47 dk ikyu djrs gq, vkidh gh çkfIr ds fy, ç;Ru'khy jgrs gSAa Þ ;gk¡ ij dfo cMÛh
ßvk;s!Z vkidks u ns[kus ds dkj.k mRiék gq, 'kksd ls mudk ân; Hkjk jgrk lqUnj ijUrq fcYdqy LokHkkfod miek nsrk gSA Jh jke dh ppkZ ls lhrk dk viuk
gSA vr% Jh jke Øq¼ flag ls ihfMÛr migr gkFkh dh Hkk¡fr] {k.k Hkj Øks/kh pSu ugha 'kksd rks nwj gks x;k vkSj mUgsa cMÛh lkURouk feyh] ;g tkudj fd jke vc Hkh
ikrs gSAa ;gk¡ Øq¼ flag ls vk'k;] vkils u fey ikus dh O;Fkk ls gSAÞ mudk Lej.k djrs gSa vkSj mudks ykSVkus ds fy, ç;Ru'khy gSAa fdUrq] jke ds
çk;% çR;sd O;fDr viuh fç;re oLrq dh gh lkSxU/k [kkrk gSA v;ks/;k 'kksdxzLr gksus ds lekpkj ls os Lo;a Hkh 'kksdxzLr gks xb±A ml le; fonsgufUnuh
dkaM esa dSdbZ Hkjr dh lkSxU/k [kkrh gS] n'kjFk jke dhA fdUrq] guqeku lc ioZrksa lhrk ,slh çrhr gksrh gS]a tSls 'kjn ½rq ds vkus ij es?kksa ds NV tkus ls pUæek
dh lkSxU/k ysrs gSa vkSj mu dUnewy Qyksa dh] ftudk mi;ksx mUgksua s fd;k gSA os çrhr gksrk gSA
dgrs gS]a ßnsfo! eUnj vfn ioZr gekjs oklLFkku gSa vkSj Qy&ewy gekjk HkkstuA vc eSa vkidks guqeku ds lcls yEcs Loxr Hkk"k.k dk vuqokn i<Ûdj
vr% eSa eUnjkpy] ey;] foU/;] es# rFkk nnqjZ ioZr dh vkSj viuh thfodk ds lqukrk gw¡A dfo lqUnj dkaM esa viuh fof'k"Vrk dk çn'kZu djrk gS] tc og ,d
lk/ku] Qy&ewy dh lkSxU/k [kkrk gw¡ fd vki 'kh?kz gh Jh jke dk uoksfnr pUæek fopkjksa dh /kkjk esa lyaXu guqeku dk fp=.k djrk gSA bldk lE;d ewY;kadu
ds leku euksgj eq[k ns[ksxa h] tks lqUnj us= fcEcQy ds leku yky&yky vksB djus ds fy;s gesa guqeku dh vUrjkRek esa iSBuk gksxk ekuks os bl fopkj/kkjk esa
vkSj lqUnj dqMa yksa ls vyaÏr ,oa fpÙkkd"kZd gSA 'osr ,jkor dh ihB ij cSBs gq, vkfo"V gSAa os ,d fopkj ij vkrs gSAa dfo cMÛs jkspd <ax ls guqeku ds fopkjksa dh
nsojkt bUæ ds leku çòou fxfj ds f'k[kj ij fojkteku Jh jke dk vki 'kh?kz /kkjk dks çLrqr djrk gSA eSua s nks vyx&vyx m¼j.kksa dks pquk gSA igys rsjgok¡
gh n'kZu djsxa hA Jh jke us ek¡l [kkuk NksMÛ fn;k gS] u gh os e/kq dk lsou djrs gSAa lxZ çLrqr gS] ftldk mYys[k eSua s igys fd;k FkkA
os lnk pkj le; miokl djds ik¡posa lU/;k ds le;] tks dqN isMÛkas ls çkIr gks foeku ls mrjdj guqeku egy ds ijdksVs ij p<Û x,A ml ij cMÛs osx ls
tkrk gS ;k uhps feyus okys taxyh Qy&ewy vkfn dk Hkkstu djrs gSAa Þ iwjh ?kwers&?kwers gq, os eu gh eu bl çdkj dgus yxs] ßesjs ç;kl loZFkk vlQy
^jkek;.k* esa bl yksd çpfyr er dk dksbZ vk/kkj ugha feyrk fd jke] y{e.k jgsA eSua s dbZ ckj yadk dks Nku Mkyk] ijUrq lhrk eq>s dgha Hkh fn[kkbZ u nhA eSua s
vkSj lhrk 'kkdkgkjh FksA blds foijhr ;=&r= i;kZIr ladrs feyrs gSa fd os ek¡l rHkh laHkkO; LFkkuksa dh [kkst dh gSA ;gk¡ ds NksVs rkykc] dqMa ] iks[kj] ljksoj]
dk lsou djrs FksA blhfy;s guqeku dgrs gSa fd vc Jh jke us ek¡l [kkuk Hkh NksMÛ lfjrk,¡] ufn;k¡ ikuh ds vkl ikl ds taxy rFkk nqxeZ ioZr] fdys] uxj&nqxZ
fn;k gSA lHkh ns[k Mkys] fdUrq dgha Hkh lhrk th dk n'kZu ugha gqvkA x`/kjkt lEikfr us rks

lhrk dks blh uxjh esa gh jko.k ds egy esa ofUnuh crk;k Fkk] fQj Hkh u tkus D;ksa tk;sxkA fdf"dU/kk ykSVdj ;fn eSa viuh vlQyrk dks Lohdkj d:¡] rks eq>ls
fn[kkbZ u nhaA D;k jko.k ds }kjk cyiwod Z gjdj ykbZ gqb± lhrk dHkh foo'k gksdj feydj lqxhz o rFkk vU; vk'kk ck¡/ks gq, okuj rFkk os 'kksdkdqy n'kjFk dqekj Hkh
vkReleiZ.k dj ldrh gS\a ;g vlEHko gS D;ksfa d os rks fdlh eR;Z ds xHkZ ls D;k dgsxa \s ;fn ogk¡ tkdj eSa ;g dBksj udkjkRed ckr dg nw¡ fd eq>s lhrk dk
mRiék ugha gSAa ,d czãKkuh muds vfHkHkkod jgs gSa vkSj foJqr b{okdq dqy esa n'kZu ugha gqvk] rks os bl vk?kkr dks lgu u dj ldsxa s vkSj çk.kksa dk ifjR;kx dj
mudk fookg gqvk gSA eSa rks le>rk gw¡ fd ihNk djrs gq, Jh jke ds ck.kksa ls nsxa As lhrk ds fo"k; esa ,sls nqopZ u dks lqudj os ,d {k.k Hkh thfor ugha jgsxa As mUgsa
Hk;Hkhr og jk{kl tc lhrk dks ysdj 'kh?kzrkiwod Z vkdk'k esa mNyk] og rRdky çk.kksa ds ifjR;kx dk ladYi djrs ns[kdj] muds çfr vR;Ur vuqjkx j[kus okys
dgha chp esa NwV dj fxj iMÛh gSAa vFkok ;g Hkh lEHko gS fd tc lhrk fl¼ lsfor laons u'khy y{e.k Hkh thfor ugha jgsxa As Hkkb;ksa ds fouk'k dk lekpkj lqudj
vkdk'k ekxZ ls ys tkrh jgh gks]a ml le; uhps ygj ekjrs gq, leqæ dks ns[kdj Hkjr Hkh çk.k R;kx nsxa s vkSj Hkjr dh e`R;q ns[kdj 'k=q?u Hkh thfor u jg ldsxa As
Hk;Hkhr gksdj mudk ân; gh QV x;k gks vkSj uhps fxj iMÛk gksA vFkok ;g Hkh gks bl çdkj pkjksa iq=ksa dh e`R;q ns[kdj dkS'kY;k] lqfe=k vkSj dSd;s h& rhuksa ekrk,¡
ldrk gS fd jko.k ds çcy osx vkSj mldh Hkqtkvksa ds n`<Û cU/ku us ihfMÛr gksdj Hkh fuLlUnsg çk.k R;kx nsxa hA esjs çrkih Lokeh ÏrK vkSj lR;çfrK okujjkt]
lhrk us vius çk.kksa dk ifjR;kx dj fn;k gksA vFkok foeku ds lglk >Vdk [kk lqxhz o Hkh jke ds vius çfr midkjksa dk Lej.k djds vkSj ;g lkspdj fd muds
lhrk NViVk dj leqæ esa fxj iMÛh gksAa vo'; ,slk gh gqvk gksxkA vFkok dgha ,s;k cnys esa D;k dqN djsAa tc jke dks ,slh voLFkk esa ns[ksxa ]s rks bl foifÙk dks lgu
rks ugha fd vius 'khy dh j{kk esa rRij rifLouh lhrk dks bl uhp ujHk{kh jko.k u dj ldsxa s vkSj Lo;a gh çk.k foltZu dj nsxa As rRi'pkr~ ifr'kksd ls ihfMÛr]
us [kk fy;k gksA ,slk rks ugha gqvk fd vius 'khy dh j{kk esa rRij rifLouh lhrk nq%f[krfpÙk] nhu] O;fFkr vkSj vkuUn'kwU; fç;rek rifLouh :ek Hkh çk.k R;kx
dks bl uhp ujHk{kh jko.k us [kk fy;k gksA dgha ,slk rks ugha] eu esa nq"V Hkkouk nsxhA fQj rks vHkkfxuh jkuh] rkjk Hkh thfor u jg ldsxa hA os okyh ds fojg tfur
j[kus okyh jko.k ds vUr%iqj fL=;ksa us gh lk/oh lhrk dks viuk vkgkj cuk fy;k nq%[k ls ihfMÛr rks gSa gh] bl vdLekr 'kksd ls dkrqj gksdj e`R;q dks çkIr gks
gksxkA gk;! Jh jke ds iw.kZ pUæek ds leku |qfreku rFkk çQqYy jDr dey tk;sxa hA ekrk firk ds fouk'k vkSj pkpk lqxhz o ds ladV ls ihfMÛr vukFk dqekj
ln`'k euksgj eq[k dk fpUrj djrh djrh n;uh;k lhrk bl lalkj ls py clhaA vaxn Hkh vius çk.kksa dk ifjR;kx dj nsxa As Þ
*gk jke] gk y{e.k] gk v;ks/;kiqjh]^ bl iqdkj&iqdkj dj cgqr foyki djds ßrnuUrj Lokeh ds nq%[k ls ihfMÛr lEiw.kZ okuj vius gkFkksa vkSj eqDdksa ls
lhrk us viuk 'kjhj R;kx fn;k gksxkA ,d laHkkouk ;g Hkh gS fd os thfor gksa vkSj flj ihVus yxsaxsA ;'kLoh okujjkt us lkURouk iw.kZ opuksa vkSj nku&eku ls
jko.k ds fdlh xqIr x`g esa fNikdj j[kh xb± gksAa gk;! ogk¡ ;g ckyk fiatjs esa cUn ftudk ikyu iks"k.k fd;k Fkk] os okuj vius çk.kksa dk ifjR;kx dj nsxa As ,slh
eSuk dh Hkkafr ckjEckj ^gk jke] gk jke* iqdkjrh gqbZ vkrZukn dj jgh gksxhA bl voLFkk es]a 'ks"k okuj Hkh ou] ioZr] xqQk vkSj ?kkfV;ksa ds ,dkUr LFkku esa ,df=r
cstksMÛ tksMÛh dk dSlk nqHkkZX; gSA tks tud ds dqy esa Jh jke dh /keZiRuh cuha] og gksdj dHkh ØhMk&fogkj dk vkuUn u ys ldsxa As vius jktk ds 'kksd ls ihfMÛr
lhrk dSls jko.k ds v/khu gks ldrh gS] ftls dksbZ Hkh ugha jksd ldrk] ftl ij lgòksa okuj vius iq=] L=h vkSj eaf=;ksa lfgr ioZrksa ds f'k[kj ds uhps le vFkok
dksbZ fu;U=.k ugha py ldrk\ muds ifr ds mRlqd ç'uksa dk eSa D;k mÙkj nw¡xk\ fo"ke LFkkuksa esa fxjdj çk.k R;kx nsxa s vFkok lkjs fo"k ih ysxa s ;k Qk¡lh yxk ysxa s
os xqIr x`g esa fNik dj j[kh xbZ gSa vFkok leqæ esa fxj dj çk.kksa ls gkFk /kks cSBh gSAa ;k tyrh vfXu esa ços'k dj tk;sxa s vFkok vu'ku djus yxsxa s ;k 'kjhj esa Nqjk
vFkok Jh jke ds fojg dk d"V u lgu djus ds dkj.k mUgksua s e`R;q dh 'kj.k yh Hkksad dj e`R;q dks çkIr gksaxsA esjs ?kj ykSVus ij] eSa le>rk gw¡] cMÛk Hk;adj
gS] fdlh Hkh n'kk esa Jh jke dks bl ckr dh lwpuk nsuk mfpr u gksxk D;ksfa d os vkrZukn gksxkA b{okdq dqy dk fouk'k vkSj leLr okuj tkfr dk uk'k gks tk;sxkA
viuh iRuh dks vR;Ur I;kj djrs gSAa Þ vr,o] eSa ;gk¡ ls fdf"dU/kk rks ugha tkÅ¡xkA lhrk dks ns[ks fcuk eSa lqxhz o dk Hkh
mUgksua s iqu% lkspk] ßbl lekpkj dks crkus esa Hkh nks"k gSA vkSj u crkus esa Hkh n'kZu u dj ldw¡xkA ;fn eSa ;gha Bgjk jgw¡ vkSj ogk¡ u tkÅ¡] rks esjh vk'kk yxk,
nks"k dh laHkkouk gS] nksuksa fodYi Hkh nq"dj çrhr gksrs gSAa ,slh n'kk esa tc dksbZ Hkh os nksuksa /kekZRek egkjFkh cU/kq çk.k /kkj.k fd, jgsxa s vkSj os osx'kkyh g¡leq[k esjs
dk;Z djuk nq"dj çrhr gks] rks esjs fy, ml le; D;k djuk mfpr gksxk\ ;fn eSa fç; okuj x.k thfor jgsxa As vius egku mís';] tkudh ds n'kZu esa foQy gksus ij
lhrk dks fcuk ns[ks fdf"dU/kk ykSV tkÅ¡xk] rks esjk iq#"kkFkZ gh D;k jg tk;sxk\ eSa ;gk¡ ,d o`{k rys jgus okyk okuçLFkh gks tkÅ¡xkA esjs gkFk ij vius vki fxj
fQj rks esjk ;g leqæ&ya?ku] yadk esa ços'k vkSj jk{klksa dks ns[kuk] lc O;FkZ gks dj tks [kk| oLrq çkIr gks tk;sxh] mlh dks [kkdj jgw¡xk vkSj mlh ls viuk

fuokZg d:¡xkA vFkok lkxj rVorhZ fdlh LFkku ij] tgk¡ Qy&ewy vkSj ty vf/ lekIr dj nw¡xkA ogk¡ leLr jk{klksa dks thr dj eSa jke dh iRuh lhrk dks [kkst
kd çkIr gksrk gS] eSa fprk cuk dj tyrh vfXu esa ços'k dj tkÅ¡xkA nwljk fudkyus dh vk'kk djrk gw¡A tSls nsork fdlh riLoh dks mldh riL;k dk y{;
fodYi ;g Hkh gks ldrk gS fd vkej.k miokl ds fy;s rudj cSB tkÅ¡] ftlls flf¼ ds :i esa çnku djrk gS] bl çdkj eSa Hkh Jh jke ds gkFk esa lhrk dk lkaiS
esjs 'kjhj dks dkSos rFkk fgald tUrq viuk vkgkj cuk ysa eSAa viuh ;kstuk,¡ D;ksa nw¡xkAÞ bl çdkj nks ?kMÛh rd lksp&fopkj dj fpUrk ls f'kfFky bfUæ;okys
cukÅ¡\ ;fn eq>s tkudh dk n'kZu ugha gqvk] rks eSa çlékrkiwod Z ty lekf/k ys y{e.k lfgr Jh jke dks ueLdkj gSA guqeku lglk mB [kMÛs gq, vkSj nsorkvksa dks
yw¡xkA esjs fopkj esa bl çdkj ty ços'k djds ijyksd xeu djuk ½f"k;ksa dh ueLdkj djrs gq, cksy]s ßtudufUnuh fnO;k lhrk nsoh dks Hkh ueLdkjA #æ]
n`f"V esa Hkh mÙke gh gSA gk;! fdruh vk'kktud Fkh og jkf=] tc bldk vkjEHk bUæ] ;e vkSj ok;q nsork dks ueLdkjA pUæek] vfXu ,oa e#n~x.kksa dks Hkh
gqvk Fkk] ftldk çkjEHk 'kqHk FkkA ,slh lqHkxk] ;'kfLouh] esjh dh£rekyk:ik] ;g ueLdkj gSAÞ bl çdkj lcdks rFkk lqxhz o dks Hkh ueLdkj djds muls vk'khokZn
nh/kZ jkf= Hkh lhrk dks ns[ks fcuk chr xbZA vjs] eSa Hkh fdruk ew[kZ gw¡A fdu dh ;kpuk djds guqeku lEiw.kZ fn'kkvksa dh vksj n`f"Vikr djds v'kksd&okfVdk esa
fujk'kktud fopkjksa esa Mwc x;k\ fujk'kk ds lkeus >qduk ekuks vfu"Vksa dks tkus ds fy, m|r gq,A ßbu xq# tuksa ds vuqxgz ls eSa vc bl lqjf{kr okfVdk esa
vkefU=r djuk gSA bl ifo= thou dk uk'k djus esa cgqr ls nks"k gSAa tks iq#"k ços'k djrk gw¡A txr ds çk.k Lo:i esjs firk ok;q nsork Hkh ;gk¡ vf/kd osxeku
thfor jgrk gS] og dHkh u dHkh dY;k.k dk Hkkxh curk gSA vr,o] eS bu çk.kksa ugha gSA eSua s Jh jke dh dk;Zflf¼ vkSj jko.k ls vn`'; jgus ds fy, 'kjhj dks
dks /kkj.k fd;s jgw¡xkA thfor jgus ij vHkh"V oLrq vFkok lq[k dh çkfIr vo'; ladfq pr dj fy;k gSA Jh jke us rks lhrk dk iwjk&iwjk fooj.k eq>s ns fn;k gSA eSa
gksrh gSAÞ fcuk fdlh Hkwypwd ds mUgsa vo'; igpku ikÅ¡xk] ;fn eSa mUgsa ns[k ikÅ¡A lhrk]
rnuUrj dfiJs"B guqeku us ijkØe dk lgkjk ysdj lkspk] ßD;k gks x;k] ftldh ukd Å¡ph vkSj nk¡r lQÛns gS]a 'kjhj esa pspd vkfn ds dksbZ nkxÛ ugha gSA
esjs 'kkS;Z dks] esjs ijkØe dks\ ?keaMh egkcyh ns'keq[k jko.k dk gh D;ksa u o/k dj eq[k ij ifo= eqLdku lnk Nk;h jgrh gS] ftlds us= çQqYy] deyny ds leku
Mkyw¡\ Hkys gh lhrk dk vigj.k gks x;k gks] bl jko.k dks ekj Mkyus ls ml oSj dk lq'kksfHkr gSa rFkk tks fu"dyad dyk/kkj rqY; deuh; dkfUr ls ;qDr gSAa vc ml
Hkjiwj cnyk ys fy;k tk;sxk vFkok bl jko.k dk cUnh cukdj mBkdj leqæ ds vk;kZ lhrk dk eq[k eq>s dc fn[kkbZ nsxk\ bl {kqæ] uhp] u`'kal :i/kkjh vkSj
Åij&Åij ys vkÅ¡ vkSj tSls i'kqifr (vfXu) dks i'kq vfiZr dj fn;k tkrk gS] vaR;Ur nk#.k gksus ij vyadkj Hkwf"kr] fo'oluh; os"k /kkj.k djus okys jko.k us
mlh çdkj Jh jke ds gkFk bldks lkSia nw¡AÞ iqu% bl çdkj fopkj djus yxs] ßD;ksas ml rifLouh vcyk dks cykRdkj ls viuh v/khu dj fy;k gSA vc fdl çdkj
u eSa TÛkjk vkSj Bg:¡\ D;ksa bu O;FkZ fpUru vkSj vk'kadkvksa ls f?kjk jgw¡A eq>s lhrk esjs n`f"ViFk ij vk ldrh gS\Þ
dh vkSj [kkst djuh pkfg,A tc rd eSa lhrk dk n'kZu u dj yw¡xk] rc rd bl fpUrktud vk'kadkvksa dk lw{e fu:i.k dj mUgsa fpjLFkk;h lkSUn;Z ds
yadkiqjh esa ckjEckj [kkst djrk jgw¡xkA esjs vue;Ld fnekxÛ esa vkSj ,d fopkj NUnksa esa vkdkj vkSj :i nsus dh dyk dk ,d vU; ç;kl blh dkaM esa vkxs
vk;kA ;fn lEikfr ds vk'oklu ij fd lhrk yadk esa gS]a eSa fdf"dU/kk tkdj Jh feyrk gSA guqeku dks cMÛk foLe; gqvk vius dkjukeksa ij] fd mUgksua s mlh vfXu
jke dks cqyk Hkh yw¡] rks D;k gksxk\ muds }kjk vusd lkgfld dk;Z rks gksxa ]s ijUrq ds }kjk jk{klksa dh uxjh dk fo/oal fd;k] ftlds }kjk jk{kl mUgsa HkLeklkr djuk
viuh iRuh dks ;gk¡ us ns[kdj mudk Øks/k ,d vfuokI; vfXu dh rjg gks tk;sxk pkgrs FksA iwjh uxjh dks HkLelkr djus ds i'pkr~ gh mUgksua s viuh iw¡N leqæ eas
vkSj leLr okuj ny dks tykdj HkLe dj nsxkAÞ Mqcks&Mqcks dj cq>kbZA yadk dks vfXu dh HkaVs dj guqeku dks bl dk;Z ds ifj.kkeksa
ßvc rks esjs fy;s dsoy ,d gh fodYi cpk gSA eSa ;gk¡ fu;fer vkgkj ij ij lkspus ds fy;s foo'k gksuk iMÛkA ,d ykijokg okuj gksus ds dkj.k mudk
iwjk bfUæ;la;e cjrrk gqvk ;gha fuokl d:¡A blls esjs dkj.k os leLr uj vkSj /;ku ifj.kkeksa ij ugha x;k FkkA
okuj rks u"V u gksxa As vksg! b/kj rks ,d cgqr cMÛh v'kksd&okfVdk gSA blds Hkhrj r= nsok% lxU/kokZ% fl)k'p ije"kZ;%A
cMÛ&s cMÛs o`{k gSAa blesa eauS s vHkh rd [kkst ugha dh gSA vr,o] vc blds Hkhrj n`"V~ok y³~dka çnX/kka rka foLe;a ijea xrk%AA V.54.50
pydj <w¡<uk pkfg,A ;g fopkj eq>s u, fljs ls ç;Ru djus dks mRlkfgr dj jgk nX/k gqbZ yadk iqjh dks ns[kdj nsork] xU/koZ] fl¼ vkSj egf"kZ cMÛs fofLer
gSA eSa ;gk¡ ls olq] #æ] vkfnR;] vf'ouhdqekj vkSj e#n~x.kksa dks ueLdkj djds gq,A dfo ;g ugha dgrk fd nsork bl dk;Z ls vkufUnr gq,A nsorkvksa ds fy;s
v'kksd&okfVdk esa pyw¡xkA ekxZ esa ;fn dksbZ jk{kl ck/kk Mkyrs gS]a rks eSa mUgsa cMÛk v'kksHkuh; gksrk] ;fn os fo/oal dks ns[kdj lpeqp vkufUnr gksrAs

guqeku dks tc viuh djrwr dk cks/k gqvk] os fpfUrr gksdj lkspus yxs % djus okys ty&tUrqvksa dks gh viuk 'kjhj le£ir dj nw¡\ vc thrs&th dSls
rL;kHkwr~ lqegkaL=kl% dqRlk pkReU;tk;rA okujjkt lqxhz o] vU; okujksa vFkok nksuksa iq#"k flag] Jh jke vkSj y{e.k dk n'kZu
y³~dka çngrk deZ fdafLoRÑrfena e;kAA V.55.3 dj ldrk gw¡ ;k mUgas viuk eq¡g fn[kk ldrk gw¡\ eSua s jks"k ds nks"k ls rhuksa yksdksa esa
vius }kjk fd, x, fouk'k dks ns[kdj mu ij cgqr =kl Nk x;k vkSj mUgsa fo[;kr bl okujksfpr piyrk dk gh ;gk¡ çn'kZu fd;k gSA ;g jktl Hkko dk;Z
vius çfr ?k`.kk lh gksus yxhA os eu gh eu esa dgus yxs] ßgk;! eSua s yadk dks lk/ku esa vleFkZ gSA blh jtksx.q kewyd Øks/k ds dkj.k leFkZ gksrs gq, Hkh] eSua s
tykdj dSlk dqfRlr deZ dj Mkyk!Þ lhrk dh j{kk ugha dhA lhrk ds u"V gks tkus ds lekpkj ls oks nksuksa HkkbZ Jh jke
ß;fn dksbZ O;fDr vius ân; esa Øks/k] {kksHk] ?k`.kk vkfn dks LFkku ns nsrk gS] vkSj y{e.k Hkh u"V gks tk;sxa As mu nksuksa ds u"V gksus ls lqxhz o Hkh cU/kq&ckU/koksa
rks mlds lkFk vçR;kf'kr ?kVuk,¡ ?kVrh gSaA og vthc ckrsa djus yxrk gS] lfgr thfor u jg ldaxs As fQj bl lekpkj dks lqudj HkzkròRly Hkjr vkSj
vthc&vthc lkspus yxrk gSA lalkj ds egkeuLoh egkRek iq#"k ;fn muds eu 'k=q?u Hkh dSls thfor jg tk;sxa \s bl çdkj /keZfu"B b{okdq dqy ds u"V gks tkus
;k ân; Øks/k ls vkØkUr gks vkSj mlls o'khHkwr gksus yxrs gSa] rks os leLr ls lHkh çtk Hkh 'kksd lUrki ls ihfMÛr gks tk;sxh] blesa la'k; ugh gSA vr% lhrk
vkUrfjd 'kfDr dk laxgz djds cqf¼ vkSj Kku ds }kjk ml ij fot; çkIr dj dh j{kk u djus ds dkj.k eSua s vius /keZ vkSj vFkZ laxgz dks u"V dj fn;kA
ysrs gSAa ,slk gh eq>s Hkh djuk pkfg, FkkA Øks/k ds vkos'k esa iq#"k dkSu lk iki ugha vr,o] eSa cMÛk HkkX;ghu gw¡A esjk ân; jks"knks"k ds o'khHkwr gS] blfy, eSa vo'; gh
dj ldrk\ Øks/k ls o'khHkwr gqvk euq"; vius ekrk&firk vkSj vius xq#tuksa rd yksd fouk'kd gw¡A eq>s lEiw.kZ txr esa fouk'k ds iki dk Hkkxh gksuk iMÛxs kAÞ
dh gR;k dj ldrk gSA vf/kd Øksf/kr O;fDr fdlh ckr ij fopkj ugha dj ldrk bl çdkj] tc os nq%[kHkjs fopkjkas foeXu Fks] guqeku dks dbZ 'kqHk 'kdqu
fd eq[k ls D;k dguk pkfg, vkSj D;k ughaA Øks/kh ds fy;s dksbZ dke fuf"k¼ ugha] fn[kkbZ fn,] ftuds vPNs Qyksa dk os igys Hkh vuqHko dj pqds Fks] ;|fi mUgksua s
vkSj dksbZ 'kCn fuf"k¼ ughaA vlyh iq#"k rks ogh gS] tks ân; esa mRiék Øks/k dks bl ij /;ku ugha fn;kA vc fQj muds fopkjksa esa u;k eksMÛ vk;k vkSj os bl
/kS;Z vkSj {kek }kjk mlh rjg fudky nsrk gS] tSls lk¡i viuh iqjkuh dspa y q h dks çdkj lkspus yxs %
NksMÛ nsrk gSA ogh lpeqp esa iq#"k dgyk;k tkuk pkfg,AÞ ßugha] ugha] fLFkfr bruh [Ûkjkc ugha gSA lok±x lqUnjh lhrk rks vius rst ls
fQj muds [Ûk;kyksa dk flyflyk vkxs c<Ûrk gSA eSa bl Hkkx (V.55.8-36) dk lqjf{kr gSA dY;k.kh tudufUnuh dk uk'k dnkfi u gksxk D;ksfa d vfXu] vfXu dks
Hkh vuqokn çLrqr djrk gw¡ A ßeSua s lhrk dh j{kk dk dksbZz fopkj fd, fcuk gh lkjh ugha tykrhA lhrk vfer rstLoh /kekZRek Jh jke dh iRuh gSAa os vius pfj= cy
yad a k tyk Mkyh vkSj bl çdkj vius Lokeh dh gh gR;k dj MkyhA eq>s f/kDdkj ls] ikfrozR; ds çHkko ls lqjf{kr gSaA vfXu mUgsa Nw Hkh ugha ldrhA gk¡! eq>s
gSA ;fn lkjh yadk ty x;h] rks vk;h tkudh Hkh fu'pr gh vkx esa ty xbZ /;ku Hkh vk;k] nsg nkgd vfXu eq>s Hkh ugha tyk ldh ekuks vfXu rRo ds nsork
gksxa hA ,slk djds eSus vutkus esa vius Lokeh dk lkjk dk;Z pkSiV dj MkykA lhrk viuh çÏfr dks Hkwy x;s gksAa vo'; gh bldk dkj.k Fkk] Jh jke ds vf}rh; xq.kksa
dh lqj{kk gh lc m|e dk ,d ek= mís'; gSA blh dk;Z flf¼ ds fy;s lkjs ç;Ru dk çHkko vkSj fonsg ufUnuh lhrk dk iq.;cyA fQj os Hkjr vkfn rhuksa Hkkb;ksa dh
fd, x;s FksA og dk;Z gh eSua s u"V dj fn;k D;ksfa d yadk tykrs le; eSua s lhrk vkjk/; nsoh vkSj Jh jke dh ân;oYyHkk gSaA os vkx ls dSls u"V gks ldsaxh\ fQj
dh lqj{kk ij fopkj ugha fd;k] blesa lUnsg ughaA yadk ngu ,d NksVk lk dk;Z Hkh ;g nkgd vfXu viuk çHkko rks j[krh gh gS vFkkZr~ lcdks tyk ldrh gS]
'ks"k jg x;k Fkk] ftls eSua s iwjk fd;kA fdruk ljy vkSj lgt Fkk vfXu çTTofyr mlus esjh iw¡N Hkh u tykbZ] D;ksfa d eSa rks mudh lsok esa layXu gw¡] og tkudh dks
dj nsuk] ijUrq Øks/k ls ikxy gksus ds dkj.k eSua s rks Jh jke ds dk;Z dh tMÛ gh dSls tyk ik;sxh\Þ ml le; guqeku us ogk¡ fofLer gksdj iqu% ml ?kVuk dk
dkV nhA yadk dk dksbZ Hkkx ,slk fn[kkbZ ugha nsrk] tgk¡ vkx u yxh gksA lEiw.kZ Lej.k fd;k] tcfd leqæ ds ty esa mUgsa esukd ioZr dk n'kZu gqvk FkkA ßeSa ;g
uxj dks eSua s HkLe dj MkykA vr%,o] tkudh u"V gks xbZ] ;g ckr rks Lor% Li"V dSls Hkwy x;k fd esukd ds f'k[kj us leqæ ty ls Åij mBdj fdl çdkj eq>s
gSAa viuh foijhr cqf¼ vkSj mrkoysiu ds dkj.k eSua s lkjk dke pkSiV dj fn;kA vkfrF; çnku fd;k Fkk] dsoy bl fy;s fd esjk dk;Z nsokf/knso Jh jke dh lsok
;gha vkt esjs çk.kksa dk Hkh foltZu gks tkuk pkfg,A ;gh eq>s Bhd yxrk gSA D;k ds fy;s FkkAß os lkspus yxs] ßriL;k rFkk ifr esa vuU; HkfDr ds çHkko ls vk;kZ
eSa vc tyrh vkx esa dwn iMÛ¡w vFkok cMÛokuy ds eq[k es\a vFkok leqæ esa fuokl lhrk gh (;fn os bPNk djs)a rks vfXu dks Hkh tyk ldrh gSAa vkx mUgsa ugha tyk
340 jkek;.k ds T;ksfr&LrEHk ckbZlok¡ v/;k; 341

ldrhA fu'p; gh og muds le{k vleFkZ gSA bl çdkj Hkxorh /keZijk;.kk lhrk
ds fo"k; esa ;g fopkj djrs gq, guqeku us vk'oklu nsus okyh fnO; ok.kh lquhA
ioZr] dUnjkvksa vêkfydkvks]a ijdksVksa vkSj uxj ds QkVdksa lfgr ;g jk{klksa dh
yadk nX/k gks xbZA ijUrq lhrk ij vk¡p ugha vkbZ] ;g gekjs fy;s cMÛs vk'p;Z dh
ckbZlok¡ v/;k;
ckr gSA ge vkuUn ekurs gSa vkSj loZ'kfDreku çHkq dk /kU;okn djrs gSAa Þ guqeku jko.k
us tc ;s ve`r leku opu lqu]s muds ân; esa rRdky g"kksYZ ykl Nk x;kA
rr% dfi% çkIreuksjFkkFkZLrke{krka jktlqrka fofnRokA
çR;{krLrka iqujso n`"V~ok çfr;k.kk; efra pdkjAA V.55.36
jktdqekjh lhrk dks dksbZ {kfr ugha igq¡ph gS] ;g tkudj dfioj guqeku us vc ge ^jkek;.k* ds nwljs egku pfj= ij vkrs gSAa bl dkO; ds uk;d] jke ds
viuk lEiw.kZ euksjFk lQy le>k vkSj iqu% lhrk dk n'kZu dj ykSV tkus dk lkFk mldh fo"kerk /;ku nsus ;ksX; gSA og VDdj dk çfr;ksxh gSA egkurk vkSj
fopkj cuk;kA /keZ'khyrk nks i`Fkd xq.k gS&a os lkFk&lkFk lnk ugha ik;s tkrsA dqN pfj=ksa esa ;s
'kh?kz gh mUgsa irk yx tk;sxk fd muds Lo;a ds vfXu cpko dk dkj.k de xq.k vPNs vuqikr esa fefJr gksrs gSAa ,sls yksx i`Foh mu ij fxus&pqus O;fDr;ksa esa
ls de va'kr% rks og çkFkZuk Fkh] tks lhrk nsoh us cMÛs ln~Hkko vkSj ,dkxzeu ls gksrs gS]a ftuds xq.k vuqdj.kh; gksrs gSAa vius mnkgj.k ls] viuh miyfC/k;ksa ls]
vfXunso ds çfr O;Dr dh FkhA ;g pkj 'yksdksa esa O;Dr gS] ftu lcdk vUr bfrgkl ij vius çHkko ls] ,sls fojys yksx] ftuesa egkurk vkSj /keZ'khyrk
^'khrks Hko guwer%]* bu 'kCnksa ls gksrk gSA (V.53, 28.32)A* la;Dq r gksrh gS] os gekjs m¼kjd vkSj iSxÛEcj gSAa fdUrq ,sls O;fDr cgqr de gksrs
gSAa jko.k ml oxZ ds O;fDr;ksa esa Fkk] ftuesa egkurk rks gksrh gS] ijUrq /keZ'khyrk
ughaA fdUrq] egkurk esa Hkh viuk futh vkd"kZ.k gksrk gSA oLrqfLFkfr ,slh gS fd
yksxksa ds eu esa fdlh Hkh ,sls O;fDr ds çfr lEeksgu iSnk gks tkrk gS] tks dbZ
n`f"V;ksa ls vk'kadk dk fo"k; cu tkrk gSA tks yksx luluhnkj miU;kl vFkok
vejhdk esa cgqr cMÛs iSekus ij ?kVus okys vijk/kksa dk o.kZu i<Ûrs gSa] mUgksaus
vo'; gh ,d jksekap vuqHko fd;k gksxk] tks fdlh ukeh vijk/kh ds dk;ks± ds
ifj'khyu ls tqMÛk gksrk gSA vijk/k Hkh ;fn ,d cMÛs iSekus ij fd;k tk;s] rks og
Hkh ekuo eu dks vkd£"kr djrk gS vkSj mldks viuk nkl cuk ysrk gSA oLrqr%
;g flusek ds çpkj&çlkj ls mRiék Hkkjh nq"ifj.kkeksa esa ls ,d ekuk tkrk gSA
miU;kl vkSj dgkfu;k¡ ftudh fo"k;oLrq cMÛs iSekus ij fd, x;s Hk;adj ifj.kkeksa
okys nq"deks± ij vk/kkfjr gksrh gS] tSls gR;k,¡] pksjh&MdSfr;k¡] vigj.k dh
?kVuk,¡] bR;kfn vkSj tks fd cMÛh prqjkbZ ls igys ls gh lqfopkfjr ;kstukvksa ds
vuqlkj fd;s tkrs gS]a rkfd iqfyl pDdj esa iMÛ tk;s vkSj lnk ds fy;s vfu'p;
dh fLFkfr esa jgsA bu egku vijk/kksa ds fooj.k gekjs efLr"d vkSj gekjh dYiuk
ij xgjk çHkko Mkyrs gS]a ftls ^lEeksgu^ gh dgk tkrk gSA gekjk foosd mls
fdruk Hkh vuqfpr Bgjk;s] fdUrq vk¡[k ml n`'; ls gVrh ughaA eu cUnh cu
tkrk gS vkSj 'kq¼ ân; okys O;fDr Hkh bu luluhnkj vijk/kksa dh iqLrdsa cUn
ugha dj ikrs] tcfd lkFk&lkFk os bu iqLrdksa ds ys[kdksa dks dkslrs Hkh tkrs gSAa
* nsf[k, v-27.
jko.k Hkh ,d blh çdkj dk vlkekU; vijk/kh FkkA fdUrq] tc ge mls ,d
341

t?kU; vijk/kh dh laKk nsrs gS]a rks bldk ;g rkRi;Z ugha fd ge mlesa fo|eku Fkk fd mldh Øwjrk;sa pje lhek ij igq¡p pqdh gks]a blls iwoZ dh mlds 'k=q dk
vlk/kkj.k xq.kksa dk udkjs]a ftudk fdlh dks egku cukus esa ;ksxnku jgrk gSA eu vkfoHkfo gksA ijUrq fuf'pr :i ls /;ku nsus ;ksX; ;g ckr gS fd dFkkud dk
vkSj efLr"d ds vlk/kkj.k çdkj ds xq.kksa ds fcuk] dksbZ Hkh euq"; ,d dq'ky vk/kkj fcUnq gS] vuqjfDr] tks fd ,d o;kso`¼ vFkok çkS<Û O;fDr ds eu esa ,d
vijk/kh ugha cu ldrkA vr,o] jko.k ds pfj= dk v/;;u ge cMÛs /;ku ls NksVh lh cPph ds çfr tUe ysrh gSA
djsxa ]s ;|fi uSfrd n`f"V ls ;g pfj= fuUnuh; gSA rHkh irk yxkuk lEHko gks vc ge ns[ksxa ]s fdrus cMÛs iSekus ij dfo }kjk jko.k dk pfj= fpf=r fd;k
ldsxk fd vUrr% os xq.k dkSu ls gS]a ftudh igpku ge fo'ks"k :i ls mldh x;k gSA igys eSa mYys[k d:¡xk] mudh nh/kZdkyhu vkSj nqLlk/; riL;kvksa dk]
egkurk ds lUnHkZ esa djrs gSAa ,d çkjfEHkd fVIi.kh vkSj Hkh gSA jko.k vkSj jke ,d tks mlus egku flf¼&'kfDr;ksa dks çkIr djus ds fy;s dh FkhaA ,slk çrhr gksrk gS
vR;Ur lqLi"V oS"kE; çn£'kr djrs gSAa jkr rks ,d vlkekU; çdkj dh egkurk fd ,slh 'kfDr;k¡ dsoy euq";ksa vFkok fnO; dksfV ds ½f"k;ksa rd gh lhfer ugha Fkh]
,oa lk/kqrk ds laxe FksA jko.k esa egkurk rks Fkh] fdUrq lk/kqrk dk furkUr vHkko vfirq nsox.k vkSj tMÛ çÏfr rd Hkh QSyh gqbZ Fkha vkSj tMÛ çÏfr dks neu djrh
FkkA ijUrq mudh fo"kerk brus ij gh lekIr ugha gksrhA jke ds vkfoHkkZo ls cgqr FkhA ;gk¡ ,d gkL;kLin çlax dk mYys[k fd;k tkrk gS] tks tVk;q ls lEc¼ gSA
igys gh jko.k viuh 'kfDr vkSj çHkko ds f'k[kj ij igq¡p pqdk FkkA oLrqr% mldh ;g ml le; dh ckr gS] tc tVk;q us lhrk dh j{kk ds fy;s jko.k ls ;q¼ djus
djrwrksa ds nfl;ksa lgò o"kks± ds mijkUr gh tc nsorkvksa vkSj ½f"k;ksa dks mldh dk ç;kl fd;k FkkA tVk;q jko.k ls dgrs gS]a ßvc eSa rks cw<Ûk gks x;k vkSj rqe vHkh
mxzrk vlguh; gks xbZ] rks mUgksua s mlls eqfDr ikus ds fy, fo".kq Hkxoku ls rd ;qod gks (jko.k ds fy;s ;qod dgk tkuk dqN vk'p;Ztud gS] ijUrq Lej.k
çkFkZuk dhA rRi'pkr~ fo".kq dk pkj :iksa esa vorkj gqvkA bl çdkj ge ns[krs gSa jgs fd tVk;q dgrs gSa fd os ml le; lkB gTÛkkj o"kZ ds gS]a tcfd jko.k ml le;
fd vk;q dh n`f"V ls rks jke jko.k dh rqyuk esa dsoy ,d ckyd gh FksA dfo }kjk chl gTÛkkj o"kZ dk gSA tVk;q mls rqyuk esa vo'; uo;qod dg ldrs gS)a AÞ
fn, x;s vkadMÛkas ds vk/kkj ij] mnkj ls mnkj vuqeku ds vuqlkj Hkh] jke&jko.k "kf"VoZ"kZlglzkf.k ee tkrL; jko.kA
ds egku yadk ;q¼ ds le;] jke dh vk;q murkyhl vkSj pkyhl ds chp jgh firìrS kega jkT;a rFkkonuqfr"Br%AA
gksxhA ml le; rd jko.k vusd riL;k,¡ iwjh dj pqdk FkkA nsorkvksa dks çlék o`)ks·ga Roa ;qok /kUoh l'kj% doph jFkhA
dj muls ojnku :i esa cMÛh&cMÛh flf¼&'kfDr;k¡ ,sBa pqdk Fkk] ftudk ç;ksx rFkkI;knk; oSsnsgha dq'kyh u xfe";flAA
mlus tu&ekul dks lrkus esa fd;kA QyLo:i] mlus vius vkidks bruk ?k`f.kr u 'kDrLRoa cyk)rq± oSngs ha ee i';r%A III.50.20-22
dqdehZ cuk fy;k Fkk fd mls idMÛ dj] lekIr djuk vko';d gks x;k FkkA ßjko.k! cki nknksa ls çkIr bl if{kjkT; dk fof/kor ikyu djrs gq, eq>s
blds vfrfjDr /;ku nsus ;ksX; ,d fo'ks"k ckr ;g gS fd bl dkO; esa tUe ysdj vc rd lkB gTÛkkj o"kZ O;rhr gks x,A vc eSa cw<Ûk gks x;k gw¡ vkSj rqe
jko.k dh Hkwfedk dsoy ckjg ekl ds fy, gSA blh dkykof/k ds Hkhrj gh mlds uo;qod gksA fuLlUnsg 'kfDr rqEgkjs i{k esa gSA esjs ikl rks ;q¼ dk dksbZ lk/ku
dk;Zdykiksa dk vf/kdka'k Hkkx vkrk gSA dFkkud ,d vijk/k ls nwljs vijk/k ij ugha gSA fdUrq] rqEgkjs ikl /kuq"k] dop] ok.k] rFkk jFk lc dqN gSA fQj Hkh rqe
cMÛh 'kh?kzrk ls vkxs c<Ûrk gS] tc rd fd pjefcUnq ugha igq¡p tkrkA ;fn jke lhrk dks ysdj dq'kyiwod Z u tk ldksxAs esjh vk¡[kksa ds lkeus rqe lhrk dk
jko.k dh rqyuk esa dsoy ckyd gh Fks] rks fQj lhrk dk D;k dguk\ os rks dsoy cyiwod Z vigj.k u dj ldksxAs Þ
,d NksVh&lh cPph gh FkhaA ;g lc dqN gksrs gq, Hkh lhrk ds çfr jko.k dh
vc ge dqN ppkZ djrs gS]a jko.k dh riL;kvksa ds fo"k; esAa bu ikSjkf.kd
vklfDr bl dkO; dk lkj gS] vkSj lEiw.kZ =klnh dk jpf;rkA ,d iUæg ;k chl
dFkkvksa ds fy;s Hkh ;g çlax vlk/kkj.k gSA ekU;rkvksa ds vuqlkj jko.k nl fljksa
lgò o"kZ dh vk;q okyk O;fDr ,d chl ;k iPphl o"khZ;k fd'kksjh ij çseklDr gks
okyk iSnk gqvk FkkA dgk tkrk gS fd riL;k ds çR;sd lgò o"kZ mijkUr og vius
tkrk gSA blh ls dFkkoLrq dk vkjEHk gksrk gSA fdruh fofp= ckr gS! dnkfpr~~ dqN
flj dh vkgqfr vfXu nsork dks fn;k djrk FkkA bl çdkj ukS lgò o"kZ chrrs
bus&fxus yksxksa us gh bl vijk/k dh fofp=rk ij /;ku fn;k gksxkA fQj Hkh ge
mlus vius ukS flj vfXu dks HksVa dj fn, FksA nl lgò o"kZ O;rhr gksus ij tc
ns[krs gSa fd tc jke&lhrk vkSj jko.k ds laidZ esa vkrs gS]a rks mudk mlds çfr
og viuk nlok¡ flj Hkh vfXu dks HksVa djus tk jgk Fkk] ml le; czãk us mlls
O;ogkj yxHkx cjkcjh ds vk/kkj ij gksrk gS] ekuks os leo;Ld vkSj egÙkk ds
çlék gksdj iwNk fd mldh bPNk D;k gS\ jko.k us vejRo dk oj ek¡xkA czãk
O;fDr FksA vo'; gh ;g ,d vthc ckr gSA dFkkoLrq ds fy;s ;g vo';aHkkoh gh
cksy]s ß,slk oj rks eSa çnku ugha dj ldrkA vejRo rks ugha fey ldrk] fdUrq

dqN bus&fxus oxks± ls {kfr ds çfr lqj{kk ek¡x ldrs gksAÞ mlus cgqr ls leqnk;ksa vc ç'u ;g mBrk gS fd ftl 'kCn dk ç;ksx mÙkj dkaM esa gqvk gS] og gS
ds uke fxuk, fd dksbZ Hkh tks nsork] vlqj] jk{kl ;{k] fdékj] xU/koZ] iékx êuq"kkn;%*A tc jko.k us euq"; dks egÙo u nsrs gq, muds fo"k; esa lkspk gh ugha]
bR;kfn oxZ dk gks og mls ekj u ldsA dgk tkrk gS fd mlus euq"; tkfr dk rks okujksa ds fo"k; esa D;k gh lkspk gksxk\ mudks rks mlus vkSj Hkh frjLdkj Hkko ls
mYys[k gh ugha fd;k D;ksfa d mldh /kkj.kk Fkh fd euq"; rks vR;Ur rqPN gS vkSj ns[kk gksxk vkSj mUgsa ojnku ds {ks= ls loZFkk fudky fn;k gksxkA ,d NksVk lk
muds fo"k; esa ;g dYiuk djuk fujk/kkj Fkk fd os mldk o/k djus esa leFkZ gks Hkh ladrs tks feyrk gS] og cgqr fnypLi gS vkSj fopkj.kh; gSA tc ?keklku ;q¼ gks
ldrs gSAa oSls rks ;g çlax Li"V ugha gS D;ksfa d fooj.kksa esa fofHkékrk gSA ,d fooj.k jgk Fkk vkSj fojks/kh lsuk,¡ ,d fu.kkZ;d la?k"kZ esa vkeus&lkeus Fkha] guqeku us
cky dkaM esa feyrk gS] vkSj mÙkj dkaM dqN vkSj fooj.k gS] fdUrq buesa tks vUrj jko.k ds vkxs vkdj mls pqukSrh nhA mldks psrkouh nsrs le;] guqeku us dqN
gS] og cMÛk jkspd gSA D;k jko.k us euq"; dk mYys[k fd;k Fkk vkSj dg fn;k Fkk] vthc 'kCnksa dk ç;ksx fd;k %
ßeq>s euq"; ls lqj{kk dh vko';drk ugha]Þ vkSj bl çdkj mUgsa viuh lwph ls nsonkuoxU/koSZ;Z{kS'p lg jk{klS%A
ckgj fudky fn;k vFkok mlus euq";ksa dks NksMÛ vU; oxks± dk mYys[k fd;k Fkk] vo/;Roa Ro;k çkIra okujsH;lrq rs Hk;e~AA VI.59.55
;g Li"V ugha FkkA mÙkj dkaM esa o.kZu bl çdkj gS % ßrqeus nsork] nkuo] xU/koZ] ;{k vkSj jk{klksa ls u ekjs tkus dk oj çkIr dj
lqi.kZukx;{kk.kka nSR;nkuoj{klke~A fy;k gSA ijUrq esjh tkfr ls rks rqEgsa Hk; gSA vr,o eSa rqEgsa ekj ldrk gw¡AÞ
vo/;ks·ga çtk/;{k nsorkuka p 'kk'orAA guqeku bl çdkj jko.k ls okrkZyki vkjEHk djrs gSAa ;gk¡ ç'u ;g mBrk gS
u fg fpUrk eekU;s"kq çkf.k"oejiwftrA fd D;k jko.k czãk ls okujksa ds fo"k; esa dqN dg Hkh ldrk Fkk\ D;ksfa d cky dkaM
r`.kHkwrk fg rs eU;s çkf.kuks ekuq"kkn;%AA VII.10.19,20 ls ,d lxZ ds vuqlkj] bl tkfr dk ltZu gh jke dks egk;q¼ esa lgk;rk nsus ds
ßeSa x#MÛ] ukx] ;{k] nSR;] nkuo] jk{kl] rFkk nsorkvksa ds fy;s vo/; gks fy;s gqvk FkkA vr,o] okuj jko.k ls i;kZIr ijorhZ FksA blfy;s jko.k us ojnku
tkÅ¡A vU; çkf.k;ksa ls fpUrk ugha gSA euq"; vkfn vU; thoksa dks rks eSa fruds ds ek¡xrs le; mudk mYys[k ugha fd;k] rks dksbZ vk'p;Z dh ckr ughaA fdUrq lnk
leku le>rk gw¡A os lc rks eq>s brus rqPN çrhr gksrs gSa fd muls lqj{kk ds fy;s dh Hkk¡fr] dfo gesa ,d çdkj dh lek/khukrhr leL;k esa NksMÛ nsrk gSA ckfy dh
vkils oj ek¡xus dh vko';drk ugha le>rk ('kCn ^vkn;^ dqN /;ku nsus ;ksX; gS)AÞ vk;q rks jko.k ls dnkfpr~~ dkQÛh vf/kd gh jgh gksxhA blh çdkj lqxhz o] uy]
cky dkaM esa ;g çlax dqN vU; çdkj ls gS % uhy] nSU;] f}fon& ;s lc Hkh cMÛs gh jgs gksxa s D;ksfa d bUgksua s Hkh nsorkvksa ds lkFk
l fg rsis s riLrhoza nh?kZdkyefjaneA ve`riku fd;k FkkA ;g ekuuk lEHko ugha gS fd lHkh okuj jko.k ds ijorhZ FksA
;su rq"Vks·Hkon~ czãk yksdÑYyksdiwot Z %AA ^jkek;.k^ esa lHkh vkadMÛkas dh Hkk¡fr] frfFk;k¡ Hkh my>h gqbZ gSAa ;g rF; fd okujksa
lar"q V% çnnkS rLeS jk{klk; oja çHkq%A dk vfLrRo iwoZ esa Hkh Fkk vkSj mlesa ls dqN okuj fo[;kr Hkh gks pqds Fks] lqUnj
ukukfo/ksH;ks HkwrHs ;ks Hk;a ukU;=a ekuq"kkr~AA dkaM esa jko.k }kjk ,d oDrO; ls Li"V gks tkrk gSA mlds nwr uxj esa ml Hk;adj
voKkrk% iqjk rsu ojnkus fg ekuok%A I.16.4-6 /oal dk lekpkj ykrs gS]a tks guqeku us lhrk ls HksVa djus ds ckn fd;k FkkA jko.k
ml fu'kkpj us nh?kZdky rd riL;k dh FkhA ftlls lc yksxksa ds iwot Z ] tc ;g vk'p;Ztud lekpkj lqurk gS] dfo mlls bl çdkj dgyokrk gS %
yksdl`"Vk czãk th ml ij çlék gks x,A ml ij lar"q V gq, czãk us ml jk{kl dks n`"Vk fg gj;% iwo± e;k foiqyfoØek%A
;g dg fn;k fd rqEgsa ukuk çdkj ds çkf.k;ksa esa ls euq"; ds vfrfjDr fdlh ls Hk; okyh p lg lqxhz oks tkEcoka'p egkcy%AA
ugha gSA ojnku ysrs le; ml jk{kl us euq";ksa dks nqcZy le>dj mudh uhy% lsukifr'pSo ;s pkU;s f}fonkn;%A
vogsyuk dhA euq";ksa dks NksMÛdj czãk us mls vkSj lcls vHk;nku ns fn;kA jko.k uSoa rs"kka xfrHkhZek u rstks u ijkØe%AA
euq";ksa dks frjLdkj dh n`f"V ls ns[krk Fkk vkSj blhfy, mlus euq"; dks vius oj u efruZ cyksRlkgkS u #iifjdYiue~A
esa lfEefyr ugha fd;kA nsork tc fo".kq ls feys] rks mUgksua s dgk] ßjko.k rks dsoy egRlÙokfena Ks;a dfi#ia O;ofLFkre~AA V.46.10-12
euq"; ds }kjk gh ekjk tk ldrk gS] vU; fdlh çk.kh }kjk ughaAÞ

ßeSua s Lo;a igys cMÛ&s cMÛs 'kfDr'kkyh okuj ns[ks gS]a ftuds uke bl çdkj dFkkud ds vU; Hkkxksa ls esy ugha j[kkrkA ijUrq bl çdkj dh vlaxfr;k¡ bl
gSAa ckfy] lqxhz o] tkEcoku] lsukifr uhy rFkk f}fon vkfnA fdUrq mudk osx dkO; esa vusd fo|eku gS]a vkSj dgha blls dgha blls Hkh c<Ûdj gSA
bruk Hk;adj ugha gS vkSj u gh muesa ,slk ijkØe] cqf¼] cy] mRlkg rFkk :i ;g lR; gS] jke euq"; ek= gh FksA fdUrq] vius thou ds vkjEHk esa gh
/kkj.k djus dh 'kfDr gSA tks fooj.k rqe bl okuj dk ns jgs gks] og bruk mUgksua s vfrekuoh; xq.kksa ds çek.k fn;s FksA os i`Foh ij viuh /kkd tek pqds FksA
foy{k.k gS fd og mu okujksa ds dkjukeksa ls dgha vf/kd c<Û p<Û dj ekywe gksrk leLr clk gqvk HkweMa y mudh egkurk ls ifjfpr jgk gksxkA çfr}U}h ds :i esa
gSA eSua s bl okuj ds fo"k; esa dHkh ugha lquk FkkA ;g guqeku] ftldk fooj.k rqe mudk vn~Hkqr dkS'ky] çÏfr rd ij mudk çHkqRo] la?k"kZjr nqfu;k ds fo#¼
ns jgs gks] vo'; gh okuj ds :i esa dksbZ 'kfDr'kkyh tho çdV gqvk gS] ,slk vuqf}Xu :i ls MVs jgus dh {kerk FkhA ;|fi ml le; Hkh cgqr ls yksx mUgsa
tkuuk pkfg,AÞ vorkj ds :i esa djus yxs Fks] ;g ,d fofp= ckr gS fd iwjh ^jkek;.k^ esa jko.k
vr,o] Li"V gS fd okuj tkfr dk vfLrRo Fkk] ml le; vkSj fuLlUnsg us mUgsa ,d euq"; ek= ls vf/kd dqN u ekuk vkSj u gh ;g fd euq";ksa esa Hkh
jko.k us muds fo"k; esa lquk FkkA ;fn ,slk Fkk] rks D;k jko.k dk dFku Bhd gS fd mudk ,d vfr fof'k"V eSa gh FkkA çek.k ij çek.k Hkh mls feyrs jgs] ij og
mlus guqeku ds fo"k; esa dHkh ugha lquk Fkk\ guqeku] tc lhrk dh [kkst esa vk;s] Lohdkj djus dks dHkh Hkh rS;kj u gqvk fd bl jke esa dksbZ fof'k"Vrk Hkh FkhA
ml le; os â"V&iq"V ;qod jgs gksxa As ckY;dky esa gh os xzg.k;qDr lw;Z* dh vksj ^jkek;.k* ds vkjEHk esa gh] vj.; dkaM esas cMÛk lqUnj ekjhp dk ,d yEck çlax
nkSMÛ x;s Fks vkSj ml le; lw;Z vkSj Nk;kxzg dks cpkus ds fy;s Lo;a bUæ dks vkuk vkrk gS] tks dbZ lxks± esa o£.kr gSA ekjhp jke ds fo"k; esa lc dqN tkurk FkkA
iMÛk FkkA ml le; bUæ us dqfir gksdj otz dk çgkj fd;k] ftlls mudh guq mldks muds egku dkS'ky vkSj 'kfDr dk dVq vuqHko gks pqdk FkkA mls ;g Hkh
(BksMÛh) dk ck¡;k Hkkx [kafMr gks x;kA rHkh ls os guqeku dgyk;sA muds firk Kkr gks pqdk Fkk fd jke euq"; ls cgqr dqN Åij FksA og muds dsoy ekuoh;
ok;qnos dks vius NksVs f'k'kq dks {kfr ds dkj.k cMÛk Øks/k gqvkA mUgksua s rhuksa yksdksa xq.kksa ls vR;Ur çHkkfor Fkk vkSj mu lcdk mYys[k jko.k ls djrk gSA fQj Hkh
esa çokfgr gksuk NksMÛ fn;kA ifj.kker% lalkj esa ne ?kqVus dh fLFkfr gks xbZ vkSj jko.k bl çdkj dh ckrsa djrk jgrk FkkA og ekjhp ls] jke ds vijk/k crk dj]
rhuksa yksdksa esa gkgkdkj ep x;kA ,d cMÛh lHkk cqykbZ xbZA xU/koZ] nsork] vlqj] mudh iRuh lhrk ds vigj.k ds fy;s dgrk gS %
euq";& lHkh çtk O;fFkr gksdj çtkifr czãk ds ikl igq¡pAs rnuUrj lcds lkFk vuqDRok i:"ka fdafpPNjSO;kZikfjra /kuq%A
czãk th ok;qnos ds ikl igq¡ps vkSj mUgsa euk dj lUrq"V fd;kA ml le; guqeku prqnZ'k lglzkf.k j{klkeqxzrstlke~AA
dks nsorkvksa ds cgqr ls ojnku çkIr gq,A ;g o`ÙkkUr ,d f'k'kq dk lw;Z dh vksj fugrkfu 'kjSnhZIrS% ekuq"ks.k inkfrukA
nkSMÛ tkuk] bl çdkj nsorkvksa dks Hk;Hkhr djuk] ok;qnos dk lc çkf.k;ksa dks 'okl [kj'p fugr% la[;s nw"k.k'p fuikfrr%AA
ghu dj nsuk vkSj fQj nsorkvksa dk ,df=r gksuk] f'k'kq guqeku dks brus ojnku gRok f=f'kjla pkfi fuHkZ;k n.Mdk% Ñrk%A
çkIr gksuk& ;s lc ?kVuk;sa bruh egÙoiw.kZ Fkha fd jko.k us buds fo"k; esa vo'; fi=k fujLr% Øq)su lHkk;Z% {kh.kthfor%AA
lquk gksxk D;ksfa d jko.k ,d ,slk O;fDr Fkk] tks bu nsorkvksa ls laidZ cuk;s j[krk l gUrk rL; lSU;L; jke% {kf=;ikaluA
FkkA dfo ds vuqlkj jko.k dh egkurk bruh Hkkjh Fkh fd tc og ckgj fudyrk nq%'khy% ddZ'kLrh{k.k% ew[kksZ yqC/kks·ftrsfUæ;%AA
Fkk] lc nsork Hk;kØkUr gks tkrs FksA lw;Z nsork viuh Å"ek eUn dj nsrs] R;Dr/kekZ Ro/kekZRek Hkwrkukefgrs jr%A
ok;qnos rk /khjs cgus yxrs vkSj viuh çpaM xfr R;kx nsr]s leqæ nsork viuk ;su oSja foukj.;s lÙoekLFkk; dsoye~A
dksykgy 'kkUr dj nsr]s ufn;ksas dk çokg eUn gks tkrk] ioZr viuk dwMÛk Hkwy d.kZuklkigkjs.k Hkfxuh es fo#firkAA III.36.8-13 (eqacbZ laLdj.k)
tkrs] bR;kfnA lkjh çÏfr fuLrC/k vkSj vkrafdr gks tkrh vkSj jko.k ?kwe jgk ßtu LFkku esa esjk HkkbZ [kj vkSj cgu 'kwi.Z k[kk f=f'kjk rFkk vU; fu'kkpj
gksrkA ;fn ckr ,slh Fkh vkSj ;s lc nsork guqeku ds dkj.k ladV esa Q¡l x;s Fks] esjh vkKk ls ogk¡ jgk djrs FksA ;s yksx Hkyh Hkk¡fr lék¼ gksdj ;q¼ esa jke ds lkFk
rks ;g o`ÙkkUr vo'; gh jko.k ds dkuksa rd igq¡pk gksxkA vr% jko.k dk ;g dguk tk fHkMÛAs ;q¼ ds chp jks"k Hkjs gq, jke us eq¡g ls dqN dVq opu cksys fcuk gh ck.kksa
fd mlus uy] uhy vkfn ds fo"k; esa rks lquk gS] fdUrq guqeku ds fo"k; esa ugha] ds lkFk /kuq"k dk O;kikj vkjEHk dj fn;kA og rks dsoy ,d euq"; gh gS vkSj
* nsf[k, v-19, i`-299.

vusd çdkj ls frjLdkj ;ksX; Hkh gSA og rks ,d ej.k'khy çk.kh gS] tks uaxs iSjksa vFkZ gksrk gS] blds fo"k; esa mldh /kkj.kk cMÛh fofp= jgh gksxhA og lhrk ls ,d
fQjrk gS] tks u jFk] u ,d ?kksMÛk Hkh tqVk ldrk gSA fQj Hkh mlus vius nedrs ?k`f.kr çLrko djrk gS vkSj dgrk gS %
gq, ck.kksa ls Hk;adj rst okys pkSng lgò jk{klksa dk fouk'k dj fn;kA mlh ;q¼ v³~xYq ;k u leks jkeks ee ;q)s l ekuq"k%A III.48.19
esa [kj vkSj nw"k.k Hkh ekSr ds ?kkV mrj x;sA lkFk gh f=f'kjk dk Hkh o/k djds mlus ß;q¼ esa euq"; tkrh; jke esjh ,d v¡xfq y ds cjkcj Hkh ugha gSAÞ
naMdkj.; dks nwljksa ds fy;s fuHkZ; cuk fn;kA bl euq"; us bruh gkfu igq¡pkbZ gSA
TÛkjk nsf[k;s] fdruh xgjh frjLdkj Hkkouk mlds ân; esa euq"; tkfr ds
vr,o] og esjh 'k=qrk dk Hkktu gSA lEiw.kZ naMd ou] tgk¡ igys lc eq>ls Mjrs
çfr FkhA vxys lxZ esa og fQj ogh ckr lhrk ls nksgjkrk gS %
Fks] og ,d vHk; {ks= cu x;k gSA esjk gqDÛeukek vc ogk¡ ugha pyrkA mlds firk
us dqfir gksdj mls iRuh lfgr ?kj ls fudky fn;k gSA mldk thou {kh.k gks pyk R;kT;rka ekuq"kks Hkkoh ef; Hkko% ç.kh;rke~A
gSA og {kf=; dqydyad jke gh ml jk{kl lsuk dk ?kkrd gSA og 'khyjfgr] Øwj jkT;kPP;qrefl)kFk± ew<s ifjferk;q"ke~AA
vkSj rh[ks LoHkko okyk] ew[kZ] yksHkh /keZR;kxh vkSj leLr çkf.k;ksa dks vkgr djus dSx.Zq kSjuqjDrkfl ew<s if.Mrekfufu A
okyk O;fDr gS] ftlus fcuk fdlh oSj fojks/k ds dkj.k dsoy mÙkstuk ds cy ij ;% fL=;k opukækT;a fogk; llqâTtue~AA
esjh cgu ds ukd&dku dkV dj fo:i dj fn;kAÞ fQj ekjhp mls crkrk gS] ßrqEgsa vfLeUO;kykuqpfjrs ous olfr nqeZfr%AA III.49.13-15
jke ds fo"k; dqN xÛyr /kkj.kk,¡ gSA og ,d ln~pfjr O;fDr gSAa Þ ßeuq"; jke ds çfr tks FkksMÛk cgqr vuqjkx vHkh Hkh gS] mls R;kx nks vkSj
jkeks foxzgoku~ /keZ% lk/kq% lR;ijkØe%A III.37.13 eq>ls Lusg djus yxksA mldh rks e`R;q lehi gS vkSj FkksMÛs gh fnuksa esa eSa mldk
ßjke /keZ ds ewÙkZ :i gSAa Þ o/k dj nw¡xk] vius vkidks cqf¼efr ekuus okyh ew[kZ ukjh! tks jkT; ls Hkz"V gS]
mlds ikl rqEgsa cpkus ds fy, D;k lk/ku gS\ ftldk euksjFk Hkh lQy ugha gqvk
ijUrq bu lc ckrksa dk jko.k ij dksbZ çHkko u iMÛkA dqN igyqvksa eesa rks
vkSj ftldh vk;q Hkh lhfer gS] ml jke esa fdu xq.kksa ds dkj.k rqe vuqjDr gks\
bl O;fDr dh eUncqf¼eÙkk ns[kus ;ksX; gSA dfo mldks ,d ,sls O;fDr ds :i esa
ftlus viuk lkezkT;] foiqy lEifÙk] lalkj esa viuk çrki vkSj xkSjo cuk, j[kus
Hkh fpf=r djrk gS] ftlesa fdlh çdkj dk dkbZ vU/kfcUnq gSA vU; yksx] pkgs
ds lc lk/ku x¡ok fn,] tks ,d L=h ds dgus ls lqânkslfgr leLr jkT; dk R;kx
muds egku ln~x.q kksa dks mlds le{k j[ks]a ysfdu og mudh vulquh jke dh
djds bl fgald tUrqlfs or ou esa fuokl djrs gS]a mlds fy;s rqe D;ksa vuqjDr
fdruh Hkh ç'kalk djs]a og mudh vulquh dj nsrk FkkA
gks ;g ckr esjh le> esa ugha vkrh\ mldh cqf¼ dSlh [kksVh gS] og rks loZFkk ew[kZ gSAÞ
Ro}kD;SuZ rq eka 'kD;a HksÙkqa jkeL; la;x q As
rnuUrj tc og lhrk dks vius futh egy esa ys tkrk gS] og mldks
iki'khyL; ew[kZL; ekuq"kL; fo'ks"kr%AA
vius lc d{kksa dh lSj djkrk gS vkSj viuk HkO;] lqlfTtr d{k bR;kfn
;LR;DRok lqânks jkT;a ekrja firja rFkkA
fn[kykrk gS vkSj muls dgrk gS %
L=hokD;a çkÑra JqRok ouesdins xr%AA III.40.4,5
ßrqEgkjs bu opuksa }kjk ew[kZ] ikipkjh vkSj fo'ks"kdj euq"; jke ds lkFk ;q¼ u nsos"kq u ;{ks"kq u xU/kosZ"kq uf"kZ"kqA
djus ls (vFkok mldh L=h ds vigj.k djus ls) eq>s jksdk ugha tk ldrkA ,d vga i';kfe yksd"s kq ;ks es oh;Zleks HkosrA~ A
ew[kZ L=h (dSd;s h) ds opu lqudj og jkT;] fe=] ekrk&firk dks NksMÛdj lglk jkT;Hkz"Vsu nhusu rkilsu inkfrukA
ou esa pyk vk;k vkSj rqe mls foHkwfr ekurs gks vkSj vk'kk djrs gks fd eSa Hkh fda dfj";fl jkes.k ekuq"ks.kkYirstlkAA
mldk lEeku d:¡\Þ nq"Ñra ;Riqjk deZ ouoklsu rn~xre~AA
;'p rs lqÑrks /keZLrL;sg QyekIuqfgA III.55.20,21,27,28
'kCn êkuo* dk ç;ksx ckj ckj gqvk gS] tcfd jko.k jke ds fo"k; esa ßnsorkvks]a ;{kks]a xU/koks± rFkk ½f"k;ksa esa Hkh eSa fdl dks ,slk ugha ns[krk] tks
cksyrk gS] ,d ,slk 'kCn] ftldks mlus eq¡g ls Hkh fudkyuk Bhd u le>k Fkk] esjs ijkØe dk lkeuk dj ldsA jke rks jkT;Hkz"V] nhu] riLoh] iSny pyus okyk
tc mlus czãk ls ojnku dh ;kpuk dh FkhA tc igyh ckj og tuLFkku esa lhrk euq"; gSA vr,o] vYi rst okyk O;fDr gSA mUgsa ysdj D;k djksxh\ bl lcdks
ls feyrk gS] og mUgsa viuh iVjkuh cukus dh bPNk çdV djrk gSA fookg dk D;k ns[kks] vkSj ns[kks esjh vkSj Hkh! blds i'pkr~ D;k rqe jke dk /;ku Hkh dj ldrh

gks\ rqEgkjk igys dk tks nq"deZ Fkk] og vius ifr ds lkFk ouokl esa chr x;kA fgrdj ckr dks Hkh lgu u dj ldk vkSj vkx&ccwyk gks x;kA ;|fi ekY;koku
vc rqEgkjk vPNk le; vkjEHk gksrk gSA vc tks rqEgkjs iq.; deZ gS]a mudk lq[k mlds ukuk Fks] mudks Hkh QVdkj nsrk gSA
rqe ;gk¡ HkksxksAÞ ekuq"ka Ñi.ka jkeesda 'kk[kke`xkJ;e~A
nsf[k,] og jke dks euq"; lacksf/kr djuk ugha HkwyrkA ,d uewuk vkSj Hkh % leFk± eU;ls dsu R;DÙka fi=k ouky;e~AA VI.36.4
Lo/keksZ j{klka Hkh: loZFkSo u la'k;%A ßrqe fdl vk/kkj ij dgrs gks fd jke ,d egÙo nsus ;ksX; O;fDr gS\ jke
xeua ok ijL=h.kka gj.ka laçe'; okAA rkse ,d euq"; gh gS] ftlus okujksa dk vkJ; fy;k gS vkSj os gh mlds Js"B fe=
fda fdj";fl jkes.k lqHkxs phjokflukAA gSAa mlds firk us Hkh ml jkT; ls ckgj fudky fn;k gSA vr,o] mls ou dh 'kj.k
fuf{kIrfot;ks jkeks xrJhoZuxkspj%A ysuh iMÛh gSA mlesa dkSu lh fo'ks"krk gS] ftlls rqe mls cMÛk lkeF;Z'kkyh eku jgs gks\Þ
ozfr LFkf.My'kk;h p 'k³~ds thofr ok u okAA fQj og vkxs dgrk gS] ßdeyghu deyk dh Hkk¡fr lqUnjh lhrk dks ykdj
u fg oSnfs g jkeLRoka nz"Vqa okI;qiyIL;rsA vc dsoy jke ds Hk; ls dSls ykSVk nw¡\ dnkfi ugha] pkgs ifj.kke fdruk Hkh dVq
u pkfi ee gLrkÙoka çkIrqegZfl jk?ko%AA D;ksa u gksAÞ bl gh le; og bl çfl¼ okD; dk mi;ksx djrk gSA blh le; og
u jkeLrilk nsfo cysu u foØeS%A ^f}/kk HkT;s;e~* (VI.36.11)* okD; dk mi;ksx djrk gS] ÞeSa chp ls nks Vwd gks
u /kusu e;k rqY;Lrstlk ;'klkfi okAA V.20.5, 25-28, 34* tkÅ¡xk] ij fdlh ds lkeus >qd ugha ldrkA rqe pkgs bls nks"k dgks]ij ;g esjk
ßHkh#! rqe ;g u le>ks fd eSua s dksbZ v/keZ fd;k gSA ijkbZ fL=;ksa ds ikl tUetkr lgt nks"k gSA LoHkko fdlh ds fy, Hkh nqy/Z ; gksrk gSA ;g gB/kfeZrk esjs
tkuk vFkok cykRiwod Z vigj.k djuk ;g jk{klksa dk viuk /keZ jgk gSA phj] tUe ds lkFk gh eq> esa iuih gS] eSa blls cp ugha ldrkA vr,o] vkidk lc
oL= /kkj.k djus okys jke dks ysdj D;k djksxh\ jke us fot; dh vk'kk R;kx nh ijke'kZ eSa fcuk lksp fopkj ds vLohdkj djrk gw¡Aß
gSA og Jhghu gksdj ou esa fopj jgk gS_ ozr dk ikyu djrk gS vkSj feêh dh osnh ijUrq okLrfodrk dh mis{kk ugha dh tk ldrhA 'kh?kz gh tc jko.k dks jke
ij lksrk gSA vc rks eq>s ;g Hkh lUnsg gksus yxk gS fd og thfor Hkh gSa ;k ughaA dh foy{k.k 'kfDr vkSj ;q¼ dkS'ky ds çek.k feyus yxs] dqN vR;Ur dVq
ikuk rks nwj jgk rqedks jke ns[k Hkh ugha ldrkA og ;gk¡ vk gh ugha ldrkA rqe vuqHkoksa ds i'pkr~] mls vglkl gksus yxk fd bl rqPN euq"; esa vo'; gh dqN
Hkh vc dnkfi mls ns[k u ikvksxhA ;fn eku Hkh fy;k tk;s fd og ;gk¡ rd igq¡p ne gSA igyh ckj ;g cks/k mls rc gksrk gS] tc ml vR;Ur çpaM eqBHksMÛ ds
Hkh tk;s] rks D;k rqe le>rh gks fd og rqEgsa esjs gkFk ls fudky ldsxk\ jke u i'pkr~] ftldk mYys[k eSa igys dj pqdk gw¡ og ml çpaM la?k"kZ dh Le`fr ls
rks ri ls] u cy ls] u ijkØe ls] u /ku vkSj u gh rst vFkok ;'k }kjk esjh ihfMÛr] viuk jFk] /kuq"k] ck.k vkfn lc dqN [kks cSBk Fkk vkSj Loa; dks /kjrh ij
lekurk dj ldrk gSAÞ [kMÛs ikrk gSA ;fn jke bl ifjfLFkfr dk ykHk mBkuk pkgrs] rks dqN vkSj ck.kksa
}kjk mldk dke reke dj ldrs Fks] ijUrq mUgksua s {kk=/keZ ds mPpre vkn'kksZ
blds i'pkr~] tc jke lqfuf'pr :i ls viuh egkurk LFkkfir dj pqds
dks /;ku esa j[krs gq,] ,d cqjh rjg ijkLr gq, 'k=q dh foo'krk dk uktk;TÛk ykHk
Fks] lsrq cukdj yadk ij vkØe.k djus okys Fks] ml le; jko.k }kjk ,d ;q¼
ugha mBk;k vkSj jko.k dks vk'koLr fd;k fd os mls dksbZ {kfr ugha igq¡pk;sxa As os
ifj"kn cqykbZ xbZA jko.k ds opuksa dks lquus ds i'pkr~ egkcqf¼eku ekY;oku
mls vius egy dh vkSj ykSVus dk vkns'k nsrs gSa vkSj dgrs gSa fd iwjk foJke djds
uked jk{kl] tks jko.k dk ukuk Hkh Fkk] bl çdkj ijke'kZ nsrk gS % ßfuLlUnsg Jh
vxys ;q¼ ds fy;s rjksrkTÛkk gksdj vk;sA
jke vykSfdd O;fDr gSAa eSa rks ,slk le>rk gw¡ fd lk{kkr~ Hkxoku fo".kq gh ekuoh;
:i /kj dj jke ds :i esa vk;s gS]a euq";] nsork vkSj leLr çkf.k;ksa dh j{kk gsrAq Ñra Ro;k deZ egRlqHkhea grçohjÜp ÑrLRo;kge~A
ftUgksua s leqæ esa vR;Ur vn~Hkqr lsrq ck¡/kk gS] os n`<Û ijkØeh jke lk/kkj.k euq"; rLekr~ ifjJkUr bfr O;oL;é Roka 'kjSeRZ` ;qo'ka u;kfe AA
ek= ugha gSA vr,o] Js;Ldj rks ;gh gS fd rqe muds lkFk lfU/k djds lhrk dks xPNkuqtkukfe j.kkfnZrLRoa çfo'; jkf=apjjkt y³~dke~A
mUgsa ykSVk nksAÞ ijUrq nqjkRek jko.k dks ;g Lohdk;Z u FkkA og ekY;oku dh vk'okL; fu;kZfg jFkh p /kUoh rnk cya æ{;fl es jFkLFk%AA
VI.59.142-143
* nsf[k, v-24. * 'yksd ds fy, nsf[k, v-17, i`-276.

Hkys gh ;s 'kCn mls fo"k ds leku yxs gks] ijUrq jke dhy vksj ls ;s nsonkuoxU/koS; Z {Z kjk{kliéxS%A
mnkjrk dh çpqjrk ds ifjpk;d Fks] ßjko.k! vkt rqeus cMÛk Hk;adj deZ fd;k gSA vo/;Roa e;k çkIra ekuq"ksH;ks u ;kfpre~AA VI.60.4-7
esjh lsuk ds ç/kku&ç/kku ohjksa dks dkV fxjkdj rqeus viuk ;q¼ dkS'ky fn[kk;k lksus ds cus gq,] fnO; ,oa Js"B flagklu ij cSB dj jko.k bl çdkj dgus
gSA eSa Li"V ns[k jgk gw¡] rqeus vR;f/kd ç;kl fd;k gSA blfy, brus ij Hkh] Fkdk yxk] ßeSua s tks gTÛkkjksa o"kZ cMÛh riL;k dh Fkh] og lc vo'; gh O;FkZ gks xbZ
gqvk le>dj eSa ck.kksa }kjk rqEgsa ekSr ds ?kkV ugha mrkj jgk gw¡A eSa tkurk gw¡] rqe D;kafs d egsUæ rqY; ijkØeh ekus tkus ij Hkh] eq> jko.k dks ,d ekuo us ijkLr
;q¼ ls ihfMÛr gksA blfy, vkKk nsrk gw¡] yadk esa ços'k dj dqN le; foJke djksA dj fn;kAÞ
fQj u;s jFk vkSj u;s /kuq"k&ck.kksa ds lkFk fudyukA ml le; jFk esa cSBdj esjk ;gk¡ gesa jko.k }kjk mu 'kCnksa dk vFkZ&foLrkj ns[kus dks feyrk gS] ftudk
cy ns[kukAÞ ç;ksx czãk us jko.k dks ojnku nsrs le; fd;k FkkA okLro esa 'kCnksa dk ç;ksx bl
thou esa igyh ckj jko.k dks ukenZu dk vglkl gqvk] ijUrq ykSV x;kA çdkj ugha fd;k Fkk] ftl çdkj jko.k vius foÏr vkSj vO;ofLFkr efLr"d esa
igyh ckj gh mls Hk; dk vglkl Hkh gqvkA czãk ij vkjksfir djrk gS] ftudks mUgksua s dHkh dgk Hkh ugha FkkA ßczã us eq> ls
l çfo'; iqjha y³~dka jkeck.kHk;kfnZr%A dgk Fkk fd rqEgsa euq";ksa ls Hk; çkIr gksxkA bl ckr dks vPNh çdkj tku yks fd
HkXuniZLrnk jktk cHkwo O;fFkrsfUæ;%AA mudk dgk gqvk ;g ?kksj opu bl le; lQy gksdj esjs le> mifLFkr gqvk gSA
ekr³~x bo flagsu x:Msuso iéx%A eSua s rks nsork] nkuo] xU/koZ] ;{k] jk{kl vkSj liks± ls vo/; gksus dk oj ek¡xk Fkk]
vfHkHkwrks·Hkoæktk jk?kos.k egkReukAA euq"; ls vHk; gksus dh ;kpuk ugha dh FkhAÞ czãk us dsoy ,slk dgk Fkk] ßrqe bl
czãn.Mçdk'kkuka fo|qRln`'kopZlke~A ds dkj.k ugha ekjs tkvksxAs Þ ijUrq ladV dh ?kMÛh esa mls ,slk yxrk gS fd czã us
Leju~ jk?kock.kkuka foO;Fks jk{kls'oj%AA VI.60.1-3 dgk Fkk] ßeuq"; ls rqEgas Hk; gSAÞ foÏr dYiuk ds dkj.k bl çdkj rF;ksa dk :i
ßJh jke ds ck.kkas vkSj Hk; ls ihfMÛr jko.k tc yadkiqjh esa igq¡pk] rc mldk cny tkrk gSA jko.k u dsoy jke dh 'kfDr ls gh Hk;Hkhr Fkk] vfirq vius vUr
vfHkeku pwj&pwj gks x;k FkkA mldh leLr bfUæ;k¡ O;Fkk ls O;kdqy FkhA tSls flag dh vk'kadk ls ?kcjk x;k FkkA
xtjkt dks vkSj x#MÛ fo'kky ukx dks ihfMÛr dj nsrk gS] mlh çdkj Jh jke us Hkh fofnar ekuq"ka eU; jkea n'kjFkkRete~A VI.60.8
jktk jko.k dks vfHkHkwr dj fn;kA og 'k¸;k ij ysVk] fdUrq] uhan u vkus ds dkj.k ;g igyk volj Fkk] tc jko.k us êuq";^ 'kCn dk ç;ksx] fcuk frjLdkj
mB dj cSB x;k vkSj mldk /;ku Jh jke ds Hka;dj ck.kksa ij x;kA os ck.k mls Hkkouk ls fd;kA mls yxk] bl euq"; eas dqN fo'ks"k rks gSA
czãnaM ds çrhd tSls çrhr gq,A mudh nhfIr piyk ds leku papy FkhA mudks b{okdqdqyukFksu vuj.;su ;RiqjkAA
;kn djds jk{kl jkt jko.k ds eu cMÛh O;Fkk gqbAZ Þ
mRiRL;rs fg e}a'ks iq:"kks jk{klk/keA
;g m¼j.k yEck gS] ijUrq lquus ;ksX; Hkh gSA D;kafs d jko.k dks igyh ckj ;Lroka liq=a lkekR;a lcya lk'olkjfFke~AA
;g vuqHko gqvk fd gjsd n`f"V ls mlds le{k 'k=q ls mldk lkeuk gqvk gS vkSj fugfu";fr laxkz es Roka dqyk/ke nqer Z As VI.60.8-10
igyh ckj gh Hkkoh ijkt; dh laHkkouk dk vglkl gqvkA jko.k us viuh ,d fnfXot; esa jktk vuj.; ij vkØe.k fd;k FkkA vkSj
l dk´pue;a fnO;ekfJR; ijeklue~A mldks cgqr gkfu igq¡pkbZ FkhA bl ij mlus jko.k dks 'kki fn;k Fkk] ßiwod Z ky esa
foçs=ek.kks j{kkafl jko.kks okD;eczohr~AA b{okdq dqy jktk vuj.; us eq>s 'kki nsrs le; dgk Fkk] *jk{klk/ke! nqerZ !s esjs
lo± rR[kyq es eks?ka ;ÙkIra ijea ri%A gh oa'k esa ,d ,slk Js"B iq#"k mRiék gksxk] tks rqEgsa iq=] ea=h] lsuk lkjfFk v'o
;Rlekuks egsUæs.k ekuq"ks.kkfLe fuftZr%AA vkSj lfgr lejkax.k esa ekj MkysxkA^ ekywe gksrk gS] vuj.; us ftldh vkSj
bna rn~cã z .kks ?kksja okD;a ekeH;qifLFkre~A~ ladrs fd;k Fkk] og n'kjFk iq= jke gh gSAÞ
ekuq"ksHk;ks fotkuhfg Hk;a Rofefr rÙkFkkAA jko.k dks bl le; 'kki dk Lej.k gks vkrk gS] vkSj vU; 'kkiksa dk Hkh] tks
mls bl thou esa feys FksA

'kIrks·ga osnoR;k p ;nk lk /kf"kZrk iqjkAA vc eSa ,d m¼j.k nsus tk jgk gw¡] ftldk fo'ks"k egÙo gS D;ksfa d blls irk
ls;a lhrka egkHkkxk tkrk tudufUnuhA pyrk gS fd vius vuqpjksa chp jko.k bruk 'kfDr'kkyh ekuk tkrk Fkk fd mlds
mek uUnh'oj'pkfi jEHkk o:.kdU;dkAA fy, fdlh ladV] fdlh ekuHkax dh] fdlh vieku dh dYiuk Hkh ugha dh tk
;FkksDrkLrUe;k çkIra u feF;k _`f"kHkkf"kre~A VI.60.10-12 ldrh FkhA fdUrq] tc jke ds gkFkksa ls mls igyh ckj çfr{ksi feyk vkSj vieku
ßblds vfrfjDr] iwod Z ky esa eq>s osnorh us Hkh 'kki fn;k Fkk D;ksfa d eSua s dks ;FkklEHko rh[kk cukus ds fy;s jke us jko.k dks okil ?kj Hkst fn;k ;q¼ ds
mlds lkFk cykRdkj fd;k FkkA mlus dgk Fkk] ^fdlh u fdlh çdkj eSa rqEgkjha fy;s iqu% 'kL=&lfTtr gksus ds fy,] jko.k ds vuqpj Hkh bl voekuuk ls
e`R;q dks dkj.k cuw¡xhA^ tku iMÛrk gS] ogh ekHkxk tudufUnuh lhrk ds :i esa vfHkHkwr gks x,A blh le; jko.k dks dqEHkd.kZ dh ;kn vkbZA ftl çdkj mls ?kksj
çdV gqbZ gSAa bl ladV dks eSa vius egy esa ys vk;k vkSj ifj.kke Lo:i] vius fuæk ls txk;k x;k] og çlax vR;Ur jkspd gS fd vFkd ç;kl ls mls txk fn;k
ij ;s lc vkifÙk;k¡AÞ fQj mls vU; 'kkiksa dk Hkh /;ku vkrk gS] ßblh çdkj mek x;kA tc og mB cSBk] rks mlus iwNk fd ckr D;k gS\ mlus eu esa lkspk] ßdksbZ
uUnh'oj] jEHkk vkSj o#.k&dU;k us Hkh dgk Fkk] tSlk gh ifj.kke eq>s vkt feyk egkHka;dj vkifÙk vkbZ gS] vU;Fkk jko.k eq>s uhan ls ugha mBkrkAÞ dqEHkd.kZ us
gSAa lp gS] ½f"k;ksa ds opu dHkh >wBs ugha gksrAs Þ tc jks"k esa vkdj txk;s tkus dk dkj.k iwNk] rc jko.k ds lfpo] ;wik{k us gkFk
,d le; jko.k dSykl x;k Fkk vkSj mlus ml ifo= ioZr dks m[kkMÛ nsus tksMÛ dj dgk %
dk ç;Ru fd;kA mek us Hk;Hkhr gksdj mls 'kki fn;k] ßrsjh e`R;q L=h ds dkj.k u uks nSoÑra fdafpö;efLr dnkpuA
gksxhAÞ uUnh'oj dh okujewfrZ ns[kdj jko.k g¡lk Fkk] blfy;s mlus dgk] ßesjs ;kuq"kkéks Hk;a jktaLrqey q a laçck/krsAA
leku Lo:i okys ijkØe okys okuj gh rsjs dqy dk lR;kuk'k djsxa As Þ jEHkk ds u nSR;knkuosH;ks ok Hk;efLr fg rk<`'ke~A
fufeÙk ls uy&dqcjs us] vkSj o#.k dU;k iqfa tdLFkyk ds fy;s czãk us 'kki fn;k ;kg'ka ekuq"ka jktu~ Hk;eLekuqifLFkre~AA VI.60.72,73
fd ßvfuPNk ls fdlh L=h ds lkFk lEHkksx djus ij rsjh e`R;q gks tk;xh*AÞ ßegkjkt! gesa nsorkvkssa dh vksj ls dksbZ Hk; gks gh ugh ldrkA bl le; rks
;Lek}ku#ia ekeoKk; n'kkuuAA dsoy ,d euq"; ek= ls Hk; çkIr gqvk gS] tks ges lrk jgk gSA ;q¼ esa jke us]
v'kuhikrl³~dk'keqigkla çeqDroku~A ftldh lsuk fot;h jgh gS] lk{kkr~ jk{kljkt jko.k dks uhpk fn[kkdj thfor NksMÛ
rLekUeæwilaiék e}h;Zlerstl%AA fn;k x;k] ekjus ds ctk; dgk] ^yadk ykSV tkvksA^ bl çdkj dh ekugkfu] fpUrk
mRiRL;fUr o/kkFk± fg dqyL; ro okujk%A dk fo"k; cu x;h gSA blls vf/kd cqjh ckr vkSj D;k gks ldrh gS\ bl çdkj dk
l[kna"Vªk;q/kk% Øwjk eu% laikrajgal%AA ekuenZu tks fd dHkh u nsorkvksa us] u nkuoksa ls laHko gks ldrk Fkk] og ,d
;q)ksUeÙkk cyksfæDrk%'kSyk bo folfiZ.k%A VII.16.16-19 rqPN euq"; ls feyk gSAÞ
jko.k ds dqdeks± ls Lo;a egknso Hkh vçlék gq, FksA uUnh us jko.k dks jksdk ,d vU; egRoiw.kZ ladVfLFkfr] ftlls fcYdqy Li"V gks x;k fd jko.k dk
FkkA jko.k us ?kwe dj mUgsa ns[kk vkSj muds fofp= psgjs dks ns[kdj mlus TÛkksj ls ?keaM loZFkk pwj&pwj gks x;k Fkk] ;q¼ dkaM ds ,d lkS Ngosa lxZ esa of.kZr gSA jke
Bgkdk yxk;kA uUnh vR;Ur dqfir gq,] ijUrq egknso ds LFkku ij] fcuk mudh vkSj jko.k ,d çpaM ;q¼ esa my>s gq, FksA jke us eeZçgkj fd;k] ftlls jko.k
LohÏfr ds] ;q¼ djuk mfpr ugha le>k vkSj dsoy 'kki gh fn;k] ßvjs jko.k! vR;Ur O;fFkr gks tkrk gS] fdUrq ;q¼ dh ykylk ls enksUeÙk gksus ds dkj.k og
rqeus okuj :i esa eq>s ns[kdj esjk frjLdkj fd;k gS vkSj mlh Hkkouk ls çfjr ;g Lohdkj djus dks rS;kj ugha Fkk fd mldh 'kfDr lekIr çk;% gks xbZ gSA og
gksdj otzikr ds leku vêgkl fd;k gSA vr% rqEgkjs dqy dk fouk'k djus ds fQj Hkh yMÛrk jgkA mldks lkjfFk dk] tks jk{kl tkfr dk ,d jktdqekj yxrk
fy;s esjs gh leku ijkØe] :i vkSj rstokys okuj mRiék gksxa As u[k vkSj nk¡r gh Fkk] /;ku bl fLFkfr ij x;k fd jko.k viuk lUrqyu [kks jgk FkkA fLFkfr dh
mu okujksa ds vL= gksxa s rFkk os rhoz osx okys gksxa As os ;q¼ ds fy;s mUeÙk vkSj xEHkhjrk dks le>rs gq,] tSlk fd fo'oluh; vuqpj çk;% djrs gS] og jFk dk
vR;Ur cy'kkyh gksxa s rFkk pyrs fQjrs ioZrkas ds leku çrhr gksxa As Þ j.k{ks= ds e/; ls dqN nwj gVk ys x;k vkSj fQj Hk; ds ekjs] lej ls fudy x;k]
ftlls jke ds çdksi ls jko.k dks cpk;k tk ldsA ,d ne jko.k dk /;ku lkjfFk
356 jkek;.k ds T;ksfr&LrEHk rsbZlok¡ v/;k; 357

dh bl ;qfDr ij ugha x;k] fdUrq mlus ns[kk fd og jke dh lh/k esa ugha Fkk]
cfYd ,d dks.k ij FkkA rc mldks cks/k gqvk fd lkjfFk us D;k fd;k FkkA fQj rks
og Øks/k ls fryfeyk dj vius lkjfFk ls cksyk %
Ro;k| fg eekuk;Z fpjdkylekftZre~A rsbZlok¡ v/;k;
;'kks oh;± p rst'p çR;;'p foukf'kr%AA VI.106.5
ßlgòksa o"kks± ls eSua s ;ks¼k ds :i esa viuh [;kfr LFkkfir dh gSA eSua s vkt jko.k
rd j.k ls dHkh Hkh eq[k ugha eksMÛkA eSua s ,d cstksMÛ /kuq"k/kkjh dh dhfrZ LFkkfir dh
gS] ftlds le{k dksbZ fVdus dk lkgl Hkh ugha dj ldrkA rqeus D;ksa jFk dks 'k=q
ds lkeus ls gVkdj eq>s viekfur fd;k gS\ vuk;Z! vkt nqfu;k ds lkeus esjs
fpjdky ls vftZr ;'k] ijkØe] rst vkSj vkRefo'okl ij ,d {k.k esa ikuh Qsj fiNyss v/;k; esa eSua s mYys[k fd;k Fkk fd fdl çdkj vkjEHk esa jko.k us jke
fn;kA ;g jke] tks esjs lkeus gS vkSj ftlds fy, esjs eu esa frjLdkj Hkkouk ds dks dsoy ,d euq"; ek= ekudj rqPN le>k FkkA ijUrq muds gkFkksa dbZ ckj
vfrfjDr vkSj Hkkouk ugha Fkha] vc eSa Li"V vuqHko dj jgk gw¡ fd ;g ,d ,slk ijkftr gksus ij mlds ewY;kadu esa ifjorZu gqvk vkSj vUrr% mlus ekuk fd jke
;ks¼k gS] tks esjs lkFk yMÛus ;ksX; gSA eSa ml ij vius ijkØe dh /kkd tekuk mlls Hkh c<Ûdj gSAa fQj Hkh] dsoy brus ls jko.k dh egkurk ds çfr U;k; ugha
pkgrk gw¡AÞ gksrkA ;gh bl v/;k; dk fo"k; gSA
'k=ks% ç[;kroh;ZL; j´tuh;L; foØeS%A yadk dk Lokeh igys jko.k dk lkSry s k HkkbZ] dqcjs FkkA jko.k vius lg;ksxh
i';rks ;q)yqC/kks·ga Ñr% dkiq:"kLRo;kAA VI.106.6 lkfFk;ksa lfgr dgha ikrky yksd esa jgrk FkkA iq.; v£tr djds vkSj 'kfDr çkIr
vc jko.k dks jke ,d ,sls O;fDr ds :i esa fn[kus yxs] ftudh vksj ls gksus ij jko.k dks yadk gfFk;kus dh çsj.kk gqbAZ mlus vius HkkbZ dqcjs dks ckgj
okg&okg çkIr djuh xkSjo dh ckr gksxhA ßesjs 'k=q dk cy&ijkØe fo[;kr gSA fudky dj vkSj mldk îq"id* uked ,d cMÛk foeku Hkh gfFk;k fy;kA rRi'pkr~
jke ;q¼ ds dkS'ky dk lEeku djuk tkurk gSA tc og esjs ;q¼ dkS'ky dks mlus viuk jkT; LFkkfir dj yadk dks viuh jkt/kkuh cuk;kA bl LFkku dks
ns[ksxk] rks esjh ç'kalk djsxkA vr% mls vius cy&foØe }kjk lar"q V djuk esjh viuk dsUæ cukdj mlus f=yksd fot; ds mís'; ls vusd vfHk;ku pyk;sA
fy;s mfpr gSA eSa ;q¼ ds fy;s mUeÙk gw¡] rks Hkh rqeus jFk gVkdj 'k=q dh n`f"V esa egku ls egku Hkh mlls cpk u jgkA mldh egÙoiw.kZ fot; ds vUrxZr Fks] egku
eq>s dk;j fl¼ dj fn;kAÞ nsork vkSj ½f"kA mldh egkurk dsoy Lo;a rd gh lhfer u FkhA mlds v/khu
vkSj lnk mlds lkFk jgrs Fks] ;s jk{kl] tks yxHkx mlh ds leku 'kfDr'kkyh Fks
;g lkjfFk Hkh ,d dq'kkxz cqf¼ dk O;fDr FkkA mlus ;qfDr&;qDr <ax ls
vkSj ftudks vusd nsorkvksa vkSj i`Foh dh vusd 'kfDr'kkyh tkfr;ksa dks thrus dk
çekf.kr dj fn;k fd mlus tks dqN fd;k og mfpr Fkk vkSj jko.k dk jks"k
Js; FkkA mldk HkkbZ] dqEHkd.kZ 'kkjhfjd 'kfDrcy esa yxHkx mlh ds leku
vuqfpr FkkA ßbl dk;Z ls vkidk fgr gksxk ;g lksp dj eSua s ,slk fd;k] ;|fi
'kfDr'kkyh FkkA ;fn mlus viuh nh/kZdkyhu fuæk ls vius vkidks çfrckf/kr u
vkidks ;g vfç; yxk gks]Þ lkjfFk ds bl dFku ls jko.k lar"q V gqvkA mls le> cuk fy;k gksrk] rks dnkfpr~~ og jko.k ds i{k esa ,slh egk'kfDr gksrk fd ftldks
esa vk x;k fd lpeqp og Hkkjh ladV esa igq¡p x;k FkkA rc mnkjrk dh rjax es]a u"V djus ds fy;s fd;s x, ç;kl ls dgha vf/kd ç;kl dh vko';drk gksrhA
tks çk;% cMÛs yksxksa esa gksrh gS] mlus lkjfFk dks iqjLdkj :i es]a viuk gkj mrkj jko.k dk iq=] es?kukn dyk esa bruk fuiq.k Fkk fd og dqVk;ksf/k;ksa (pkyckTÛk
dj iguk fn;kA yMÛkdks)a dk jktk ekuk tkrk FkkA og vfXu }kjk mu 'kfDr;ksa rd viuh vkgqfr
igq¡pkus esa cgqr dq'ky Fkk] ftuls mls egÙoiw.kZ ojnkuksa vFkok le;≤ ij
lg;ksx dh vis{kk FkhA bl çdkj og bruk 'kfDr'kkyh gks x;k fd ;q¼ esa mlus
Lo;a bUæ dks Hkh thr fy;k vkSj mls cUnh cukdj yadk ys vk;kA czãk ds cgqr
vuqjks/k djus ij gh mls eqDr fd;k x;kA QyLo:i] og bUæftr dh mikf/k ls
357

fo[;kr gks x;kA lkFk&lkFk mlus vusd ojnku Hkh çkIr dj fy;sA vr% tc ge æqrxfr ls viuh 'kfDr dks c<Ûk jgk gS] fcuk fdlh jksd&Vksd ds] NksV&s cMÛs dk
jko.k dh egkurk ds fo"k; ij fopkj djrs gS]a rks gesa mls bl n`f"V ls Hkh ns[kuk /;ku u j[krs gq, mRikr epkrk jgrk gSA
gksxk fd mlds vkl ikl ds O;fDr;ksa dh egkurk ds dkj.k] tks mldh egkurk ls m}st;fr yksdkaL=huqfPNªrku~ }sf"V nqeZfr%A
dqN gh de Fkh] jko.k dk egRo vusd xq.kk c<Û x;kA mldk iq= vfrdk; Hkh cMÛk 'kØa f=n'k;ktkua ç/k"kZf;rqfePNfrAA
'kfDr'kkyh ;ks¼k FkkA _`"khu~ ;{kku~ lxU/kokZulqjku~ czkã.kkaLrFkkA
,slk fo'okl djuk rks dfBu gS fd ,d lkezkT; dh le`f¼ dk bl vfrØkefr nq/k"kksZ ojnkusu eksfgr%AA
ijkdk"Bk ij igq¡puk] jko.k }kjk ,d lqO;ofLFkr 'kkluç.kkyh ds fcuk lEHko gks uSua lw;%Z çrifr ik'osZ okfr u ek:r%A
ldrkA og u dsoy egku vkSj 'kfDr'kkyh jgk gksxk] vfirq mlesa ,d dq'ky pyksÆeekyh ra n`"V~ok leqæks·fi u dEirsAA
'kkld ds fof'k"V xq.k Hkh fo|eku jgs gksxa As yadk uxjh dk o.kZu djrs le; dfo r= Roa ekuq"kks HkwRok ço`)a yksdd.Vde~AA
mYys[k djrk gS fd og uxjh O;ofLFkr vkSj lqpk# Fkh] viuh fo}Ùkk vkSj vius vo/;a nSorSÆo".kks lejs tfg jko.ke~A I.15.8-10,20,21
oSHko ds fy;s fo[;kr FkhA jko.k ds vkns'kksa dk ikyu fd;k tkrk FkkA ;q¼ ifj"kn~ ßmlus rhuksa yksdksa esa vkrad epk j[kk gSA og gjsd ls fo}s"k j[krk gSA og
cqykbZ tkrh Fkh] bR;kfnA bu lcdk vk/kkj dsoy ,d i'kq cy gh ugha Fkk] vfirq nq"VkRek] ftl fdlh dks fdlh Å¡ph fLFkfr esa ns[krk gS] mlh ds lkFk }s"k djus
vf/kdka'kr% og Fkk] ftldks ge ^jkT;ra=* dh laKk ns ldrs gSa vFkkZr~ fo'kky yxrk gS vkSj mldks u"V djus dk Hkjld ç;Ru djrk gSA mldh egRokdka{kk
lkezkT;ksa vkSj mudh turk vkSj muds miyC/k lk/kuksa dh leqfpr O;oLFkk ds bruh c<Û xbZ gS fd vc og nsojkt bUæ dks Hkh ijkftr djus dh vfHkyk"kk djrk
fy;s çcU/k dkS'kyA gesa ;g Hkh ;kn j[kuk fd dfo cy vkSj ;q¼ dkS'ky esa jko.k gSA nsorkvksa ds ojnkuksa ls enkseLr gksdj og bruk míaM gks x;k gS fd ½f"k] ;{k]
dks] jke ds ckn gh dk LFkku dsoy nsrk gSA y{e.k dks mlus nks ckj ^'kfDr vL=* xU/koZ] vlqj rFkk czkã.kksa dks ihfMÛr vkSj viekfur djrk gSA cMÛ&s cMÛs nsork] tks
}kjk gjk;k vkSj ;e ds }kj rd igq¡pk fn;k vkSj nksuksa ckj mUgsa lathouh vkS"kf/k czãkaM dk 'kklu pyk jgs gSa vkSj mls lqO;ofLFkr j[k jgs gS]a os Hkh mlls Hk;Hkhr
}kjk cpk;k x;kA vr,o] ;g mfpr gh gS fd jke ds ckn] jko.k dks gh ml le; gSAa lw;Z nso mldks ri ugha igq¡pk ldrs] ok;q mlds Åij TÛkksj ls ugha pyrh rFkk
dk dq'ky ;ks¼k ekuk tk;sA okujksa esa lqxhz o vkSj guqeku ;nk&dnk] ;q¼ esa mlls og mÙkky rjax okyk leqæ Hkh jko.k dks ns[kdj Hk; ls LrC/k gks tkrk gS] mlesa
>MÛi djus esa rks l{ke Fks] ijUrq mUgsa bruk 'kfDr'kkyh ugha ekuk tk ldrk fd dEiu ugha jgrkA euq"; :i esa vki çdV gksdj] tks jko.k] lalkj ds fy;s
os mlds gjk ldrs ;k u"V dj ldrsA ;g dk;Z rks dsoy Jh jke ds }kjk gh vR;Ur çcy dVad :i gS vkSj nsorkvksa ds fy;s Hkh vo/; gS] ml jko.k dks lej
lEHko gks ldrk Fkk] vkSj muds fy;s Hkh dksbZ lgt vkSj ljy u gqvkA vfUre Hkwfe esa ekj Mkfy;sA blfy;s ge lc feydj mlds o/k ds fy;s vkidh 'kj.k esa
pj.k esa mudks Hkh ^vkfnR;ân;* egkea= dh lgk;rk fn;k tkuk vko';d gks vk, gSAa vkils çkFkZuk djrs gSa fd vki euq"; :i esa vorkj ysdj mldks u"V djsa
x;k] ftldh tkudkjh mudks ,d ukTÛkÛd q fLFkfr esa vxLR; ½f"k }kjk nh xbZ FkhA D;ksfa d ;fn vki ,d nsork ds :i esa tkdj mlls yMÛxas ]s rks vki mldks gjk ugha
;fn vkidks Lej.k gks] ;g {k.k Hkh ogh {k.k Fkk] tcfd jko.k dks mlds jFk lfgr ldrsA og ew[kZ bruk vfu;U=.kh; gks x;k gS vkSj fdlh ds o'k esa ugha vk jgk gSA
mlds lkjfFk us lglk j.k{ks= ls gVk fn;k FkkA ,slk çrhr gksrk gS fd nksuksa mldh dqfVyrk] vR;kpkj o.kZukrhr gSAa Þ
çfr;ksxh] yxHkx ,d gh le; ij] viuh 'kfDr dh lhek ds vfUre pj.k ij
jko.k tc igyh ckj lhrk ds ikl vkrk gS] og ,d lkSE; lU;klh ds :i
igq¡p pqds FksA blh volj ij bUæ us Hkh jke ds fy;s viuh futh okgu&lkjfFk
esa vkrk gSA fQj Hkh ,slk çrhr gksrk gS fd çÏfr mldks Nn~eos'k esa Hkh igpku
lfgr Hkstk] viuh <ky vkSj peRdkfjd /kuq"k&ck.k Hkh çnku fd,A vr,o] gesa
xbZ] D;ksfa d ,slk esjk vuqeku gS fd mlesa dqN vfrekuoh; 'kfDr Fkh] ftldks og
ekuuk iMÛxs k fd jko.k jke ds yxHkx led{k Fkk vkSj og vUr esa ijkftr gqvk]
Lo;a u rks nck ldrk Fkk vkSj u gh fNik ldrk Fkk D;ksfa d tc og lhrk ds lehi
rks mls fnO;rk ds dkj.k] tks Jh jke esa fufgr FkhA
vk;k]
vc ge ewy ikB ij vkrs gSa vkSj ;g ns[krs gSa fd dfo jko.k dh egkurk ls
gesa voxr djkrk gS]a dHkh Lo;a vkSj dHkh vius ds egku ik=ksa x.k }kjkA cky rexzrt s % dekZ.ka tuLFkku:gk æqek%AA
dkaM esa ge ns[krs gSa fd nsork egkfo".kq ls jko.k dh f'kdk;r djrs gSAa jko.k leh{; u çdEiUrs u çokfr p ek:r%A

'kh?kzlkz r
s k'p ra n`"V~ok oh{kUra jDrykspue~AA tc igyh ckj os mlls mlds jkt njckj esa feysA ml ij n`f"Vikr djds] os
fLrfera xUrqekjsHks Hk;kn~xksnkojh unhA III.46.6-8 vk'p;Zpfdr gks x,A
ou ds o`{k rd Hkh mlls Hk; [kkrs FksA ml Hk;adj ikikpkjh dks vk;k vgks #iegks /kS;eZ gks lÙoegks |qfr%A
ns[kdj tuLFkku ds o`{kksa us Hkh fgyuk can dj fn;k vkSj ok;q dk osx Hkh :d vgks jk{kljktL; loZy{k.k;qDrrkAA
x;kA yky us=ksa okys jko.k dks viuh vkSj n`f"Vikr djrs ns[k dj rhoz xfr ls ;|/keksZ u cyoku~ L;kn;a jk{kls'oj%A
cgus okyh xksnkojh unh Hkh Hk;Hkhr eUn&eUn cgus yxhA L;kn;a lqjyksdL; l'kØL;kfi jf{krkAA
;g fdlh Hkh O;fDr dh egkurk ds çfr ,d vçfre J¼katfy gSA leLr vL; ØwjSuZ`'kalS'p deZfHkyksZddqfRlrS%A
nsork vkSj çÏfr dk çR;sd rÙo lc gh mlls Hk;Hkhr gSA ,d çfl¼ ukVd gS] rsu fcH;fr [kYoLekYyksdk% lkejnkuok% AA
êgkukVd]* ftlesa jko.k ds çfr çÏfr rd dk Hk; cMÛs ukVdh; <ax ls çLrqr v;a áqRlgrs Øq)% drZeq d s k.kZoa txr~A
fd;k x;k gSA bl ukVd ds jpf;rk us ,d n`"; lfékfo"V fd;k gS] ftlesa jko.k us bfr fpUrka cgqfo/kkedjksUefreku~ dfi%AA
lhrk dks vHkh&vHkh ns[kk gSA mu ij ,d ckj gh n`f"Vikr djrs gh mldk leLr n`"V~ok jk{kljktL; çHkkoeferkStl%AA V.49.17-20
O;fDrRo vR;Ur dkekrqj gks tkrk gSA og vR;Ur O;kdqy vkSj vLr&O;Lr ?kj guqeku dqN uhfroknkRed ckr djrk gS] ßvgks! bl jk{kl jkt dk :i
ykSVkA cspuS vkSj v'kkUr 'k¸;k ij djoVsa cnyrk jgkA QyLo:i og viuh fdruk vn~Hkqr gS] dSlk vuks[kk /kS;Z gS] dSlh vuqie 'kfDr gS vkSj dSlk vk'p;Ztud
nSfud p;kZ Hkh u fuHkk ldkA mldh fnup;kZ Hkh Fkh] vlk/kkj.kA çkr% dky nsork rst gS! bldk lEiw.kZ jktksfpr y{k.kksa ls lEiék gSA bl jk{kljkt dks bUælfgr
mldk czãk lfgr vfHkuUnu djus vkrsA ml fnu Hkh lnk dh Hkk¡fr nsork çkr% lEiw.kZ nsoyksd dk laj{kd gksuk pkfg, FkkA ,sls lEiw.kZ çHkqRo dks çkIr djk u
J¼katfy v£ir djus ds fy;s vk;s] fdUrq vius Lokeh dh v'kkUr eu% fLFkfr ldus dk dkj.k gS] mldk v/keZA bldh yksdfufUnr Øwjrk] 'kfDr ds nq#i;ksx
le> dj }kjiky mudks mudh fnup;kZ ls jksd nsrk gSA frjLdkj u lgh] rFkk fu"Bqj deksaZ ds dkj.k nso&nkuo lc Hk;Hkhr jgrs gSA og dqfir gksus ij
vfrifjp; ds Lojksa esa og muls dgrk gS % leLr txr dks ,d vk.kZo esa fueXu dj ldrk gS]a lalkj esa çy; epk ldrk
czãé/;;uL; uS"k le;Lrw".kha cfg% LFkh;rka gSA og viuh 'kfDr;ksa dk mi;ksx /kkfeZd vkSj usd mís';ksa dh iwfw rZ ds fy;s ugha
LoYia tYi c`gLirs tMers uS"kk lHkk oftz.k%A djrkA og vkRela;e ugha cjrrk vkSj lc çdkj ds vuqfpr O;ogkj esa layXu
jgrk gSA bl lalkj esa ;fn v/keZ ,d nqx.qZ k u gksrk] rks ;g O;fDr bgyksd&ijyksd
oh.kka lagj ukjn Lrqfreq[kiSjya rqEcqjks
esa lcdk Lokeh cu ldrk FkkA fujUrj fu"Bqj vkpj.k vkSj viuh 'kfDr ds
lhrk;YydHkYyHkXuân;% LoLFkks u y³~d's oj%AA &egkukVd
nq#i;ksx ds dkj.k mlus lcdks viuk 'k=q cuk fn;k vkSj lPpfjr yksx mlds
ßczãk! vkt ;gk¡ osnikB dk le; ugha gS]a pqipki ckgj gh [kMÛs jgksA rqe
fo#¼ gks x;s gSAa Þ
tMÛefr o`gLifr] tks viuh okd~iVqrk çn£'kr djus esa çoh.k gks] vkt de gh
cksyksA ;g bUæ dh lHkk ugha] ukjn] oh.kk dks er NksMÛk]s vkt mls foJke nksA vfer rstLoh jk{kljkt ds çHkko dks ns[kdj] os cqf¼eku okujohj guqeku
jko.k vkt la;reuk ugha gSA vr,o] mldh 'kkfUr Hkax u djksA mldk ân; ,d bl çdkj dk fpUru djrs jgsA guqeku okLro esa egkurk ds ikj[kh FksA jko.k dh
vR;Ur iSus ck.k ls fca/k x;k gSA og ck.k gS] lhrk ds ds'kksa ds chp dh ek¡xA tcls igyh >yd ds i'pkr~ muds efLr"d esa bl çdkj ds fopkj vk;sA ;g tkuuk Hkh
mlus lhrk dks ns[kk gS] og cspSu gSAÞ jkspd gksxk fd jko.k us tc guqeku dks ns[kk] rks mlds eu esa fdl çdkj ds
fopkj vk;s] ;g tkuus ds fy, vf/kd çrh{kk djus dh vko';drk ughaA jko.k dks
,slk Fkk] og jko.k] ftlds o/k ds fy;s fo".kq dks euq"; :i esa vorkj ysuk ;g lwpuk fey pqdh Fkh fd guqeku us uxjh dk ,d Hkkx loZFkk u"V dj fn;k
iMÛkA vkSj jko.k ds iq= lfgr vusd jk{klksa dk o/k Hkh dj fn;kA vr,o] og guqeku
vc ns[krs gSa fd jko.k dSlk çrhr gksrk gS rFkk mu yksxksa ds fy;s ftUgksua s dks ns[krs gh le> x;k vkSj mudh egkurk dks rkMÛ x;kA og lkspus yxk] ßD;k
mls çR;{k ns[kk Fkk vkSj tks mldk ewY;kadu djus esa l{ke Fks] ,sls yksx] tks bl okuj :i esa lk{kkr~ Hkxoku uUnh gh rks ugha i/kkjs gS]a ftudk iwoZ dky esa
U;wukf/kd mldh dh Js.kh ds FksA dfo o.kZu djrk gS] guqeku ij dSlk çHkko iMÛk] dSykl ioZr ij eSua s migkl fd;k Fkk vkSj eq>s 'kki Hkh feyk FkkA vFkok bl :i

eas ck.kklqj dk vkxeu rks ugha gqvk\Þ* bl çdkj nks egku gfLr;ksa us igyh ckj ;fn dksbZ O;fDr ns[kus ek= Hkj ls guqeku vkSj Jh jke ij ,slk çHkko NksMÛ
,d nwljs dks ns[kkA ldrk gS] rc rks gekjs rqPN efLr"dksa esa dksbZ ,slk ekunaM ugha] ftlds }kjk
tc jko.k viuh fo'kky lsuk dks bdëk djds Jh jke vkSj mudh okuj lsuk mldk okLrfod ewY;kadu gks ldsA mldh e`R;q i'pkr~ foHkh"k.k mlds fo"k; esa
ls fHkMÛus vk;k] ml le; vkxs vk dj foHkh"k.k Jh jke dks crkrs gSa fd jko.k dh bl çdkj dgrs gSa %
lsuk esa dkSu dkSu gSA vUr esa os Lo;a jko.k ij vkrs gSa % ;ks·;a foensZ"kq u HkXuiwoZ% lqjS% lesrS% lg oklosuA
;=SrfnUnqçfrea foHkkfr PN=a flra lw{e'kykdexzîe~A HkoUreklk| j.ks foHkXuks osykfeoklk| ;Fkk leqæ%AA
v=S"k j{kksf/kifreZgkRek HkwroS r ` ks :æ bokoHkfrAA vusu nÙkkfu lqifw trkfu HkqDrk'p Hkksxk fuHk`rk'p Hk`R;k%A
vlkS fdjhVh pydq.MykL;ks uxsUæfoU/;ksieHkhedk;%A /kukfu fe=s"kq lefiZrkfu oSjk.;fe=s"kq p ;kfirkfuAA
egsUæoSoLrniZgUrk j{kksf/ki% lw;Z bokoHkkfrAA VI.59.24,25 ,"kksfgrkfXu'p egkrik'p osnkUrx% deZlq pkxzîoh;Z%A
ßftlds Åij iw.kZ pUæek ds leku 'osr ,oa iryh dekuh okyk lqUnj N= ,rL; ;r~ çsrxrL; ÑR;a rRdrqfZ ePNkfe ro çlknkr~AA
'kksHkk;eku gS] og jk{kljkt jko.k gS] tks Hkwrksa ls f?kjs gq, #ænso ds leku VI.112.22.21
lq'kksfHkr gks jgk gSA og flj ij eqdVq /kkj.k fd;s gq, gSA mldk eq[k] dkuksa esa ß;g O;fDr] tks vc dhfrZ'ks"k gS] mls led{k vkt rd dksbZ nwljk u FkkA
fgyrs gq, dqMa yksa ls vyaÏr gSA mldk 'kjhj] fxjhjkt fgeky; vkSj foU/;kpy iwoZ dky esa ;q¼ ds voljkas ij leLr nsork rFkk bUæ Hkh dHkh bls ihNs u gVk
ls leku fo'kky vkSj Hk;adj gSA ;g bUæ vkSj ;ejkt ds xoZ dks Hkh pwj djus ldsA ogh jko.k vkt j.kHkwfe esa vki ls VDdj ysdj 'kkUr gks x;k] tSls ygjkrk
okyk jk{kl gSA nsf[k,! ;g jk{kljkt lk{kkr~ lw;Z ds leku çdkf'kr gks jgk gSAÞ gqvk leqæ viuh rV Hkwfe rd vkdj 'kkUr gks tkrk gSA bl O;fDr us vius thou
eSa vkidk /;ku bl fcUnq dh vksj fnykuk pkgrk gw¡A dfo pkgrk gS fd ge dky esa ,sls dk;Z fd, ga]S tks okLro esa egkurk dh çdV djrs gSAa mlus eqDrgLr
jko.k dks lpeqp ,d egku O;fDr ds :i esa ns[ks]a u fd ,d frjLÏr ik= ds :i ;kpdksa dks nku fn,] og vR;Ur mnkj LoHkko dk FkkA mlus lc çdkj ds ,s'o;Z
esAa ;g cMÛs l'kDr <ax ls mldh miekvksa vkSj rqyukvksa }kjk Li"V gks tkrk gSA Hkksxs vkSj Hk`R;ksa dk HkyhHkk¡fr Hkj.k&iks"k.k fd;kA /ku dk lap; djds mlus vius
bl 'yksd esa jko.k dh rqyuk Lo;a #æ ls dh xbZ gSA bldh rqyuk ds lw;Z ls Hkh fe=ksa dh lgk;rk dh vkSj /ku dks cMÛh mnkjrk ls muesa ck¡VkA mlesa tks fo}s"k
dh xbZ gSA foHkh"k.k }kjk jko.k dh iwjh&iwjh tkudkjh fn, tkus ds ckn] Jh jke us Hkkouk vkSj nwljksa dks {kfr igq¡pkus dh {kerk Fkh] mldk ç;ksx dsoy vius 'k=qvksa
dsoy n`f"Vikr ls gh vius 'k=q ds Lo:i dks igpku fy;k] ftldk mUgsa o/k ds fo#¼ fd;k vkSj ;Fkksfpr oSj dk cnyk Hkh fy;kA dqy feyk dj og ,d
djuk gksxkA ml le; muds eu esa D;k D;k fopkj vk;s\ fo'oluh; fe= vkSj n;kyq Lokeh FkkA ;g vfXugks=h] osnkUosÙkk rFkk ;K&;kxkfn
vgks nhIrks egkrstk jko.kks jk{kls'oj%AA deks± esa Js"B ije deZB jgk gSAÞ tgk¡ Lo;a foHkh"k.k] tks ,d /keZfu"Bk O;fDr Fks
vkfnR; bo nq"çs{kks jf'efHkHkkZfr jko.k%A vkSj lc çdkj dh riL;kvksa dks Kkrk Fks] vius HkkbZ dks ^vkfgrkfXu* dh laKk nsrs
lqO;Dra y{k;s áL;a #ia rstLleko`re~AA gSaA
nsonkuoohjk.kka oiquoZS afo/ka HkosrA~ vki lgt gh le> ldrs gS]a og fdruk ifo= Hkh FkkA og osnkUr dk vPNk
;k<`'ka jk{klsUs æL; oiqjr s Rçdk'krsAA VI.59.26-28 Kkrk Fkk] çdkaM iafMr FkkA 'kkL=ksDr riL;k] ozr vuq"Bku esa vf}rh; FkkA ß;g
ßvgks! jk{kljkt jko.k dk rst rks cgqr gh c<Ûk&p<Ûk vkSj nsnhI;eku gSA esjk HkkbZ] tks deZdkaM dk Lo;a Kkrk Fkk] vc ogh çsr Hkko dks çkIr gks x;k gSA
jko.k viuh çHkk ls lw;Z dh Hkk¡fr 'kksHkk ik jgk gS] bldh vksj ns[kuk Hkh dfBu gSA vr% eSa gh vkidh Ïik ls bldk çsr&ÏR; djuk pkgrk gw¡AÞ fQj foHkh"k.k ds eu
vk¡[ks pdkpkS/a k gks tkrh gSA rst eaMy ls O;kIr gksus ds dkj.k mldk :i eq>s Hkh esa nwljk fopkj vk;kA blh le; Jh jke us foHkh"k.k ls dgk fd fL=;ksa dks /kS;Z
Li"V fn[kkbZ ugha nsrkA bl jk{kljkt dk 'kjhj ,slk lq'kksfHkr gks jgk gS] tSlk ca/kkvks vkSj vius HkkbZ dk laLdkj djks] fdUrq foHkh"k.k cksyk] ßHkxoku! ftlus
nsorkvksa vkSj nkuoksa dk Hkh u gksxkAÞ /keZ vkSj lnkpkj dks R;kx fn;k Fkk] tks Øwj] funZ;h] vlR;oknh rFkk ijkbZ fL=;ksa
dk Li'kZ djus okyk Fkk] mldk nkg&laLdkj djuk eSa mfpr ugha le>rkA lcds
* nsf[k, v-22, i`-354.

vfgr esa layXu jgus okyk esjk HkkbZ] jko.k] HkkbZ ds :i esa esjk 'k=q FkkA ;|fi ,oa czoq Urks nn`'kqLo|q)a jkejko.ke~AA
T;s"B gksus ls og esjk iwT; Fkk] rFkkfi og eq>ls lRdkj ikus ;ksX; ugha gSAÞ rr% Øq)ks egkckgw j?kw.kka dhfrZo/kZue~ %A
vc jke dk ckjh vkbZ jko.k dh ç'kalk djus dhA os foHkh"k.k dks vius HkkbZ lU/kk; /kuq"kk jke% {kqjek'khfo"kksiee~AA
ds çfr vius vfUre dÙkZO; ls foeq[k u gksus ds fy;s le>krs gSa % jko.kL; f'kjks·fPNUnPNªheTtofyrdq.Mye~A
v/kekZur ` la;D q r% dkea Ros"k fu'kkpj%AA rfPNj% ifrra HkwekS n`"Va yksdfS L=fHkLrnkAA
rstLoh oyok´'kwj% la;qxs"kq p fuR;'k%A rL;So ln`'ka pkU;æko.kL;ksfRFkra f'kj%A
'krØrqe[ q kSnoZs %S Jw;rs u ijkftr%AA VI.114.99,100 rfR{kIra f{kçgLrsu jkes.k f{kçdkfj.kkAA
ßeSa ;g ugha tkurk fd ;s lc ckrsa mlus dhA og fu'kkpj Hkys gh v/kehZ f}rh;a jko.kf'kjf'Néa la;fr lk;dS%A
vkSj vlR;oknh jgk gks] ijUrq laxkz e esa lnk rstLoh] cyoku rFkk 'kwjohj jgk gSA fNéek=a rq rPNh"k± iqujU;r~ Le n`';rsAA
tc cMÛ&s cMÛs nsorkvksa dh Hkh j.k{ks= esa jko.k ls VDdj gqbAZ og dHkh Hkkxk ugha] rnI;'kfuladk'kSf'Néa jkes.k lk;dS%A
u gh ijkftr gqvkA bUæ vkfn nsork Hkh bldks ijkftr u dj lds FksAÞ ,oesd'kra fNéa f'kjlka rqY;opZlke~AA
vc eSa ewy laLÏr esa ,d va'k çLrqr djrk gw¡] og vR;Ur jkspd gSA bles u pSo jko.kL;kUrks n`';rs thfor{k;sA
rr% lokZL=fo}hj% dkSlY;kuUno/kZu%AA
jke&jko.k ds vfUre ;q¼ dk o.kZu gSA eSa bldk iwjk vuqokn u dj] mls ekSfyd
:i esa ns jgk gw¡] vkSj dgha&dgha O;k[;k Hkh d:¡xkA jke vkSj jko.k ds chp ;g ekxZ.kScgZ fq Hk;qD
Z rf'kpUr;kekl jk?ko%A VI.110.17-31
laxkz e okLro esa bl ;q¼ dh ijkdk"Bk gSA dfo Hkh fo'okl fnykuk pkgrk gS fd ;q¼ bruk çpaM Fkk fd lkrksa leqæ fo{kqC/k gks x,] gTÛkkjksa ikrky fuoklh Hkh
;g laxkz e nks ,sls i{kksa ds e/; Fkk] tks yxHkx ,d cjkcj Fks vkSj blhfy;s ml O;fFkr gks mBs] lkjh /kjrh dk¡i mBhA es?kksa ls vkPNkfnr lw;Z dh çHkk Hkh yqIr gks
le;] tks tks vL=&'kL= vkSj ;q¼ ds lk/ku miyC/k Fks] mu lc dk mi;ksx xbZ vkSj ok;q dh xfr Hkh #d xbZ nsork] xU/koZ] fl¼] egf"kZ vkfn] lHkh fpUrk eas
fd;k x;k nksua ks i{kksas dh vksj lsA iMÛ x,A ,slk ugha yxrk Fkk fd jko.k ijkftr gks tk;sxk D;kasfd og bruk
'kfDr'kkyh Fkk vkSj jke ds led{k gh FkkA vc os lc feydj çkFkZuk djus yxs]
xnkuka eqlykuka p ifj?kk.kka p fu%LouS%A ßJh jke ;q¼ eas fot;h gksa vkSj jko.k ijkLr gksA gjsd ,d&nwljs ds ln`'k gS]
'kjk.kka iq³[~ kikrS'p {kqfHkrk% lIr lkxjk%AA
rhljk vkSj dksbZ ughaAÞ xU/koZ vkSj vIljkvksa ds leqnk; Hkh ml vuqie ;q¼ dks
{kqC/kkuka lkxjk.kka p ikrkyryokflu%A ns[kdj dgus yxs] ßvkdk'k&vkdk'k ds rqY; gh gS] leqæ&leqæ ds gh leku gS]
O;fFkrk% iéxkLlosZ nkuok'p lglz'k%AA
rFkk jke vkSj jko.k ds ;q¼ ds gh ln`'k gSAÞ Jh jke us dqfir gksj ,d vR;Ur
pdEis esfnuh ÑRLuk l'kSyoudkuukA 'kfDr'kkyh ck.k NksMÛk vkSj mlds }kjk mldk nl esa ls ,d eLrd dkV MkykA
HkkLdjks fu"çHk'pklhé ookS pkfi ek:r%AA
dfo crkuk pkgrk gS fd rRle;] mldk dVk gqvk flj i`Foh ij fxj iMÛk] ftls
rrks nsok% lxU/kokZ% fl)k'p ije"kZ;%A rhukas yksdksa ds çkf.k;ks&a ;{kks]a fdékjksa vkSj xU/koks± us ns[kkA fdUrq] rRdky] tgk¡ og
fpUrkekisfnjs losZ lfdéjegksjxk%AA flj Fkk] ogk¡ oSlk gh u;k flj mRiék gks x;kA Jh jke us vius nsk rhu lk;dksa }kjk
LofLr xksckz ã.ksH;ks·Lrq yksdkfLr"BLrq 'kk'ork%A jko.k dk nwljk flj Hkh dkV MkykA mlds dVrs gh iqu% ,d u;k flj mRiék gks
t;rka jk?ko% la[;s jko.ka jk{kls'oje~AA x;k vkSj mldh xzho ij tqMÛ x;kA fdUrq] mls Hkh jke us lk;dksa }kjk dkV fn;k]
,oa tiUrks·i';aLrs nsokLlf"kZx.kkLrnkA ijUrq nwljk mRiék gks x;kA bl çdkj lkS ckj mldk flj dkV Mkyk x;k] ijUrq
jkejko.k;ks;) Zq a lq?kksja jkseg"kZ.ke~AA 'kh?kz gh u;k flj mx vkrk FkkA mlds thou dk uk'k gksus ds fy;s mlds eLrdksa
xU/kokZIljlka l³~xk n`"V~ok ;q)euwiee~A dk vUr rks gksrk gh u FkkA rnuUrj Jh jke] vusd çdkj ds vL=&'kL= ls
xxua xxukdkja lkxj% lkxjksie%AA lqlfTtr gksus ij Hkh] bl çdkj] fpUrkeXu gks x,A
jkejko.k;ks;) Zq a jkejko.k;ksfjoA

ekjhpks fugrks ;SLrq [kjks ;SLrq lnw"k.k%A :i esa mlus Nqvk FkkA vc eSa nks 'kCn bl fo"k; esa dguk pkgw¡xk] fdl çdkj og
ØkS´pkj.;s fojk/kLrq dcU/kks n.MdkousAA vius yksxksa ls fuLladksp vkSj LokehHkfDr vkSj lg;ksx ikus esa l{ke FkkA blds
;S% lkyk fxj;ks HkXuk okyh p {kqfHkrks·Ecqf/k%AA fy;s fof'k"V xq.kksa dh vko';drk gksrh gSA tc vius vuqpjksa ls fdlh çdkj dh
r bes lk;dk% losZ ;q)s çkR;f;dk eeA çkIr lgk;rk dh ljkguk djuh gks] rks Lokeh dks 'kCnksa ds O;; esa mnkj gksuk
fdarq rRdkj.ka ;su s jko.ks eUnrstl%AA VI 110.31-33 pkfg,A ;fn mudh ç'kalk esa vki Ïi.k gS]a rks mu yksxkssa ls Js"B lg;ksx dh vk'kk
ßeSaus ftu ck.kksa ls ekjhp vkSj [kj&nw"k.k dks ekjk] ØkSapou ds xïs esa u j[ksAa jko.k ,slh lc dykvksa esa n{k FkkA tc dqEHkd.kZ dks vR;f/kd ?kksj ç;Ruksa
fojk/k dk o/k fd;k] naMdkj.; esa dcU/k dks lekIr fd;k] lkyo`{k vkSj ioZrksa dks vkSj fofp= lk/kuksa dk ç;ksx djds egkfuæk ls txk;k x;k] rks jko.k ds ikl
{kqC/k dj fn;k] vusd ckj laxkz e esa ftu ck.kksa dh veks?krk ij fo'okl dj fy;k igq¡p dj mlus igyk dke tks fd;k] og Fkk ijke'kZ nsukA tSls igys eUnksnjh
x;k gS] os gh ;ss esjs lk;d] vkt jko.k ij fuLrst vkSj dqfa Br gks x, gSA bldk vkSj foHkh"k.k dg pqds Fks] mlus Hkh dgk fd mls Jh jke ds pj.kksa esa vkReleiZ.k
dkj.k D;k gks ldrk gS\Þ djuk gh fgrdj gksxkA dqEHkd.kZ dh ;g ckr lqudj jko.k Øks/k esa Hkj x;k vkSj
bl çdkj fpUrkxzLr gksus ij Hkh Jh jke us jko.k dh Nkrh ij ck.kksa dh >MÛh cksyk] ßrqe eq>s mins'k D;ksa ns jgs gks\ bl le; tks mfpr vkSj vko';d gks] ogh
yxk nhA rc jFk ij fojkteku jko.k us Hkh dqfir gksdj Jh jke dks xnk vkSj djksAÞ mÙkj esa dqEHkd.kZ cksyk] ßrqEgkjh tSlh bPNk gks] ogh djksA bl le;
ewlyksa ls ihfMÛr djuk vkjEHk dj fn;kA egk;q¼ us cMÛk Hk;adj :i /kkj.k dj Lusgo'k ,d HkkbZ dks] tks dqN djuk mfpr gS] ogh eSa d:¡xkA rqeus tks dqN fd;k
fy;kA og laxkz e lkjh jkr pyrk jgkA ;g ;q¼ u jkr dks can gksrk u fnu esAa gS] mldk leFkZu eSa ugha djrkA fQj Hkh eSa rqEgkjh lgk;rk ls ihNs ugha gVw¡xkA eSa
,d {k.k ds fy;s Hkh fojke u gqvkA jke dh ;q¼ esa fot; gksrh u ns[kdj] nsojkt rqEgkjs i{k esa ;q¼ d:¡xk vkSj viuh lEiw.kZ 'kfDr] vius dkS'ky vkSj cy dk
ds lkjfFk] ekrfy us] tks Lo;a bUæ }kjk çf'kf{kr Fks] jke dks dqN ;kn fnykrs gq, ç;ksx rqEgkjs i{k esa gh d:¡xkAÞ vius fo'kky 'kwy dks gkFk esa ysdj dqEHkd.kZ
jke ds dku esa dqN dgk] ßohjoj! vki vutku dh rjg D;kas bl jk{kl dk jko.k ls cksyk] ßeSa vdsyk gh ;q¼ ds fy;s tkÅ¡xkAÞ jko.k us tc vius HkkbZ ls
vuqlj.k dj jgs gSAa tks vL= og pykrk gS] mlds fuokj.k djus okys vL= dsoy ,sls çksRlkgd 'kCn lqu]s rks mlus dqEHkd.kZ dk Hkjld ç;kl djus ds fy;s] viuk
ç;ksx ek= jg tkrs gSAa vki blds o/k ds fy;s czãL= dk ç;ksx dhft,AÞ jke ,d gkj mlds xys esa iguk fn;kA
;q¼ esa brus rYyhu Fks fd mUgas fdlh ckr dk /;ku u FkkA mUgsa ;g lkspus dk vFkklukr~ leqRiR; lzta ef.kÑrkUrjke~AA
le; gh u Fkk fd bl volj ij D;k djuk mfpr gSA ekrfy dks bl loZJ"s B vkccU/k egkrstk% dqEHkd.kZL; jko.k%A
mik; dk /;ku vk;k vkSj mlus Jh jke dk lq>ko fn;kA mlds okD; dks lqudj vaxnkU;k³~xyhos"Vku~ ojk.;kHkj.kkfu pAA
jke dks czãL= dk Lej.k gks vk;kA mUgksua s cMÛs ;Ru ds lkFk /kuq"k dk iw.kZ :i gkja p 'kf'kladk'kekccU/k egkReu%A
ls [kahpdj ml eeZHksnh ck.k dks jko.k ij pyk fn;k vkSj f=yksd ds 'k=q dk uk'k fnO;kfu p lqxU/khfu ekY;nkekfu jko.k%AA
gqvkA jko.k dk o/k djds og ck.k viuk dke iw.kZ djds iqu% jke ds rjdl esa Jks=s pkl´t;kekl Jherh pkL; dq.MysA
okil vk x;kA jko.k dks i`Foh ij iMÛk ns[kdj vo'ks"k fu'kkpj Lokeh ds ekjs tkus dk´puk³~xnds;jw fu"dkHkj.kHkwf"kr%AA
ij Hk;Hkhr gksdj Hkkx x,A bl çdkj ;q¼ dk vUr gks x;kA bl le; okuj dqEHkd.kksZ c`gRd.kZ% lqgr q ks·fXufjokcekS%A
fot;y{eh ls lq'kksfHkr gksdj vR;Ur g"kZ vkSj mYykl ls Hkj x,A rRi'pkr~ lokZHkj.ku)k³~x% 'kwyikf.k% l jk{kl%AA
nsorkvksa dks cMÛh 'kkfUr feyh vkSj muds eq[; ls Jh jke dh Lrqfr;qDr] lk/kqokn f=foØeÑrksRlkgks ukjk;.k bokcHkkSAA VI.65.25-29,31
dh /ofu lqukbZ nsus yxhA lEiw.kZ fn'kk,¡ çlék gks xbZ] muesa çdk'k Nk x;k] jko.k us vius vklu ls mBdj ,d lksus dh ekyk] ftlds chp&chp esa
vkdk'k fueZy gks x;k] i`Foh dk dk¡iuk cUn gqvk] ok;q LokHkkfod xfr ls pyus ef.k;k¡ fijks;h gqbZ Fkha] og dqEHkd.kZ ds xys esa iguk nhA vPNs vPNs vkHkw"k.kksa ls
yxh vkSj lw;Z dh çHkk fLFkj gks xbZA dqEHkd.kZ dks ltk fn;kA fofHkék vaxksa ij lqxfU/kr Qwyksa dh ekyk;sa Hkh c¡/kok;ha
blds lkFk gh lekIr gksrk gS] ;g çdj.k] ftudh fo"k; oLrq Fkh] jko.k dh vkSj nksuksa dkuksa esa dqMa y Hkh iguok fn,A lkjs vaxksa esa vkHkw"k.k /kkj.k djds gkFk
egkurk] mldh 'kfDr dk ifj.kke vkSj os Åpkb;k¡] ftudks ,d egku ;ks¼k ds esa 'kwy fy, tc og vkxs c<Ûk] ml le; og f=yksdh dks ukius ds fy;s Hkxoku

okeu ds leku tku iMÛ jgk FkkA j.k{ks= esa vius lsukifr }kjk vyaÏr gksus ij thou O;rhr djus vkSj ?kksj ladV Hkqxrus ds dkj.k vUr esa ,d ,dkUroklh
dqEHkd.kZ ?kh }kjk çTTofyr vfXu ds leku ped jgk FkkA dfo dqEHkd.kZ dh riLoh gks x;k Fkk vkSj oLrqr% og ,d /keZijk;.k O;fDr cu x;k FkkA tc jko.k
rqyuk ukjk;.k ls djrs gSAa dfo dh n`f"V esa ;s jk{kl ;ks¼k voekU; u FksA u gh us vius thou esa ,d ikxyiu dk v/;k; vkjEHk fd;k] jko.k ekjhp ds ikl
os nSR;&nkuo Fks] tSlk fd ge lkekU;r% ekurs gSAa os dsoy viuh 'kfDr ds tkdj cksyk %
nq#i;ksx ds nks"kh FksA dqEHkd.kZ ,d Hkh"k.k laxkz e ds i'pkr~ jke ds }kjk ekjk x;kA vkrks·Z fLe ee pkrZL; Hkoku~ fg ijek xfr%AA III.36.1
vusd jk{kl ;q¼ esa e`R;q dks çkIr gq,] bUæftr tSlk ;ks¼k HkhA ßrkr! bl le; eSa cgqr nq%[kh gw¡ vkSj bl d"V fuokj.k ds fy;s rqEgkjs
vc ge ^jkek;.k^ ds mikfUre pj.k ij vkrs gSaA vius lc cMÛs&cMÛs vfrfjDr fdldks [kkst¡w\ bl nq%[k dh voLFkk esa rqe gh esjs fy, lcls c<Ûdj
;ks¼kvksa ds [kksus ij Hkh jko.k us fgEer ugha gkjhA og ;q¼ tkjh j[kus ds i{k esa gh lgkjk nsus okys gksAÞ
jgkA tc lc dqN u"V gks x;k] og Lo;a j.k{ks= esa mifLFkr gqvkA ;g bl O;fDr jko.k mls crkrk gS fd jke us [kj&nw"k.k vkfn pkSng gtkj jk{klksa lfgr
ds LoHkko dh foy{k.krk FkhA ;g tkurs gq, Hkh fd mldk loZuk'k fudV gS vkSj fouk'k dj Mkyk vkSj cfgu 'kwi.Z k[kk dks ukd&dku dkV dj foæwi dj fn;kA
og ,d ds ckn ,d lsukifr [kks jgk gS] fQj Hkh og fuHkhZd vkSj vijkftr MVk ßbldk cnyk ysus ds fy;s eSa Hkh mldh iRuh lhrk dks cyiwod Z gj ys tkuk
jgkA dqEHkd.kZ vkSj bUæftr /kjk'kk;h gks x,] rks vkSjksa dk vUr rks fuf'pr gh FkkA pkgrk gw¡A rqe bl dk;Z esa esjh lgk;rk djksAÞ ekjhp ijke'kZ }kjk mls bl dk;Z ls
ijUrq] os lc çlékrkiwod Z e`R;q dk vkfyaxu djus ds fy, rRij FksA ;q¼ dh jksdus dk ç;kl djrk gSA og dgrk gS] ßeq>s yxrk gS rqEgkjs fudV dksbZ u dksbZ
ykylk esa Hkh fdruh nhokuxh gksrh gSA tc jko.k us eqMÛdj ns[kk] mldh n`f"V ,slk O;fDr gS] tks rqEgkjh le`f¼ ls tyrk gS vkSj rqe mldk fo'okl djrs gksA
ikl esa [kMÛs egksnj ij iMÛh vkSj jko.k us dgk] ßesjs fo'oluh; l[kk! bl ?kksj ij og rqEgkjk fouk'k djuk pkgrk gSA esjh ckr ekuks] mlds fn, ijke'kZ dks
ladV ds le; esjh vk'kk rqEgkjs Åij voyfEcr gSA rqe bl ijkt; dks fot; esa vLohdkj dj nksAÞ
cny ldrs gksA ohj! vkt rqe Hkh viuk ijkØe fn[kkvks vkSj 'k=q dk o/k djks
lqyHkk% iq:"kk jktu~ fç;okfnu%A
vkSj yadk dk cpkvksAÞ eSua s ;g va'k ;g fn[kkus ds fy;s fn;k gS fd jko.k fdlh vfç;L; p iF;L; oDrk Jksrk p nqyHZ k%AA III.37.2
ifjfLFkfr esa fdadÙkZO;foew<Û ugha gqvkA ;|fi mldk nqHkkZX; pje lhek ij igq¡p ßjktu~! fç; opu cksyus okys O;fDr rks loZ= lqyHk gksrs gSAa ijUrq] vfç;
pqdk Fkk] mlus fQj Hkh fdl çdkj ;q¼ ds vfUre pj.k esa Hkh] vius ,d ;ks¼k ds gksus ij Hkh fgrdj ckr dgus okys vkSj lquus okys nksuksa gh nqyHZ k gSAa Þ
eu esa ;g Hkkouk lapfjr dh fd ekuks ;q¼ dk iwjk Hkkj mlh ds dU/kksa ij vkfJr
gksA egksnj us vius Lokeh dh vkKk ls çsfjr gksdj vius ijkØe }kjk okuj lsuk jktk yksx fo'ks"kdj vR;Ur vHkkxs gksrs gSAa os vius vuqpjksa vkSj efU=;ksa
dk lagkj vkjEHk dj fn;kA ;g ns[kdj lqxhz o us egksnj ij vkØe.k fd;kA ,d dks vPNh lsok çkIr djus ds fy;s osru nsrs gSAa ijUrq tc jktk ladVxzLr gks tkrs
?kksj laxkz e ds ckn egksnj lqxhz o }kjk ekjk x;kA ijUrq] ejrs le; rd mldk gS]a rks mUgsa okLro esa mi;qDr ijke'kZ dh vko';drk gksrh gSA ml le; os yksx
eukscy cgqr Å¡pk FkkA blls irk pyrk gS fd jko.k bl n`f"V ls Hkh egku Fkk fd fuHkhZd gksdj vius Lokeh dks fgrdj ijke'kZ nsus ds ctk;] ,slh ckr dgrs gS]a tks
mldk çHkko vius vuqpjksa ij çcy FkkA os gj {k.k] Hkkjh ladV ds ckotwn Hkh] dsoy Åij ls gh vPNh yxsA okLrfod fgrdj ijke'kZ ugha fn;k tkrkA ,sls yksx]
Lokeh ds fy;s e`R;q dk vkfyaxu djus ds fy, rRij jgrs FksA vr,o] jko.k tks çk;% Jqfr&e/kqj cksy gh cksyrs gS]a mudh x.kuk rks lgòksa esa gksxhA fdUrq ,slk
vo'; gh ,d egku O;fDr jgk gksxkA O;fDr fojyk gh gksxk] tks fgrdj opu cksy]s pkgs og lquus okys dks fç; u Hkh
yxsAa ßpkgs ,d ckj vfç; lR; dgus okyk O;fDr fey Hkh tk;s] fdUrq mldh
bl va'k dk vfHkçk; ;g fn[kkuk gS fd jko.k vius ,d vfuPN vuqpj]
ckr lquus okyk mlls Hkh nqyHZ k gSAÞ rRi'pkr~ ekjhp jko.k dks vkichrh lqukrk
ekjhp ij Hkh vius ukukfo/k pkrq;Z dk ç;ksx fdl çdkj djrk gSA ekjhp mlds
gSA ßeq>s Jh jke ds ckgqcy dk vuqHko gks pqdk gS] og Hkh tc os dsoy iUæg o"kZ
fo#¼ ukS lxks± esa rdZ&fordZ djrk gS vkSj yEcs le; rd pyrk fojks/k vusd
ds gh FksA jke ;q¼ dyk esa fo'okfe= }kjk çf'kf{kr gSAa ;s ½f"k jktk n'kjFk ds ikl
eksMÛ ysrk gSA vkjEHk ls vUr rd jko.k vius eUrO; ij tek jgk vkSj ekjhp ds
x;s Fks vkSj mUgksua s muds iq= dks ;K esa lgk;rkFkZ Hkstus ij jkTÛkh dj fy;kA
pkrq;iZ .w kZ rdks± ls Hkh vius mís'; ls fopfyr ugha gqvkA vUrr% jko.k us mls euk
mUgksaus jke dks lc çdkj ds vL=&'kL= çnku fd,A eSa gh igyk O;fDr gw¡]
fy;k vkSj mlls viuk euksjFk fl¼ djok fy;kA Lej.k jgs] ekjhp ,d nq'pfj=

ftlds fo#¼ jke dks yk;k x;k Fkk vkSj esjs gh Åij muds ck.kksa dk igyk ç;ksx gS] rks rqEgsa ,slh ckr dguh pkfg, FkhA eSa rks rqEgsa dsoy viuk dke djus dks dg
fd;k x;k FkkAÞ bl o`ÙkkUr esa y{e.k dk dksbZ mYys[k ugha fd;k x;k gSA jke us jgk gw¡] vkSj bl lEcU/k esa rqEgkjh jk; tkuus ds fy, ugha vk;k gw¡] vkSj bl
tks ml ij çHkko NksMÛk] og mldk o.kZu bl çdkj djrk gSA jke ds fpUru ek= lEcU/k esa rqEgkjh jk; tkuus ds fy, ugha vk;k gw¡A tks viuk dY;k.k pkgrk gks]
ls og dEik;eku gks tkrk gSA ml cqf¼eku eU=h dks mfpr gS fd og jktk ls mlds iwNus ij gh viuk vfHkçk;
o`{ks o`{ks p i';kfe phjÑ".kkftukEcje~AA çdV djs vkSj og Hkh gkFk tksMÛdj cMÛh uezrk ds lkFkA jktk ds lkeus ,slh ckr
x`ghr/kuq"ka jkea ik'kgLrfeokUrde~A dguh pkfg,] tks loZFkk vuqdy w ] e/kqj] mÙke] fgrdj vkSj vknj ls ;qDr gksA
vfi jkelglzkf.k Hkhr% i';kfe jko.kAA jktk rks lEeku dk Hkw[kk gksrk gSA mldh ckr dk [kaMu djds vk{ksiiw.kZ Hkk"kk esa
jkeHkwrfena loZej.;a çfrHkfr esA ;fn fgrdj opu Hkh dgk tk;s] rks og dHkh Hkh vieku iw.kZ opu dk vfHkuUnu
jkeeso fg i';kfe jfgrs jk{klkf/kiAA ugha dj ldrkAÞ
n`"V~ok LoIuxra jkeeqnH~ kzekfe fopsru%A /;ku nsus dh ckr ;g gSA ekjhp ls okrkZyki djus ds le; jko.k vius
jdkjnhfu ukekfu jke=LrL; jko.kAA foy{k.k dkS'ky dk çn'kZu djrk gSA mlus] tks ekjhp dks viuh ;kstuk dk igyk
jRukfu p jFkk'pSo fo=kla tu;fUr esA III.39.14-18 lq>ko fn;k] og ;g Fkk fd og ,d lqlfTtr Lo.kZe; fgj.k dk :i /kkj.k djds
ßvc eq>s ,d&,d o`{k esa phj] dkyk e`x&peZ vkSj /kuq"k /kkj.k fd, jke lhrk ds lEeq[k bBykdj Vgyus yxs] ftlls lhrk jke dks mldk ihNk djus ds
gh fn[kkbZ nsrs gS]a tks eq>s ik'k/kkjh ;ejkt ds leku çrhr gksrs gSAa eSa Hk;Hkhr gqvk fy, dgsA ijUrq] dqN gh {k.kksa esa jko.k us bl ;kstuk esa lq/kkj fd;kA ekjhp lhrk
gTÛkkjksa jkeksa vkSj vius lkeus [kMÛk ikrk gw¡A ;g lkjk ou gh eq>s jkee; çrhr gks ds lEeq[k tkdj mudk eu gj ys vkSj muds eu esa mldks çkIr djus dh rhoz
jgk gSA tc eSa ,dkUr eas cSBrk gw¡] rc eq>s jke ds n'kZu gksrs s gSAa lius esa Hkh jke bPNk tkxzr dj ns vkSj fQj nwj Hkkx tk;A jke mldks idMÛus ds fy, mldk
dks ns[kdj eSa mn~HkzkUr vkSj vpsr gksdj mB cSBrk gw¡A eSa rks jke ls bruk Hk;Hkhr ihNk djsxa ]s tc nksuksa cgqr nwj fudy tk;s] rc jke dh vkokTÛk dh udÛy djrs
gw¡ fd jke vkSj jdkjkRed 'kCn esjs dku esa iMÛrs gh eSa Hk;Hkhr gks mBrk gw¡] pkgs os gq, ^gk y{e.k! gk lhrs!^ dgrs gq, phRdkj djsA blls Li"V gksrk gS fd jko.k
^jRu* ;k ^jFk* gh gksAÞ viuh ;kstukvksa esa myVQsj djus esa fdruk dq'kkxz cqf¼ FkkA jko.k dks viuh
vc dfo ;g n'kkZrk gS ;g okrkZyki jko.k dks dSlk yxrk gS] tc dHkh dksbZ /kqu esa yhu ikdj] og mldks le>kus dk ç;Ru djrk gSA ßbl lalkj esa ,slk
voj mlls nks Vwd [kjh&[kjh ckr djrk gSA Li"V gS fd jko.k mu O;fDr;ksa esa ls vusd ckj gksrk gSA ,d nq"V O;fDr] tks nqjkpkj esa ço`Ùk gksrk gS] mlds dkj.k
gS] tks lq[k&Jo.k opu gh lquuk ilUn djrs gS] u fd fgrdj opuA og ekjhp lgòksa yksxksa dks nq%[k Hkksxuk iMÛrk gSA dsoy nqjkpkjh gh vdsyk d"V ugha ikrkAÞ
ls dBksj ok.kh esa dgrk gS % Jh jke ds fo"k; esa vius iwoZ vuqHko ds vk/kkj ij og jko.k dks vijk/k djus ds
fy, euk djrk gSA og dgrk gS %
nks"ka xq.ka ok lai"` VLroesoa oDrqegZflA
vik;a okI;qik;a ok dk;ZL;kL; fofu'p;sAA vdqoUZ rks·fi ikikfu 'kqp;% ikilaJ;kr~A
lai"` Vsu rq oDrO;a lfposu foif'prkA ijikiSfoZu';fUr eRL;k ukxâns ;FkkAA III.38.26
m|rk´tfyuk jkKks ; bPNsnHkwfrekReu%AA cgo% lk/koks yksds ;qDrk /keZeuqf"Brk%A
okD;eçfrdwya rq e`niq ow ± fgra 'kqHke~A ijs"kkeijk/ksu fou"Vk% lifjPNnk%AA III.41.13
mipkjs.k ;qDra p oDrO;ks olq/kkf/ki%AA ßmi;qDr /keZ dk ikyu djus okys cgqr ls lk/kq iq#"k Hkh bl txr esa
lkoen± rq ;}kD;a ekjhp fgreqP;rsA nwljksa ds vijk/k ds dkj.k ifjokj lfgr u"V gks tkrs gSAa tks yksx vkpkj&fopkj
ukfHkuUnfr ræktk ekukgksZ ekuoftZre~AA III.40.8-11 ls 'kq¼ gSa vkSj vijk/k ugha djrs] os ;fn ikfi;ksa ds lalxZ eas vk tk;s]a rks os Hkh
ß;fn bl dk;Z ds fu.kZ; djus esa eSsa rqels iwNrk fd blesa D;k nks"k gS vkSj nwljksas ds ikiksa ds dkj.k u"V gks tkrs gSAa tSls ,d cgqr cMÛs ljksoj esa ;fn liZ gksa
D;k xq.k gS] bldh flf¼ esa dkSu lh ck/kk gS vkSj bldh flf¼ dk dkSu lk mik; vkSj yksx mu liks± dks ekjuk pkgs]a rks ljksoj esa fuokl djus okyh cgqr lh cspkjh
eNfy;k¡ Hkh liks± ds lkFk u"V gks tk;sxa hAÞ
372 jkek;.k ds T;ksfr&LrEHk pkSchlok¡ v/;k; 373

jko.k us /kedh nh] ßekjhp! ;fn rqe esjs dk;Z ls bUdkj djksx]s rks eSa rqEgsa jko.k dks vfUre ckj le>kdj vkSj mlds u ekuus ij dBksj opu
ekj Mkyw¡xkAÞ tc jko.k us jktk ds :i esa mls ,slh çfrdwy vkKk nh] rc ekjhp dgdj] ml fu'kkpj jkt ls Hk;Hkhr gksdj] nq%[kh ekjhp us dgk] ßpyks pys]a
us fu'kad gksdj ml jk{kl dks dBksj opu dgs vkSj fouk'k dk Hk; fn[kkdj mls ejuk rks eq>s gS ghA vPNk rks ;gh gksxk] eSa jke ds ck.k }kjk vius çk.k R;kx nw¡AÞ
iqu% le>kus dk ç;kl fd;kA mi;qDr /keZ dk vuq"Bku djus okys cgqr ls lk/kq ekjhp ds bl opu ls jko.k dks cMÛh çlékrk gqbAZ mlus mls dl dj ân; ls yxk
iq#"k Hkh nwljksa ds vijk/k ds dkj.k u"V gks tkrs gSAa ;q¼ dkaM esa jke dgrs gSa % fy;k vkSj bl çdkj dgk %
,dks fg dq:rs iia dkyik'ko'ka xr%A çâ"VLRoHkoÙksu opusu l jko.k%A
uhpsukRekipkjs.k dqya rsu fou';frAA VI.38.7 ifj"oT; lqlaf'y"Vfena opueczohr~AA
ß;fn ,d O;fDr lÙkk ds mPp in ij vklhu gS] vusd yksx mldk ,rPNkS.Mh;Z;Dq ra rs ePNUnkfno Hkkf"kre~A
vuqdj.k djrs gS]a vknj djrs gSa vkSj vkKk dk ikyu djrs gSAa ;fn og dksbZ bnkuhfefl ekjhp% iwoZeU;ks fu'kkpj%AA III.42.5,6
xÛyrh djrk gS] rks mlds dkj.k os Hkh d"V Hkksxrs gSAa Þ mPp vf/kdkj ds in ij ß;g rqeus ohjrk dh ckr dgh gS D;ksfa d vc rqe esjh bPNk ds vuqdy w gks
vlhu gksus ij] pkgs uSfrd vk/kkj ij vFkok 'kfDr ds vk/kkj ij] u dsoy mlds x, gksA bl le; rqe okLro esa ekjhp gksA igys rqeesa fdlh nwljs jk{kl dk
nqjkpkj ds dkj.k nwljs yksxksa dks d"V Hkksxuk iMÛrk gS] vfirq mldh Hkwyks]a uhfr;ksa vkos'k gks x;k FkkAÞ
vkSj xÛyfr;ksa ds dkj.k Hkh gTÛkkjksa yksxksa dks nq%[k Hkksxuk iMÛrk gSA çk;% ,slk gh
ns[kus esa vkrk gSA vkidks Lej.k gksxk] eSua s foHkh"k.k dh psrkouh dk mYys[k fd;k
Fkk] tc mlus jko.k dk R;kx fd;k FkkA ekjhp Hkh ogh 'kCn dgrk gS] ßokLro esa
ftu yksxksa dh vk;q lekIr gks tkrh gS] os thou ds vUrdky esa lqânksa dh dgh gqbZ
fgrdj ckr Hkh ugha ekursA fu;fr bruh cyoku gSAÞ
,oa ÑRok fRona dk;± ;Fks"Va xPN jk{klA
jkT;L;k/k± çnkL;kfe ekjhp ro lqor z AA
çkI; lhrke;q)u s o´pf;Rok rq jk?koe~A
y³~dka çfrxfe";kfe Ñrdk;Z% lg Ro;kAA
u psRdjksf"k ekjhp gfUe Rokege| oSA
,rRdk;Zeo';a es cynkfi dfj";flAA
jkKks fg çfrdwyLFkks u tkrq lq[kes/krsAA III.40.23,25,26
ßekjhp] ^gk y{e.k] gk lhrk!* ,slk phRdkj djds] y{e.k dks lhrk ds ikl
ls nwj gVk dj esjk jkLrk lkQÛ dj nsukA bl çdkj esjs bl dk;Z dks lEiék djds]
tgk¡ rqEgkjh bPNk gks pys tkukA eSa blds fy, rqEgs vk/kk jkT; nw¡xkA jke dks
/kks[kk nsdj] fcuk ;q¼ fd;s] lhrk dks vius gkFk esa ysdj] ÏrkFkZ gksdj yadk dks
ykSV tkÅ¡xkA ;fn rqe lger u gq,] rks vHkh rqEgsa ekj Mkyw¡xkA esjk ;g dk;Z rqEgsa
vo'; djuk iMÛxs kA eSa cyç;ksx djds Hkh rqe ls ;g dk;Z djok ldrk gw¡A jktk
ds çfrdwy pyus okyk O;fDr dHkh lq[kh ugha jg ldrkA esjh voKk djds rqe
cp ugha ldrsAÞ

;nk ádkeka dkekrksZ /k"kZf;";fr ;skf"kre~A
ew/kkZ rq lIr/kk rL; 'kdyhHkfork rnkAA
JqRok rq l n'kxzhoLra 'kkia jkseg"kZ.ke~AA*
pkSchlok¡ v/;k; ukjh"kq eSFkqus Hkkoa ukdkekLoH;jksp;r~A
rsu uhrk% fL=;% çhfrekiq% lokZ% ifrozrk%AA VII.26.55,56,59,60
jko.k ßHkæs! rqEgkjh bPNk u gksus ij Hkh jko.k us rqe ij cykRdkj fd;k gSA
vr,o] og vkt ls fdlh nwljh ;qorh ls] tks mls pkgrh u gks] lekxe ugha dj
ldsxkA ;fn og dkeihfMÛr gksdj u pkgus okyh L=h ij cykRdkj djsxk] rks
vc eSa jko.k ds L=h tkfr ls lEcU/kksa ds fo"k; esa ppkZ d:¡xkA bUgha ds dkj.k rRdky mlds eLrd ds lkr VqdMÛs gks tk;sxa As Þ
mldk loZuk'k gqvkA vr,o] ;g vko';d gS fd mlds pfj= ds bl igyw ij tc jko.k us ;g jksekapdkjh 'kki lquk] mlus vius dks u pkgus okyh fL=;ksa
iwjk&iwjk /;ku fn;k tk;A blds fy, gesa mÙkj dkaM esa tkuk gksxk] ;g tkuus ds ds lkFk cykRdkj djuk NksMÛ fn;kA ml le; mlds vUr%iqj esa cgqr lh ifrozrk
fy;s fd fdl çdkj og vius thou ds vkjEHk esa gh ,d ?kksj ikrdh cu x;k FkkA fL=;ksa Fkha] ftudh og gjdj ys vk;k Fkk vkSj ftUgksua s mldks vkReleiZ.k ugha
tc Hkh volj feyrk] og fL=;ksa dks muds laj{kdksa ls TÛkcjnLrh Nhu ysrk vkSj fd;k Fkk] mu lcdks uydqcjs dk fn;k x;k 'kki cMÛk fç; yxkA os lc çlék gqb]Z
;fn os vkukdkuh djrha] rks og muij cykRdkj djrkA vius bl vkpj.k ls os vk'oLr gks xbaZ fd mudk lrhRo lqjf{kr jgsxk] tc rd os Lo;a mldks vfiZr
mlus vius fo#¼ 'k=q cuk fy;s fd nsokaxukvksa vkSj vIljkvksa us Hkh mls 'kki u djsAa ijUrq ,slk ugha yxrk fd bl 'kki us mls viuh vuSfrd xfrfof/k;ksa ls
fn,A jksd fn;k gksA ,slk dgk tkrk gS] ;|fi uydqcjs dk 'kki l'kDr vkSj fo'kq¼ Fkk]
mldk çHkko rRdkyhu ugha gqvkA dkj.k ;g Fkk fd jko.k dh vftZr riL;k
;Leknso ijD;klq jers jk{klk/ke%AA
fuf/k bruh foiqy Fkh fd og mldk dqN Hkkx nsdj igys dh rjg vkpj.k dj
rLek}S L=hÑrsuoS çkIL;rs nqefZ roZ/ke~A
ldrk FkkA bl çlax dk fooj.k] mlds vius gh 'kCnksa es]a mlds fo#¼ çekf.kd
lrhfHkoZjukjhfHkjsoa okD;s·H;qnhfjrsAA
ekuk tkuk pkfg,A guqeku ds yadk ls ykSVus ij Jh jke dh vkKkuqlkj okuj lsuk
usnnq UZq nqHk;% LoLFkk% iq"io`f"V% iikr pA VII 24.20-22
us çLFkku dj leqæ rV ij iMÛko Mky fn;k FkkA tc jko.k dks irk pyk fd Jh
ß;g uhp fu'kkpj ijk;h fL=;ksa ds lkFk je.k djrk vkSj muds lrhRo dk
jke lgòksa okujksa lfgr yadkiqjh ij vkØe.k djus okys gS]a rc mlus vius vU;
lEeku ugha djrkA blfy, L=h ds çfr nq"deks± ds dkj.k gh bl nqcfqZ ¼ dk o/k
efU=;ksa ls leqfpr lykg nsus dk vkxzg fd;kA foHkh"k.k dh ckr u eku dj] jko.k
gksxkAÞ
us mls ogk¡ ls fonk fd;kA ,d lHkk dk vk;kstu fd;k x;k] ftlesa mlds HkkbZ]
mu Js"B lrh&lk/oh ukfj;ksa us tc ,slh ckrsa dgh] ml le; vkdk'k ds iq= vkSj vU; lEcU/kh mifLFkr Fks vkSj Hkkoh dÙkZO; ds fy, lHkklnksa dh lEefr
nsorkvksa dh nqUnqfHk;k¡ ct mBha vkSj ogk¡ iq"io"kkZ gksus yxhA tc ;g 'kki mPpkfjr ek¡xhA egkik'oZ us lhrk ij cykRdkj djus dk lq>ko fn;kA jko.k dk mÙkj bl
gqvk] vkdk'k esa vkuUn euk;k x;kA çdkj Fkk %
blh dkaM esa mlds ckjs esa ,d vU; çlax vkrk gSA dqcjs ds iq=] uydqcjs egkik'oZ fucks/k Roa jgL;a fd³~fpnkReu%A
us LoxZ blh dkaM dh vIljk jEHkk ls HksVa dk fu;kstu fd;k FkkA tc og feyu fpjaoÙ` ka rnk[;kL;s ;nokIra e;k iqjkAA
LFky dh vksj vxzlj gks jgh Fkh] ekxZ esa jko.k fey x;kA mlus mlds lkSUn;Z ij firkegL; Hkoua xPNUrha iqf´tdLFkyke~A
eksfgr gksdj ml ij cykRdkj dj fn;kA jEHkk us bldh f'kdk;r uydqcjs ls dh p´pw;eZ k.kkeæk{kekdk'ks·fXuf'k[kkfeoAA
vkSj bl ij uydqcjs us cMÛk Hk;adj 'kki fn;kA
vdkek rsu ;LekÙoa cyköæs ç/kf"kZrkA * ns[kas egkHkkjr ou (jkeksik[;ku)A czãk jke dks crkrs gSa % uydqcsj ds 'kki }kjk eSaus bl çdkj
ßuydwcsj'kkiu j{kk pkL;k% Ïrk Hk;kÞ fL=;kas dh j{kk dhA
rLekr~ ls ;qorheU;ka ukdkekeqi;kL;frAA
374

lk çlá e;k HkqDrk Ñrk fooluk rr%A jktf"kZfir`nRS ;kuka xU/kokZ.kka p ;ksf"kr%A
Lo;aHkwHkoua çkIrk yksfyrk ufyuh ;FkkAA jk{klkuka p ;k% dU;kLrL; dkeo'ka xrk%AA
rL; rPp rnk eU;s KkreklhUegkReu%A ;q)dkesu rk% lokZ jko.ksu ârk% fL=;%A
vFk ladfq irks os/kk ekfena okD;eczohr~AA lenk enusuSo eksfgrk% dkf'pnkxrk%AA
v|çHk`fr ;keU;ka oykékjha xfe";flA u r= dkf'pRçsenk% çlá oh;ksZiiésu xq.ksu yC/kk%A
rnk rs 'kr/kk ew/kkZ Qfy";fr u la'k;%AA u pkU;dkefi u pkU;iwokZ fouk ojkgk± tudkRetka rke~AA
bR;ga rL; 'kkiL; Hkhr% çlHkeso rke~A u pkdqyhuk u p ghu#ik uknf{k.kk ukuqipkj;qDrkA
ukjksi;s cykRlhrka oSngs ha 'k;us LodsAA VI.13.10-15 Hkk;kZHkoÙkL; u ghulÙok u pkfi dkUrL; u dkeuh;kAA
ßegkik'oZ! cgqr fnu gq, iwoZdky esa ,d xqIr ?kVuk ?kfVr gqbZ FkhA eq>s 'kki V.9.68-71
Hkh feyk FkkA vius thou ds bl xqIr jgL; dks eSa vkt eSa rqEgsa lquk jgk gw¡A lquks! ßjktf"kZ;ks]a czãf"kZ;ks]a nSR;ks]a xU/koks± rFkk jk{klksa dh dU;k,¡ dke ds o'khHkwr
,d ckj eSua s vkdk'k esa vfXu&f'k[kk ds leku çdkf'kr gqb]Z iqfa tdLFkyk uke dh gksdj jko.k dh ifRu;k¡ cu xbZ FkhaA mu dqN fL=;ksa dk jko.k us ;q¼ dh bPNk ls
,d vIljk dks ns[kk] tks firkeg czãk th ds Hkou dh vksj tk jgh FkhA eSua s vigj.k fd;k Fkk vkSj dqN eneLr jef.k;k¡ dke ls eksfgr gksdj Lo;a gh mldh
cyiwod Z mlds oL= mrkj fn, vkSj gBkr~ mldk miHkksx fd;kA rRi'pkr~ og lsok essa mifLFkr gks xbZ FkhaA ogk¡ ,slh dksbZ L=h ugha Fkh] ftldks cy&ijkØe
czãk ds Hkou esa xbZA mldh n'kk gkFkh }kjk elydj Qsd a h gqbZ defyuh ds leku lEiék gksus ij Hkh mldh bPNk ds fo#¼ cykRdkj ls gj fy;k gksA os lc mlds
gks jgh FkhA eSa le>rk gw¡ fd esjs }kjk mldh tks nqn'Z kk gks xbZ Fkh] og czãk th vykSfdd xq.kksa ds vkd"kZ.k ls feyh FkhaA tudufUnuh lhrk dks NksMÛ dj ogk¡
le> x;sA blfy;s os vR;Ur dqfir gks mBs vkSj eq>s ls bl çdkj cksy]s ^rw vkt nwljh dksbZ ,slh L=h ugha Fkh] tks jko.k ds flok; fdlh nwljs dh bPNk j[kus okyh
ls ;fn fdlh nwljh ukjh ds lkFk cyiwod Z lekxe djsxk] rks rsjs eLrd ds lkS gks vFkok ftldk dksbZ vU; ifr jgk gksA jko.k dh dksbZ ,slh Hkk;kZ ugha Fkh] tks
VqdMÛs gks tk;sxa ]s blesa la'k; ughA^ bl çdkj eSa czãk th ds 'kki ls Hk;Hkhr gw¡A dqyhu u gks vFkok tks dq:i] vuqnkj vFkok mÙke oL= foHkw"k.kksa ls of´pr gksAÞ
ml fnu ls eSa bl fn'kk essa mYya?ku ugha dj jgk gw¡A vr,o] tc eSa lhrk dks vius blls irk pyrk gS fd fdl çdkj jko.k fL=;ksa ds çfr vius joS;s esa
egy esa yk;k] eq>s mlds lkFk vR;Ur dksey O;ogkj djuk iMÛkA eSa mlds çfr cnyko ys vk;k FkkA fdl çdkj og muds fy, ,d vkd"kZd ç.k;h cu x;k FkkA
fdlh çdkj dk cyç;ksx ugha dj ldrk FkkA blfy;s eSa mldks viuh 'k¸;k ij os mldh LoSfPNd lgpjh cu xb± FkhaA guqeku] ftudks vo'; gh ;g crk;k x;k
u p<Ûkus esa foo'k gw¡AÞ Fkk fd jko.k nq"V Fkk vkSj fL=;ksa ls nqO;Zogkj djrk Fkk] ;g ns[kdj fofLer gq,
blls mlds eu esa dqN ifjorZu vk;kA tcls mls bl ?kksj 'kki dk vka'kdk vkSj lglk dg mBs %
gqb]Z mlus çR;{kr% viuk <ax cny fn;kA og ,d lkSE; vkSj Hkæ ç.k;h cu x;kA oHkwo cqf)Lrq gjh'ojL; ;nhn`'kh jk?ko/keZiRuhA
çrh;ekur% og ,d bruk dq'ky ç.k;h Fkk fd og fL=;ksa dk ân; lgt gh gj bek ;Fkk jk{kljktHkk;kZ% lqtkreL;sfr fg lk/kqc) q %s AA V.9.72
ysrk FkkA tc mlus le> fy;k fd fL=;ksa ds çfr dksbZ nwljk fodYi ugha gS] guqeku ,d ljy LoHkko O;fDr FksA ml le; muds eu esa fopkj mRiék
mlus dke fo|k dh lc dykvksa esa n{krk çkIr dj yhA og fL=;ksa ds çfr gqvk fd ßjko.k dh ;s Hkk;kZ,¡ ml ij bruk eksfgr gS vkSj mlds lkFk jgdj lq[kh
/kS;ZiwoZd ç;Ru'khy gksrk vkSj ;su&dsu&çdkjs.k mudk eu j[krkA bl çdkj gSAa ;fn lhrk Hkh mldh pkiywlh dk f'kdkj gks xbZ gS]a rks dguk iMÛxs k] ;g O;fDr
muds lkFk] dksbZ vuqfpr dk;Z djus ls iwo]Z og bu fL=;ksa dh lgefr çkIr dj vR;Ur HkkX;'kkyh gSAÞ ijUrq bl fopkj dks eu esa vkrs gh mUgksua s Lo;a dks jksdkA
ysrk FkkA os Hkh mldh dkeykylk dh LoSfPNd dBiqrfy;k¡ cu tkrh FkhA dqN iqu'p lks·fpUr;nkrZ#iks /kzoq a fof'k"Vk xq.krks fg lhrkA
fL=;k¡ ;q¼ksijkUr muds ifr;ksa dh ijkt; ds ckn gfFk;k yh xbZ Fkha vkSj dqN vFkk;eL;ka Ñroku~ egkRek y³~d's oj% d"Veuk;ZdeZAA V.9.73
vU; ml ij eksfgr gksdj mlds ikl pyh vkbZ FkhaA tc guqeku us mlds ßijUrq lhrk bu fL=;ksa ds leku ugha gSAa og xq.kksa dh n`f"V ls bu fL=;ksa ls
vUr%iqj dh fL=;ksa dks ns[kk Fkk] mlus bl çdkj fVIi.kh dh Fkh % cgqr Åij gSaA lhrk ds jko.k dk f'kdkj cuus dh lEHkkouk ugha gSA jko.k us lhrk
dks /kks[kk nsdj mlds çfr ;g vigj.k:i egkd"Vçn v{kE; uhp deZ fd;k gSAÞ

jko.k us 'kkfir gksus ds dkj.k vius <ax esa ifjorZu fd;kA bu fL=;ksa dks dk çR;{k Qy gSA ;fn vkius lhrk dks ykSVk fn;k gksrk] rks tMÛ&ewy fouk'kd ;g
viuk lkSE; vkSj vkd"kZ.k ds :i fn[kkdj og ,d lqlLa Ïr ,oa fuiq.k ç.k;h cu egk?kksj ladV gekjs Åij u vk;k gksrk]u gh ge vc fo/kok gksrha vkSj vkids 'ko
x;kA blhfy,] tc og ;q¼ esa ekjk x;k] mldh jk{kl fL=;ksa dk foyki lPpk ij u jksrhaA fdUrq vki rks ,sls fu"Bqj gks x, fd lhrk dks cyiwod Z cafnuh cuk
Fkk] mldh e`R;q ij mudk 'kksd çn'kZu vÏf=e Fkk] ;g vglkl gksrs gq, Hkh fd fy;kA ,d çgkj ls vkius rhuksa dks cjckn dj fn;k& jk{klksa dks] ge fL=;ksa dks
okLro esa og ,d vPNk O;fDr ugha Fkk] çÏfr ls nq"V Fkk vkSj lhrk ds çfr vkSj vius vkidks uhps fxjk fn;kA vkidk LosPNkpkj gh gekjs fouk'k dk dkj.k
nqO;Zogkj ds dkj.k ;g lc foifÙk mlus eksy yh FkhA muds 'kksd esa ;FkkFkZrk Fkh] cukA nSo gh lc dqN djkrk gS] nSo dk ekjk gqvk gh ekjk tkrk gS ;k ejrk gSA
;|fi lkFk&lkFk mUgsa ;g Hkh Kku Fkk fd jko.k ,d nqjkpkjh FkkA lalkj esa Qy nsus ds fy, mUeq[k gq, nSfod fo/kku dks dksbZ /ku ls] dkeuk ls]
cgqekukr~ ifj"oT; dkfpnsua :jksn gA ijkØe ls vFkok 'kfDr ls Hkh ugh iyV ldrkA gekjk ;gh <ax gS] tc dHkh vki
pj.kkS dkfpnkfy³~X; dkfpRd.Bs·oyEC; pAA dksbZ foyki lqu]as ;g fu'p; ekfu;s fd fL=;k¡ vkSj iq#"k] nksuksa gh FkksMÛh cgqr nsj
m)`R; p HkqtkS dkfpn~HkwekS Le ifjorZrAs ds ckn ;g vo'; dgsxa ]s ^fu;fr dks dkSu Vky ldrk gSA tks dqN Hkh ?kVrk gS] og
grL; onua n`"V~ok dfpUeksgeqikxer~AA fdlh iwofZ uf'pr fo/kku ds vuqdy w gh gksrk gSA*Þ
dkfpn³~ds f'kj% ÑRok :jksn eq[keh{krhA eUnksnjh vkSj fL=;ksa ls vf/kd le>nkj FkhA mlds foyki dk o.kZu ,d
Luki;Urh eq[ka ck"iSLrq"kkSjfjo i³~dte~AA VI.113.8-10 iwjs lxZ esa fn;k x;k gSA dbZ LFkku ij og Hkk"k.kiVqrk dh Å¡pkb;ksa dks Nwrk gSA
muesa ls dksbZ rks cMÛs vknj Hkko ls mldk vkfyaxu dj] dksbZ iSj idMÛdj bfUæ;kf.k iqjk ftRok ftra f=Hkqoua Ro;kA
vkSj dksbZ xys yxk dj jksus yxhA dksbZ viuh nksuksa Hkqtk,¡ Åij mBkdj iNkMÛ Lejföfjo r}SjfefUæ;Sjo fuftZr%AA
[kkdj fxj iMÛh vkSj /kjrh ij yksVus yxh vkSj dksbZ mlds 'ko dk eq[k ns[k dj vçkI; pSo ra dkea eSfFkyhlaxrs Ñre~AA
ew£PNr gks xbZA dksbZ ifr dk eLrd xksn esa ysdj eq[k fugkjrh jghA dksbZ vius ifrozrk;kLrilk uwua nX/kks·fl es çHkksA
vJqfcUnqvksa ls ifr ds eq[kkjfoUn dks ugykrh jgh vkSj #nu djus yxhA ijUrq rnSo ;é nX/kLRoa /k"kZ;aLruqe/;eke~%AA
lcus fu"diV Hkko ls nq%[k ds vk¡lw cgk;sA os cksyha % nsok fcH;fr rs losZ lsUæk% lkfXuiqjksxek%A
czoq k.kks·fi fgra okD;fe"Vks Hkzkrk foHkh"k.k%AA u dqyu s u #is.kk u nkf{k.;su eSfFkyhAA
/k`"Va i:f"krks eksgkÙo;kReo/kdk³~f{k.kkA e;k·f/kdk ok rqY;k ok Roa rq eksgké cq/;lsA
;fn fu;kZfrrk rs L;kRlhrk jkek; eSfFkyhAA eSfFkyh lg jkes.k fo'kksdk fogfj";frA
u u% L;k}îlua ?kksjfena ewygja egr~A vYiiq.;k Roga ?kksjs ifrrk 'kksdlkxjsAA
Ro;k iquuZ'` kalu s lhrka l:U/krk cykr~AA firk nkuojktks es HkrkZ es jk{kls'oj%A
jk{klk o;ekRek p =;a rqY;a fuikfrre~A iq=ks es 'kØfutsr Z k bR;soa xfoZrk Hk`'ke~AA
u dkedkj% dkea ok ro jk{kliq³x ~ oAA çokn% lR; ,ok;a Roka çfr çk;'kks uìA
nSoa ps"V;rs lo± gra nSou s gU;rsA ifrozrkukaa ukdLekr~ irUR;Jwfr HkwrysAA
okujk.kka fouk'kks·;a j{klka p egkgosAA VI.114.18,23-25,28-29,31,40,67
ro pSoegkckgks nSo;ksxknqikxrA ßthou ds çHkkr dky esa gh vkius viuh bfUæ;ksa dks thrdj rhuksa yksdksa
uSokFksZu u dkesu foØes.k u pkK;kAA ij fot; çzkIr dh FkhA vkius viuh oklukvksa vkSj dqo`fÙk;ksa dks o'k esa dj fy;k
'kD;k nSoxfryksd Z s fuorZf;rqe|
q rkA VI.113.19-26 FkkA dksbZ Hkh çyksHku vkidks yqHkk ugha ldrk FkkA bl çdkj ri dk lap; dj
ßvkids fç; HkkbZ] foHkh"k.k us vkids fgr dh ckr dgh Fkh] fQj Hkh vius vkius nsorkvksa ls ojnku fy,A viuh bfUæ;ksa ij vkidk iwjk&iwjk fu;U=.k FkkA
fouk'k ds fy;s rqys gksus ds dkj.k vkius mUgsa eksgo'k dVqopu lquk;sA ;g mlh ml oSj dks Lej.k djrh gqb]Z ;s bfUæ;k¡ vc viuk cnyk ysuk pkgrh FkhaA bUgksua s

gh vc vkidks ijkLr fd;k gS vkSj vkids lkSHkkX; ds lkFk ;g fouk'kdkjh [ksy O;fDr Fkk] ;|fi og 'kwjohj Fkk vkSj ;q¼ esa fdlh ls Hkh VDdj ys ldrk FkkA dbZ
[ksyk gSA lhrk ds lkFk lekxe ds fy;s tks vkids eu esa dkeuk Fkh] mls rks vki ckj mlus bUæ nso dks Hkh ijkftr fd;k FkkA fQj Hkh cgq/kk lh/kk lkeuk djus ds
u ik lds vkSj mlds foijhr ml ifrozrk nsoh dh riL;k ls ty dj HkLe gks x,A ctk;] og vius mís'; iw£r ds fy, /kks[ks vkSj pkykdh dk vkJ; ysrk FkkA
vo'; gh ,slh ckr gqbZ gSA lhrk dk tuLFkku esa vigj.k djrs le; vki ty vkjEHk esa tkus ds ctk;] D;ksa mlus jke dk lh/kk lkeuk ugha fd;k\ fdlh fdlh
dj HkLe ugha gq,A ;gk vk'p;Z dh ckr gSA ,slk ugha gqvk] lEHkor% blh dkj.k esa FkksMÛh cgqr pkyckTÛkh ds fy, cMÛk Hkkjh vkd"kZ.k gksrk gSA jko.k Hkh blh çÏfr
;g gks fd ;g vkids v/k% iru dk çFke pj.k FkkA vkidk riL;ktfur iq.; dk dk f'kdkj FkkA mldh bl vknr dk irk] u dsoy lhrk dks gh Fkk] jke dks Hkh FkkA
HkaMkj vHkh fjDr ugha gqvk FkkA /khjs&/khjs ,d o"kZ vkSj fudyk FkkA vkidh ftl vU; yksx ,slh pkyckfTÛk;ksa ds fy, mldh vkykspuk djrs FksA mlus pkykdh
efgek ls bUæ] vfXu vkfn lEiw.kZ nsork vkils Mjrs Fks] mlh us ml le; vkidks }kjk jke vkSj y{e.k dks cgqr nwj fHktok fn;k vkSj vuSfrd os'k /kkj.k djds
nX/k gksus ls cpk fy;kA fefFkyk dqekjh lhrk us dqy es]a u :i es]a vkSj u gh lhrk dh fueZy Hkkoukvksa dk vuqfpr ykHk mBkus dk ç;kl fd;kA lhrk us
nkf{k.; vkfn x.kksa esa eq> ls c<Ûdj gS] u gh esjs cjkcj gSA ijUrq vki eksg o'k vkReleiZ.k ugha fd;k] vU;Fkk og viuh pkyckTÛkh ls mudks Hkh yqHkk ysrkA lhrk
bl ckr dh vksj /;ku u gha nsrs FksA vki rks va/ks gks jgs Fks] ikxy gks jgs FksA dh ok.kh rh[kh Fkh vkSj mUgksua s mls dHkh {kek ugha fd;kA
fL=;ksa dh ubZ&ubZ fot;ksa ds ihNs nkSMÛ jgs FksA vki mls ;gk¡ ys vk;s ;g lkspdj u O;i=ils uhp deZ.kkusu jko.kA
fd og vkidh gks tk;sxhA fdUrq] ifj.kke D;k gqvk\ eSa rks vkils fcNqMÛ xbZ vkSj KkRok fojfgrka ;Ueka pksjf;Rok iyk;lsAA
lhrk ml O;fDr ls feyus tk jgh gS] ftlls Nhu dj vki mls ;gk¡ yk;s FksA lhrk Ro;So uwua nq"VkReu~ Hkh:.kk grZfq ePNrkA
vc 'kksdjfgr gksdj Jh jke ds lkFk fogkj djsxhA ijUrq esjk iq.; cgqr FkksMÛk FkkA ekeiokfgrks HkrkZ e`x#is.k ek;;kAA
blfy, og tYnh lekIr gks x;k vkSj eSa 'kksd lkxj esa fxj iMÛh gw¡A nkuo jkt esjs ijea [kyq rs oh;± n`';rs jk{klk/keAA
firk] jk{kljkt jko.k esjs Fks vkSj bUæ ij fot; çkIr djus okyk bUæftr esjk foJkO; uke/ks;a fg ;q)s ukfLe ftrk Ro;kA
iq= FkkA ;gh lkspdj eSa xoZ ls Hkjh jgrh FkhA esjs firk] esjs ifr vkSj iq= ;s rhuksa bZn'` ka xÆgra deZ dFka ÑRok u yTtlsA
gh fo'o foJqr FksA lalkj dh çfr"Bk dh mPpre dksfV esa FksA fdUrq vc eq>s naM fL=;k'p gj.ka uhp jfgrs rq ijL; pAA
fn;k x;k gSA îfrozrk ds vk¡lw bl i`Foh ij O;FkZ ugha fxjrsA os vo'; gh fdlh f/kd~ rs 'kkS;± p lÙoa p ;Ùoa dfFkrokaLrnkA
dks ?kksj naM nsrs gS]a * ;g dgkor loZFkk lR; gS vkSj vkids Åij Bhd&Bhd ?kVh dqyØks'kdja yksds f/kd~ rs pfj=ehn`'ke~AA III.53.3,4,6,7,9
gSA vkidh nq"Vrk ds dkj.k u tkus fdruh ifrozrkvksa us vk¡lw cgk;s gSAa Þ ßuhp jko.k! D;k rq>s vius bl deZ ls yTtk ugha vkrh gS] tks eq>s
;|fi eSua s ,slk dgk gS fd jko.k us viuk <ax lq/kkj fy;k Fkk] fL=;ksa ds çfr Lokehjfgr vdsyh vkSj vlgk; tkudj pqjkdj Hkkxk tk jgk gSA nq"Vkeu~! rw cMÛk
og lkSE; gks x;k Fkk] U;k;laxr mik;ksa ls mudk ân; thrrk Fkk] vius eueksgd dk;j vkSj Mjiksd gSA fu'p; gh eq>s gj ysus dh bPNk ls rwus gh e`x:ih ek;k
tknw }kjk] rFkkfi blls ;g fu"d"kZ ugha Fkk fudyrk fd mldk pfj= fu"dyad }kjk esjs Lokeh dks vkJe dks nwj gVk fn;k gSA rwus ,d uhp dksfV ds Ny dk
gks x;k Fkk vkSj og lnkpkjh O;fDr cu x;k FkkA mldh egkurk vkSj lPpkfjrk vkJ; fy;k gSA uhp jk{kl! vo'; gh rq> esa cMÛk Hkkjh cy fn[kkbZ nsrk gS (D;ksfa d
esa TÛkehu&vkleku dk vUrj FkkA og vc Hkh uhprk ij mrj ldrk Fkk] og Øwj rwus cw<Ûs i{kh dks Hkh ekj fxjk;k gS!)A rwus viuk uke crkdj Jh jke vkSj y{e.k
dk;Z Hkh dj ldrk Fkk] "kM~;=a jp ldrk Fkk] lQsÛn >wB cksy ldrk Fkk] yEch& ds lkFk [kqyk ;q¼ djds eq>s ugha thrkA ;fn Jh jke ds lkFk ;q¼ fd;k gksrk] rks
pkSMÛh ckrsa cuk ldrk Fkk vkSj yksxksa dks /kks[kk ns ldrk FkkA eSa vc mlds pfj= ckr dqN vkSj gksrh] vks uhp! tgk¡ dksbZ j{kd u gks] ,sls LFkku ij ijk;h L=h dk
ds bl igyw ij dqN dgw¡xkA ;g mldk vR;Ur dyadiw.kZ vkSj vidh£rdj i{k vigj.k tSlk fufUnr deZ djds rw yfTtr dSls ugha gksrk gS\ rwus Lo;a gh ftl
gSA lpeqp] gesa cMÛk [ksn gksrk gS ge tc fdlh ekuq"kh vFkok jk{klh LoHkko esa ;g 'kkS;Z dk o.kZu fd;k Fkk] ml 'kkS;Z vkSj cy dks Hkh f/kDdkj! dqy esa dyad yxkus
ns[krs gSa fd bl lr~çÏfr ds vHkko esa egku çfrHkk dk nq#i;ksx uhp dk;ks± ds okys rsjs ,sls pfj= dks lalkj esa lnSo f/kDdkj gh çkIr gksxk]Þ lhrk çk;% mldh
fy;s fd;k tkrk gSA jko.k esa lr~çÏfr dk furkUr vHkko FkkA og rks ,d pkyckTÛk HkRlZuk blh çdkj fd;k djrh FkhA

;q¼ ds vafre pj.k esa tc ;q¼{ks= esa jko.k dk lkeuk Jh jke ls gqvk] os ftudk vkJ; ysdj esjh ckr ugha ekurh Fkha] ogh rqEgkjs ifrnso Jh jke lej Hkwe
vius xfjeke; <ax ls mlls dgrs gSa % esa ekjs x,A vc vius Åij vk;s ladV ls foo'k gksdj Lo;a rqe esjh Hkk;kZ cu
e;k fojfgrka nhuka orZekuka egkousA tkvksxhA ;fn lquuk pkgks rks] vius ifr ds ekjs tkus dk ?kksj lekpkj lqu yksAÞ
oSngs ha çlHka âRok 'kwjks·gfefr eU;lsAA rc og lhrk dk ,d eux<aÛr dgkuh lqukrk gSA mlus lhrk ls bl rF; dks
L=h"kq 'kwj foukFkklq ijnkjkfHke'kZdA fNik;k fd Jh jke leqæ ikjdj yadk igq¡p pqds gSAa og dgrk gS] ßjke eq>s ekjus
ÑRok dkiq:"ka deZ'kwjks·gfefr eU;lsAA ds fy;s leqæ ds fdukjs rd vk;s Fks vkSj lqxhz o dh fo'kky lsuk lfgr leqæ ds
fHkée;kZn fuyZTt pkfj=s"ouofLFkrA mÙkj rV ij Bgjs FksA vk/kh jkr ds le; tc Fkdh gqbZ lsuk lq[kiwod Z lks jgh FkhA
nikZUe`R;qeiq knk; 'kwjks·gfefr eU;lsAA ogk¡ esjs xqIrpjksa us igq¡p dj fujh{k.k fd;kA esjh lsuk çgLr ds usr`Ro esa ogk¡
'kwjs.k /kunHkzk=k cyS% leqfnrsu pA igq¡ph] esjh fo'kky lsuk us jkr ds le; tgk¡ Jh jke] y{e.k Hkh Fks] ml okuj lsuk
'yk?kuh;a ;'kL;a p Ñra deZ egÙo;kAA dks u"V dj fn;kA rnuUrj çgLr us cgqr cMÛh ryokj gkFk esa ysdj fcuk fdlh
'kwjks·gfefr pkRekueoxPNfl nwer Z As #dkoV ds jke dk eLrd dkV MkykA rRi'pkr~ mlus foHkh"k.k dks idMÛ fy;k
uSo yTtkfLr rs lhrka pksjo}îid"kZr%AA VI.105.12-15,17 vkSj okuj lsuk lfgr y{e.k dks fofHkék fn'kkvksa esa Hkkx tkus ds fy;s foo'k fd;kA
ßml fo'kky ou esa esjh vuqifLFkfr esa eq>ls foyx gqb]Z nhu voLFkk esa bl çdkj esjh lsuk us lSfudksa lfgr rqEgkjs ifr dks ekSr ds ?kkV mrkj fn;k gSAÞ
lhrk dks cyiwod Z gj.k djds] vius dks 'kwjohj le>rk gS\ vlgk; vcykvksa ij jko.k us ,d jk{klh ls dgk] ßrqe jk{kl fo|qfTtà dks cqyk ykvks] tks Lo;a laxkz e
ohjrk fn[kkus okys fu'kkpj! ijL=h ds vigj.k tSls viq#"kksfpr deZ djds rw Hkwfe ls jke dk flj ;gk¡ ys vk;k gSAÞ rRi'pkr fo|qfTtà /kuq"k lfgr ml eLrd
vius dks 'kwjohj ekurk gSA /keZ dh e;kZnk Hkax djus okys ikih] fuyZTt vkSj dks ys vk;kA mlls jko.k cksyk] ßrqe jke dk eLrd 'kh?kz gh lhrk ds vkxs j[k nks]
lnkpkj 'kwU; fu'kkpj! rwus cy ds ?keaM ls oSngs h ds :i esa viuh e`R;q dks cqyk;k ftlls og vius ifr dk vfUre n'kZu vPNh çdkj dj ysAÞ
gSA rw cMÛk 'kwjohj vkSj cylEiék dqcjs dk lkSry s k HkkbZ gSA fQj Hkh rwus ;g ije rRi'pkr~ jko.k lhrk ls cksyk] ßvc rqe esjs o'k esa gksAÞ lhrk us ml
ç'kaluh; vkSj egku ;'kkso/kZd deZ fd;k gSA [kksVh cqf¼ okys fu'kkpj! rw vius dks eLrd vkSj /kuq"k dks ns[kk vkSj lc fpÊksa ls ifr dks igpku dj mls fo'okl gks
'kkS;l
Z Eiék ekurk gSA fdUrq] lhrk dks pqjkrs le; rq>s rfud Hkh yTtk ugha vkbZ!Þ x;kA og cgqr nq%[kh gqbZ vkSj ØkSpa i{kh dh Hkk¡fr jksus yxhA lcls igys mldk
/;ku dSd;s h dh vksj x;k vkSj og jksdj mldh fuUnk djus yxhA jko.k cksyk %
vc eSa mlds ,d vU; nq"deZ ij vkrk gw¡A mlus iqu% ,d ckj uhp
pkyckTÛkh }kjk lhrk dks /kks[kk nsus dk ç;Ru fd;kA Jh jke us okujksa dh lgk;rk ,oa ro grks HkrkZ llSU;ks ee lsu;kAA
ls iqy c¡/kok;k Fkk vkSj fQj leqæ ikj djds yadk ds mÙkj esa iMÛko Mky fn;k FkkA {krtkæZ jtks/oLrfena pkL;kâra f'kj%A VI.31,36,37
mUgksua s vius lgpkjksa dks uxj dh lqj{kk vkSj 'k=qcy dh tkudkjh ds fy, vius ßrqEgkjs ifr dks vk'kk Fkh] eq>s ekjus dhA vc ;g yks [Ûkuw ls Hkhxk vkSj
xqIrpjksa b/kj&m/kj Hkstuk vkjEHk fd;kA jko.k ds xqIrpjksa us tc ;g crk;k fd /kwylfjr] mudk ;g eLrdAÞ
Jh jke dh lsuk lqoy s ioZr ij vkdj Bgjh gS] Jh jke Lo;a Hkh ogk¡ vk igq¡ps gSA Lej.k jgs fd ;g lc jko.k dh eux<Ûra pkyckTÛkh Fkh vkSj og lhrk dks ;g
jko.k dqN m}sftr gqvkA mlus vius eaf=;ksa ls fopkj foe'kZ fd;kA mlus egkcyh] cMÛh fuyZTtrk ds lkFk crkrk gSA ;fn çgLr us ,slk fd;k gksrk] rks Hkh ;g cMÛk
egkek;koh ek;k fo'kkjn jk{kl fo|qfTtà ls dgk] ßrqe jke dk ek;kfu£er eLrd f?kukSuh dk;Z gksrkA tc lhrk foyki dj gh jgh Fkh] mlh le; ogk¡ jko.k dh lsuk
ysdj ,d /kuq"k ck.k lfgr esjs ikl ykvksAÞ jko.k dh vkKk ikdj fo|qfTtà us dk ,d jk{kl vius Lokeh ds ikl vk;k vkSj mlus lwpuk nh fd efU=;ksa ds lkFk
jko.k dks cMÛh dq'kyrk ls çdV dh gqbZ viuh ek;k fn[kkbZ] ftlls jko.k ml ij lsukifr çgLr i/kkjs gSAa ;g lqudj jko.k v'kksd&okfVdk NksMÛdj efU=;ksa ls
cgqr çlék gqvkA rRi'pkr~ jko.k lhrk dks ns[kus ds fy;s v'kksd&okfVdk esa x;kA feyus pyk x;kA ;g lwpuk feyus ij fd jke us leqæ ikj dj fy;k gS] jko.k us
jko.k us cMÛs g"kZ ds lkFk viuk uke crkrs gq, lhrk ds ikl tkdj cMÛs /k`"Vrkiw.kZ vius efU=;ksa ds lkFk fopkj foe'kZ djds jke ds çfr fd, tkus okys rRdkyhu
opuksa esa dgk] ßHkæs! esjs ckj&ckj lkURouk nsus vkSj çkFkZuk djus ij Hkh rqe dÙkZO; dk fu'p; fd;kA dfo dgrk gS %

vUr/kkZua rq rPNh"k± rPp dkeZd q eqÙkee~A ;g lwfpr gksrk gS fd ;s nksuksa HkkbZ thfor gSAa ;fn rqe okLro esa fo/kok gksrha] rks
txke jko.kL;So fu;kZ.kleuUrje~AA VI.32.40 ;g ifo= iq"id&foeku /kkj.k gh u djrkA TÛkjk buds psgjs dks /;kuiwod Z ns[kks]
jko.k ds ogk¡ ls fudyrs gh og flj vkSj mÙke /kuq"k nksuksa vn`'; gks x,] cMÛs vk'p;Z dh ckr ;g gS fd vpsr gksdj Hkh] 'kjhj dh lgt 'kfDr us budk
ftlls ;g Li"V gks x;k fd og dsoy ek;koh Ny FkkA lhrk jko.k dh ek;k ls R;kx ugha fd;k gSA bu nksuksa ds eq[kksa dh 'kksHkk T;ksa fd R;ksa cuh gqbZ gSA ;s nksuksa
Hkzfer gksdj cMÛh 'kksdkdqy gks xbZ FkhaA mudh psruk u"Vçk;% gks xbZ FkhA ml dsoy csgks'k gSa vkSj 'kh?kz gh gks'k esa vk tk;sxa As Þ
le; ljek uke dh jk{klh us mUgsa vius opu }kjk lkURouk nhA ljek foHkh"k.k vc ge jko.k ds ,d vU; nq"deZ ij vkrs gS]a tks bu lcls fuÏ"V gSA tc
dh iRuh Fkh] jko.k dh vkKk ls lhrk dh j{kk djrh FkhA mlus lhrk dks vk'oLr mlds HkkX; dk Îkl gqvk vkSj mldh HkkX;y{eh fuEure Lrj ij igq¡p xbZ]
fd;k] ßrqe /kS;Z /kkj.k djks] jko.k ftl dkj.k ;gk¡ ls ?kcjk dj fudy x;k gS] bUæftr ds lkFk mldk vfUre ;ks¼k Hkh ohjxfr dks çkIr gks pqdk Fkk] ml le;
mldk eSa Hkh ogk¡ tkdj iw.kZ :i ls irk yxk ykbZ gw¡A rqEgkjs ifr vkSj muds HkkbZ og viuh lq/k&cq/k [kks cSBk vkSj vR;Ur uhp gks x;k vkSj mldk vkpj.k Hkh
y{e.k dq'kyiwod Z gSAa jko.k rqEgsa iw.kZr;k eux<Ûra ckrsa crk jgk FkkAÞ ?k`f.kr ijkdk"Bk ij igq¡p x;kA iq= o/k ls lUrIr vkSj Øks/k ls o'khHkwr gq, jko.k
u grks jk?ko% Jheku~ lhrs 'k=qfucgZ.k%AA ds eu esa ;g fopkj mRiék gqvk] ßlhrk ds dkj.k gh eq> ij ;s foifÙk;k¡ vkbZ gSA
v;qDrcqf)ÑR;su loZHkwrfojksf/kukA vr,o eSa mlh dk o/k djus tkrk gw¡AÞ og lc fu'kkpjksas ls cksyk] ßesjs csV]s
b;a ç;qDrk jkSæ.s k ek;k ek;kfonk Rof;AA VI.33.13,14 bUæftr us ek;k ls okujksa dks pdek nsus ds fy;s lhrk dh ,d vkÏfr dk o/k
ß'k=qlnw u Jh jke dnkfi ekjs ugha x;s gSAa jko.k dh cqf¼ vkSj deZ& nksuksa fd;k FkkA vkt eSa ml >wB dks lR; djus tk jgk gw¡AÞ ,slk dgdj mlus 'kh?kz gh
gh cqjs gSAa og leLr çkf.k;ksa dk fojks/kh] Øwj vkSj ek;koh gSA mlus vki ij ek;k ryokj gkFk esa yh vkSj lglk ml LFkku ij igq¡p x;k] tgk¡ x;k tgk¡ lhrk FkhA
dk ç;ksx fd;k gSA Jh jke okuj lsuk ds lkFk leqæ yka?k dj bl ikj vk x, gSAa mldk o/k djus ds mís'; ls Li"V gksrk gS fd og O;fDr fdl lhek rd
os fot; dh çR;'kk ls mYykflr gSAa eSua s y{e.k lfgr Jh jke dk n'kZu fd;k gSA v/kksxfr ij igq¡p pqdk FkkA mlds lqânksa dks mldk vkpj.k vR;Ur yTtktud
muds fy, nq%[kh gksus dh dksbZ vko';drk ughaAÞ yxk vkSj mUgksua s jko.k dks jksdus dh vlQy ps"Vk dhA jko.k dks bl Hk;adj eqæk
bUæftr us vius ukxkL= ls Jh jke vkSj y{e.k dks /kjk'kk;h dj fn;k FkkA esa ns[kdj lhrk foyki djrh gqbZ eu gh eu dgus yxha %
mlus tc ;g ns[kk fd nksuksa fu'ps"V iMÛs gS]a mlus mudks ejk gqvk le>kA mlus guwerks·fi ;}kD;a u Ñra {kqn;k e;kAA
yadkiqjh igq¡p dj jke vkSj y{e.k ds ekjs tkus dk lekpkj vius firk dks lquk ;|ga rL; i`"Bsu rnk ;k;kefufUnrkA
fn;k] ftldks lqudj jko.k g"kZ ls mNy iMÛkA vius iq= dks fonk djds] jko.k us] uk|Soeuq'kksp;
s a HkrZjq ³~dx lrhAA VI.93.54,55
ftldh dsoy ,d /kqu Fkh ;su&dsu&çdkjs.k lhrk dks çkIr djuk] ml le; lhrk ßeSa Hkh fdruh ew[kZ Fkh] tc guqeku dh ckr ugha ekuhA ;fn ml le;
dh lajf{kdk jk{kfl;ksa dks cqyk;k muls dgk] ßrqe tkdj lhrk ls dgks bUæftr us guqeku dh ihB ij cSB dj pyh xbZ gksrh] rks ifr ds vad esa LFkku ikdj] muds
jke vkSj y{e.k dks ekj fn;k gSA rRi'pkr~ iq"id&foeku esa lhrk dks cSBkdj fy, bl çdkj dk 'kksd u djrhAÞ
j.kHkwfe esa ys tkvks vkSj mu nksuksa ejs gq, cU/kqvksa dks fn[kk dj ys vkvksAÞ mlus lhrk dks bl çdkj foyki djrh ns[kdj jko.k ds lqi'oZ uked cqf¼eku
lc lkspk fd lc [ksy lekIr gks x;k gS vkSj lhrk vc mldh mis{kk ugha djsxh] ea=h us ml le; ;g ckr dgh] ßegkjkt! lhrk ,d L=h ghu gS vkSj vki ,d
nwljk dksbZ vkJ; u ns[kdj og Lo;a gh mlds ikl pyh vk;sxhA fdruh cf<Û;k iq#"kA o"kks± ls vkidh Nfo 'kwjohj dh jgh gSA vkius vusd ckj nsorkvksa rd ls
ifjdYiuk Fkh] ml jk{kl dhA lhrk dks iq"id&foeku ij cSBkdj f=tVk lfgr ;q¼ fd;k gS vkSj mUgsa ijkLr Hkh fd;k gSA bl ij vki ,d vcyk L=h dk o/k
jk{kl fL=;k¡ mUgsa j.kHkwfe ij ys pyhaA ogk¡ tkdj lhrk us j.kHkwfe esa ck.k'k¸;k ij djuk dSls mfpr le>rs gS\a ;q¼ esa ge yksxksa ds lkFk pydj jke ij gh viuk
nksuksa Hkkb;ksa dks ns[kk] tks laKkghu n'kk esa iMÛs gq, FksA vius ifr vkSj nsoj dks Øks/k mrkjksA lsuk ds lkFk fot; ds fy, çLFkku djksA vki 'kwjohj cqf¼eku vkSj
/kwylfjr voLFkk esa ns[kdj lhrk QwV&QwV dj jksus yxhA vc lkURouk nsus dh jFkh gSAa ,d Js"B jFk ij vk:<Û gksdj [kM~x gkFk esa ysdj ;q¼ dfj;sA jke dk
ckjh Fkh] f=tVk dhA f=tVk foyki djrh gqbZ lhrk ls cksyh] ßnsoh! rqe nq%[kh u o/k djds lhrk dks çkIr dj ldrs gSAa lhrk dks bl çdkj çkIr djuk mfpr
gks] rqEgkjs ;s ifrnso thfor gSAa eSa rqEgsa blds cMÛs mfpr dkj.k crkÅ¡xh] ftuls

jgsxkAÞ fe= ds dgs gq, bl mÙke /kekZud q y
w okD; dks lqudj nqjkRek jko.k dh ftlus esjs tuLFkku dk fouk'k fd;k gS\Þ rRi'pkr~] vdEiu mls Jh jke vkSj
e;kZnk dk FkksMÛk cgqr vo'ks"k rRo tkxzr gks x;k vkSj og egy dh vksj ykSV x;kA y{e.k ds fo"k; esa crkrk gSA muds cy vkSj iq#"kkFkZ dk o.kZu djrk gS] ßvki
Loeso rq lgkLekHkh jk?kos Øks/keqRl`tA vFkok leLr jk{kl txr Hkh fey dj ;q¼ esa Jh jke dks ugha thr ldrsA muds
vH;qRFkkua Roe|So Ñ".ki{kprqn'Z khe~AA o/k dk ,d mik; eq>s lw>k gSA Jh jke dh iRuh lhrk lalkj dh loksÙZ ke lqUnjh gS
ÑRok fu;kZáekokL;ka fot;k; cySor Z` %A vkSj jke dk lEiw.kZ thou lhrk ij dsfUær gSA fdlh Hkh mik; ls jke dks /kks[ks esa
'kwjks /kheku jFkh [kM~xh jFkçojekfLFkr%AA Mkydj mudh iRuh dk vigj.k dj ysAa lhrk ls fcNqMÛ tkus ls jke dnkfi
gRok nk'kjfFka jkea Hkoku~ çkIL;fr eSfFkyhe~AA VI.93.65,66 thfor u jgsxa As Þ jko.k dks vdEiu dh ckr ilUn vk xbZ dqN nwj ij fLFkr ,d
vkJe esa og ekjhp ls feykA ml le; mldk eu Mk¡okMksy gks jgk FkkA mlus
vc eSa jko.k ls lEcfU/kr vfUre çdj.k ij vkrk gw¡] ftlesa jko.k vkSj
ekjhp dks crk;k] ßJh jke us esjs jkT; dh lhek dss j{kd [kj] nw"k.k vkfn dks ekj
lhrk vkeus lkeus gSAa bl rF; dks /;ku esa j[ksa fd jko.k dk vUr lhrk ds dkj.k
Mkyk gSA bldk cnyk ysus ds fy;s eSa mudh iRuh lhrk dk vigj.k djuk pkgrk
ls gqvkA ;g foifÙk mlus Loa; gh cqykbZ Fkh] bl ifo= ukjh ij cyç;ksx djus ds
gw¡A bl dk;Z esas rqe esjh lgk;rk djksAÞ ekjhp ijke'kZ }kjk mls jksdrk gSA vUr esa
dkj.k vkSj og Hkh vR;Ur diViw.kZ] /kwrrZ k;qDr vkpj.k }kjkA lhrk ds çfr mlds
dgrk gS] ßbl vR;Ur Hk;adj cMÛokuy esa dwn iMÛuk rqEgkjs fy;s dnkfi mfpr
euksoxs esa vo'; gh dksbZ ,slk rÙo jgk gksxk] ftldks eSa dgw¡xk] ,d çdkj dk
ugha gSA lkuUn jgks vkSj yadk dks ykSV tkvksAÞ jko.k us ekjhp dh ckr eku yh
mUekn& dqN ,slk] ftldks og vius eu ls fudkyus esa vleFkZ FkkA lhrk esa Hkh
vkSj 'kkUr gksdj yadk ykSV x;k] fdUrq nqHkkZX; ls mldh cfgu 'kwi.Z k[kk ogkz¡ mlds
dqN ,slk Fkk] ftlus mldks fu;U=.k esa j[kkA bl rhoz vklfDr dk] mlds eu esa
ikl vk igq¡ph vkSj viuh nqn'Z kk fn[kkdj mlus igys jko.k dks vius jkT; esa jke
loZçFke cht cksus okyk Fkk] ,d O;fDr ftldk uke Fkk] vdEiuA 'kwi.Z k[kk us
}kjk fd, x;s /oal ls vufHkK jgus ds fy, QVdkjk vkSj c<Ûk&p<Ûk dj viuh
iapoVh vkJe esa vkdj igys jke vkSj fQj y{e.k ls ç.k;;kpuk dh Fkh] ftls
dFkk lqukbZA mlus jke vkSj y{e.k ds fo"k; eas crk;k fd fdl çdkj mUgksua s
nksuksa us Vky fn;k FkkA bl ij Øksf/kr gksdj mlus lhrk ij vkØe.k fd;kA
vdsys gh brus jk{klksa dk lagkj dj fn;k vkSj ;g fd L=h dk o/k gks tkus ds Mj
QyLo:i] y{e.k us mld ukd dku dkV fn,] ftUgsa ysdj og [kj ds ikl
ls mUgksua s mls viekfur fd;kA ßeSua s jke dh iRuh] lhrk dks Hkh ns[kkA og lc
igq¡phA lc o`ÙkkUr lqudj [kj us igys Jh jke vkfn dk o/k djus ds fy, pkSng
'kqHky{k.kksa ls lEiék gS] og f=yksdh dk vewY; jRu gSA mlesa lkSE; LoHkko] lkSUn;Z
jk{klksa dks Hkstk] fdUrq jke us mu lcdks /kjk'k;h dj fn;kA [kj Lo;a pkSng gTÛkkj
vkSj 'kkyhurkµ ;s lc ,d lkFk dsfUær gSAa Hkwry ij bruh :iorh ukjh eSua s
jk{klksa dh lsuk lfgr] nw"k.k dks ysdj Jh jke ds vkJe ds lehi igq¡pkA nw"k.k
igys dHkh ugha ns[khA og rqEgkjs ;ksX; Hkk;kZ gksxh vkSj rqe Hkh mlds ;ksX; ifr gks
lfgr] Jh jke us pkSng gTÛkkj jk{klksa dk Hkh o/k dj MkykA rRi'pkr~ lsukifr
ldrs gksA ml lqe[q kh L=h dks tc eSa rqEgsa ykus ds fy;s m|r gqb]Z rc os nksuksa HkkbZ
jk{kl f=f'kjk us jke ij vkØe.k fd;k] ijUrq jke us mls Hkh /kjk'kk;h dj fn;kA
cgqr dqfir gks x;s vkSj mUgksua s esjs çfr cMÛk yTtkiw.kZ O;ogkj fd;k vkSj Øwj
?kksj ;q¼ ds ckn [kj Hkh ekjk x;kA vdEiu u jke ds lkFk fd, gq, rhuksa ;q¼
y{e.k us eq>s dq:i dj fn;kAÞ
ns[ks FksA mls HkyhHkk¡fr jke dh 'kfDr dk vankTÛkk gks pqdk Fkk fd os vdsys gh mu
rhuksa jk{klksa dks vkSj muds vuqpjksa dks lekIr djus esa l{ke FksA rnuUrj ;fn rL;kefHkçk;ks Hkk;kZFksZ ro tk;rsAA
vdEiu ;q¼{ks= ls Hkkx [kMÛk gksrk gS vkSj cMÛh mrkoyh ds lkFk yadk tkdj 'kh?kzefq )ª;rka iknks t;kFkZfeg nf{k.k%A III.34.22,23
jko.k dks ;g lc o`ÙkkUr nsrk gS] ;g lxZ cgqr ls fo}kuksa }kjk çf{kIr ekuk tkrk ß;fn rqEgsa lhrk dks viuh Hkk;kZ cukus dh bPNk gks] rks 'kh?kz gh jke dks
gSA ;g [ksn dk fo"k; gksxk] ;fn dsoy lS¼kfUrd dkj.kksa ls bl lxZ dks fudy thrus dk ç;Ru djksAÞ
fn;k tk;s D;ksafd blesa dqN cMÛs mRÏ"V va'k fo|eku gSaA blesa ,d fu"i{k mldh ckrksa dk fo'okl djrs gq, jko.k us fu'p; fd;k fd og lhrk dks
çR;{kn'khZ }kjk fd;k x;k] Lo;a Jh jke dk fooj.k gSA ;g lhrk dh euksgjrk vkSj çkIr djus dk iwjk ç;kl djsxkA 'kwi.Z k[kk jke vkSj y{e.k dks ;q¼ esa ejk ns[kuk
lqUnjrk vkSj mlds pfj= ds xkSjoe; i{k dks cMÛs foy{k.k :i ls mtkxj djrk pkgrh FkhA jko.k bruk lkgl djus dks rS;kj u FkkA og lhrk dks çkIr djus ds
gSA lc o`ÙkkUr lqudj jko.k Øks/k ls ty mBk vkSj cksyk] ßdkSu og nq%lkglh gS] fy;s rks mRlqd Fkk] ijUrq jke vkSj y{e.k ls ;q¼ ugha djuk pkgrk FkkA jke vkSj

y{e.k dks ekjhp ds ihNs fHktokdj] jko.k lU;klh ds Nn~eos'k esa lhrk ds lEeq[k ty ds }kjk vius rV dk vigj.k djrh gSA rqEgkjh dej iryh gS fd eqëh esa vk
mifLFkr gksrk gSA ml le; gksrk gS] yEck Hkk"k.k] tks fd iWfjl esa ,d ,d efgyk tk;s] ds'k fpdus vkSj euksgj gSAa lqUnjh! nsork] xU/koZ] ;{k vkSj fdékj tkfr dh
ds futh d{k esa fdlh je.khjatd }kjk fn, x;s ç.k;çn'kZu dks Hkh ekr dj ldrk fL=;ksa esa Hkh rqe tSlh dksbZ Hkh ugha gSA i`Foh ij rks rqEgkjs tSls :iorh ukjh eSua s
gSA dgha&dgha ij rks og cMÛk vHkæ vkSj vR;Ur ve;kZfnr gks tkrk gSA muds igys dHkh ns[kh ughaA dgk¡ rks rqEgkjk ;g rhuksa yksdksa esa lcls lqUnj :i]
:i&yko.; vkSj euksgjrk ds o.kZu ds ckn og vUr esa mudk ifjp; iwNrk gS fd lqdeq kjrk vkSj ;kSou vkSj dgk¡ bl nqxeZ ou esa okl! ;g lc ckrsa esjs eu esa
os dkSu gSa\ mFky&iqFky epk jgh gSAa dY;k.kh nsoh! rqe dkSu gks] dgk¡ ls vkdj vkSj fdl
deykuka 'kqHkka ekyka ifn~euho fg fcHkzrhA dkj.k bl jk{kl lsfor naMdkj.; eas vdsyh fopj.k djrh gks\Þ
âh% Jh% dhÆr% 'kqHkk y{ehjIljk ok 'kqHkkuusAA lhrk ds eu esa D;k fopkj vk;s] tc os lc ç'kalksfDr;k¡ mUgsa lqukbZ xb±\
HkwfrokZ Roa ojkjksgs jfrokZ LoSjpkfj.khA D;k os çlék gqb]± tSls lkekU;r% vktdy os fL=;k¡ çlék gksrh gS]a tc mUgsa mudh
lek% f'k[kfj.k% fLuX/kk% ik.Mjk n'kukLroAA je.kh;rk ds fy;s ljkgk tkrk gS] dguk dfBu gSA ijUrq ,slk dksbZ ladrs ugha
fo'kkys foeys us=s jDrkUrs Ñ".krkjdsA feyrk] ftlls ;g irk pys fd mUgsa cqjk yxkA vius oS;fDrd lkSUn;Z dh
fo'kkya t?kua ihuew# djhdjksiekSAA fVIif.k;ksa ij os jko.k dh dksbZ HkRlZuk ugha djrha] ijUrq lU;klh ;Fkksfpr lEeku
,rkoqifprkS o`ÙkkS lagrkS laçofYxrkSA çdV djrh gSAa bl ckr dk mYys[k rks feyrk gS fd os cgqr ?kcjkbZ lh FkhaA os cMÛh
ihukséreq[kkS dkUrkS fLuX/kkS rkyQyksiekSAA mRlqdrk ls vius ifr vkSj nsoj ds ykSVus dh çrh{kk dj jgha FkhaA mUgsa iwjk /;ku
ef.kçosdkHkj.kkS :fpjkS rs i;ks/kjkSA Fkk fd fdl ifjfLFkfro'k os nksuksa x, gq, gSAa mUgsa jke ds phRdkj lqudj ,slk yxk
pk:fLers pk:nfr pk:us=s foykflfuAA fd muds ifr vo'; gh fdlh ladV esa Q¡l x, gSAa os viuh fpUrk dks iw.kZr;k
euks gjfl es dkUrs unh dwyfeokEHklkA fNikus esa vleFkZ Fkha] rFkkfi mUgksua s jko.k ds vkfrF; /keZ dks iw.kZr;k fuHkk;kA
djkUrfere/;kfl lqd's kh lagrLruhAA rRi'pkr~ mUgksua s vius fo"k; esa fuLladksp crk fn;k vkSj mls Hkh viuk ifjp;
uSo nsoh u xU/kohZ u ;{kh u p fdéjhA nsus dks dgkA bl fo"k; ij jko.k vius vkidks çdV dj nsrk gS vkSj muds çfr
uSoa#ik e;k ukjh n`"ViwokZ eghrysAA viuh vuqjkx Hkkouk dks HkhA
#iexzîa p yksd"s kq lkSdeq k;Z o;'p rsA Roka rq dk´puo.kkZHkka n`"V~ok dkS'ks;okfluhe~A
bg okl'p dkUrkjs fpÙkeqUekn;fUr esAA jfra Lods"kq nkjs"kq ukf/kxPNkE;fufUnrsAA
dkfl dL; dqr'p Roa fdafufeÙka p naMdku~A cºohukeqÙkeL=hukekârkukferLrr%A
,dk pjfl dY;kf.k ?kksjku~ jk{kllsforku~AA III.46.16-23,31 lokZlkeso Hkæa rs eekxzefg"kh HkoAA III.47.27,28
ßrqe ifn~euh dh Hkk¡fr deyksa dh lqUnj lh ekyk /kkj.k djrh gksA rqe Îh] ßlqUnjh! rqEgkjs vaxksa dh dkfUr lqo.kZ ds leku gS] ftu ij js'keh lkMÛh
Jh] dh£r 'kqHkLo:ik y{eh vFkok vIljk rks ugha gks\ rqe Hkwfr ;k LosPNkiwod Z 'kksHkk ik jgh gSAa rqEgsa ns[kdj vc esjk eu viuh fL=;ksa dh vksj ugha tkrkA esjh
fogkj djus okyh dkenso dh iRuh rks ugha gks\ rqEgkjh nUriafDr cjkcj gS] muds fL=;ksa ds Åij rqe iVjkuh cuksAÞ
vxzHkkx dqUn dh dfy;ksa ds leku 'kksHkk ikrs gSAa os lc fpdus vkSj 'kqHkz gSAa rqEgkjh og viuk çLrko lh/kk gh lhrk ds le{k j[krk gSA gesa ;g /;ku esa j[kuk
nksuksa cMÛh&cMÛh vk¡[ksa fueZy gS]a muds nksuksa dksus yky gS vkSj iqrfy;k¡ dkyh gSAa pkfg, fd mu fnuksa cgq&fookg çFkk ds fo#¼ dksbZ çfrcU/k ugha FkkA tks çLrko
dfVdk dk vxzHkkx fo'kky ,oa ek¡ly gSA nksuksa tka¡?ks gkFkh dh lwMa ds leku 'kksHkk jko.k us lhrk ds lkeus j[kk Fkk] og ml le; dh ekU;rkvksa ds vuq:i FkkA lhrk
ikrs gSAa rqEgkjs ;s nksuksa Lru iq"V xksykdkj vkSj ijLij lVs gq, gSAa os çxYHk] eksV]s us ml çLrko dks iw.kZr;k Bqdjk fn;k vkSj mldks [Ûkcw QVdkjkA jko.k vius
Åij mBs gq, eq[k okys] fpdus rkMÛQy ds leku vkdkj okys] ij lqUnj Js"B ijkØe dk o.kZu djrk gSA og dgrk gS] ßeq>s Bqdjk dj rqe blh çdkj i'pkrki~
ef.ke; vkHkw"k.kksa ls foHkwf"kr gSAa lqUnj eqLdku] #fpj nUrkoyh vkSj euksgj us= djksxh] tSls iq#jok dks ykr ekjdj moZ'kh iNrk;h FkhAÞ blh LFkku ij eSa dsoy
okyh foykfluh je.kh! rqe vius :i lkSUn;Z ls esjs eu dks gj jgh gks] tSls unh

bl ckr dh vksj /;ku fnykuk pkgrk gw¡ fd lhrk us jko.k dks bruh QVdkj Lo/keksZ j{klka Hkh: loZFkSo u la'k;%A*
lqukbZ fd mlls fp<Ûdj vius Nn~eos'k dks R;kx dj mlus nl eq[k vkSj chl xeua ok ijL=h.kka gj.ka laçeF; okAA
Hkqtkvksa okyk :i /kkj.k dj fy;k vkSj lhrk dks Mjkus] /kedkus ij mrk: gks ,oa pSrndkeka rq u Roka Lç{;kfe eSfFkfyA
x;kA fo"k;klDr O;fDr;ksa dk ,slk gh LoHkko gksrk gSA çse dk çLrko ;fn ifo= dkea dke% 'kjhjs es ;Fkkdkea çorZrke~AA
vkSj lPpk gks] rks mldh vLohÏfr ugha gksuh pkfg,A lPpk çse dnkfi Bqdjk;k ,dos.kh /kjk 'k¸;k /;kua efyueEcje~A
ugha tkrkA jko.k us lhrk dks TÛkcjnLrh mBk fy;kA brus esa gh jko.k dk vLFkkus·I;qiokl'p uSrkU;kSif;dkfu rsAA
ek;kfu£er jFk ogk¡ fn[kkbZ fn;k vkSj jko.k rRdky lhrk dks ml ij cSBk dj Roka ÑRooksijrks eU;s #idrkZ l fo'ol`VA~
vkdk'k esa mMÛk pykA yadk esa igq¡p dj jko.k us lhrk dks vUr%iqj esa j[kk fn;k u fg #iksiek RoU;k rokfLr 'kqHkn'kZuAs A
vkSj TÛkcjnLrh mUgsa vius Hkou ds lEiw.kZ oSHko dk n'kZu djk;kA Roka leklk| oSnfs g :i;kSou'kkfyuhe~A
vya ozhMsu oSnsfg /keZyksiÑrs u pAA d% iqekufrorsu Z lk{kknfi firkeg%AA V.20.3,5,6,8,13,14
vk"kks·Z ;a nSofu";Unks ;LRokefHkxfe";frA ßfo'kky ykspus! eSa rks rqEgsa pkgrk gw¡] rqels çse djrk gw¡] leLr lalkj dk
,rkS iknkS e;k fLuX/kkS f'kjksfHk% ifjihfMrkS%AA eu eksgus okyh lok±x lqUnjh fç;s! rqe Hkh eq>s fo'ks"k vknj nks] esjh çkFkZuk
çlkna dq: eas f{kça o';ks nklks·gefLe rsA Lohdkj djksA esjh tkfr mu ekuoksfpr vkpj.k ds lkekU; fu;eksa ls c¡/kh ugha gqbZ
bek% 'kwU;k e;k okp% 'kq";ek.ksu Hkkf"krk%AA gS] tks rqEgkjh euq"; tkfr dks ifjpkfyr djrs gSAa fefFkys'k ufUnuh! ,slh voLFkk
u pkfi jko.k% dkafpUew/ukZ L=h ç.kers fgA esa Hkh rqe eq>s ugha pkgksxh] rc rd eSa rqEgkjk Li'kZ ugha d:¡xk] Hkys gh dkenso
,oeqDrk n'kxzhoks eSfFkyha tudkRetke~AA esjs 'kjhj ij bPNkuqlkj vR;kpkj djsAa ,d os.kh /kkj.k djuk] i`Foh ij lksuk]
ÑrkUro'kekiéks ees;fefr eU;rsAA III.55.34-37 fpUrk eXu jguk] eSys oL= iguuk vkSj fcuk volj ds miokl djuk& ;s lc
og fQj dgrk gS] ßvius ifr ds R;kx vkSj ij iq#"k ds vaxhdkj ls] tks d"V] tks rqe vius ifr ds fy, mBk jgh gks] rqEgkjs ;ksX; ughaA 'kqHkn'kZu!s eSa rks
/keZyksi dh vk'kadk gksrh gS] mlds dkj.k rqEgsa ;gk¡ yTtk ugha gksuh pkfg,A bl ,slk le>rk gw¡ fd :i dh jpuk djus okyk yksdl`"Vk fo/kkrk rqEgsa cukdj bl
çdkj dh yTtk O;FkZ gSA rqEgkjs lkFk tks esjk Lusg lEcU/k gS] og vk"kZ /keZ'kkL=ksa dk;Z esa fojr gks x;k] D;ksfa d rqEgkjs :i dh lerk djus okyh nwljh L=h ugha gSA
}kjk le£Fkr gSAÞ og dkekos'k esa bruk uhps fxj x;k gS fd og lhrk ds pj.kksa esa fonsg ufUnuh! :i vkSj ;kSou ls lq'kksfHkr gksus okyhA rqEgsa ikdj dkSu lk iq#"k
fxj dj dgrk gS] ßrqEgkjs bu dksey ,oa fpdus pj.kksa ij eSa vius eLrd j[k jgk ,slk gksxk] tks /kS;Z ls fopfyr u gks tk;sxk] Hkys gh lk{kkr~ og czãk gh D;ksa u
gw¡A vc eq> ij 'kh?kz Ïik djksA eSa lnk rqEgkjs v/khu jgus okyk nkl gw¡AÞ og vkxs gksAÞ
dgrk gS] ßeSua s dkefXu ls lUrIr gksdj ;s ckrsa dgh gSAa ;s fu"Qy u gks]a ,slh Ïik vHkh rd ge jko.k dh lhrk ds çfr vklfDr ds lEcU/k esa ppkZ dj jgs FksA
djks] D;ksfa d jko.k fdlh L=h ds lEeq[k >qd dj ç.kke ugha fd;k gS] dsoy rqEgkjs ;g Hkkouk vU; fL=;ksa ds çfr mldh Hkkouk ls loZFkk fHkék Fkh] bl n`f"V ls fd og
lkeus gh bldk eLrd >qdk gSAÞ fdlh çdkj Hkh fu;U=.k ugha dj ldrk FkkA blds foijhr] bl vklfDr us mls
iw.kZr;k vfHkHkwr fd;k] ftlds QyLo:i og vusd ladVksa esa Q¡lrk x;kA vUrr%
tc og lhrk ds pj.kksa ij fxj iMÛk] mlus dksey Loj esa vuqu;&fou;
blh dkj.k og fouk'k dks çkIr gqvkA jko.k ckj&ckj lhrk ds ikl tkdj] mldks
dh] mls vk'kk Fkh fd og mudk ân; thr ysxkA pkVwfDr;ksa vkSj /kefd;ksa ls lhrk
lEcksf/kr dj vius euksHkkoksa dks çdV djrk FkkA ,d ckj v'kksd&ou esa og igq¡p
dks Qqlykus dh lc ps"Vk;sa fu"Qy jgha] ijUrq fQj Hkh mlus vk'kk u NksMÛhA
dj dgrk gS %
lqUnj dkaM ds chlosa lxZ esa gesa ,d >ydh feyrh gS] ftldh çR;{kn'khZ Fks] Lo;a
guqekuA lhrk ls jko.k bl çdkj dgrk gS % ;|Ri';kfe rs xk=a 'khrka'kql<`'kkuusA
rfLeLrfLeu~ i`FkqJksf.k p{kqeeZ fuc/;rsAA V.20.15
dke;s Roka fo'kkykf{k cgqeU;Lo eka fç;sA
lok±³~xxq.klaiés loZyksdeuksgjsAA * nsf[k, v-22, i`-350.

ßpUæek ds leku eq[k okyh] lqe/;ls! eSa rqEgkjs ftl&ftl vax dks ns[krk ßD;k ;gk¡ yadk esa lRiq#"k ugha gS\a D;k ;gk¡ lPpfj= O;fDr;ksa dk fuokl
gw¡] mlh&mlh esa esjs us= my> tkrs gSa vkSj gVk;s ugha gVrsAÞ ugha gS] tks fd /keZlxa r vkpj.k dh ys'kek= Hkh ijokg djrs gks\a vFkok ,sls yksxksa
pk:fLers pk:nfr pk:us=s foykfluhA ds mifLFkr gksrs gq, Hkh rqe mudk vuqlj.k ugha djrs gks\ ,slk rks gks gh ugha
euks gjfl es Hkh: lqi.kZ% iéxa ;FkkAA V.20.29 ldrkA yadk ,d fo'kky uxjh gS] tgk¡ osnksa dk ikB gksrk gS vkSj gekjs /keZ dk Hkh
ßeuksgu eqLdku] euksgu nUrkoyh je.kh; us=ksa okyh foykfluh! Hkh# tSls fu"Bkiwod Z ikyu fd;k tkrk gSA vo'; gh ;gk¡ vusd lRiq#"k fo|eku gksxa As eq>s
x#MÛ liZ dks mBk ys tkrs gS]a mlh çdkj rqe esjs eu dks gj ysrh gksAÞ yxrk gS] rqEgsa mu yksxksa ds çfr lEeku Hkko ugha gSA ;g ns[kdj rqEgkjh cqf¼ ,slh
bl çdkj cgqr dqN dgus ds i'pkr~ og vfUre ckj vkxzg djrk gS vkSj foijhr vkSj lnkpkj 'kwU; gks xbZ gSA blls rks ;gh fu"d"kZ fudyrk gSA ;|fi ;gk¡
vius çyksHku dk tky Qsd a rk gSA Hkh lRiq#"kksa dk vHkko ugha gS] tks rqEgkjk Bhd&Bkd ekxZn'kZu dj ldrs gSAa rqe gh
mudks ugha lqursAÞ
fic fogj jeLo Hkw³{~ o Hkksxku~ /kufup;a çfn'kkfe esfnuha pAA
ef; yy yyus ;Fkklq[ka Roa Rof; p lesR; yyUrq ckU/kokLrsAAV.20-35 bl fLFkfr dks lq/kkjus ds fy, eSa bl çlax ij nks 'kCn dgw¡xkA fe=ksa ds chp
ßvkvks] rqe esjs lkFk fnO; jl dk iku djks] rFkk vfHk"V Hkksx HkksxksA ge ;g vke deTÛkksjh gksrh gS vkSj eSa dsoy ,d nks 'kCn ,sls O;fDr;ksa ls dgw¡xk] tks
,d nwljs ds lgp;Z dk vkuUn ysAa eSa rqEgsa /ku dh jkf'k vkSj lEiw.kZ olqU/kjk Hkh fd ,slk djus esa leFkZ gksa vkSj xq#tuksa dk D;k dÙkZO; gS vkSj D;k gksuk pkfg,A
le£ir djrk gw¡] ftl ij rqe esjs lkFk jkT; djksxhA yyus! esjs lkFk dYyksy bu xq#tuksa dks Hkh ,slk dnkfi ugha lkspuk pkfg,] Þog rks ew[kZ vkSj nq"V gSA eSa rks
djks] bruk Hkj eSa pkgrk gw¡A rqEgkjs fudV vkdj rqEgkjs HkkbZ cU/kq Hkh lq[kiwod
Z mlds ikl Hkh ugha QVdw¡xkA og esjh cqtxq hZ dk fcYdqy fygkTÛk ugha djsxkA mlds
bPNkuqlkj Hkksx vkfn çkIr djsAa mu lcdks cqyk ysuk vkSj o;kso`¼ tud dks HkhAÞ ikl tkus dk ykHk gh D;k\Þ lhrk lekt ds lRiq#"kksa ls ,slh eukso`fÙk dh vis{kk
ugha djrhA lpeqp fdlh Hkh lekt esa mlds xq#tuksa dks bl çdkj dk joS;k ugha
bl LFkku ij dfo fo'ks"kdj ,d mYyklh N¡n dk ç;ksx djrk gS] jko.k dks
viukuk pkfg,A ;fn vkids dksbZ lPps fe= gS]a pkgs os leo;L; Hkh gks vFkok
cqykrs le; mlds euksHkko çn£'kr djus ds fy,A ijUrq ;g lHkh lhrk ds fy,
vkils cMÛs ;k dqN NksV]s ftuds vki fgrS"kh vkSj 'kqHksPNqd gS&a pkgs os dqN Hkh dgsa
dMqÛok ?kw¡V FkkA bldk ifj.kke ;g gqvk fd blls mUgsa cgqr Dys'k vkSj Hkkjh jks"k
;k djs&a vkidk dÙkZO; curk gS fd vki mudks iFkçn'kZu ds fy, mfpr ijke'kZ
gqvkA muds eu esa mlds çfr ?k`.kk vkSj frjLdkj Hkkouk FkhA mUgksua s Hkh rtZu]
nsAa tc Hkh volj feys] vius fe= dks usd lykg ns]a ijUrq ewd n'kZu u cudj
pkiywlh vkSj f'k{kkçn feJ.k dk ç;ksx fd;k] bl mís'; ls fd lEHkor% buesa ls
mldks nq"Vrk dh pêku ls uhps fouk'k ds xrZ esa yq<Ûdus ls jksdAas dgha ,slk u gks]
dksbZ ,d fof/k mldh nq"Vrk ij fot; çkIr dj ldsA vius Loj dks ;Fkk lEHko
tc lc lekIr gks tk;s] vki mldh nqn'Z kk ij vk¡lw cgkrs gq, dgs]a ÞeSa ml le;
Å¡pk dj mUgksua s mls lh[k nh %
cgqr pkgrk Fkk fd rqEgsa lko/kku d:¡] ijUrq rqe esjh ckr lquus dks rS;kj u FksAÞ
;Fkk ro rFkkU;s"kka nkjk j{;k fu'kkpjAA pkgs nwljs i{k lquus dks rS;kj gksa vFkok rqEgkjh ckr dh vulquh djs]a ,d fe= ds
vkRekueqieka ÑRok Los"kq nkjs"kq jE;krke~A V.21.7,8 çfr dÙkZO; dks fuHkhZdrkiwod Z fuHkk;k tkuk pkfg, vFkkZr~ Hkkoh ladV ds çfr
ßfu'kkpj! ,slk yxrk gS fd rqe fookg dh ifo=rk dks ugha le>rsA ;fn psrkouh nsuh pkfg,] ftlls og v/kksxfr ds xrZ esa fxjrk gh gS] rks fcuk lkef;d
fdlh vU; dh iRuh rqEgkjh ns[kHkky esa gks] rks rqEgsa mldh j{kk mlh çdkj djuh psrkouh ds ugha] vfirq tkucw> djA cgqr ls yksx vKkuo'k nq"deZ esa ço`Ùk gksrs
pkfg,] tSls rqe vU; yksxksa ls viuh ifRu;ksa dh lqj{kk dh vis{kk j[krs gksA rqe gSAa mUgsa ;g ekywe ugha gksrk fd dksbZ vU; mudh xfrfof/k;ksa ij uTÛkj tek;s gq,
Lo;a lkspks] lcdks leku gh tkuksA rqe vius dks vkn'kZ cuk dj viuh fookfgrk gS vkSj u gh bl ckr dk vkHkkl gksrk fd ml ekxZ ds fljs ij fouk'k mudh çrh{kk
fL=;ksa esa vuqjDr jgksAÞ dj jgk gSA ,sls O;fDr;ksa ds fy;s le; ls igys nh gqbZ psrkouh ykHkçn gks ldrh
vk'p;Z çdV djrs gq,] os dgrh gSa % gSA D;ksfa d ge bu egku iqLrdksa rFkk egku O;fDr;ksa dh f'k{kvksa dks xzg.k djrs
bg lUrks u ok lfUr lrks ok ukuqorZlAs A gS]a ftuls ge ykHkkfUor gksAa eSa lhrk ds jko.k ls dgs x;s opuksa esa vUr£ufgr
rFkk fg foijhrk rs cqf)jkpkjoÆtrkA V.21.9,10 lh[k ij cy nsuk pkgw¡xkA cMÛh mi;qDr Hkk"kk esa os bl vksj /;ku fnykrh gSa fd
tc muds thou esa ladV fLFkfr mifLFkr gks] rks lRiq#"kksa dk dÙkZO; D;k gksuk

pkfg,] fdlh lekt ds mu yksxksa dks D;k djuk pkfg,] ftudks lRiq#"kksa dk frjLdkj djus dk lkgl dj jgh gSA gj ckj tc esjk Øks/k mQurk gS] esjk çse
ijke'kZ rks feyrk gS] ijUrq os mls xzg.k djus esa vkukdkuh djrs gSAa dgrk gS] ûgha] ugha] bl míaM dks naM er nks] viuh O;ogkj dyk dk gh mi;ksx
vc ,d pj.k vkSj vkxs pyrs gSAa jko.k vc Hkh lhrk dks cgdkus Qqlykus djksA* tSls ,d vPNk lkjfFk dqekxZ ij nkSMÛrs gq, ?kksMÛkas dk jksdrk gS] oSls gh
dk ç;kl dj jgk gSA og cMÛh e/kqj Hkk"kk esa muls ckr djrk gS] muds lkSUn;Z dh rqEgkjs çfr tks çse esjk ân; esa mRiék gks x;k] ogh esjs Øks/k dks jksdrk gSA ;g]
ç'kalk djrk gS vkSj mudh le>nkjh vkSj xq.kksa dh ljkguk djrk gS vkSj mlh dke cMÛk Vs<Ûk gSA vPNk rks ;gh gS fd bls çksRlkgu dh vko';drk ugha gksrh
vuqikr esa muds ifr dh fuUnk Hkh djrk gSA (ijUrq tc ;g eksg cu tkrk gS] rc bldks çksRlkgu dh vko';d;rk ugha gksrhA
;Fkk ;Fkk lkURof;rk o';% L=h.kka rFkk rFkkA ;g igys gh vki ij vkf/kiR; tek ysrk gS)A ;fn fdlh ds çfr çse mRiék gks x;k
;Fkk ;Fkk fç;a oDrk ifjHkwrLrFkk rFkkAA gS] rks mlds çfr Øks/k djus dh cktk;] pkgs ,slk mfpr Hkh gks] d#.kk vkSj n;k
lafu;PNfr es Øks/ka Rof; dke% leqfRFkr%A Hkko çdV gks tkrk gS vkSj Øks/kh dks vfHkHkwr dj ysrk gSA çse] Øks/k ij fot; çkIr
æorks·ekxZeklk| g;kfuo lqljkfFk%AA dj ysrk gS vkSj vU; Hkkoukvksa ij vfHkHkkoh gks tkrk gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd >wBs
oke% dkeks euq";k.kka ;fLeu~ fdy fuc/;rsA oSjkX; esa rRij rFkk o/k vkSj frjLdkj ds ;ksX; gksus ij Hkh eSa rqEgkjk o/k ugha dj
tus rfLeaLRouqØks'k% Lusg'p fdy tk;rsAA ik jgk gw¡A rqe tSlh&tSlh dBksj ckrsa dg jgh gks] tSlh&tSlh /k`"Vrkiw.kZ ckrsa dj
,rLekRdkj.kké Roka ?kkr;kfe ojkuusA jgh gks] muds cnys esa dBksj naM nsuk gh mfpr gS] u fd ,d lk/kkj.k çk.knaMAß
o/kkgk±eoekukgka feF;kçozftrs jrke~AA ,slk dgdj Øks/k ds vkos'k esa Hkjs gq, jko.k us fQj lhrk ls bl çdkj dgk] Þ;g
i:"kk.khg okD;kfu ;kfu ;kfu czohf"k eke~A fLFkfr vfuf'pr dky rd ugha py ldrhA tc eSa rqEgsa ;gk¡ yk;k Fkk] eSaus
rs"kq rs"kq o/kks ;qDrLro eSfFkfy nk:.k%AA vf/kd ls vf/kd ckjg eghus dh vof/k NwV nh FkhA mlds vuqlkj eq>s dsoy nks
}kS eklkS jf{krO;kS es ;ks·of/kLrs e;k Ñr%A eghuksa dh çrh{kk vkSj djuh gSA rRi'pkr~ rqEgsa esjh 'k¸;k ij vkuk gh gksxkA
rr% 'k;uekjksg ee Roa ojoÆ.kfuAA vr,o] ;kn j[kks& ;fn nks eghus ckn rqe eq>s viuk ifr cukuk Lohdkj u
}kE;kew/k± rq eklkH;ka HkrkZja ekefuPNrhe~A djksxh] rks esjs jlksb;s rqEgsa ?klhV dj ikd'kkyk esa ys tk;sxa s vkSj esjs dysos ds
ee Roka çkrjk'kkFkZekjHkUrs egkulsAA V.22.2-6,8,9 fy, rqEgkjs VqdMÛ&s VqdMÛs dj Mkysxa As Þ
lhrk ds ;s dBksj opu lqudj] jk{kljkt jko.k us mudks ;g vfç; mÙkj bl çdkj dh /kedh ij Hkh lhrk ekuh ughaA og vf/kd míaM gks xb± vkSj
fn;k] ßyksd esa tSls tSls fL=;ksa ls vuqu;&fou; djrk gS vkSj muls fç; e/kqj dBksj opuksa }kjk jko.k dks cqjk Hkyk dgus yxhaA
ckrsa dj mudk ân; thrus dh ps"Vk djrk gS] oSl&s oSls og mudk fç; gks tkrk vos{kek.kks oSngs ha dksilajDrykspu%A
gSA ;gh rks lalkj dk fu;e gSA tc ,d egku O;fDr tkdj fdlh NksVh lh fd'kksjh mokp jko.k% lhrka Hkqt³~x bo fu%'olu~AA
ls I;kjh&I;kjh ckrsa djrk gS] rks og Qwyh ugha lekrh vkSj lksprh gS]a êSa fdruh vu;sukfHklaiéeFkZghueuqor z As
HkkX;'kkyh gw¡A* Bhd gh] og bl iq#"k dh vksj f[kapus yxrh gSA ijUrq esjk HkkX; uk'k;kE;ge| Roka lw;%Z lU/k;kfeokstlkAA V.22.30,31
,slk dgk¡\ eSa rqels T;ks&a T;ksa ehBs opu cksyrk gw¡] R;ks&a R;ksa rqe esjk frjLdkj jko.k us Øks/k ls yky&yky vk¡[ksa djds fonsg dqekjh lhrk dh vksj ns[kk
djrh tkrh gks vkSj udkjrh gksA eq>s rqe ij Øks/k vkrk gS] vUrr% eSa rks n'kkuu vkSj Q¡Q q dkjrs gq, liZ ds leku lk¡l [khap dj cksyk] ßvU;k;h vkSj fu/kZu euq";
jko.k gw¡] rhu yksdksa dks =kl nsus okykA esjs fy, dqN Hkh vuqiy{; ugha gSA Lo;a dk vuqlj.k djus okys ukjh! tSls lw;Z nso vius rst ls çkr%dkyhu jkf= ds
çÏfr Hkh eq>ls Hk;Hkhr gSA lw;]Z pUæ] rkjkx.k] ok;q vkSj vfXu Hkh esjh lsok esa vU/kdkj dk uk'k dj nsrk gS] mlh çdkj eSa vkt rsjk fouk'k fd;s nsrk gw¡AÞ
rRij jgrs gSAa fQj Hkh vkdj eSa rqEgkjs pj.kkas ij iMÛrk gw¡A esjs nlksa 'kh'k rqEgkjs lhrk ls ,slk dg dj jko.k us Hk;adj fn[kkbZ nsus okyh leLr jk{kfl;ksa dh
pj.kksa esa ykSVrs gSAa ijUrq bl ij Hkh rqEgkjk fny ugha ilhtrk vkSj rqe viuh gB vksj ns[kk] tks mu ij igjk ns jgha FkhaA ;s jk{kfl;k¡ mlds vUr%iqj dh fL=;ksa ls fHkék
ugha NksMÛrhaA eSa nks Hkkokos'kksa esa Q¡lk gqvk gw¡A ,d vksj rqEgkjs çfr çse vkSj vklfDr Fkha] tks jkfu;k¡ vkSj jktdqekfj;k¡ Fkha] ftudks og egyksa ls vigj.k djds yk;k Fkk
vkSj nwljh vksj Øks/k vkSj vçlékrkA L=h tkfr dh ,d NksVh lh gLrh esjk

vkSj fQj ftudks mlus viuh ç.k;&dykvksa ls vkSj fuiq.krk }kjk viuk cuk fy;k ßçse ds jgL;ksa esa ls ;g Hkh ,d gS]Þ og dgrh gS] ßfL=;ksa ds lkFk O;ogkj
FkkA fdUrq] ;s jk{kfl;k¡ rks Øjrkiw.kZ] dBksj ân; vkSj nklh eukso`fÙk dh FkhaA muds :i djrs ;g ;kn j[ksa fd ukjh tkfr ds O;ogkj esa vkuUn lgò xq.kk c<Û tkrk gS
jax ek= ls lhrk dks Mj yxrk FkkA ;gk¡ dfo viuh fouksnh rjax esa vkdj mu nkfl;ksa ;fn L=h bPNqd lg;ksfxuh gksA ;fn blds foijhr gks] rks iq#"k vo'; tysxk]Þ
ds :i&jax dk o.kZu djrk gS % tc jk{klh us ,slk dgk vkSj mls nwljh vksj og gVk ys xbZ] rc jko.k egy dh
,dk{khesdd.kk± p d.kZçkoj.kka rFkkA vksj ykSV iMÛkA
xksd.kh± gfLrd.kh± p yEcd.khZdÆ.kdke~AA ;q¼ dkaM esa jko.k ,d ;q¼ lEcU/kh lHkk cqykrk gS vkSj lHkklnksa ls ijke'kZ
gfLrik|'oik|kS p xksinha iknpwfydke~A ek¡xus dk vfHku; djrk gS vkSj iwNrk gS bl çdkj ds ladV mifLFkr gksus ij D;k
,dk{khesdiknha p i`Fkqiknheiknqdke~AA djuk pkfg,\ jko.k ds ijke'kZ ek¡xus dk <ax Jh jke jke ds <ax ls loZFkk fHkék gSA
vfrek=kL;us=ka p nh?kZftºokeftfºodke~AA Jh jke leL;k dks fe=ksa ds lkeus ,d rVLFk 'kSyh esa çLrqr djrs gSAa foHkh"k.k ds
vukfldka flageq[kha xkse[ q kha lwdjheq[khe~A vkxeu ij] mUgksua s vius ikl mifLFkr yksxksa ls iwNk fd os crk;s]a mUgsa D;k
;Fkk e}'kxk lhrk f{kça Hkofr tkudhAA djuk pkfg,A ;|fi jke mldks Lohdkj djus ds fy, n`<Ûfu'p;h Fks] ijUrq mUgksua s
nwljksa ij bl ckr dks çdV ugha fd;k vkSj u gh çR;{k :i ls ,slk dqN dgkA
rFkk dq:r jk{klL;% lokZ% f{kça lesR; pA
çfryksekuqykse'S o lkeknkukfnHksnuS%AA jko.k vius efU=;ksa dks crkrk gS fd fdl çdkj mlus lhrk dk vigj.k fd;k
vkSj fdl çdkj vU; fL=;ksa ds dkj.k 'kki dk Hkkxh cukA og cksyk] ßvki yksx
vkotZ;r oSngs ha n.ML;ks|eusu pA
eq>s crk;sa D;k djuk mfpr gksxk\ fdUrq] ;g u dgsa fd lhrk dks NksMÛ nw¡A eSua s
bfr çfrlekfn'; jk{klsUæ% iqu% iqu%AA
bruk lc dqN d"V mBk;k gS vkSj vius pfj= dks dyafdr fd;k gS] viuh
dkeeU;qijhrkRek tkudha i;ZrtZ;r~A V. 22.33,34
çfr"Bk dks [kks;k gSA D;k bruk lc dqN gksus ij lhrk dks [kks nw¡\ vki yksx ,slk
mlus ,d vk¡[k okyh] ,d dku okyh] yEcs dkuksa ls vius 'kjhj dks <d ysus
ijke'kZ ns]a ftlls esjk vf/kdkj ml ij cuk jgsAÞ mldks rks ;g iwoZ fuf'pr
okyh] xkS ds ls dkuksa okyh] gkFkh ds leku dkuksa okyh] yEcs dkuksa okyh] fcuk dku
ijke'kZ pkfg, Fkk] ,slk ijke'kZ] ftlds lkFk dMÛh 'krZ Hkh tqMÛh gqbZ FkhA
okyh] gkFkh ds leku iSjksa okyh] ?kksMÛs ds leku iSj okyh] xk; ds leku iSj okyh] ,d
vk¡[k okyh] eksVs iSj okyh] fcuk iSj okyh] eksVs iSjksa okyh] cgqr cMÛs Lru okyh] b;a p n.Mdkj.;kækeL; efg"kh fç;kA
fo'kky eq[k vkSj us= okyh] yEch thHk okyh] fcuk ukd ds flag ds leku eq[k okyh] j{kksfHk'pfjrkís'kknkuhrk tudkRetkAA VI.12.12
xkS ds leku eq[k okyh] lwdjh ds leku eq[k okyhµ bu lc jk{kfl;ksa ls dgk] ßrqe ßnaMdkj.; ls] tks jk{klksa ds fopjus dk LFkku gS] jke dh fç; iRuh lhrk
lc yksx fey dj vFkok vyx&vyx] 'kh?kz gh ,slk ç;Ru djks] ftlls lhrk cgqr dks eSa ogk¡ ls gj yk;k gw¡AÞ
tYnh esjs o'k esa vk tk;sA vuqdwy&çfrdwy mik;ksa ls] lke] nke vkSj Hksnuhfr ls ;gk¡ ,d ckr gS] tks fo'ks"k /;ku nsus ;ksX; gS] ;fn vki ewy xzUFk i<Ûus ds
rFkk naM dk Hkh Hk; fn[kkdj lhrk dks o'k esa ykus dh ps"Vk djksAÞ fy;s bPNqd gksAa jko.k tks ckr dg jgk gS] og mlds efLr"d ds oSf/kd igyw dh
jk{kfl;ksa dks bl çdkj ckj&ckj vkKk nsdj dke vkSj Øks/k ls O;kdqy mit gSA og tkdj lhrk dks gj yk;k] rks mlds lykgdkj ;g Hkh iwN ldrk gSa
jko.k lhrk dh vksj ns[kdj xtZuk djus yxk] tSls og vHkh çgkj djus okyk gksA fd D;k ,slk djuk mlds vf/kdkj dk vfrØe.k ugha Fkk\ ;fn ,slk gS] rks og
rnuUrj] /kkU;ekfyuh ukeokyh jk{kl&dU;k] tks lqçfl¼ jko.k ds iq= vfrdk; lhrk dks ykSVkus ds fy;s ck/; gSA bl ckr dks çR;{kr% igys ls /;ku esa j[krs gq,
dh ekrk Fkh] og 'kh?kz gh jko.k ds ikl vkbZ vkSj mldk vkfyaxu djds cksyh vkSj og dgrk gS] ßeSa lhrk dks ftl tuLFkku ls yk;k gw¡] ogk¡ gekjs gh yksxksa dk okl
mlus mldk Øks/k 'kkUr dj fn;kA vU; ckrksa ds vfrfjDr] mlus ,d ,slh ckr gSA og tuLFkku rks gekjh lhek dh ,d pkSdh gSA ;g jk{klksa dk LoNUn fopj.k
dgh] ftldh vksj eSa fo'ks"k /;ku fnykuk pkgw¡xkA dk {ks= gSA lhrk blesa ikbZ xbZA vr,o] og esjk oS/k f'kdkj gSAÞ rRi'pkr~ og
vius gh yksxksa ds le{k Li"V 'kCnksa esa lhrk ds çfr viuh vklfDr ?kksf"kr djrk
vdkeka dke;kuL; 'kjhjeqirI;rsAA
gSA D;k vkius dHkh vius futh thou es]a vius fdlh xqIr çse lEcU/kksa dks bl
bPNUrha dke;kuL; çhfrHkZofr 'kksHkukAA V.22.42,43

çdkj çdV :i ls çdkf'kr djrs lquk gS\ ;gk¡ ,d O;fDr ,slk gS] tks brus [kqys eq>ls ,d o"kZ dk le; ek¡xk gSA bl chp esa og vius ifr dh çfr{kk djsxhA eSua s
<ax ls nwljs dh iRuh ds çfr ,d vuSfrd djrwr dks bruh fuyZTtrkiwod Z bl lhrk ds bl lqUnj opu dks lqudj mls iw.kZ djus dh çfrKk dh gSAÞ
ckr dk f<a<ksjk ihVdj dgrk gS fd mlus vius miHkksx ds fy;s ,d ijL=h dk Vhdkdkj bl ij vkifÙk djrs gSAa lhrk us dHkh dksbZ vof/k ugha ek¡xh FkhA
vigj.k fd;k gS vkSj iwNrk gS fd os crk;sa fd fdl çdkj bl mís'; dh iw£r gks mUgksua s dHkh vius eq[k ls ;g Hkh ugha dgk] ßeq>s ,d o"kZ dk le; nksA ;fn brus
ekuks ;g efU=;ksa dk dÙkZO; curk gS fd fdl çdkj ls mudk t?kU; vfHkçk; fnu rd Jh jke ugha vk;s] rks eSa rqEgkjh gks tkÅ¡xhAÞ Vhdkdkj bl fcUnq ij tksj
fl¼ gksA og vkxs dgrk gS] ßfdUrq og eUnxkfeuh lhrk esjh 'k¸;k ij vkuk gh nsrs gSa D;ksfa d muds fopkj ls lhrk dk bl çdkj dk çLrko loZFkk vuqfpr gSAa os
ugha pkgrh gSA esjh n`f"V esa rhuksa yksdksa esa lhrk ds leku nwljh dksbZ lqUnjh ugha dHkh ,slk ugha dg ldrhaA mUgksua s rks lnk frjLdkj iwodZ jko.k ds t?kU; çLrko
gSAÞ og lhrk ds pj.k gS]a ftu ij mldh n`f"V lcls vf/kd terh gSA og dgrk gS % dks Bqdjk;kA jko.k us Lo;a gh viuh vksj ls mUgsa ,d o"kZ dk volj fn;k FkkA ;gk¡
lqyksfgrrykS 'y{.kkS pj.kkS lqçfrf"BrkSA jko.k us lHkklnksa ds lkeus viuh Hkwjh mnkjrk fn[kkus ds fy;s vlR; cksykA 'krZ]
n`"V~ok rkezu[kkS rL;k nhI;rs es 'kjhjt%AA VI.12.15 tks jko.k us vius efU=;ksa ls dh Fkh] og ;g Fkh fd og lhrk dks vius gkFk ls
ßmlds pj.kksa ds ryqos yky jax ds gSAa nksuksa iSj lqUnj fpdus vkSj lqMkSy gS]a tkus ugha nsxkA
rFkk mlds u[k rk¡cs tSls yky gSAa lhrk ds mu pj.kksa dks ns[kdj esjh dkekfXu vns;k p ;Fkk lhrk o/;kS n'kjFkkRetkSAA
çTTofyr gks mBrh gSAÞ HkoföeZU«;rka eU=% lquhfr'pkfHk/kh;rke~AA VI.12.25,26
vc nks 'kCn ,sls fo"k; esa gS]a ftu ij vkiesa ls cgqr yksxksa us /;ku fn;k og dgrk gS] ßvc vki yksx vkil esa lykg dhft;s vkSj dksbZ ,slh lqUnj
gksxkA çk;% fL=;ksa ds iSj lnk muds dke 'kkjhfjd <k¡ps ds vuq:i ugha gksrAs uhfr crkb;s] ftlls lhrk dks ykSVkuk u iMÛs rFkk nksuksa n'kjFk dqekj ekjs tk;sAa Þ
fo/kkrk fdlh u fdlh vax esa dqN nks"k Mky gh nsrk gSA çk;% fL=;ksa ds iSj nks"k og pkgrk gS fdlh çdkj jke vkSj y{e.k dk o/k gks tk;sA eaf=x.k vkil
jfgr ugha gksr&s ;k rks maxfy;ksa ds chp vf/kd txg gksrh gS ;k ,d rjQÛ nwljh esa lykg djds fdlh fu'p; ij igq¡p tk;s]a rks lwfpr djsa bu nksuksa y{;ksa dh iw£r
ls Å¡ph gksrh gSa vFkok maxfy;k¡ cMÛh cs<xa h rjg ls tqMÛh gksrh gS ;k dqN vf/kd fdl çdkj gks\
vyx&vyx gksrh gSAa lhrk ds iSjksa ds fujh{k.k esa jko.k dh n`f"V cMÛh iSuh FkhA og lhrk ds çfr mldh ;g xgu vklfDr lcdks fofnr FkhA mlus Lo;a Hkh
:i dk dq'ky ikj[kh Fkk vkSj mlds fu.kZ; ds vuqlkj lhrk ds pj.k iw.kZr;k nks"k bldks xqIr j[kus dk ç;kl ugha fd;kA tc bUæftr us lhrk dh ek;koh vkÏfr
jfgr FksA cukdj guqeku ds lkeus mldk o/k fd;k Fkk] rc guqeku nkSMÛ&s nkSMÛs Jh jke ds
méla onua oYxq foiqya pk:ykspue~A ikl x, Fks vkSj bldh lwpuk mudks nh FkhA mlh {k.k Jh jke dks Hkh fo'okl gks
i';aLrnk o'LrL;k% dkeL; o'kesf;oku~AA x;k vkSj os ew£PNr gks x,A cMÛh dfBukbZ ls mUgsa gks'k esa yk;k x;kA dqN gh nsj
Øks/kg"kZlgk;su nqoZ.kZdj.ksu pA ckn foHkh"k.k ogk¡ igq¡prs gSa vkSj fLFkfr dk vkdyu djus ds i'pkr~ mUgksua s ;g
'kksdlUrkifuR;su dkesus dyq"khÑr%AA crk;k fd ;g fuf'pr gh muds /kwrZ Hkrhts dh djrwr jgh gksxhA mlh us lhrk dh
lk rq laoRlja dkya eke;kor Hkkfeuh A ek;koh vkÏfr cukdj guqeku ds le{k mldk o/k fd;k gksxkA fQj os Jh jke dks
çrh{kek.kk HkrkZja jkeek;rykspukAA vk'oLr djrs gSa fd jko.k lhrk dks dnkfi ugha ekjsxkA
rUe;k pk:us=k;k% çfrKkra op% 'kqHke~AA VI.12.17-20
vfHkçk;a rq tkukfe jko.kL; nqjkReu%A
ßÅ¡ph ukd vkSj fo'kky us=ksa ls lq'kksfHkr mlds fueZy ,oa euksgj eq[k dk
lhrka çfr egkckgks u p ?kkra dfj";frAA
voyksdu djds eSa vius o'k esa ugha jg x;k gw¡A dke us eq>s vius v/khu dj
;kP;ekuLrq cgq'kks e;k fgrfpdh"kq.Z kkA
fy;k gS] tks Øks/k vkSj g"kZ& nksuksa voLFkkvksa esa leku :i ls cuk jgrk gS] 'kjhj
oSnsgheqRl`tLosfr u rRÑroku op%AA
dh dkfUr Qhdh dj nsrk gS] 'kksd rFkk lUrki ds le; esa Hkh dHkh eu ls nwj ugh
uSo lkEuk u nkusu p Hksnsu dqrks ;q/kkA
gksrk] ,sls dke us esjs ân; dks dyqf"kr dj fn;k gSA fo'kky us=ksa okyh lhrk us
lk æq"Vqefi 'kD;sr uSo pkU;su dsufpr~AA VI. 84. 10-12
400 jkek;.k ds T;ksfr&LrEHk iPphlok¡ v/;k; 401

mUgksua s vpsr iMÛs gq, Jh jke ls bl çdkj dgk] ßnqjkRek] esjs HkkbZ jko.k dh
lhrk ds çfr dSlh Hkkouk;sa gS]a ;g eSa vPNh rjg tkurk gw¡A og mudk o/k dnkfi
ugha djsxkA eSua s mldk fgr djus dh bPNk ls u tkus fdruh ckj ;g vuqjks/k
fd;k fd fonsgdqekjh dks NksMÛ nksA eSua s mls psrkouh Hkh nh fd lhrk dks ogk¡ j[kus iPphlok¡ v/;k;
dk ifj.kke D;k gksxk& lEiw.kZ yadk dk fouk'k! fdUrq mlus esjh ckr ugha ekuhA
og lhrk dks dksbZ gkfu ugha igq¡pk;sxk D;ksfa d og vc Hkh vk'kk djrk gS vkSj
lhrk
mldh vklfDr bl lhek rd igq¡p xbZ gS fd og lhrk dks fdlh dks ns[kus Hkh ugha
nsrkA lhrk dks vU; iq#"k lke&nke&naM&Hksn }kjk Hkh ugha ns[k ldrkA fQj ;q¼
dh rks ckr gh D;k\ lhrk dks og ;gk¡ ekjus ugha yk;k gS (dnkfpr~~ bldk lhrk ds lkekU; ifjp; ds :i esa eSa dsoy nks 'kCn dgw¡xkA ;|fi ;g ckr eSa
vUr£ufgr vFkZ ;g gS fd lhrk vUrr% mldh e`R;q dk dkj.k cusxh)AÞ
igys Hkh dg pqdk gw¡] fQj og Hkh iqu#fDr ds ;ksX; gSA dksbZ Hkh L=h ftlds
fdUrq] ,slk vafdr djus esa foHkh"k.k Hkh dqN vfrjatuk dj jgk FkkA tSlk lEcU/k esa eSua s i<Ûk gS vkSj fuf'pr :i ls dksbZ Hkh L=h] ftldks eSua s çR;{k :i ls
fd eSa igys crk pqdk gw¡] tc bUæftr ds o/k ds ckn jko.k dh fuÏ"V Hkkouk;sa ns[kk gS] okYehfd dh lhrk dh ifjdYiuk ds lehi ugha igq¡prhA dfo us lhrk dks
mHkj vkb±] mldh ik'kfodrk esa nl xq.kk o`f¼ gks xbZ vkSj mlus lhrk dk o/k mu lHkh vkd"kZd rRoksa ls lqlfTtr fd;k gS] ftudh fdlh L=h ds fy;s dYiuk
djus dk fu'p; fd;kA D;ksfa d ogh lc ladVksa dh tMÛ FkhA ml le; lhrk us dh tk ldrh gSA vlhe lkSUn;Z] ân; dh xgu dkseyrk] ije d#.kk] ikfrozR;]
lkspk] ßeSa fdruh ew[kZ Fkh fd eSua s guqeku ds fo'kky ân; çLrko dks ugha ekukA mRÏ"V cqf¼erk] vfer] eukscy] lgu'khyrk (lhrk us D;k dqN ugha >syk)& os
ml le; eSa ,d mPp Hkkouk esa vVd xbZAÞ vr,o] foHkh"k.k dk ;g dFku fd bu lc xq.kksa ls lEiék FkhA os çÏfr dk ,slk foy{k.k ojnku Fkha] tks loFkkZ
jko.k fdlh Hkh n'kk esa lhrk dks ekjuk ugha pkgsxk] rF; ls dqN gVdj FkkA ijUrq fu:iek FkkA muds leku u dksbZ gqvk gS] u gks ldrk gSA
og dqN lhek rd Bhd Hkh FkkA foHkh"k.k dh lgt Hkkouk lp Fkh D;ksfa d ;|fi vkb;s] igys muds thou ds lq[kh dky dh dqN ppkZ djsAa fQj 'kh?kz gh gesa
jko.k us lhrk dk o/k djus dk ç;Ru fd;k] ij vUr rd og ,slk dj ugha ldkA mUgsa ,d 'kksdlUrIr ukjh ds :i esa ns[kuk iMÛxs k& ,d ,slh ukjh] ftldks lkaRouk
lqik'oZ us vkdj mldks ;g dg dj jksd fn;k fd mls lhrk ds ctk; jke dk gh çnku djus okyk Hkh vkl ikl dksbZ u FkkA tks dqN Hkh ogk¡ fn[kkbZ nsrk Fkk] og
o/k djuk pkfg,A bl çLrko ls jko.k dh ohjksfpr Hkkouk;sa Åij mHkj vkb±A dqfRlr vkSj ?k`f.kr Fkk vkSj tks dqN Hkh mUgsa jko.k ls lquus dks feyk] og vR;Ur
;|fi jko.k us lhrk dks lekIr djus dk n`<Û fu'p; Hkh cuk fy;k Fkk] fQj Hkh ,d ihMÛk igq¡pkus okyk FkkA mldh ppkZ ge vkxs djsxa As ;fn TÛkjk Bgj dj ge ml
NksVh lh ckr mldh ;kstuk dks foQy djus ds fy;s i;kZIr FkhA dky dh ppkZ djs]a tc os lq[kh Fkha] v;ks/;k esa ugha] vfirq lkezkT; ls cgqr nwj]
ou esAa lkezkT; dk muds fy;s dksbZ egRo u Fkk] muds fy;s rks jke gh lc dqN
FksA tgk¡ jke Fks] ogk¡ mudk LoxZ FkkA ;fn jke muds lkFk ugha Fks] rks lc dqN
çfrdwy FkkA fdUrq muds v;ks/;k ds thou esa Hkh dkQÛh dqN gS] tks /;ku nsus
;ksX; gS D;ksfa d ogk¡ lhrk vius xq.kksa ls nhIr gSA fdUrq blds iwoZ ,d fcUnq ij
vkidk /;ku vkdf"kZr d:¡xk] ftldk lEcU/k dkO; ds jpf;rk ls vf/kd gS]
lhrk dh vis{kkA ;g mu yksxksa ds nq%[kn vuqHkoksa esa ls ,d gS] ftudh iqf=;k¡
fookg;ksX; gks tkrh gSA cU/kqvksa dh Js.kh esas rks lhrk ,d jRu FkhaA fdlh dks Hkh
muds fookg ds lEcU/k esa dksbZ fpUrk gksuh ugha pkfg, FkhA fQj Hkh tud dks
muds fookg ds fo"k; esa fpUrk D;ksa gqb\Z tc dFkk esa igys igy gesa tud dk
ifjp; feyrk gS] rks dfo mudh fpUrk dk dksbZ mYys[k ugha djrkA
401

Hkjr ds fp=dwV ls ykSV tkus ds i'pkr~ jke us fp=dwV esa jguk mfpr u dgha gksxa hA dnkfpr~~ rF; rks ;g gS fd okYehfd ds le; esa dU;kvksa ds fy;s
le>kA os vf= eqfu ds vkJe eas igq¡pAs ogk¡ mudh iRuh vuql;w k us mudk Lokxr mi;qDr oj [kkstuk vR;Ur dfBu gks x;k FkkA ml le; dU;kvksa ds firkvksa dh
lRdkj fd;kA vuql;w k }kjk iwNs tkus ij vkJe esa lhrk mUgsa vius tUe ls ysdj fpUrk lpeqp vf/kd c<Û xbZ FkhA okYehfd blh fLFkfr dks ihNs ys tk dj blh
dFkk lqukrh gS]a fookg rd] ftldks os ^Lo;aoj* dk uke nsrh gSAa os Ng o"kZ dh çdkj ds Hkko tud ij vkjksfir djrs gS]a tSls fd muds le; esa çpfyr FksA
vYiifjiDo vk;q esa gh* bruh cqf¼erh Fkha fd os ifr la;ksx lqyHkk FkhaA os ijUrq] ckr brus ij gh lekIr ugha gksrhA okYehfd dks ;g fo"k; bruk fç; gS fd
dgrh gSa % os dky esa vkSj Hkh ihNs pys tkrs gSA blls Hkh igys] tc jko.k dk ukuk] jk{kl
ifrla;ksxlqyHka o;ks n`"V~ok rq es firkA lqekyh viuh iq=h dSdlh ds fy, oj [kkst jgk Fkk] mls Hkh blh çdkj dh
fpUrkeH;xeíhuks foÙkuk'kkfnok/ku%AA dfBukbZ dk lkeuk djuk iMÛk FkkA ;s ckrsa Lo;a czãk ds ,d ;k nks ih<Ûh ckn dh gSa
ln`'kkPpkiÑ"VkPp yksds dU;kfirk tukr~A vkSj tula[;k bruh tYnh rsTÛkh ls ugha c<Ûh gksxhA lqekyh viuh iq=h ls dgrk
ç?k"kZ.keokIuksfr 'kØs.kkfi leks HkqfoAA gS %
rka /k"kZ.kkenwjLFkka nz"V~ok pkRefu ikfFkZo%A iqf= çnkudkyks·;a ;kSoua rs·frorZrAs
fpUrk.kZoxr% ikja ukllknkIyoks ;FkkAA II.118.34-36 çR;k[;kukPp HkhrSLRoa u ojS% çfrx`álsAA
ßtc firk us ns[kk fd esjh voLFkk fookg ;ksX; gks xbZ] rc mUgsa cMÛh fpUrk RoRÑrs p o;a losz ;fU=rk /keZc) q ;%A
gqbAZ tSls dek;s gq, /ku dk uk'k gks tkus ij fu/kZu euq"; dks cgqr nq%[k gksrk gS] Roa fg loZx.q kksir
s k Jh% lk{kkfno iqf=dsAA
mlh çdkj os esjs fookg dh fpUrk ls nq%[kh gq,A lalkj esa dU;k ds firk dks] pkgs dU;kfir`Roa nq%[ka fg los"Z kka ekudk³~f{k.kke~A
og Hkwry ij bUæ fd rqY; D;ksa u gks in] oSHko] çfr"Bk vkfn ls lEiék gks] ;fn u Kk;rs p d% dU;ka oj;sfnfr dU;dsAA
mldh iq=h vfookfgr gks] rks vius ls fuEu ntsZ ds yksxksa ls Hkh vieku >syuk ekrq% dqya fir`dy q a ;= pSo çnh;rsA
iMÛrk gSAÞ dqy=;a lnk dU;k la'k;s LFkkI; fr"BfrAA VII.9.7-10
dSls ,d ckfydk us bu ckrksa dks /;kuiwod Z ns[kk gksxk vkSj fdruh ckj ßcsVh! vc rqEgkjs fookg dk le; vk x;k gS] D;ksfa d bl le; rqEgkjh
bruh TÛkksjnkj ckr dgus ds fy,\ vo'; gh lhrk us tud dh euksn'kk dh ;qokoLFkk chr jgh gSA rqe bruh lqUnj] bruh euksgj] bruh çfrHkk lEiék vkSj
voyksdu fd;k gksXkkA fdUrq] ,slk mYys[k ugha gS fd tud lhrk ds fo"k; esa brus bruh fonq"kh gks] fQj Hkh eSa rqEgkjs fy;s vuqdyw oj <w¡< ugha ik jgk gw¡A rqe dgha
vf/kd fpfUrr FksA ;fn lpeqp dqN ,slh ckr gksrh] rks os oj ds fy, bruh dBksj bUdkj u dj nks] blfy, Js"B oj rqEgkjk oj.k ugha dj jgs gSAa iq=h! rqEgsa fof'k"V
ijh{kk dh ;kstuk D;ksa cukrs fd mls f'ko/kuq"k dks mBkdj ml ij çR;apk p<Ûkuh oj dh çkfIr gks] blfy, ge yksxksa us cgqr ç;Ru fd;k gSa D;ksfa d dU;knku ds
gksxh] ,d ,slk dk;Z tks igys fdlh Hkh O;fDr }kjk lEiék ugha gqvk Fkk\ fojys gh fo"k; esa ge /keZcfq ¼ j[krs gSAa rqe rks lk{kkr~ y{eh ds leku loZx.q klEiék gksA
mls mBkus Hkj ds fy, l{ke FksA mldks ifg;ksa }kjk gh [khap dj yk;k tk ldrk vr% rqEgkjk oj Hkh rqEgkjs vuq:i gksuk pkfg,A csVh! vkRelEeku dh bPNk j[kus
FkkA D;k tud us ,slk dgk gksxk] ßeSa viuh iq=h dk gkFk mlh O;fDr dks nw¡xk] tks okyksa ds fy, dU;k dk firk gksuk nq%[k dk dkj.k gksrk gS] D;ksfa d mldks vk'kadk
bl /kuq"k dks p<Ûk ldsxk\Þ bl ckr ij fo'okl ugha vkrkA fdUrq] lhrk vuql;w k cuh jgrh gS fd dgha mldh çfr"Bk u"V u gks tk;sA D;ksfa d ;g ekywe ugha gksrk
ls dgrh gS] ßog vieku lgu djus dh ?kMÛh vk igq¡ph gS] ;g ns[kdj jktk tud fd dkSu vkSj dSlk iq#"k dU;k dk oj.k djsxk] ekrk vkSj firk ds dqy vkSj ftl
fpUrk ds leqæ esa Mwc x,A tSls dksbZ ukSdk jfgr euq"; ikj ugha igq¡p ikrk gS] dqy esa dU;k nh tkrh gS] ml dqy ds fy, Hkh lnk la'k; cuk jgrk gSAÞ
mlh çdkj esjs firk Hkh fpUrk dk ikj ugha ik jgs FksAÞ eq>s rks bl ckr ij vk'p;Z blh çdkj] tc ek; dh iq=h] eUnksnjh fookg ;ksX; gks xbZ] og mldks
gksrk gSA esjs fopkj ls fuf'pr :i ls lhrk dks bl vkjksi ls eqDr fd;k tk ldrk ysdj m|kuksa esa ?kweus yxk Fkk] ;g ns[kus ds fy;s dnkfpr~~ dksbZ eNyh ty ds
gS fd lhrk us bu ckrksa ij /;ku fn;k gksxk vkSj bl çdkj dh ckrsa vuql;w k ls Åij vk tk;sA la;ksxo'k jko.k ml ekxZ ls xqTÛkj jgk FkkA mlus iwNk] ßvki dkSu
gS\a ek; mÙkj esa dgrk gS] ß;g esjh iq=h gS vkSj eSa blds fy, lq;ksX; oj [kkstus
* 'kkL=h th ds vuqlkj os dsoy Ng o"kZ Fkha] ijUrq okYehdh us ,slk dqN ugha dgkA

vk;k gw¡AÞ ,slk çrhr gksrk gS fd dfo dks bl çdkj dh Hkkouk cgqr fç; gSA tSls =qfV gksus dh lEHkkouk cuh jgrh gS] tks fd lcdks /;ku nsus ;ksX; gSA tks yksx
gh mlus ,slk dgk] jko.k g"kZ ls mNy iMÛk vkSj cksyk] ßeSa bl dU;k dks oj.k mlds ikl tkrs gS]a mudks /;ku j[kuk pkfg, fd og vU; O;fDr ds xq.kksa dh ppkZ
djus ds fy, rS;kj gw¡AÞ mlus eUnksnjh dks xzg.k djds mlds firk dks fpUrkeqDr lgu ugha dj ldrkA blhfy, jke lhrk ls dgrs gS]a ßtks yksx ,sls Å¡ps Lrj ij
fd;k vkSj firk us ÏrKrk ls vfHkHkwr gksdj] mls leqfpr ojnf{k.kk nhA ml igq¡p tkrs gS]a os fdlh dh ç'kalk lgu ugha dj ldrsA vr,o] ;fn rqe le>nkj
ojnf{k.kk esa ,d çfl¼ oLrq Fkh] ^'kfDr 'kwy]* ftldk ç;ksx jko.k us cMÛs çHkkoh gks] rks esjs ou tkus ds i'pkr~ esjh ç'kalk Hkjr ls ughsa djukAÞ D;k etsÛ dh ckr
<ax ls nks ckj y{e.k ds fo#¼ djds mls Hkkjh {kfr igq¡pkbZA ß'kfDr e;su ek;k gS fd ,d nqfu;knkjksa dh le>nkjh dh ckr dks ysdj jke vius HkkbZ ds çfr Hkh
fufgr;eks;k]Þ ;gk¡ ladrs ek;klqj dh ek;k ls fufeZr veks?k 'kfDr (VI.101.30) ds ykxw djrs gS]a ftldks os vPNh çdkj tkurs Fks vkSj ftlds çfr fdlh Hkh nqHkkZouk
fy;s gSA og 'kfDr] ftldk ç;ksx y{e.k ds fo#¼ gqvk (VI.59.108)] og czãk dk dksbZ ys'kek= dkj.k Hkh ugha FkkA ijUrq ekuo çÏfr gh ,slh gSA lhrk bu ckrksa
}kjk jko.k dks migkj Lo:i nh xbZ FkhA dks /;ku uss nsdj vuqluh dj nsrh gSA Jh jke dh ckr lqudj lhrk dks cMÛk nq%[k
v;ks/;k dkaM es]a tc jke viuh iRuh lhrk dks crkrs gSa fd mUgsa cu tkuk gqvkA muds eq[k ij vk¡lv q ksa dh /kkj cg pyh vkSj os bl çdkj dgus yxha] ßvki
gS] og dgrh gS]a ßeSa Hkh lkFk pyw¡xhAÞ jke mUgsa jksdus dk ç;Ru djrs gSa vkSj ou ou ds la=klksa vkSj d"Vksa dh ckr djrs gSa vkSj oU;i'kqvksa ds Hk; dh HkhA D;k vki
dk Hk; fn[kykrs gSAa fdUrq jke ds vusd ç;klksa ds ckotwn Hkh lhrk ugha ekurhaA dguk pkgrs gSa fd vki dh mifLFkfr esa oU;i'kq ogk¡ vk ldrs gS]a vkSj ;fn vk Hkh
jke mUgsa çlék djus ds fy;s vusd ç;Ru djrs gSA rRi'pkr~ jke ou ds la=klksa tk;a]s rks D;k os Hk; dk dkj.k cu ldrs gS\a ogk¡ eq>s fdlh çdkj dk Hk; ugha
ls Hkh mUgsa voxr djkrs gSA vBkjg 'yksdksa es]a ftudk var ÞrLekn~ nq%[kraj lrk ldrk gS] og Hkh vki tSls rstLoh iq#"k ds lehi jgus ls lkFkA tc eSa NksVh
oue~ß gS] bu 'kCnksa ls vFkok bu ls feyrs tqyrs 'kCnksa ls gksrk gSA vBkjg ckj] os lh ckfydk Fkh] esjs firk ds ?kj vusd T;ksfr"kh vk;k djrs FksA ml le; eSa
bl psrkouh dks nksgjrs gSa vkSj lkFk gh lkFk os lhrk dks nqfu;knkjh dh f'k{kk Hkh czkã.kksa ds eq[k ls igys gh ;g ckr lqu pqdh gw¡] *bl ckfydk dks vo'; gh ou
nsrs gSAa os ;g Hkh le>rs gSa fd mudh vuqifLFkfr esa muds firk] ekrk vkSj Hkjr esa jguk iMÛxs kA^ mlh le; ls esjs eu esa ou ds çfr yxko lk gks x;k gS vkSj eSa
ds çfr fdl çdkj mudk O;ogkj gksuk pkfg,A os fo'ks"k :i ls bl ij cy ns jgs ouokl ds fy, mRlkfgr jgh gw¡A ou tkus dh esjh gkfnZd bPNk gSA lk/kq iq#"kksa us
FksA fdlh Hkh O;fDr ds fy;s] tks lhrk dh txg gksrk] ;g vLokHkkfod ugha] rks Hkh] tks Hkfo";Kkrk gksrs gS]a esjs fo"k; esa ;gh ckr crk;h gSA Lo;a esjh Hkh ou tkus
vfirq iw.kZr;k ekuoh; gS fd mu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa os Hkjr ds çfr Øks/k Hkkouk j[ks]a ds fy;s cMÛh vfHkyk"kk gSA eSua s igys Hkh dbZ ckj dqN le; rd ou esa jgus dh
muls bZ";kZ djsa vkSj muds vfu"V dh dkeuk djsA ;g Hkh tc dHkh Hkjr ls lkeuk vki ls çkFkZuk dh Fkh vkSj vkidks lger Hkh dj fy;k FkkA blls vki fuf'pr
gks] rks os lksps fd Hkjr vkSj muds ifr esa fdruk vUrj gS vkSj v;ks/;koklh vkSj :i ls tku ysa fd vkids lkFk ou dks pyuk eq>s igys ls gh vHkh"V gSA blds
lEiw.kZ lkezkT; ds yksx fdrus vf/kd çlék gksr]s ;fn jke Hkjr ds ctk; jkT; fy, vc ,d lqvolj çkIr gks x;k gS] rks D;ksa u çlUrkiwod Z ge ou dks pys\a Þ
djrsA jke dks igys gh bu ckrksa dk vkHkkl FkkA vr,o] os lhrk dks le>krs gS]a rc L=h tkfr dh bl vkn'kZ çfrek ds eq[k ls dqN vR;Ur mnkÙk euksHkko
ß,slh ew[kZrk rqe er djuk] tks çk;% ,lh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa vU; fL=;k¡ djsxa hAÞ fu%l`r gksrs gSaA
_`f);qDrk fg iq:"kk u lgUrs ijLroe~A bg yksds p fir`fHk;kZ L=h ;L; egkersA
rLeké rs xq.kk% dF;k HkjrL;kxzrks eeAA II.26.25 vfönZrk Lo/kes.Z k çsR;Hkkos·fi rL; lkAA
ßçk;% le`f¼'kkyh nwljksa dh Lrqfr ugha lgu dj ikrsA blfy, dgrk gw¡ fd ,oeLekRLodka ukjha lqoÙ` kka fg ifrozrke~A
rqe Hkjr ds lkekus esjs xq.kksa dh ç'kalk u djukAÞ ukfHkjksp;ls usraq Roa eka dsugs gsru q kAA
,d lq[kh vkSj le>nkjh thou ds fy;s ;g ,d lqUnjre rF;ksa esa ls ,d HkDrka ifrozrka nhuka eka leka lq[knq%[k;ks%A
gSA tc dksbZ O;fDr Å¡ps in ij igq¡p tkrk gS] mPpf/kdkj çkIr dj ysrk gS] usrqegZfl dkdqRLFk lekulq[knq%f[kuhe~AA
çHkko'kkyh cu tkrk gS] nwljksa dks laj{k.k vkSj vkJ; nsrk gS vkSj og vius le; ;fn eka nq%f[krkesoa oua usraq u psPNflA
dk yC/kçfr"B O;fDr cu tkrk gSA ;fn dksbZ ,slk euq"; gks] rks mlesa ,d xEHkhj fo"kkefXua tya okgekLFkkL;s e`R;qdkj.kke~AA II.29.18-21

;g lp gSA ßbl yksd esa firk }kjk dU;k ty ls ladYi djds ftl iq#"k bu 'kCnksa ds fy;s lhrk dks çk;% vius dÙkZO; ls Hkkjh vfrØe.k ds fy;s
dks nh tkrh gS] og e`R;q ds i'pkr~ ijyksd esa Hkh mlh dks L=h gksrh gSA og u bl nks"kh Bgjk;k tkrk gS] mu e;kZnkvksa dk mYya?ku*] tks ,d L=h ls visf{kr ugha gS]
yksd es]a u ijyksd esa vius ifr ls fo;qDr dh tk ldrh gSA blh L=h /keZ dks vius ân; ds xgjs ls xgjs fo"kkn dks O;Dr djrs le; HkhA eSa ,sls vkjksi ls
tkurh gqb]Z eSa vkils vyx ugha jg ldrhA eSa rks vkidh /keZiRuh gw¡] mÙke /keZ fcYdqy lger ugha gw¡A eSa fuf'pr :i ls dgus dks rS;kj gw¡ fd lhrk dk vkpj.k
dk ikyu djus okyh vkSj ifrozrk gw¡] fQj D;k dkj.k gS fd vki eq>s vius lkFk fuLlUnsg bl ckr dk çek.k gS fd os ,d lPph] fu"diV] ohj {k=k.kh FkhaA
ys pyuk ugha pkgrs\ eSa vkidh HkDr gw¡A ifrozR; dk ikyu djus okyh çfrozrk vu`ra cy yksdks·;eKkuk|f) o{;frA
gw¡A vkids foNksg ls bruh nhu gks jgh gw¡] rFkk nq%[k&lq[k esa leku :i ls gkFk rstks ukfLr ija jkes rirho fnokdjsAA
c¡Vkus okyh gw¡A ;fn vki bl çdkj ls nq%[kh eq>s vius lkFk cu esa ys tkuk pkgrs] fda fg ÑRok fo"k..kLRoa dqrks ok Hk;efLr rsA
rks esjs thfor jgus dks dksbZ vkSfpR; ughaA eSa e`R;q ds fy, fo"k [kk yw¡xh] vkx esa ;RifjR;DrqdkeLRoa ekeuU;ijk;.kke~AA
dwn iMÛ¡wxh vFkok ty esa Mwc tkÅ¡xhAÞ u Roga euklkI;U;a æ"VkfLe Ron`r·s u/kA
Lej.k jgs] tc lhrk vfUre Nksj ij igq¡p xb±] rHkh os bl çdkj dh Lo;a rq Hkk;k± dkSekjha fpje/;qf"krka lrhe~A
vViVh ckr dgrh gSA ;g lp gS fd fL=;k¡ bl çdkj dh TÛ;knkfr;k¡ lgu djus 'kSy"w k bo eka jke ijsH;ks nkrqfePNflAA
dh vViVh ckr dgrh gSA la;e'kfDr iq#"kksa esa çk;% vf/kd gksrh gSA blfy, iq#"k ;L; iF;a p jkekRFk ;L; pkFks·Z :/;lsA
b/kj&m/kj tkdj dqN u dqN ;qfDr fudky ysrs gSAa fdUrq fL=;k¡ dsoy iq#"kksa ij Roa rL; Hko o';'; fo/ks;'p lnku?kAA II.30.4,5,7-9
gh vkfJr gksrh gS]a mUgha ij vius iwjs çHkko dk mi;ksx dj ldrh gSAa çk;% os ,slk ßeq>s NksMÛdj vkids pys tkus ds ckn ;fn lalkj ds yksx ;g dgus yxsa fd
gh dgsxa h] ßvkidh bPNk ;fn vki tkuk gh pkgrs gS]a rks pys tkb;sA ijUrq blds lw;Z ds leku rius okys jke esa rst vkSj ijkØe dk vHkko gS] rks mudh ;g
i'pkr~ esjk eq¡g ns[kus dh vk'kk u djsAa Þ ;g mudh vfUre ;qfDr gksrh gSA ;g vlR; /kkj.kk esjs fy;s fdrus nq%[k dh ckr gksxhA vki lksp&fopkj esa iMÛs gq, gS\a
ckr lgt gh muds efLr"d esa vk tkrh gSA dqN fL=;k¡ lpeqp ,slk dj Hkh vFkok vkidks fdlls Hk; gS] ftlds dkj.k vki viuh iRuh dks] viuh vfJr dks]
ldrh gSAa ijUrq brus ij Hkh] jke ugha fi?kysA bl ij lhrk us rkus ekjuk vkjEHk vius lkFk ugha ys tkuk pkgrs\ iw.kZr;k eSa vkidh gh gw¡A vkids pfj= cy dks
dj fn;k] tcfd igys mUgksua s vuqu;&fou; dk gh mi;ksx fd;k FkkA D;k gks x;k\ vo'; gh vkils dksbZ Hk;adj iki gqvk gS] ftlds Qy Lo:i brus
lk reqÙkelafoXuk lhrk foiqyo{kle~A grksRlkfgr gks jgs gSAa eSa fdlh vU; iq#"k dk lgkjk ysus ds fy;s rS;kj ugha gw¡A eSa
ç.k;kPpkfHkekukPp ifjfp{ksi jk?koe~AA rks vkids flok; fdlh nwljs iq#"k dks eu ls Hkh ugha ns[k ldrk gw¡A eq>s Hkjr ij
fda RokeU;r oSngs % firk esa fefFkykf/ki%A er NksfMÛ;As Þ
jke tkekrja çkI; fL=;a iq:"kfoxzge~AA II.30.2-3 os jke ds 'kCnksa dk ,d xEHkhj vkSj dBksj vFkZ ysrh gSAa tc jke us dgk]
lhrk ouokl ds fy, vius ifr ls vuqefr çkIr djus ds fy, fQj cksyhaA ßrqe Hkjr ds ikl jguk]Þ rks mudh ckr dks lh/ks vFkZ esa ysus ds ctk;] tSls fd
lhrk vR;Ur Mjh gqbZ FkhaA os çse vkSj LokfHkeku ds dkj.k jke ij vk{ksi lk djrh mldks fy;k tkuk pkfg,] os mldks dqN ?kqek&fQjk dj ysrh gSAa os dgrh gS]a
gqbZ dgus yxha] ßeq>s bl le; vius firk ;kn ;kn vk jgs gSAa mUgksua s esjs fy, oj ßftldk dqekjkoLFkk esa gh vkids lkFk fookg gks x;k Fkk vkSj vkidh N=Nk;k easa
<w¡<us ds fy, nqfu;k Nku Mkyh Fkh vkSj vUrr% vkidks çkIr fd;kA ;fn mUgksua s
* ;g xksfoUnjkt dh fVIi.kh ds lacU/k esa gS tks mUgksaus V.38.48 esa lhrk ds 'kCnksa ij dh gSµ a
;g lkspk gksxk fd mUgsa esjs fy, loksÙZ ke oj çkIr gks x;k] rks ;g mudh ukle>h
ÞeeSo nq"Ïra fdafpUegnfLr u la'k;%Aß fVIi.kh bl çdkj gS% %
FkhA D;k esjs firk fefFkykujs'k tud us vkidks tekrk ds :i esa ikdj dHkh ;g ^fdafpnfuoZpuh;e~A egíq"ÏrefLrR;usu Þfda RokeU;r oSnsg%ß bR;kfn uksDrks Hkxonipkj%AA
Hkh lkspk Fkk fd vki ukjh gS]a ,d dk;j ukjh] iq#"k dh iks'kkdÛ esa vki dsoy 'kjhj mDra fga Þdhn`'ka rq e;k ikia iqjk nsgkUrjs Kkrk Ïre~ß nsgkUrjs cky'kjhjsAA* (V.25.18)
ls gh iq#"k gS]a dk;Zdyki ls rks dsoy L=h gh gSAa Þ dqN FkksMÛk dgus ds fy;s v;ksX; egku iki Fkk lhrk }kjkA Þfda RokeU;r oSnsgß bR;kfn dgk
x;k gS & Hkxonipkj%A mUgksaus ;g Hkh dgk Fkk] Þirk ugha] eSaus iwoZtUe esa nwljs 'kjhj ls dSlk egku
iki fd;k Fkk\ß

gh ftldk ikyu&iks"k.k gqvk gS] tks fpjdky ls lkFk jgus ij bruh vkils vf/kdkj gS fd og fuHkhZd gksdj ifr ls vius eu dh ckr dg ldsA vUrr%
?kqyfey xbZ gS] mlh eq>&s viuh lrh lk/oh iRuh dks& vki ,d 'kSy"w k (vkSjr dh ifr&iRuh ,d gSAa fQj ifr dks iRuh dh Li"Vokfnrk dk D;ksa cqjk ekuuk pkfg,\
dekbZ [kkus okys uV) dh Hkk¡fr nwljs ds gkFk lkSia uh pkgrs gSAa vki eq>]s ftlds blds fy;s lhrk dks nks"kh ekuus dk vuSfrd fopkj ladh.kZeuk] {kqæk'k; O;fDr;ksa
vuqdy w pyus dh f'k{kk ns jgs gS]a mlds fy, vkidk jkT;kfHk"ksd jksd fn;k x;k] ds eu esa gh ços'k dj ldrk gSA eSa dHkh ,sls yksxksa dks {kek ugha dj ldrk] tks
mlh Hkjr ds lnk gh o'korhZ vkSj vkKkikyd cu dj vki gh jfg;s& eSa u jg blds fy, lhrk dh fuUnk djrs gSAa
ldw¡xhAÞ vkxs os dgrh gS]a ßvkids lkFk jgrs gq, eq>s dksbZ O;atu ugha pkfg,¡A lkns loksÙZ ke dlkSVh rks ;g gS fd Jh jke us lhrk dh ckr dks fdl :i esa fy;kA
ls lknk [kkuk Hkh esjs fy;s Lokfn"V vkgkj gksxkA vki vius gkFk ls ykdj FkksMÛk ;k Jh jke Hkyh çdkj tkurs Fks fd iRuh dks D;k gksuk pkfg,A D;k os lhrk dh bu
cgqr Qy&Qwy ;k iÙks tks dqN Hkh nsxa ]s ogh esjs fy, ve`r jl ds leku gksxkA ckrksa ls #"V gq, ;k vçlék\ tc mUgksua s Lo;a dqN ,slk ugha dgk] rks ge tSls
ou esa çpaM vk¡/kh ls mMÛdj] esjs 'kjhj ij tks vkidh pj.k/kwy iMÛxs h] mls eSa rqPN çk.kh ,slk dgus okys dkSu gksrs gS\a lhrk ds rkuks]a mykguksa dks Jh jke us
panu leku ekuw¡xhA tc ou ds Hkhrj jgw¡xh] rc vkids lkFk ?kkl dh 'k¸;k ij lgu fd;kA mu Jh jke us tks egku Fks] vt; Fks] /keZ ds ewr: Z i Fks] fcuk fdlh
lksÅ¡xhA ogh esjs fy;s dkyhu vkSj eqyk;e fcNkSus ds leku gksaxs] ij muls çfrfØ;k ds mUgsa lgu fd;kA vkb;s lqu]as Jh jke us D;k dgk %
vf/kd D;k lq[k gks ldrk gS! dksbZ Hkh v'kksHkuh; n`'; esjh vk¡[kksa dks d"V ugha rk ifj"oT; ckgqH;ka fo·laKkfeo nq%f[krke~A
igq¡pk;sxkA esjs fy;s vkidks dksbZ d"V ugha mBkuk iMÛxs kA eSa fdlh çdkj ls vkids mokp opua jke% ifjfo'okl;aLrnkAA
Åij HkkjLo:i u gksÅ¡xhA og LFkku tgk¡ eSa vkids lkFk jgw¡xh] pkgs dqN Hkh u nsfo ro nq%[ksu LoxZeI;kfHkjksp;sA
mldk uke gks] pkgs og dgha Hkh gks] og esjs fy;s LoxZ leku gksxkA vkids fcuk tks u fg es·fLr Hk;a fdf´pRLo;aHkksfjo loZr%AA
Hkh LFkku gks] og esjs fy, fuj; ds leku gksxkA ;g vki HkyhHkk¡fr le> yhft;sA ro loZekfHkçk;foKk; 'kqHkkuusA
eSa opu nsrh gw¡] vki lq[kh jgsxa As eSa ,d {kf=; ckfydk gw¡ vkSj eSa fdlh vU; dh okla u jksp;s·j.;s 'kfDrekufi j{k.ksAA
v/khurk Lohdkj u d:¡xh& u dSd;s h dh] u gh Hkjr dhA ;fn vki esjk ifjR;kx ;Rl`"Vkfl e;k lk/k± ouoklk; eSfFkfyA
dj nsrs gS]a rks esjk thou fujFkZd gSA eSa vkids fcuk ,d {k.k Hkh ugha jg ldrhA u fogkrqa e;k 'kD;k dhfrZjkReork ;FkkAA II.30. 26-29
fQj eq> nqf[k;k ls pkSng o"kks± rd dSls jgk tk;sxk\Þ lhrk ds opuksa dk ;fn mUgsa vk?kkr yxk gksrk] rks os ,slk u djrsA lhrk]
eSa vkids lkeus lhrk ds mRÏ"V euksHkkoksa dks O;Dr djuk pkgrk gw¡ fd tks nq%[k ds vdkj.k vpsr lh gks jgh Fkh] mUgsa nksuksa gkFkksa ls l¡Hkky dj ân; ls
viuh pje mRÏ"Vrk ds {k.kksa esa os fdu Å¡pkb;ksa dks Nw ldrh FkhaA lhrk ds bu yxk dj lkURouk nsrs gq,] Jh jke dgrs gS]a ßnsfo! rqe ,slk u dgks fd eSa LoxZ dk
fojks/k çn'kZu vkSj mykguksa ds fp=.k esa dfo us mPpre dkS'ky çn£'kr fd;k gSA lq[k Hkksxus tk jgk gw¡A rqEgsa nq%[kh ns[kdj ;fn eq>s LoxZ dk lq[k Hkh feyrk gksrk]
rtZu] euqgkj] fpjkSjh] ;kpuk] dÙkZO;ksins'k] fookg cU/ku dh ifo=rk dk çfriknu& rks eSa mls ysuk ugha pkgw¡xkA Lo;a czãk th dh Hkk¡fr eq>s fdf´pr Hkh Hk; ugha gSA eSa
;s lc ,d lxZ esa ,df=r djds lhrk ds eq[k ls dgykok, x;s gSaA ;g esjh le> tc ou dh fodjkyrk dk o.kZu dj jgk Fkk] rks eq>s dksbZ vk'kadk ugha FkhA ou esa
ls ckgj gS fd ,d m¼r iq#"k ds vfrfjDr D;k fdlh vU; dks lhrk ds dFku ij eSa rqEgkjh j{kk djus esa loZFkk leFkZ gw¡A D;ksafd eq>s vius 'kkS;Z] dkS'ky vkSj
dksbZ vkifÙk gks ldrh gS\ lhrk us tks dqN dgk] ;|fi og d.kZdVq Fkk ij og lc lrdZrk ij iwjk Hkjkslk gSA fQj Hkh rqe lksprh gksxh fd igys eSua s u D;ksa dgkA
dqN xgjs euLrki dh fLFkfr esa dgk x;k Fkk] ,d vkRelEeku okyh efgyk] tks rqEgkjs gk£nd vfHkçk; dks iw.kZ :i ls tkus fcuk] rqedks ouokfluh cukuk mfpr
{kf=; dqy esa mRiék gqbZ Fkh vkSj ftldk fookg Hkh f'kjksef.k {kf=; dqy esa gqvk u le>kA eSa Lo;a ugha tkurk Fkk fd rqe lk/kkj.k fL=;ksa dh Hkk¡fr gksxa hA vc
Fkk] ftlds ifr i`Foh ds Js"B iq#"k Fks] D;k mlds fy;s dgk tkuk pkfg, Fkk fd rqEgkjh okLrfodrk dks eSa tku x;k gw¡A eSa vo'; gh rqEgkjh bPNk dk lEeku
og dk;j] Mjiksd L=h gS] tks vius ifr ds lkFk ou esa ugha jg ldrh\ tc d:¡xkA eSa dSls rqEgsa ;gk¡ NksMÛ ldrk gw¡\ czãk us rqEgsa blh vfHkçk; ls cuk;k gSA
mUgksaus ns[kk fd Jh jke ckjEckj ,d gh ckr nksgjk jgs gSa (^rLekn~ nq%[krja Bhd mlh çdkj tSls vkReKkuh iq#"k ôlq/kSo dqVEq cde~* dh Hkkouk ls O;kIr gks
oue~*)] rks muls jgk ugha x;k vkSj mudh vUrj dh Hkkouk;sa QwV iMÛhAa muds fy;s LokHkkfod dkseyrk dk R;kx ugha dj ldrk] mlh çdkj rqe Hkh esjs ls vfHkék gksA
;g xkSjo dh ckr gS fd mUgksua s viuh os ckrsa dg Mkyha D;ksfa d ,d L=h dks ;g ;g rks fdlh çdkj lEHko gh ugha gS fd eSa ou dks u tkÅ¡A D;ksfa d firk th dk
410 jkek;.k ds T;ksfr&LrEHk NCchlok¡ v/;k; 411

dSd;s h dks fn;k x;k lR;;qDr opu gh eq>s ou dh vksj ys tk jgk gw¡A rqEgkjs n`<Û
fu'p; ds dkj.k rqEgsa naMdkj.; ys pyus ds lEcU/k es]a tks esjk igyk fopkj Fkk]
og vc cny x;k gSA vc eSa rqEgsa ou pyus dh vkKk nsrk gw¡A rqe esjh vuqxkfeuh
cuks vkSj ou esa esjs lkFk jgdj /keZ dk vkpj.k djksAÞ
NCchlok¡ v/;k;
eSa pkgrk gw¡ fd bl 'yksd dks vki ;kn j[ksa % lhrk
loZFkk ln`'ka lhrs ee LoL; dqyL; pA
O;olk;euqØkUrk lhrs Roefr'kksHkue~AA II.30.41
bl lc dgk&lquh ds vUr esa Jh jke brus iw.kZ:i ls lhrk ls lger gks tc geus lhrk dks NksMÛk Fkk] og Hkh Jh jke ds lkFk ou tkus ds fy;s mudh
x, fd os dgrs gS]a ßrqeus esjs lkFk ou pyus dk tks fu'p; fy;k gS] og rqEgkjs
Hkk¡fr gh vius lc vkHkw"k.k vkSj cgqeYw ; futh oLrqvksa dks mrkj dj R;kx dj jgh
vkSj esjs dqy ds loZFkk ;ksX; gh gSA rqels esjk dqy xkSjokfUor gqvk gSA rqEgkjs dqy
FkhaA eSua s ;g Hkh dgk Fkk fd ou esa lhrk ds igys ckjg ;k rsjg o"kZ cMÛs lq[k pSu
dh çfr"Bk Hkh c<Ûh gSA rqeus ,d dke fd;k gS vkSj eq>ls Hkh ,d dke djok;k gSA
ls O;rhr gq,] fcYdqy mudh bPNk ds vuqdwyA mfpr rks ;gh jgsxk fd ge
;g leku :i ls rqEgkjs oa'k vkSj oa'k dh ijEijk ds loZFkk vuq:i gSAÞ fQj os
vj.; dkaM ds mu va'kksa ij dqN Bgjs]a tks fd bl vof/k ls lEc¼ gSAa ijUrq ou
lhrk ls dgrs gS]a ßvc ge vkSj rqe iw.kZr;k bl ckr ij lger gks pqds gSa fd ge
ds pj.k ij igq¡pus esa dqN le;k yxsxk vkSj ou igq¡pus ls iwoZ dh ?kVuk;sa /;ku
ou dks lkFk&lkFk tk;sAa eSua s viuk lc /ku vkSj lEifÙk czkã.kksa dks nku dj nh
vkdf"kZr djus okyh gSA muesa i;kZIr lkexzh gS] ftuls geas ;g irk yxkus esa
gS vkSj rqe Hkh ,slk gh djksAÞ
lgk;rk feyrh gS fd os fdl&fdl LFkku ls gksdj ou esa igq¡pAs
rr% çâ"Vk ifjiw.kZeulk ;'kfLouh HkrZjq os{; Hkkf"kre~A Jh jke v;ks/;kiqjh dks NksMÛdj Ükàxosjiqj igq¡ps] tgk¡ fu"kknkjt xqg us
/kukfu jRukfu p nkrqe³~xuk çpØes /keZHk`rka eufLouhAA II.30.47 mudk Lokxr fd;kA jkf= O;rhr gksus ds ckn] tc çHkr gqvk] Jhje dh vkKkuqlkj
rnuUrj viuk euksjFk iwjk gks tkus ls vR;Ur g"kZ esa Hkjh gqbZ ;'kfLouh ,oa xqgjkt us ukosa eaxkbZ vkSj cMÛh&cMÛh ukoksa dks xaxkrV ds mÙkjh fdukjs ij [kMÛk dj
eufLouh lhrk us vius Lokeh ds opuksa ij fopkj djds czkã.kksa dks /ku vkSj jRuksa fn;kA ;gk¡ ,d jkspd va'k gS] ftldk vFkZ dqN fHkék&fHkék :i ls yxk;k tk
dk nku djus ds fy;s rS;kj gks xb±A mUgksua s viuk lc dqN nku esa nsuk vkjEHk ldrk gSA ijUrq eq>s rks ,slk yxrk gS fd mldk vFkZ loZFkk Li"V gS vkSj
dj fn;kA mUgksua s lc lkt&lTtk lkexzh mrkj MkyhA ouxeu ds volj ij og oSdfYid vFkZ dh dksbZ xqt a kb'k gh ughs gSA eSa bldk mYys[k blfy, ughas dj jgk
cgqr gYdh gks xb±] ftlls os ifr ds fy, fdlh çdkj dh fpUrk dk dkj.k u cusa gw¡ fd og lhrk ds pfj= ds fdlh igyw dks n'kkZus ds fy, vko';d gS] ijUrq fp=
vkSj mudh lsok ds fy, ;FkklEHko mi;ksxh gks ldsAa dks iwjk Hkjus ds fy;s lEHkor% ;g vko';d gks fd ge Hkyh Hkk¡fr le> ldsa fd
ouokl dh vof/k esa jke] lhrk vkSj y{e.k us fdl çdkj dk thou O;rhr fd;k
vkSj fdl çdkj os lax&lax fopjsA ukSdk rS;kj gS vkSj jke y{e.k ls dgrs gSa %
vkjksg Roa ujO;k?zk fLFkrka ukofeeka 'kuS%A
lhrka pkjksi;kUo{ka ifjxzá eufLouhe~A~ A II.52.75
;s 'kCn fcYdqy Li"V gS]a ßrqe ukSdk ij igys p<Ûuk vkSj ukSdk fLFkj gks
tkus ij mls n`<Ûrk vkSj lko/kkuh ls idMÛdj /khjs ls vUnj igq¡p tkukA rRi'pkr~
rqe dq'kyiwod Z ukSdk ij p<Û tkvks] ,d mi;qDr LFkku ij [kMÛs gksdj eufLouh
lhrk dks p<Ûus esa lgk;rk djukAÞ
Vhdkdkj dgrk gS fd dfo }kjk eufLouh 'kCn dk ç;ksx dqN vlkekU;
vFkZ esa fd;k x;k gSA tSlk fd eSa ;nk&dnk Li"V d:¡xk] dfo dk dqN LoHkko gh
411

gS] 'kCnksa dk v/kZ O;aX;kRed <ax ls ç;ksx djukA tc ;g ;gk¡ lhrk ds fy;s jke Hkh ml uko ij p<Ûdj] vius fgr ds mís'; ls czkã.k vkSj {kf=; ;ksX;
êufLouh* 'kCn dk ç;ksx djrk gS] mldk okLrfod vk'k; gS fd lhrk ^Hkh:* gS] eU=ksa dk ti djus yxs] ftlls os nsorkx.k ds Ïikik= cusAa fQj 'kkL=fof/k ds
u fd n`<Û ladYi okyh] tSlk fd lkeU;r% bl 'kCn ls ladrs feyrk gS] ßlhrk dks vuqlkj lcus ifo= xaxkty ls vkpeu fd;kA HkkxhjFkh ds chp igq¡pdj lhrk us
ukSdk ij p<Ûus esa rqe lgk;rk djuk] tc rqe Lo;a p<Û pqds gksAÞ vxys 'yksd ls gkFk tksMÛdj xaxk th ls çkFkZuk dh] ßJh jke esjs rFkk vius HkkbZ lfgr ykSVdj
irk py tkrk gS fd y{e.k us D;k fd;kA iqu%v;ks/;kiqjh esa ços'k djsAa Þ bl çdkj çkFkZuk djrh gqb]Z lhrk th 'kh?kz gh nf{k.k
l Hkzkrq% 'kklua JqRok loZeçfrdwy;u~A rV ij tk igq¡phaA fdukjs ij igq¡pdj jke us uko NksMÛ nh vkSj y{e.k rFkk lhrk
vkjksI; eSfFkyha iwoeZ k:jksgkReokaLrr%AA II.52.76 ds lkFk vkxs çLFkku fd;kA Jh jke xaxk dks ikj djds Øe'k% oRlns'k ç;kx tk
dfo Li"Vr;k rks dqN dgrk ugha gS] og ge ij NksMÛ nsrk gS ;g le>us ds igq¡pAs ç;kx esa xaxk ;equk ds laxe ds lehi Hkj}kt dk vkJe FkkA eqfu }kjk
fy, fd D;ksa y{e.k us jke ds vkns'k dk v{kj'k% ikyu ugha fd;kA mUgksua s vius mudk vfrfFk lRdkj gqvkA eqfu us mUgsa fp=dwV ioZr ij Bgjus dk lq>ko fn;k
HkkbZ }kjk crk, x, Øe dks myV fn;kA ,slk çrhr gksrk gS fd muds vuqlkj ;g vkSj ekxZ Hkh crk;kA
Øe csgrj FkkA ,slh ckrksa esa y{e.k dks O;kogkfjd Kku vf/kd FkkA dfo dgrk gS] vc eSa vU; unh] dkfyUnh (;equk) ij vk jgk g¡Aw xaxk dks ikj djus ds
^loZeçfrdwy;u~A* ;|fi tks dqN y{e.k us fd;k] og rks mYVko gh çn£'kr i'pkr~ vc mUgsa ,d mlls NksVh] fdUrq Li"V :i ls vf/kd rsTÛk cgko okyh unh
djrk gS] ijUrq dfo dgrk gS] ßfcuk mYVk fd;sAÞ eSa le>rk gw¡] vk'k; ;g gS fd dks ikj djuk iMÛkA eg£"k ds ykSV tkus ij os nksuksa HkkbZ lhrk dks vkxs djds ;equk
y{e.k us jke ds vkns'k dk rkfRod :i ls ikyu fd;k] fdUrq v{kj{k% mldk unh ds rV ij vk x,A
ikyu ugha fd;k] ;g le> dj fd og rjhdÛk csgrj vkSj vf/kd lqjf{kr gksxkA lhrkesokxzr% ÑRok dkfyUnha tXerqunZ he~A II.55.13
;g dfo dh foy{k.krkvksa esa ls ,d gS fd og ;nk&dnk 'kCnksa dk ,slk ç;ksx ;gk¡ ftl Øe ls os vkxs c<Ûs og cny x;kA ;g Øe dqN vlkekU; Fkk
djrk gS] ftlls 'kCnksa dks muds 'kkfCnd vFkks± esa ugha] vfirq vFkZ dks dqN ?kVkdj D;ksfa d igys os y{e.k ls os dgrs gSa %
gh le>uk pkfg,A ;gk¡ Vhdkdkj dgrk gS] ij ;g ;qfDr;qDr ugha yxrk fd vxzrks xPN lkSfe=s lhrk RokeuqxPNrqAA
êufLouh* vkSj ^vkReoku*& nksuksa 'kCnksa dk vfHkçsr vFkZ gSA lkekU;r% ;g vFkZ i`"Brks·ga xfe";kfe Roka p lhrka iky;u~AA II 52.95,96
fudyrk gS fd bl volj ij ;|fi y{e.k vkSj lhrk dks la;ksxo'k bruk fudV ßy{e.k! gesa futZu ou esa ukjh dh j{kk vo'; djuh pkfg,A vr% rqe
vkuk iMÛk] rFkkfi mUgksua s iw.kZr;k vkRela;e dk ikyu fd;k] gesa ;gh le>uk vkxs&vkxs pyks] lhrk rqEgkjs ihNs&ihNs pysa vkSj eSa lhrk dh vkSj rqEgkjh j{kk
gksxkA tc y{e.k us lhrk dks ukSdk ij p<Ûk;k] rks vo'; gh mUgksua s lhrk dk Li'kZ djrk gqvk lcls ihNs pyw¡xkAÞ
fd;k gksxk vkSj mUgsa n`<Ûrkiwod
Z idMÛus esa ,d ls vf/kd LFkku ij Nwuk Hkh iMÛk
;g Øe igys ds y{e.k lhrk jke Øe ls fHkék FkkA ijUrq ge vj.; dkaM
gksxkA dsoy ;g trkus ds fy;s ge viuh dYiuk dks vfu;af=r u nkSMÛus nsa vkSj
ij vkrs gS]a rks Øe blls Hkh fHkék gSA Øe vko';drkuqlkj cny fn;k tkrk FkkA
bl fØ;k esa dksbZ vU; vFkZ u yxk;s]a dfo us êufLouh* 'kCn dk ç;ksx lhrk ds
dkfyUnh dks ikj djrs le; dfo dqN vkSj >k¡fd;k¡ çLrqr djrk gSA unh rV ij
fy;s vkSj ^vkReoku* 'kCn dk ç;ksx y{e.k ds fy, fd;k gSA bl vfHkçk; ls ;fn
igq¡pdj os bl fpUrk esa iMÛ x, fd mls dSls ikj fd;k tk;sA unh dk cgko rsTÛk
dksbZ papy ço`fÙk okys O;fDr gks]a rks mudks ladrs ns fn;k tk;s fd y{e.k vkSj
Fkk vkSj dnkfpr~~ og vf/kd xgjh Hkh FkhA mldks ikj djus esa Hkh [Ûkrjk gks ldrk
lhrk& nksukas ,sls O;fDr Fks] ftudk eu iw.kZr;k fu;U=.k esa FkkA rc jke Lo;a
FkkA ijUrq os dsoy rhu tu Fks vkSj lc dke mUgsa Lo;a gh djuk FkkA
ukSdk ij p<Ûs vkSj fQj rhljs uEcj ij y{e.k p<ÛsA ;gk¡ gesa Jh jke ds
vkpkj&O;ogkj dh ,d >yd feyrh gSA rkS dk"Bl³~?kkVerks pØLrLrq egkIyoe~A II 55.14
jk?koks·fi egkrstk ukoek:á rka rr%A eSa ;s 'yksd blfy;s ns jgk gw¡ fd bu ij fo'ks"k /;ku fn;k tkuk pkfg,A
czãoR{k=oPpSo ttki fgrekReu%AA II.52.78 D;ksfa d dqN yksxksa dh ,slh /kkj.kk gS fd Jh jke ,d fuBYys n'kZd ek= Fks] tks
dsoy dk;ks± dk fujh{k.k ek= gh djrs Fks] tc dksbZ Jelk/; dk;Z gksrk FkkA

okLro esa ,slk ugha FkkA Jh jke Hkh iwjk gkFk c¡Vkrs Fks] ftlls bldk iwjk Hkkj cspkjs ds fy, cgqr dqrgw y jgrk Fkk fd ou esa lkeku ,d LFkku ls nwljs LFkku ij fdl
y{e.k ij gh u iMÛAs 'yksd ls Li"V gSA nksuksa Hkkb;ksa us taxy ds lw[ks dkB cVksj çdkj ys tk;k tk ldrk gS vkSj dkSu mls <Ûkrs k gksxk\ D;ksfa d vU; oLrqvksa ds
dj mUgha ds }kjk ,d NksVk lk csMÛk rS;kj fd;kA og lw[ks yrkvksa }kjk vfrfjDr] ftl le; mUgksua s v;ks/;k ls fonk yh Fkh] n'kjFk us vkns'k fn;k Fkk
ck¡/kk x;kA fd lhrk vius lkFk pkSng o"kks± dh vko';drkvksa dh iwfrZ ds fy;s i;kZIr ek=k esa
'kq"dSo'Z kS% lekLrhikZe'q khjs'p leko`re~A vkHkw"k.k] ifj/kku] js'keh oL= vkfn ysdj tk;sAa ;g dkQÛh Hkkj jgk gksxkA blds
rrks osrl'kk[kk'p tEcw'kk[kk'p oh;Zoku~AA vfrfjDr] nksuksa Hkkb;ksa dk viuk futh lkeku Hkh Fkk& tSls vL=] 'kL=] QkoMsÛ]
pdkj y{e.kf'NRok lhrk;k% lq[keklue~AA II 55.15,16 ck¡l] cfYy;k¡ bR;kfnA bruk lkeku dSls mBk;k tkrk jgk gksxk] bl fo"k; esa eSa
mRlqd jgk gw¡A çrhr gksrk gS fd nksuksa Hkkb;ksa us bls ck¡V dj mBk;k gksxkA
mlds Åij ?kkl fcNk;h xbZA D;ksfsa d ml csMÛs esa vkjke ls cSBus dh txg
ugha Fkh] y{e.k us csra vkSj tkequ dh Vgfu;k¡ dkV dj lhrk ds cSBus ds fy, ,d ;equk ds nf{k.k rV ij igq¡p dj] mUgksua s csMÛs dks NksMÛ fn;kA rRi'pkr~]
lq[kn vklu Hkh rS;kj fd;kA blls irk pyrk gS fd ou dh vusd dfBukb;ksa ds ldq'ky mrj dj] os foJke ds fy, pys fn;sA dfo ;gk¡ ,d >k¡dh muds thou
ckotwn Hkh] os nksuksa HkkbZ vius lkFk ykbZ gqbZ efgyk dk fo'ks"k /;ku j[krs FksA tSlk dh çLrqr djrk gS fd fdl çdkj os çlék jgrs FksA
fd L=h tkfr ds çfr lEeku mfpr Fkk] os mldks nsrs FksA ;|RQya çkFkZ;rs iq"ia ok tudkRetkAA
rÙkRçn|k oSná s k ;=kL;k jers eu%A II.55.28,29
r= fJ;feokfpUR;ka jkeks nk'kjfFk% fç;ke~A
bZ"kRlayTtekuka rke/;kjksi;r Iyoe~AA II 55.16,17 Jh jke us y{e.k dks vkns'k fn;k] ßrqe lhrk dks ysdj vkxs vkxs pyksA
ekxZ esa ;fn lhrk dks dksbZ Qy&Qwy ilUn vk;s vFkok ftl oLrq ls budk eu
Jh jke us y{eh ds leku vfpUR; ,s'o;Z okyh] viuh fç; lhrk dks] tks
çlék gks] og lc bUgsa ykdj nsrs jgksAÞ
dqN yfTtr lh gks jgh Fkh] ml csMÛs ij p<Ûk fn;kA fQj lc ml ij p<ÛAs bl ckj
y{e.k ls lgk;rk djus dks dgus ds ctk;] Jh jke us Lo;a ;g dke fd;kA eSa ,dSda iknia xqYea yrka ok iq"i'kkfyuhe~AA
;g ugha tkurk D;k ;g çFkk rfeyukMq ds lHkh {ks=ksa eaas çpfyr gS] fdUrq lkekU; vn`"Viwok± i';Urh jkea içPN lkcykA II.55.30,31
:i ls dgk tk ldrk gS fd ifr&iRuh dqN çfrcU/kksa dk ikyu djrs gSAa vU; lhrk ,d&,d o`{k] >kMÛh vFkok igys u ns[kh gqbZ iq"i'kksfHkr yrk dks
yksxksa dh mifLFkfr esa lk/kkj.k lsok;sa Hkh efgykvksa ds fy, nwljksa ds }kjk lEiék dh ns[kdj mlds fo"k; esa Jh jke ls iwNrh FkhaA ,slk çrhr gksrk gS fd lhrk ou yrk]
tkrh gSAa ,slk çrhr gksrk gS fd okYehfd ds le; eas Hkh dqN ,slh çFkk çpfyr oYyfj;ksa ds fo"k; esa cgqJqr FkhA tc dHkh os dksbZ vifjfpr ;k dksbZ /;ku
gksxhA tc Jh jke us lhrk dk gkFk idMÛdj cMÛs ij p<Ûk;k] dfo mldk o.kZu vkd£"kr djus okyh oLrq ns[krha] os Bgj tkrha vkSj mlds fo"k; esa Jh jke ls
^yTtekuk* fo'ks"k.k }kjk djrk gS D;ksfa d lhrk ds fy, y{e.k dh mifLFkfr esa iwNrkN djrhaA jke dks Hkh ouLifr foKku dh dkQÛh tkudkjh jgh gksxh] ftlls os
ifr }kjk lgk;rk fn;k tkuk dqN vlkekU; gh FkkA rqjUr mudks iwNs x, ç'u dk mÙkj nsus esa leFkZ FksA
ik'osZ r= p oSná s k olus Hkw"k.kkfu pAA je.kh;ku~ cgqfo/kku~ ikniku~ dqleq ksRdjku~AA
Iyos dfBudkta p jke'pØs lgk;q/kS%A lhrkopulajC/k vku;kekl y{e.k%AA II.55.32,33
vkjksI; çFkea lhrka l³~?kkVa ifjx`á pAA II.55.17,18 y{e.k rqjUr gh Hkk¡fr&Hkk¡fr ds euksgj o`{kksa dh 'kk[kk;sa vkSj Qwyksa ds xqPNs
lhrk dks p<Ûkdj] Jh jke us muds cxÛy esa oL= ,oa vkHkw"k.k j[k fn,A fQj mUgsa ykdj ns nsrs FksA
vk;q/kksa ds lkFk dqnkyh vkSj fiVkjh dks Hkh csMÛs ij gh j[kkA bl çdkj igys lhrk fofp=okyqdka uhyka gallkjlukfnrke~AA
dks p<Ûkdj] nksuksa HkkbZ csMÛs dks idMÛdj [ksus yxsA bl ckj ifjJe dk dqN Hkkx Jh jses tudjktL; lqrka çs{; rnk unhe~A II.55.32,33
jke ds Åij Hkh iMÛkA eSa bl ij fo'ks"k /;ku fnykuk pkgrk gw¡A Lo;a eSa tc NksVk
lhrk fofp= okyqdk vkSj tyjkf'k ls lq'kksfHkr rFkk gal vkSj lkjlksa ds
Fkk vkSj bl egkdkO; dh fo"k; oLrq dh xgjkbZ ls ifjfpr ugha Fkk] eq>s ;g tkuus
eq[kfjr ;equk unh dks ns[kdj cgqr çlék gksrh FkhaA

Øks'kek=a rrks xRok HkzkrjkS jkey{e.kkSAA fp=dwV ioZr cMÛk gh je.kh; FkkA ogk¡ mÙke rhFkksZekY;orh (eUnkfduh)
cgwu~ es/;ku~ e`xku~ gRok psjrq;ZequkousAA II.55.33 unh cg jgh Fkh] ftldk cgqr ls i'kq&i{kh lsou djrs FksA ml ioZr ls lq'kksfHkr
bl ekxZ esa feys Hk{; fgj.kksa dk o/k djrs gq,] os ;equk rVorhZ ou esa vkSj unh dk lkfék/; ikdj lcdks cMÛk g"kZ vkSj vkuUn gqvkA os uxj ls nwj ou
fopjus yxsA eSa bl 'yksd dk mYys[k bl mís'; ls dj jgk gw¡ D;kafs d ;g ,d ds d"Vksa dks Hkwy x,A
çek.k gS] ftlls irk pyrk gS fd ek¡lHk{k.k ds çfr mUgsa dksbZ vkifÙk ugha FkhA vc eSa dqN m¼j.k çLrqr djus tk jgk gw¡] ;g fn[kkus ds fy,] ;?kfi lhrk
foâR; rs cfgZ.kiwxukfnrs 'kqHks ous okujokj.kk;qrAs bruh lqlLa Ïr Fkha] ftuds thou lkFkh ,d egku egkiq#"k Fks] muesa Hkh L=h tkfr
lea unhoçeqisR; laera fuoklektXeqjnhun'kZuk%AA II.55.34 dh dqN LoHkkoxr deTÛkksfj;k¡ fo|eku FkhA ge lc HkyhHkk¡fr tkurs gS]a tc dHkh
;g 'yksd n'kkZrk gS fd os fdl çdkj oU; thou dk Hkh vkuUn mBkus esa ifjokj esa dksbZ ijs'kkuh vFkok vk'kadk mifLFkr gksrh gS] rks ifr ;k 'olqj dh
l{ke FksA mUgsa ml oLrq ;s] tks muds lq[kh thou ds fy;s vfuok;Z Fkh] of´pr tkudkjh fcuk gh fL=;k¡ nsoh&nsorkvksa dh eékr eku ysrh gS]a fQj mls o"kksZ rd
gksus dk vkHkkl dHkh ugha gqvkA os rhuks]a ;equk unh ds rV ij je.kh; n`"; dk Hkwy tkrh gSa vkSj fQj os vle; iq#"kksa dks bldh ;kn fnykrh gSAa Li"Vr% lhrk Hkh
voyksdu djus gsrq FkksMÛh nwj rd ?kwedj os vius fuokl ij ykSV vk;sA bl detksÛjh ls vNwrh u FkhaA ;g ckr xaxk ikj djrs le; dh gSA
eSa ,d vU; 'yksd ij vkidk /;ku fnykuk pkgrk gw¡ D;ksafd ;g ,d e/;a rq leuqçkI; HkkxhjF;kLRofufUnrkA
yksdçpfyr /kkj.kk gS fd ou esa iwjs pkSng o"kks± rd y{e.k fcYdqy lks;s ugha vkSj oSngs h çk´tfyHkwRZ ok rka unhfeneczohrAA
iwjh vof/k mUgksua s jkf= tkxj.k fd;kA bl vlafnX/k m¼j.k esa çek.k gS fd ckr iq=ks n'kjFkL;k;a egkjktL; /kher%A
,slh ugha FkhA funs'ka ikjf;Rosea x³~xs RonfHkjf{kr%AA II.52,82,83
vFk jk«;ka O;rhrk;keolqIreuUrje~A HkkxjFkh ds e/; esa igq¡p dj lhrk us gkFk tksMÛ dj xaxk ls ;g çkFkZuk
çcks/k;kekl 'kuSy{Z e.k j?kquUnu%AA II.56.1 dh] ßnsfo xax!s vkidks rks ;g fofnr gh gksxk fd bl le; vki fdldks ys tk jgh
gSAa ;s ije cqf¼eku egkjkt n'kjFk ds lqi=q gSa vkSj firk dh vkKk dk ikyu
y{e.k le; ls dqN vf/kd lks x, FksA jkf= O;rhr gksus ij Jh jke us
djus gsrq ou esa tk jgs gSAa bUgha ij lalkj dh vk'kk;sa dsfUær gSAa ;s vkils lqjf{kr
tkxus ds ckn y{e.k dks /khjs ls txk;k vkSj dgk] ßD;ksfa d çLFkku ;ksX; lehi gS]
gksdj] vius firk dh vkKk dk ikyu dj lds]a ,slh Ïik dhft,AÞ
vr% 'kh?kz mBdj pyus dh rS;kjh djksAÞ bl lEcU/k esa Vhdkdkj dgrs gSa %
lk Roka nsfo ueL;kfe ç'kalkfe p 'kksHkusA
,rsu prqn'Z ko"kZi;ZUra y{e.k% Lokighu% vukgkj'p bfr yksdçokn%
çkIrjkT;s ujO;k?kzs f'kosu iqujkxrsAA
vikLr%A
xoka 'krlglzkf.k oL=k.;éa p is'kye~A
bl 'yksd ls ;g yksdçpfyr fdaonUrh fujLr gks tkrh gS fd y{e.k fcuk
czã.ksH;% çnkL;kfe ro fç;fpdh"kZ;kAA
lks, fcuk Hkkstu fd, pkSng o"kZ i;ZUr ouokl esa jgsA
lqjk?kVlglzs.k ekalHkwrkSnusu pA
vc fp=dwV esa igq¡pdj mUgksua s okYehfd ds n'kZu fd;sA rRi'pkr~ Jh jke
;{;s Roka ç;rk nsfo iwjha iqu:ikxrkAA
dh vkKk ls y{e.k us ,d lqUnj foLr`r i.kZ'kkyk dk fuekZ.k fd;kA dfo us fo'ks"k
;kfu RoÙkhjoklhfu nSorkfu olfUr pA
:i ls okLrq 'kkfUr dk mYys[k fd;k gS fd ços'k ds le; fdl çdkj Jh jke us
rkfu lokZf.k ;{;kfe rhFkkZU;k;rukfu pAA
Lo;a 'kkL=ksDr fof/k dk vuq"Bku fd;kA ln~x.q k lEiék deZ ds Kkrk Jh jke us
iqujso egkckgqe; Z k Hkzk=k p laxr%A
fu;eiwod Z mUgha lHkh ea=ksa dk ikB fd;k] ftuls okLrq;K dh iw£r gksrh gSA leLr
v;ks/;ka ouoklkÙkq çfo'kRou?kks·u?ksAA II.52.87-91
nsorkvksa dk iwtu djds] y{e.k] lhrk vkSj Jh jke us x`gços'k fd;kA
ß'kksHkk'kkfyuh nsoh! Jh jke tc ou ls ldq'ky ykSVdj iqu% viuk jkT;
lqjE;eklk?k rq fp=dwVa unha p rka ekY;orha lqrhFkkZeA~ çkIr dj ysxa ]s rc eSa iqu% vkidks eLrd uokÅ¡xh vkSj vkidh Lrqfr d:¡xhA
uuUæ jkeks e`xi{khtq"Vka tgkS p nq%[ka iqjfoçoklkr~AA II.56.38 dsoy bruk gh ugha] eSa vkidks çlék djus ds fy, czkã.kksa dks ,d yk[k xkS,¡]

cgqr ls oL= rFkk mÙkeksÙkj; vék çnku d:¡xhAÞ lhrk vkxs dgrh gS]a ßnsoh! ;s lc ou esa fdrus çlék FksA ,d fnu jke lhrk dks fp=dwV dk n'kZu
v;ks/;kiqjh esa lqjf{kr ykSVus ij eSa vkids fdukjs lgò xkSvksa dk nku d:¡xh vkSj djkus yxsA rnuUrj ml ioZr ls fudydj jke us lhrk dks je.kh; eUnkfduh
lkS eVds lqjk ds vkidks v£ir djds iwtk lEiék d:¡xhAÞ vo'; gh vki esa ls unh dk Hkh n'kZu djk;kA vc ,d vfUre 'kCn] ;g fn[kkus ds fy, fd os fdrus
dqN rks ifjfpr gksxa ]s ;fn ge dqN LFkkuksa ij tk;s]a rks pkgs ge czkã.k Hkh D;ksa u çlék Fks %
gks]a gesa ,d eqxZs ds o/k ds fy, dqN iSlk nsuk gh iMÛrk gSA ßvkids rV ij tks tks rka rFkk n'kZf;Rok rq eSfFkyha fxjhfuEuxke~A
nsork] rhFkZ vkSj efUnj gS] mu lcdk iwtu d:¡xhA fu"iki xaxs! ;s egkckgq fu"klkn fxfjçLFks lhrka ekalsu NUn;u~AA
fu"iki esjs ifrnso] vius HkkbZ ds lkFk ouokl ls ykSVdj iqu% v;ks/;k esa ços'k bna es/;fean Loknq fu"VIrfenefXuukA
djs]a Þ ;g çkFkZuk os xaxk ls djrh gSAa ,oekLrs ls /kekZRek lhr;k lg jk?ko%AA II.96.1,2
dkfyUnh esa Hkh] ftldk mYys[k ge dj pqds gS]a os blh çdkj dh çkFkZuk ;gk¡ gesa muds ou thou dh ,d vkSj >k¡dh feyrh gSA ,slk yxrk gS fd os
djrh gSa % nksuksa Hkkstu lkFk&lkFk djrs FksA jke lhrk dks çlék djus ds fy, ek¡l nsrs Fks]
LofLr nsfo rjkfe Roka ikj;sUes ifrozr Zz e~A ß;g 'kq¼ gS] Lokfn"V gS] vPNh rjg idk;k x;k gSAÞ blls irk pyrk gS] nksuksa
;{;s Roka xkslglz.s k lqjk?kV'krsu pAA ikjLifjd lkS[; vkSj vknku&çnku dk vkuUne; thou v;ks/;k uxjh ds oSHkoksa
LofLr çR;kxrs jkes iqjhfe{okdqikfyrke~AA II.55,20,21 dks Hkqyk dj O;rhr dj jgs FksA
;equk dh chp /kkjk esa vkus ij lhrk us mls ç.kke fd;k vkSj dgk] ßnsfo! vc vkxs pyrs gSAa Hkjr ds v;ks/;k ykS tkus ij Jh jke us fp=dwV NksMÛ
bl csMÛs ds }kjk eSa vkids ikj tk jgh gw¡A vki ,slh Ïik djs]a ftlls ge yksx fn;k vkSj vf= equh ds vkJe ij ,d jkr #d dj] çkr% dky ½f"k;ksa ls fonk
ldq'ky ikj gks tk;s]a esjs ifrnso ou fo"k;d çfrKk iwjh djsAa b{okdq dqyoa'kh ohjksa ysdj os jk{klksa ls cls gq, nqxeZ naMdkj.; ou dh vksj py fn,A ou esa ços'k
}kjk ikfyr v;ks/;kiqjh esa Jh jke dks ldq'ky ykSVus ij eSa vkids fdukjs lgò djds Jh jke us cgqr ls vkJe ns[ksA ogk¡ eqfu;ksa us lcdk fof/kor~ lRdkj fd;kA
xkSvksa dk nku d:¡xh vkSj lkS eVds lqjk ds vkidks v£ir djds iwtk lEiék d:¡xhAÞ çkr% dky muls fonk ysdj] iqu% Jh jke vkxs c<Ûus yxsA
xaxk ds fufeÙk xkS;as ,d yk[k FkhaA dkfyUnh xaxk tSlh fo'kky ugha gS] vr% vc eSa ,d m¼j.k ij vkrk gw¡] ftlesa lhrk iw.kZr;k viuk vkRefoyksiu
os ek=k Hkh ?kVk nsrh gSAa xkS;as vc dsoy ,d lgò jg xb± vkSj lqjk eVds] lkSA çn£'kr djrh gSAa ml nqxeZ ou esa mudh HksVa ,d fojk/k uked ujHk{kh jk{kl ls
;equk unh dks ikj djds os mlds nf{k.k rV ij vk igq¡pAs os ;equk rVorhZ ou ls gqbZA og rhuksa dks ekjus dh /kedh nsrk gS] fo'ks"kdj nksuksa Hkkb;ksa dksA mudks
çLFkku djds ,d çfl¼ o`{k ds ikl tk igq¡p]s ftlds fo"k; essa ^jkek;.k* ds ns[kdj] og Øks/k ls Hkjdj mudh vksj nkSMÛkA og lhrk dks ysdj dqN nwj tkdj
v/;srk ifjfpr gksxa As bldks ^';keoV* ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA oV ds lehi [kMÛk gks x;k vkSj cksyk] ß;g lqUnjh esjh Hkk;kZ cusxh vkSj eSa rqe nksuksa dk jDriku
igq¡p dj lhrk us eLrd >qdk;k vkSj bl çdkj dgk] ßegko`{k! vkidks ueLdkj d:¡xkAÞ ;g lqudj lhrk ?kcjk xb± vkSj Fkj&Fkj dk¡ius yxhaA jke us rh[ks ck.kksa
gks! vki ,slh Ïik djsa fd ftlls esjs ifrnso vius pkSng o"kZ ds ouokl ozr dks dk vuqlU/kku djds ml jk{kl dks cha/kuk vkjEHk fd;kA muds vk?kkr ls ?kk;y
iwjk djsAa ge yksx ou ls ldq'ky ykSVdj ekrk dkS'kY;k ;'kfLouh lqfe=k ekrk og jk{kl nksuksa Hkqtkvksa ls mu ohjksa dks idMÛ dj vU;= tkus ds fy;s rS;kj gqvkA
dk n'kZu dj ldsAa eSa rqels fourh djrh gw¡ vkSj rqEgkjh fof/kor~ iwtk Hkh d:¡xhAÞ Jh jke us Hkh ,d 'kjkjr [ksyhA mlds vfHkçk; dks tkudj Jh jke us y{e.k ls
bl çdkj v´tfy cka/k dj ifjØek dhA ;gk¡ dksbZ eékr ugha ek¡xh xbZ] u gh lqjk dgk] ß;g jk{kl gesa <ksdj gesa mlh ekxZ ij ys tk jgk gS] tgk¡ gesa Hkh tkuk gSA
ds eVds] u gh xks;as dk nkuA lhrk dk nsoh nsorkvksa dks çlék djus dk <ax blfy, gekjs pyus dk ifjJe de gks tk;sxkAÞ mu nksuksa dks dU/kksa ij p<Ûkus ds
lkekU; fL=;ksa dk lk Fkk] ftlesa iq#"k lfEefyr ugha FksA ckn og jk{kl ou dh vksj py fn;kA fdUrq] os Hkwy x, fd lhrk vdsyh jg
ueLrs·Lrq egko`{k ikj;sUes ifrozr Z e~A tk;sxhA
dkSlY;ka pSo i';s;a lqfe=ka p ;'kfLouhe~AA fâ;ek.kkS rq rkS n`"V~ok oSngs h jkey{e.kkSA
bfr lhrk´tfya ÑRok i;ZxPN}uLifre~AA II.55.25,26 mPps%Lojs.k pqØks'k çxa`á lqHkqtk HkqtkSAA

,"k nk'kjFkh jke% lR;oku~ 'khyoku~ 'kqfp%A djrk gS] ftldk mlus igys dHkh ladrs ugha fn;k FkkA esjk viuk vuqeku gS]
j{klk jkSæ#is.k fâ;rs lgy{e.k%AA mldk ,slk djus esa fo'ks"k vfHkçk; gSA ;g ckr ml le; dh gS] tc os vkJe ls
eka o`dk Hk{kf;";fUr 'kknZy w k }hfiuLrFkkA fudyus okys FksA
eka gjksRl`T; dkdqRLFkkS ueLrs jk{klksÙkeAA III.4. 1-3 rr% 'kqHkrjs rw.kh /kuq"kh pk;rs{k.kkA
dkdqRLFk ds n{k oa'ktks]a Jh jke vkSj y{e.k dks jk{kl fy;s tk jgk gS] ;g nnkS lhrk r;ksHkzk=
Z ks% [kM~xkS p foeykS rr%AA
ns[kdj lhrk] viuh nksuksa ckgsa Åij mBkdj] jk{kl dks y{; djds] mPp Loj esa vck/; p 'kqHks rw.kh pkikS pknk; lLoukSA
jksu&s fpYykus yxha ekuks og mldh lquokbZ vo'; djsxk] ßlR;oknh] 'khyoku fu"ØkUrkokJekn~xUrqeHq kkS rkS jkey{e.kkSAA III.8.18,19
vkSj 'kq¼ vkpj.k okys n'kjFkuUnu jke ds lkFk y{e.k dks ;g Øwj fn[kusokyk rnuUrj lhrk us mu nksuksa Hkkb;ksa ds gkFk esa ije lqUnj rw.khj] /kuq"k vkSj
jk{kl fy;s tk jgk gSA rqe eq>s gh [kkus ds fy, ys pyks] fdUrq bu nksuksa Hkkb;ksa dks pepekrs gq, [kM~x çnku fd;sA mu lqUnj rw.khjksa dks ihB ij ck¡/kdj] os nksuksa
NksMÛ nksA bl ou esa HksfMÛ;]s phrs vkSj O;k?kz eq>s [kk Mkysxa As mudk f'kdkj eSa D;ksa HkkbZ vkJe ls ckgj fudysA
cuw¡\ blls rks vPNk gS] rqe esjk gh Hk{k.k dj yks]Þ lhrk us ekuks Lo;a dks NqMÛkbZ ;g rks dgha ugha crk;k x;k fd ;g lhrk dk çfrfnu dk dke Fkk] ijUrq
'kqYd ds :i esa v£ir djus dh is'kd'k dhA bl le; rks mUgksua s ,slk gh fd;kA bldk ,d egÙo gS] tSlk fd eSa Li"V d:¡xkA
lkekU;r% ije ladV ds le;] pkgs vkids lkFk vius cPps Hkh ladV dh vL= 'kL= /kkj.k djds os rqjUr py fn,A pyrs gh lhrk us vius ifr ds le{k
pisV esa vk tk;s]a ijUrq ;fn vkidk thou vkifÙk esa gS] rks çÏfr dk dqN ,slk ,d leL;k çLrqr dhA blh lUnHkZ esa lhrk ;g fn[kkrh gS fd ftUgksua s Jh jke ds
fu;e gS fd loZçFke vkids lkeus lcls çHkko'kkyh çyksHku ;g gksxk fd igys pj.kksa esa fxjdj] mu jk{klksa ls laj{k.k dh ;kpuk dh] tks fd mUgsa Mjkrs vkSj
vki viuh tku cpk;s]a fQj nwljksa dk lkspAas fdUrq] ;gk¡ lhrk blds foijhr FkhaA /kedkrs Fks] mu ½f"k;ksa ds laj{k.k dk vk'oklu nsdj Jh jke vkSfpR; ds fu;eksa
mudks çf'k{k.k gh ,slk feyk Fkk fd viuh vofLFkfr cuk, j[kus ds ctk;] mudks dk mYya?ku dj jgs gSAa lhrk vius ifr dh bl dk;Zokgh ds fo#¼ ,d Hkkjh
jke vkSj y{e.k dk thfor jguk vf/kd ekU; FkkA lhrk dh phRdkj lqudj jke çfrokn O;Dr djrh gSA muds vuqlkj ;g ,d lkefjd dk;Zokgh ds leku FkhA
vkSj y{e.k us eqMÛ dj ns[kkA mUgsa /;ku vk;k fd lhrk fcYdqy vdsyh jg xbZ gSa ;g ,d x`gLFk {kf=; ds fy, rks mi;qDr Fkh] vfirq ,d ;fr ;k eqfu ds fy,
vkSj os jk{kl dk o/k djus esa 'kh?kzrk djus yxsA mUgksua s mldh Hkqtk;sa dkV Mkyha] ugha] tks rRle; ou esa jke dks gksuk pkfg, FkkA mUgsa bl dk;Zokgh ij vkifÙk Fkh]
fdUrq ck.kksa ls ?kk;y {kr&fo{kr gksus ij Hkh og ejk ugha D;ksfa d riL;k ls oj ijUrq bldks vius ifr ls O;Dr djus esa mUgksusa s dksbZ Hk; ;k ladksp eglwl djus
ikdj og 'kL=ksa ls vo/; FkkA ;g ns[kdj mUgksua s ,d cMÛk xïk [kksndj mls ds ctk;] tSlk fd ,d lkekU; L=h vktdy djrh gS ;k tSlk fd mlls visf{kr
mlesa Mky fn;k vkSj feêh ls ikV dj mldk vUr dj fn;kA jk{kl dk o/k djds gS] ,d {k=k.kh gksus ds ukrs] tks vius ifr ds çfr dÙkZO; dks Hkyh&Hkk¡fr tkurh gS]
Jh jke us lhrk dks ân; ls yxkdj lkURouk nhA rnuUrj mUgksua s 'kjHkax ½f"k ds os bldk fojks/k djrha gS]a ß;g dk;Zokgh eq>s vuSfrd yxrh gSA vki ,slk djds
vkJe dh vksj çLFkku fd;k] ftldk irk Lo;a fojks/k us fn;k FkkA /keZ dk mYya?ku djsxa As Þ blhfy,] bl volj ij dfo lhrk ds }kjk gh vL=&'kL=
'kjHkax ½f"k us] vkfrF; ds fy;s fuea=.k nsdj] Bgjus ds fy;s LFkku fn;kA e¡xokrk gSA ;g LokHkkfod :i ls muds eu esa ;g fopkj ys vkrk gS fd vPNk
Jh jke us muls dgk] ßbl le; rks eSa bl ou esa vkids crk, gq, LFkku ij gksrk fd ;s vL=&'kL= ogha jgus fn, tkrs] ftlls mudk dksbZ nq#i;ksx u gksA
fuokl ek= d:¡xkAÞ eqfu cksy]s Þbl ou esa FkksMÛh nwj ij lqrh{.k eqfu jgrs gSAa os ,sls fopkj vkrs gh os fu%ladksp çdV :i ls viuk fojks/k çn£'kr djrh gSa %
vkids fy;s LFkku vkfn dk çcU/k djsxa As Þ vxys fnu pyus ls igys Jh jke ds v/keZLrq lql{w es.k fof/kuk çkI;rs egku~A
ikl cgqr ls eqfu;ksa ds leqnk; i/kkjsA mu okuçLFk eqfu;ksa us jk{klksa ds vR;kpkj fuo`Ùksu rq 'kD;ks·;a O;lukRdketkfngAA
ls viuh j{kk ds fy;s vuqjks/k fd;kA Jh jke us mUgsa vk'oklu fn;kA rRi'pkr~ os =h.k;so O;lukU;= dketkfu HkoUR;qrA
lqrh{.k eqfu ds vkJe ij igq¡ps vkSj muls lRÏr gksdj jkr dks ogha BgjsA feF;kokD;a ijeda rLekn~x: q rjkoqHkkSAA
çkr%dky lqrh{.k eqfu ls fonk ysdj Jh jke y{e.k vkSj lhrk us mu Js"B eg£"k;ksa ijnkjkfHkxeua fouk oSja p jkSærkA
ds lkFk ogk¡ ls çLFkku djus dh rS;kjh dhA ;gk¡ dfo dqN ,slh ckr dk mYys[k feF;kokD;a u rs Hkwra u Hkfo";fr jk?koAA

dqrks·fHky"k.ka L=h.kka ijs"kka /keZuk'kue~A ou esa vk, gSAa lEHko gS] leLr oupkjh jk{klksa dks ns[kdj] dnkfpr~~ vki muds
ro ukfLr euq";sUæ u pkHkwÙks dnkpuAA çfr vius ck.kksa dk ç;ksx Hkh dj cSBAs tc Hkh dksbZ jk{kl vkidks fn[kkbZ nsxk]
euL;fi rFkk jke u pSrf}|rs Dofpr~A vki ml ij igys vkØe.k dj cSBAas Þ os ,d cMÛh dq'kkxz fVIi.kh djrh gSa vkSj
LonkjfujrLRoa p fuR;eso uìkRetAA rRi'pkr~ ,d fopkj.kh; dFkk Hkh lqukrh gS]a ftldh vksj eSa vkidk /;ku [khapuk
r`rh;a ;fnna jkSæa ijçk.kkfHkfgalue~A pkgw¡xk % ßtSls vkx ds lehi j[ks gq, b±/ku mlds rst :i cy dks vR;Ur mnhIr
fuoSjZ a fØ;rs eksgÙkPp rs leqifLFkre~AA dj nsrs gS]a mlh çdkj {kf=;ksa ds ikl /kuq"k&ck.k gks] rks og muds cy vkSj çrki
çfrKkrLRo;k ohj n.Mdkj.;okfluke~A dks mnhIr dj nsrk gS vFkkZr~ tSls vfXu dks b±/ku vius fudV gh çkIr gks tkus ij
_`"kh.kka j{k.kkFkkZ; o/k% la;fr j{klke~AA fLFkfr ladVkRed gksus dh laHkkouk c<Û tkrh gS] mlh çdkj ;q¼ fo'kkjn {kf=; ds
Roa fg ck.k/kuq"ikf.kHkzk=
Z k lg oua xr%A ikl vL=&'kL= lqyHk gksus ij ladViw.kZ fLFkfr gks tkrh gSA ;g mls viuh 'kfDr
n`"V~ok oupjku~ lokZu~ dfPpRdq;kZ% 'kjO;;e~AA çn'kZu ds fy;s mdlkrh gSAÞ
{kf=;.kka p fg /kuqgZqrk'kL;sU/kukfu pA rRi'pkr~ os ,d ;kn j[kus ;ksX; ,d vkSj n`"VkUr nsrh gS]a tks fd vFkZi.w kZ
lehir% fLFkra rstks cyeqPNª;rs Hk`'ke~AA III.9. 2-6,9,10,14,15 gSA bl lqUnj dgkuh dh tkudkjh bruh ugha] ftruh fd gksuh pkfg,A ;g dgkuh
ß;|fi vki egku gS]a rFkkfi vR;Ur lw{e :i ls fopkj djus ij vki ,d ½f"k ds iru dh gSA fdlh Å/k% ou esa dBksj riL;kjr ,d ½f"k fuokl djrs
v/keZ dks çkIr gks jgs gSAa tc vki dketfur O;luksa ls loZFkk fuo`Ùk gS]a rc ;gk¡ FksA mudh riL;k ns[kdj nsork x.k (tSlk çk;% gksrk gS) muls bZ";kZ djus yxsA
bl v/keZ ls Hkh cp ldrs gSAa feF;kHkk"k.k cgqr cMÛk O;lu gS] fdUrq mlls Hkh mudh riL;k esa fo?u Mkyus ds fy;s] bUæ ,d ;ks¼k dk :i /kkj.k dj] gkFk dks
Hkkjh nks /keksYZ ya?ku vkSj Hkh gS&a ijL=hxeu rFkk fcuk fdlh mÙkstd dkj.k ds gh /kjksgj :i esa og ryokj ns nh] ßÏi;k bldk /;ku j[ks]a tc rd eSa okil u
nwljksa ds çfr Øwjrkiw.kZ O;ogkjA ;FkkrF; vkSfpR; ds vHkko esa ;q¼ dh fLFkfr ugha ykSV¡wAÞ blds ckn ls gh ml ½f"k dh thoup;kZ esa cnyko vkuk vkjEHk gks x;kA
vkuh pkfg,AÞ vc ;gk¡ lhrk }kjk jke pfj= dk fp=.k gksrk gSA ,d çdkj ls l rPNL=euqçkI; U;klj{k.krRij%A
çek.k i=] tks jke ds çfr nsrh gS] ßj?kquUnu! bu rhu O;luksa esa ls feF;kHkk"k.k ous ra fopjR;so j{ku~ çR;;ekReu%AA
:i O;lu u rks vkiesa dHkh gqvk gS vkSj u Hkfo"; esa gksxk gh] ;g eSa fuf'pr :i ;= xPNR;qiknkrqa ewykfu p Qykfu pA
ls tkurh gw¡A ij L=h fo"k;d vfHkyk"kk rks vkidks dSls gks ldrh gS\ ujsUæ /keZ u fouk ;kfr ra [kM~xa U;klj{k.krRij%AA
dk uk'k djus okyh ;g dqfRlr bPNk u vkids eu esa gS vkSj u Hkfo"; esa dHkh fuR;a 'kL=a ifjogu~ Øes.k l riks/ku%A
gksxa h (;g ,d mPp dksfV dk çek.ki= ,d iRuh ls gS] gekjh ifRu;ksa esa eas ls dqN pdkj jkSæha Loka cqf)a R;DRok rifl fu'p;e~ AA
gekjs vkpj.k ds çfr bruh vk'oLr gks ldrh gS] ftruh lhrk FkhA ijUrq os rr% l jkSæ·fHkjr% çeÙkks·/keZdÆ'kr%A
Li"V :i ls ,slk Js; nsus esa ladksp djsxa h)A ;s nks O;lu rks vkids ikl QVd Hkh rL; 'kL=L; laoklkTtxke ujda eqfu%AA III.9.19-22
ugha ldrsA Jh jke! ;g nks"k vkids eu esa dHkh ugha vk;k] fQj ok.kh vkSj fØ;k ml /kjksgj 'kL= dks ikdj eqfu mldh j{kk esa layXu gks x,A os vius
esa dSls vk ldrk gS\ vki rks lnk ls viuh iRuh esa gh vuqjDr jgus okys gSAa fo'okl dh j{kk ds fy, ou esa fopjrs gq, Hkh mls vius ikl j[krs FksA /kjksgj dh
ijUrq nwljksa ds çk.kksa dh fgalk vFkok nwljksa ds lkFk ;q¼ djuk] fcuk fdlh j{kk esa rRij jgus okys] os eqfu Qy&ewy ykus ds fy;s] tgk¡ Hkh tkrs] ml [kM~x
mÙkstuk ds] ;g rhljk Hk;adj nks"k gSA tks yksx eksgo'k fcuk oSj&fojks/k ds ;q¼ dks lkFk fy, fcuk ugha tkrs FksA D;ksfa d og rks pepekrh gqbZ iSuh ryokj Fkh]
fd;k djrs gSa] ogh nks"k] eq>s yxrk gS] vc vkids lkeus mifLFkr gSA bu eqfu dh n`f"V fujUrj ml ij jgrh Fkh vkSj os lS¼kfUrd :i ls mldh ljkguk
naMdkj.;oklh ½f"k;ksa us vkidks crk;k gS fd os jk{klksa }kjk fd, x, mRikrksa ds djus yxsA ljkguk djrs le; os mldk Li'kZ djrs vkSj mlds fo"k;&lq[k dk
dkj.k la=Lr gSAa mUgksua s vkils laj{k.k ek¡xk gSA vkius mudh j{kk ds fy, ;q¼ esa vuqHko djus yxsA muds eu esa fopkj vk;k fdlh 'kwjohj ds gkFk esa blds }kjk
jk{klksa dk o/k djus dh çfrKk Hkh dh gSA vkidks bldh D;k vko';drk Fkh\ vki D;k D;k ?kksj deZ lEiék gks ldrs gS!a ri gh ftudk ewy /ku Fkk] mu eqfu us fuR;
gkFk esa /kuq"k&ck.k ysdj HkkbZ ds lkFk] tks vkids leku buds ç;ksx esa çoh.k gS] çfrfnu ml ryokj dks <ksr&s <ksrs Øe'k% riL;k dk fu'p; NksMÛdj vius eu dks

ml ryokj dh [Ûkfw c;ksa ds fpUru esa fujUrj yxkus yxsA /keZ dh idMÛ <hyh gksus dYiukRed fopkj cuk ldrs gSa fd dksbZ jk"Vª iw.kZr;k 'kL= lEiék gksus ij Hkh
ij] ryokj ds fo"k; esa fpUru djrs&djrs ;nk&dnk oLrqvksa dks dkVus ds ç;ksx dqN le; ds fy, 'kkfUrfç; cuk jgs] ik¡p o"kZ vFkok nl o"kZ rd vFkok vxyh
djus yxsA mudk eu dksey] lkSE; vkSj laons u'khy gksus ds ctk; Øwjrkiw.kZ ih<Ûh rd] rFkkfi bldk dksbZ vk'oklu fn;k ugha tk ldrk fd vxyh ih<Ûh
cqf¼ okyk gks x;kA v/keZ us mUgsa vkÏ"V dj fy;kA os eqfu çekno'k jkSædeZ esa vFkok mudh larkuksa dh larku 'kkfUrfç; jgsxa hA ,slh fLFkfr ekuo LoHkko ds
rRij gks x, vkSj funks'Z krk dh Å¡pkb;ksa ls fxj dj udZHkksxh cusA dfo us bl vlaxr gS vkSj fuf'pr :i ls 'kL=&lqlEiék ekuo LoHkko ds fy;s rks vo'; ghA
dFkk dks cMsÛ lqUnj <Ûxa ls çLrqr fd;k gS leqpfr rks ;gh dguk gksxk fd lhrk us fujUrj vL= 'kL= /kkj.k jgus d çfr vius ifr dks lko/kku djus dh
bls cMsÛ lqUnj <Ûxa ls çLrqr fd;kA vUrr% bl cspkjs ½f"k us D;k fd;k\ ryokj /k`"Vrk djus i'pkr~ lhrk vkxs dgrh gSa %
dh rks mls fcYdqy bPNk u FkhA og oLrq rks dsoy /kjksgj ds :i esa muds ikl
LusgkPp cgqekukPp Lekj;s Roka u f'k{k;sA
NksMÛh xbZ Fkh] ijUrq mlds lrr~ lkgp;Z ls mudk iru gks x;kA esjk ekuuk gS fd u dFk´pu lk dk;kZ x`ghr/kuq"kk Ro;kAA II.9.24
gesa Lohdkj djuk pkfg, fd bl n`"Vkar esa cgqr lPpkbZ gS] ;|fi dkO; esa lR; dks ;g ,d foJqr m¼j.k gS] ftldk yksx lnk ç;ksx djrs gS]a tc os fdlh
çk;% pje lhek ij igq¡pk fn;k tkrk gSA fdlh dBksj oLrq dk fujUrj voyksdu cqtÛqxZ dks ijke'kZ nsrs gSAa * ßesjs eu esa vkids çfr tks Lusg vkSj fo'ks"k vknj gS]
gekjs euksHkkoksa dks Øwjrk dh vksj ys tkrk gS vkSj ân; dks iRFkj ds leku cuk mlds dkj.k gh eSa vkidks bl çkphu ?kVuk ds ;kn fny jgh gw¡A eSa dksbZ f'k{kk ugha
nsrk gSA fueZe fØ;kvksa ls vfrifjp; vkSj dBksj fopkjksa ds fpUru ls gekjs LoHkko ns jgh gw¡] dsoy mlh dh ;kn fnyk jgh gw¡] tks vki Lo;a tkurs gh gSAa nqHkkZX;o'k]
esa ifjorZu vk tkrk gSA blhfy, eSa fuLladksp dgrk gw¡ fd eSa mu oDrO;ksa ij thou esa dHkh&dHkh ifjfLFkfr;k¡ vk tkrh gS]a ftuls fgrdj fopkj iykf;r gks
fcYdqy fo'okl ugha djrk gw¡] tks bl le; lu (1944) f}rh; fo'o egk;q¼ ds tkrs gSa ekuks os efLr"d ds fdlh dksus esa tkdj fNi x;s gksa vkSj mudks e/; fcUnq
le;] mu ns'kksa dh vksj ls fn, tk jgs gS]a ftUgsa bl egk;q¼ esa thrus dh vk'kk gSA ij ykuk vko';d gks tkrk gSA eSa rks ;gk¡ lsok dk;Z dj jgh gw¡A eSa dsoy ;gh ;kn
mudk fopkj gS fd ijkftr ns'kksa dks loZFkk fu'kL= dj fn;k tk;s] ftlls mRikr fnykuk pkgrh gw¡ fd vkidks /kuq"k ck.k ysdj mudk vuqfpr ç;ksx ugha djuk pkfg,AÞ
djus dh {kerk dbZ ihf<Û;ksa ds fy, lekIr gks tk;sA ;s mudks ^vkØe.k'khy ns'kksâ
dh laKk nsrs gSAa vkØe.k'khy ns'kksa dks vL=&'kL= ls of´pr dj fn;k tkuk lhrk viuh ckr dk lekiu Hkh cMÛh lqUnjrk ds lkFk djrh gSa %
pkfg,A nwljh vksj] mu jk"Vªkas dks] tks fot;h gks tkrs gSa vkSj Lo;a dks ^'kkfUrfç; L=hpkiyknsrnqnkâra es /ke± oDrqa ro d% leFkZ%A
jk"Vª* dgrs gSAa muds ikl i;kZIr lSU; cy gksuk pkfg,] ftlls os fdlh le; Hkh fopk;Z cq)îk rq lgkuqtsu ;æksprs rRdq: ek fpjs.kAA III.9.33
foYifo;ksa dks dqpy ldsAa ;fn vki /;ku ls ns[ks]a rks ;g loZFkk voSKkfud gS] ßeSua s ukjh&tkfr dh LokHkkfod piyrk ds dkj.k gh ,slk lkspk D;ksfa d esjk
jk"Vªkas dks ;q¼fç; vkSj 'kkfUrfç; ns'kksa esa foHkkftr djukA vf/kdka'k jk"Vª tks Åij eu fujUrj dkseyrk ds çfr le£ir jgrk gSA eSua s lkspk bldk Lej.k vkidks Hkh
mBs gS]a tks fdlh u fdlh :i esa le`¼ jk"Vª dgs tkrs gS]a ;q¼fç; jgs gS]a vR;f/kd djk nw¡A blhfy;s vkidh lsok esa ;s ckrsa fuosnu dh gSAa okLro esa vkidks /keZ dk
;q¼fç;A bu lcds ikl fdruk fo'kky lSU; cy gS vkSj os vf/kd le; rd mins'k nsus esa dkSu leFkZ gS\ vki bl fo"k; esa vius NksVs HkkbZ ds lkFk fopkj&foe'kZ
'kkfUrfç; ugha jg ldrsA bl lSU; 'kfDr dk muds ikl gksuk] mUgsa ;q¼ esa dj ysAa vkidks tks Bhd yxs] mls gh fu'p; :i ls djsAa Þ
<dsyus ds fy;s i;kZIr gS (vkt vejhdk ds lUnHkZ esa ;gh ckr Bhd mrjrh gS ,d Vhdkdkj gS]a ftUgksusa s bl okD; dk xÛyr vFkZ fy;k gS vkSj bldk
&v Û) bl fo"k; esa dksbZ HkzkfUr ugha gksuh pkfg,A ;g ;q¼fç; vkSj 'kkfUrfç; esa loZFkk fHkék vFkZ fn;k gSA** rFkkfi jkek;.k esa ,sls m¼j.k gS]a ftlls çdV gksrk gS
foHkktu xÛyr gSA vius dks U;k;laxr dgus okys jk"Vª vius vkidks ,slk fç; fd dfo dks ;g okD; ^Lekj;s Roka u f'k{k;s* cgqr fç; gSAa bldk ,d mnkgj.k
?kksf"kr djrs gS]a dsoy vius dks l'kL= j[kus ds bjkns mfpr Bgjkus ds fy;s vkSj ;q¼ dkaM esa Hkh feyrk gSA çlax bl çdkj gSA jke&jko.k ;q¼ esa jko.k dh 'kfDr
vU; jk"Vªkas dks fujL= djus ds fy;sA mfpr rks ;gh gksxk fd dksbZ jk"Vª futh :i ls y{e.k ew£PNr gks x, Fks] Jh jke ds ck.kksa ls vkgr gqvk jko.k Hk;Hkhr gksdj
ls l'kL= u gks vkSj vko';d 'kL= ,d varjjk"Vªh; laLFkk ds gkFk esa ns fn;s * ;g ikB ^Lekj;s Roka u f'k{k;s* egs'ojrhFkZ vkSj xksfoUnjkt ds }kjk fy;k x;k gS] ftudh Vhdk
tk;sA bl fo"k; ij ifjppkZ ds fy;s dkQÛh le; pkfg,A eSa ;g gh dgw¡xk fd lhrk dk vuqlj.k ;gk¡ fd;k x;k gSA ijUrq drd bldks bl çdkj ysrs gSa % ^Lekj;s Roka rq f'k{k;s* vkSj
dk n`"VkUr bl lUnHkZ esa Bhd ladrs nsrk gSA ;|fi ge fuf'pr :i ls ,slk fryd us Hkh blh dks ilUn fd;k gSA

Hkkx x;kA tc guqeku dh ykbZ gqbZ vkS"kf/k ls y{e.k lpsr gks x,] Jh jke us iqu% bu mnkgj.kksa dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, ;gh ekuuk mfpr gS fd lhrk ds opuksa
'k=qvksa ij vkØe.k vkjEHk fd;kA bl chp jko.k Hkh nwljs jFk ij lokj gksdj Jh dk vFkZ Hkh ,slk gh gksuk pkfg, vU;Fkk ughaA vr,o III.9.24 ds ikB dks blh çdkj
jke ij p<Û vk;kA Jh jke Hkwfe ij [kMÛs Fks vkSj jko.k jFk ij lokj FkkA ;g gksuk pkfg, ^Lekj;s Roka u f'k{k;s]* u fd ^Lekj;s Roka rqf'k{k;As *
ns[kdj] nsojkt bUæ us vius lkjfFk] ekrfy }kjk viuk jFk vkSj dqN vL=&'kL= bl lUnHkZ es]a D;ksfa d yksx vKkuo'k çk;% lhrk dks nks"k nsrs gS]a eSa crkuk
Jh jke dh lsokFkZ Hkst fn,A rRi'pkr~ jke&jko.k ;q¼ vkjEHk gqvkA tc vkgr pkgw¡xk fd Lo;a jke us Hkh mudh ckr dks fdl :i esa fy;k D;ksfa d ;g bl
gksus ij jko.k esa 'kL= mBkus dh {kerk ugha jgh] mldk lkjfFk mlds jFk dks lEcU/k esa fu.kkZ;d gSAa
j.kHkwfe ls nwj gVk ys x;kA ijUrq FkksMÛh nsj ckn og iqu% jko.k ds jFk dks Jh jke fda rq o{;kE;ga nsfo Ro;SoksDrfena op%A
ds lehi ys vk;kA Jh jke us lglk jko.k ds jFk dks vkrs ns[kdj ekrfy ls dgk] {kf=;S/kkZ;r Z s pkiks ukrZ'kCnks HkosfnfrAA III.10.3
Þvc cMÛs osx ls rqe lko/kku gks tkvks vkSj 'k=q ds jFk dh vksj vkxs c<ÛkAs ß ekrfy ßnsfo! eSa rqEgsa D;k mÙkj nw¡\ rqeus vHkh FkksMÛh nsj igys ;g ckr dgh Fkh fd
bUæ dk lkjfFk Fkk vkSj vusd ;q¼ ns[k pqdk Fkk vkSj HkyhHkk¡fr tkurk Fkk fd mls {kf=; yksx blfy, /kuq"k ck.k /kkj.k djrs gSa fd fdlh dks nq%[kh gksdj gkgkdkj u
D;k djuk pkfg,A vr,o] mldks ;g crkuk fd mls D;k djuk gS] FkksMÛh /k`"Vrk djuk iMÛ]s gk;! eq>s lrk;k x;k gS vFkok fdlh us gkfu igq¡pkbZA ,d {kf=; dk
lh Fkk vkSj os nks"k Lohdkj djrs gSa % dÙkZO; curk gS fd ,slh ifjfLFkfr esa og 'kh?kzkfr'kh?kz tkdj mldh lgk;rk djsAÞ
dkea u Roa lek/ks;% iqjUnjjFkksfpr%AA blds ckn çfl¼ 'yksd ;g vkrk gS %
;q;Rq lqjgesdkxz% Lekj;s Roka u f'k{k;sA II. 108.12,13 vI;ga thfora táka Roka ok lhrs ly{e.kke~A
ßrqEgsa rks nsojkt bUæ dk jFk gk¡dus dk vH;kl gSA vr,o] rqEgsa dqn u rq çfrKka laJRq ; czkã.ksH;ks fo'sk"kr%AA III.10.19*
fl[kkus dh vko';drk ughaA eSa ,dkxz gksdj ;q¼ djuk pkgrk gw¡A blhfy, rqEgkjs ßlhrs! eSa vius opu vkSj opu ds çfr fu"Bk dks bruk egÙo nsrk gw¡ fd
dÙkZO; dk Lej.k ek= djk jgk gw¡] rqEgsa f'k{kk ugha ns jgk gw¡AÞ blds fy, eSa cMÛk ls cMÛk R;kx Hkh djus dks rS;kj gw¡A eSa vius çk.k NksMÛ ldrk gw¡]
foHkh"k.k jke ls blh çdkj dgrk gSA ;q¼ lekIr gksus ij vkSj lhrk dh rqEgkjk vkSj y{e.k dk Hkh ifjR;kx dj ldrk gw¡A fdUrq] viuh çfrKk dks eSa
vfXu ijh{kk ds mijkUr jke 'kh?kzkfr'kh?kz v;ks/;k ykSVus ds fy, mRlqd FksA dnkfi ugha rksMÛ ldrkA çfrKk ls vf/kd esjs fy, dqN Hkh vf/kd ifo= ughaA ,slh
foHkh"k.k muds fy, iq"id&foeku çLrqr djrk gSA og muls] lhrk vkSj y{e.k çfrKk] tks fo'ks"kr% eSua s czkã.kksa ds çfr dh gSAÞ
lfgr dqN fnu muds ikl Bgjus ds fy;s vuqjks/k djrk gSA blh lUnHkZ eas og vUr esa os dgrs gSa %
dgrk gS %
ee LusgkPp lkSgknkZfnneqDra Ro;ku/ksA
ç.k;k}gqekukPp lkSânsu p jk?koAA
ifjrq"Vks·LE;ga lhrs u áfu"Vks·quf'k";rsAA
çlkn;kfe çs";ks·ga u [kYokKki;kfe rsA VI.124.15,16
ßJh jke! eSa dsoy çse] lEeku vkSj lkSgknZ gsrq gh vkils ;g çkFkZuk dj jgk ln`'ka pkuq#ia p dqyL; ro pkReu%A
l/keZpkfj.kh esa Roa çk.ksH;ks·fi xjh;lhAA III.10.21,22
gw¡A vkidks çlék djuk pkgrk gw¡A eSa vkidk lsod gw¡] blfy;s fou; djrk gw¡A
;s cgqr gh lqUnj iafDr;k¡ gSAa jke dgrs gS]a ßlhrs! rqeus Lusg vkSj lkSgknZo'k
vkidks vkKk ;k dksbZ vkns'k ugha ns jgk gw¡AÞ
tks ckrsa eq>ls dgh gS]a blls eSa cgqr lUrq"V gw¡ D;ksfa d tks viuk fç; u gks] mls
dksbZ mins'k ugha nsrkA rqeus eq>ls tks dqN Hkh dgk] ;g lc dqN dgus dk
** ;g fryd Vhdk ds lEcU/k esa gS] tks fd drd dk vuqlj.k djrh gS] tSlk fd fiNys uksV esa
iwjk&iwjk vf/kdkj rqEgkjk FkkA ;g 'kqHk Hkkoukvksa ls çsfjr FkkA rqEgkjh Hkh fu"diV
crk;k x;k gS] mudk ikB loZFkk fHkék gSA ^Lekj;s Roka rq f'k{k;s* ij fryd dh fVIi.kh bl çdkj
gS % ßLusgkr~ Hkof}"k;kr~A cgqekukr~ RoRdrZ`dkUef}"k;kr~A fda p cgqekuks uke enh;ks·;a HkrsRZ ;soefHkeku%A
bPNk gS fd eSa /keZ ds iFk ij jgw¡A eq>s ys'kek= Hkh cqjk ugha yxk] cfYd eSa rks
Lekj;s iqjko`rfefr 'ks"k%A v= Lusgks gsrq%A cgqekukPp Roka rq f'k{k;s bR;FkZ%A blds fy;s rqEgkjh ç'kalk djrk gw¡A eq>s çlékrk gS fd rqeus bl çdkj dh ckrsa
rnso f'k{k.ka djksfr & û dFkapu* bfr A ;Ùkq rhFkZ% ^Lekj;s Roka u f'k{k;s* bfr iBfr O;kp"Vs p rÙkq dgha vkSj bu Hkkoukvksa dks vius eu esa j[kk] vU;Fkk bldk irk eq>s dSls pyrkA
mÙkjokD;s dfj";ek.k f'k{k.ksu P;kgrfefr drdAAÞ
* nsf[k, v-3, i`-34.

vius futh fgrS"kh ds vfrfjDr vkSj vU; dkSu vius fç; tu ds nks"kksa dh vksj ugha]Þ ;g jke }kjk lhrk dks nh xbZ LorU=rk ls fuf'pr :i ls esy ugha [kkrkA
/;ku fnyk ldrk gS\ rqe tks dqN Hkh mykguk ns jgh gks] dsoy blhfy;s fd rqeesa ou ds fuoklh ½f"k;ksa ds lkFk eS=h tSls fo"k; ij] ftlds dkj.k dke jke ladV
esjs fy;s çxk<Û çse gSAa D;ksfa d rqe ugha pkgrh fd eSa dksbZ xÛyrh dke d:¡ ;k vius esa iMÛ ldrs Fks] jke lhrk ls ,slk dSls dg ldrs Fks] ßrqEgsa ,slh ckrksa dk Kku
flj dksbZ iki yw¡A rqeus esjs lkFk bruk ?kfu"B rknkRE; LFkkfir dj fy;k gS fd ughaA vr,o bl fo"k; esa dqN er cksyksAÞ mUgksua s lhrk dks viuh ckr dgus nh
rqEgsa gj {k.k esjh gh fpUrk jgrh gS fd fdlh çdkj eq>s dksbZ {kfr u igq¡ps] vkSj ;|fi jke us muds ijke'kZ dks ekuk ugha] rFkkfi mUgksua s lhrk dks crk;k fd
blhfy, rqe eq>s lko/kku djrh jgrh gksA thou esa çk;% ge u rks fdlh vfç; mUgksua s psrkouh nsdj Bhd gh fd;k vkSj ,slk djuk mfpr FkkA vius nksuksa dqyksa
vfe= dks psrkouh nsrs gS]a u gh ftl O;fDr ds çfr ge mnklhu gksrs gS]a mlds dh e;kZnk dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, mfpr gh FkkA
fy;s dqN lksprs gSAa blfy;s tks dqN Hkh rqeus dgk] eSa mldk lR; vkSj fu"Bk ,d vkSj egÙoiw.kZ ?kVuk gS] ftlds lUnHkZ esa lhrk ds O;ogkj ij vkifÙk
Lokxr ls djrk gw¡] ;|fi esjs fopkj ls bl psrkouh esa dqN rF; ughaA rqEgkjk ;g dh tkrh gSA ;g ckr ml le; dh gS] tc ekjhp Lo.kZe; e`x dk :i /kjdj jke
dFku rqEgkjs ;ksX; rks gS gh vkSj rqEgkjs dqy ds Hkh loZFkk vuq:i gSA rqe esjh ds vkJe esa vk;k vkSj mlus lhrk dk eu eksg fy;kA lhrk ds vkxzg djus ij jke
lg/k£e.kh gks vkSj eq>s çk.kksa ls Hkh vf/kd fç; gksA vr% rqEgsa NwV gS fd rqe mldk ihNk djus pys x, vkSj jko.k dks fn, x;s opuksa ds vuqdy w ekjhp jke
vko';drkuqlkj eq>s lko/kku djks vkSj esjh xÛyrh dks lq/kkjksAÞ dh vkokTÛk dh udÛy djrs gq, fpYykus yxrk gS] ßgk lhrs! gk y{e.k!Þ ;g
nks 'kCn mins'k ds Hkh dg nw¡A D;k ge iq#"k viuh ifRu;ksa dks NwV nsrs gSa fd lqudj lhrk Hk;Hkhr gks tkrh gS vkSj mlds eu esa ;g ckr cSB tkrh gS fd mlds
gesa lko/kku djs]a tc ge muds fopkj ls xÛyr ekxZ ij gks\a lEHko gS fd ,d ifr vo'; gh ladV esa iMÛ x, gSAa og y{e.k ls mudh lgk;rkFkZ tkus dk
le; vki brus iRuhHkDr cu tk;sa fd vki mudh xÛyr ckrksa dk Hkh vuqlj.k vuqjks/k djrh gSA dqN nsj rd rks y{e.k mudh ckr Vky nsrs gSAa os dgrs gS]a
djsAa eSa ,slh lEHkkouk ds fo"k; esa ugha lksp jgk gw¡] eSa ifr&iRuh ds chp ,sls ßjke rks brus 'kfDr'kkyh gSa fd lalkj esa dksbZ Hkh muds lkeus ugha fVd ldrkA
lEcU/kksa dks lksp jgk gw¡] tks ,d leqfpr vk/kkj ij LFkkfir gks]a ftlls çR;sd dksbZ ladV muds ikl QVd Hkh ugha ldrk] ftldk os Lo;a fuokj.k u dj ldsAa
,d&nwljs ds dk;Z{ks= dk vknj djs] ijUrq lkFk gh lkFk ;g Hkh le>s fd dc vr,o fpUrk djus dh vko';drk ughaA eSa vkidks vdsyk NksMÛdj ugha tk
xEHkhj psrkouh dh vko';drk gSA thou es]a gekjk dke dkt gekjh ifRu;ksa ls ldrkAÞ fdUrq lhrk mudks mykguk nsrh gSa] ;g ns[kdj fd os tkus ds fy,
bruk vlac¼ ugha gksrk fd os dksbZ eryc gh u j[ks]a ge muls mlds fo"k; esa vfuPNqd gSAa os jke ds çfr bruh vf/kd fpUrkxzLr gks tkrh gSa fd os viuk
dksbZ ijke'kZ gh u ysAa dnkfpr~~ buesa ls dqN eu gh ,slk Hkh dgsa fd ßbu cspkfj;ksa vkRela;e [kks cSBrh gSAa muds /kS;Z dk ck¡/k VwV tkrk gS vkSj mUgsa bl ckr dh Hkh
dks bl fo"k; esa D;k irk\ tc fL=;k¡ dk;Z{ke gh ugha] rks ijke'kZ ysus dk ç'u gh lqf/k u jgrh fd os D;k dg jgh gSAa {k.k Hkj ds fy, vki Lo;a dks lhrk dh
ugha mBrkAÞ cgqr lh fLFkfr;ksa esa rks ;g cgkuk lEHkor% ekU; gks ldrk gS] ijUrq ifjfLFkfr esa j[k dj nsf[k,A lhrk dk fookg lalkj ds egku O;fDr ls gqvk FkkA
ges'kk ,slk ugha gksuk pkfg,A viuh ifRu;ksa dks ;ksX; lgpjh cukuk] thou ds ou esa muds lkgp;Z ds fufeÙk mUgksua s jkT; dks NksMÛk FkkA ogk¡ vkdj Lo;a gh
lq[k nq%[k esa lgxkfeuh cukuk gekjk dÙkZO; gSA ;gh muds fy;s mi;qDr dk;Z mUgksua s jke dks ,d ladViw.kZ dke ds fy, Hkst fn;k FkkA Jh jke dqN ladV esa Q¡l
gksxkA mUgsa vf'kf{kr j[k dj muds lkFk le;≤ ij ijke'kZ u djuk viuh x;s gS]a de ls de os ,slk lksprh gSAa ;g LokHkkfod gS ;k ugha fd ,sls ije ladV
xÛyrh dks mfpr Bgjkuk loZFkk vuqfpr gSA esjh tkudkjh esa dqN ,sls Hkh mnkgj.k ds le; os lc dqN Hkwy tk;s\a tc os vius thou rd dks fclkj ldrh Fkha] rks
gS]a tgk¡ ,d iRuh fuLladksp gks vius ifr ls dgus dk lkgl djrh gS fd og tks ml le; y{e.k dk mUgsa dSls /;ku vk ldrk Fkk\ ;fn muesa dqN vf/kd
dqN dj jgk gS] og ,d xÛyr dke gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa dnkfpr~~ mls ekj Hkh [kkuh le>nkjh gksrh] rks dnkfpr~~ os y{e.k ds çfr mrus dBksj okD;ksa dk ç;ksx u
iMÛ ldrh gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa mldh vogsyuk rks gksrh gh gS vkSj iw.kZ mis{kk HkhA djrha] tSlk fd mUgksua s fd;kA ijUrq Øks/k ds le; fdldh cqf¼ lkFk nsrh gS\ og
,slk gksuk dksbZ vlkekU; ckr ughaA rqe D;k djrs gks] D;k ugha djrs gks] ;g Hkh bl çdkj dh foifÙk ds le; fdl dh cqf¼ fu;U=.k esa jgrh gS\ tc vki
rqEgkjs Åij gSA ijUrq vius fd, dks ;g lQÛkbZ nsdj mfpr u fl¼ djks vkSj u vR;Ur nk#.k O;Fkk ls xzLr gksa vkSj vusd çdkj dh vk'kadkvksa u vkidks ?ksj
gh fl¼ djus dk ç;kl djks fd iRuh dk oxZ fuEu gS vkSj mldk dÙkZO; ,d nklh fy;k gks] rks D;k vki vius 'kCnksa dks rksyus dh fLFkfr esa gksxa \s D;k dksbZ Hkh ,slk
ds dke rd gh lhfer gSA ßog /kksch dk fglkc fdrkc j[k ys] blls vf/kd dqN dj ldrk gS\ fQj ge cspkjh lhrk ls ,slh mis{kk D;ksa djs\a ge lc mudh ç'kalk

djrs vkSj ljkgrs ;fn mUgksua s mu 'kCnksa dk ç;ksx u fd;k gksrkA os ,d eq¡gQV ßftl ijks{k vfHkçk; ds fy;s rqe tkus dks rS;kj ugha gks] og rqEgkjk vFkok
efgyk Fkh] mudh ok.kh dnkfpr~~ dHkh gh fu;U=.k esa jgh gksA Hkjr dk euksjFk fl¼ ugha gks ldrkA eSa rqEgkjs lkeus gh fuLlUnsg vius çk.k
vga ro fç;a eU;s jkeL; O;lua egr~A R;kx nw¡xhAÞ
jkeL; O;lua n`"V~ok rsuSrkfu çHkk"klsAA rRi'pkr~ os jksus yxha vkSj bl çdkj cksyha] ßJh jke ls fcNqMÛ tkus ds ckn
uSrfPp=a liRus"kq ikia y{e.k ;öosrA~ eSa xksnkojh esa Mwc tkÅ¡xh vFkok xys esa Qk¡lh yxk yw¡xh ;k ioZr ds Å¡ps f'k[kj
Rof}/ks"kq u`'kals"kq fuR;a çPNépkfj"kqAA ls uhps dwn tkÅ¡xh] tyrh vfXu esa dwn tkÅ¡xh] vFkok fo"kiku dj yw¡xh] fdUrq
lqn"q VLRoa ous jkeesdesdks·uqxPNflA Jh jke ds flok; fdlh vU; iq#"k dk Li'kZ dnkfi u gh d:¡xhAÞ bl çdkj
ee gsrks% çfrPNé% ç;qDrks Hkjrsu okAA III.45. 22-24 çfrKk djds 'kksdeXu lhrk jksrh&jksrh viuk isV ihVus yxhA lhrk ds ,sls dBksj
ßeq>s yxrk gS] rqe vc çlék gks fd jke fdlh Hkkjh foifÙk esa Q¡l x;s gSAa opu lqudj dqfir y{e.k ogk¡ ls py fn,A ,slh ifjfLFkfr esa cspkjs y{e.k D;k
blhfy, rqe jke ladV vk;k ns[kdj Hkh ,slh ckrsa cuk jgs gksA Hkkb;ks]a nk;nksa vkSj dj ldrs Fks\ mUgksua s Hkjld ç;kl fd;k] mudks le>kus ds fy,A ijUrq 'kksd
,sls O;fDr;ksa ds e/;] tks ,d gh oLrq ds bPNqd gks]a ,slk gksuk dksbZ vk'p;Ztud vkSj fo"kkn ds dkj.k] foosd muls loZFkk fonk ys pqdk Fkk vkSj blhfy;s muds eq¡g
ckr ughaA y{e.k! rqEgkjs tSls Øwj ,oa lnk ls fNis gq, 'k=qvksa ds eu esa bl rjg ls ,sls mxz okD; fudysA y{e.k dks Hkh vk'kadk gqbZ fd lpeqp dgha lhrk ,slh
ds ikiiw.kZ fopkj gksuk dksbZ vk'p;Z dh ckr ughaA gks ldrk gS] rqe esjh bPNk gjdr dj u cSBAas os dqN Hkh dj ldrh Fkha] os ,d n`<Ûfu'p; efgyk Fkha vkSj
j[krs gksA rqe cMÛs nq"V gks] Jh jke dks vdsys ou esa vkrs gq, ihNs&ihNs pys vk,A vkRegR;k ds brus fodYi muds ikl FksA ge lhrk dks vf/kd nks"k ugha ns ldrsA
vFkok ;g Hkh lEHko gS fd Hkjr us rqe dks Hkstk gks vkSj jke dks lekIr djds eq>s fdUrq eu gh eu ge ;gh pkgrs fd lhrk dks y{e.k ds çfr bl çdkj dh dBksj
muds ikl ys tkus ds fy,AÞ Hkk"kk dk ç;ksx ugha djuk pkfg;s Fkk] ;g HkyhHkk¡fr tkurs gq, fd y{e.k ij ;s
blls igys fd ge ,d ckj fQj lhrk dks nks"k nsa ;k mudh fuUnk djs]a ge vkjksi loZFkk feF;k gSA ;|fi os cgqr dqN dg xb±] mUgsa Lo;a gh mu ckrkssa ij
lksp&fopkj djsa fd ml ije ladV ds le; os ou esa dSlk vuqHko dj jgh FkhaA dksbZ fo'okl u gksxkA Øks/kkos'k esa ge cgqr dqN vuki&'kuki cksy tkrs gSa vkSj
ogk¡ y{e.k ds vfrfjDr dksbZ vkSj ugha Fkk] ftlls os lgk;rk ek¡x ldrha vkSj ge 'kCnksa dk ç;ksx fcuk rksys dj nsrs gSa vkSj mUgsa ;FkkFkZ dh lhek esa j[kus dk
y{e.k ogk¡ ls fgyus dks Hkh rS;kj ugha FksA bl euekus rdZ ds vk/kkj ij fd Jh ç;kl ugha djrsA lhrk Hkh bl nks"k ls eqDr u FkhA tc ge mudh ekufld fLFkfr
jke brus 'kfDr'kkyh vkSj ;q¼ esa 'kL= dq'ky Fks fd ladV dHkh muds ikl Hkh dh ifjdYiuk djrs gS]a rks mUgsa {kek Hkh dj ldrs gSAa ge ;g dg ldrs gSa fd ;g
QVd ugha ldrk FkkA y{e.k dbZ ckj muds ijkØe dks ij[k pqds Fks vkSj mudk loZFkk muds fy;s mfpr gksrk] ;fn os y{e.k ls vfUre okD; bl çdkj u
,slk fo'okl gksuk LokHkkfod Fkk] ijUrq lhrk us rks fojy gh ;q¼ djrs gq, mUgsa cksyrhaA ijUrq blls vf/kd eSa dqN dgus ds fy;s rS;kj ugha gw¡A
ns[kk FkkA vr,o lhrk dSls le> ldrh Fkha fd Jh jke dks dHkh dksbZ {kfr gks gh ,d ckj ge iqu% ns[ksa fd jke dh çfØ;k bl çlax esa D;k gqbZ D;ksfa d
ugha ldrhA y{e.k le> ldrs FksA ,d ckj ;g le> ysus ds i'pkr~ fd y{e.k ewY;kadu dh ;gh lE;d~ dlkSVh gksxh] tc bl ?kVuk dh tkudkjh jke dks nh xbZ
ij dqN u dqN ncko Mkyuk gh gksxk] mUgksua s lkspk fd dguk lcls vPNh ;qfDr vkSj os le> x, fd y{e.k dks dSl&s dSls dVq mykgus lgus iMÛs Fks vkSj fdu
gksxh& y{e.k dks Hkstus ds fy,] muds çfr dVqopuA ,slk ugha fd bl mís'; ds ifjfLFkfr;ksa es]a mUgsa vius fu;r dÙkZO; LFky dks NksMÛ dj vkuk iMÛkA Jh jke us
fy,] mUgksua s dksbZ lE;d~ foospu fd;k gks] ij ;g fopkj muds eu esa lglk vk x;kA D;k dgk\ fuLlUnsg mUgsa viuh iRuh dk vkpj.k rks vPNk ugha yxk gksxkA
vo'; gh mUgksua s ekuk gksxk fd lhrk us tks dqN fd;k og mfpr ugha FkkA ijUrq
ré fl/;fr lkSfe=s ro ok HkjrL; okA
mudk vfUre er D;k Fkk] og ns[kus ;ksX; gSA mudk çse lhrk vkSj y{e.k ds
le{ka ro lkSfe=s çk.kkaLR;{;s u la'k;AA III.45.25-26*
çfr yxHkx cjkcj gh FkkA Jh jke y{e.k dks lhrk ls dqN vf/kd I;kj djrs Fks]
,slk lhrk dk fo'okl FkkA fdUrq ,slk ugha Fkk fd Jh jke ds ân; esa çPNék :i ls
dksbZ HksnHkko fNik FkkA os rks ogh dgrs Fks] tks U;k; laxr gksrk FkkA de ls de
* nsf[k, v-4, i`-57.
432 jkek;.k ds T;ksfr&LrEHk muÙkhlok¡ v/;k; 433

bruk rks ge jke ds fy, Lohdkj dj gh ldrs gSAa y{e.k dh ckr lqudj jke
cksys %
tkuéfi leFk± eka j{klka fofuokj.ksA lÙkkbZlok¡ v/;k;
vusu Øks/kokD;su eSfFkY;k fu%l`rks Hkoku~AA III.59.22
u fg rs ifjrq";kfe R;DRok ;nfl eSfFkyhe~A lhrk
dq)k;k% i:"ka okD;a JqRok ;Ùofegkxr%AA
loZFkk Roiuhra rs lhrk;k ;Rçpksfnr%A
Øks/kL; o'kekiéks ukdjks% 'kklua eeAA III.59. 22-24*
ßrqeus Bhd ugha fd;k fd rqe lhrk dks vdsyh NksMÛdj ;gk¡ pys vk;sA
y{e.k ds pys vkus ij jko.k dks volj fey x;k vkSj og lU;klh dk os'k
/kkj.k djds 'kh?kz gh i.kZdVq hj ij lhrk ds lEeq[k vk x;kA ml le; lhrk vius
vo'; gh rqe tkurs Fks fd eSa lc bdës jk{klksa dk Hkh fuokj.k djus eas leFkZ gw¡A
ifr dh fpUrk esa Mwch gqbZ FkhaA jko.k us lhrk ds lkSUn;Z dh ç'kalk djds mudk
ekjhp vkSj ,d e`x ls eq>s dksbZ Hk; ugha gks ldrkA rqe ;g HkyhHkk¡fr le>rs FksA
ifjp; iwNkA lhrk us vfrfFk lRdkj ds fy, lHkh vko';d lkefxz;ksa }kjk mldk
fQj Hkh rqe lhrk ds Øks/k;qDr opu ls mÙksftr gksdj fudy iMÛAs Øks/k;qDr ukjh
ds opu lqudj rqe ;gk¡ pys vk,] blls eSa lUrq"V ugha gw¡A blds fy, eSa rqEgsa lRdkj fd;kA ml le; os dqN ?kcjkgV lh eglwl dj jgh Fkha fd ,d lU;klh
{kek ugha dj ldrkA rqeus vius fu;e dÙkZO;LFky dks NksMÛ fn;k vkSj lhrk dk Lokxr vkSj lRdkj mUgsa djuk iMÛ jgk gSA os pkg jgh Fkh fd vPNk rks ;gh
vlqjf{kr jg xbZA og ogk¡ ladV esa gSA rqe pys D;ksa vk, y{e.k! Øksf/kr lhrk ls gksrk fd muds ifr vkSj nsoj Hkh ogk¡ mifLFkr gksrAs os blh çrh{kk esa Fkha fd os 'kh?kz
çsfjr gksdj Øks/k ds o'khHkwr gksdj] rqeus esjs vkns'k dk ikyu ugha fd;kAÞ gh vk tk;sxa As blhfy;s os ckj ckj ou eas pkjksa vksj n`f"V nkSMÛk jgh FkhaA dfo dgrk
gS fd os ckgj ns[k vo'; jgh Fkha] fdUrq mUgsa lc vksj gjk&Hkjk ou gh ou fn[kkbZ
;g loZFkk vU;k; gSA Jh jke dsoy ;g dgrs gSa fd lhrk Øks/k esa Fkh] os ;g fn;k] u fd jke y{e.kA blhfy, os fpUrkxzLr gks xb±A dsoy ;gh ugha] vfirq
ugha dgrs fd mls ,slk ugha dguk pkfg, FkkA os y{e.k dks gh nks"k nsrs gSAa lhrk mPp dksfV ds vfrfFk dk Lokxr ?kj ds iq#"kksa }kjk gh gksuk pkfg,A fuf'pr :i ls
dk dksbZ nks"k ugha] og rks fof{kIr FkhaA ßrqEgkjs tSls O;fDr dks ,d fof{kIr O;fDr mUgsa Hk; Hkh Fkk fd os ,d dfBu vkSj ladViw.kZ vfHk;ku ij x;s gq;s FksA os lkFk
ij Øksf/kr ugha gksuk pkfg, FkkAÞ esjs fopkj esa ,d Vhdkdkj us le>nkjh dh ckr gh lkFk ;g Hkh lksp jgh gksxa h fd dqN lhek rd os Lo;a gh bl ifjfLFkfr ds fy;s
dgh gSA mls eSa dqN ladksp ds lkFk vkidh LohÏfr ds fy, is'k djrk gw¡A* lhrk mÙkjnk;h gSa vkSj mudk ân; iqdkj jgk gksxk fd fdlh çdkj os nksuksa ldq'ky ykSV
dh vkRe?kkr dh /kedh dks ns [ krs gq , &lq > ko ,d ;g gS fd lhrk ds vk;saA
vuqjks/k ds vuqdy w y{e.k dks vkJe ls rks py nsuk pkfg, Fkk] dqN nwjA fdUrq
rr% lqo"s ka e`x;kxra ifra çrh{kek.kk lgy{e.ka rnkA
vklikl gh Bgjs jguk Fkk] ftlls lhrk dks rks ;g fo'okl gks tkrk fd os jke dh
fooh{kek.kk gfjra nn'kZ rUeg}ua uSo rq jkey{e.kkSAA III.46.37
rjQÛ pys x;s gS]a ijUrq vf/kd nwj ugha] rkfd vkifÙk ds le; os mudh j{kk dj
ldsAa ;g cMÛk lVhd lq>ko gSA esjk vuqeku gS fd Jh jke ds eu eas Hkh ;gh ckr igyh gh ckrphr esa jko.k us lhrk ls iwNk fd os dkSu gSAa mUgkaus s viuk
vk;h gksxhA ifjp; nsuk vkjEHk dj fd;kA vius o`ÙkkUr ds chp lhrk }kjk fn;s x;s ,d
oDrO; dh vksj /;ku fnykuk vko';d gSA os crkrh gSa fd fdl çdkj dSd;s h
}kjk Jh jke dks ou eas tkus dk vkns'k lquk;k x;k] Jh jke us v;ks/;k ls fonk yh
vkSj os muds lkFk py nha vkSj y{e.k Hkh lkFk vk x,A bl le; y{e.k ds fo"k;
esa os dgrh gS&a Lej.k jgs] vHkh FkksMÛh nsj igys gh y{e.k muds ikl ls x, Fks]
* bl lanHkZ esa xksfoUnjkt dh fVIi.kh bl çdkj gS % ÞdFkafpnlgus cfgjkxR;kUrfgZrks HkwRok dqN xjek&xje dgk&lquh ds ckn vc mUgsa nq%[k gks jgk Fkk fd y{e.k ds çfr
rRifjikyua dÙkZO;e~A dsoyekxua rokiuhfrjsosfr Hkko%Aß fdUrq y{.k ds fnekxÛ esa ;g ckr ugha vkbZ mUgksua s dqN v'kksHkuh; ckrsa dg nh Fkh] ml ?kVuk dks gq, dqN gh {k.k chrs gksxa &s
D;ksafd os Lo;a mÙksftr gks x,A os Hkh Øks/kh LoHkko ds Fks vFkok mUgsa ,slk djuk mfpr u le>kA
os dgrh gSa %
433

jkeL; iq:"kO;k?kz% lgk;% lejs·fjgkA fugR; i`"kra pkU;a ekaleknk; jk?ko%A
l Hkzkrk y{e.kks uke /keZpkjh n`<ozr%A Rojek.kks tuLFkkua lalkjkfHkeq[kLrnkAA III.44.28
vUoxPN)uq"ikf.k% çoztUra e;k lgAA III.47.19,20 os ml yksd
s foy{k.k fpÙkdcjs e`x dk o/k djds vkSj vU; ek¡l ysdj Jh
ßJh jke ds HkkbZ] y{e.k cMÛs ijkØeh gSAa lejHkwfe easa 'k=qvksa dk lagkj djus jke rRdky gh tuLFkku ds fudVorhZ iapoVh esa fLFkr vius vkJe dh vksj
okys iq#"kflag y{e.k Jh jke ds lgk;d gS]a cU/kq gS]a /keZpkjh vkSj n`<Ûorh gSAa esjs mrkoyh ds lkFk pysA ml fnu jke dsoy ,d i`"kr fprdcjk e`x gh yk;sA
ifr] tc jkT; dk ifjR;kx dj] lU;klh os'k /kkj.k dj ou vkus yxs] rc vc ge bl n`'; ds nwljs Hkkx ij vkrs gSAa tc lhrk }kjk iwNus ij] jko.k
y{e.k gkFk esa /kuq"k ysdj gekjs lkFk ihNs&ihNs py fn,AÞ vius vkidks çdV djrk gSa vkSj mudks viuh Hkk;kZ cukus dh ?k`f.kr dkeuk O;Dr
;gk¡ lhrk y{e.k dk o.kZu djrs le; nks lkjx£Hkr fo'ks"k.kksa dk ç;ksx djrk gSA lhrk vfu;U=.kh; Øks/kkos'k esa ml ij cjl iMÛrh gSAa og va'k] ftlesa
djrh gS]a tks vFkZi.w kZ gSa D;ksfa d lhrk }kjk dgs x;s dBksj opuksa ds ckn gh budk os QVdkj lqukrh gS]a vR;Ur vyadkj ;qDr gSAa dfo iqujko`fÙk oSfp«; dk ç;ksx
ç;ksx gqvk gSA os mudks ,d /keZpkjh vkSj ^n`<Ûor~* dh laKk nsrh gSA ;s 'kCn ,sls djrk gS vFkkZr~ ,d gh okD;ka'k ckj&ckj nksgjk;k x;k gSA ikBdksa ij rks bldk
ugha gS]a ftudk ç;ksx ,sls O;fDr ds fy, fd;k x;k gks] tks Lo;a vius HkkbZ dh çHkko uhjl gh dgk tk ldrk gSA vr,o] tSlh dh vis{kk dh tk ldrh gS] blesa
iRuh ij yksyiq n`f"V Mkyus okyk gksA blls Li"V gksrk fd vc mudks vglkl ifjiDork] çkS<Ûrk dkO; lkSUn;Z ,oa fopkjksa dh xEHkhjrk dk loZFkk vHkko gSA
gqvk fd mUgksua s y{e.k ds çfr vuqfpr dBksj 'kCnksa dk ç;ksx fd;k FkkA ge lcdks bldk ç;ksx dsoy jko.k dks QVdkj lqukus ds fy, gh fd;k x;k gSA eSa Lo;a ugha
/;ku esa j[kuk pkfg, fd dBksj opukas dk ç;ksx djrs le;] mudk /;ku muds ekurk fd bl va'k dks i<Ûdj vki fo'okl ds lkFk nkok djsxa s fd lhrk us lpeqp
vFkZ ij fcYdqy u Fkk] vfirq y{e.k dks mudh ckr ekuus ds fy;s foo'k djus ds ,slh vyaÏr miekvks]a :idksa rFkk vkyadkfjd iqujko`fÙk dk ç;ksx fd;k gksxkA
fy;sA blls vf/kd lhrk ds 'kCnksa esa dksbZ vkSj vfHkçk; ugha <w¡<uk pkfg,A ;g rks dsoy ,d dqfir ukjh dh dfo dYiuk gS] tks viuh vkRej{kk gsrq viuh
rnuUrj os dgrh gSa fd ykSVdj vkus ij muds ifr mudk vfrfFk lRdkj okfXerk dh iwjh ijdk"Bk rd mB tkrh gSA
cMÛs mnkjrk ls djsxa As jko.k ds ikiiw.kZ euksHkkoksa ls O;fFkr gksdj lhrk fuLladksp vkSj fuHkhZd
vkxfe";fr es HkrkZ oU;eknk; iq"dye~A gksdj mls eq¡grksMÛ mÙkj nsus yxhaA muds 'kCn Øks/k o frjLdkj ls ifjiw.kZ Fks]
:#u xks/kku~ ojkgka'p gRoknk;kfe"kku~ cgwuA~ A III.47.23 ßikih fu'kkpj! rw rks muds lkeus ,d fl;kj gS vkSj esa ,d flaguh gw¡A eSa rsjs fy,
ßesjs Lokeh çpqj ek=k esa ou esa miyC/k inkFkZ] fHkék&fHkék çdkj ds vkgkj loZFkk vyH; gw¡] bldk D;k rq>s vglkl ugha\ D;k rw eq> tSlh Jh jke dh
ysdj vkrs gh gksxa As #:] gfj.k] ?kfMÛ;ky vkSj taxyh lqvj vkfn dk o/k djds ifrozrk vkSj lq;ksX; lgpjh dks çkIr djus dh rqPN bPNk j[krk gS\ vjs! tSls lw;Z
cgqr çdkj ds ek¡l ysdj vHkh vkrs gh gksxa As ml le; vkidk fo'ks"k lRdkj dks çHkk ij dksbZ gkFk ugha yxk ldrk] mlh çdkj rw eq>s Nw Hkh ugha ldrkA vHkkxs
gksxkAÞ jk{kl] rsjk bruk lkgl! rw Jh jke dk fç; iRuh dk vigj.k djuk pkgrk gS\
eSa ;g va'k ;g fn[kkus ds fy;s ns jgk gw¡ fd ml le; ek¡lkgkj ls os ijgsTÛk fu'p; gh rq>s lksus ds o`{k fn[kkbZ nsus yxs gSAa dgk tkrk gS] ,slk e`R;qnfa Mr
djrs Fks] ,slh dYiuk dh dksbZ xat q kb'k ugha gSA ;|fi lhrk us ek¡l dh çpqjrk dh O;fDr;ksa ds lkFk gksrk gSA vius nqLlkgl ds dkj.k vc rw ekSr ds fudV vk igq¡pk
ckr dgh Fkh] fdUrq] okLrfodrk rks ;g Fkh] tSls fd dfo us dqN igys gh crk gSA rw Jh jke dh iRuh dks gLrxr djuk pkgrk gSA ,slk tku iMÛrk gS fd rw
fn;k Fkk] fd ml fnu tc Jh jke ds ck.k us e`x:i/kkjh ekjhp ds ân; dks vR;Ur osx'kkyh e`xoSjh Hkw[ks flag vkSj Qad q kjrs gq, fo"k/kj liZ ds eq[k ls muds
fonh.kZ dj fn;k] mlus e`x:i Ïf=e 'kjhj dk R;kx dj jk{kl :i /kkj.k dj nk¡r rksMÛuk pkgrk gS] ioZr Js"B egku eUnjkpy dks vius nqcy Z gkFk ls ys tkus
fy;k vkSj ßgk lhrs! gk y{e.k!Þ dgdj iqdkj yxkbZA ;g ns[kdj Jh jke lhrk dh bPNk j[krk gS rFkk vk¡[k dks uqdhyh lqbZ ls iksN a rk vkSj Nqjs dks thHk ls pkVrk
vkSj y{e.k dh vksj ls fpfUrr gks x, FksA mlds 'kCn lqudj Jh jke dks vk'kadk gSA D;k rw xys esa iRFkj ck¡/kdj leqæ dks ikj djuk pkgrk gS\ lw;Z vkSj pUæek]
gqbZ fd vkJe esa dqN vfu"V u gks tk;sA vr,o] os 'kh?kz gh ykSVuk pkgrs FksA ml nksuksa dks vius gkFk ls gj ysus dh bPNk j[krk gS] tks rw Jh jke dh iRuh ij
çdkj dh çpqj [kk| lkexzh ykus dk le; ugha FkkA vr,o] dfo crkrk gS % cykRdkj djus ij mrk: gqvk gS\ ;fn rw Jh jke dh dY;k.ko`Ùk Hkk;kZ dk
vigj.k djuk pkgrk gS] rks vo'; gh tyrh gqbZ vkx dks ns[kdj Hkh rw diMÛs esa

ck¡/kdj ys tkus dh bPNk j[krk gSA vjs! rw Jh jke dh Hkk;kZ] tks loZFkk muds gh mrkj&p<Ûkoksa dh tkudkjh gS] ftuds dkj.k lhrk us brus vk¡lw cgk;s gksxa As ;|fi
;ksX; gS] gLrxr djuk pkgrk gS] rks fu'p; gh rw yksgs ds uqdhys eq[kokys 'kwyksa og okfVdk vR;Ur je.kh; Fkh] ijUrq ogk¡ vkus ij lhrk ds vax&vax esa 'kksd
ds chp pyus dh vfHkyk"kk j[krk gSA tks vUrj ou esa jgus okys flag vkSj fl;kj O;kIr gks x;kA
esa gS] tks vUrj leqæ vkSj ,d NksVh unh esa gS] tks vUrj ve`r vkSj tkS fd dkath lk rq 'kksdijhrk³~xh eSfFkyh tudkRetkA
esa gS]a ogh vUrj jk?ko vkSj rq>esa gSAa tks vUrj lksus vkSj lhls esa gS]a tks vUrj jk{klho'kekiék O;k?kzh.kka gfj.kh ;FkkAA
pUnu fefJr ty vkSj dhpMÛ esa gS] tks vUrj gkFkh vkSj fcyko esa gS]a ogh vUrj 'kksdu s egrk xzLrk eSfFkyh tudkRetkA
n'kjFk uUnu Jh jke vkSj rq>esa gSA x#MÛ vkSj dkSos es]a eksj vkSj ty dkd esa rFkk u 'keZ yHkrs Hkh:% ik'kc)k e`xh ;FkkAA III.56. 34,35
ouoklh g¡l vkSj x`/k es]a tks vUrj gS] ogh vUrj n'kjFkuUnu Jh jke vkSj rq>esa jk{kfl;ksa ds o'k esa iMÛdj mudh n'kk ckf?kfu;ksa ds chp esa f?kjh gqbZ gfj.kh
gSA tc lgò us=/kkjh bUæ ds leku çHkko'kkyh Jh jke gkFk esa /kuq"k vkSj ck.k ds leku gks xbZA egku 'kksd ls xzLr gqbZ lhrk tky esa Q¡lh gqbZ e`xh ds leku
ysdj [kMÛs gks tk;sxa ]s ml le; rw esjk vigj.k djds Hkh eq>s ipk ugha ldsxk] Hk;Hkhr gksdj {k.kHkj ds fy;s Hkh pSu ugha ikrh FkhA
Bhd mlh çdkj] tSls eD[kh ?kh ihdj mls ipk ugha ldrhAÞ
;s nks 'yksd] tks fd iwjs lxZ ds çfrfuf/k gS]a nks miek;sa gSAa gekjk dfo
vkidks ;kn gh gksxk fd tc lhrk jko.k }kjk vkdk'k ekxZ ls ys tkbZ tk miekvksa dk /kuh gSA dksbZ Hkh fLFkfr gks og vf/kd ls vf/kd lEHko rqyukvksa vkSj
jgh Fkha] mUgksua s iEik ljksoj ds Åij ls tkrs gq,] ioZr f'k[kj ij ik¡p okujksa dks n`"VkUrksa ds ç;ksx fcuk mudk o.kZu ugha djrkA ,slk çrhr gksrk gS fd ;s
cSBs ns[kkA ml le; Hkh lhrk esa bruh lq/k&cq/k Fkh fd mUgksaus ;g lkspdj LokHkkfod :i ls mlds eq¡g ls >MÛrh gksA ,d ckj tc ckr cgqr c<Û xbZ vkSj
dnkfpr~~ Jh jke mudh [kkst djrs&djrs m/kj vk;s] rks ;s okuj Jh jke dk jko.k }kjk nh xbZ ;kruk;sa o.kZukrhr vkSj vlguh; gks xbZ] os ,d yEcs 'yksdksa ds
lekpkj dg ldsxa s fd HkkX; us muds lkFk D;k [ksy [ksyk! mUgksua s viuh js'keh lxZ esa Loxr dFku }kjk vius Hkko O;Dr djrh gSa (lqUnj dkaM 28)A vj.; dkaM
pknj mrkjh vkSj dqN oL= vkSj vkHkw"k.k k[k dj mu okujksa ds chp Qsd a fn,A ds ml vyadkj;qDr va'k] ftldks eSua s vHkh fn;k gS] o.kZu dh n`f"V ls Hkkjh oS"kE;
dnkfpr~~ jko.k cMÛh ?kcjkgV ds dkj.k ;g dk;Z u ns[k ldkA eSa bu ckrksa dk gSA ;g okfXerk dh mPp Js.kh rd igqp¡ tkrk gS vkSj blesa fofo/k jlksa dk feJ.k
mYys[k ;g fn[kkus ds fy, dj jgk gw¡ fd ladV ls le; Hkh os ,d çcq¼ ukjh FkhaA gS] tks fuLlUnsg d#.k jl ds gh :i Hksn gSAa blesa 'kksd gS] fuosnZ vkSj uSjk'; ga]S
os Hkyh çdkj tkurh Fkh fd fdl fLFkfr esa D;k djuk pkfg,A rnuUrj jko.k mUgsa mikyEHk gS]a vkSj vUr es]a vkRegR;k djus dk ladYi Hkh gSAa
jk{kfl;ksa dks lqinq Z djds v'kksd&okfVdk esa ys tkus dk vkns'k nsrk gSA jko.k
jko.k ds mu opuksas dks lqudj lhrk Hk;] 'kksd vkSj {kksHk esa Mwc xb±] tSlS
jk{kfl;ksa dks bl çdkj vkns'k nsrk gS %
ou esa flag ds iats esa iMÛh gqbZ dksbZ xtjkt dh cPphA mu mtì jk{kfl;ksa ds chp
r=suka rtZuS?kksZjS% iqu% lkURoS'p eSfFkyhe~A mudh ckj&ckj /kedh vkSj jko.k }kjk QVdkjh xbZ Hkh# LoHkko okyh lhrk futZu
vku;/oa o'ka lokZ oU;ka xto/kwfeoAA III.56.31 ,oa chgMÛ ou esa ekrk&firk }kjk NqVh gqbZ vYiO;Ld lqdksey ckfydk ds leku
ßfu'kkpfj;ks!a igys rks Hk;adj xtZu&rtZu djds bls Mjkuk] /kedkuk] fQj foyki djus yxhaA eu gh eu os dgrh gS]a ßlUrtu Bhd gh dgrs gSa fd fcuk
ehBs&ehBs opuksa ls le>k&cq>kdj taxy dh gfFkuh dh Hkk¡fr bl lhrk dks rqe le; vk;s fdlh dh e`R;q Hkh ugha vkrh! blhfy, rks eSa iq.;ghuk ukjh bruh
lc o'k esa ykus dh ps"Vk djukA tSls Hkh gks] fdlh u fdlh çdkj bldk fnekxÛ /kefd;ksa ds ckotwn Hkh thfor gw¡A esjk ân; lq[k jfgr] lUrki Hkjk gksus ij Hkh]
fBdkus ij ykvks] ftlls og esjh bPNkiw£r ds fy, eku tk;sAÞ fu'p; vR;Ur n`<Û gSAa blhfy, bUæ ds otz }kjk ekjs gq, ioZr f'k[kj dh Hkk¡fr
ge dYiuk dj ldrs gSa fd bl le; ls ysdj guqeku ds vkxeu rd blds lgò VqdMÛs ugha gks x;sA eSa bl nq"V jko.k ds gkFk ls ekjh tkus okyh gw¡]
yxHkx nl eghuksa ds vUrjky esa jko.k cjkcj lhrk ls feyus vkrk jgk gksxk vkSj blfy, ;gk¡ vkRe?kkr djus esa Hkh dksbZ nks"k ugha yxrkA dqN Hkh gks] tSls f}t
lHkh çdkj ls ;kruk nsrk gksxkA dfo us gekjh tkudkjh ds fy, dqN FkksMÛs ls gh fdlh vf}t dks osnea= dk mins'k ugha ns ldrk] mlh çdkj eSa Hkh bl fu'kkpj
n`';ksa dk o.kZu fd;k gS] rFkkfi tks larki cspkjh lhrk us yxkrkj >sys gksxa ]s mUgsa dks vius ân; dk vuqjkx ugha ns ldrhA gk;! yksdukFk Jh jke ds vkus ls iwoZ gh
gesa crkus esa i;kZIr gSAa dYiukrhr gS fd dfo mudk o.kZu fdl çdkj dj ik;k gS ;g nq"V jk{kl vius rh[ks 'kL=ksa ls esjs vax&vax ds VqdMÛs dj Mkysxk] Bhd oSls
;k vki vkSj ge blds ckjs esa lksprs gSa] ftudks dsoy NksVh&NksVh ?kVukvksa]

gh tSls ,d 'kY; fpfdRld (fdlh fo'ks"k voLFkk es)a xHkZLFk f'k'kq dks Vwd&Vwd dj lhrk us cgqr lksp&fopkj ds ckn vius dqN ds'k ysdj vius xys esa ck¡/k fy;s
nsrk gSA eSa cMÛh nqf[k;k gw¡A nq%[k dh ckr gS fd esjh vYi vof/k ds ;s nks eghus Hkh vkSj Qank yxk fy;k vkSj n`<Û ladYi Hkko ls eu gh eu esa lkspus yxha] Þblh
tYnh gh lekIr gks tk;sxa As jktk ds dkjxkj esa dÛnS gq, Qkalh dh ltk ikus okys çdkj eSa vc 'kh?kz gh ;ejkt ds ikl igq¡p tkÅ¡xhAÞ bl çdkj 'kkUrHkko ls çk.k
pksj dh tks n'kk gksrh gS] ogh esjh Hkh gSA gk jke! gk y{e.k! gk lqfe=S! gk dkSlY;s! R;kx ds fy;s m|r gksdj tc os Jh jke] y{e.k vkSj vius dqy ds fo"k; esa
vkSj gk esjh ekrkvka!s ftl çdkj coaMj esa iMÛh gqbZ ukSdk egklkxj esa Mwc tkrh gS] fopkj djus yxha] ml le; ,d peRdkj gqvkA lhrk ds le{k ,sls dqN yksdçfl¼
mlh çdkj eUnHkkfxuh lhrk çk.k ladV dh n'kk esa iMÛh gqbZ gSA fu'p; gh fdlh Js"B 'kdqu çdV gq,] tks 'kksd dh fuo`fÙk djus okys vkSj lkURouk nsus s okys Fks
vifo= Hkwr&çsr vkRek us e`x:i /kkj.k djds esjs dkj.k gh mu nksuksa jktdqekjksa ekuks ;g lUns'k ns jgs gks]a ßlkSHkkX; vc nwj ughaAÞ bu 'kdquksa dk n'kZu vkSj muds
dh gR;k dj nh gksxh] ftlls os eq>s NqMÛk u ldsAa tSls nks flag otzikr ls ekj fn, 'kqHk Qyksa dk vuqHko mUgsa igys Hkh gks pqdk FkkA
tkrs gS]a ogh n'kk mudh Hkh gqbZ gksxhA vc esjh le> esa vk;k] vo'; gh ml le; vc eSa vkidks dqN pViVh ckrsa crkus tk jgk gw¡] ijUrq dqN FkksMÛh&lh gh]
'k=q dky us gh e`x dk :i /kkj.k djds eq>dks yqHkk;k] ftlls çHkkfor gksdj eq> tks bl fo'kky HkaMkj esa ls cVksjk tk ldrh gS]a ftuesa dqN egÙoiw.kZ Hkh ga]S ftudk
ew<Û ukjh us mu nksuksa vk;Zi=q ksa dks v'kksHkuh; ckrsa dgdj e`x ds ihNs Hkst fn;kA ;nk&dnk yksx m¼j.k nsrs gSAa tSls fd lc tkurs gS]a ,slh ekU;rk gSa fd ,d
gk lR;ozrh egkckgq Jh jke! gk iw.kZ pUæek dh dkfUr ds leku eq[k okys j?kqéknu! lPpfjr ukjh dk lrhRo vfXu ds leku gSA mlesa vfXu ln`'k 'kfDr gS vkSj og
gk tho&txr ds fgrS"kh fç;re! vkidks irk ugha gS fd eSa jk{klksa ds gkFk ekjh fdlh Hkh O;fDr dks tykdj jk[k dj ldrh gS] tks mldk cykRdkj ;k vieku
tkus okyh gw¡A esjh ;g vuU;ksikluk] {kek] Hkwfe'k;u] /keZ lEcU/kh fu;eksa dk djus dk nqLlkgl djrk gksA ,slk fo'okl gekjs lkfgR; esa ijEijkxr gSA dqN
ikyu] ifrozrijk;.krk lHkh Ïr?u O;fDr;ksa ds çfr fd;s x;s midkjksa dh Hkk¡fr yksx rks bls v{kj'k% lR; ekurs gSa vkSj dgrs gSa vkSj ,slk fy[krs Hkh gSa fd lhrk
fu"Qy gks x,A ;fn eSa vR;Ur Ï'k vkSj dkfUrghu gksdj vkids n'kZu u dj esa lrhRo dh vfXu O;kIr Fkh vkSj ;fn og pkgrha] rks Lo;a gh vius d"Vksa dk vUr
ldw¡xh] rks fujk'k gksdj eqj>k tkÅ¡xh] fujUrj fo:i vkSj mnklhu jgus lsA ;g dj ldrh FkhaA os ,slh /kkj.kk ls ifjfpr Fks vkSj mUgsa ,slk fo'okl Hkh FkkA ijUrq
/keZ Hkh esjs fy, O;FkZ gks x;k vkSj iRuhozr Hkh dke u vk;kA gk;! eSa rks bl 'kksd yadk ls ykSVus ij guqeku okujksa ls bl çdkj dgrs gSa %
lUrIr nqn'Z kk esa gh lekIr gks tkÅ¡xhA eSa le>rh gw¡] vki fu;ekuqlkj pkSng o"kZ loZFkkfrço`)ks·lkS jko.kks jk{klkf/ki%AA
iw.kZ djds] firk dh vkKk dk ikyu djds vkSj vius ozr dk ikyu djds tc ou rL; rka Li`'rks xk=a rilk u foukf'kre~AA V.59.3,4
ls ykSVxas ]s rc fuHkZ; vkSj cgqr lh lQy euksjFk gks lqUnfj;ksa ds lkFk fookg djds ßjko.k loZFkk egku rikscy lEiék tku iMÛrk gS] ftldk nq"V bjkns ls vax
vki muds lkFk Lej.k djsxa As fdUrq Jh jke! eSa rks dsoy vkidh gh vuqjkfxuh gw¡A lhrk dk Li'kZ djrs le; mudh riL;k ls u"V u"V ugha gks x;kAÞ os vkxs Hkh
esjk ân; fpjdky rd dsoy vkils gh c¡/kk jgsxkA vc rd eSua s ri] ozr vkfn] dgrs gSa %
tks dqN Hkh fd;k] og lc dqN esjs fy, O;FkZ fl¼ gqvk gSA ml vHkh"V Qy dks u fu;r% leqnkpkjks HkfDrHkZrfZ j pksÙkekA
nsus okys /keZ dk vkpj.k djds vc eq>s çk.kksa dk ifjR;kx djuk iMÛxs kA ckY; ;é gfUr n'kxzhoa l egkRek n'kkuu%AA
dky ls gh esjk eu rqEgsas le£ir gks pqdk Fkk] vusd o"kZ iw.kZ vkuUn ,oa lUrks"k ds fufeÙkek=a jkeLrq o/ks rL; Hkfo";frAA V.59.34,35
lkFk rqEgkjs lax O;rhr fd;sA dkSu lk d"V vkSj lUrki ,slk Fkk] ftls eSua s ugha ßlhrk esa lqn`<Û lnkpkj fo|eku gS] vius ifr ds çfr vuU; HkfDr gSA ;fn
>syk\ vc eSa vdsyh gh fuLlgk; ej tkÅ¡xhA bl nqHkkZX; dks D;ksa vc nsj rd lhrk ds lrhRo dh vfXu us jko.k dks ugha tyk;k] blls çrhr gksrk gS] jko.k
pyus nw¡\ eSa 'kh?kz gh fdlh rh[ks 'kL= rFkk fo"kiku djds D;kas u vius thou dk egkRek gSA fdUrq] fQj Hkh mldh riL;k æqrxfr ls {kh.k gks jgh gSA lhrk gj.k ds
vUr dj nw¡\ ijUrq bl vkjf{kr LFkku esa eq>s dksbZ fo"k ;k 'kL= nsus okyk Hkh ugha iki ls rks og u"Vçk; gh gSA tc jke viuk cnyk ysus ;gk¡ vk;sxa ]s mUgsa mlds
gSAß bl çdkj jksrh&fcy[krh vius HkkX; dks dkslrh gqb]Z dk¡irs gq, Ï'k 'kjhj] o/k esa dsoy ,d ck.k pykus dh tÛ:jr gS] D;ksfa d og nq"Vrk ij mrk: gS vkSj
yVds gq, eq[k] dkfUrghu vkÏfr okyh lhrk] ftldk fpÙk dsoy jke esa gh yxk lhrk dks bruk lrk jgk gS fd mldk ril {kh.k gks jgk gSA Jh jke ds vkus ij rks
gqvk Fkk] ,d nwj rd QSys gq, iqf"ir f'ka'kik o`{k dh vksj py nhaA lhrk ml og dsoy vkÏfr ek= gh jg tk;sxkAÞ
v'kksd&o`{k ds fudV mldh 'kk[kk idMÛdj [kMÛh gks xb±A 'kksd vkSj uSjk';xzLr

tÛjk ns[ks]a lhrk bl lEcU/k esa D;k dgrh gSAa bl fo"k; esa lhrk dh ,d viuh O;Fkk ds dkj.k lhrk us vius efLr"d esa yadk dh nqn'Z kk dk ,slk
mfDr gS] tks çklafxd gS % fp= cuk;kA ;g loZFkk LokHkkfod gh gSA vkidks ;k gesa mudks nks"k nsuk mfpr ugha gSA
vlUns'kkÙkq jkeL; ril'pkuqikyukr~A D;k ge lhrk dks nks"k ns ldrs gS\a ,d vU; çlax esa Hkh] tc guqeku lhrk
u Roka dqÆe n'kxzho HkLe HkLekgZrt s lkAA V.22.20 ls cMÛh Lusge;h fonk ysdj pyus yxs] fonkbZ ds le; lhrk us guqeku ls ,d
tc jko.k lhrk dks nl ekl dh vof/k nsrk gS] os mls QVdkjrh gSAa os jkr #dus dk vuqjks/k fd;kA ;g çlax v;ks/;k dkaM ds ml va'k dh ;kn fnykrk
dgrh gS]a ßn'keq[k jko.k! D;ksfa d esjk rst gh rqEgsa HkLe djus ds fy, i;kZIr gSAa gS] tc n'kjFk us Jh jke ls ,d jkr #dus dk vuqjks/k fd;k FkkA tSls Jh jke us
;fn eSa pkgw¡] rks rqEgkjs fo#¼ mldk ç;ksx d:¡A ijUrq eSa ,slk ugha dj jgh gw¡ n'kjFk dh ckr ugha ekuh] oSls gh guqeku us lhrk ds vuqjks/k dk ikyu ugha fd;kA
D;kafs d eSa viuk rikscy lqjf{kr j[kuk pkgrh gw¡A blds vfrfjDr Jh jke dk guqeku ds tkrs gh jk{kfl;ksa dh uhan [kqyh vkSj muds dku esa okrkZyki dh dqN
dksbZ vkns'k Hkh ugha feyk gSa fd eSa viuh çfrj{kk Loa; d:¡A ;g Hkkj mUgh ij gSa Hkud iMÛ pqdh Fkh] dnkfpr~~ mUgksua s guqeku vkSj lhrk ds okrkZyki dk dqN va'k
fd os Loa; vkdj eq>s cpk;sAa eq>s viuk cpko vius vki ugha djuk pkfg,AÞ lqu Hkh fy;k gksA mUgksuas lhrk ls iwNk] ß;g okuj dkSu gS] ftlls rqe vHkh&vHkh
blls Li"V gS fd mUgsa iw.kZ fo'okl Fkk fd vUrr% mUgsa cpk fy;k tk;sxkA ckrsa dj jgh Fkh\ og rks dksbZ vkQÛr dk ijdkyk ekywe gksrk gSA og lc o`{kksa dk
lhrk dh ,d vkSj fo'ks"krk Hkh çdV gksrh gSA os LoHkko ls vR;Ur dksey uk'k jko.k ds ouksa dks {kfr igq¡pkrk fQjrk gSAÞ lhrk us mÙkj bl çdkj fn;k %
FkhaA çk;% d#.kk vkSj n;k ls ifjiw.kZ gksus ds dkj.k os ,d eD[kh dks Hkh {kfr vFkkczohÙknk lk/oh lhrk lokZ³x ~ lqUnjhA
igq¡pkuk ugha pkgrh FkhaA fQj Hkh fnu&fnu] ?kaV&s ?kaVs jko.k ds dkjkxkj esa d"V j{klka Hkhe#ik.kka foKkus ee dk xfr%AA
lgrs&lgrs vkSj bu jkf{kl;ksa }kjk la=Lr gksr&s gksr]s os ,d fnu QwV iMÛrh gSAa ;w;esokfHktkuhr ;ks·;a ;}k dfj";frA
;k<`'kkuhg n`';Urs y³~dk;ke'kqHkkfu oSA vfgjso ágs% iknku~ fotkukfr u la'k;AA
vfpjs.koS dkysu çkIL;kE;so euksjFke~AA vgeI;L; HkhrkfLe uSua tukfe dks Uo;e~A
uwua y³~dk grs ikis jko.ks jk{klk/kesA osfù jk{klesou S a dke#fi.kekxre~AA V.42.8-10
'kks"ka ;kL;fr nq/kZ"kkZ çenk fo/kok ;FkkAA ßviuh bPNkuqlkj :i /kkj.k djus okys jk{klksa dks le>us ;k igpkuus dk
uwua jk{kldU;kuka :nUrhuka x`gs x`gsA
esjs ikl D;k lk/ku gS\ rqEgha tkuks ;g dkSu gS vkSj D;k djsxk\ lk¡i ds iSjksa dks
Jks";kfe ufpjknso nq%[kkrkZukfeg /ofue~AA lk¡i gh igpkurk gS] blesa la'k; ugha (;g dgkor ml le; lqKkr gksxh)A eSa Hkh
bls ns[k dj cgqr Mjh gqbZ gw¡A eq>s ugha ekywe ;g dkSu gSA eSa rks bls bPNkuqlkj
lkU/kdkjk gr|ksrk grjk{kliq³x ~ okA
Hkfo";fr iqjh y³~dk funZX/kk jkelk;dS%AA V.26.26,27,29,30 :i/kkjh dksbZ jk{kl gh le>rh gw¡AÞ
ßvc le; 'kh?kz vkus okyk gS] tc fd esjk ;g euksjFk iw.kZ gksxkA rqe çR;{kr% ;g lQÛkbZ dks fNikuk Fkk] blesa la'k; ughaA bl ij dkQÛh okn&fookn
lcdk ;g nqjkpkj rqEgkjs fy, 'kh?kz gh foijhr ifj.kke mifLFkr djsxk] ,slk Li"V Hkh gqvk gSA eSa rks ;gh le>rk gw¡ fd lhrk ds fy, lQÛkbZ nsus dh mRlqdrk ds fy;s
tku iMÛrk gSA yadk esa tSl&S tSlS v'kqHk y{k.k fn[kkbZ ns jgs gS]a mlls çrhr gksrk yksxksa us vusd çdkj dh nyhysa nh gSAa ,d oxZ dgrk gS fd bl 'yksd esa çPNék
gS fd ;g lc ped&ned u"V gks tk;sxhA ikikpkjh jko.k ds o/k ds mijkUr ;g vFkZ fufgr gS] tks lR; gS vkSj ogh lhrk dk vk'k; Hkh FkkA os cMÛh prqjkbZ ls bl
nq/kZ"kZ yadk Hkh fu'p; gh fo/kok dh Hkk¡fr lw[k tk;sxhA fu'p; gh eSa cgqr 'kh?kz gh va'k esa ls 'kCnksa dks rksMÛ&ejksMÛdj vkSj dqN va'kksa dh vis{kk djds vUrr% ,slk
?kj&?kj ls vkrqj jk{kl dU;kvksa dh ØUnu /ofu lqu¡wxhA D;ksfd çR;sd dksbZ u vFkZ rS;kj dj nsrs gS]a tks u rks çklafxd gS] u gh rdZlxa r] u gh lhrk ds fy,
dksbZ jk{kl ;q¼ ds fy, tk;sxk vkSj ekjk tk;sxk pkjksa vkSj nq%[k gh nq%[k O;kIr 'kksHkuh;A vU; ekurs gSa fd lhrk dk dFku vlR; Fkk] fdUrq os iwNrs gSa fd D;k
gksxkA Jh jke ds ck.kksa ls nX/k gksus ds dkj.k leLr yadkiqjh dh çHkk u"V gks lhrk jk{kfl;ksa dks lPpkbZ crkus ds fy;s ck/; Fkha\ eSa ugha dgrk fd os ck/; FkhaA
tk;sxhA blesa vU/kdkj Nk tk;sxk vkSj ;gk¡ ds lHkh çeq[k jk{kl dky ds xky esa fdUrq] os vçR;{kr% Lohdkj djrs gSa fd ;g vlR; FkkA mudk er gS fd mudk
pys tk;saxsAÞ ,slk djuk Le`frlEer Fkk] ftlds vuqlkj dqN ik¡p ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa O;fDr vlR;
cksy ldrk gS vkSj mls iki ugha yx ldrkA ;fn bu ik¡p ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks ns[ks]a

rks irk pyrk gS fd os bruh yphyh gSa fd nqfu;k esa vkt rd cksys x, lHkh dj jgh Fkha] Bhd mlh le;] guqeku yadk dh ohfFk;ksa esa ?kwe&?kwe dj vkSj
vlR;ksa dks <d ldrh gSA eSa ,d mnkgj.k nw¡xk] tks fd bl lUnHkZ esa çklafxd gSA fpYyk&fpYykdj dg jgs Fks] ßeSa lqxhz o dk lsod guqeku gw¡] jke dk nwr gw¡A eSa
fookgdkys jfrlaç;ksxs çk.kkR;;s loZ/kukigkjsA bl uxjh dks /oLr dj nw¡xkA ;fn lgòksa jko.k Hkh esjs lkeus vk tk;s]a rks eSa
foçL; pkFks·Z I;u`ra ons;%q i´pku`rkU;kgqjikrdkfuAA mudh pVuh cuk nw¡xkAÞ bl n`f"V ls rks ;g dFku lhrk dk lR; ls fopyu gh
ßvki >wB cksy ldrs gS]a ;fn blls vki ,d czkã.k dks cpk ldrs gks Fkk] tks loZFkk vuko';d gh FkkA ijUrq ;g thou dk ;FkkFkZ gSA eSa le>rk gw¡ fd
(ê`R;q ls] igys bldk vk'k; ;g gh jgk gksxkA ckn es]a fdlh czkã.k ds fgr ;k dfo us ;gk¡ thou ds vU/ksjs vkSj mtkys nksuksa dh xgjkb;k¡ çn£'kr dh gSA og
dY;k.k ds fy;s*)A fdlh iq#"k ds fy;s iRuh vFkok fdlh dU;k ds fy;s ifr <w¡<us viuh eeZKrk thou dk ,d vR;Ur rh{.kn`f"V v/;srk gSA og dsoy bruk
ds fy;s vki >wB cksy ldrs gSAa Þ crkrk gS fd geesa ls Js"B O;fDr Hkh] tks uSfrd f'k[kj ij igq¡p pqds gS]a pje
fuLlUnsg thou tfVy gS vkSj ubZ&ubZ leL;k;sa mBrh jgrh gSAa gks ldrk çyksHku ds {k.k esa vius vkn'kks± ls fxj ldrs gSa vkSj ml iru ls cpk Hkh tk
gS] ftl O;fDr dks vki cpkuk pkgrs gSAa ,slh fLFkfr esa vki ikBdkssa dks cny dj ldrk FkkA xksfoUnjkt lkFk&lkFk Le`fr 'yksd ^fe=L; pkFkZ*s m¼`r dj dgrs gSa]
^foçL; pkFks*Z dh ctk; ^fe=L; pkFksZ* dj ldrs gSAa Vhdkdkj us ;gk¡ lhrk ds ^bfr Lej.kknlR;ksfDr* (;g Le`fr ds vuqlkj vlR;ksfDr gSA)Aß ukxs'kHkê fy[krs
cpko ds fy, blh o.kZu dk vkJ; fy;k gSA gS]a ÞoSnás k opueKkuçfriknde~A vusukRe=k.knkS e`"kkoknks u nks"ks;fr /ofure~]ß
blls guqeku ds O;fDrRo ds lEcU/k esa lhrk dk vKku gh çn£'kr gksrk gSA esjs
vki vkSj ge ;g ç'u mBk ldrs gSa fd D;k] dgk¡ vkSj dc guqeku dk
fopkj ls ;s fVIif.k;k¡ fcYdqy Li"V gSA budh mis{kk dj ikB esa dksbZ çPNék vFkZ
miu;u laLdkj gqvk Fkk vkSj D;k mudks ^czkã.k^ dgk tk ldrk gS\ rF; rks ;g
<w<¡ us dh vko';drk ugha gSA vU; Li"Vhdj.k dks x<Ûus dk ç;Ru Hkh vLokHkkfod gSA
gS fd lhrk Hkh oSlk vkpj.k dj jgh Fkha] tSlk dksbZ foifÙk esa Q¡lk gqvk O;fDr
djrk gSA tc Lo;a gekjk thou ladV esa gS] ml le; dksbZ Hkh vkpj.k lafgrk guqeku ds lUnHkZ esa eSua s yadk ngu dk mYys[k fd;k FkkA lhrk ls feyus ds
dke ugha vkrhA ml le; ge dqN Hkh dj ldrs gSAa vkRej{kk dh ewyo`fÙk fdlh mijkUr guqeku us yadk esa dkQÛh mRikr epk;kA vUrr% bUæftr }kjk cuk;s
Hkh uSfrd funZ's k ls vf/kd cyoku gksrh gSA ge ljyre lEHko mik; ls ml tkdj os jko.k ds njckj esa igq¡pk;s x,A jko.k ds vkns'kkuqlkj jk{klksa us guqeku
mifLFkr ladV fudys dk ç;kl djrs gSAa ;g ,d çkÏfrd fu;e gS] ftlls dksbZ dh iw¡N esa vkx yxkdj] yadkiqjh eas ?kqekuk vkjEHk fd;kA jk{kfl;ksa us lhrk dks ;g
vNwrk ugha jg ldrkA okYehfd Hkh ugha pkgrs Fks fd muds uk;d vkSj ukf;dk;sa lekpkj fn;kA ;g lqudj lhrk 'kksd ls lUrIr gks xbZ vkSj eu gh eu guqeku ds
bl fu;e ds viokn gksAa os mudks ekuoh; :i esa gh n'kkZrs gSAa bl fo"k; esa ,d dq'ky çse dh eaxy dkeuk esa layXu gks xb±A
'kCn vkSj gSA ml le; lhrk Lo;a rks foifÙk esa Q¡lh gqbZ ugha Fkh] u gh mUgsa Lo;a mirLFks fo'kkyk{kh ç;rk gO;okgue~A
dks cpkus dk dksbZ mís'; FkkA ijUrq] guqeku rRdky gh muds ikl ls x, Fks vkSj ;|fLr ifr'kqJ"w kk ;|fLr pfjra ri%AA
muds okrkZyki dh Hkud jk{kfl;ksa dks yx xbZ FkhA mUgsa viuh lgt&Hkkouk ls ;fn okLR;sdiRuhRoa 'khrks Hko guwer%A
,slk yxk fd guqeku dks jko.k ds dksi dh vk'kadk FkhA ,slh foink ds le; muds ;fn df'pnuqØks'kLrL; e¸;fLr /kher%AA
fy, ljyre ekxZ viukuk D;k vLokHkkfod Fkk\ guqeku dh j{kk djuk mudk ;fn ok HkkX;'ks"kks es 'khrks Hko guwer%A
ije dÙkZO; FkkA ml ije ladV ds le;] tSlk fd os Lo;a dks cpkus ds fy, ;fn eka o`ÙklEiéka rRlekxeykylke~AA
djrh] mUgksua s oSlk gh fd;kA guqeku] tks mUgas cpkus ds fy, viuh lqj{kk dh l fotkukfr /kekZRek 'khrks Hko guwer%A
ijokg fd, fcuk vk;s Fks] muds fy;s ,slk djuk loZFkk mfpr FkkA ;g nqHkkZX; dh ;fn eka rkj;snk;Z% lqxzho% lR;l³~xj%AA
ckr gS fd vlR; dsoy ladV ds le; gh ugha cksyk tkrk] tc og vko';d vLekíq%[kkEcqlajks/kkPNhrks Hko guwer%A V.53.28-32
gksrk gSA bl fLFkfr fo'ks"k esa lhrk >wB dk vkJ; fy, vkSj jk{kfl;ksa dks xqejkg guqeku ds vutkus] os vfXu ls çkFkZuk djus yxhaA tc mUgksua s yadk ngu
djs fcuk Hkh dke pyk ldrh Fkha] D;ksfa d ftl O;fDr ftl O;fDr dh os lqj{kk esa dh ?kVukvksa dks lquk] os vius m¼kjd ds fy, çkFkZuk djus yxha] ßvfXu nso! ;fn
rRij Fkha] og Lo;a vius dks cpkuk gh ugha pkgrk Fkk! tc os jk{kfl;ksa ls ckrphr eSua s ifr dh lsok dh gS] ;fn eq>esa dqN Hkh riL;k rFkk ikfrozR; 'kfDr gS] rks rqe
guqeku ds fy, 'khry gks tkvksA ;fn cqf¼eku Jh jke ds eu esa esjs fy,

fdafpUek= Hkh fn;k gS] vFkok esjk lkSHkkX; 'ks"k gS] rks rqe guqeku ds fy, 'khry gks mijkUr guqeku g"kZiow d Z muls cksy]s ßnsfo! ;fn vkidh vkKk gks] rks bu leLr
tkvksA ;fn /kekZRek Jh jke eq>s lnkpkj lEiék vkSj feyu ds mRlqd tkurs gS]a jk{kfl;ksa dks] tks vkidks Mjkrh&/kedkrh Fkha vkSj fofHkék çdkj ls ihfMÛr djrh
rks rqe guqeku ds fy, 'khry gks tkvksA ;fn lR; çfrK vk;Z lqxhz o ds m¼kjd Fkha] ekj Mkyuk pkgrh gw¡AÞ vkidks Lej.k gksxk] eSua s vkidks dqN va'k fn;s Fks]
esjk bl nq%[k ls m¼kj dj lds]a rks rqe guqeku ds fy, 'khry gks tkvksAÞ ftudk Hkko dqN ohHkRl vkSj Mjkouk gSA ;s lc fodjky] fodV vkdkj okyh Øwj
;s çfl¼ 'yksd gSa vkSj fo'ks"k :i ls eSa vkidk /;ku budh vksj fnykuk vkSj vR;Ur nk#.k gSAa eSa Hkh fofHkék vk?kkrksa ls budk o/k djuk pkgrk gw¡A esjh
pkgrk gw¡] ftlls vkidks ,slk u yxs fd eSa ewy ikB dks ljljh <ax ls ns jgk gw¡ bPNk rks ,slh gS fd eqDds] ykr] FkIiMÛ] fiaMfy;ksa vkSj ?kqVuksa dh ekj ls bUgsa ?kk;y
vkSj mu va'kksa dks NksMÛ jgk gw¡] ftu ij iwooZ rhZ ikBdksa us vius /;ku dsfUær fd;k dj buds nk¡r rksMÛ nw¡A budh ukd&dku dkV yw¡ rFkk buds cky ukspa yw¡A bu
gS vkSj ftu ij vki pkgsxa s fd eSa vc vkidk /;ku fnykÅ¡A lcdks ihV&ihVdj ekj Mkyw¡A blds fy, vki dsoy vkKk dj nsAa ß dfo lqLi"V
vkidks Lej.k gksxk fd tc eSua s f=tVk ds LoIu dk mYys[k fd;k FkkA tc rks ,slk ugha dgrk] ijUrq eq>s fu'p; gS fd mldh bPNk gS fd ge bl n`'; dk
jk{kfl;k¡ lhrk dks cgqr mRihfMÛr dj jgh Fkha] os nk#.k O;Fkk ls lUrIr vkSj Lej.k djs]a tc mUgsa vo'; gh vHk; nku fn;k FkkA guqeku us bls lqu fy;k FkkA
'kksdkrqj FkhaA ml le; f=tVk mUgsa vius ,d lqUnj LoIu ds fo"k; esa crkrh gSA dfo Hkh Jh jke ds ctk;] guqeku ds }kjk] tks muds ckn lcls egÙoiw.kZ gS]a ;s
og LoIuQy dks lhrk ds fy, fgrdj crkrh gS]a ßeq>s rks vc lhrk ds vHkh"V ckrsa dgyokrk gSA vc çLrqr gS] lhrk dk çfl¼ mÙkj] tc os guqeku dks
euksjFk dh flf¼ mifLFkr fn[kkbZ nsrh gSA jk{kljkt jko.k vkSj lsuk ds fouk'k viekfur mudks f'k{kk nsrh gS]a ftldks os dHkh Hkh Hkwy u ldsAa eSa ewy ikB u nsdj
vkSj Jh jke dh fot; esa vc foyEc ugha gSA yadkiqjh dk 'kh?kz gh fo/oal gksus tk dsoy vuqokn ek= gh ns jgk gw¡A
jgk gS vkSj iq.; dh LFkkiuk gksus okyh gS vkSj rc rqe jk{kfl;ksa dks nq%[k Hkksxuk guqeku ds ,slk dgus ij d#.kke;h lhrk eu gh eu fpUrk djus yxha]
iMÛxs kA Jh jke dks tc ekywe gksxk fd rqeus lhrk dks dSl&s dSls nq%[k fn,] os Hkh vkSj bl fu'p; ij igq¡ph vkSj cMÛs n`<Û vkSj ân;xzkgh <ax ls guqeku ls bl çdkj
rqEgsa ,slh gh ;kruk;sa nsxa As ;kn j[kks fd og {k.k 'kh?kz gh vkus okyk gSA esjh lykg cksyha] ßgesa bl ckr dks /;ku esa j[kuk pkfg, fd bu fL=;ksa dh viuh Lo;a dh
ekuks vkSj le; ls igys psr tkvksA ;|fi rqeus lhrk dks cgqr Mjk;k gS vkSj dksbZ ,slh bPNk ugha FkhA ;s cspkjh rks ,d nk#.k jktk ds vkJ; esa jgus ds dkj.k
/kedk;k gS] fQj Hkh rqe budh 'kj.k esa tkdj {kek ek¡xks vkSj vHk; dh ;kpuk ijk/khu FkhaA nwljksa dh vkKk ls gh lc dqN djrh FkhaA vr% Lokeh dh vkKkuqlkj
djks] ftlls ;s rqEgsa cpk ldsAa Jh jke dh vksj ls jk{klksa ds fy, ?kksj ladV vkpj.k djus okyh bu nkfl;ksa ij Øks/k djus dk D;k ykHk\ ;s esjh nqn'Z kk dk
mifLFkr gqvk gSA ;s gh ml Hk; ls rqEgkjh j{kk djus esa leFkZ gSAa Þ dfo bl lqUnj dkj.k ugha gSAa esjk nqHkkZX; gh Fkk rFkk iwoZ tUe ds nq"deks± dk Qy gh FkkA blhfy,
lxZ dh lekfIr bl 'yksd ls djrk gS % eq>s ;g d"V Hkksxuk iMÛk] D;ksfa d lHkh çk.kh vius 'kqHkk'kqHk deks± dk Qy Hkksxrs gSAa
deZ dk fl¼kUr vVy gSA esjk gk£nd fuosnu gS fd esjs nqHkkZX; ds fy;s bu
rr% lk âherh ckyk HkrZÆq ot;gf"kZrkA
cspkfj;ksa dks nks"k er nksA esjs fy;s rks nSo dk gh ,slk fo/kku FkkA eq>s rks vius iwoZ
voksp|fn rÙkF;a Hkos;a 'kj.ka fg o%AA V.27.53
tUe ds nq"deks± dk Qy Hkksxuk gh FkkA ;fn jko.k dh nkfl;ksa dk dqN
(58-90 eas blh 'yksd dh iqu#fDr guqeku }kjk dh x;h gS)
vijk/k Hkh gks] rks eSa mUgsa {kek djrh gw¡A ml jk{kljkt dh vkKk ls gh ;s eq>s
f=tVk ds 'kCnksa ls lhrk dks cMÛh lkURouk feyhA mudks yxk fd vUr esa Mjk;k /kedk;k djrh FkhaA vc og ej x;k gS] ;s eq>ls dqN ugha dgrh gSAa bUgksua s
lc dqN Bhd gks tk;sxkA bl çdkj ifrnso dh fot; ds laokn ls g"kZ Hkjh lhrk ;gk¡ Mjkuk&/kedkuk cUn dj fn;k gSAÞ
mu lcls cksyh] ßrqEgkjs fcuk ek¡xs gh vkSj rqEgkjs esjs iSjksa esa iMÛus ls iwoZ gh eSa rqEgssa bl fo"k; esa ,d iqjkuk uhfr opu gS vkSj og /keZ lEer gS] tks fdlh us
{kek dj nw¡xhA ;fn f=tVk dh ckr lR; gqb]Z rks eSa vo'; gh rqEgkjh j{kk d:¡xhAÞ dHkh jhN fl[kk;k FkkA ,d ckj ,d ck?k us fdlh O;k/k dk ihNk fd;kA O;k/k Hkkx
og volj Hkh vk;k] tc lhrk us lpeqp mudh j{kk dhA vkidks Lej.k dj ,d o`{k ij p<Û x;k] ftl ij igys ls gh ,d jhN cSBk gqvk FkkA ck?k o`{k dh
gksxk fd jko.k ds o/k ds i'pkr~ vkSj foHkh"k.k ds jkT;kfHk"ksd ds i'pkr~ jke ds tMÛ ds ikl igq¡p dj isMÛ ij cSBs gq, jhN ls cksyk] ßge vkSj rqe nksuksa gh ou ds
vkns'k ls guqeku lhrk dks lwfpr djus vk;s vkSj mUgksaus crk;k fd mudk tho gSAa ;g O;k/k rks ge nksuksa dk 'k=q gSA vr% rqe bls uhps fxjk nksAÞ jhN us ,slk
HkkX;ksn; gks x;k gS vkSj 'kqHk fnu ykSV vk, gSAa lhrk dks jke dk lUns'k nsus ds djus ls euk dj fn;kA ß;g O;k/k esjs fuokl LFkku ij vkdj ,d çdkj ls esjh

'kj.k esa vk pqdk gSA vfrfFk dksbZ Hkh gks] og j{k.kh; gSA eSa vkfrF; fu;e dks ugha vk¡py ls ikSN a rh gqb]Z og /khjs&/khjs xn~xn~ Loj esa ifrnso ls bl çdkj cksyrh gS]
rksMÛ¡wxkA ;fn bls fxjk nw¡xk] rks /keZ dh gkfu gksxh]Þ ,slh Å¡ph ckr dgdj jhN ßvki ,slh dBksj] vuqfpr] d.kZdVq vkSj :[kh ckrsa D;ksa lquk jgs gS]a tSls dksbZ
,d /kkfeZd O;fDr dh uhan lks x;kA vc ck?k us O;k/k ls dgk] ßns[kks! bl lks;s (^çÏr%*) fuEu Js.kh dk iq#"k ,d fuEudksfV dh L=h (^çkÏrkfeo*) ls u dgus
gq, jhN dks rqe uhps fxjk nksAÞ O;k/k us jhN dks /kDdk ns fn;k] ijUrq jhN vH;kl ;ksX; ckrsa dg Mkyrk gS (VI. 119. 5), mlh çdkj vki Hkh eq>ls dg jgs gSAa eSa
o'k nwljh Mky idMÛus ds dkj.k fxjus ls cp x;kA ck?k dks Hkh jhN dks Qqlykus fu'p;iwod Z dg jgh gw¡ fd tSlk vki lksp jgs gS]a eSa oSlh ugha gw¡A fu"Bk jf[k;s]
dh {kerk&dyk dks vkTÛkekus dk u;k volj fey x;kA mlus iqu% jhN ls dgk] fo'okl dhft;sA eSa vkils iwNrh gw¡ fd D;k dqN fL=;ksa ds xÛyr vkpj.k ds dkj.k
ß;g O;k/k rqEgsa fxjkuk pkgrk Fkk] ;g rks Ïr?u gSA blfy;s vc rks bls uhps D;k vki iwjh L=h tkfr ij lUnsg dj ldrs gS\a ;g mfpr ugha gSA ;fn iwoZ
<dsy gh nksAÞ ck?k ds bl çdkj mdlkus ij jhN us O;k/k dks uhps ugha fxjk;k vuqHko }kjk vki eq>s ij[k pqds gS]a rks bl lUnsg dks eu ls fudky nhft;sA
îj% ikieknÙks* bl 'yksd dk xq.kxku djds eq¡g rksMÛ mÙkj fn;kA cMÛs 'kkUr Hkko jko.k ds 'kjhj ls tks bl 'kjhj dk Li'kZ gks x;k gS] ;fn vki mldh ckr djrs gS]a
vkSj lân;rk iwod Z <ax ls mlus bl çdkj 'kk'or vkpkj lafgrk dk fu:i.k rks mldk dkj.k esjh foo'krk FkhA eSua s LosPNk ls ,slk ugha fd;k] u gh og eq>s
fd;k] ßJs"B iq#"k nwljs ds çfr cqjkbZ djus okys ikfi;ksa ds ikideZ dks ugha viukrs lguh; FkkA ;g rks esjs nqHkkZX; dk gh nks"k gSA esjs v/khu ejk ân; gS] tks lnk
gSAa mlds cnys esa muds lkFk ikiiw.kZ crkZo Hkh ugha djrs gS]a vkSj lR; dk ekxZ vkids gh lkFk jgrk gSA ijUrq] esjs vax tc ijk/khu gks x;s Fks] rks eSa D;k dj
ugha NksMÛrs gSAa Þ e;kZnk dk ;g 'kk'or fu;e gSA vr% viuh çfrKk ,oa lnkpkj dh ldrh Fkh\ vki nwljksa dks eku&lEeku nsus okys gSa vkSj esjk eku Hkh vki gh ds
fdlh Hkh çdkj ls j{kk djuh pkfg, D;ksfa d lk/kq iq#"k vius mÙke pfj= ls gh gkFk esa gSAa ge nksuksa dk vuqjkx lnk lkFk&lkFk c<Ûk gS] ge lnk ls lkFk&lkFk
foHkwf"kr gksrs gSAa lnkpkj gh mudk ,d ek= vkHkw"k.k gSA vius vkidks vk;Z gksus jgrs vk, gSAa vr,o] vkidks esjs fo"k; esa iwjh&iwjh tkudkjh gksuh pkfg,A brus
dk nkok djus okys Js"B iq#"k dks pkfg,] dksbZ ikih gks ;k iq.;kRek] vkSj og o/k ij Hkh ;fn vkius eq>s Bhd ugha le>k vkSj esjk ifjR;kx djrs gS]a rks eSa loZFkk
;ksX; vijk/kh Hkh D;ksa u gks] ml ij n;k djs]a D;ksfa d ,slk dksbZ Hkh çk.kh ugha gS] u"V vkSj ifj=k.k&foghu gks tkÅ¡xhA yadk esa eq>s [kkstus d fy, tc vkius mu
ftlls dHkh Hkh dksbZ vijk/k ugha gksrkA vr% gesa naM vkSj çfr'kks/k dk fopkj NksMÛ egkohj guqeku dks Hkstk Fkk] rks mlh le; D;ksa ugha Hkst fn;k] esjs ifjR;kx dk
nsuk pkfg,A tks yksx fgalk esa jers gSa vkSj lnk iki vkpj.k djrs gS]a mu Øwj fu'p;&esjs HkkX; dk fu.kkZ;d lUns'kA ml le; okuj ohj guqeku ds eq[k ls
LoHkko okys ikfi;ksa dk Hkh veaxy ugha djuk pkfg,AÞ (VI.116.37-45) vkids }kjk vius ifjR;kx dh ckr lqudj eSa muds lkeus gh vius çk.kksa dk R;kx
D;k lhrk dks vius }kjk fn, x;s j{kk gsrq vk'oklu dk Lej.k Fkk\ guqeku Hkh dj ldrh Fkh vkSj vki Hkh bl >a>V ls cp tkrsA bl çdkj vius vkSj vius
us Hkh bls lquk FkkA vHkh le; Hkh bruk ugha chrk Fkk fd nksuksa esa ls dksbZ Hkh bl fe=ksa ds thou dks ladV esa Mkydj vkidks ;g ;q¼ ugha djuk iMÛrkA uìJs"B!
ckr dks Hkwyk gksA esjk rks ,slk vuqeku gS fd dfo dh ,slh bPNk gS fd bu nksuksa vkius rks ,d fuEudksfV ds O;fDr ds Hkk¡fr jks"k esa vkdj] esjs 'khy&LoHkko dk
çlaxksa dks tksMÛ fn;k tk;sA fopkj NksMÛdj] dsoy fuEudksfV dh fL=;ksa ds LoHkko dks gh vius lkeus j[kk gSA
vc eSa vkrk gw¡] bu Ngksa dkaMksa esa ls lcls vf/kd ekfeZd rFkk xEHkhj n`'; lnkpkj ds eeZ dks tkuus okys jktk tud dh ;KHkwfe ls vkfoHkZrw gksus ds dkj.k]
ij] tgk¡ jke lhrk ij nkEiR;P;qfr dk nks"kkjksi.k djrs gSAa os muls dgrs gSa fd eq>s ^tkudh^ dgdj iqdkjk tkrk gSA eSa Hkwry ls çdV gqbZ gw¡A D;k dsoy uke
nwljs ds ?kj esa jgus ds dkj.k vkSj pfj= esa lUnsg ds dkj.k os lhrk dks okil ysus ek= ds fy;s ml ifjokj dh gw¡\ lk/kkj.k ekuo tkfr ls foy{k.k gw¡] fnO;k gw¡A
esa vleFkZ gSa vkSj dgrs gSa fd og vius fy, dgha ls Hkh laj{k.k ysus esa Lora= ga]S vkius bu lc fo'ks"krkvksa rFkk esjs brus le; rd ds vkpj.k dh vksj /;ku ugaha
nlksa fn'kk;sa muds fy, [kqyh gSAa lhrk us mnkÙk Hkk"kk esa tks mÙkj fn;k] og eSa nsrk fn;kA vki rks ;g Hkh Hkwy x, fd ckY;koLFkk esa vkius esjk ikf.kxzg.k fd;k Fkk]
gw¡A ,d ,slh ukjh ftldks loZFkk cslgkjk iw.kZr;k vius Åij NksMÛ fn;k x;k Fkk] 'kk'or çse vkSj nkEiR; thou dk opu Hkjk FkkA vkids çfr esjs ân; esa tks HkfDr
tks loZFkk of´pr dj nh x;h Fkh] ml vk'kk ls] ftldks mlus mu ckjg eghuksa dh Hkko gS vkSj esjs esa tks 'khy gS] mldks eSua s vo.kZuh; ijh{kk&?kfMÛ;ksa eas Hkh n`<Ûrkiwod
Z
vof/k rd latks dj j[kk Fkk] og vR;Ur Øwj <ax ls nks"kh Bgjk;s tkus ij Hkh] laokj dj j[kk gSA og lc vki Hkwy x, gSAa eq>s nks"kh Bgjkus ls igys vkius bu
fdafdÙkZO;foew< fLFkfr esa Hkh iwjs vkRela;e ls vius Hkko O;Dr djrh gS] tc fd lc ckrksa dk ,d ij ds cjkcj Hkh egÙo ugha fn;k gS vkSj vUrr% esjk ifjR;kx
lkjh nqfu;k dh vk¡[ksa ml ij fVdh gqbZ FkhaA us=ksa ds tky ls Hkhxs gq, eq[k dks dj fn;k gSAÞ bruk dgdj lhrk dk xyk Hkj vk;kA os #dha vkSj mUgksua s vius

Lokeh ds eq[k dh vksj ns[kk] fdUrq mudh Hkko'kwU;] dBksj] funZ; eq[q kkÏfr esa tÛjk idk;k gqvk elkysnkj ek¡l rFkk ukuk çdkj ds Qy&feBkbZ ys vk,A tc nksuksa
lh <hy ugha vkbZA ;g vglkl gksus ij fd muds HkkX; dk fu.kZ; gks pqdk gS] os lkFk cSB x, efnjk vkSj ek¡l dk vkuUn ys jgs Fks] u`R; vkSj xk;u eas fuiq.k
jksrh vkSj vJqikr djrh y{e.k dh vksj eqMÛh]a tks ,d LrC/k vkSj grcqf¼ ds vIljk;sa vkSj ukx dU;k;sa muds euksjt a u ds fy, mifLFkr FkhaA os e/kqiku ds en
leku O;fDr ekSu cSBs gq, Fks] vkSj xn~xn~ ok.kh esa cksyha % ls o'khHkwr FkhaA mUgksua s xk;u vkSj u`R; }kjk dgkfu;k¡ lqukdj mudk euksjt a u
fprka esa dq: lkSfe=s O;luL;kL; Hks"kte~A fd;kA bu vkeksn&çeksn dk vkuUn ywVus ds dkj.k dgha vki ;g u le>sa fd Jh
feF;ksi/kkrksigrk ukga thforqeRq lgsAA VI.119.18* jke esa Hkh foyklfç;rk iqV Fkk vkSj mUgsa foykl dh oLrq;as vkSj jax&jfy;k¡ fç;
ßlqfe=kuUnu! esjs fy;s fprk rS;kj dj nksA vius ifr }kjk lafnX/k le>h FkhaA dfo dgrk gS %
x;h vkSj ifjR;Drk] feF;k dyad ls dyafdr gksdj eSa thfor jguk ugha pkgrh] l r;k lhr;k lk/kZeklhuks fojjkt gA
u gh eSa {k.kHkj vkSj thfor jgwx¡ hA vfXu] vUrdkjh vfXu gh esjs bl nq%[k dh nok gSAÞ v:U/kR;k lgklhuks ofl"B bu rstlkAA VII.42.23
vc eSa dFkk ds vfUre vè;k;ksa ij vkrk gw¡] tks fd mÙkj dkaM esa gSA ml le; Jh jke lhrk ds lkFk flagklu ij fojkteku gksdj vius rst ls
vfHk"ksd ds fo"k; es]a tks muds uothou vkSj lkSHkkX; dk vkjEHk gS] blds i'pkr~ v#U/krh ds lkFk cSBs gq,] ofl"B ds leku 'kksHkk;eku FksA vc TÛkjk fuEufyf[kr
bl O;k[;kuekyk dks lekIr djrs le; dgw¡xkA bl le; ge Jh jke] y{e.k] 'yksd ij n`f"Vikr djsa %
lhrk vkSj vU; yksxksa dks v;ks/;k ds jktHkou dh v'kksd&okfVdk esa ns[krs gSAa ,oa jkeks eqnk ;qDr% lhrka lqjlqrksieke~A
prq£od vkuUn&çeksn vkSj g"kZ dk okrkoj.k gSA Jh jke ;FkklEHko lhrk ds eu je;kekl oSngs h egU;gfu nsoor~AA VII.42.24
cgyko dk ç;kl dj jgs gSAa bl çdkj Jh jke çfrfnu nsork ds leku vkufUnr jgdj nsodU;k ds
v'kksdofudka LQhrka çfo'; j?kquUnu%A leku lqUnj lhrk ds lkFk je.k djrs FksA vc bl lq[kh thou ds i'pkr~ vkrk gS]
vklus p 'kqHkkdjs iq"içdjHkwf"krsAA foifÙk dky] tks muds HkkX; esa fy[kk FkkA
dqFkkLrj.klaohrs jke% lafu"klkn gA vczohPp ojkjksgka lhrka lqjlqrksieke~AA
lhrkeknk; gLrsu e/kq eSj; s da 'kqfpAA viR;ykHkks oSnfs g Rof; es leqifLFkr%A
ik;;kekl dkdqRLFk% 'kphfeo iqjUnj%A fdfePNfl ojkjksgs dke% fda fØ;rka roAA VII.42.30,31
ekalkfu p lqe`"Vkfu Qykfu fofo/kkfu pAA os nsodU;k ds leku lqUnj lhrk ls cksy]s ßfonsg ufUnuh! vc rqEgkjs fy,
jkeL;H;ogkjkFk± fd³~djkLrw.kZekgju~A çlwfr dk le; fudV vk x;k gSA crkvks] rqEgkjh D;k bPNk gS\ eSa rqEgkjh bPNk
miku`R;a'p jktkua u`R;xhrfo'kkjnk%AA iwfrZ dk ç;kl d:¡xkA crkvks] eSa rqEgkjk dkSu lk euksjFk iwjk d:¡\Þ bl ij lhrk
ckyk'p #ioR;'p fL=;% ikuo'kkuqxk%A eqLdjkus yxha D;ksfa d mudh dksey voLFkk dh vksj ladrs fd;k x;k FkkA lhrk us
miku`R;Ur dkdqRLFka u`R;xhrfo'kkjnk%AA eqLdjk dj jke ls dgk %
euks·fHkjkek jkekLrk jkeks je;rka oj%A riksoukfu iq.;kfu æ"VqfePNkfe jk?koAA
je;keklk /kekZRek fuR;a ijeHkwf"kr%AA VII.42.17-22 x³~xkrhjksifo"Vkuke`"kh.kkeqxr z t
s lke~A
lhrk ds lq[k vkSj 'kkfUr ds fnu bus&fxus FksA vr,o ;fn ge bu ikjLifjd Qyewykf'kuka nso iknewy"s kq ofrZreq A~ A
çse vkSj vkÍkn ds n`';ksa dk foLrkj iwod Z fu:i.k djs]a rks fcYdqy vuqfpr u ,"k eas ije% dkeks ;UewyQyHkksftuke~A
gksxkA Jh jke lhrk dk eu cgyk jgs gSAa bu 'yksdksa esa dfo us fn[kyk;k gS fd Jh vI;sdjk=a dkdqRLFk fuols;a riksousAA
jke us vius gkFk ls e/kq vkSj eSj;s d (,d çdkj dk eknd is;) ysdj lhrk dks rFksfr p çfrKkra jkes.kkfDy"VdeZ.kkA VII. 42. 32-35
fiyk;k] tSls nsojkt bUæ'kph dks lq/kkiku djkrs gSAa lsod x.k rqjUr gh vPNk ßj?kquUnu! esjh bPNk ,d ckj mu ifo= riksouksa dks ns[kus dh gks jgh gSA
* nsf[k, v-12, i`-189. xaxkrV ij jgdj Qy&ewy [kkus dh bPNk gSA tks mxz rstLoh eg£"k gS] muds

lehi dqN fnu jguk pkgrh gw¡A Qy&ewy dk vkgkj djus okys egkRekvksa ds layXu jgrh Fkh vkSj eq>s fdlh çdkj ds d"V vFkok deh dk vuqHko ugha gqvkA
riksou esa ,d jkr fuokl d:¡] mUgha tSlk lknk] ferkgkjh fu"diV thou dsoy fdUrq] vc eSa vdsyh fç;tuksa ds fcuk fdl çdkj vkJe esa jgw¡xh\ foifÙk ds
Qy ewy [kkdj O;rhr d:¡] ;gh bl le; esjh lcls cMÛh vfHkyk"kk gSAÞ mu le; fdlls viuk nq%[k dgw¡xh\ ;fn eqfu tu eq>ls iwNxas s fd jke us fdl
cspkjh dks D;k irk Fkk fd os D;k ek¡x jgh gS\a D;ksfa d lpeqp gh Jh jke us mudh vijk/k ds dkj.k rqEgkjk ifjR;kx fd;k] rks eSa mUgsa dkSu lk vijk/k crkÅ¡xh\ eSa
bPNk iwjh dh] u dsoy ,d fnu ds fy,] oju~ ckjg o"kZ dh yEch vof/k ds fy,A ;gk¡ viuh ,dkdh mifLFkr dh lQÛkbZ fdl çdkj nw¡xh\ os ,d Loj ls dgsxa ]s
lc tkurs gh gSa fd fdl çdkj jke }kjk lhrk ds viuk;s tkus dk lekpkj ^gekjs jktk Jh jke rks ewÙkZ:i ls U;k; ds vorkj gS]a mUgksua s D;ksa vkidk ifjR;kx
uxj Hkj esa QSyk;k x;kA iqjoklh bl fo"k; esa xi&'ki djus yxs fd vkSj jke fd;k\*Þ
ukxfjdksa ds fy;s gkfudkjd mnkgj.k çLrqr dj jgs gS]a ßmUgksua s ,d ,slh L=h dks ßy{e.k! eq>s vc bl thou ls D;k ç;kstu\ eSa rks vHkh xaxk ek¡ dh xksn
?kj esa j[k fy;k gS] tks iwjs ckjg eghus ij iq#"k ds ?kj esa jg pqdh Fkh vkSj og Hkh esa vius çk.k foltZu dj nsrh] fdUrq] bl le; eSa ,slk ugha dj ldw¡xh D;ksfa d
,d nq"pfj= iq#"k ds! ;fn lhrk us ,slk vkpj.k fd;k vkSj mUgsa {kek dj fn;k esjs vUnj jktoa'k dh lUrfr fo|eku gSA ,slk djus ls esjs ifrnso dk jktoa'k
x;k] rks gekjh fL=;k¡ Hkh bl çdkj ds fo'ks"k vf/kdkj ek¡xxas hA vkSj gesa vkxs u"V gks tk;sxkA vc eq>s vius HkkX; ij NksMÛ nksA tkus ls igys esjh ,d ckr lqu
pydj bu lc ckrksa dks lgu djuk iMÛxs k vkSj u tkus D;k&D;k vkSjA le; yksA esjk lUns'k ysrs tkvksA esjh lc lklqvksa ls vkSj egkjkt ls Hkh gkFk tksMÛdj
cqjk vk x;k gSAÞ tc bl çdkj ds yksdkiokn dh lwpuk jke dks feyh] mUgksua s muds pj.kksa esa eLrd u¡ok dj esjh vksj ls mudks dq'ky lUns'k lquk nsukA tc
vius Hkkb;ksa dks cqykdj muls dgk] ß;g rks esjs Åij ,d dyad gS] ftls eSa esjh vksj ls flj u¡ok dj rqe muds pj.k Li'kZ dj yks] rks jke ls dguk] *okLro
lgu ugha dj ldrkA bls rks fdlh u fdlh çdkj iksN a uk gh gksxkAÞ rRi'pkr~ esa eu ls rks vki tkurs gh gSa fd lhrk 'kq¼ pfj= gS]a loZnk vkids fgr esa rRij
mUgksua s viuk lhrk ifjR;kx dk fu.kZ; lquk;kA vr% lhrk dks v;ks/;k ds ckgj ys jgrh gSa vkSj vkids çfr ije HkfDr j[kus okyh gSAa ^ vki /keZK gSa vkSj lnk mldk
tk;k x;k vkSj ;g dke y{e.k dks lkSia k x;kA os lhrk dks jFk }kjk ou esa xaxk ds ikyu djrs gSAa vkius çtk dh vksj ls viokn ls Mj dj eq>s R;kxk gS] Bhd gS]
rV rd ys x, vkSj fQj uko }kjk mUgsa xaxk ds nwljs ikj igq¡pk;k x;kA HkkxhjFkh vkidh vkKk dk Lokxr gSA vki /keZiow d Z cMÛh lko/kkuh ls lkFk iqjokfl;ksa ds
ds nwljs rV ij igq¡p dj y{e.k ds us=ksa esa vk¡lw Hkj vk;sA ;g ns[kdj lhrk lkFk oSlk gh crkZo djs]a tSlk vki vius Hkkb;ksa ds çfr djrs gSAa ;fn çtk ds chp
vR;Ur mf}Xu gks mBha vkSj y{e.k ls cksyha] ßy{e.k] cpkvks D;k ckr gS\ viuh [;kfr cuk;s j[kus ds fy, esjk R;kx vko';d Fkk] rks eSa blds fy;s Hkh
Bhd&Bhd crkvksAÞ rnuUrj y{e.k us cMÛs nq%[k ds lkFk] muds ifjR;kx dh ckr rS;kj gw¡A eq>s vius 'kjhj dh dksbZ fpUrk ugha gS] mlls de ugha] cfYd vf/kd ghA
crkbZA os cksys] ßegkjkt dh vkKkuqlkj eSa vkidks vkJeksa ds ikl ys tkdj çR;sd L=h dh Hkk¡fr esjs fy;s Hkh ifr gh loZLo gS] ifr gh cU/kq gS] ifr gh xq# gS]
vkidks ogha NksMÛ nsrk gw¡A ;gk¡ esjs firk ds ?kfu"B fe= eg£"k okYehfd jgrs gSAa vki ifr gh nsork gSA blfy, eSa vius çk.kksa dh ckTÛkh yxkdj Hkh fo'ks"k :i ls ifr dk
mUgha dh N=Nk;k esa vkJ; ysdj lq[k iwod Z jgsxa hAÞ y{e.k ds ;s opu lqudj fç; djuk pkgw¡xhA y{e.k! vkt rqe Hkh ns[k yksA esjs 'kjhj esa xHkZorh gksus ds
lhrk ew£PNr gksdj i`Foh ij fxj iMÛhAa ;g igyh ckj ugha Fkk] tcfd mu ij Li"V fpÊ gSAa jke ;g Hkyh çdkj tkurs gS]a fQj Hkh mfpr gS fd rqe Hkh viuh
eekZUrd çgkj gqvk FkkA muds us=ksa ls vk¡lv q ksa dh vtò /kkjk cgrh jghA fQj vk¡[kksa ls esjh voLFkk ds lk{kh cuksAÞ lhrk ds bl çdkj dgus ij y{e.k cgqr
gks'k esa vkdj os dqN {k.k ekSu jgdj lksp&fopkj esa fueXu gks x;haA os ,d lkglh nq%[kh gq,A mUgksuas s TÛkksj ls jksrs gq, lhrk dh ifjØek dh vkSj nks ?kMÛh lksp&fopkj
vkSj lUrks"kh ukjh rks Fkha ghA ml le; Hkh eku e;kZnk dh xfjek dk foLej.k u dj muls dgk] ß;g vki eq>ls D;k dg jgh gS\a eSua s iwoZ esa Hkh dHkh vkidks
djrs gq, os y{e.k ls cksyha] ßy{e.k! esjs vfUre 'kCn lquksA fu'p; ls gh fo/kkrk lEiw.kZ :i ls ugha ns[kk gSA dsoy vkids pj.kksa ds n'kZu fd, gSAa fQj vkt ;gk¡
us eq>s nq%[k Hkksxus ds fy, thfor j[kk gSA blhfy,] vkt thou ds leLr nq%[kksa ou ds Hkhrj Jh jke dh vuqifLFkfr esa eSa vkidh vksj dSls ns[k ldrk gw¡\Þ ;g
dk lewg ew£Ùkeku gksdj eq>s n'kZu ns jgk gSA eSua s u tkus iwoZ tUe esa dkSu lk ,slk dgdj mUgksua s lhrk dks iqu% ç.kke fd;k vkSj os uko ij p<Û x,A le; iwjk gksus
iki fd;k Fkk vFkok fdldk mldk L=h ls foNksg djok;k Fkk] tks viuh vksj ls ij lhrk us okYehfd vkJe esa nks tqMÛok¡ iq=ksa dks tUe fn;kA igys mRiék gq,
'kq¼ vkpj.k okyh gksus ij Hkh] egkjkt us eq>s R;kx ds ;ksX; le>kA igys ckyd dk uke okYehfd us dq'k vkSj NksVs dk uke yo fuf'pr fd;kA eg£"k dh
ouokl esa eSa muds lkFk vkJe esa jghA jke esjs lkFk Fks vkSj eSa mudh lsok esa ns[k js[k esa ckyd cMsÛ gksus yxsA

vHkh vfUre n`'; 'ks"k gSA og Hkh dqN de d#.k ugha] fdlh Hkh vU; n`'; rFkk 'kiUR;ka oSná s ka çknqjklhÙknöqre~A
ls] fdUrq ;g n`'; viuh gh Js.kh dk gSA ;g gekjs fdlh Hkh vuqHko ls ijs gSµ HkwryknqfRFkra fnO;a flagklueuqÙkee~AA
loZFkk dYiukuhrA vius foLe;dkjh çHkko ls ;g gesa vkokd~ dj nsrk gSA ,slk f?kz;ek.ka f'kjksfHkLrq ukxSjferfoØeS%A
çrhr gksrk gS fd ge i`Foh ij u jgdj fdlh vU; yksd esa igq¡p x, gSAa le; fnO;a fnO;su oiq"kk fnO;jRufoHkwf"krS%AA
chrus ij Jh jke us v'oes/k ;K fd;k vkSj muds vkns'kkuqlkj uSfe";kj.; ds rfLeaLrq /kj.kh nsoh ckgqH;ka x`á eSfFkyhe~A
xksefr ds rV ij ;K dk fo'kky ;Ke.Mi cuk;k x;kA ;K ,d o"kZ ls Hkh LokxrsukfHkuU|Sukeklus pksios'k;r~A
vf/kd pyrk jgkA ;K tc vkjEHk gqvk rRle; okYehfd eg£"k vius f'k";ksa rkekluxrka n`"V~ok çfo'kUrha jlkrye~AA
lfgr ogk¡ i/kkjsA mUgksua ]s vius nksuksa f'k";ks]a lhrk ds iq=ks]a yo vkSj dq'k ls dgk iq"io`f"VjfofPNék fnO;k lhrkeokfdjr~AA VII.97.15-21
fd os ?kwe fQj dj ^jkek;.k^ dkO; dk xk;u djsAa Jh jke us Hkh og xku lqukA ßeSa j?kqukFk ds flok fdlh nwljs iq#"k dk Li'kZ rks nwj dHkh fpUru rd ugha
mUgksua s lc fo}kuksa dks ,df=r djds ^jkek;.k* ds xk;d mu nksuksa ckydksa dks djrhA ;fn ;g lR; gS] rks gs Hkxorh i`Foh nsoh! eq>s viuh xksn esa ys yksA ;fn eSa
lHkk esa cqyk;kA nksuksa eqfu dqekjksa us vius lHkh Jksrkvksa dks vius xk;u ls eqX/k eu deZ] opu ls dsoy Jh jke dh gh vkjk/kuk djrh gw¡A gs ek¡ Hkxorh i`Foh nsoh!
dj fn;kA Jh jke }kjk iwNs tkus ij mUgksua s crk;k fd ml dkO; ds jpf;rk eg£"k eq>s viuh xksn esa ys yksA Jh jke dks NksMÛdj eSa fdlh vU; iq#"k dks ugha tkurh]
okYehfd gS]a tks ;K LFky ij mifLFkr gSAa bl çdkj Jh jke lcds lkFk ^jkek;.k^ ;fn ;g lR; gS] rks gs ek¡ Hkxorh i`Foh nsoh! eq>s viuh xksn esa ys yksA ek¡] esjs
ikB lqurs jgsA ml dFkk ls jke dks irk pyk fd dFkk ds xk;d lhrk ds iq= gSAa fy, }kj [kksyks] eSa tgk¡ ls vkbZ gw¡ ogh tkuk pkgrh gw¡] ;g Hkwyksd esjs fy, ugha gS]
;g tkudj jke us nwrksa }kjk okYehfd eqfu ds ikl lUns'k Hkstk] ß;fn lhrk dk u gh ifr vkSj u gh çtk] ftudks dksbZ Hkh çek.k lUrq"V ugha dj ldrkAÞ
pfj= 'kq¼ gS] rks os vkidh vuqefr ls ;gk¡ vkdj tu&leqnk; esa viuh 'kq¼rk lhrk ds bl çdkj dh 'kiFk ysrs gh] viuh ek¡ ls ewy LFkku esa ys tkus dh
çekf.kr djsAa Þ vxys fnu Jh jke ;K'kkyk eas i/kkjsA ml le; mUgksua s leLr çkFkZuk djrs gh i`Foh QV x;h vkSj Hkwry ls ,d vÚqr flagklu mHkj vk;k] tks
½f"k;ksa dks cqyk;kA eqfuoj okYehfd lhrk ds lkFk ;K'kkyk esa igq¡pAs eg£"k ds lkFk vR;Ur fnO; ,oa lqUnj FkkA fnO; jRuksa ls foHkwf"kr ik¡p f'kjksa okys egkijkØeh
lhrk flj >qdk, pyh vk jgh Fkha] nksuksa gkFk tqMÛs Fks vkSj us=ksa ls vk¡lw >j jgs FksA ukxksa us fnO; :i /kkj.k djds ml fnO; flagklu dks /kkj.k dj j[kk FkkA flagklu
ml leqnk; ds chp eqfuoj us lhrk dh 'kq¼rk dk leFkZu fd;kA rnuUrj Jh jke ij i`Foh vf/k"Bk=h nsoh fnO; :i /kkj.k djds çdV gqbAZ mUgksua s lhrk dks viuh
cksy]s ßlhrk ds lEcU/k esa tSlk vki dg jgs gS]a og lc Bhd gSA eSa ;g tkurk gw¡] xksn esa mBk fy;k vkSj Lokxriwod Z vfHkuUnu djds flagklu ij cSBk fy;k] ;g
dq'k vkSj yo esjs gh iq= gSa rFkkfi tuleqnk; esa 'kq¼rk gksuh pkfg,AÞ fç;tuksa dgrs gq,] ßiq=h okil pyks] bl yksd dk rqEgsa vc i;kZIr vuqHko gks pqdk gSAÞ
txg&txg ls vk;s gq, ekaMfyd jktkvks]a eaf=;ksa vkSj O;kikfj;ksa ds le{k os lhrk flagklu ij cSBdj lhrk jlkry esa ços'k djus yxhaA ml le; nsorkvksa us
dks viuh ifo=rk dh 'kiFk ysus dks dgrs gSAa ml le; lhrk rifLofu;ksa ds iq"io`f"V }kjk mUgsa lEekfur fd;kA
vuq:i xs#vk oL= /kkj.k fd, gq, FkhaA vki ns[ks]a fu;fr fdl çdkj nq%[kn vUr Hkwyksd ml nsoh dh egkurk dks le> u ik;k] muds vf}rh; pfj= dks
rd mudk ihNk djrh gS! D;k ,d ckj iqu% mUgsa 'kiFk ysuh gksxh\ lcdh ljkg u ldk] fdUrq mPp yksd us ljkgkA os loZFkk funks"Z k çekf.kr gks xb±] funZ;
mifLFkfr ds chp os gkFk tksMÛ]s n`f"V vkSj eq[k uhps fd, ,d nSoh leiZ.k ls os ifr vkSj mudh çtk] vusd çek.kksa ds ckotwn Hkh] mu ij lUnsg djrs jgsA dqN
cksyha % 'kCn jke ds çfr Hkh nsuk pkgw¡xkA ,slk u le>s fd bl ujJs"B ifr ds çfr vkids
;Fkkga jk?koknU;a eulkfi u fpUr;sA eu esa dqN dBksj Hkkouk;sa NksMÛuk pkgrk gw¡A fdUrq] Li"Vhdj.k gsrq nks 'kCn dguk
rFkk es ek/koh nsoh fooja nkrqegZfrAA vko';d gSA Jh jke dksbZ lk/kkj.k euq"; ugha Fks] tcfd vusd ckrksa esa gekjs gh
eulk deZ.kk okpk ;Fkk jkea lepZ;A leku Fks] muesa Hkh vusd deTÛkksfj;k¡ Fkha tSlh lk/kkj.k euq"; esa gksrh gSAa mUgksua s
rFkk es ek/koh nsoh fooja nkrqegZfrAA viuh lk/kuk }kjk ekuoh; xq.kksa dks vR;Ur mRÏ"V Lrj ij igq¡pk fn;k FkkA ç'u
;FkSrr~ lR;eqDra es osfù jkekr~ ija u pA ;g mBrk gS fd os viuh iRuh ds çfr brus fu"Bqj D;ksa gq,] ckotwn v'kaduh;
rFkk es ek/koh nsoh fooja nkrqegZfrAA çek.kksa dsA lhrk lnk gh muds çfr dÙkZO; fu"B jgh FkhaA eSua s igys Hkh bl ckr dks

le>kus dk ç;kl fd;k gS] iqu% nksgjkrk gw¡A D;ksfa d Jh jke ds okLrfod Lo:i
dks le>uk vko';d gS] tks fnO;rk dh bruh Å¡pkbZ ij igq¡p pqdk Fkk fd ge]
lk/kkj.k thou laxkz e esa layXu gq, O;fDr] muds vfHkçk; dks le>us esa loZFkk
v{ke gSAa fQj Hkh ijks{k :i ls ladrs fn;k tk ldrk gS] ;g tks dqN dfo us dgk
vëkbZlok¡ v/;k;
ml ij vk/kkfjr gSA Jh jke ds okLrfod Lo:i dks u n'kjFk le> lds Fks] u gh dSds;h
y{e.k] u gh Hkjr] u gh mudks çtk us] u gh ml le; fdlh vU; us le>kA
;fn le>k x;k] rks dsoy lqfe=k vkSj lhrk }kjkA ,slk çrhr gksrk gS fd ;s yksx
,slk le>rs Fks fd ekuoh; çÏfr dh tks mPpre vis{kk;sa gS]a Jh jke mUgsa iwjk dj
jgs FksA os fn, gq, okns dks dk;kZfUor dj jgs Fks vkSj mldh iwfrZ ds fy, dksbZ R;kx] dSds;h ds uke ;g ,d vuFkZlpw d eqgkojk cu x;k gSA çk;% vc ;g ,d
dksbZ cfynku vf/kd ugha FkkA bl ckr dks muds le; esa fdlh us u le>k] ;gh ,slh L=h ds fy;s ç;ksx fd;k tkrk gS] tks vuSfrd <ax ls viuk çHkko c<Ûkdj
jke dk lcls cMÛk nqHkkZX; FkkA ;g rks jke ds pfj= dh xfjek gS] ;|fi mudk mldk ç;ksx vuqfpr mís'; ds fy, djrh gSA ^jkek;.k* esa og vlqUnj ik=k gSA
migkl fd;k x;k] mudks rkus ekjs x,] muds dÙkZO; iFk ij vusd #dkoVsa Mkyh mlesa çfrHkk Fkh] fo'ks"k çdkj dh ;ksX;rk;sa Hkh Fkha] fdUrq mlus mudk nq#i;ksx
xbZ] muds fudVorhZ yksxksa }kjkµ firk] ekrk] HkkbZ çtktu ;gk¡ rd xq# ofl"B LokFkZijrk ds fy, fd;kA mlesa lÙkk dk eksg Fkk] yksxksa ds çfr rkuk'kkgh ço`fÙk Fkh
}kjk HkhA bu lc fojks/kksa ds ckotwn Hkh os nqfu;k ds fo#¼ MVs jgs] vkSj vdsy&s vkSj tks Hkh mldh N=Nk;k esa vk;k] mls ckn esa iNrkuk iMÛkA ;g rks fcYdqy
;gh muds fy, loksPZ p dÙkZO; Fkk] pkgs og fdruk Hkh dBksj D;ksa u FkkA Jh jke Li"V gS fd bu lc ckrksa ds ckotwn og ,d egRoiw.kZ ik=k FkhA og Øwj Fkh] og
dh egkurk ;gh gS fd /keZikyu djus esa muds fy, dksbZ R;kx Hkh nq"dj ugha FkkA bZ";kZyq Fkh vkSj >wB Hkh cksyrh FkhA ;|fi mldks ;g psrkouh ns nh xbZ Fkh fd
/keZ ds vusd :i Fks] dHkh og çdV gksrk] vius firk ds opuksa ds :i es]a dHkh mldh gjdÛrksa ls mlds ifr dh e`R;q Hkh gks ldrh gS] fQj Hkh og viuh y{;iw£r
dqy e;kZnk ds :i ea]s dHkh 'k=q dks naM nsus ds :i esAa fdlh Hkh ifjfLFkfr es]a tks ds ekxZ ls u gVhA dsoy ,d gh ckr ftlls mlds pfj= dh {kfriw£r gqbZ gS] og
mUgsa mPpre /keZ yxk] mlh dk mUgksuas s ikyu fd;k vkSj mldh iwfrZ gsrq dqN Hkh gS Jh jke ds çfr mldk igys dk Lusge; Hkko vkSj og Lusg] tks mls mudh vksj
R;kx ,slk ugha Fkk] tks os u dj ldsA iRuh dks R;kx nks] thou rd dks R;kx nks] ls feykA buesa ls dkSu&lk dkj.k Fkk] vkSj dkSu&lk ifj.kke] ;g Li"V ughaAa ge
ysfdu /keZ dks v{kq..k j[kksA vU; dksbZ fodYi ugha FkkA fu;eijk;.krk dh bruh mls Jh jke ds ln~x.q kksa dks igpkuus vkSj fu"diV Hkko ls mUgsa ljkgus dk Js; ns
dBksjrk gedks yksxksa ds fy, le>uk dfBu gSA ;gh jke dh 'kk'or efgek gSA jke ldrs gSAa dfo ;g crkrk gS fd tgk¡ rd muds vkpj.k ds lEcU/k gS] Jh jke us
/keZ dh vewrZ vo/kkj.kk ds çfr lnk lqn`<Û jgs] pkgs blds fy, mUgssa fdlh Hkh viuh ekrk vkSj dSd;s h ds chp dksbZ HksnHkko ugha fd;kA blds vfrfjDr ;g Hkh
xÛyrQgeh dk f'kdkj gksuk iMÛk vFkok muds Åij ,d vekuqf"kd fu"Bqj O;fDr vusd ckj dgk x;k gS fd dSd;s h ds çfr Lusgçn'kZu vkSj lsok esa os mlds iq=]
gksus dk vkjksi Hkh Fkksik x;k] ,d ,slk O;fDr gksus dk] tks viuh iRuh ds çfr Hkh Hkjr ls vf/kd vkxs FksA
bruk fueZe gks x;k Fkk] og Hkh ,d ,slh ukjh ds çfr] tks ukjh tkfr ds leLr
bl lkekU; /kkj.kk ds lkFk vPNk rks ;gh gksxk fd ge vkjEHk djs]a lqeU=
ln~x.q kksa dh çrhd FkhA ;fn bl ckr dks vki iwjh rjg ls le> u ik;s gks]a ;fn
}kjk dSd;s h dh mRifÙk vkSj mldh ekrk ds pfj= ds lEcU/k esa fn, x;s o`ÙkkUr
dHkh vkidks ,slk yxs fd vPNk rks ;gh jgrk fd Jh jke ,d nks pj.k uhps mrj
lsA ;g çlax ml le; dk gS tc lhrk vkSj y{e.k lfgr Jh jke n'kjFk ds ikl
vkrs] rks ;g vki gh tkusAa vr% ge Jh jke dks dksbZ nks"k u ns]a pkgs ge lhrk dh
tkdj ouokl ds fy, fonk ek¡xus vkrs gSAa jktk 'kksd ls O;kdqy gksdj vpsr gq,
nqn'Z kk ij fdruk Hkh d#.kkæZ D;ksa u gksAa
i`Foh ij fxj iMÛrs gSAa dSd;s h dks NksMÛdj lHkh jkfu;k¡ jks iMÛrh gSAa lqeU= Hkh
jksr&s jksrs ew£PNr gks x,A gks'k vkus ij lkgl dj lkjfFk lqeU= lglk mBdj [kMÛs
gks x,A dSd;s h ds O;ogkj ij os cMÛs {kqC/k FksA dSd;s h dks QVdkj dj mUgksua s mlls
bl çdkj dguk vkjEHk dj fd;k] ßdSd;s h eSa le>rk gw¡ fd rqEgkjh ekrk dk
vius dqy ds vuq:i tSlk LoHkko Fkk] oSlk gh rqEgkjk Hkh gSA rqEgkjh ekrk ds
455

nqjkxzg dh ckr Hkh ge tkurs gSAa bl fo"k; esa tSlk igys lquk x;k gS] og crk;k cnuke Hkh Fkh fd ftl çdkj og vius ifr ij vius çHkko dk nq#i;ksx djrh
tkrk gSAÞ ladrs gS] dSd;s h lhrk ds çfr vR;Ur nq"Vrkiw.kZ O;ogkj ds çn'kZu dh FkhA mlus lpeqp bu lc dh inoh dks cgqr uhps fxjk fn;k FkkA Lo;a eaFkjk
vksj dSd;s h dh ekrk ls lEcfU/kr o`ÙkkUr lqeU= Lo;a gh la{ksi esa lqukrs gSAa ,slk dgrh gS %
çdV gksrk gS fd dSd;s h dh ekrk] v'oifr dh iRuh] ,d vPNh L=h ugha FkhA nikZféjkÑrk iwo± Ro;k lkSHkkX;oÙk;kA
fdlh lk/kq ds ojnku ls dSd;s h ujs'k leLr çkf.k;ksa dh cksyh le>us dh {kerk jkeekrk liRuh rs dFka oSja u ;kr;srA~ A II.8.37
j[krs FksA ,d ckj tc os 'k¸;k ij ysVs gq, Fks] nks phafV;k¡ vkil esa cksy jgh FkhA ß;fn rqe jke dks ;qojkt in ij vfHkf"kDr gks tkus nksxh] dkS'kY;k
mudk vfHkçk; jktk dks le> esa vk x;k vkSj os dbZ ckj tksj ls g¡lAs mlh 'k¸;k 'kfDr'kkyh gks tk;sxhA rqeus igys tks ifr dk vR;f/kd çse çkIr gksus ds dkj.k
ij mudh iRuh Hkh lksbZ gqbZ Fkh] og ;g le>dj fd jktk mldh g¡lh mMÛk jgs gS]a ?ke.M eas vkdj] ftudk rqeus vuknj fd;k Fkk] os rqEgkjh lkSr] jktekrk
dqfir gks mBhA og viuh ftKklk dks ugha nck ldh vkSj iwNus yxh fd g¡lh dk dkS'kY;k iq= dh jkT;çkfIr ls lkSHkkX;'kkfyuh gks tk;saxhA D;k mUgsa ;kn ugha
dkj.k D;k gSA jktk ds n`<Ûrk iwod Z bUdkj djus ij og dgus yxh] ßrqEgsa crkuk vk;sxh] tks dqN rqeus vius vuqdy w fnuksa esa muds çfr fd;k gS] vc os rqels
gh iMÛxs kA vU;Fkk] eSa rks ;g le>w¡xh fd vki esjs Åij g¡l jgs FksA jktk us mÙkj cnyk D;ksa u ysxha] dnkfpr~~ C;kt lesrAÞ
fn;k rqe tks pkgks] fu"d"kZ fudky ldrh gks] eSa rqEgkjs Åij ugha g¡lkA ijUrq] n'kjFk Hkh dSd;s h ls dgrs gS]a tc mlus viuh ek¡xs çLrqr dha %
;fn eSa rqEgsa vius g¡lus dk dkj.k crkÅ¡] rks ifj.kke gksxk] esjh mlh {k.k e`R;q]
blesa la'k; ughaAÞ ;g lqudj jkuh us dgk] ßrqe thvks ;k ejks] eq>s ijokg ugha] fda eka o{;fr dkSlY;k jk?kos ouekfLFkrsA
fda pSuka çfro{;kfHk ÑRok fofç;ehn`'ke~AA
ijUrq eq>s bldk dkj.k crk nksA ;fn ugha crkvksx]s rks eSa blh {k.k vius çk.k ns
nw¡xhAÞ jkuh ds ,slk dgus ij jktk us vius xq# ds ikl tkdj lc o`ÙkkUr lquk;kA ;nk ;nk fg dkSlY;k nklhoPp l[kho pA
Hkk;kZoöfxuhoPp ekròPpksifr"BfrAA
xq# us mÙkj fn;k] ßbl L=h dks ?kj ls fudky fn;k tk;sA ijUrq rqe dnkfi mls
;g ckr u crkukAÞ ;g lqudj jktk us jkuh dks ?kj ls fudky fn;kA dFkk ls ,slk lrra fç;dkek es fç;iq=k fç;aonkA
çrhr gksrk gS] jktk us fQj fookg ugha fd;k vkSj dgk] ß,d dk vuqHko gh dkQÛh u e;k lRÑrk nsoh lRdkjkgkZ Ñrs roAA
gSAÞ bnkuha rÙkifr eka ;Ue;k lqÑra Rof;AA II.12.67-70
lqeU= dgrs gS]a ßrqe Hkh blh çdkj nqtuZ ksa ds ekxZ ij fLFkr gks vkSj jktk ls ß;fn jke ou pys x,] rks dkS'kY;k eq>s D;k dgsxh\ mldk ,slk egku
vuqfpr vkxzg dj jgh gksA vkt eq>s ;g yksdksfDr fcYdqy Bhd ekywe gksrh gS] vidkj djds eSa D;k mÙkj nw¡xk\ gk;! ftldk iq= eq>s lcls I;kjk gS] og
rqe loZFkk viuh ek¡ ds leku gksA rqe ,slh u cuks] bl yksdksfDr dks vius thou fç;opu cksyus okyh] tc tc fd og lc nklh] l[kh] iRuh] cfgu vkSj ekrk dh
esa pfjrkFkZ u djksA rqe gj ckr esa viuh ek¡ dh udÛy u djksA ,slh ek¡x u djks] Hkk¡fr esjk fç; djus okyh gS] og esjh lsok esa mifLFkr gksrh Fkh] rc ;ksX; nsfo dk
ftldk ifj.kke vUrr% oS/o; gksAÞ ijUrq okLro es]a mlus fd;k ,slk ghA og Vl Hkh eSua s rsjs gh dkj.k lRdkj ugha fd;kA mlds in vkSj pfj= vuqdy w mlds çfr
ls el u gqbAZ mlus fl¼ dj fn;k fd lqeU= dk n`"VkUr ml ij iwjk&iwjk ykxw eSua s O;ogkj ugha fd;kA eSua s mls tks ihMÛk igq¡pkbZ gS vkSj rsjs lkFk tks eSua s bruk
FkkA dfo dgrk gS fd tc lqeU= lc dg pqd]s rks os mlds psgjs dks fugkj jgs FksA vPNk crkZo fd;k gS] ;g lc dqN ;kn vkdj] bl le; eq>s lUrIr dj jgk gSAÞ
lEHkor% ml ij dksbZ çHkko iMÛk gks] ijUrq mlesa dksbZ ifjorZu ugha gqvk FkkA lqfe=k çs{; oS Hkhrk dFka esa fo'ofl";frA II.12.72
dSd;s h ds eu esa u {kksHk Fkk vkSj u nq%[kA mlds psgjs ds jax esa dksbZ cnyko ugha eSa le>rk gw¡] ;s 'kCn] *çs{; oS lhrk^ tkucw> dj ç;qDr fd, x, gSAa
vk;kA og ogh dBksj L=h Fkh] tSls igys Fkh] tc mlus viuh ek¡xas j[kh FkhaA ;g lqfe=k ifRu;ksa esa lcls vf/kd fouez vkSj le>nkj FkhA esjs fopkj ls dqy
ogh efgyk gS] ftldh djrwras vkxs pydj i;kZIr LFkku ysxa haA lp rks ;g gS fd feykdj og dkS'kY;k ls Hkh vf/kd fodflr vkSj ifjiDo iRuh FkhA vr% os dgrs
ogh lc ladVksa dh tMÛ FkhA gS]a ßJh jke ds vfHk"ksd dk fuokj.k vkSj ouokl ds fy;s çLFkku ns[kdj fu'p; gh
fdl çdkj dk O;ogkj og viuh lifRu;ksa ls djrh Fkh] ;g igyk fo"k; gS] lqfe=k Hk;Hkhr gks tk;sxh] fQj og dSls esjk fo'okl djsxh\ fdl çdkj eSa ml
ftldk mYys[k eSa djus tk jgk gw¡A ;g rks loZfofnr Fkk vkSj blds fy, og 'kkUr efgyk dh vksj ns[k ldw¡xk\Þ

tc jke dkS'kY;k ds ikl tkdj ml nk#.k lekpkj dks lqukrs gS]a tks mUgsa fuR;Øks/kr;k rL;k% d'ka uq [kjokfn rr~A
viuh lkSry s h ek¡ vkSj firk ls feyk Fkk] dkS'kY;k dgrh gSa % dSd¸s ;k onua nz"Vqa iq= 'k{;kfe <qxr Z k AA II.20.41,42
;fn iq= u tk;sFkk ee 'kksdk; jk?koA ßrqe lc yxHkx lÙkkbZl o"kZ ds gks x;s gksA ,d O;Ld iq= ds esjs fudV
u Le nq%[kerks Hkw;% i';s;egeçtk%AA jgus ij Hkh] tks vius firk dk bruk ykMÛyk gS] fo'o Hkj esa lEekfur gS] eSa lkSrkaas
,d ,o fg oU/;k;k% 'kksdks Hkofr ekul%A ls frjLÏr jgh gw¡A rqEgkjs ijnsl pys tkus ij esjh n'kk D;k gksxh\ ml n'kk esa rks
vçtkLehfr larkiks u áU;% iq= fo|rsAA II.20.36,37 esjk ej.k gh fuf'pr gSA ifr dh vksj ls rks eq>s lnk vR;f/kd frjLdkj gh feyk
ßcsVk jke! rqe mRiék gh D;ksa gq, Fks\ ;fn rqEgkjk tUe u gqvk gksrk] rks eq>s gS] dHkh I;kj lEeku çkIr ugha gqvkA eSa dSd;s h dh nkfl;ksa ds cjkcj vFkok muls
bl ,d gh ckr dk 'kksd jgrkA vkt] tks eq> ij bruk Hkkjh nq%[k vk iMÛk gS] mls Hkh x;h chrh le>h tkrh gw¡A csV!s bl nqxfZ r ea]s tc rqe pys tkvksx]s eSa fdl
oU/;k gksus ij Hkh eq>s u ns[kuk iMÛrkA oU/;k dks dsoy ,d gh ekufld 'kksd çdkj lnk Øks/kh LoHkko okyh ml dSd;s h ds eq[k dks ns[k ldw¡xh\Þ
gksrk gSA mlds eu esa lUrki cuk jgrk gS fd esjs dksbZ lUrku ugha gS] blds n'k lIr p o"kkZf.k ro tkrL; jk?koA
vfrfjDr mls nwljk nq%[k ugha gksrkA fdUrq ,d iq= çkIr djds vkSj og Hkh rqe vkflrkfu çd³~{kUR;k e;k nq%[kifj{k;e~AA
tSlk] TÛkjk ns[kks] esjh D;k xfr gksxh\Þ vi';Urh ro eq[ka ifjiw.kZ'kf'kçHke~A
u n`"Viwo± dY;k.ka lq[ka ok ifrikS:"ksA Ñi.kk orZf;";kfe dFka Ñi.kthfodke~AA II.20.44-47
vfi iq=s rq i';s;fefr jkefLFkra e;kAA ;g fn[kkus ds fy, fd eSa xÛyrh ij gw¡] eSua s tks 'yksd vHkh fn;s gS]a muds
lk cgwU;euksKkfu okD;kfu ân;fPNnke~A vuqlkj bl le; jke dh vk;q dsoy l=g o"kZ gSA bl fo"k; esa dqN okn&fookn
vga Jks";s liRuhukeojk.kka ojk lrhAA gSA vk;q bl le; l=g o"kZ ugha gks ldrhA blesa dqN xÛyrh gSA vr% dqN yksxksa
vrks nq%[krja fda uq çenkuka Hkfo";frA dk er gS fd mudh vk;q l=g esa og tksMÛdj fudkyrh gS] tcfd mudk miu;u
ee 'kksdks foyki'p ;kn`'kks·;euUrd%AA II.20. 38-40 gqvk FkkA bl fglkc ls mudh vk;q bl le; lÙkkbZl&vëkbZl o"kZ cSBrh gSA
ßeSua s i`Foh ds pØorhZ lezkV dks oj.k fd;k] fdUrq eq>s feyk D;k\ ifr ds dkS'kY;k vkxs dgrh gS] ßj?kquUnu! rqEgkjs miu;u :i f}rh; tUe ds
çHkqRodky esa ,d T;s"B iRuh dks tks lq[k çkIr gksuk Fkk] og eq>s igys dHkh dgha fy;s l=g o"kZ chr x,A rqe vc l=g tek nl o"kZ& lÙkkbZl o"kZ vFkkZr~ rqe vc
ns[kus dks Hkh u feykA eSa lksprh Fkh iq= ds jkT; esa lc lq[k ns[k yw¡xh] blh vk'kk lÙkkbZl o"kZ ds gks x,A vc rd eSa ;gh vk'kk yxk, pyh vk jgh Fkh fd vc esjk
ls vc rd thfor jghA vc eSa bl jktegy esa vHkkfxu jkfu;ksa esa lcls vf/kd nq%[k nwj gks tk;sxkA eSua s bl nqxfZ r dks cgqr lgk] vc lgk ugha tkrkA eSa vc ,d
vHkkfxu jkuh gks tkÅ¡xhA ;fn esjs iq= dks fuokZflr dj fn;k tk;sxk] rks esjh D;k vHkkfxu dk thou th jgh gw¡A iw.kZ pUæek ds leku rqEgkjs eq[k dks ns[ks fcuk eSa
xfr gksxh\ cMÛh jkuh gksdj Hkh eq>s viuh lkSrksa ds cgqr ls vfç; opu lquus nq%f[kuh dSls ftÅ¡xh\Þ
iMÛxas As fL=;ksa ds fy, blls c<Ûdj egku nq%[k vkSj D;k gksxk\ vr% esjs 'kksd vkSj mioklS'p ;ksxS'p cgqfHk'p ifjJeS%A
foyki dk dksbZ vUr ugha gSA tSlk rqe tkurs gh gks] ,d L=h] tks vR;Ur nq%[ka laoÆ/krks eks?ka Roa fg nqxrZ ;k e;kAA II.20.48
lkSHkkX;'kkyh le>h tkrh gS] ;fn mlus ,d iq= dks tUe fn;k gSA ijUrq tc og ßeSua s rqEgkjs ykyu&ikyu esa D;k&D;k ugha lgk\ eq>s miokl j[kuk iMÛk]
ml iq= dks [kks cSBrh gS] rks tks foifÙk;k¡ ml ij ml le; cjlk;h x;h Fkha] tc Hkw[ks&I;kls tkuk iMÛk] vR;f/kd ,|e djuk iMÛkA ;g lc O;FkZ pyk x;k gSA ;fn
mlds iq= ugha Fkk] os lc nqxuq h frxquh gks tk;sxa hAÞ rqEgsa bl ns'k ls fudkyk tkuk Fkk] rks eq> HkkX;ghu us ckj ckj miokl] nsorkvksa
Rof; lafufgrs·I;soegekla fujkÑrkA dh vpZuk&iwtk] u tkus D;k&D;k ifjJetud mik; djds O;FkZ gh brus d"V
fda iqu% çksf"krs rkr /kzr q a ej.keso esAA ls rqEgkjk ikyu&iks"k.k fd;kAÞ
vR;Ura fux`ghrkfLe HkrZÆq uR;erfU=rkA bl çdkj dh ckrsa çk;% ekrk;sa rHkh djrh gS]a tc os vius iq=ksa dh vksj ls
ifjokjs.k dSd¸s ;k% lek okI;FkokojkAA vlar"q V vuqHko djrh gSAa vkidks dnkfpr~~ /;ku gksxk fd eSua s Hkjr }kjk viuh

ekrk dSd;s h dk pfj=&fp=.k igys fn;k Fkk] tks fd muds ;g tkuus ls iwoZ dk gS fd nf;rk Roa lnk HkrZqj= ls ukfLr la'k;%A
v;ksè;k esas mudh vuqifLFkfr esa D;k dqN vuqfpr gqvk gS]* lhrk vkSj y{e.k lfgr RoRÑrs l egkjktks fo'ksnfi gqrk'kue~AA
jke dk ouxeu vkSj mlds mijkUr n'kjFk dh e`R;qA eaf=;ksa rFkk eqfuvksa us jktk u Roka Øks/kf;rqa 'kDrks u Øq)ka çR;qnhf{krqeA~
foghu gksus okyh nqnZ'kk dk o.kZu djds ofl"B th ls fdlh dks 'kh?kz gh jktk cukus dk ro fç;kFk± jktk fg çk.kkufi ifjR;tsrA~ A
vuqjks/k fd;kA ofl"B th dh vkKkuqlkj ik¡p nwr Hksts x;s] dSd;s ns'k] Hkjr vkSj u áfrØferqa 'kDrLro okD;a eghifr%A
'k=q?u dks ykus ds fy;sA Hkjr us igys firk] Jh jke vkSj y{e.k] dkS'kY;k o lqfe=k eUnLoHkkos cq)îLo lkSHkkX;cyekReu%AA II.9. 24-26
dh dq'ky iwNhA rnuUrj viuh ekrk dhA os dSd;s tkus ls iwoZ] tSlk viuh ekrk dks ßblesa lUnsg ugha fd rqe vius ifr dks lnk ls cgqr fç; jgh gksA rqEgkjs
tkurs Fks] mldk o.kZu dj] os ofl"B ds nwrksa ls bl çdkj iwNrs gSa % fy;s egkjkt vfXu esa Hkh ços'k dj ldrs gSAa rqeus mu ij bruk tknw Mkyk gqvk
vkRedkek lnk p.Mh Øks/kuk çkKekfékhA gS fd os u rks rqEgsa dqfir dj ldrs gS]a vkSj u gh rqEgas dqfir voLFkk esa ns[k ldrs
vjksxk pkfi es ekrk dSd; s h fdeqokp gAA II.70.10 gSAa jktk n'kjFk rqEgkjh bPNkiw£r ds fy, vius çk.kksa dk Hkh ifjR;kx dj ldrs gSAa
ßtks lnk viuk gh LokFkZ fl¼ djuk pkgrh gS vkSj vius vkidks cgqr egkjkt rqEgkjh ckr dks fdlh çdkj Hkh Vky ugha ldrsA rqe vius lkSHkkX;cy dk
cqf¼erh le>rh gS] ml mxz LoHkko okyh dksi'khyk] esjh ekrk dSd;s h dks rks dksbZ Lej.k djks vkSj mldk iwjk&iwjk ykHk mBkvksAÞ
d"V ugha gS\ mlus D;k dgk\Þ tc jktk dksi Hkou esa vk;s] rks mUgksua s dSd;s h dks efyu oL= igus /kjrh
v;ks/;k ykSVus ij tc Hkjr dks lc o`ÙkkUr viuh ekrk ls feyk] mUgksua s ij yksVrs ns[kkA mlds iq"igj vkSj fnO; vkHkw"k.k /kjrh ij ;=&r= fc[kjs iMÛs
dSd;s h dks f/kDdkjk vkSj mlds çfr egku jks"k çdV fd;kA tc os iwNrs gS]a muds FksA os mlds vaxksa ij gkFk Qsjrs gq, mlls iwNrs gS]a ßnsfo! D;k ckr gS\ crkvks u]
HkkbZ Jh jke D;kas ?kj ls fudkyk x;k] os dgrs gSa % vkf[Ûkj ckr D;k gS\ rqe tks bl çdkj nq%[k nsus ds fy;s /kwy esa yksV jgh gks]
rFkk T;s"Bk fg ess ekrk dkSlY;k nh?kZnÆ'kuhA mldk D;k dkj.k gS\ esjs eu esa rks rqEgkjs fy;s lnk dY;k.k Hkkouk jgrh gSA rqe
Rof; /ke± lekLFkk; HkfxU;kfeo orZrAs A eq>ls dqN Hkh çkIr dj ldrh gks\ esjs jgrs gq, rqe D;ksa /kjrh ij yksV jgh gks\
rL;k% iq=a ÑrkRekua phjoYdyoklle~A D;k dHkh ,slk gqvk gS fd eSua s rqEgkjk eu ugha j[kk gS\ bl le; ,slk D;ksa gks jgk gS\Þ
çLFkkI; ouoklk; dFka ikis u 'kkspflAA II.73.10,11 d% fç;a yHkrkHk| dks ok lqegnfç;e~A
ßesjh cMÛh ekrk dkS'kY;k us /keZ dk vkJ; ysdj rqEgkjs lkFk cfgu dk lk ek jksnhekZ pa dk"khZLRoa nsfo laifj'kks"k.keAA
crkZo fd;k gSA mlds fy, rqEgkjk muds çfr dSlk O;ogkj jgk gS D;ksfa d os cgqr vo/;ks o/;rka dks ok ok/;% dks ok foeqP;rke~%A
nwjn£'kuh gSAa os ,d çKkorh efgyk gS]a vR;Ur O;ogkjdq'ky gSA mUgsa mfpr vkSj nfjæ% dks HkoRok<îks æO;okUokI;fdapu%AA
vuqfpr dh le> gSA mUgksua s rqEgkjh vuqnkjrk dk cnyk #[kkbZ ls ugha fn;kA vga pSo enh;kÜ; losZ ro o'kkuqxk%A
eq>s rks ;g vk'p;Z gS] rqEgsa mlds csVs dks ou esa Hkst dj Nky o [kky iguus ij u rs fdafpnfHkçk;a O;kgUrqegeqRlgsAA
foo'k djus dk ys'kek= 'kksd Hkh ughaAÞ vkReuks thforsukfi czwfg ;UeulsPNflA
TÛkjk ns[krs gSa cw<Ûs jktk ij dSd;s h us fdruh idMÛ viuh cukbZ gqbZ FkhA cyekRefu tkuUrh u eka 'kf³~drqegZflAA II.10.32-35
mldk çHkko mu ij fdruk Fkk\ Jh jke ds vfHk"ksd dk lekpkj ikdj f[kék gqbZ cw<Ûs jktk ds U;k; dk uewuk vki nsf[k,! os dgrs gS]a ßrqe dgks rks lgh] rqe
eUFkjk us tc dSds;h dks mdlkuk vkjEHk fd;k vkSj jke ds jkT;kfHk"ksd dks dks fdldk fç; dke djuk gSA rqEgkjs fdl midkjh dks fç; euksjFk çkIr gks
dSd;s h ds fy;s vfu"Vdkjh o Hkjr ds fy;s Hk;tud crkdj] og vUrr% dSd;s h vFkkZr~ fdl vidkjh dks vR;Ur dBksj naM fn;k tk;s\ viuk ân; u nq[kkvks]
dks HkMÛdkus esa lQy gks xbZA mlus jktk ls çfrJqr nks ojksa dks ek¡xus dh lykg nh rqe jksvks erA rqEgkjh bPNkuqlkj fdl funks"Z kh dk o/k fd;k tk;s vFkok fdl
vkSj dksiHkou esa tkus dks Hkh dgkA ml le; eUFkjk dSd;s h ls dgrh gS % çk.knaM ;ksX; O;fDr dks eqDr fd;k tk;s\ fdl nfjæ dks /kuoku vkSj fdl
/kuoku vkSj fdl /kuoku dks nfjæ cuk;k tk;s\ eSa vkSj esjs lsod lHkh rqEgkjh
* nsf[k, v-13, i`-213.
vkKk ds v/khu gSAa rqEgkjs fdlh Hkh euksjFk dk Hkax ugha dj ldrkA mls iwjk

vo'; d:¡xk] pkgs mlds fy, eq>s çk.k gh D;ksa u nsus iMÛAas vr% tks dqN rqEgkjs dSd;s h viuh ek¡x dk ifj.kke vkSj mlds vuFkZdkjh Lo:i dks HkyhHkk¡fr
eu eas gks og Li"V dg nksA vius cy&çHkko dks dks tkurs gq, Hkh rqEgsa eq> ij tkurh FkhA ;s vk'oklu Hkh mlds fy;s i;kZIr u FksA vr% tSlk ge ns[ksxa ]s og
lUnsg ugha djuk pkfg, fd eSa rqEgkjh ckr ekuw¡xk ;k ughaA ftlesa rqEgsa çlékrk n'kjFk dks vkSj Hkh dBksj oknksa }kjk vf/kd ck¡/krh gSA mlus vius vR;Ur Hk;adj
feys] eSa ogh d:¡xkAÞ vfHkçk; dks bl çdkj O;Dr fd;k %
vofyIrs u tkukfl Ror% fç;rjks eeA ;Fkk Øes.k 'kifl oja ee nnkfl pA
euqtks euqtO;k?kzækeknU;ks u fo|rsAA rPN`.oUrq =;fLa='kísok% lkfXuiqjksxek%AA
rsukt¸;su eq[;su jk?kos.k egkReukA pUækfnR;kS uHk'pSo xzgk jk«;guh fn'k%A
'kis rs thoukgsZ.k czwfg ;UeulsPNflAA txPp i`fFkoh ps;a lxU/kokZ ljk{klkAA
;a eqgrw eZ i';aLrq u tho;ega /kzoq e~A fu'kkpjkf.k Hkwrkfu x`gs"kq x`gnsork%A
rsu jkes.k dSdfs ; 'kis rs opufØ;ke~AA ;kfu pkU;kfu Hkwrkfu tkuh;qHkkZf"kra roAA
vkReuk okRetS'pkU;So.`Z ks ;a euqt"kZHke~A lR;lU/kks egkrstk /keZK% lqlekfgr%A
rsu jkes.k dSdfs ; 'kis rs opufØ;ke~AA oja ee nnkR;s"k rUes Ük`.oUrq nsork%AA II.13-16
vkReuk okRetS'pkU;So.`Z ks ;a euqt"kZHke~A ßjktu~! vki ftl çdkj ,d ds i'pkr~ ,d 'kiFk [kkdj eq>s oj nsus ds
rsu jkes.k dSdfs ; 'kis rs opufØ;ke~AA fy, m|r gq, gS]a mls vfXu vkfn rSra hl djksMÛ nsork Hkh lqu ysAa pUæek] lw;]Z
Hkæs ân;eI;srnuqe'` ;ks)jLo esA vkdk'k] xzg] jkr&fnu] pkjksa fn'kk;sa] txr~] ;g i`Foh] xU/koZ] jk{kl] jkr esa
,rRleh{; dSdfs ; czfw g ;Rlk/kq eU;lsAA fopjus okys çk.kh] ?kjksa esa jgus okys nsork rFkk vU; lc çk.kh& ;s lc vkids
cyekRefu i';Urh u eka 'kf³~drqegZflA dFku dks tku ysa vFkkZr~ vkidh ckrksa ds lk{kh cus]a lc nsorkx.k lquAsa egkrstLoh]
dfj";kfe ro çhfra lqÑrsukfi rs 'kisAA II.11.5-10 lR;çfrK rFkk 'kq¼ vkpkj&fopkj okys ;s egkjkt eq>s oj ns jgs gSaA Lej.k
ßvius lkSHkkX; ij xoZ djus okyh dSd;s h! D;k rqEgsa ekywe ugha gS] ujJs"B jf[k,] vkidh ckrksa dks bu lcus lqu fy;k gSA ;g u lksfp, fd vkius eq>ls gh
Jh jke ds vfrfjDr nwljk dksbZ vU; euq"; ugha gS] tks eq>s rqels vf/kd fç; gks dqN dgk gS] vf[ky fo'o us lc dqN lqu fy;k gS] ,d&,d 'kCnAÞ
tks çk.kksa ds }kjk Hkh vkjk/kuh; gS vkSj ftUgsa thruk fdlh ds fy;s Hkh vlEHko gSA bl çdkj jktk dks o'khHkwr djds dSd;s h mUgsa igys fn, gq, ojksa dk Lej.k
ml çeq[k ohj egkRek jke dh 'kiFk [kkdj dgrk gw¡ fd rqEgkjh dkeuk iw.kZ gksxhA djkrh gSA mlus Hkjr ds fy, vfHk"ksd vkSj jke dkS pkSng o"kZ dk ouokl ek¡xkA
vr% rqEgkjs eu esa tks bPNk gS] mls crkvksAÞ cspkjs n'kjFk dks D;k irk Fkk fd os vius dqpØ ds fu"iknu ds fy, 'kSrku /keZxUz Fkksa dk Hkh mi;ksx dj ldrk gSA bl
D;k dj jgs gSa D;ksfa d mlh jke ij ladV dk igkMÛ VwVus okyk gS! mUgksua s rks lkspk L=h esa iq#"kksfpÙk fo'ks"krk;sa fo|eku FkhaA og fiNys bfrgkl dk gokyk nsrh gS vkSj
Fkk fd jke fdlh Hkh ladV ls ijs gS]a os cgqr nwj gSAa blfy, os dSd;s h ls bl çdkj ,sls egkiq#"kksa ds mnkgj.k nsrh gS] ftUgksua s dfBu okns fd, Fks vkSj mUgksua s vius
cksys Fks] ßftldks nks ?kMÛh Hkh u ns[kus ij eSa fu'p; gh thfor ugha jg ldrk] oknksa dks fuHkk;k Hkh Fkk] ftlds QyLo:i mUgsa LoxZ çkIr gqvk og vkxs dgrh gS]
mlh jke dh 'kiFk [kkdj eSa dgrk gw¡ fd tks dqN rqe dgksxh] eSa d:¡xkA vius ßeSua s Hkh vkidks /keZ dh jkg ij [kMÛk dj fn;k gS vFkkZr vkidks Hkh iq.; v£tr
rFkk vius nwljs iq=ksa dh vis{kk eS]a ftl ujJs"B jke dk oj.k djus dks m|r gw¡] djus dk volj feyk gS D;ksfa d vkidks Hkh vius opuksa dk ikyu djuk gSA ,slk
mlh dk 'kiFk [kkdj dgrk gw¡ fd rqEgkjh ckr iwjh d:¡xk]Þ os vkSjksa dks Hkh djus ls vki Hkh LoxZ esa ços'k djus ds vf/kdkjh cu ldrs gSAa Þ eq>s vk'kk gS fd
lfEefyr dj ysrs gSAa ßHkæs! esjk ;g ân; Hkh rqEgkjs opuksa dh iw£r ds fy, rRij vki 'kSC; jktk dh dFkk rks tkurs gh gSAa
gSA ,slk lkspdj rqe viuh bPNk O;Dr djds bl nq%[k ls esjk m¼kj djksA bl 'kSC;% ';sudiksrh;s Loekala if{k.ks nnkSA
ckr ij n`f"Vikr djds (jke eq>s fdrus fç; gS)a rqEgsa tks vPNk yxs] og dgksA vydZ'p{kq"kh nRok txke xfreqÙkeke~AA II.12.43
vius cy dks ns[krs gq,] rqEgsa eq> ij 'kadk ugha djuh pkfg,A eSa vius lRdeks± dh jktk 'kSC; us ckTÛk vkSj dcwrj ds >xMÛs essa dcwrj ds çk.k cpkus dh çfrKk
'kiFk [kkdj dgrk gw¡ fd rqEgkjk fç; dk;Z vo'; d:¡xkAÞ nh Fkh vkSj mUgksua s ckTÛk uked i{kh dks vius 'kjhj dk ek¡l dkV dj ns fn;kA

'kSC; dh dFkk rks lqfoKkr gSA blh çdkj jktk vydZ us vius nksuksa us=ksa dks nku Hkksyk&Hkkyk vkSj lR;fu"B gS fd dksbZ nwljh ckr dgdj çfrdwy mÙkj dHkh u
ns fn;k vkSj mÙkexfr çkIr dhA vydZ uked ,d jktk Fkk] ftldk oknk Fkk fd nsxkA ijUrq ;fn esjh voKk djds og cu u tk;s] esjs fy, rks ;gh fç; dk;Z
og fdlh Hkh ;kpd dks mldh eq¡g ek¡xh HksV nsxkA ,d ckj mlds ikl ,d vU/kk gksxkA fdUrq esjk csVk ,slk ugha djsxkA og rks ,d ,slk O;fDr gS] ftlds fy;s
O;fDr vk;k] og ,d osnksa dk ikjaxr czkã.k FkkA vU/kk cksyk] ßeSa viuh vk¡[ks lPpfj=rk gB/kehZ cu x;h gSA ;fn jke ou dks pyk x;k] rks leLr yksxksa dk
vkidks nsrk gw¡ vkSj vki viuh eq>s ns nhft;sAÞ vydZ us dgk] ßvPNh ckr] eSa f/kDdkj ik= cudj ,d vijk/kh ds :i esa e`R;q vo'; gh eq>s ;eyksd esa igqp¡ k nsxhAÞ
blds fy, opu nsrk gw¡]Þ vkSj mlus viuh vk¡[ksa fudky dj mls ns nhaA rRi'pkr~ jktk n'kjFk nwljh ;kstuk çLrqr djrs gSAa os dgrs gSa %
dSd;s h jktk dks lR; ij n`<Û jgus ds fy, çsj.kk nsdj vius ojksa dh iw£r ds fç;a psöorL;Srækeçozktua HkosrA~ A
fy;s nqjkxzg fn[kkrh gSA
ek Le es Hkjr% dk"kksRZ çsrÑR;a xrk;q"k%A II.12.92,93
lfjrka rq ifr% LoYika e;kZnka lR;efUor%A ß;fn Hkjr dks jke dk ou xeu fç; yxs vkSj og rqEgkjh bPNkuqlkj jkT;
lR;kuqjks/kkRle;s osyka Loka ukfrorZrAs A II.14.6 ysuk Lohdkj djs] rks esjh e`R;q ds ckn] og esjk vUR;sf"V laLdkj u djsAÞ
ßleqæ dks gh ns[kks] fdruk lR;fu"B gS! ,d ckj opu nsus ds i'pkr~ lR;
vc eSa ,d ç'u ij vkrk gw¡] tks ;nk&dnk fooknkLin cu tkrk gSA ijUrq
dk gh vuqlj.k djus ds dkj.k ioZ vkfn ds le; esa Hkh og viuh lhek vkSj rV
esjs fopkj ls ckr fcYdqy Li"V gSA fQj Hkh bl dkO; esa bl fo"k; esa dqN ,d
dk mYya?ku ugha djrk (ckotwn blds fd ogk¡ dksbZ TÛkhd~ÝÛhM ykbu* tSlh dksbZ
fuf'pr ckr ugha feyrhA dfo dHkh ,d ckr dgrk gS] dHkh nwljhA eSa bldks
fpjLFkk;h ugha gS)AÞ
;FkklEHko Li"V djus dk ç;kl d:¡xkA ç'u ;g gSµ n'kjFk us bu ojnkuksa dks
lR;a leuqorZLo ;fn /kesZ /k`rk efr%A Lohdkj fd;k] QyLo:i Jh jke fuokZflr gq,A mUgksua s (n'kjFk) ;g ,d vfoosd
l oj% lQyks es·Lrq ojnks áfl lÙkeAA II.14.8 iw.kZ deZ D;ksa fd;k\ bldh vis{kk fcYdqy ugha dh tk ldrh FkhA vf/kdka'k yksx
ßvkidh cqf¼ rks /keZ esa fLFkr gS] rks lR; dk vuqlj.k dhft,A esjk ek¡xk ,slk dgrs gSa vkSj ;g vke /kkj.kk Hkh gS fd n'kjFk viuh nwljh iRuh ds çfr brus
gqvk oj lQy gksuk pkfg,]Þ bl çdkj dSd;s h us jktk n'kjFk dks dBksj 'kiFkksa vkd£"kr Fks fd mUgksua s mldh lc ckrsa eku yhA dkSu lk ,slk o`¼ gS] tks nwljh
}kjk çfrc¼ dj fy;kA ckj fookg djds viuh ubZ iRuh dk xÛy q ke ugha cu tkrk\ ;g rks loZfofnr gS
n'kjFk us foyki djrs gq, n`<Û fojks/k fd;k] mUgksua s dSd;s h ls vuqu;&fou; ghA ;g rks lc tkurs gh gSa fd dSd;s h ,d vPNh L=h ugha FkhA og cgqr pkykd
dh] QVdkjk] le>k;k vkSj fou; djrs gq,] ,slk oj u ek¡xus ds fy, vuqjks/k Fkh vkSj mlus jktk dks iw.kZr;k vius o'k esa dj j[kk FkkA mlus viuh eu ekuh
fd;kA ijUrq lc fu"Qy gqvkA dSd;s h dk ân; ugha fi?kykA rc jktk n'kjFk djok;h vkSj jktk dks [Ûkcw upk;kA ;gh vke /kkj.kk gS fd dSd;s h ds lEeksgu ds
dgrs gS]a ßesjk iq= vR;Ur fu"diV vkSj ljy LoHkko okyk gSA gk;! eSa rks bl dkj.k os çfrjks/k u dj ldsA ,slh ckr ugha gS fd dSd;s h ml le; uoks<Ûk FkhA ;s
"kM~;=a dkfj.kh v/kek }kjk Q¡lk fy;k x;k gw¡A eSa ugha pkgrk fd esjk iq= ou dks oj rks mls lSd a MÛkas o"kZ iwoZ (îwjk* II.11.18) fn, x, Fks] lqj&vlqj laxkz e ds volj
tk;sAÞ ij] tc nsork Hkh i`Foh ds vf/kifr;ksa ls lgk;rk ysrs FksA fdUrq] ;fn ge
ukya f}rh;a opua iq=ks eka çfrHkkf"krqeA~ ^jkek;.k* xzUFk dh lw{e leh{kk djs]a rks irk pyrk gS fd n'kjFk us tks dSd;s h dh
l oua çoztRs ;qDrks ck<feR;so o{;frAA ckr ekuh] mldk dkj.k lEeksgu ;k vkd"kZ.k ugha Fkk D;ksfa d mudks rks fcuk fdlh
;fn es jk?koa dq;kZ}ua xPNsfr Hkkf"kr%A fgpd ds mUgksua s vyx dj fn;k Fkk] tSls gh mUgsa ;g vglkl gqvk fd dSd;s h
çfrdwya fç;a esa L;ké rq oRl% dfj";frAA ,d vuSfrd L=h FkhA mUgksua s Lo;a dks mlls çHkkfor gksus ugha fn;kA mUgsa mlls
'kq)Hkkoks·fi Hkkoa u rq KkL;fr jk?ko%A dksbZ Hk; ugha Fkk] oju~ os Lo;a gh ,sls opu ls çfrc¼ Fks] ftldh mis{kk os u dj
jk?kos fg oua çkIrs loZyksdL; f/kDÑre~AA II. 12. 85-87 ldsA D;ksfa d os lR;ozr Fks] b{okdq dqyksRiék Fks] tks dHkh Hkh viuk opu ugha
ßvius iq= jke dks ;fn eSa vLi"Vr% dg nw¡ fd rqe ou pys tkvks] rks og rksMÛrs Fks] os Q¡l x,A mUgksua s dSd;s h ds QUns ls fudyus dk ç;kl fd;k] ijUrq
rqjUr ^cgqr vPNk* dgdj esjh vkKk Lohdkj dj ysxkA esjk iq= jke bruk fudy u ldsA os Lo;a bl çdkj dgrs gSa %

;nk rq cgoks o`)k xq.koUrks cgqJr q k%AA rd u igq¡pdj chp esa gh vpsr gks tkrk gSA bl çdkj os la;ksxo'k gh viuh iRuh
ifjç{;kfUr dkdqRLFka o{;kfe fdega rnkA ds pj.k Nwus dh cnukeh ls cky&cky cp x,A
dSd¸;k fDy';ekusu iq=% çozkftrks e;kA blls irk pyrk gS fd dSd;s h us Lo;a dks nq"Vrk dh fdl lhek rd igq¡pk
;fn lR;a czohE;srÙknlR;a Hkfo";frAA II.12.65,67 fn;k FkkA
o`¼ jktk Hkyh Hkk¡fr tkurs Fks fd yksx bl fo"k; esa D;k dgsxa \s mudks
,oa çpksfnrks jktk dSd¸s ;k fuÆo'k³~d;kA
bldk iwjk&iwjk vuqeku Fkk fd lc yksx tkurs gSa fd os dSd;s h ls fdrus çHkkfor uk'kdRik'keqUeksDrqa cfyfjUæÑra ;FkkAA II.14.11
FksA blhfy, os vR;Ur f[kék FksA ßtc vusd cgqJrq xq.koku vFkok o`¼ iq#"k] tks dSd;s h us tc fu%'kad gksdj vius çk.kkas dk ifjR;kx djus dh /kedh nsdj
lc tkurs gS]a eq>ls iwNxas ]s ^jke dgk¡ gS\ jke dgk¡ gS\* eSa muls D;k dgw¡xk\ eSa jktk dks çsfjr fd;k] jktk n'kjFk ml lR;:ih cU/ku ls vius vkidks eqDr u
muls dSls dgw¡xk fd dSd;s h ds ncko nsus ij eSua s vius csVs dks ?kj ls fudky dj lds] tSls jktk cfy bUæçsfjr okeu ds ik'k ls vius dks eqDr djus esa
fn;kA ;fn eSa ;g dgrk gw¡ fd ^viuh iRuh dks opu nsdj eSa çfrc¼ gks x;k FkkA vleFkZ jgsA
vius opu ds çfr feF;koknh u gks ldus ds dkj.k gh eSua s jke dks fuokZflr
fd;k]^ lR; rks ;gh gksxkA ijUrq os yksx esjh bl ckr ij fo'okl u djsxa ]s mudks dSd;s h }kjk ckjackj çsfjr fd, tkus ij O;fFkr gq, jktk n'kjFk us bl
;g lc vlR; gh yxsxk vkSj os dgsxa ]s ;g cw<Ûk >wB cksy jgk gSA ;g esjs fy, çdkj dgk %
vR;Ur nq%[knk;h ckr gksxh vkSj eSa yksdfuUnk ls fdlh çdkj cp u ikÅ¡xkA lc /keZcU/ksu c)ks·fLe u"Vk p ee psrukA I.14.24
eq>s gh nks"k nsxa As Þ ßesjh psruk foyqIr gksrh tk jgh gS] eSa lkspus esa vleFkZ gw¡A eSa /keZ ds
cU/ku ls c¡/kk gqvk gw¡µ og Hkh vius fn, gq, opu dh iw£r ds fy,Aß bl çdkj
vr,o] mUgksua s nwljh ;qfDr dk ç;ksx djus dk ç;kl fd;k] vkSj os dSd;s h
vki ns[k ldrs gSa fd blh ckr us jktk dks bruk foo'k fd;kA
ls cksys %
u thfora es·fLr dqr% iqu% lq[ka foukRetsUkReor% dqrks jfr%A
vc ge bl ukjh dh ,d vU; fo'ks"krk ij vkrs gSµ a tks eSa igys Hkh crk
eekfgra nsfo u drZeq gZfl Li`'kkfe iknkofi rs çlhn esAA II.12.112 pqdk gw¡& fd og >wB Hkh cksyrh FkhA iwjh jkr dSd;s h vius ojksa ds fy;s nqjkxzg
ßnsfo! vius csVs jke ds fcuk esjk thou ugha jg ldrk] fQj lq[k dgk¡ djrh jghA tc jkr chr xbZ vkSj çHkkr gqvk Jh jke ds vfHk"ksd dk 'kqHkeqgrw Z vk
gksxk\ vkReK iq#"kksa dks Hkh vius iq= ls foNksg gks tkus ij pSu ugha feyrkA vr% igq¡pkA ofl"B Hkh v;ks/;kiqjh vk igq¡psA mUgksaus egkjkt ds lfpo] lqeU= dks
rqe esjk vfgr u djksA eSa ,d o;kso`¼ iq#"k gw¡] rqe esjh r#.kh iRuh gksA fQj Hkh egkjkt dks muds vkxeu dh lwpuk nsus dks Hkstk D;ksfa d muds fy, ;g vkns'k
eSa rsjs pj.k Nwrk gw¡A rqe eq> ij çlék gks tkvksA D;k brus ij Hkh esjh fourh Fkk fd mUgsa Hkhrj vkus ds fy, fdlh le; Hkh u jksdk tk;sA lqeU= jktk ds ikl
Lohdkj u djksxh\ D;k jke ds çfr viuk nqjkxzg u NksMÛkxs h\Þ tkdj [kMÛs gks x,] mUgkaus s mudh n'kk ns[kh vkSj ns[kk fd os ckr djus dh fLFkfr
esa u FksA os 'kksd vkSj tkxj.k ds dkj.k Å¡?k jgs FksA lqeU= us iwNk D;k ckr gS\
l Hkwfeikyks foyiéukFkofRl=;k x`ghrks ân;·frek=;kA
egkjkt LoLFk rks gS\a lqeU= cMÛs cqf¼eku Fks vkSj os fLFkfr dks le> x;sA tc
iikr nsO;k'pj.kkS çlkfjrkoqHkkolaLi`'; ;FkkrqjLrFkkAA II.12.113
nq%[k vkSj nhurk ds dkj.k jktk dqN Hkh cksy u lds] rc dSd;s h us bl çdkj dk
bl çdkj jktk n'kjFk e;kZnk dk mYya?ku djus ij Hkh] ml gBhyh L=h ds
mÙkj fn;kA
o'k esa iMÛdj] vukFk dh Hkk¡fr foyki dj jgs FksA n'kjFk ds ,slk dgus ij] ßeSa
rqEgkjs pj.k Nwrk gw¡]Þ dSd;s h us vius iSj vkxs c<Ûk fn,A og [Ûkcw le>krh Fkh fd lqeU= jktk jtuha jkeg"kZleqRlqd%AA
ml le; og ,d cMÛs ysunkj dh gSfl;r esa gS vkSj n'kjFk dsoy ,d dTÛknZ kj gSAa çtkxjifjJkUrks fuæk;k o'kesf;oku~A
n'kjFk dSd;s h ds pj.k Hkh Nwuk pkgrs FksA ijUrq vf/kd jksus ds dkj.k mudh vk¡[ksa rn~xPN Rofjra lwr jktiq=a ;'kfLoue~AA
Bhd dke ugha dj jgh FkhaA os iSjksa dks u ikdj] ew£Nr gksdj fxj iMÛ]s Bhd mlh jkeeku; Hkæa rs uk= dk;kZ fopkj.kkA II. 1.62-64
çdkj tSls dksbZ jksxh fdlh oLrq dks Nwuk pkgrk gS] fdUrq nqcy Z rk ds dkj.k ogk¡ ßlqeU=! egkjkt vHkh uhan esa gSAa os jkr Hkj jke ds jkT;kfHk"ksd tfur g"kZ
ds dkj.k mRdafBr gksdj tkxrs jgsA vf/kd tkxj.k ds dkj.k mUgsa bl le; uhan

vk x;h gSA vr% lwr rqe rqjUr tkvks vkSj ;'kLoh jke dks ;gk¡ cqyk ykvksA tks ;fn r}{;rs jktk 'kqHka ok ;fn ok'kqHke~A
dqN eSua s dgk gS] ml ij 'kadk djus dh dksbZ vko';drk ughaA dksbZ vU;Fkk fopkj dfj";fl rr% loZek[;kL;kfe iqujLÙoge~AA II 18.25
ugha djuk pkfg,AÞ ß;fn jktk ftl ckr dks dguk pkgrs gS]a og 'kqHk gks vFkok v'kqHk] rqe
egy esa igq¡pdj jke us ns[kk fd firk th fo"kkn esa Mwcs gq, gSAa muds us=ksa loZFkk mldk ikyu djks] rks eSa lkjh ckr rqels dgw¡xhAÞ
esa vk¡lw Hkjs gq, Fks vkSj eq[k ls dksbZ 'kCn Hkh ugha fudy jgk FkkA bl vçR;kf'kr ;fn RofHkfgra jkKk Rof; ré foiRL;rsA
n`'; dks ns[kdj Jh jke vR;Ur fo{kqC/k gks mBsA os dSd;s h dks ç.kke djds iwNus rrks·gefHk/kkL;kfe u ás"k Rof; o{;frAA II 18.26
yxs] ßfirk th LoLFk rks gS\a eq>ls vutkus esa dksbZ vijk/k rks ugha gks x;k ftlls ß;fn jktk dh dgh gqbZ ckr dks lqudj rqe mls u"V u gksus nks] ;fn rqe
firk th eq>ls #"V gks x, gS\a ckr D;k gS\ eq>s Li"V :i ls crkvksAÞ mudh çR;sd vkKk dk iw.kZ :i ls ikyu djks] rks eSa lc dqN [kqy dj crk nw¡xh]
u jktk dqfirks jke O;lua ukL; fdapuA os rqels Lo;a dqN u dg ldsaxAs Þ
fdafpUeuksxra RoL; Roö;kékfHkHkk"krsAA Jh jke rks tSlk vki lc tkurs gh gS]a mnkjrk vkSj egkurk ds ewÙkZ:i gSA
fç;a Rokefç;a oDrqa ok.kh ukL;ksiorZrAs os dgrs gS]a ßBhd gS] bl fo"k; esa vkids eu esa ,d {k.k ds fy, Hkh dksbZ lUnsg
rno';a Ro;k dk;± ;nusukJqra eeAA ugha gksuk pkfg,AÞ
,"k eáa oja nRok iqjk ekefHkiwT; pA rn~cfwz g opua nsfo jkKks ;nfHkdk³~f{kre~A
l i'pkÙkI;rs jktk ;FkkU;% çkÑrLrFkkAA dfj";s çfrtkus p jkeks f}ukZfHkHkk"krsAA II.18.30
vfrl`T; nnkuhfr oja ee fo'kka ifr%A ßnsfo! jktk dks tks ckr vHkh"V gS] og eq>s crkvksA eSa çfrKk djrk gw¡] mls
l fujFk± xrtys lsraq cfU/krqfePNfrAA II.18.20-23 vo'; iw.kZ d:¡xk] pkgs os Lo;a dgsa ;k u dgsAa jke dHkh nks çdkj dh ckr ugha
jke ds bl çdkj iwNus ij og fuyZTt dSd;s h cMÛh f<ÛVkbZ ds lkFk vius djrk] tks ,d ckj dg fn;k& dg fn;kAÞ
eryc dh ckr bl çdkj cksyh] ßjke! u rks jktk dqfir gSa vkSj u gh bUgsa dksbZ ;fn lRçfrKa Roa firja drqfZ ePNflA
d"V gqvk gSA buds eu esa dksbZ ,slh ckr gS] ftls rqEgkjs Mj ls ;s dg ugha ik jgs vkRekua p ujJs"B ee okD;fena J.kqAA II.18.34
gSAa rqe budks vR;Ur fç; gks] vr,o rqels dksbZ vfç; ckr ugha dg ik jgss gSAa ßujJs"B! u dsoy rqEgkjs firk gh] vfirq rqe Hkh esjs çfr vc ifo= çfrKk
fdUrq] bUgksua s tks çfrKk eq>ls dh gS] mldk ikyu vo'; gksuk pkfg,A og eSa ls çfrc¼ gksA ;fn rqe vius firk dks lR;oknh fl¼ djuk pkgrs gks] rks esjh
rqEgaas crkrh gw¡A bUgksua s igys rks esjk lRdkj djrs gq, eq>s nks ojnku fn, vkSj vc ckr lquksAÞ
;s lk/kkj.k vlaLÏr euq";ksa dh Hkk¡fr i'pkrki dj jgs gS]a ftudks bUgksua s lR;Hkko
vc fcuk fdlh fgpfdpkgV ds viuh nksuksa ek¡xas jke ds lEeq[k j[k nha&
ls fn;k Fkk êSa nw¡xk]* ,slh çfrKk djdsA ;s eq>s oj ns pqds gSa vkSj vc muds
ßfirk dh vkKkuqlkj rqEgsa vkt gh pkSng o"kZ ds fy, naMdkj.; ou esa ços'k djuk
fuokj.k ds fy, O;FkZ ç;Ru dj jgs gSAa ikuh QSy tkus ij mls jksdus ds fy,
pkfg, vkSj jktk esa tks rqEgkjs vfHk"ksd ds fy;s tks lkeku tqVk;k gS] ml lcds
ck¡/kus dh fujFkZd ps"Vk dj jgs gSAa Þ og ,d çfrKk }kjk jke dks Hkh çfrc¼ dj
}kjk ;gk¡ Hkjr dk vfHk"ksd fd;k tk;sAÞ
ysrh gS] tSls fd mlus vius ifr dks fd;k FkkA
,rsu Roka ujsUæks·;a dk:.;su lekIyqr%A
/keZey w fena jke fofnra p lrkefiA 'kksdlafDy"Vonuks u 'kDuksfr fujhf{krqeA~ A
rRlR;a u R;stæs ktk dqfirLRoRÑrs ;FkkAA II 18.24
,rr~dq: ujsUæL; opua j?kquUnuA
ßjke! lR; gh /keZ dk ewy gS] ;g lRiq#"kksa dk Hkh fuf'pr fl¼kUr gSA ,slk
lR;su egrk jke rkj;Lo ujkf/kie~AA II 18.39,40
u gks fd ;s egkjkt rqEgkjs dkj.k eq> ij dqfir gksdj lR; dks NksMÛ cSBAas vPNk gks
ßcl bruh lh ckr gS! ,slk djus ls rqEgkjs fo;ksx dk nq%[k lgu djuk
;k cqjk gks] rqEgsa #fpdj gks ;k v#fpdj] tSls Hkh buds lR; dk ikyu gks] oSlk
iMÛxs k] ;gh lkspdj egkjkt nq%[k esa Mwc x, gSA budk eq[k lw[k x;k gS vkSj os
rqEgsa djuk pkfg,AÞ
rqEgkjh vksj ns[kus dk lkgl Hkh ugha dj ik jgs gS]a rqels ckr djuk rks nwj dh ckr

gSA j?kquUnu jke! rqe jktk dh vkKk dk ikyu djds] buds egku lR; dh j{kk foyki djus yxhaA y{e.k Hkh muds ikl igq¡p x,] ftlls jke dk dk;Z vkSj Hkh
djds] ujs'k dks ladV ls mckj yks] ftlls mUgsa LoxZ es vius mfpr LFkku dh dfBu gks x;kA y{e.k Lo;a bl çdkj f'kdk;r djrs gSa %
çkfIr gksAÞ u jksprs eekI;srnk;sZ ;æk?koks oue~A
ge ns[krs gSa fd dSd;s h us jke dks bl çdkj cMÛh dq'kyrk ls Q¡lk;k] mUgha R;DRok jkT;fJ;a xPNsfRL=;k okD;o'kaxr%AA II.21.2
lk/kuksa ls] ftuds }kjk mudk Q¡luk fuf'pr Fkk D;ksfa d jke ,sls O;fDr Fks] tks ßcMÛh ek¡] eq>s rks ;g ckr vPNh ugha yx jgh gS fd Jh jke jkT;y{eh dk
e;kZnk ds fu;eksa dk ikyu vR;Ur ;FkkFkZrk ds lkFk djrs FksA dSd;s h ds fo"k; esa ifjR;kx djds ou tk;sAa Þ
ppkZ djrs le; eSua s igys gh crk;k Fkk fd dSd;s h dks jke ij iwjk&iwjk fo'okl ;g mUgksua s jke ds fy;s dgk Fkk] fdUrq okLro esa ;g n'kjFk ij ykxw Fkk
Fkk fd os fdlh Hkh dÛher ij vius firk ds opu iwj djsxa As dSd;s h dk jke ds çfr D;ksfa d n'kjFk dh çfrc¼rk ds QyLo:i gh jke Hkh çfrc¼ gq,A
fo'okl nqfu;k esa lcls cMÛk çek.k gS] mudh egkurk dkA dSd;s h us bl ifjfLFkfr foijhr'p o`)'p fo"k;S'p ç/kÆ"kr%A
dk iwjk ykHk mBkus esa foyEc ugha fd;kA eSua s bu ckrksa dk mYys[k blfy, fd;k uì% fdfeo u cz; w kPpks|eku% leUeFk%AA II.21.3
gS fd lc bl ckr ls lger gksa fd n'kjFk dk dSd;s h ds çLrko dk ekuus dk ßegkjkt bl le; bl L=h ds o'khHkwr gks jgs gSa D;ksafd mudh çÏfr
dkj.k mlds çfr dsoy vkd"kZ.k ugha FkkA vc os mlds çfr fo"k;klfDr ds çHkko foijhr gks pqdh gSA ,d rks os cw<Ûs gS]a nwljs fo"k;ksa ds o'khHkwr gSAa blhfy,] os ujs'k
eas ugha Fks] os mls Hkwy pqds FksA mudh foo'krk dk dkj.k dsoy ;gh Fkk fd os dSd;s h tSlh L=h dh çsj.kk ls D;k ugha dg ldrs\ D;k ugha dj ldrs\ ,slh
lR;Hkko ls fn, x;s iquhr opuksa ls çfrc¼ FksA jke dks bl çdkj Q¡lk ysus ds fLFkfr esa D;k mudh ckr ekuuk vkSj mldk ikyu djuk mfpr gksxk\ os dqN Hkh
ckn dSd;s h ,d dÛne vkSj vkxs c<Ûrh gS vkSj jke ls dgrh gS % dg ldrs gSAa D;k ge cqf¼ekuksa dks mudk vuqlj.k djuk pkfg,\Þ ;g y{e.k
;koÙoa u oua ;kr% iqjknLeknfHkRoju~A }kjk o.kZu gSA ;fn y{e.k dks ,slh HkzkfUr Fkh] rks ;g ekuk tk ldrk gS fd 'ks"k
firk rkoé rs jke LukL;rs Hkks{;rs·fi okAA II.19.16 nqfu;k Hkh bl HkzkfUr dk f'kdkj gks ldrh gSA
ßjke! ;g Hkh tku yks rqEgsa D;k djuk gSA tc rd rqe 'kh?kzrk ls bl uxj ckr blh ij gh ugha lekIr gksrhA Lo;a jke dh Hkh dqN ,slh gh /kkj.kk Fkh]
ls ou dks ugha pys tkrs] rc rd rqEgkjs firk Luku vFkok Hkkstu ugha djsxa As Þ tSlk fd os Li"V :i ls y{e.k ls dgrs gSAa v;ksè;k NksMÛus ds ckn dbZ ufn;ksa dks
'kksd esa Mwcs gq, n'kjFk] tks vHkh rd cksyus esa vleFkZ Fks] tSls gh mUgksua s ikj djds tc rhuksa Ük`xa osjiqj esa xaxkrV ij igq¡ps vkSj jkf= esa ogk¡ fuokl fd;kA
dSd;s h dh ;g ckr lquh] os ,d yEch lk¡l ysdj TÛkksj ls fpYyk dj cksys % ogk¡ fu"kknjkt xqg dks muds vkxeu d irk pykA os muds lRdkj ds fy,
f/kDd"Vfefr fu'oL; jktk 'kksdifjIyqr%A mifLFkr gq,A vxys fnu Jh jke us lqeU= dks v;ksè;kiqjh ykSV tkus dh vkKk nhA
ewÆPNrks U;irÙkfLeu~ i;±³d ~ s gseHkwf"krsAA II.19.17 rRi'pkr~ rhuksa ukoksa ij cSBk dj xaxkrV ij oRl ns'k esa os igq¡p x,A lka;dky ds
ßf/kDdkj gS! gk;! cMÛk d"V gqvkA ns[kks] ;g nq"Vk D;k dg jgh gS! fdruk le; Bgjus ds fy;s lc ,d o`{k ds uhps pys x,A vius tuin ls ckgj ;g
>wB] fdruh cdokl esjs fo"k; esa dj jgh gSAÞ mudh igyh jkf= Fkh] ftleas lqeU= muds lkFk ugha FksA ;s ?kVuk;sa bruh æqrxfr
os ew£PNr gksdj ml Lo.kZtfVr iyax ij fxj iMÛAs tSlk fd eSua s vkjEHk esa ls ?kVh Fkha fd Jh jke dks muds fo"k; esa lkspus&fopkjus dk le; gh ugha feyk
gh dgk Fkk] vki lc çekf.kr :i ls ns[k ldrs gSa fd n'kjFk us ;g lc viuk FkkA bl le; /khjs&/khjs lc foxr ?kVukvksa dk iqujoyksdu djus yxsA os mudk
opu fuHkkus ds fy, gh fd;kA og dSd;s h dk lkSUn;Z u Fkk] u gh mlds çfr lehphu ewY;kadu djrs gSAa rRi'pkr~ y{e.k ls dgrs gSa %
vkd"kZ.k dk tknw] ftlus mUgsa foo'k fd;k] fdUrq nqfu;k us bl rF; ij fo'okl /kzoq e| egkjtks nq%[ka Lofifr y{e.kA
ugha fd;kA muds ifjokj esa Hkh fdlh us ,slk fo'okl fd;kA y{e.k us rks vUr rd Ñrdkek rq dSd; s h rq"Vk HkforqegZfrAA
bl rF; ij fo'okl ugha fd;kA mUgksua s rks bl çdkj dh mfDr dk Hkh ç;ksx lk fg nsoh egkjkta dSd; s h jkT;dkj.kkr~A
fd;k] ß;g ,d nq"Vk L=h vkSj lfB;k, gq, esjs ew[kZ firkAÞ tc Jh jke us dkS'kY;k vfi u P;ko;sRçk.kku~ n`"V~ok Hkjrekxre~AA II.53.6,7
ds Hkou esa tkdj vius ouokl dk lekpkj fn;k] os vR;Ur 'kksdkrqj gksdj

ßy{e.k! vkt egkjkt fu'p; gh cMÛs nq%[k ls lks jgs gksxa As ijUrq] dSd;s h le;] egkjkt n'kjFkA ;fn bl lR; dh mis{kk djus dh psrkouh pkfg,] rks
lQy euksjFk gksus ds dkj.k cgqr lUrq"V gksxhA dgha ,slk u gks fd Hkjr ds mldk mnkgj.k rqEgkjs vkSj esjs firk th gSAa Þ
;qojkt in ls lUrq"V u gksdj og egkjkt dks çk.kksa ls Hkh fo;qDr dj ns] vius eU;s n'kjFkkUrk; ee çoztuk; pA
csVs Hkjr dks iDdk jktk cukus ds fy,AÞ dSd; s h lkSE; laçkIrk jkT;k; HkjrL; pAA II.53.14
vukFk'p fg o`)'p e;k pSo foukÑr%A ßlkSE;! eSa le>rk gw¡ fd egkjkt n'kjFk ds çk.kksa dk vUr djus] eq>s ns'k
fda dfj";fr dkekRek dSd¸s ;k o'kekxr%AA II.53.8 fudkyk nsus vkSj Hkjr dks jkT; fnykus ds fy;s gh bl dqy esa dSd;s h dk fookg
ßegkjkt dk dksbZ j{kd u gksus ds dkj.k os loZFkk vukFk gS]a os cw<Ûs gSa vkSj gqvk FkkA og bl jktHkou esa vkdj vkSj jkuh cudj jktk n'kjFk dks ekjus tk
eSa Hkh muds ikl ugha gw¡A og dkekRek dSd;s h ds o'k esa gSAa ,slh n'kk esa os cspkjs jgh gSAÞ
viuh j{kk fdl çdkj djsxa \s Þ blls irk pyrk gS fd] tSlk eSua s igys ladrs fd;k Fkk] Jh jke] tks fd
è;ku nsus ;ksX; ckr gS fd jke Hkh mUgsa ^dkekRek* dgrs gSa % uSfrdrk dh loksPZ p Å¡pkb;ksa rd mBus esa l{ke gS]a muds eu esa Hkh fdlh {k.k
bna O;luekyksD; jkK'p efrfoHkzee~A fuEu dksfV ds fopkj mB mHkj vkrs gSAa ,slk ugha gS fd os lnk ,slk gh dgrs jgsxa s
dke ,okFkZ/kekZH;ka xjh;kfufr rs efr%AA II.53.9 vFkok muds lksp esa lnk ,slh ckrsa os vo'; gh 'kh?kz jgsxa hA bu fopkjksa ij fot;
dYiuk dhft;s] Jh jke Hkh blh fu"d"kZ ij igq¡prs gSa vkSj mUgsa ^dkekRek* çkIr dj ysxa As ijUrq ;g Hkh lp gS fd muds vopsru eu esa ,sls fopkj Hkh
crkrs gSa D;ksfa d fiNys fnu ds vuqHko us muds vUrjre dks nX/k dj fn;k FkkA fo|eku Fks] tks ;nk&dnk çdV gks tkrs FksA
jke ds ;FkkFkZ :i dks tkurs gq, Hkh] n'kjFk us viuh iRuh dh çlékrk ds fy, tSlk fd nqfu;k ekurh Fkh] jke fo'okl djrs Fks] y{e.k ,d vkSj çek.k gS
mudks fuokZflr dj fn;k gSA fd n'kjFk dsoy mldh çfrKk ls çfrc¼ Fks] dke ds o'khHkwr ugha Fks vkSj vke
dks ákfo}kufi iqeku çenk;k% Ñrs R;tsrA~ yksx Hkh fdUrq] tSls gh ;g lc dqN ?kfVr gqvk] n'kjFk dSd;s h ls dgrs gSAa ßeq>s
NUnkuqoÆrua iq=a rrks ekfeo y{e.kAA II.53.10 Li'kZ u djuk] eq>s Li'kZ u djuk] eq>s rqels dksbZ okLrk ughaAÞ
ßvius Åij vk;s gq, ladV dks vkSj jktk dh efr HkzkfUr dks ns[kdj eq>s rks u i';fr jtks·I;L; ;nk jkeL; Hkwfei%A
,slk yxrk gS fd ;g dguk Bhd ugha gS fd /keZ vkSj vFkZ dke ls igys vkrs gSAa rnkrZ'p fo"k..k'p iikr /kj.khrysAA
egkjkt ds vuqlkj rks vFkZ vkSj /keZ dh vis{kk dke dk gh egRo vf/kd gSAÞ rL; nf{k.keUokxkRdkSlY;k ckgqe³~xukA
ßy{e.k! ns[kks] firk th us esjs lkFk D;k fd;kA lalkj Hkj esa lcls vf/kd okea pkL;kUoxk}kgqa dSd; s h Hkjrfç;kAA II.42.3,4
vkKkdkjh iq= eSa gw¡A mldks fQj Hkh ,d L=h ds fy, fuokZflr dj fn;kA lalkj esa mudh n`f"V jke] y{e.k vkSj lhrk dks ys tk jgs jFk ij fVdh FkhA tgk¡ rd
dkSu lk iq#"k gksxk] tks vius iq= dk ifjR;kx dj ns] og Hkh ,d L=h ds fy,\ mldh /kwy mMÛrh fn[kkbZ nsrh gS] ml ij mudh n`f"V fVdh jghA tc /kwy Hkh ugha
gekjs firk th vR;Ur cqf¼eku vkSj fo}ku gS]a fQj Hkh mUgksua s ,slk fd;kA ;g ,d fn[kkbZ nsus yxh] rc os vR;Ur vkrZ vkSj fo"kknxzLr gksdj i`Foh ij fxj iMÛAs ml
frfj;k ds Ny&diV dk uewuk gSA Hkkoh thou ds fy;s ,d xk¡B ck¡/kus ;ksX; ;fn le; mudh nks ifRu;k¡& dSd;s h vkSj dkS'kY;k mifLFkr FkhaA mudks lgkjk nsus ds
dksbZ psrkouh pkfg,] rks ;g gS fd euq"; dks /keZ vkSj vFkZ dh mis{kk ugha djuh fy;s dkS'kY;k nkfguh ck¡g ds ikl vkb± vkSj dSd;s h muds oke Hkkx esa igq¡phaA
pkfg, vkSj lkFk gh lkFk dke ij iwjk fu;U=.k j[kuk pkfg,AÞ rka u;su u laiéks /kesZ.k fou;su pA
vFkZ/kekSZ ifjR;T; ;% dkeeuqorZrAs mokp jktk dSd; s ha leh{; O;fFkrsfUæ;%AA
,oeki|rs f{kça jktk n'kjFkks ;FkkAA II.53.13 dSdfs ; ek eek³~xkfu Lçk{khLRoa nq"Vpkfj.khA
ßlp rks ;g gS] tks vFkZ vkSj /keZ dk ifjR;kx djds dsoy dke dk u fg Roka æ"VqfePNkfe u Hkk;kZ u p ckU/kohAA II.42.5,6
vuqlj.k djrk gS] og mlh çdkj 'kh?kz gh vkifÙk esa iMÛ tkrk gS] ftl çdkj bl dSd;s h dks ns[krs gh u;] fou;] vkSj /keZ ls lEiék jktk n'kjFk dh leLr
bfUæ;k¡ O;fFkr gks mBhaA os cksy mBs] ßikiiw.kZ fopkj j[kus okyh dSd;s h! rq esjs vaxksa

dk Li'kZ u dj] eSa rq>s ns[kuk Hkh ugha pkgrkA rw u esjh Hkk;kZ gS vkSj u ckU/kohA Hkh FkhA dSd;s h dks ns[krs gh mUgksua s jktk ds eLrd dks viuh xksnh esa ys fy;k] ;g
rqEgkjs esjs leLr lEcU/k lekIr gksrs gSaAÞ lkspdj fd dgha dSd;s h ,slk u djsA 'kksdkdqy dkS'kY;k dSd;s h ls rqjUr dgus yxha %
;s p RokeuqthofUr ukga rs"kka u rs eeA dkSlY;k ok"iiwÙkZ{Kh fofo/ka 'kksddÆ'krkA
dsoykFkZijka fg Roka R;Dr/kek± R;tkE;ge~AA II.42.7 mix`á f'kjks jkK% dSds;h çR;Hkk"krAA
ßtks rsjk vkJ; ysdj thou fuokZg djrs gS]a rsjs vuqpj] ifjpj] lsod o ldkek Hko dSdfs ; Hk³~{o jkT;ed.Vde~A
fgrS"kh gS] u eSa mudk dqN gw¡ vkSj u gh os esjs ifjtu gSAa rwus dsoy /ku esa vklDr R;DRok jktkuesdkxzk u`'kals nq"Vpkfjf.kAA II.66.2,3
gksdj /keZ dk R;kx fd;k gS] blfy, eSa rsjk ifjR;kx djrk gw¡AÞ ßrqe esjs Lokeh ds gksrs vius csVs dks ;qojkt&in nsuk pkgrh FkhaA ij vc
vx`º.kka ;Pp rs ikf.kefXua i;Z.k;a p ;r~A esjs Lokeh Hkh LoxZ fl/kkjsA jke eq>s NksMÛdj ou pys x,A vc ;g jkT; rqEgkjs
vuqtkukfe rRloZefLeaYyksds ij= pAA II.42.8 fy, gh gS] fcuk fdlh fo?u ;k ck/kk dsAÞ
ßrqe dgksxh] ^rqEgkjs lkFk esjk fookg gqvk gSA ;g lp gS] eSua s rsjk ikf.kxzg.k fogk; eka xrks jkeks p LoxZrks eeA
fd;k gS vkSj rsjs lkFk vfXu ifjØek Hkh dh gSA rsjs lkFk og lkjk lEcU/k bl yksd foiFks lkFkZghuso ukga thforqeRq lgsAA
vkSj ijyksd ds fy, Hkh R;kx nsrk gw¡AÞ ^vuqtkukfe* dk lkekU; vFkZ u ysdj ;gk¡ HkrkZja ra ifjR;T; dk L=h nSorekReu%A
myVs vFkZ esa bldk ç;ksx fd;k x;k gSA ßdksbZ cU/ku vc eq>s rqels vkSj ck¡/k bPNsTthforrqeU;= dSdÓ s ;kLR;Dr/keZ.k%AA
ugha ldrkA eSa rqEgsa u bl yksd es]a u gh ijyksd esa viuh ekuw¡xk] ml ijyksd esa u yqC/kks cq/;rs nks"kku~ fdaikdfeo Hk{;u~A
tgk¡ eq>s vc tkuk gSAÞ dqCtkfufeÙka dSd¸s ;k jk?kok.kka dqya gre~AA II.66.5,6
Hkjr'psRçrhr% L;kækT;a çkI;sneO;;e~A ßvc eSa bl daVdkdh.kZ ekxZ esa lkfFk;ksa ls fcNqMÛ dj] vlgk; gqb]Z thfor
;Ues l n|kfRii=Fk± eka ek ríÙkekxer~AA II.42.9* u jg ldw¡xhA ukfj /keZ dks R;kx nsus okyh dSd;s h ds vfrfjDr lalkj esa dkSu lh
ßrsjk iq= Hkjr Hkh] ;fn bl fo?u ck/kk ls jfgr jkT; dks ikdj çlék gks] rks nwljh L=h gksxh] tks vius vkjk/; nsork Lo:i ifr dk ifjR;kx djds thuk
og esjs ej.kksijkUr esjs Jk¼ es]a tks dqN fiaM vkfn nku djs] og eq>s çkIr u gksA pkgsxh\ tSls dksbZ /ku dk yksHkh nwljksa dks fo"k f[kyk nsrk gS vkSj mls vkxkeh
eSa mls xzg.k djuk ugha pkgw¡xkAÞ gR;kvkas ds nks"kksa dk /;ku gh ugha jgrk] blh çdkj bl dSd;s h us dqCtk ds dkj.k
rnuUrj egkjkt n'kjFk rqjUr dkS'kY;k ds lkFk muds Hkou esa pys x,A u j?kqo'a k dk uk'k dj fn;kAÞ
rks dSd;s h ogk¡ dHkh xbZ] vkSj u gh dSd;s h dks mUgkaus s Lo;a cqyk;kA vr,o] os fQj nwljh jkfu;ksa us Hkh ,slk gh dgkA
dSd;s h ls fQj feys fcuk gh lalkj ls lnk ds fy, fonk gks x,A ;g lc crkus dk dSd¸s ;k nq"VHkkok;k jk?kos.k fo;ksftrk%A
mís'; gS] bl rF; dh iqf"V djuk fd jktk n'kjFk us dSd;s h dks iw.kZr;k vLohdkj dFka ifr/U;k oRL;ke% lehis fo/kok o;e~AA II.66.19
dj fn;k] tSls gh mUgsa vkHkkl gqvk fd og fdruh nq"Vk Fkh] fdruh og Jh jke ds ßJh jke ls fcNqMÛdj ge lc fo/kok;sa bl nq"V fopkj okyh dSd;s h ds lehi
ln~x.q kksa ds çfr cny xbZ FkhA vr% ,slk dguk fd n'kjFk us tks dqN fd;k] og dSls jgaxas ]s ftlus vius ifr dh gR;k dh gSAÞ
dSd;s h ds çfr vkd"kZ.k ds dkj.k fd;k] ,slh ckr gS] ftldk Lo;a dfo Hkh leFkZu
ujk'p uk;Z'p lesR; l³~?k'kks foxgZek.kk HkjrL; ekrje~A
ugha djrkA
rnk uxk;k± ujnsola{k;s cHkwojq krkZ u p 'keZ ysfHkjsAA II.66.29
tc vius fç; iq= ds ouokl ls 'kksdkdqy jktk n'kjFk us dkS'kY;k vkSj
>qMa ds >qMa L=h&iq#"k ,d lkFk [kMÛs gksdj Hkjr&ekrk dSd;s h dh fuUnk
lqfe=k ds fudV vius çk.kksa dks ifjR;kx dj fn;k] vUr%iqj dh lc fo/kok gqbZ
djus yxsA ml le; lHkh v;ks/;koklh 'kksdkdqy gks jgs FksA fdlh dks Hkh 'kkfUr
rhu lkS ipkl fL=;k¡ ogk¡ vk igq¡pha vkSj foyki djus yxhaA muds lkFk dSd;s h Hkh
ugha fey jgh FkhA oLrqr% iwjs uxj us dSd;s h dh fuUnk dhA
vkbZA dkS'kY;k ,d lkekU; L=h Fkha vkSj lkekU; fL=;ksa ds leku mudh deTÛkksfj;k¡
vc ,d ç'u dks mBkuk vko';d gks tkrk gSA ouxeu ds le; jke us
* nsf[k, v-13, i`-228.
dSd;s h ls dgk Fkk] ßvkt gh egkjkt dh vkKk ls] nwr 'kh?kzxkeh ?kksMÛkas ij lokj

gksdj] Hkjr ds ekek ds ;gk¡ ls cqykus pys tk;sAa eSa vHkh pkSng o"kks± ds fy, rqjUr ds lUns'k ds dkj.k eSa dqN igys gh pyk vk;k gw¡A vPNk crkvks] egkjkt dgk¡ gS\
ou pyk tkrk gw¡AÞ jke dh ;g ckr lqudj dSd;s h cgqr çlék gqbAZ mls fo'okl gks D;k os cMÛh ekrk dkS'kY;k ds Hkou esa x;s gq, gS\a ,slk djuk rks muds fy;s dqN
x;k fd os ou dks pys tk;sxa As vr% jke dks 'kh?kz gh ou xeu dh çsj.kk nsrh gqbZ vlkekU; gSAÞ dSd;s h rks jkT; ds yksHk ls eksfgr Fkh] og ml ?kksj lekpkj dks fç;
og cksyh] ßrqe Bhd dgrs gks] Hkjr dks cqykus ds fy, 'kh?kz gh nwr Hksts tk;sxa As Þ lk le>rh gqbZ cksyhA ßcsVk! ,d fnu leLr çkf.k;ksa dh tks xfr gksrh gS] mlh
blds vfrfjDr] ;g lkspdj fd dgha os Hkwy tk;s]a lqeU= dks v;ks/;kiqjh ykSV xfr dks os Hkh çkIr gks x, gS]a os py cls gSAa Þ ekrk dh ckr lqudj Hkjr vR;Ur
tkus dh vkKk nsrs le; Hkh jke us lqeU= ls dgk Fkk] ßesjh vksj ls egkjkt dks ihfMÛr gksdj i`Foh ij fxj iMÛs vkSj ew£PNr gks x;sA tc mudh psruk ykSVh] os jke
;g fuosnu dhft;sxk fd Hkjr dks 'kh?kz gh cqyok ysa vkSj vkus ij] vius vHkh"V ds fo"k; esa iwNrs gSAa os dgrs gS]a ßjke vkfn lc HkkbZ /kU; gS]a ftUgksua s mifLFkr
;qojkt in ij mudk vfHk"ksd dj nsAa Þ ijUrq dSd;s h us ,slk ugha fd;kA dSd;s h jgdj firk th dk vUR;sf"V laLdkj fd;kAÞ rRi'pkr~ os dgrs gS]a ßvc tks esjs
ml le; losl Z okZ Fkh] blds fy, dqN dj ldrh FkhA mlus fdlh dkj.k ls] tks HkkbZ] firk vkSj cU/kq gS]a ftudk eSa ije nkl gw¡] mudks esjs vkus dh 'kh?kz lwpuk
Li"V ugha gS] Hkjr dks 'kh?kz cqykus ds fy, dksbZ ç;Ru ugha fd;kA mudks cqyokus nksA eSa muds pj.kksa esa ç.kke d:¡xkA ek¡] ;g Hkh crkvks esjs /keZK firk us vfUre
dh O;oLFkk ofl"B th }kjk dh xbZA mudh vkKkuqlkj ik¡p nwr v;ks/;k ls dSd;s le; esa D;k dgk Fkk\ D;k esjs fy;s] tks nwjLFk Fkk] dksbZ fo'ks"k lUns'k ugha NksMÛk\
ns'k ds fy;s jokuk fd, x;sA Lo;a dSd;s h us ,slk D;ksa ugha fd;k\ mlds eu esa muds vU; iq= cMÛs HkkX;'kkyh FksA esjs fy, tks mudk vfUre lUns'k gks] og eSa
D;k Fkk\ ;g ç'u fd;k tk ldrk gSA eSa Lo;a rks ugha tkurk] bldk mÙkj D;k lquuk pkgw¡xkAÞ Hkjr ds bl çdkj iwNus ij] dSd;s h us bl çdkj dgk %
fn;k tk;s] ijUrq çR;sd O;fDr] vxj pkgs] rks bldk mÙkj viuh cqf¼ ds jkesfr jktk foyiu~ gk lhrs y{e.ksfr pA
vuqlkj ns ldrk gSA ;g ,d ,slk ç'u gS] ftlls ge cp ugha ldrsA ;g ç'u l egkRek ija yksda xrks xfrerka oj%AA
lnk esjs eu esa mBrk jgk gSA beka rq if'peka okpa O;ktgkj firk roA
vc ^jkek;.k* esa ,d egRoiw.kZ ys[kka'k vkrk gS] ftlds Hkh vkUrfjd vFkZ dky/keZifjf{kIr% ik'kSfjo egkxt%AA
dh O;k[;k eSa ugha dj ik jgk gw¡A ;g gS] ,d vÚqr HksVa ] tks fd Hkjr vkSj mldh fl)kFkkZLrs ujk jkeekxra lhr;k lgA
ekrk dSd;s h ds chp Hkjr ds rqjUr v;ks/;k ykSVus ds ckn gksrh gSA Hkjr okil y{e.ka p egkckgqa æ{;fUr iqujkxre~AA II.72.36-38
vkrs gh rqjUr viuh ekrk ls feyus ds fy, x;sA mUgsa vis{kk Fkh fd muds firkth ßvfUre lUns'k] tks rqEgkjs firk egkjkt us NksMÛk] mlesa rqEgkjs fy;s dqN
Hkh ogha feysxa As mUgsa firkth fn[kkbZ ugh fn;s] dsoy ekrk dks gh ns[kk rRi'pkr~ ugha dgk]Þ mldk vk'k; ;gh FkkA mUgksua s bl çdkj dgk] ßgk jke! gk lhrs! gk
,d okrkZyki mu nksuksa ds chp gqvkA eq>s yxrk gS fd og LokHkkfod ugha FkkA D;k y{e.k!Þ bl çdkj foyki djrs gq, os ijyksd pys x,A tSls ik'kksa ls c¡/kk gqvk
dksbZ my>u Fkh ;k dksbZ vU; dkj.k Fkk] ftlus mUgas ,d nwljs ls bl çdkj egku xt foo'k gks tkrk gS] mlh çdkj dky/keZ ds o'khHkwr gq,] mudss vfUre
ckrphr djus ds fy, ck/; fd;k\ lEHkor% v/;srkvksa esa cgqr ls vf/kd opu bl çdkj Fks] Þtks yksx lhrk vkSj y{e.k ds lkFk iqu% ykSVdj vk, gq,
cqf¼eku gks]a tks bls xgjkbZ ls ns[k ldrs gks]a ;fn os bldh O;k[;k dj lds]a rks egkckgq jke dks ns[ksxa ]s os gh ÏrkFkZ gksxa As ß cl bruk gh] Hkjr dk dksbZ ftØÛ ughaA
eq>s cgqr çlékrk gksxhA çFke vfHkoknu vkSj pj.kLi'kZ ds mijkUr vius iq=] ;gh og ckr Fkh] ftldk ysiu og Hkjr ij djuk pkgrh FkhA ;g nwljh vfç;
Hkjr dks Nkrh ls yxkdj dSd;s h us mudk eLrd lw¡?kk vkSj mUgsa cSBkdj] okrkZyki ckr lqudj Hkjr vkSj Hkh fpfUrr gq,A mUgksua s iqu% ekrk ls iwNk] ßHkkbZ jke y{e.k
vkjEHk fd;k dSd;s h us] ßlc dq'kyiwod Z rks gS]a jkLrs esa rqEgsa vf/kd FkdkoV rks vkSj lhrk ds lkFk dgk¡ x, gS\a Þ bl ij dSd;s h mÙkj nsrh gS] ßjktdqekj jke
ugha gqb\Z Þ Hkjr us mÙkj fn;k] ßeq>s pys gq, vkt lkrok¡ fnu gS] eSa vHkh igq¡p jgk rkilh os'k oYdy /kkj.k djds lhrk vkSj y{e.k ds lkFk naMd ou pys x, gSAa ß
gw¡A esjs ekek] ukuk lc ldq'ky gSAa Þ ykSVrs le; gh Hkjr us ns[k fy;k Fkk fd os dSd;s h ls iwNrs gS]a ßek¡! fdl dkj.ko'k\ D;k Jh jke us fdlh czkã.k dk /ku rks
v;ks/;k esa lc dqN mYVk&iqYVk uTÛkj vk jgk FkkA uxj esa iw.kZr;k 'kksd Nk;k gqvk ugha gjk fy;k Fkk\ fdlh fu"ikih /kuh ;k nfjæ dh gR;k rks ugha dh\ mudk eu
FkkA mudk ekFkk BudkA os vk'kafdr gks x,A os viuh ekrk ls feyrs gS]a ijUrq fdlh ijkbZ L=h ij rks ugha x;k\ fdl vijk/k ds dkj.k HkS;k dks naMdkj.; ds
lh/kk ç'u ugha djrsA dSd;s h Hkh mUgsa rqjUr rF; ls voxr ugha djkrh gSA og fy;s fuokZflr dj fn;k x;k\Þ rRi'pkr~ dSd;s h us viuh djrwr dks Bhd&Bkd
b/kj&m/kj dh ckrsa djus yxrh gSA Hkjr dgrs gS]a ßjktnwrksa ds 'kh?kzkfr'kh?kz pyus crkuk vkjEHk fd;kA mlus cMÛs g"kZ ls Hkjdj dgk] ßugha! jke us ,slk dqN ugha fd;kAÞ

u jke% ijnkjka'p p{kqH;kZefi i';frA II.72.49 dqN vuqijw d 'kCnksa dk mi;ksx gqvk gksA ijUrq blds ckn dSd;s h dh ckr lquus esa
ßjke ijk;h L=h ij rks n`f"V rd ugha Mkyrs]Þ ;g Fkk dSd;s h dk çek.k&i=] ugha vkbZA ,slk çrhr gksrk gS fd ;g ns[kdj fd Hkjr us fdl :i esa mldh
tks mlus jke ds çfr fn;kA djrwrksa dks fy;k vkSj fdruh dBksjrk ls mldh fuUnk dhA ckj ckj mUgksua s ;g
rRi'pkr~ mlus lc dqN tks ?kfVr gqvk Fkk] fcYdqy lp&lp cryk fn;k] dgk] ßeSa pkgrk gw¡ fd rqEgkjk o/k dj nw¡A rqeus esjs lEiw.kZ oa'k dk fouk'k dj
ßtc eSua s lquk jke dk vfHk"ksd v;ks/;k eas gksus tk jgk gS] rc eSua s rqEgkjs fy;s fn;k]Þ bR;kfnA dSd;s h dks Hkkjh /kDdk yxk vkSj og LrfEHkr vkSj lqék lh gks x;h
vfHk"ksd vkSj jke ds fy, ouokl ds fy;s çkFkZuk dhA egkjkt us vius lR;çfrK mls le> esa ugha vk jgk Fkk fd og D;k djsA mls dHkh ,slh vk'kk u Fkh fd mlds
LoHkko ds dkj.k esjh ckr eku yh! jke y{e.k vkSj lhrk ds lkFk ou dks Hkst fn, fd;s&djk;s dke dk ifj.kke bruh 'kh?kz dVq :i /kkj.k dj ysxkA tc eUFkjk us
x,AÞ vkdj mls igyh ckj jke ds vfHk"ksd ds fo"k; esa crk;k Fkk] ;|fi mlus cqjs
rei';u~ fç;a iq=a eghikyks egk;'kk%AA
mís'; ls ;g lekpkj fn;k Fkk] fdUrq dSd;s h us bl lekpkj dk g"kZ ls Lokxr
iq='kksdifj|wu% i´pRoHkqiisfnoku~A II.72.51,52 fd;k Fkk vkSj çlék gksdj ikfjrksf"kd :i esa viuk gkj mls ns fn;k FkkA mlds eu
ßrRi'pkr vius fç; iq= Jh jke dks ns[kdj os egk;'kLoh iq= 'kksd ls esa vklkuh ls fdlh çdkj dk ifjorZu ugha vk;kA eUFkjk dks ml ij viuh
ihfMÛr gksdj ijyksdoklh gks x,]Þ og lc dqN crkdj viuh ckr bl çdkj ikS'kkfpd iVqrk dk ç;ksx djuk iMÛk] bl çdkj dh ckrsa dgdj] ßrqe dkS'kY;k dh
lekIr djrh gS % nklh cudj jg tkvksxh vkSj rqEgkjs iq= Hkjr dks jke ds b'kkjksa ij ukpuk iMÛxs kA
lEHkor% jke mUgsa fuokZflr Hkh dj nsa vFkok mudk vUr gh dj nsAa Þ ;g lc
Ro;k fRonkuha /keZK jktRoeoyEC;rke~AA
lqudj gh dSds;h ds eu esa ifjorZu vk x;kA dkS'kY;k ds çfr mldh dSlh
RoÑrs fg e;k loZfHknesoafo/ka Ñre~A II.72.52,53
Hkkouk;sa FkhaAa bldh Hkh >yd nsf[k,] ekuks {k.knhi dh nhfIr ds leku!
ß/keZK! vc rqe jktin l¡HkkyksA rqEgkjs fy, gh eSua s ;g lc dqN fd;k gS
(eSua s ;g vuSfrd ukVd [ksyk] egkjkt dks ;eyksd Hkst fn;k vkSj bu yksxksa dks l Roa /ke± ifjR;T; jkea jkT;s·fHk"ksP; pA
fuokZflr dj fn;k] dsoy rqEgsa jktk cukus ds mís'; ls)AÞ ;g dkSlY;;k fuR;a jUrqfePNfl nqer Z As A II.12.45
tc n'kjFk mldks le>kus dk ç;kl djrs gSa vkSj bl çdkj ds oj u
ek 'kksda ek p lUrkia /kS;eZ kJ; iq=dAA
ek¡xus ds fy;s vuqjks/k djrs gS]a dSd;s h mUgas viuk opu iwjk djus dk vuqjks/k
Ron/khuk fg uxjh jkT;a pSrnuk;de~A II.72.53,54*
djrh gSA og dgrh gS] ßnqcfqZ ¼ ujs'k! vki rks /keZ dks frykatfy nsdj jke dks
ßcsVk! 'kksd vkSj lUrki u djks] /kS;Z dk vkJ; yksA vc ;g uxj vkSj
jkT; nsdj dkS'kY;k ds lkFk vkeksn&çeksn djuk pkgrs gSAa vki eq>ls lUrq"V
fu"daVd jkT; dsoy rqEgkjs v/khu gSAÞ
ugha gS (mlds vuqlkj jke dk vfHk"ksd djds os /keZ dk ifjR;kx dj jgs gS)a AÞ og
rRiq= 'kh?kza fof/kuk fof/kuKSoZfl"Beq[;S% lfgrks f}tsUæS%A iqu% /kedh nsrh gS %
ladkY; jktkuenhulRoekRekuqeOq ;kZefHk"ksp;LoAA II.72.54
,dkgefi i';s;a ;|ga jkeekrje~A
ßvr,o oRl! vc fof/k&fo/kku ds Kkrk ofl"B vkfn çeq[k czkã.kksa ds
v´tfya çfrx`º.kUrha Js;ks uuq e`freZeAA II.12.46
lkFk] mnkj ân; okys egkjkt dk vUR;sf"V laLdkj djds bl i`Foh ij jkT;kfHk"ksd
ß;fn eSa ,d fnu Hkh dkS'kY;k dks jktekrk ds :i esa vU; yksxksa ls gkFk
djkvksAÞ
tqMÛokrk ns[k yw¡xh] rks ml le; eSa vius fy;s ejuk gh vPNk le>w¡xh]Þ ;g Fkh
eSa Lo;a ugha tkurk fd bl okrkZyki ds fo"k; esa D;k dgk tk;s\ D;k bl dkS'kY;k ds çfr mldh Hkkouk;sAa
çlax dk :i ;gh gksxk\ ;fn vkt dksbZ ,d ukVd fy[ks] ftlesa ;g lekpkj
vc ç'u ;g gSµ bl yMÛ[kMÛk nsus okys /kDdksa ds ckn vkSj vius iq= ds
O;Dr fd;k tkuk gks] eSa ugha tkurk] bl ukVd dk vkjEHk vkSj vUr blh çdkj
n`<Û çfrokn ds i'pkr~ D;k dSd;s h esa dksbZ ifjorZu gqvk\ Lo;a ^jkek;.k* dkO; esa
fd;k tk;sxkA ;s Fks] dSd;s h ds vfUre 'kCnA dnkfpr~~ blds ckn Hkh dSd;s h }kjk
i;kZIr çek.k feyrk gS fd dSd;s h fu"Bqj LoHkko okyh] dBksj çÏfr okyh vkSj
* ikB ds ^vuk;ede~* (tks fdlh ekxZn'kZd ds fcuk gS)A blds LFkku ij xksfoUnjkt Þvuke;e~ß ik"kk.k ân; okyh L=h gksus ds ckotwn] mldks iNrkok gqvk] mlus Lo;a dks lq/kkj
(fu"daVd) viukrs gSaA cacbZ laLdj.k esa vkSj ;gk¡ Hkh ;gh ikB fy;k x;k gSA

fy;kA bl rF; dh vksj eSa vkidk /;ku vkd£"kr djuk pkgw¡xk ekuks ,d çek.k ls vyfonk Hkh u dgs ldhaA fonkbZ dh ?kMÛh esa muds xys #¡/k x,] u gh jke mUgsa
ds :i ea]s fd ;g Fkk] Jh jke ds uSfrd pfj= dk çHkkoA dkQÛh le; muds lkFk fonkbZ ns ldsA os lc ekrkvksa dks ç.kke djrs gq,] muds pj.k Li'kZ dj dqVh esa
jgus ds dkj.k vkSj mUgsa tku ysus ds ckn] muls Lusg] vknj] lEeku dk vuqHko vUnj pys x,A Vhdkdkj cgqopu ^loZekr`%^ dh vksj /;ku fnykrk gS] ftlds
djus ds i'pkr~] dSd;s h tSlh L=h dks Hkh v/keZ ds ekxZ ij pyuk vlEHko gks vUrxZr dSd;s h Hkh lfEefyr FkhA ;q¼ dkaM esa Hkh ,d vR;Ur lkjx£Hkr 'kCn dk
x;kA bldk irk dSls pyrk gS\ blds fy, nks&rhu ladrs miyC/k gSAa dfo rks ç;ksx gqvk gSA iêkfHk"ksd dh vU; lc vkSipkfjdrk lEiék gksus okyh FkhA Hkjr us
viuh vksj ls Li"V :i ls dqN ugha dgrk] fdUrq vki Lo;a gh bl rF; dk Jh jke ds ikl vkdj fuosnu fd;k] ßvki viuk jkT; okil xzg.k dhft;s] ftls
fu"d"kZ fudky ldrs gSa vkSj og Hkh iw.kZ fo'okl ds lkFkA tc Hkjr vius efU=;ksa vkius eq>s /kjksgj ds :i esa fn;k FkkAÞ mUgksaus lc yksxksa dh mifLFkfr esa
ds ny lfgr jke dks okil cqykus x,] muds lkFk egy dh lc fL=;k¡ Hkh xbZ vkSipkfjd :i ls lEekuiwod Z Jh jke ls çkFkZuk dh %
FkhaA ;fn dSd;s h pkgrh vkSj Jh jke dks okil ykus eas mldh #fp u gksrh] rks og f'kjL;´tfyek/kk; dSds¸;kuUno/kZu%A
?kj ij jg ldrh FkhA vo'; gh dksbZ u dksbZ mldh ns[kHkky dj ysrk] fdUrq cHkk"ks Hkjrks T;s"Ba jkea lR;ijkØee~AA
mlus ,slk ugha fd;kA og lcds lkFk ml eaMyh esa lfEefyr gqb]Z dsoy fn[kkos iwftrk ekfedk ekrk nÙka jkT;fena eeA
ek= ds fy, ughaA rínkfe iqujLrqH;a ;Fkk Roennk eeAA II.131.1,2*
dSds;h p lqfe=k p dkSlY;k p ;'kfLouhA rRi'pkr~ dSd;s h uUnu Hkjr us eLrd ij vatfy ck¡/kdj vius cMÛs HkkbZ
jkeku;ulaâ"Vk ;;q;kZuu s HkkLorkAA II.83.6 lR;ijkØeh Jh jke ls dgk] ßvkius esjh ekrk dk lEeku fd;k vkSj ;g jkT; eq>s
dSd;s h] lqfe=k vkSj ;'kfLouh dkS'kY;k nsoh Hkh jke dks ykSVkus ds fy, ml ns fn;kA tSls vkius eq>s fn;k] mlh çdkj eSa vc vkidks okil ns jgk gw¡AÞ
;k=k ls iqyfdr gksdj ,d gh pednkj jFk ij lokj gqbA± ;gk¡ rhuksa jkfu;ksa dk ^dSd¸s ;kuUno/kZu* fo'ks"k uke dk ç;ksx dfo us ;gk¡ fd;k gSA lkekU;r% bl
mYys[k fd;k x;k gSA blhfy, cgqopu] ftlesa lHkh vk tkrs gS]a dk ç;ksx fd;k 'kCn dk ç;ksx dfo Hkjr ds fy, ugha djrkA mlus dsoy ,d ckj iwoZ Hkh bl 'kCn
x;k gSA vr% og Hkh ^jkek;.k&laâ"Vk^ Fkh vFkkZr~ og Hkh bl ckr ls çlék Fkh fd dk ç;ks x fd;k Fkk] tS l k fd eS a 'kh?kz gh crkÅ¡ x kA Jh jke dks cgq / kk
jke dks okil yk;k tk;sA blh laHkkouk ls iqyfdr Fkh] rkRi;Z ;gh gSA Vhdkdkj ^dkS'kY;kuUno/kZu* vkSj y{e.k dks ^lqfe=kuUno/kZu* dgk x;k gSA ijUrq Hkjr
,dopu ^;kusu* dh vksj /;ku fnykrs gSa D;ksfa d os rhuksa jkfu;k¡ Fkh] çR;sd ,d dks fcnys gh ^dSd¸;kuUno/kZu^ dgk x;k gSA bl LFkku ij dfo us çR;{kr% bl
vyx jFk dk ç;ksx dj ldrh Fkh] fdUrq os lc ,d gh jFk esa lkFk xb±] ftlls 'kCn dk ç;ksx ;g fn[kykus ds fy;s fd;k fd tks Hkjr us fd;k] og dSd;s h dks
,d&nwljs dks lkURouk ns ldsAa vr,o] fu"d"kZ ;g gS fd dSd;s h us vU; nksuksa vPNk yxk] mls g"kZ gqvkA os vius cMÛs HkkbZ ls dgrs] ßvki tc ouokl ds fy,
jkfu;ksa dk lkFk fn;k vkSj Jh jke ds çfr Lusgiw.kZ opu dgs vkSj mus ykSVkus dh x,] vkius ,slk esjh ekrk ds vkns'k dk ikyu djus ds fy;s fd;k FkkA pkSng o"kZ
dkeuk O;Dr dhA vr% ,slk fo'okl gksrk gS fd mlesa lq/kkj çfØ;k dk vkjEHk gks iwoZ esjh ekrk bPNk dk lEeku djrs gq,] ;g jkT; esjs fy;s nsdj ou dk pys x;s
pqdk FkkA FksA tSlk fd eSua s vkidks crk fn;k Fkk] bl jkT; dks eSua s dsoy /kjksgj ds :i esa
blds vfrfjDr nsf[k, Jh jke ls lEcfU/kr ;g 'yksd] tks eSa igys Hkh ns fy;k Fkk vkSj bls vkid fy;s gh j[ks j[kk gSA eSua s ç'kklu Hkh vkidh vksj ls
pqdk gw¡A* vkidh pj.k&iknqdkvksa dh lgk;rk ls pyk;k gSA lc ckrksa dh lwpuk mUgsa nsrk
ra ekrjks ck"ix`ghrd.Bîks nq%[ksu ukeU=f;rqa fg 'ksd%q A ogk¡ gw¡ vkSj mUgha dk vkns'k ysdj lc dk;Z djrk jgk gw¡A ;g vkidh /kjksgj mlh
l Roso ekr`jfHkok| lokZ :nu~ dqVha Loka çfoos'k jke%AA II.112.31 çdkj vc vkidks ykSVk jgk gw¡AÞ
fp=dwV esa Jh jke vkSj Hkjr dh ckrphr ds vUr esa tc lc dqN lekIr tSlk eSua s Åij dgk Fkk] eSa crkÅ¡xk fd 'kCn ^dSd¸;kuUno/kZu^ dk ç;ksx
çk;% gks x;k] Jh jke firk dh vkKk ikyu djus esa n`<Û ladYi jgsA tc Jh jke Hkjr d fy;s vkSj dgk gqvk gSA v;ks/;k dkaM esa tc 'kksdkdqy v;ks/;koklh muds
Hkjr dks le>kdj vkSj viuh pj.k&iknqdk nsdj fp=dwV ls lcdks fonk djrs ihNs&ihNs vk jgs Fks] jke us eqMÛdj dgk] ßvki yksx D;ksa esjs ihNs&ihNs vk jgs gS\a
gS]a ml le; lHkh ekrkvksa dk xyk vk¡lv q ksa ls #¡/k x;k FkkA os 'kksd ds dkj.k jke
* nsf[k, v-30.

vc Hkjr rqEgkjs jktk gSAa mu ij Hkjkslk j[ks]a os vkids mlh çdkj fgrS"kh gS]a tSls ßçk;% euq"; tkfr esa oa'kkxqr xq.k firkvksa ls ugha ekrkvksa ls çkIr gksrs gSAa
esjs firk th FksAÞ fdUrq] gekjs HkkbZ Hkjr bldk viokn gS]a D;ksfa d os firk ds Åij x, gSa ekrk ds
l fg dY;k.kpfj=% dSds¸;kuUno/kZu%A Åij ughaAÞ
dfj";fr ;Fkko)% fç;kf.k p fgrkfu pAA II.45.7* bl yksdksfDr dks Hkjr us vius vkpj.k ls feF;k çekf.kr dj fcYdqy
ßHkjr dk pfj= cMÛk gh lqUnj vkSj lcdk dY;k.k djus okyk gSA dSd;s h ds mYVk fn;k gSAa blls ,slk çrhr gksrk gS fd dnkfpr~~ ns'k ds ,d Hkkx esa ,d
vkuUno/kZu vki yksxksa dk ;Fkkozr fgr djsxa As Þ dgkor çpfyr Fkh vkSj nwljs Hkkx esa nwljh vFkok ;g Hkh gks ldrk gS fd yksx
vius HkkbZ dh ç'kalk djds jke bl 'kCn dk ç;ksx dnkfpr~~ bl vk'k; ls ,d gh dgkor dks ,d çdkj dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa ,d <ax vkSj nwljs çdkj dh
djrs gSa fd Hkjr us ml jkT; dks viuh ekrk }kjk jktegy "kM~;=a ds QyLo:i ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa vko';drkuqlkj nwljs <ax ls ç;ksx djrs gSAa
fy;k gSA dSd;s h ds lEcU/k esa vc eq>s dqN vf/kd ugha dguk gSA vxys v/;k; esa
vc dsoy ,d ckr eSa vkSj dguk pkgrk gw¡A eSua s igys lqeU= }kjk dSd;s h eSa dkS'kY;k vkSj lqfe=k nksuksa ds pfj= dk fp=.k d:¡xk D;ksafd lqfe=k vkSj
dh ekrk dk o.kZu dk mYys[k fd;k FkkA dfo lxZ dk vUr bl çdkj djrk gS % dSd;s h dh tksMÛh ls] bu nksuksa dh tksMÛh vf/kd mi;qDr yxrh gSA dkS'kY;k ds
fo"k; esa vf/kd le; ugha yxÅ¡xk] ;|fi v;ks/;k dkaM esa mudk o.kZu lqfe=k ls
uSo lk {kqH;rs nsoh u p Le ifjnw;rsA
vf/kd LFkku ysrk gSA dkS'kY;k ds pfj= esa vkidks oSls fof'k"V fcUnq ugha feysxa ]s
u pkL;k eq[ko.kZL; y{;rs fofØ;k rnkAA II.35.35
tSls fd lqfe=k ds pfj= esAa lqfe=k ,d iw.kZ fodflr ik=k gS] ftldh vksj /;ku
nsoh dSd;s h ds eu esa u rks {kksHk gqvk] u gh nq%[kA ml le; mlds psgjs ij
vkdf"kZr gq, fcuk ugha jg ldrkA ijUrq dkS'kY;k ,d /keZijk;.kk lkekU; efgyk
Hkh dksbZ vUrj ugha vk;kA lqeU= ds le>kus vkSj QVdkjus ds ckotwn Hkh dSd;s h
Fkha] vius gh <ax dh cgqr vPNh ukjh Fkh] fdUrq ekuoh; eukso`fÙk okyh ,d ukjh]
viuh gV ls Vl ls el u gqbAZ blls igys lqeU= us ;g Hkh dgk Fkk] ßvkt eq>s
ftlesa fo|eku Fks gekjh ekrkvksa vkSj cguksa ds lc xq.k&voxq.kA mudh fo'ks"k
;g çfl¼ yksdksfDr fcYdqy lp ekywe yxrh gS fd îq= firk ds leku vkSj
egkurk bl ckr esa gS fd os jke dh tuuh FkhaA os lqfe=k ls bl ,d ckr esa fHkék
iq=h ek¡ ds leku gksrs gSAa ^ rqeus vius thou esa bls pfjrkFkZ dj fn;k gSAÞ
gSaA lqfe=k ;|fi lcls NksVh iRuh Fkha] mudk dkS'kY;k ij vf/kd Lusg Fkk]
fdruk lqUnj ç'kalkRed okD; Fkk! eSa vj.; dkaM ds ,d va'k dh vksj
dkS'kY;k ls furkUr fHkék çÏfr dh FkhaA mudh futh ;ksX;rk vf/kd Å¡ph gSAa çrhr
/;ku fnykuk pkgrk gw¡] tgk¡ ij y{e.k }kjk bl çdkj dh çpfyr ekU;rk dk
gksrk gS vU; jkfu;ksa dh vis{kk os v/;kfRed n`f"V ls vf/kd fodflr FkhA tSlk fd
ladrs fn;k x;k gSA tc y{e.k vius HkkbZ Hkjr ds fo"k; esa jke ls ckr djrs gSAa
eSua s igys Hkh dgk Fkk] jke ds ifjik'oZ esa os dsoy ,d ,slh efgyk gS]a tks Jh jke
çlax ;g gSA Jh jke dks iapoVh vkJe esa jgrs gq, 'kjn ½rq chr x;h vkSj gseUr
ds pfj= dks le>rh Fkha vkSj mlds egRo dks Å¡ps ls Å¡ps Loj esa ljkg ldrh
dk vkjEHk gqvkA ,d fnu jke xksnkojh unh rV ij Luku ds fy, x,] lhrk vkSj FkhA loZlk/kkj.k yksx rks ;gh ekurs Fks fd Jh jke jkT; R;kx djus esa Hkkjh xÛyrh
y{e.k Hkh muds ihNs&ihNs pysA y{e.k gseUr ½rq dh ç'kalk djrs pyrs gSAa dj jgs gSa vkSj ,d vO;ogkfjd nqfu;k esa jg jgs gSA vdsyh lqfe=k gh ,slh efgyk
lglk mUgsa Hkjr dk /;ku vk tkrk gS] tks v;ks/;k esa ,d riLoh thou O;rhr Fkha] ftUgksua s Jh jke ds pfj= dks Bhd&Bhd le>k vkSj mls ljkgkA vkxs tc eSa
dj jgs gSAa os jke ls dgrs gS]a fu'p; gh Hkjr us LoxZyksd ij fot; çkIr dj yh mudk Hkk"k.k vkSj mudh mfDr;k¡ nw¡xk] rc vki ns[ksxa s fd bl dkO; dh dqN
gS] D;ksfa d os Hkh riL;k esa fLFkr gksdj vkids ouoklh thou dk vuqlj.k dj jgs loZJ"s B mfDr;k¡ vkSj mPpre euksHkko lqfe=k ds ek/;e ls O;Dr gq, gSAa
gSAa os dgrs gSa %
u fi«;euqorZUrs ekr`da f}ink bfrA
[;krks yksdçoknks·;s HkjrsukU;Fkk Ñr%AA III.16.34
* nsf[k, v-13, i`-220.


;fn Roa ;kL;fl oua R;DRok eka 'kksdykylke~A
vga çk;fegkfl";s u fg 'k{;kfe thforqe~AA II 21.27
ß;fn rqe eq>s lkFk ugha ys tkrs gks] rks ;gha Bgj dj esjh j{kk djksA eSa ;gk¡
muÙkhlok¡ v/;k; ij fcYdqy lqjf{kr ughaA eq>s bl ckr dh dksbZ fpUrk ugha fd rqEgsa jktflagklu
dkS'kY;k vkSj lqfe=k ugha feyrk] ij Bgjks ;gha] pkgs fHk[kkjh cudjA ;fn rqe eq>s lkFk ugha ys tkvksxs
vFkok ;gk¡ ugha #dksx]s rks ,slh fLFkfr esa esjs fy;s dsoy ,d gh fodYi jg tk;sxk
fd eSa çk;ksiokl djds vius vki dks lekIr dj nw¡A thfor jguk esjs fy;s
vlEHko gksxkA gekjs 'kkL=ksa ds vuqlkj ekrk dk ntkZ firk ds leku gh gksrk gS]
ge igys gh ns[k pqds gSa fd tc Jh jke us vius fuokZlu vkns'k dh lwpuk cfYd FkksMÛk lk mlls Hkh Å¡pkA cgqr lh ckrksa esa mldks vxzrk dk vf/kdkj gksrk
viuh ekrk dks nh] os ekfeZd nq%[kkos'k ls QwV iMÛhAa ml le; os v;ks/;k ds gSA tSls rqe Lo;a dks firk dh vkKk dk ikyu djus ds fy, ck/; ekurs gks] mlh
jktegy esa chrs vius vrhr dk iqujh{k.k djus yxhA vius nq%[kksa dks jksrs gq,] os çdkj rqe esjh vkKk dk ikyu djus ds fy;s Hkh ck/; gksA eSa rqEgsa ou tkus dh
dgrh gSa fd tc ls dSd;s h vk;h gS] muds eu dh 'kkfUr fNu xbZ gS vkSj iVjkuh vuqefr ugha nsrh gw¡A eSa çLFkku ds fy;s euk djrh gw¡AÞ bl çdkj ekrk ds vkxzg
gksus ds ukrs] tks mUgsa vknj&lRdkj feyrk Fkk] og Hkh tkrk jgkA viuh Hkkouk,¡ ds ncko ls foo'k fd, tkus ij Jh jke fdadÙkZO;foew<Û gks x,A le> ugha ik jgs
vfHkO;Dr djrs gq,] mUgksaus vius iq= ls mUgsa Hkh ou dks lkFk ys pyus dk Fks] D;k djuk pkfg;sA os dsoy bruk gh dg lds %
vuqjks/k fd;k] D;ksfa d iq= ds fcuk mudk thuk vR;Ur nwHkj gks tk;sxkA dkS'kY;k vuqeU;Lo eka nsfo xfe";Urferks oue~A
dh O;Fkk dks ns[kdj y{e.k Hkh] tks ikl [kMÛs Fks] Loa; O;fFkr gks mBsA ijUrq iq#"k 'kkfirkfl ee çk.kS% dq: LoR;;ukfu esAA II.21.46
LoHkko ds dkj.k mudh O;Fkk Øks/k esa ifj.kr gks xbZ] ftldh vfHkO;fDr vius ßnsfo! eSa ;gk¡ ls ou dks tkÅ¡xkA rqe eq>s vkKk nks vkSj esjs fy;s LofLr
firk vkSj viuh lkSry s h ekrk dSd;s h ds çfr jks"k esa QwV fudyhA mUgksua s cy ç;ksx opu djkvksA ;g ckr eSa vius çk.kksa dh 'kiFk fnykdj dgrk gw¡AÞ ijUrq dkS'kY;k
dh /kedh Hkh nhA os vius HkkbZ ls dgrs gS]a ßvkidh lgk;rk ds fcuk eSa vdsyk gh fQj HkhVl ls el u gqb]Z os vc Hkh mUgsa jksdrh gSA
bu yksxksa ls fucV yw¡xkA eSa bl cw<Ûs dks lcd fl[kk nw¡xkA tc rd esjs ikl ;s ;FkSo rs iq= firk rFkkga xq:% Lo/kes.Z k lqâÙk;k pA
vL=&'kL= gS]a vkidks viuk ;Fkksfpr vf/kdkj feyuk gh pkfg;sA eSa vkidks og u Rokuqtkukfe u eka fogk; lqn%q f[krkegZfl xUrqeos e~AA II.21.52
lc fQj okil ykSVok ldrk gw¡] tks bl le; vkids gkFk ls fudy pqdk gSAÞ ßcsVk! /keZ vkSj lkSgknZ ds ukrs tSls firk rqEgkjs fy, vknj.kh; xq#tu gS]a
mUgksua s bl ckr dks ysdj bruk rwy fn;k fd 'kksdeXu dkS'kY;k Hkh vius eu esa oSls gh eSa Hkh gw¡A eSa rqEgsa ou tkus dh vkKk ugha nsrh] u gh eq> nq%f[k;k dks NksMÛdj
fpfUrr gks xbZA os fcYdqy ugha pkgrh Fkh fd jktxíh ds fy, dqVEq c ;q¼ rd rqEgsa dgha tkuk pkfg;sAÞ
ckr igq¡p tk,] ftlesa muds ifr vkSj muds iq= vkil esa foi{kh cu tk,¡A fdUrq Jh jke firk dh vkKk ds ikyu dks gh /keZ crkdj ekrk vkSj y{e.k dks
D;ksfd vkØks'k çnZ'ku esa y{e.k dk vfHkçk; ,d fgrS"kh dk lk Fkk] os y{e.k ds le>kus dk ç;kl djrs gS]a ijUrq y{e.k dk jks"k 'kkUr ugha gksrkA nksuksa Hkkb;ksa ds
vfHkçk; dk tÛkjs }kjk fojks/k Hkh ugha djuk pkgrh FkhA vr,o os 'kkUr LoHkko ls chp okd~dyg vkjEHk gks tkrk gSA jke y{e.k dks le>krs gq, vius ouokl esa
cksyha % nSo dks gh dkj.k crkrs gSAa os dgrs gS]a ßesjs bl çokl esa rFkk firk }kjk fn, gq,
HkzkrqLrs onr% iq= y{e.kL; Jqr Ro;kA jkT; dks gkFk ls fudy tkus ds fy, HkkX; dks dkSu Vky ldrk gS\ nSo gh bldk
;n=kuUrja dk;± dqj"o ;fn ;ksprsAA II 21.21 dkj.k gks ldrk gSA nSo dk eqdÛkcyk dkSu dj ldrk gS\ nsorkvksa esa Hkh dksbZ ,slk
ßiq=! rqeus vius HkkbZ y{e.k dh dgh gqbZ ckrsa lqu yhaA rqe tSlk Bhd ugha gS] tks nSo fo/kku dks feVk ldsA ;g nSo dk gh fo/kku gS fd esjk jkT;fHk"ksd
le>ks] ogh djksAÞ mUgksuas vfUre fu.kZ; jke ij gh NksMÛ fn;k] ;g ladrs nsrs gq, u gks vkSj eSa fuokZflr fd;k tkÅ¡A vr% ;g fu'p; gh mldh çsj.kk ls eq> esa vkSj
fd muds dksey ân; esa fdlh Hkh çdkj dk cy ç;ksx Lohdk;Z ugha FkkA fQj os dSd;s h esa ;g Hkkjh myV&Qsj gqvkA fdlh dks Hkh mldh voKk djus dk lkgl
cksyha %
484

ughaA nSo dh ;g bPNk iwjh gksuh gh pkfg;sAß y{e.k iqu% ,d ckj mykguk nsrs gS]a fopkj vk;k] ß;|fi esjk iq= eq>s f'k{kk ns jgk gS] rFkkfi mlds }kjk dgh tkus
ßdSlk nSo\ fdldk nSo\ ohjksa ds fy;s dksbZ nSo ugha gksrkA vki vkSj eSa fdlh nSo okyh ckr xzg.k djus ;ksX; gSAÞ mudh çÏfr ,slh Fkh fd mUgsa mfprkuqfpr dk
ls Mjus okys ugha gSA tks dk;j gS vkSj ftlesa ijkØe dk uke ugha gS] ogh nSo dk cks/k djkuk dfBu ugha FkkA
vkJ; ysrk gSA 'kfDr'kkyh iq#"k nSo dh mikluk ugha djrsA os viuk HkkX; Lo;a ,oeqDrk rq dkSlY;k jkes.k 'kqHkn'kZukA
cukrs gSAa viuk HkkX; rks ge Lo;a gh fuekZ.k djrs gSAa vr% eSa rks yMÛÛ¡wxk] vkt rFksR;qokp lqçhrk jkeefDy"Vdkfj.ke~AA II.24.14
lalkj ds yksx ns[ksxa s fd nSo'kfDr fdruh çcy gS ;k iq#"kkFkZ fdruk cyoku gSA Jh jke ds ,slk dgus ij nsoh dkS'kY;k us vR;Ur çlék gksdj vuk;kl gh
y{e.k Jh jke ds vfHk"ksd fufeÙk fojksf/k;ksa dk lkeuk djus ds fy;s m|r gks tkrs Jh jke ls dgk] ßvPNk csVk! rqe Bhd dgrs gksA eSa ,slk gh d:¡xhA eSa ;gh Bg:¡xhAÞ
gSAa Þ foyki djrh gqbZ dkS'kY;k iqu% jke ls mUgsa Hkh lkFk ys tkus ds fy;s vkxzg jke dsoy bruk gh dgdj lUrq"V ugha gq,A os mudh LohÏfr dks iq"V
djrh gSA djus ds fy, dqN vkSj vkxs c<ÛAs muds ,slk djus ij dkS'kY;k esa dqN çfrfØ;k
dFka /ksu%q Loda oRla xPNUra ukuqxPNfrA gksrh gS] os fQj iqjkuh ckr ij ykSV vkrh gSAa muds eq[k ij vklq¡vksa dh /kkj cg
vga Rokuqxfe";kfe iq= ;= xfe";flAA II.24.9 pyhA os vR;Ur vkrZ gksdj vius fç; iq= ls cksyha %
ßoRl! /ksuq vkxs tkrs g, vius cNMÛs ds ihNs dSls pyrh gSA mlh çdkj eSa
vklka jke liRuhuka oLrqa e/;s u es {kee~A
Hkh rqe tgk¡ Hkh tkvksx]s rqEgkjs ihNs&ihNs pyw¡xhA eq>s vius ihNs ikvksxAs Þ
u; ekefi dkdqRLFk oua oU;ka e`xha ;FkkAA
eSua s tSlk igys Hkh crk;k Fkk] Jh jke dk /keZ ds çfr çxk<Û fu"Bk FkhA vr% ;fn rs xeus cqf)% Ñrk firqjis{k;kAA II.24.19,20
tc mUgksua s ns[kk fd ladV vkSj ijh{kk ?kMÛh esa muds vkl ikl ds lc yksx ßcsVk! vc eq>ls bu lkSrksa ds chp ugha jgk tk;sxkA os frjLdkj dh Hkkouk
dÙkZO;iFk ls fcnd jgs gS]a os /keZ ds Lo:i dk mPp Lrj ij çfriknu djus ds ls çsfjr gksdj eq> ij m¡xyh mBk;k djsxa hA ;fn firk dh vkKk ikyu djus ds
fy, m|r gks tkrs gSa vkSj fcuk fdlh fygktÛ ds viuh ekrk dks Hkh dÙkZO; ikyu fy;s rqeus ou tkuk fuf'pr dj gh fy;k gS] rks eq>s Hkh ouokfluh gfj.kh dh Hkkafr
dk mins'k bl çdkj nsus yxrs gSa % ou esa gh ys pyksAÞ
dSd¸s ;k of´prks jktk ef; pkj.;ekfJrsA tÛjk nsf[k,] bl O;fFkr n'kk esa mudk eu fdl çdkj dHkh b/kj] dHkh
HkoR;k p ifjR;Drks u uwua orZf;";frAA m/kj Mksyrk gSA ;g fcYdqy LokHkkfod gSA ;g lqudj jke viuk yEck /keksiZ ns'k
HkrqZ% fdy ifjR;kxks u`'kal% dsoya fL=;k%A iqu% vkjEHk dj nsrs gSAa os /keZ ds mPp fo"k; ij mins'k djus esa dHkh Fkdrs ugha
l HkoR;k u dÙkZO;ks eulkfi foxfgZr%AA FksA ;g mudk fo'ks"k vf/kdkj {ks= gS vkSj mudk fo'ks"k y{; gSA i`Foh ij /keZ
;koTthofr dkdqRLFk% firk es txrhifr%A LFkkfir djus ds mís'; ls gh os vorfjr gq, FksA pkgs ekrk gks ;k firk gks] lcds
'kqJw"kk fØ;rka rkoRl fg /keZ% lukru%AA II.24.11-13 çfr mudk ;gh ije y{; gS] bl ckr ls voxr djkuk fd fdlh dks fdl
ßek¡! dSd;s h us esjs firk egkjkt ds lkFk /kks[kk fd;k gSA og vc mudk ifjfLFkfr esa D;k djuk mfpr gS vkSj D;k vuqfprA jksrh gqbZ ekrk dks lkaRouk nsrs
/;ku fcYdqy ugha j[ksxhA b/kj eSa ou tk jgk gw¡A bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa ;fn rqe Hkh gq, os cksys %
esjs lkFk pyksxh] rks esjs o`¼ firk ladV ds le; fdl ij fuHkZj gksxa \s fu'p; gh
ozrksioklfujrk ;k ukjh ijeksÙkekAA
os thfor u jg ldsxa As ifr dk ifjR;kx ukjh ds fy, Øwjrkiw.kZ deZ gS] ftldh
HkrkZja ukuqorsr Z lk rq ikixfrHkZor s A~
lRiq#"kksa us dMÛh fuUnk dh gSA rqEgsa rks ,slh ckr eu esa Hkh ugha ykuh pkfg;sA esjs
Hkrq%Z 'kqJ"w k;k ukjh yHkrs LoxZeÙq kee~AA
firk tc rd thfor gS] rqe mUgha dh lsok djksA rqEgkjk LFkku mUgha ds lehi gSA
vfi ;k fuuZeLdkjk fuo`Ùkk nsoiwtukr~A
ifr dh lsok gh L=h dk lukru /keZ gSAÞ
'kqJw"kkeso dqohZr HkrqZ% fç;fgrs jrkAA
vius iq= }kjk bl çdkj le>k;s tkus ij dkS'kY;k us dqN cqjk ugha ekukA ,"k /keZ% iqjk n`"Vks yksds osns Jqr% Le`r%A
vfirq] mUgsa dqN&dqN viuh Hkwy dk vglkl Hkh gqvkA muds eu gh eu ;g

vfXudk;sZ"kq p lnk lqeuksfHk'p nsork%AA ßvc eSa rqEgsa jksd ugha ldrh] bl le; tkvksA lRiq#"kksa ds ekxZij fLFkr
iwT;kLrs eRÑrs nsfo czkã.kk'pSo lqor z k%A jguk] viuk dÙkZO; fuHkkuk vkSj fQj ou ls 'kh?kz gh ykSV dj vk tkukAÞ
,oa dkya çrh{kLo eekxeudk³~f{k.khAA mUgsa HkyhHkkafr ekywe gS fd Jh jke dks okil ykSVus esa pkSng o"kZ rks yxsxa s
fu;rk fu;rkgkjk Hkrq'Z kqJ"w k.ks jrkA gh] fdUrq fQj Hkh os 'kh?kz ykSVus dk vkxzg djrh gaAS eSa le>rk gw¡ mudk vk'k; gS
çkIL;ls ijea dkea ef; çR;kxrs lfrA II.24.25-30 fd vof/k ds ckn fdlh Hkh dkj.k ls foyEc ugha gksuk pkfg;sA vkxs os dgrh gSa %
ßmRÏ"V xq.k vkSj tkfr vkfn dh n`f"V ls ije mÙke rFkk ozr&miokl esa
; iky;fl /ke± Roa /k`Rok p fu;eso pA
rRij gksdj] tks ukjh ifr dh lsok ugha djrh] mls ikfi;ksa dks feyus okyh xfr
l oS jk?ko'kknwy Z /keZLRokefHkj{krqAA II.25.3
udZ dh çkfIr gksrh gSA fdlh L=h ds fy;s 'kkL=ksDr ozr&miokl vkSj vU; ;g ^jkek;.k* ds lqçfl¼ 'yksdksa esa ls ,d gSA ßrqe fu;eiwod Z çlékrk ds
ijaEijkxr vuq"Bkuksa dk ikyu djuk gh dÙkZO; ugha gSA mls vius ifr dh vkKk lkFk ftl /keZ dk ikyu djrs gks] ogh lc vksj ls rqEgkjh j{kk djaAs ou esa vusd
ij pyuk pkfg;sA ifr dh lsok vkSj mldh [Ûkfq 'k;ksa dh iwfÙkZ ek= ls L=h dks LoxZ ladVksa dk lkeuk djuk iMÛrk gSA vusd tky] vusd va/kdwi gksrs gSAa tc mudk
dh çkfIr gks tkrh gSA nwljh vksj] ;fn ,d ukjh çfrfnu efUnj ugha tkrh vFkok lkeuk gks] rks /keZ dk Lej.k djukA ftl /keZ dk ikyu bruh dÙkZO;fu"Bk ds
nsork dh iwtk&oUnuk ls Hkh nwj jgrh gS] rks dksbZ ckr ughaA og ukjh ifr dh lsok lkFk dj jgs gks] ogh /keZ rqEgkjh j{kk vo'; djsxkA rqe rks Lo;a lPpfjr gks]
ek= ls mÙke xfr LoxZyksd dks çkIr dj ysrh gS (Jh jke ;gk¡ iq#"kksa ds i{k dk ftlesa lEiw.kZ ekuoh; ln~x.q kksa dk fuokl gSA vr,o] rqEgkjs ;s ln~x.q k gj çdkj
çfriknu dj jgs gS)a AÞ dh lEHkkfor {kfr ds çfr rqEgkjk dop cusxAs rqe fu"Bkoku iq= gks vkSj vius
vr% ukjh dks pkfg;s fd og ifr ds fç; fgrlk/ku esa lnk rRij jgsA ;gh ekrk&firk dh vkKk dk iw.kZr;k ikyu djus okys gksA lkFk&lkFk rqe lR;ozr gksA
L=h dk osn vkSj yksd foJqr lukru /keZ gSA blh dk Jqfr vkSj Le`fr;ksa esa o.kZu ,d mPpdksfV ds euq"; esa vkSj D;k pkfg;s\Þ
gSA ßnsfo! rqe esjs fy;s eaxydkeuk djrs gq,] fu;fer vkgkj djds fu;eksa dk vk'khokZn nsus ds i'pkr~ dkS'kY;k us fof/kor nsorkvksa dk iwtu vkEjHk
ikyu djrh gqb]Z Lokeh dh lsok esa layXu jgks vkSj esjs vkxeu dh bPNk ls le; fd;kA rnuUrj mUgkaus s Jh jke ds fy;s eaxydkeuk djrs gq, vfXu dks ykdj]
dh çrh{kk djksA pkSng o"kZ iwjs djds eSa ldq'ky ykSV vkÅ¡xkA esjs vkxeu ij ge ,d egkRek czkã.k ds }kjk mlesa iw.kZ fof/kfo/kku ls ,d cMÛk gkse djok;kA ;g
lc iqu% ,df=r gks tk;sxa s vkSj rqEgkjh 'kqHk dkeuk iw.kZ gksxhAÞ bl çdkj fQj jke yxrk gS] dkS'kY;k mu /kekZu"q Bkuksa esa çoh.k Fkha vkSj ea=ksa dk 'kq¼ mPpkj.k Lo;a
ds le>kus ij dkS'kY;k us vius iq= }kjk vius dÙkZO; dk cks/k gks tkrk gSA os dj ldrh FkhaA iqjksfgr vkSj vU; czkã.kksa dks vPNh çdkj ls Hkkstu djk dj
dgrh gSa % mudh bPNkuqlkj nf{k.kk nsdj Jh jke dh ekrk us ,d vk'khokZn dk mPpkj.k
xeus lqÑrka cqf)a u rs 'kDuksfe iq=dAA
vkjEHk dj fn;k] tks dbZ 'yksdksa esa eq[kfjr gqvk gSA çk;% ge viuh dFkk&dgkfu;ksa
fofuorZf;rqa ohj uwua dkyks nqjR;;%A esa tSlk ns[krs gSa fd dfBu ifjfLFkfr mifLFkr gksus ij vius iq=ksa dh dq'ky&{kse
xPN iq= Roesdkxzks Hkæa rs·Lrq lnk foHkksAA II.24.32,33
ds fy;s fpfUrr ekrk mudh j{kk ds fy;s nsoh&nsorkvksa dk vkàku djrh gSA ;g
ßfu'p; gh dky dh xfr dk mYy?kau djuk vR;Ur dfBu gSA rqEgkjs ou
fLFkfr Hkh blh ds le:i gSA dkS'kY;k Hkh Jh jke ls dgrh gS] ßtSls mudh j{kk
xeu ds fuf'pr fopkj dks eSa iyV u ldhA mldk vkns'k gS fd rqe eq>s ;gha
gqb]Z Hkxoku rqEgkjh Hkh j{kk djsAÞ ^;Ueaxya-------rÙks Hkorq eaxye~* bl okD; dh
NksMÛ dj tkvksA vr,o eq>s bls ekuuk gh gksxkA lkeF;Z'kkyh iq=! vc rqe
iqujko`fÙk ;gk¡ pkj ckj gqbZ gS (II.25.32-36)A bl çdkj dh iqujko`fÙk okYehfd dh
fuf'pr gksdj ou dks tkvksA rqEgkjk lnk gh dY;k.k gksAÞ nsoh dkS'kY;k us tc
vyadkfjd fo'ks"krk gSA dkS'kY;k us bl çdkj dgk] ßo`=klqj dk uk'k djus ds
ns[kk Jh jke ouokl dk n`<Û fu'p; dj pqds gS]a rc os ân; ls mudks vk'khokZn
fufeÙk bUæ dks tks eaxye; vk'khokZn çkIr gqvk Fkk] ogh eaxy rqEgkjs fy;s Hkh gksA
nsrh gqbZ cksyha %
iwod Z ky esa fourk nsoh us LoxZyksd ls ve`r eaxokus ds fy;s vius iq= x#MÛ ds
u 'kD;ls okjf;rqa xPNsnkuha j?kwÙkeA fy;s tks eaxyÏR; fd;k Fkk] ogh rqEgsa Hkh çkIr gksA ve`r dh mRifÙk ds le; tc
'kh?kzeos fuorZLo orZLo p lrka ØesAA II.25.2 nsorkvksa vkSj nkuoksa esa lxzkea gqvk Fkk]ml le; bUæ dh ekrk] vfnfr us tks

eaxye; vk'khokZn fn;k Fkk] vkSj ftldks nsorkvksa us Lohdkj fd;k] ogh vk'khokZn jke mldks dÙkZO; dh f'k{kk nsrs gq, dHkh ugha mdrkrsA blfy, LoHkkor% vius
rqEgkjs fy;s Hkh lqyHk gksA tc vuqie rstLoh Hkxoku fo".kq us cfy dks thrus ds firk ls bl çdkj dgrs gSa %
fy;s okeu vorkj /kkj.k djds rhu ix c<Ûk dj rhuksa yksdksa dks uki fy;k Fkk] b;a /kkfeZd dkSlY;k ee ekrk ;'kfLouhA
ml le; tks muds fy;s eaxydkeuk dh xbZ Fkh] ogh eaxydkeuk rqEgsa Hkh çkIr o`)k pk{kqæ'khyk p u p Roka nso xgZrAs A
gksA ;s lc rqEgkjh j{kk djsa vkSj viuk vk'khokZn nsAa Þ dfo Li"V :i ls crkrk gS] e;k foghuka ojn çiéka 'kksdlkxje~A
rnuarj 'kksdkdqy dkS'kY;k us Åij ls çlék gksdj eU=ksa dk Li"V mPpkj.k rks vn`"ViwoOZ ;luka Hkw;% laeUrqegZflAA
fd;k] fdUrq ml le; os ok.khek= ls gh mPpkj.k dj ldha] ân; ls ughaA mudk iq='kksda ;Fkk uNsRZ o;k iwt;su iwftrkA
ân; Jh jke ls fo;ksx dh lEHkkouk ls O;fFkr FkkA fdUrq] çR;{kr% mUgksua s ,slk eka fg lf´pUr;Urh;a Rof; thoÙkifLouhAA
trk;k ekuks os çlék FkhaA vki tÛjk bl fonkbZ ds volj dks xkEHkh;Z dh dYiuk beka egsUæksie tkrxf/kZuha rFkk fo/kkrqa tuuha eekgZflA
djus dk ç;kl djsAa os vius iq= dks pkSng o"kZ ds fy;s ou tkus dh fonk ns jgh ;Fkk ouLFks ef; 'kksddf'kZrk u thfora U;L; ;e{k;a oztr s A~ A
Fkha] og Hkh Jh jke tSlS iq= dksA Jh jke ds eLrd dks dqN >qdk dj ekrk us lw?a kk II.38.15-18
vkSj mUgs ân; ls yxk dj dgk] ß;fn HkkX; us lkFk fn;k] rks vk'kk djrh gw¡] tc ß/kekZReu! esjh ekrk dkS'kY;k vc o`¼ gks pyh gSAa budk LoHkko cgqr gh
rqe iw.kZdke gksdj LoLFk&ldq'ky v;ks/;k ykSVksx]s ml le; rqEgsa jktekxZ ij mPp vkSj mnkj gSA bl nq%[kn fLFkfr dks çkIr gksdj Hkh os dHkh vkidh féknk ugh
fLFkr ns[kdj lq[kh gksÅ¡xhA firk dh dBksj vkKk ikyu djus dk tks ozr rqeus djrhaA bUgksua s igys dHkh bruk Hkkjh ladV u ns[kk gksxkA ;s esjs fcuk 'kksdlkxj esa
fy;k gS] mls iwjk djds tc rqe ;gk¡ vkdj jktflagklu laHkky dj vius egku Mwc tk;sxa hA vr% vki igys ls Hkh vf/kd budk lEeku djrs jgsAa vki tSls
iwot Z ksa ds iFk ij vxzlj gksvksx]s ml le; eSa çlékrk iwod Z rqEgkjk n'kZu d:¡xhA iwT;re ifr ds vkJ; esa ;s esjh ekrk thou /kkj.k djsa vkSj fdlh çdkj ls
vc tkvks vkSj ouokl ls ykSV dj jktksfpr eaxye; oL=kHkw"k.kksa ls lqlfTtr iq='kksd dk vuqHko u djsAa ;s fujUrj vius fcNqMÛs gq, csVs dks ns[kus ds fy;s
gksdj jkT; djksA czãkaM dh leLr 'kfDr;k¡ vfu"V ls rqEgkjh j{kk djsAa eSua s lnk mRlqd jgsxa hA dgha ,slk u gks fd esjs ou tkus ds mijkUr 'kksdkdqy gksdj vius
ftudk iwtu&oUnu fd;k gS] os leLr nsorkx.k] Hkwrx.k] nsoksie ukx ,oa lEiw.kZ çk.k R;kx nsAa vr,o] vki esjh ekrk dks lnk ,slh gh ifjfLFkfr esa j[ks]a ftlls
fn'kk,¡ esjh ;s HksVa Lohdkj djsa vkSj esjh çkFkZuk Hkh fd rqe ou es tkdj vkjke ls mDr vk'kadk dh dksbZ xqt a kb'k u jg tk;sAÞ
jgks vkSj fQj ldq'ky ykSV dj vk tkvksAÞ ,slh ekrk dk tc ge /;ku djrs gS]a jktk n'kjFk ls fonk ysdj tc lhrk dkS'kY;k ls fonk ysus xbZ] dkS'kY;k us
rks Hkko foHkksj gq, fcuk ugha jg ldrsA dfo crkrk gS fd dkS'kY;k us Jh jke dh viuh nksuksa Hkqtkvksa esa dj viuh Nkrh ls yxk fy;k vkSj muds eLrd dks lw¡?kkA
nf{k.kkoÙkZ ifjØek dhA ;g dqN vlekU; lh ckr yxrh gS] D;ksfa d NksVksa ds fy;s ml le; mUgksua s lhrk dks ifr lsok dk mins'k nsrs gq, dqN fo'ks"k egÙoiw.kZ ckrsa
'kqHkdkeuk;sa djrs le; lkekU;r% ;g e;kZfnr ugha gSA ifjØek dk mís'; Hkh dgha] ftudh vksj eSa vkidk /;ku fnykuk pkgrk gw¡A dkS'kY;k lhrk ls dgrh
lEHkor% mudh cyk;sa ysuk FkkA gS]a ßvc rqe vius ifr ds lax ou tkvksA rqe rks ,d vlk/kkj.k ukjh gks] fdruh
nsoh ekrk ds pj.kksa esa ckj ckj ç.kke djds Jh jke blls Hkh vf/kd d"Vdj fL=;k¡ ,slh gksxa h] tks bl çdkj vius ifr ds lkFk mldh foifÙk vkSj nqfnZu esa
n`'; dk lkeuk djus ds fy;s lhrk ds egy dh vksj py fn,A tSlk fd ge ns[k Hkkxh gksus ds fy;s mldk vuqlj.k djsxa h\Þ fL=;ksa dks lcls vf/kd fuUnk L=h
pqds gS]a ogk¡ mUgksua s firk dh vkKkuqlkj ou tkus dk fu'p; crkrs gq,] igys lhrk tkfr ls gh feyrh gSA iq#"k yksx muds brus dVq vkykspd ugha gksr]s ftruh
dks ?kj esa jgus ds fy;s le>k;k] ijUrq lhrk dk vf/kd vkxzg] foyki] ?kcjkgV fL=;k¡A dkS'kY;k bl çdkj dgrh gSa %
ns[kdj vUrr% Jh jke us mUgsa lkFk pyus dh vuqefr ns nhA y{e.k Hkh vkxzg
vlR;% loZyksd·s fLeu~ lrra lRÑrk% fç;S%AA
djds lkFk pyus dh vuqefr çkIr dj ysrs gSAa gekjh HksVa Jh jke ls rc gksrh gS]
HkrkZja ukuqeU;Urs fofuikrxra fL=;%A
tc os lhrk vkSj y{e.k lfgr n'kjFk ds ikl ouokl ds fy;s fonk ekaxus igq¡prs
,"k LoHkkoks ukjh.kkeuqHkw; iqjk lq[ke~AA
gSAa ml le; os vR;Ur LokHkkfod <ax ls vkSj mfpr jhfr ls viuh ekrk dh mfpr
vYikeI;kna çkI; nq";fUr çtgR;kfiA
ns[kHkky djus dh çkFkZuk djrs gSAa tSlk fd igys Hkh crk pqdk gw¡] dksbZ Hkh gks] Jh

vlR;'khyk foÑrk nqxkZ vân;k% lnkAA ,"kk fg çÑfr% L=h.kkekl`"Vs j?kquUnuA
vlR;% ikiladYik% {k.kek=fojkfx.k%A leLFkeuqjT;fUr fo"keLFka R;tfUr pAA III.13.5
u dqya u Ñra fo|k u nÙka ukfi laxzg%AA ßl`f"Vdky ls ysdj vc rd fL=;ksa dk çk;% ;gh LoHkko jgrk vk;k gSA
L=h.kka x`º.kkfr ân;efuR;ân;k fg rk%A ;fn ifr vPNh voLFkk esa gS vFkkZr~ /ku/kkU; ls lEiék] LoLFk ,oa lq[kh gS] rks os
lk/ohuka rq fLFkrkuka fg 'khys lR;s Jqrs fLFkrsAA mlesa vuqjkx j[krh gSAa ijUrq] ;fn og fo"ke voLFkk esa iMÛ tkrk gS] rks mls R;kx
L=h.kka ifo=a ijea ifrjsdks fof'k";rsA nsrh gSAÞ
l Ro;k ukoeUrO;% iq=% çozkftrks oue~AA lpeqp esa rks ,slk lkspk djrk Fkk fd vkt dh ukfj;k¡ iqjkru dky dh
ro nsoleLRos"k fu/kZu% l/kuks·fi okA II.39.20-26 ukfj;ksa ls vR;f/kd csgrj gSA os lnk gekjk lkFk nsrh gS]a pkgs ge fdruk Hkh fxj
ßcsVh! tks fL=;k¡ vius fç; ifr ds }kjk lEekfur gksdj Hkh ladV esa iMÛus tk;sA ;fn bl rdZ dks ge ,d lhek ds vkxs c<Ûk;sa] rks lEHkor% cgqr lh
ij mldk vknj ugha djrh] os fL=;k¡ lEiw.kZ txr esa ^nq"Vk^ ds uke ls iqdkjh vuisf{kr ckrsa lkeus vk ldrh gSAa ijUrq] rF; rks ;g gS fd iqjkru ukjh vkfFkZd
tkrh gSAa nq"Vk fL=;ksa dk ;g LoHkko gksrk gS fd lcls igys os ifr }kjk ;Fks"V lq[k :i ls vf/kd Lora= FkhA og Lora= :i ls dgha Hkh tk ldrh Fkh vkSj vc dh
ekaxrh gSAa ijUrq tc FkksMÛh lh Hkh foifÙk iMÛrh gS] rc ml ij nks"kkjksi.k djrh gSa vis{kk viuh ns[kHkky Hkh vf/kd vPNs <ax ls dj ldrh FkhA bl le; mldh
vkSj mudk lkFk rd Hkh NksMÛ nsrh gSAa ,d {k.k esa os vius lEiw.kZ çse dk ifjR;kx Lora=rk lhfer gSA og f'k"Vkpkj vkSj e;kZnk ds dBksj fu;eksa ls tdMÛh gqbZ gS]
dj nsrh gSAa tks >wB cksyus okyh] foÏr ps"Vk djus okyh] nq"V iq#"kksa dk lalxZ ftuds mYya?ku dk ifj.kke Hkkjh naM vkSj ykaNu gksrk gSA QyLo:i fuLlUnsg
j[kus okyh] ifr ds çfr lnk ân;ghurk dk ifjp; nsus okyh] dqyVk] iki dk gekjh vk/kqfud efgyk dks jksd&Vksd dk lkeuk djuk iMÛrk gS] ;fn og iqjkru
bjknk j[kus okyh] vkSj NksVh lh ckr ds fy;s Hkh {k.kek= esa ifr dh vksj ls fojDr dky dh efgyk dh mi;ksx djsA
gksus okyh] ,slh fL=;k¡ lHkh nq"Vk dgh tk;sxa hA mÙke dqy] fd;k gqvk midkj] 'krânkuka yksyRoa 'kL=k.kka rh{.krka rFkkA
fo|k] vkHkw"k.k vkfn dk nku vkSj laxgz ;g lc ifr }kjk djs tkus ij Hkh fL=;ksa x:Mkfuy;ks% 'kS?kzÓeuqxPNfUr ;ksf"kr%AA III.13.6
ds ân; dks ugha o'k esa dj ikrk D;ksfa d mudk fpÙk vO;fLFkr gksrk gSA blds ßfL=;k¡ bu oLrqvksa dk vuqlj.k djrh gSa % fo|qr dh piyrk] 'kkL=ksa dh
foijhr tks lR;] lnkpkj] 'kkL=ksa dh vkKk vkSj dqyksfpr e;kZnk esa jgrh gS]a mu rh{.krk rFkk x#MÛ ,oa ok;q dh rhoz xfrA fo|qr ds leku mudh euksn'kk Hkh
lk/oh fL=;ksa ds fy;s ,d ek= ifr gh ije ifo= ,oa loZJ"s B nsork gksrk gSA os dsoy {k.kHkj ds fy, fVdrh gSA ;fn ,d le; L=h dh euksn'kk vPNh gS vFkok
fu/kZu gksa ;k /kuh] rqEgkjs fy;s nsork rqY; gSAa Þ mldk vkpj.k Hkh ljkguh; gS] fQj Hkh mldk vkxs Hkjkslk ugha fd;k tk ldrkA
bl vfr dBksj fuUnk dk eSa leFkZu ugha djrk] fdUrq gekjk lkfgR; ,slh tSls 'kL= rh{.k gksrs gS]a blh çdkj ukjh Hkh gksrh gSA os x#MÛ vFkok ok;q ds leku
ckrksa ls ifjiw.kZ gSA ik'pkR; lkfgR; Hkh ,slh ckrksa ls vNwrk ugha gSA çk;% ukjh dks rhoz xfr ls nwj Hkkx ldrh gSAa os fdlh fu;e fo'ks"k ij n`<Û ugha jgrhaAÞ
innfyr fd;k x;k gS vkSj mlds lkFk nqO;Zogkj fd;k x;k vkSj mldks iw.kZr;k bl çdkj ds dBksj i{kikriw.kZ ykŃu ukfj;ksa ds pfj= ds fo#¼ çk;%
vfo'oluh; Bgjkdj mldh fuUnk dh xbZ gSA dkS'kY;k dgrh gSa] ßesjk iq= ns[kus dks feyrs gSAa eSua s bu nks mnkgj.kksa dks bl fy;s pquk gSa D;ksfa d ,d vkSj
lPpfjr gSA rqEgsa mls nsork ekudj mldh iwtk djuh pkfg;s] ogh rqEgkjk LoZLo dkS'kY;k bl <ax ij cksyrh gSa vkSj nwljh vksj vxLR; Hkh mlh 'kSyh esAa vc ge
gSA ;fn bl le; og /ku ls of´pr gS] rks blls D;k gqvk\Þ ;|fi lhrkdks bl vis{kkÏr ,d vf/kd lqUnj çlax ij vkrs gSAa tc y{e.k viuh ekrk lqfe=k ls
f'k{kk dh vko';drk ugha Fkh] fQj Hkh os dÙkZO; dk Lej.k djkus gsrq viuh lkl fonk ysus tkrs gS]a os D;k dgrh gS\a
ds çfr vkHkkj çdV djrh gSAa fL=;ksa ds fo#¼ ,sls fuUnkiw.kZ oDrO; çk;% ns[kus
l`"VLRoa ouoklk; LouqjDr% lqâTtusA
esa vkrs gSAa blh lUnHkZ esa ,d ckr vkSj /;ku esa vkrh gSA ouokl dky esa tc Jh
jke çekna ek dk"khZ% iq=% Hkzkrfj xPNfrAA
jke vxLR; ½f"k ds vkJe esa vfrfFk gksrs ga]S ml le; Hkh çKk ds egku òksr] os
O;luh ok le`)ks ok xfrjs"k roku?kA
eqfu Hkh fL=;ksa ds çfr blh çdkj ds fopkj çdV djrs gSa %
,"k yksds lrka /keksZ ;Tts;"s Bo'kxks HkosrA~ A

bna fg o`Ùkeqfpra dqyL;kL; lukrue~A vFkok esjs iq= dks nkl Hkh cuk fn;k x;k gksrk] rks Hkh ojnku eq>s vHkh"V gksrk
nkua nh{kk p ;Ks"kq ruqR;kxks e`/ks"kq pAA II 40.5-7 vkSj eSa HkkX; ls le>kSrk dj ysrhA dSd;s h us viuh bPNkuqlkj ,slk vifo= dk;Z
lqfe=k dks jke dh okLrfod çÏfr dk iwjk Kku gSA vr% os vius iq= ls fd;k gS] tSls fdlh vfXugks=h czkã.k us vekoL;k ;k iwf.kZek ds fnu nsorkvksa dks
dgrh gS] ßoRl! rqEgkjs tUe ij gh eq>s irk py x;k Fkk fd rqe vius thou dk muds HkkX; ls of´pr djds] og Hkkx jk{klksa dks vfiZr dj fn;k gksA esjs iq=] ohj
i;kZIr le; ou esa O;rhr djksxAs rqe vius lqân Jh jke ds ije vuqjkxh gksA egkckgq] xtjkt ds leku eUnxfr ls pyus okyk dksnMa /kkjh] /kuq/kZj jke dk
blfy, eSa rqEgsa lg"kZ ouokl ds fy;s fonk djrh gw¡A vius cMÛs HkkbZ ds fy;s ou esa HkkX; Hkh dSlk gS fd os viuh iRuh vkSj y{e.k ds lkFk chgMÛ ou esa HkVd jgs gSAa
b/kj&m/kj tkrs le; {k.k Hkj ds fy;s Hkh rqe mudh lsok esa dHkh çekn u djukA ftUgksua s thou esa dHkh nq%[k ugha ns[kk Fkk] ,sls jke y{e.k vkSj lhrk dks vkius
muds çfr lnk ;Fkksfpr vkSj lRdkj nsukA os ladV esa gks vFkok le`f¼ es]a os gh dSd;s h dh ckrksa esa vkdj ou Hkst fn;kA mu cspkjksa dks d"V ds flok; vc ou esa
rqEgkjh ije xfr gSAa lalkj esa lRiq#"kksa dk ;gh /keZ gS fd loZnk vius cMÛs HkkbZ dh D;k j[kk gS\ vewY; oLrqvksa ls of´pr os rhuksa r#.k lq[k Hkksxus ds le; ?kj ls
vkKk ds v/khu jgsAa nku nsuk] ;K esa nh{kk xzg.k djuk vkSj ;q¼ esa 'kjhj R;kxuk fudky fn, x,A vc os Qy&ewy dk Hkkstu djds u tkus dSls jgsxa \s ml Hkkstu
;gh bl dqy dk mfpr ,oa lukru vkpj.k jgk gSAÞ ij fuHkZj jg dj] tks v/ksMÛ lU;kfl;ksa dk gksrk gS] dSls pkSng o"kZ O;rhr gksxa \s
oSls rks y{e.k dks bl çdkj muds }kjk çsfjr fd;s tkus dh vko';drk D;k vc esjs thou esa 'kksd dks u"V djkus okyk 'kqHk fnu fQj vk;sxk] tc eSa
ugha FkhA blds ckn ,d çfl¼ 'yksd jgk gS % lhrk vkSj y{e.k lfgr jke dks ;gk¡ ns[k ldwxa h\ dc og 'kqHk volj vk;sxk]
y{e.ka RosoeqDRok lk lafl)a fç;jk?koe~A tc ohj jke vkSj y{e.k ou ls ykSV dj vk;saxs vkSj ;g lqurs gh fo[;kr
lqfe=k xPN xPNsfr iqu%iqu:okp re~AA v;ks/;koklh g"kZ ls mYyflr gksxa s vkSj ?kj&?kj Qgjk;s x, /ot lewg uxj dh
jkea n'kjFka fof) eka fof) tudkRetke~A 'kksHkk c<Ûk;sxa \s u tkus dc jke vkSj y{e.k dks iqu% ou ls vk;k ns[kdj ;g
v;ks|keVoha fof) xPN rkr ;Fkklq[ke~AA II 40.8,9 v;ks/;kiqjh iwf.kZek ds meMÛrs gq, leqæ dh Hkk¡fr g"kksYZ ykl ls ifjiw.kZ gksxh\ tSls
vius iq=] y{e.k ls ,slk dgdj lqfe=k us ouokl ds fy;s fuf'pr fopkj lkaM xk; dks vkxs djds pyrk gS] mlh çdkj ohj egkckgq jke jFk ij lhrk dks
j[kus okys loZfç; Jh jke ls dgk] ßcsVk! tkvks rqEgkjk ekxZ eaxye; gksAß vkxs djds dc v;ks/;kiqjh esa ços'k djsxa \s u tkus dc ;gk¡ lgòzkas euq"; iqjh esa
rRi'pkr~ os y{e.k ls cksyh] Þy{e.k! ,d çdkj ls vc rqEgkjs thou esa cMÛk ços'k djrs le; jktekxZ ij pyrs gq, esjs nksuksa 'k=qneu iq=ksa ij [khyksa dh o"kkZ
ifjorZu vkus okyk gSA oLrqr% ;g ifjorZu ugha gksxkA rqe vius ekrk&firk dks djsxa \s mÙke vk;q/k fy;s f'k[kj;qDr ioZrksa ds leku çrhr gksus okys jke vkSj
NksMÛdj ugha tk jgs gks vkSj u gh vR;Ur fç; uxjh v;ks/;k dks ghA rqe jke dks y{e.k lqUnj dqMa yksa ls vyaÏr gksdj] dc v;ks/;kiqjh esa ços'k djrs gq,] esjs
viuk firk n'kjFk le>uk] tudufUnuh lhrk dks viuh ekrk lqfe=k ekuuk] us=ksa ds le{k çdV gksxa \s dc czkã.k dU;k;sa g"kZiow dZ Qwy vkSj Qy vfiZr djrh
vkSj ou dks gh v;ks/;k tkuukA vc lq[kiwod Z ;gk¡ ls çLFkku djksAÞ gqbZ v;ks/;k dh ifjØek djsxa h\ u tkus dc nsorkvksa ds leku rstLoh jke i`Foh
ij lkef;d o"kkZ dh Hkk¡fr tu leqnk; vkSj esjk ykyu djrs gq, ;gk¡ i/kkjsxa \s
dqN lxks± ds ckn (lxZ 43) ge ns[krs gS]a viuk nq%[k lgu djus esa vleFkZ
bl le; esjh foifÙk dks ns[krs gq, rks fuLlUnsg ,slk yxrk gS fd eq> uhp
dkS'kY;k ,d yEck vkSj n;uh; foyki djrh gSAa 'k¸;k ij iMÛs egkjkt n'kjFk Jh
vkpj.k djus okyh ukjh us iwot Z Ue esa cNMÛkas dks nw/k ihus ds fy, m|r gksrs gh
jke dk gh fpUru djrs&djrs yEch lk¡ls [khaprs gq,] rhuksa ds pys tkus ls]
mudh ekrkvksa ds Lru dkV fn, gksxa As ftl çdkj fdlh flag us fdlh NksVs ls
vR;Ur mnkl gks tkrs gSAa ikl cSBh mruh gh mnkl dkS'kY;k Hkh cMÛk dk#f.kd
cNMÛs okyh xk; dks cyiwod Z cNMÛs ls vyx dj fn;k gks] mlh çdkj dSd;s h us
foyki djus yxrh gSAa os egkjkt ls dgrh gS]a ßJh jke ij viuk fo"k maMy s dj
cyiwod Z eq>s vius csVs ls foyx dj fn;k gSA tks mÙke xq.kksa ls ;qDr vkSj lEiw.kZ
Vs<Ûh pky ls pyus okyh dSd;s h] dspa y
q h NksMÛdj uwru 'kjhj ls çdV gqbZ lfiZ.kh
'kL=ksa esa çoh.k gS] ml bdykSrs iq= dks [kkdj eSa thfor ugha jg ldrhA vc fç;
dh Hkkafr vc LoPNUn fopjsxhA tSls ?kj esa jgus okyk nq"V liZ ckj&ckj Hk;Hkhr
iq= jke vkSj egkcyh y{e.k dks ns[ks fcuk] eq> esa thfor jgus dh 'kfDr 'ks"k
djrk gS] mlh çdkj Jh jke dks ouokl nsdj lQy euksjFk gqb]Z ;g dSd;s h eq>s
ugha gSA tSls xzh"e ½rq esa çHkkdj lw;Z Hkxoku viuh fdj.kksa ls i`Foh dks
rFkk vU; lcdks la=Lr djrh jgsxhA ;fn jke Hkh[k ek¡xrs gq, Hkh ?kj esa jgrs
vf/kd rIr dj nsrs gS]a mlh çdkj ;g 'kksdtfur vfXu eq>s vkt tyk jgh gSAÞ [II.43]

tc dkS'kY;k bl çdkj viuh euksO;Fkk maMy s jgh Fkh] /keZijk.kk lqfe=k] gS] vkSj tSlh dY;k.ke;h 'kfDr gS] mlls Kkr gksrk gS fd os ouokl ls ykSVdj
mPpdksfV dh le>nkjh Hkkoukvksa }kjk dÙkZO; ds çfr mUgsa mins'k ls Hkjiwj 'kh?kz gh viuk jkT; çkIr dj ysxa As jke lw;Z ds Hkh lw;Z (çdk'kd) gS]a vfXu ds Hkh
lkURouk nsus dk ç;kl dj jgh FkhA ;gk¡ ge dkS'kY;k vkSj lqfe=k ds chp ,d cMÛk vfXu (nkgd) gS]a os çHkq ds Hkh çHkq gS] y{eh dh Hkh mÙke y{eh] dhfrZ dh Hkh dhfrZ
vUrj ns[krs gSAa lqfe=k esa vkRela;e vis{kkÏr vf/kd gS D;ksfa d og oLrqfLFkfr;ksa vkSj {kek dh Hkh {kek gSAa dsoy bruk gh ugha] os nsorkvksa ds Hkh nsork rFkk Hkwrksa ds
dks ;FkkFkZ :i esa le>rh gSAa ;|fi os Hkh dkS'kY;k dh Hkkafr vius iq= ls foyx gks Hkh mÙke Hkwr gSAa os ou esa jgsa ;k uxj es]a mudks dkSu {kfr igq¡pk ldrk gS\
jgh gS]a os bruh 'kksdlUrIr ugha gSa D;ksfa d os tkurh gS fd jke vkSj lhrk ds ou iq#"kf'kjksef.k jke 'kh?kz gh i`Foh] lhrk vkSj y{eh& bu rhuksa ds lkFk jkT; ij
tkus dk thou&y{; D;k gSA os /keZ ds vkns'k iuj ou tk jgs gSa vkSj bl vkns'k vfHkf"kDr gksxa As ftudks uxj ls fudyrs ns[kdj v;ks/;k dk tu ekul 'kksd ls
dks jí fd;k ugha tk ldrkA vkgr gksdj us=ksa ls vk¡lw cgk jgk gS] dq'k vkSj phj oYdy /kkj.k djds tkrs gq,]
dkS'kY;k dks bl çdkj ls foyki djrs ns[kdj] lqfe=k us ;s /keZ;Dq r opu ftu vt;] fuR;fot;h ohj ds ihNs&ihNs lhrk ds :i esa lk{kkr~ y{eh gh muds
dgs] ßvk;kZ! rqEgkjk fo"kkn vuqfpr gSA rqe rks ekrkvksa esa lcls vf/kd HkkX;'kkfyuh lkFk xbZ gS] muds fy;s D;k nqyHZ k gS\ ftuds vkxs /kuq/kkZfj;ksa esa Js"B y{e.k Lo;a
gksA rqEgkjs iq=mÙke xq.kksa ls ;qDr vkSj iq#"kksa esa Js"B gSAa muds fy;s bl çdkj dk ck.k vkSj [kM~x vkfn 'kL= fy;s tk jgs gS]a muds fy;s txr esa D;k nqyHZ k gS\
foyki djuk] nhurkiwod Z jksuk] O;FkZ gSA bl çdkj jksu&s /kksus ls D;k ykHk\ rqEgkjs nsfo! eSa rqels lR; dgrh gw¡] rqe ouokl dh vof/kiw.kZ gksus ij Jh jke dks vo';
LFkk;h fgr ds fufeÙk] tks vius firk dks lR;oknh cukus ds fy, ou pys x, gS] ns[kksxhA vr,o] rqe 'kksd vkSj eksg dks NksMÛ nksA dY;kf.k! rqe uoksfnr pUæek ds
os rqEgkjs egkcyh jke ml Js"B /keZ esa fLFkr gS]a ftldk lRiq#"kksa us loZnk] lE;d~ leku vius iq= dks iqu% vius pj.kksa esa eLrd j[kdj ç.kke djrh gqbZ ns[kksxhA
çdkj ls ikyu fd;k gSA og ijyksd esa Hkh lq[ke; Qy çnku djus okyk gSA ,sls jktHkou esa çfo"V gksdj iqu% dkSlyksa ds jktin ij vfHkf"kDr gq, vius iq= dks
/kekZRek ds fy;s dnkfi 'kksd ugh djuk pkfg;sA fu"iki y{e.k Hkh leLr çkf.k;ksa vrqy jkty{eh ls lEiék ns[kdj rqe 'kh?kz gh vius us=ksa ls fo"kkn ds vk¡lv q ksa ds
ds çfr n;kyq gSAa os Hkh /keZ ds Js"B ekxZ dk vuqlj.k dj jgs gSAa y{e.k ds fy;s ctk; Hkjiwj vkuUn ds vk¡lw cgkvksxhA nsfo! Jh jke ds fy;s rqEgkjs eu esa 'kksd
;g cMÛs lkSHkkX; dh ckr gSA lhrk Hkh] tks lq[k Hkksxus ds ;ksX; gS] ouokl ds leLr vkSj nq%[k ugha gksuk pkfg;s] D;ksfa d muesa dksbZ v'kqHk ckr fn[kkbZ ugha nsrhA rqEgkjk
nq%[kksa dks HkyhHkk¡fr tkurs gq, Hkh] vius dÙkZO;ikyu dh 'kq¼ Hkkoukvksa ls çsfjr lkSHkkX; fuf'pr gS] Jh jke dks dksbZ Hkh d"V] dksbZ Hkh nq%[k] dksbZ Hkh ladV Li'kZ
gksdj] rqEgkjs /kekZRek iq= dk vuqlj.k dj jgh gSA tks çHkq lalkj esa viuh ugha dj ldrkA rqe lhrk vkSj y{e.k lfgr vius iq= dks ;gk¡ mifLFkr ns[kksxhA
dhfrZe;h irkdk Qgjk jgs gSa vkSj lnk lR;ozr ikyu djus ds fy, rRij jgrs gS]a vkids vkl&ikl fpUrkxzLr] tks yksx vkidks mRlqdrkiw.kZ ns[k jgsa gSa] rqEgsa
,sls iq= jke ds fy;s dkSu lk Js; bgyksd vFkok ijyksd esa nqyHZ k gSA Jh jke rks mnkgj.k ds fy;s bu lcdks /kS;Z ca/kkuk pkfg;s] ftlls Hkfo"; ds çfr os vk'kkoku
ewfrZeku /keZ gSAa mudh ifo=rk vkSj mÙke egkRE; rks vf[ky fo'o esa fo[;kr gSA jgsAa Lo;a gh bl le; vius ân; dks D;ksa bruk nq%f[kr dj jgh gks! rqEgsa 'kksd
fu'p; gh lw;Z viuh fdj.kksa ls mUgsa lUrIr ugha dj ldrkA lHkh ½rqvksa esa ouksa ugha djuk pkfg;s D;ksfa d rqEgsa jke tSlk csVk feyk gSA jke ls c<Ûdj lUekxZ esa
ls fudyh gqbZ mfpr lnhZ vkSj xehZ ls ;qDr lq[kn ,oa eaxye; ok;q jke dh lsok fLFkj jgus okyk euq"; lalkj esa nwljk dksbZ ugha gSA tSls o"kkZdky ds es?k tyo`f"V
djsxhA jkf= ds le; /kwi dk d"V fuokj.k djus okyk 'khry pUæek lksrs gq, djrs gS]a mlh çdkj lqânksa lfgr rqe vius iq= dks vius pj.kksa esa ç.kke djrs
fu"iki jke dk viuh fdj.kksa }kjk vkfyaxu djsxk vkSj mUgsa çlékrk çnku djsxkA ns[kksxh vkSj vkuUniw.kZ vk¡lv q ksa dh o"kkZ djksxhAÞ ;gk¡ ij lqfe=k viuh cqf¼ekuh
cfgu! tÛjk Lej.k djks] jke ds }kjk j.kHkwfe esa frfe/ot ('kEcj) ds iq= nkuojkt rFkk le>nkjh ds iwjs f'k[kj ij gSA Jh jke ds fudVLFk O;fDr;ksa esa y{e.k dks
lqckgq dks naMd ou esa ekjk x;k ns[kdj Loa; czãk us vkdj mu egkrstLoh jke NksMÛdj dnkfpr~~ dsoy lqfe=k gh gS]a ftUgksua s jke dh okLrfod çÏfr dks le>k]
dks cgqr ls fnO; vL=&'kL= çnku fd, FksA vr,o] muds fy;s ou esa dksbZ =kl muds ouxeu ds mís'; vkSj mudh fØ;k ds vkSfpR; vkSj /keZ'khyrk dks le>kA
ugha gSA os ogk¡ ,sls gh jgsxa ]s tSls os iq#"kflag Jh jke 'kwjohj gSAa os vius ckgqcy dk rRi'pkr~ ge ,d cMÛs d#.k n`'; ij vkrs gSAa Jh jke dks xaxk ds nf{k.k
vkJ; ysdj tSls egy esa jgrs Fks] mlh çdkj ou esa Hkh fuHkZ; gksdj jgsxa As ftuds rV ij igq¡pk dj vkSj muls fonk ysdj lkjfFk lqeU= v;ks/;k ykSV vk;s vkSj
ck.kksas dk y{; cudj lHkh çk.kh fouk'k dks çkIr gks tkrs gS]a muds 'kklu esa rks mlh Hkou dh vksj x,] tgk¡ jktk n'kjFk ysVs gq, FksA vkBoha M~;ks<Ûh esa ços'k djds
lEiw.kZ i`Foh vkSj leLr çk.kh gSA jke dh tSlh xkSjo vkSj xfjek gS] tSlk ijkØe mUgksua s ns[kk jktk dkS'kY;k ds Hkou esa cSBs iq='kksd esa efyu nhu nq%[kh ,oa vkrqj

gks jgs gSAa mlh Hkou esa dkS'kY;k] lqfe=k vkSj egkjkt ds dqN fo'oluh; ifjtu dqN le; ckn jktk n'kjFk ds ikl cSBh] vkrZ dkS'kY;k us fQj ogh ckr
Hkh mifLFkr FksA lqeU= us egkjkt ds ikl tkdj vfHkoknu fd;k vkSj Jh jke dk NsMÛrs gq, jktk dks mikyEHk nsuk vkjEHk fd;kA mUgksua s vius ifr ls bl çdkj
lUns'k T;ksa dk R;ksa ns fn;kA dgk] ßrhuksa yksdksa esa vkidk egku ;'k QSyk gqvk gSA j?kqdy q ujs'k cMÛs n;kyq]
l rw".kheso rPNªRq ok jktk foHkzkUrpsru%A mnkj vkSj fç; opu cksyus okys gksrs gS]a rFkkfi vkius bl fo"k; ij fopkj ugha
ewfPNZrks U;iröwekS jke'kksdkfHkihfMr%AA II.57.26 fd;k fd lq[k&oSHko esa iys&iksls nksuksa iq= vkSj lhrk ouokl ds d"Vksa dks dSls
jktk n'kjFk Jh jke ds fo;ksx ls ihfMÛr gksdj ewfPNZr gks x, vkSj Hkwfe ij lgu djsaxsA og lqdqekjh r#.kh lhrk] tks lq[k Hkksxus ;ksX; gS] og ou dh
fxj iMÛAs i`Foh ij fxjrs gh vUr%iqj dh lc fL=;k¡ phRdkj djus yxhaA ml le; lnhZ&xehZ dSls lgsxh\ lhrk] tks Lokfn"V O;´tuksa ls ;qDr vék dk Hkkstu fd;k
dkS'kY;k us lqfe=k dh lgk;rk ls jktk dks mBkdj iyax ij ysVk fn;kA O;Fkk ds djrh Fkh] vc og uhokj dk lw[kk Hkkr dSls [kk;sxh\ tks lnk e/kqj xhr&ok| dh
?kko iqu% gjs gks x,] vc dkS'kY;k Lo;a ij fu;U=.k u j[k ldh vkSj o`¼ egkjkt /ofu lquk djrh Fkh] ogh ou esa taxyh flagksa dk v'kksHku 'kCn dSls lquxs h\ tks
dks mykguk nsus yxhaA bUæ/ot ds leku leLr yksdksa ds fy;s vkuUn çnku djus okys Fks] os egkckgq
bna rL; egkHkkx nwra nq"djdkfj.k%A jke dSls lksrs gksxa \s dnkfpr~~ mudh ifj?k tSlh eksVh ck¡gs gh mudk rfd;k gksxhA
ouoklknuqçkIra dLeké çfrHkk"krsAA ftldh dkfUr dey ds leku gS] ftlds Åij lqUnj ds'k 'kksHkk ikrs gS]a ftldh
v|seeu;a ÑRok O;i=ifl jk?koA çR;sd lk¡l ls dey dh lqxU/k fudyrh gS] ftlds eq[k eaMy ij dey lgt
mfÙk"B lqÑra rs·Lrq 'kksds u L;kRlgk;rkAA lqUnj us= lq'kksfHkr gS] ,sls euksgj jke ds eq[k dks eSa dc ns[kwxa h\ esjk ân; otz
nso ;L;k Hk;kækea ukuqiP` Nfl lkjfFke~A dk cuk gqvk gS] blesa la'k; ugha] D;ksfa d jke n'kZu ds fcuk esjs ân; ds lgL=ksa
usg fr"Bfr dSd; s h folzC/ak çfrHkk";rke~AA II. 57.29-31 VqdMÛs D;ksa ugha tkrs\ vkius ;g vR;Ur funZ;rkiw.kZ deZ fd;k gS fd fcuk dqN
dSlk fofp= ç'u Fkk! cspkjs n'kjFk mÙkj esa dg gh D;k ldrs Fks\ dkS'kY;k lksp&fopkj ds] ,d ek= dSd;s h ds dgus ij esjs cPpksa dks ns'k ls fudky fn;kA
us bl çdkj dgk] ßegkjkt! ;s lqeU= th Jh jke ds nwr gksdj mudk lUns'k QyLo:i os lq[k HkksX;;ksX; gksdj Hkh ou esa HkVd jgs gksxa As ;fn iUægosa o"kZ Hkh
ysdj vk, gSAa vki buls ckrphr D;ksa ugha djrs\ j?kquUnu! iq= dk ouokl nsuk esjs jke ldq'ky iqu% ou ls ykSVxas ]s rks Hkh Hkjr muds fy;s jkT; vkSj jktdks'k
vU;k; gSA ;g vU;k; djds vki yfTtr D;ksa gks jgs gS\ (;g rks oLrqr% ?kko ij NksMÛ nsxa ]s ,slh lEHkkouk fn[kkbZ ugha nsrhA D;k çfrfnu ,slk ns[kus esa ugha vkrk
ued fNMÛdus ds leku Fkk) mfB,] vkidks vius lR; ds ikou iq.; dk Qy çkIr fd dqN yksx vius firjksa ds Jk¼ esa vius cU/kq&ckU/koksa dks igys Hkkstu dj nsrs
gksA 'kksd djus ls D;k ykHk\ nso! vki ftl Hk; ls Jh jke dk lekpkj ugha iwN gSa vkSj muls ÏrÏR; gksdj fuefU=r Js"B czkã.kksa dh vksj /;ku nsrs gSAa ijUrq]
jgs gS]a og dSd;s h ;gk¡ mifLFkr ugha gSA vr% fuHkZ; gksdj buls ckr D;ksa ugha ogk¡ tks xq.koku ,oa fo}ku nsorqY; czkã.k gksrs gSa] os vieku ds Hk; ls ml
djrs\Þ HkqDr'ks"k vék dks mlh çdkj xzg.k ugha djrsA tSls vPNs cSy vius lhax dVkus dks
rS;kj ugha gksrk] Js"B iq#"k HkhMÛ esa tqVuk ilUn ugha djrsA ck/k nwljs tkuojksa ds
,slk dgdj dkS'kY;k dk xyk Hkj vk;k vkSj os 'kksdkdqy gksdj i`Foh ij yk;s ;k [kk;s gq, f'kdkj dks [kkuk ugha pkgrkA ;K eas mi;qDr uSo| s & tSls fd ?kh]
fxj iMÛhAa bl ij lHkh jkfu;k¡ mUgsa pkjksa vksj ls ?ksj dj jksus yxhaA miys] ifo= dq'kk] dRFkk vkfn ,d ckj ç;ksx esa vkus ds i'pkr fQj ls ç;qDr
rrLreUr%iqjukneqfRFkua leh{; o`)kLr:.kk'p ekuok%A ugha fd;s tkrsA blh çdkj T;s"B vkSj Js"B Hkzkrk vius NksVs HkkbZ ds Hkksxs gq, jkT;
fL=;'p lokZ ::nq% leUrr%iqja rnklhRiqujso l³~dqye~AA bl çdkj dh vidh£r jke dnkfi lg ugha ldrk] ftl çdkj ,d ck?k viuh
II.57.34
iw¡N dks elyus ugha nsrkA ;fn lkjk fo'o ,d vksj gks tkrk] rks Hkh og mldks ;q¼
vUr% iqj ls mBs gq, ml vkrZukn dks lqudj] uxj esa cw<Ûs vkSj toku] lHkh esa ijkLr dj ldrk FkkA D;ksfa d og v/keZ dh fuEu xfr esa fxjus dks rS;kj u Fkk]
jks iMÛAs lkjh fL=;k¡ jksus yxhA lkjk uxj iqu% 'kksd ls O;kdqy gks mBkA 'kksd vkSj mlds jkT; dks cyiwod Z ugha NhukA D;k og vius lqo.kZtfMÛr 'kjksa }kjk lEiw.kZ
fo"kkn dk dSlk eeZLi'khZ n`'; FkkA ogk¡ ,d vç'kfer vkrZukn Nk x;kA l`f"V ds ty&Fky dks vfXu esa HkLr ugha dj ldrk Fkk\ ,d cSy] ck?k ;k 'ksj ds
Hkk¡fr 'kfDr'kkyh iq= Lo;a vius gh larku dks pV dj tkrh gSA vius /kekZRek iq=

dks fcuk mfpr dkj.k ds fuokZflr djds vkius gekjs iwot Z ksa }kjk LFkkfir iqjkru Hk; ls os jks iMÛhA iq= ds dkj.k fpfUrr gksus ls os viuk lUrqyu [kks cSBh FkhaA tSls
vkpkj&lafgrk dh voekuuk dh gSA gs jktu~! ukjh ds fy;s ,d lgkjk mldk ifr gh mUgsa vius dÙkZO; dh ;kn fnykbZ xbZ] os gks'k esa vk x;haA mUgsa vglkl gqvk fd
gS] nwljk iq=] rhljk mlds cU/kq&ckU/ko] pkSFkk vU; dksbZ ughaA bu lgkjksa es ls os viuk foosd fdruk [kks cSBh FkhA rqjUr gh ifr dh v´tfy idMÛ dj vkSj mls
vki rks ejs jgs gh ughaA nwljk jke gS]a ftudks ou dks Hkst fn;k x;k vkSj eSa mlds vknjiwod Z f'kyks/kk;Z djds cksyh %
ihNs tkuk ugha pkgrhA cU/kq&ckU/ko lc nwj gS]a vr,o rhljk lgkjk Hkh vc ugha çlhn f'kjlk ;kps HkwekS fuifrrkfLe rsA
jgkA D;ksfa d eSa vkidh lsok NksMÛdj jke ds ikl ou tkuk ugha pkgrh gw¡] blfy, ;kfprkfLe grk nso gUrO;kga u fg Ro;kAA
eSa loZFkk vkids }kjk ekjh xbZA vkius Jh jke dks ouokl nsdj leLr jk"Vª dk uS"kk fg lk L=h Hkofr 'yk?kuh;su /kherkA
fouk'k dj MkykA ge] bl egy dh fL=;k¡ cjckn gqbaZ gS]a eaf=x.k rFkk jktdh; mHk;ksyksdZ ;
Z ksohZj iR;k ;k laçlk|rsAA
deZpkjh cjckn gq, gS]a bl uxj ds leLr fuoklh Hkh u"Vçk; gks x, gSAa dsoy tkukfe /ke± /keZK Roka tkus lR;okfnue~A
vkids iq=] Hkjr vkSj dSd;s h gh çlék gq, gSAa Þ (II.61.1-29) iq='kksdkrZ;k rÙkq e;k fdefi Hkkf"kre~AA
'kksd ls O;kdqy vkSj vius ifr ls ,sls fu"Bqj opu dgus ij foo'k gqbZ 'kksdks uk'k;rs /kS;± 'kksdks uk'k;rs Jqre~A
cspkjh ukjh ds çfr] D;k vkids eu esa lgkuqHkwfr ugha meMÛxs h\ çk;% ,slk gksrk gS 'kksdks uk'k;rs lo± ukfLr 'kksdleks fjiq%AA
fd tc fdlh ?kj esa vR;Ur vlkef;d e`R;q gks tkrh gS] pkjksa vkSj [kMÛs yksx 'kD;ekifrr% lks<aq çgkjks fjiqgLrr%A
foyki djrs gq, 'kksd çnf'kZr djrs gSAa muesa ls dksbZ ,d O;fDr fdlh nwljs dks lks<eq kifrr% 'kksd% lql{w eks·fi u 'kD;rsAA
cqjk Hkyk dgus yxrk gSA ekuo çÏfr ,slk gh gSA 'kksdeXu] dqfir dkS'kY;k us ouoklk; jkeL; i´pjk=ks·| x.;rsA
tc o`¼ egkjkt dks bl çdkj ds mykgus fn,] muds 'kCnksa us jktk ds eeZLFky ;% 'kksdgrg"kkZ;k% i´po"kksiZ eks eeAA
dks Nsn fn;kA 'kksd vkSj vuqrki ls os vfHkHkwr gks x,A nh?kZdky ds i'pkr~ psruk ra fg fpUr;ekuk;k% 'kksdks·;a âfn o/kZrAs
vkus ij] ikl esa cSBh gqbZ dkS'kY;k dks ns[kdj] os iqu% fpUrkxzLr gks x,A bl n'kk unhukfeo osxsu leqnzlfyya egr~AA II.62.12-18
esa os v/kZprs u voLFkk esa igq¡p x, vkSj muds efLr"d esa vrhr dh ?kVuk,¡ ?kweus ßnso! eSa vkids lkeus i`Foh ij iMÛh gw¡A vkids pjeksa esa eLrd j[kdj
yxhaA mUgsa ;kn vk;k] vrhr dk ,d nq"deZ Hkh] tks 'kCnHksnh ck.k pykus okys ;kpuk djrh gw¡] vki çlék gksAa eSua s ?kksj nq"Vrk dh gS] ftlls vkidks esjs ls ;kpuk
ujs'k }kjk vutkus gh gks x;k FkkA Jh jke ds fo;ksx 'kksd ls lUrIr egkjkt uhps djuh iMÛhA blls vf/kd iki vkSj D;k gksxk\ eq>ls vijk/k gqvk gS] fQj Hkh eSa
eq¡g fd, Fkj&Fkj dk¡ius yxs vkSj dkS'kY;k dks eukus ds fy;s gkFk&tksMÛ dj cksy]s vkils {kek ikus ;ksX; gw¡A ifr viuh L=h ds fy;s bgyksd vkSj ijyksd esa Hkh
ßdkSlY;s! eSa rqe ls fourh djrk gw¡] rqe çlék gks tkvks] *jfprks·;a e;katfy]^ Li`guh; gSA bl txr es]a tks L=h vius cqf¼eku ifr }kjk v´tfy ck¡/k dj
ns[kks]s eSua s ;s nksuksa gkFk tksMÛ fy, gSAa rqe rks lnk lc ij okRlY; vkSj n;k fn[kkus eukbZ tkrh gS]a og dqy&L=h dgykus ;ksX; ughaA egkjkt! eSa L=h&/keZ dks tkurh
okyh gks] fQj esjs ij bruh dBksj D;ksa gks xbZ\ nsfo! ifr xq.koku gks vFkok gw¡ vkSj ;g Hkh tkurh gw¡ fd vki lR;oknh gSa vkSj tks dqN vkius fd;k gS] og
xq.kghu] /keZijk;.kk lrh ukfj;ksa ds fy;s og çR;{k nsork gksrk gSA rqe rks lnk dsoy viuk opu fuHkkus ds fy;s fd;k gSA bl le; tks dqN v'kksHkuh; ckrsa eSua s
/keZ esa rRij jgus okyh gks vkSj yksd esa Hkys&cqjs dks le>us okyh gksA D;k rqe dgha gS]a og iq='kksd ls ihfMÛr gksus ds dkj.k eq[k ls fudy x;h gSA tc iq= dh
Li"V:i ls esjh n'kk ugha ns[k jgh gks\ eSa Lo;a gh vuqrki vkSj HkRlZuk ls Hkjk gqvk ;kn lrkrh gS]a eSa lc dqN Hkwy tkrh gw¡] ;gk¡ rd fd viuk dÙkZO; Hkh A 'kksd
gw¡A D;k rqEgsa tys ij ued fNMÛduk pkfg;sA eSa tkurk gw¡ fd rqe Hkh nq%f[kr gks] /kS;Z dk uk'k djrk gSA 'kksd 'kkL=Kku vkSj lquh gqbZ vPNh ckrksa dks Hkh yqIr dj
vkSj eSa Hkh nq%[k ls O;kdqy gw¡A vr% brus dBksj opu u dgks]Þ bl çdkj os iRuh nsrk gSA 'kksd lc dqN u"V dj nsrk gSA vr% 'kksd ds leku nwljk dksbZ 'k=q ugha
ls vuqu;&fou; djrs gSaA gSA 'k=q ds gkFk dk çgkj lg fy;k tk ldrk gSA fdUrq nsoo'k çkIr FkksMÛk lk Hkh
blds ckn vkrk gS] dkS'kY;k dk oDrO;] ftlls vf/kd fo"kkniw.kZ opu eSua s 'kksd ugha lgk tkrkA jke dks ou x, vkt ik¡p jkr O;rhr gks xbZAa ;s ik¡p jkr
dHkh ugha i<ÛAs nq%[kh gq, jktk ds eq[k ls dgs x,] mu dk#f.kd opuksa dks lqudj] ik¡p o"kZ ds leku çrhr gks jgha gSA jke dk fpUru djus ds dkj.k esjs ân; dk
dkS'kY;k vius us=ksa ls vk¡lw cgkus yxhA ,d 'kkyhu ukjh gksus ds dkj.k v/keZ ds 'kksd c<Ûrk gh tk jgk gS] ftl çdkj ufn;ksa ds osx ls leqæ dk ty c<Û tkrk gSAß

dkS'kY;k ds bl çdkj ds 'kqHk opuksa dks lqudj jktk dks lk¡Rouk feyh vkSj mudh ;=klkS iq:"kO;k?kz% iq=ks es rIr;s ri%AA
ekufld fLFkfr Hkh lkekU; gqbAZ vxys nks lxks± esa n'kjFk vius nq"deZ dk o`ÙkkUr bna fg ro foLrh.kZ /ku/kkU;lekfpre~A
lqukrs gSAa tc os jktdqekj Fks vkSj /kuq/kZj :i ls fo[;kr Fks] 'kCn&Hksnh ck.k gLR'ojFklai.w k± jkT;a fu;kZfrar rFkkAA
pykus esa çoh.k FksA ,d ckj f'kdkj [ksyus ds fy;s lj;w unh ds rV ij x;s] bl bR;kfncgqfHkoksD
Z ;S% Øwj%S laHkkfRlZrks·u?k%A
vk'kk ls fd jkr ds le; dksbZ fgald i'kq ikuh ihus ds fy;s vk;sxk] rks mldk foO;Fks Hkjrlrhoz± oz.ks rq|os lwfpukAA II.75.11-17
vk[ksV djsxa As ml le; okrkoj.k vU/kdkjiw.kZ FkkA vdLekr~ mUgsa ikuh esa ?kMÛk fQj vki tkurs gh gS]a Hkjr ofl"B }kjk cqyk;s x,A geus iwoZ esa gh ml
Hkjus dh vkoktÛ lqukbZ nh] tks mUgsa gkFkh ds ikuh ihus ds leku çrhr gqbAZ rRle; vHkkxs n`'; dks ns[kk gSA Hkjr ds vkxeu dk lqudj dkS'kY;k dk jDr fQj [kkSy
mUgksua s vkoktÛ dks y{; djds viuk ck.k NksMÛkA ck.k dk f'kdkj] gkFkh u gksdj] mBkA os lqfe=k dks ?klhVrh gqb]Z Hkjr ds ikl tkus dks rRij Fkha] fdUrq Hkjr Loa;
,d fuZnks"k eqfudqekj gks x;k] tks vius cw<Û&s vU/ks ekrk&firk ds fy;s ikuh ysus ogk¡ vk x,A dkS'kY;k 'kksdfoày gksdj QwV iMÛh]a ßcsVk! rqe jkT; pkgrs Fks u\
vk;k FkkA tc mUgksua s vius vutkus esa vijk/k ds fo"k; esa mudks o`ÙkkUr lquk;k] vc ;g fu"daVd jkT; rqEgsa çkIr gks x;k gS] fdUrq [ksn ;gh gS fd dSd;s h us tYnh
mUgksua s iq= 'kksd ls vius çk.k R;kx fn,A çk.k R;kxus ls iwoZ mUgksua s n'kjFk dk ds dkj.k cMÛs Øwj deZ }kjk bls çkIr fd;k gSA Øwjrkiw.kZ n`f"V j[kus okyh dSd;s h
'kki fn;k] ßjktu~! bl le; iq=fo;ksx ls tSlk d"V gesa gks jgk gS] rqEgsa Hkh mlh u tkus blesa dkSu lk ykHk ns[krh Fkh fd mlus esjs csVs dks phj&oL= iguk dj
çdkj gksxk] rqe Hkh iq= 'kksd ds tky esa vk tkvksxAs Þ ;g çlax nks lxks± esa gS vkSj ou Hkst fn;kA vc dSd;s h dks pkfg;s fd eq>s Hkh 'kh?kz gh mlh LFkku ij Hkst ns]
vR;Ur dk#f.kd gSA lqurs&lqurs dkS'kY;k vkSj lqfe=k dks uhan vk xbZA Jh jke tgk¡ esjs egk;'kLoh iq= jke gSAa Þ rnuUrj] os ,d çdkj ls /kedh nsrh gS]a ßlqfe=k
dks iqdkjrs&iqdkjrs vkSj 'kksdiw.kZ foyki djrs&djrs] vk/kh jkr chrrs jktk dks lkFk ysdj vkSj vfXugks= dks vkxs djds eSa Lo;a gh lq[kiwod Z ml LFkku dks
n'kjFk us vius çk.k R;kx fn,A dkS'kY;k vkSj lqfe=k fuæk esa FkhaA mUgsa irk ugha çLFkku d:¡xh] tgk¡ jke fuokl dj jgs gSAa Þ rkRi;Z ;g gS fd os mUgsa vius firk
pyk fd jktk fnoaxr gks x;sA jkr chrus ij çfrfnu dh Hkk¡fr cUnhtu LrqfrikB dk vfUre laLdkj ugha djus nsxa haA x`gkfXu dk ml laLdkj ds fy;s gksuk vR;Ur
ds fy;s jktegy esa mifLFkr gq,A tc lw;ksnZ ; gksus ij Hkh jktk ckgj ugha fudys] vko';d gSA ßiVjkuh gksus ds ukrs eq>s bl vfXu iwjk&iwjk vf/kdkj gSA rqe Lo;a
vUr% iqj dh fL=;k¡ mudh 'k¸;k ds ikl tkdj] mUgsa txkus yxhaA Li'kZ djus ij gh viuh bPNkuqlkj eq>s ogk¡ igq¡pk nks] tgk¡ esjs iq= jke ri dj jgsa gSA ;g
ns[kk] muesa thou dk dksbZ fpÊ ugha FkkA fQj os mPp Loj esa vkrZukn djus yxhaA /ku&/kkU; lEiék gkFkh] ?kksMÛs ,oa jFkksa ls Hkjk iwjk foLr`r jkT; dSd;s h us rqEgsa
muds jksus dh vkoktÛ lqudj dkS'kY;k vkSj lqfe=k dh Hkh uhan VwV xbZA jktk dk fnyok;k gS ] Þ bl çdkj dh cgq r lh dBks j ckrs a dgdj dkS ' kY;k us
'kjhj Nw dj ßgk ukFk!Þ dh iqdkj djrh gqb]Z os nksuksa jkfu;k¡ i`Foh ij fxj iMÛhAa fujijk/k Hkjr dh HkRlZuk dhA Hkjr dks cgqr ihMÛk gqb]Z ekuks fdlh us ?kko ij lqba Z
rnuUrj ihNs ls vk;h gqbZ dSd;s h vkSj vU; jkfu;k¡ 'kksd ls lUrIr gksdj jksus pqHkks nh gksA blds ckn vkrk gS] ^jkek;.k* dk ,d va'k] tks cgqr gh çfl¼ gSA
yxhaA fnoaxr jktk ds 'ko dks ns[kdj dkS'kY;k ds us=ksa ls vJq/kkjk cg pyhA os dkS'kY;k ds lkeus Hkjr ckj&ckj 'kiFk [kkdj dgrs gSa fd os loZFkk funks"Z k gSAa os
'kksdkdqy gksdj jktk ds eLrd dks xksn esa ysdj dSd;s h ls bl çdkj cksyha % viuh ekrk }kjk fd;s x, dqdeZ dks mfpr ugha Bgjkrs] ftlls Jh jke] lhrk vkSj
bna rs jkT;dkeL; jkT;a çkIrde.Vde~A y{e.k lfgr ou dks x,A ;g lc dkaM mudh tkudkjh ds fcuk gh fd;k x;kA
laçkIra cr dSd¸s ;k 'kh?kza Øwj.s k deZ.kkAA mUgsa vR;f/kd çlékrk gksxh] ;fn mudk ykSV vkuk lEHko gks ldsA vMÛrhl
çLFkkI; phjolua iq=a es ouokflue~A 'yksdksa (II.75.21-58) esa os 'kiFkiwod
Z os bl dkaM esa viuk dksbZ gkFk gksus ls bUdkj
dSd; s h da xq.ka r= i';fr Øwjnf'kZuhAA djrs gSAa os dgrs gS]a ß;fn okLro esa eSa nks"kh gw¡] rks eq>s nqfu;k ds lc lEHko
f{kça ekefi dSd; s h çLFkkif;rqegZfrA nq"deks± dk naM feysA ;fn esjh bPNkuqlkj esjs HkkbZ dk ouokl feyk gks] rks eq>s
fgj.;ukHkks ;=kLrs lqrks es lqegk;'kk%AA veqd naM feys] veqd iki yxsAÞ bl çdkj ifr rFkk iq= ls fcNqMÛh dkS'kY;k dks
vFkok Lo;esokga lqfe=kuqpjk lq[ke~A 'kiFk }kjk vk'oklu nsrs gSAa Hkjr Hkh nq%[k ls O;kdqy gksdj i`Foh ij fxj iMÛAs
vfXugks=a iqjLÑR; çLFkkL;s ;= jk?koAA dkS'kY;k iqu% vuqrki ls vfHkHkwr gks tkrh gSAa rRle;] vusd 'kiFkksa }kjk viuh
dkea ok Lo;esok| r= eka usreq gZflA lQÛkbZ nsrs gq,] 'kksd lUrIr ,oa vpsr Hkjr ls dkS'kY;k bl çdkj cksyha %

ee nq%[kfena iq= Hkw;% leqitk;rsA v|k;efi rs iq=% Dys'kkukerFkksfpr%A
'kiFkS% 'kiekuks fg çk.kkuqi:.kfRl es AA II.75.61 uhpkuFkZlekpkja lTta deZ çeq´prqAA II.103.7
ßcsVk! rqe vusdkusd 'kiFk [kkdj esjs çk.kksa dks tks ihMÛk ns jgs gks] blls esjk ßrqEgkjk ;g iq= Hkh mu Dys'kksa dks lgu djus ;ksX; ugha gSA vc jke ykSV
nq%[k vkSj Hkh c<Ûrk tk jgk gSAÞ ;g vfUre egÙoiw.kZ n`'; gS] tks ;kn djus pysa vkSj fuEu Js.kh ds iq#"kksa ds ;ksX;] tks nq%[ktud dk;Z gS]a mls og NksMÛ nsAa Þ
;ksX; gSA blds ckn ds n`";ksa esa ge dsoy dkS'kY;k dks cksyrs ns[krs gSAa vU; dkS'kY;k *vfi^ 'kCn dk ç;ksx D;ksa djrh gS\ Vhdkdkj viuh iVqrk dk mi;ksx
jkfu;k¡ çk;% ekSu jgrh gSAa ;g fo'ks"kkf/kdkj dkS'kY;k dks] iVjkuh gksus ds dkj.k vPNk djrk gSA esjs fopkj ls ;g Bhd gh gSA lqfe=k ds nwljs iq=] 'k=q?u us vHkh
çkUr FkkA tc jke dks v;s/;k ykSV pyus ds fy, Hkjr eukus vk;s] ml le; rd ,slk dk;Z ugha fd;k gS] mldks Hkh bl çdkj dk dksbZ dk;Z djuk ugha iMÛxs kA
jkfu;k¡ Hkh lkFk vk;haA egf"kZ ofl"B] jktk n'kjFk dh jkfu;ksa dks vkxs djds] ml vFkZ dsoy ;gh gks ldrk gSA vkxs tkdj dkS'kY;k us ns[kk fd muds vkus ls igys
LFkku dh vksj pys] tgk¡ jke dk vkJe FkkA tSls gh mUgksua s ml ifjlj esa ços'k gh jke] y{e.k vkSj lhrk us firk ds fu/ku dk lekpkj ikdj Luku dj fy;k Fkk
fd;k] mUgsa eUnkfduh unh fn[kkbZ nhA mÙkjh Hkkjr dh ufn;ksa ds rV vR;Ur Å¡ps vkSj dq'kk ds Åij fiaM j[k NksMÛk FkkA pkoy ds vHkko esa baxqnh ds Qy dk fiaM
gS] ikuh rd igq¡pus ds fy;s ,d yEcs ekxZ dks ikj djuk iMÛrk gSA jkfu;k¡ tc cuk;k x;k FkkA dkS'kY;k vkSj vU; lHkh ;g ns[krs gSa] vkSj os iqu% ,d ckj
eUnkfduh rV ij igq¡pha] mUgksua s ogk¡ jke vkSj y{e.k ds Luku djus dk ?kkV 'kksdlUrIr gksdj n'kjFk dh lHkh jkfu;ksa ls dgrh gSa %
ns[kkA y{e.k çk;% ty ysus ds fy, vkrs jgrs Fks vkSj mUgksua s vius fy, ,d ekxZ prqjUrka eghaa HkqDRok egsUæl<`'kks HkqfoA
cuk fy;k FkkA dkS'kY;k vU; jkfu;ksa lfgr tc ogk¡ igq¡prh gS]a mudk /;ku Hkh dFkfe³~xfq nfi.;kda l Hkq³D ~ rs olq/kkf/ki%AA
ml vksj tkrk gSA ml le; dkS'kY;k vR;Ur nq%[kh gksdj vJqikr djus yxhaA
vrks nq%[krja yksds u fdafpRçfrHkkfr esA
mUgksua s lqfe=k ls dgk % ;= jke% firqnZ|kfn³~xnh{kksne`f)eku~AA
bna rs"kkeukFkkuka fDy"VefDy"VdeZ.kke~A jkes.ks³x~ fq nfi.;kda firqnÙZ ka leh{; esA
ous çkôsoya rhFk± ;s rs fufoZ"k;hÑrk%AA dFka nq%[ksu ân;a u LQksVfr lglz/kkAA
br% lqfe=s iq=Lrs lnk tyerfUær%A JqfrLrq [kfYo;a lR;k ykSfddh çfrHkkfr esA
Lo;a gjfr lkSfef=eZe iq=L; dkj.kkr~AA ;né% iq:"kks Hkofr rnékLrL; nsork%AA II.103.12-15
t?kU;efr rs iq=% Ñroké rq xfgZr%A ßtks pkjksa leqæksa rd dh i`Foh dk jkT; Hkksxdj] Hkwry ij nsojkt bUæ ds
Hkzkrq;nZ FkZlfgar lo± rf}fgar xq.kS%AA II.103.4-6 leku çrkih Fks] os Hkwiky] egkjkt n'kjFk fils gq, baxnq h Qy dk fiaM dSls [kk jgsa
ßns'k ls fuoZflr vkSj lc dh ihMÛk gjus okys mu esjs vukFk iq=ksa dk ;g ou gksxa \s lalkj esa blls c<Ûdj egku nq%[k eq>s vkSj dksbZ çrhr ugha gksrk] ftlds
esa nqxeZ rhFkZ gS] ftls bUgksua s lcls igys Lohdkj fd;kA esjs vkSj rqEgkjs iq= nksuksa v/khu gksdj Jh jke le`¼'kkyh gksrs gq, Hkh vius firk dks baxnq h Qy dk fiaM nsAa
gh lq[k lk/kuksa ds chp iys FksA mUgsa Lo;a dqN dk;Z ugha djuk iMÛrk FkkA vc ;g ns[kdj esjs ân; ds lgòksa VqdMÛs D;ksa ugha gks tkrs\ ;g yksd fo[;kr dgkor
fujkyL; y{e.k Lo;a tkdj] ;gk¡ ls esjs iq= ds fy;s ty ysdj vk;k djrs gSAa fu'pr gh eq>s lR; çrhr gksrh gS fd euq"; tks Lo;a [kkrk gS] mlds nsork Hkh
;fn rqEgkjs iq= us NksV&s NksVs dk;Z djus Lohdkj fd;s gS]a rnkfi os lsok&dk;Z djuk mlh vék dks xzg.k djrs gSAa Jh jke us tks dqN fd;k] og Bhd gh gSA nsork fdlh
cqjk ugha ekurs gSAa fdUrq ,slk er ekuks fd ,slk dk;Z djds os viuk eku ?kVk jgs euq"; ls mlh oLrq dh vis{kk djrs gS]a tks mls miyC/k gksA os ml çdkj dh vis{kk
gSAa Þ rnuUrj dkS'kY;k ,d lqUnj ckr dgrh gS]a ßge lc Jh jke dks okil ykSVkus ugha dj ldrs] ftlds fy, os viuh mPp inoh ds vk/kkj ij gdÛnkj gSAa Þ
ds fy;s vk;sa gSA vkt gh ge ykSV pysaxsAÞ nsf[k,] dkS'kY;k fdruh vk'kkoknh gSaA
mUgsa iwjh&iwjh vk'kk gSa fd Hkjr dh vksj ls vkxzg gksus ds dkj.k Jh jke okil vfUre n`'; nsf[k,] ftlesa dkS'kY;k dh rLohj mHkj dj lkeus vkrh gSA os
pyus ds fy, lger gks tk;sxa As vc dkS'kY;k dgrh gS]a ßdnkfpr~~ vkt dk fnu vius iq= Jh jke] y{e.k vkSj lhrk dks ns[krh gSAa lhrk dks ns[kdj og dgrh gSa %
vfUre gS] tc rqEgkjs iq= dks ikuh ykus dk dke djuk iMÛsxkAÞ fQj] fonsgjktL; lqrk Luq"kk n'kjFkL; pA
jkeiRuh dFka nq%[k laçkIrk futZus ousAA
506 jkek;.k ds T;ksfr&LrEHk rhlok¡ v/;k; 507

iùekrilarIra ifjfDy"VfeoksRiye~A
dk´pua jtlk /oLra fDy"Va pUæfeokEcqnS%AA
eq[ka rs çs{; eka 'kksdks ngR;fXufjkJ;e~A rhlok¡ v/;k;
Hk`'ka eufl oSnsfg O;lukjf.klEHko%AA II.103.24-26
ßrqEgkjk tUe fonsgjkt tud ds dqy esa gqvkA rqe b{okdq dqy ds jktk vfHk"ksd
n'kjFk dh iq= o/kw vkSj Jh jke dh iRuh gksA bl futZu ou esa fdruk nq%[k D;ksa
Hkksx jgh gSA csVh! rqEgkjk eq[k /kwi ls >qyls gq, dey] dqpys gq, dksey mRiy]
/kwy ls /oLr gq, lqo.kZ vkSj cknyksa ls <ds pUæek ds leku Jhghu gks jgk gSA ijEijk ds vuqlkj] ;g vfUre v/;k; Jh jke vkSj lhrk ds jkT;kfHk"ksd ds
fonsgufUnuh! tSls vkx dk"B dks nX/k dj nsrh gS] mlh çdkj rqEgkjs bl eq[k dks
egksRlo ij gSA bl egkdkO; esa pkj ckj vfHk"ksd lekjksgksa dk mYys[k gqvk gSA
ns[kdj] ;g 'kksdkuy eq>s tyk jgk gSAÞ
igyh ckj v;ks/;k dkaM esa gksrk gS] ijUrq ogk¡ ;g mRlo gksr&s gksrs jg x;k] lEiék
blds i'pkr~ vc ge lc jkfu;ksa ls fonk ysrs gS]a dkS'kY;k ls HkhA blds ugha gks ik;kA vxyh ckj lqxhz o dk vfHk"ksd fdf"dU/kk ds jktk ds :i esa gksrk gSA
mijkUr os utÛj vkrh gS]a ijUrq dsoy ,d ekSu Hkwfedk vnk djrh gSAa rRi'pkr~ ,slk volj vk;k] foHkh"k.k dks jkT;kfHk"ksd lekjksg ijA oLrqr% ;g nks
eSua s vc ^jkek;.k* ds egku ik=ksa ds lEiw.kZ eaMy dk fp=.k iwjk dj fy;k pj.kksa esa lEiék gqvkA ,d ckj ;q¼ vkjEHk gksus ls iwo]Z Hkkjrh; Hkwfe ij] tc Jh
gSA ;|fi eSaus ijEijkxr n`f"Vdks.k ugha viuk;k gS D;ksafd eSa ml Hkwfedk dks jke ds vkns'k ij mldk lkadsfrd vfHk"ksd fd;k x;k Fkk vkSj fQj vlyh
[ksyus dk nkok ugha dj ldrkA vf/kdka'k yksxksa dh Hkkoukvksa dks /;ku esa j[krs jkT;kfHk"ksd ;q¼ dh lekfIr ij] tc yadk dk jkT;flagklu [kÛkyh gks x;k FkkA
gq, eSa vfHk"ksd dk laf{kIr o.kZu djds bl o`ÙkkUr dks lekIr d:¡xk] tks dksbZ Hkh mlds ckn vkrk gS] v;ks/;k esa egku vfHk"ksd lekjksg] ftlds fo"k; esa vc ppkZ
^jkek;.k* fo"k; dks og çk;% blh çFkkxr :i ls lekIr djrk gSA eSa Hkh ,slk gh djrs gSAa
d:¡xkA dfri; 'kCn] mu nwljs vk;kstuksa dh fHkékrk voljksa ds fo"k; es]a D;ksfa d
dqN ns[kus okyh ckr gS] bu mRloksa ds chp D;k&D;k rS;kfj;k¡ dh xb±] D;k&D;k
lkexzh ,df=r dh xb± vkSj fdl çdkj ;FkkFkZ :i esa vfHk"ksd ;k Luku fd;k
x;kA eSa ek= ,d 'yksd i<Ûrk gw¡] ftlesa ofl"B fu"iki :i ls ml fu;frc¼
çkr% dks jktx`g ds fudV vkdj lwpuk nsrs gSa fd lHkh rS;kfj;k¡ iwjh gks pqdh gSAa
bes x³xksnd/kVk% lkxjsH;'p dk¥puk%A II.14.34
ßbu lksus ds eaxy?kMÛkas esa xaxktu vkSj fHkék&fHkék leqækas vkSj egklkxjksa ls
yk;k gqvk ty Hkjk gqvk gSAÞ
ty ls Hkjs gq, lksus ds dy'kksa dks HkyhHkk¡fr ltk;k x;k FkkA lkFk pyus
okyksa esa mYys[k gS] vkB lqUnj dqekfj;ksa vkSj ,d gkFkh dk] tks çk;% jktk ds }kjk
ç;ksx fd;k tkrk FkkA fQj] dfo mu lHkh ,df=r dh gqbZ oLrqvksa dk vf/kd
foLrkj ls o.kZu djrk gSA os mYys[kuh; gSµ a ßdk´puk tydqEHkk'pß (II.15.4-8)A
,slh HkO; rS;kjh dh x;h FkhaA ;gk¡ ;g ,d egÙoiw.kZ ckr /;ku nsus ;ksX; ;g gS fd
;g ty fHkék&fHkék çdkj ds LFkkuksa ls yk;k x;k gS]a tgk¡&tgk¡ Hkh ty ifo= ekuk
tkrk Fkk& ufn;ksa es]a fdlh xqeuke dq,¡ esa vFkok fdlh ljksojksa es]a bu lHkh txgksa
ls yk;k x;k gSA eSa /;ku bl ckr dh vksj fnykuk pkgrk gw¡ fd tSls gh n'kjFk ds
507

eu esa jke ds vfHk"ksd dk fopkj vk;k] mUgksua s rqjUr bl ds fy;s vxys gh fnu Li"V ugha gS fd lqxhz o ds vfHk"ksd ds volj ij mUgksua s Hkkx fy;k ;k ughaA dfo
dh frfFk fuf'pr dj nhA vc ç'u ;g mBrk gSµ ty bu nwjLFk fHkék&fHkék us blds lEcU/k esa dqN ugha dgk gSA vr% eq>s rks ,slh laHkkouk yxrh gS fd
LFkkuksa ls brus vYi le; esa dSls yk;k x;k\ bldk rks eryc ;g gS fd o`¼ vuq"Bku lqxhz o dh tkfr ds yksxksa rd gh lhfer FkkA
jktk ds LoHkko ls pkykdh Fkh vkSj ty igys gh e¡xok fy;k gksxkA vFkok ge ,slk foHkh"k.k dks lkadfs rd :i ls igyh ckj leqæ ds bl ikj gh vfHkf"kDr
vuqeku Hkh yxk ldrs gS]a tks esjs fopkj esa fdafpr viO;;h gS] fd jktegyksa esa fd;k x;k FkkA
bl çdkj dk ty lnSo miyC/k jgrk gksxkA fdUrq] esjs fopkj ls rks ,slk ekékk bfr czoq k.ka jkeLrq ifj"oT; foHkh"k.ke~A
dqN vlaHkkO; yxrk gSA eSa rks le>rk gw¡ fd n'kjFk us lpeqp bl mRlo dk vczohYy{e.ka çhr% leqækTtyeku;AA
fopkj dkQÛh igys ls cuk fy;k gksxk vkSj ifo= ty Hkh ,df=r dj fy;k gksxkA rsu pSua egkçkKefHkf"k´p foHkh"k.ke~A
vc ge fdf"dU/kk dkaM esa lqxhz o ds vfHk"ksd ij vkrs gSAa jktkua j{klka f{kça çlés ef; ekunAA
vktXeqLr= eqfnrk ojk% dU;kLrq "kksM'kAA IV.26.28 ,oeqDrLrq lkSfef=jH;f"k´pf}Hkh"k.ke~A
lksyg lqUnj dU;k,¡ Hkh lqxhz o ds ikl ykbZ xbZAa e/;s okujeq[;kuka jktkua jke'kklukr~AA VI.19.24-26
,slk yxrk gS fd ;qojkt ds fy;s vkB dU;k,¡ i;kZIr FkhaA ijUrq D;ksfa d jko.k ls frjLÏr gksdj foHkh"k.k yadk NksMÛdj] vius pkj vuqpjksa lfgr
lqxhz o dk vfHk"ksd Lo;a jktin ds fy;s gksus okyk Fkk] lksyg dU;k,¡ ykbZ xbZAa ij vkdk'k&ekxZ ls nks gh ?kMÛh esa ml LFkku ij vk igq¡pk Fkk] tgk¡ Jh jke fojkteku
ty ds fo"k; esa Hkh ;gk¡ vc dksbZ dfBukbZ ugha FkhA ty mlh le; yk;k x;k FksA mUgksua s viuk ifjp; nsdj Jh jke dh 'kj.k esa vkus dh bPNk O;Dr dhA Jh
D;ksfa d lqxhz o dh lsok esa okuj miyC/k Fks] os foy{k.k dk;Z djus esa l{ke Hkh FksA jke ds vHk; nsus ij og vkdk'k&ekxZ ls mrj dj Jh jke ds pj.kksa esa fxj iMÛs
fQj Hkh mYys[k fd;k x;k gS fd ty ufn;ks]a leqæksa vkSj vU; ifo= LFkkuksa ls vkSj Jh jke ds iwNus ij mUgksua s jko.k dh 'kfDr dk Hkh ifjp; fn;kA Jh jke us
yk;k x;k FkkA jko.k ds o/k dh çfrKk djds foHkh"k.k dks yadk dk jktk cukus dk vk'oklu fn;k
vkSj foHkh"k.k us Hkh mUgsa ;Fkk'kfDr lgk;rk nsus dk opu fn;kA foHkh"k.k ds ,slk
unhunsH;% laâR; rhFksZH;'p leUrr%A
dgus ij Jh jke us mUgsa ân; ls yxk fy;kA çlék gksdj y{e.k ls dgk] ßrqe
vkâRk; p leqæHs ;% losHZ ;ks okuj"kZHkk%AA
leqæ dk ty ys vkvks vkSj mlds }kjk jk{kljkt dk vfHk"ksd dj nksAÞ muds
'kkL=n`"Vsu fof/kuk egf"kZfofgrsu pA IV. 26.32-34
,slk dgus ij y{e.k use[q ;&eq[; okujksa ds e/; Jh jke ds vkns'kuqlkj foHkh"k.k
Js"B okujksa us ufn;ks]a lEiw.kZ fn'kkvksa ds rhFkks± vkSj leLr leqæksa ls yk;s gq,
dk jk{kl jktin ij vfHk"ksd dj fn;kA
fueZy ty ds ,df=r djds lksus ds dy'kksa esa j[k fn;kA egf"kZ;ksa ds crk;s gq,
fof/kfo/kku ds vuqlkj Lo.kZe; dy'kksa esa j[ks gq, LoPN ty ls lkaM ds lhaxksa }kjk leqæ lehi gksus ds dkj.k ty dk ykuk vR;Ur lqdj FkkA ;gk¡ Li"V
lqxhz o dk vfHk"ksd fd;k x;kA ,d Vhdkdkj ds vuqlkj bl volj ij lgk;rk ds mYys[k gS fd os y{e.k gh Fks] ftUgksua s foHkh"k.k dks vfHkf"kDr fd;kA ,slk gh rc
fy;s dqN czkã.k iMÛkl s ds çns'kksa ls yk, x;s Fks] D;ksfa d bldk vuqeku yxkuk Hkh gqvk tc jko.k o/k ds i'pkr~ vkSj mldk vUR;sf"V laLdkj djus ds ckn] jke
dfBu gS fd okujksa esa ls fdl&fdl dks 'kkL=Kku FkkA us bUæ ds lkjfFk ekrfy dks fnO; jFk lesr fonk fd;k vkSj y{e.k dks foHkh"k.k ds
jkT;kfHk"ksd djus dk vkns'k fn;kA y{e.k us okuj;wFkifr;ksa dks lksus ds ?kMÛs
,d Vhdkdkj us oLrqr% cks/kk;u dk mYys[k fd;k gS] ijUrq eq>s bl esa
nsdj] mUgsa leqæ ty ykus dh vkKk nhA
lUnsg gSA bl lUnHkZ esa ;g mYys[kuh; gS fd vfHk"ksd dk vuq"Bku dsoy lqxhz o
ds lqânks&a xt] xok{k] xo;] 'kjHk] xU/kekfnu] f}fon] guqeku vkSj tkEcoku rrLosda ?kVa x`á laLFkkI; ijeklusA
}kjk gh lEiék gqbAZ ,d vU; ckr Hkh /;ku nsrs ;ksX; gSA dfo us dgha Hkh bl ckr ?kVsu rsu lkSfef=jH;f"k´pf}Hkh"k.ke~AA
dk mYys[k ugha fd;k fd lqxhz o ds lkFk jktfryd ds volj ij rkjk cSBh Fkh] y³~dk;k j{klka e/;s jktkua jke'kklukr~A
vFkok :ekA çrhr gksrk gS] bl lEeku dk mlus vdsys gh vkuUn fy;kA foHkh"k.k fof/kuk eU=n`"Vsu lqân~x.kleko`re~AA
ds vkxkeh vfHk"ksd ds volj ij y{e.k us egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk vnk dhA ijUrq] ;g vH;f"k´pr~ l /kekZRek 'kq)kRekua foHkh"k.ke~A VI.115.14-16

ty vk tkus ij] y{e.k us ,d ?kV ysdj mUgsa mÙke vklu ij cSBk dj ukUosreq Rq lgs jke ro ekxZefjUne~AA
ml ?kV ds ty ls foHkh"k.k dk osnksDr fof/k ds vuqlkj yadk ds jktin ij ,d ;Fkk pkjksfirks o`{kks tkr'pkUrfuZo's kusA
ckj fQj vfHk"ksd fd;kA ;g vfHk"ksd Jh jke dh vkKkuqlkj gqvk FkkA ml le; egka'p lqnjq kjksgks egkLdU/kç'kk[koku~AA
jk{klksa ds chp] lqânksa ls f?kjs gq,] foHkh"k.k jktflagklu ij fojkteku FksA 'kh;sr
Z iqf"irks HkwRok u Qykfu çn'kZ;u~A
bl le; Hkh foHkh"k.k dh iRuh dk dksbZ mYys[k ugha gSA y{e.k ds i'pkr~ rL; ukuqHkosnFk± ;L; gsrks% l jksI;rsAA
lHkh jk{klksa vkSj okujksa us mudk vfHk"ksd fd;kA eq[; ik= ds fy;s ;g fdruk ,"kksiek egkckgks RoeFk± osÙkqegZflA
d"Vdj jgk gksxk] fujUrj vius Åij ikuh m¡MÛyokuk] fdUrq Jh jke ds vfHk"ksd ;|LekUeuqtUs æ Roa HkDrku~ Hk`R;ké 'kkf/k fgAA
ds le; jke ds lkFk dfBukbZ vkSj Hkh vf/kd gqbZ gksxh D;ksfa d muds ik'oZ esa lhrk txn|kfHkf"kDra Rokeuqi';rq loZr%A
Hkh mifLFkr FkhaA ;g rks vkxs gh irk yxsxk fd mu nksuksa ij fdruk ikuh maMy s k çriUrfeokfnR;a e/;kºus nhIrrstle~AA
x;k vkSj fdrus yksxksa }kjkA rw;Zla³~?kkrfu?kksZ"kS% dk´phuwiqjfu%LouS%A
okLrfod jhfr ij tkus ls igys ge ,d NksVs ls fcUnq dh vksj tÛjk e/kqjSxhZr'kCnS'p çfrc/;Lo jk?koAA VI.131.2-10
/;ku nsxa As ;q¼ dkaM ds 131osa lxZ ds vkjEHk esa dfri; 'yksd gS]a tks 'kCn'k% lkfURork ekfedk ekrk nÙka jkT;fen eeA
yxHkx os gh gS]a tks v;ks/;k dkaM ds 105osa lxZ esa gSA vr% ,slk çrhr gksrk gS fd rínkfe roSokgZ Hkq³{~ o jkT;ed.Vde~AA
dfo dks mUgha 'yksdksa dks nks txg nksgjkus esa ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa ,d vklk/kkj.k lk egrsokEcqox s u
s fHké% lsrt q y
Z kxesA
n`'; yxk gksxkA og Fkk D;k\ v;ks/;k dkaM esa Hkjr iwjs jktegy] lsuk vkSj nqjkokja RonU;su jkT;[k.Mfena egr~AA
v;ks/;k ds çeq[k ukxfjdksa lfgr Jh jke ls feyus vkSj mUgsa ykSVkus ds fy;s jktÛh xfra [kj bok'oL; rk{;ZL;so irf=.k%A
djkus vkrs gSAa ml le; os vius oDrO; es]a Jh jke ls jkT; xzg.k djus dk vuqxUrqa u 'kfDresZ xfra ro eghirsAA
vuqjks/k djrs gS]a jkteqdVq /kkj.k djus ds fy;s vkefU=r djrs gSAa os Li"V dgrs lqthoa fuR;'kLrL; ;% ijS#ithO;rsA
gSa D;ksfa d os Loa; dks jktin xzg.k djus ds fy;s v;ksX; ekurs gS]a Jh jke dks gh jke rsu rq nqthZo ;% ijkuqithofrAA
jktin xzg.k djuk pkfg;sA tc Jh jke egku fot; çkIr dj v;ks/;k ykSVrs gS]a ;Fkk rq jksfirks o`{k% iq:"ks.k foof/kZr%A
Bhd mlh çdkj] Hkjr iqu% mUgsa jkT; vfiZr djrs gSaA os dgrs gSa] ßvkids âLodsu nqjkjksgks #<LdU/kks egkæqe%AA
çfrfuf/k :i esa vc rd esa jktdkt ns[krk jgk gw¡A vc vki Lo;a ;gk¡ fo|eku l ;Fkk iqf"irks HkwRok Qykfu u fun'kZ;r s A~
gS]a eSa ;g jkT; vkidks okil lkSia rk gw¡AÞ Hkjr us ,d ckj fQj jkT; Jh jke dks l rka ukuqHkosRçhfra ;L; gsrks% çjksfir%AA
HksVa fd;k] Bhd mlh çdkj tSls igys fd;k FkkA dfo bu nks voljksa dh lekurk ,"kksiek egkckgks reFk± osÙkqegZflA
dks /;ku esa j[krs gq,] mUgha 'yksdksa dk mi;ksx djrk gSA eSa igys ;q¼ dkaM vkSj ;fn RoeLeku~ o`"` kHkks HkrkZ Hk`R;ké 'kf/k fgAA
fQj v;ks/;k dkaM ds 'yksd çLrqr djrk gw¡ vkSj rRi'pkr~ mudk vuqoknA Js.k;LRoka egkjkt i';URoxzÓk'p loZ'k%A
iwftrk ekfedk nÙka jkT;fena eeA çriUrfeokfnR;a jkT;s fLFkrefjanee~AA
rínkfe iquLrqH;a ;Fkk Roennk eeAA rokuq;kus dkdqRLFk eÙkk unZUrq dq´tjk%A
/kqjesdkfduk U;Lrke`"kHks.k cyh;lkA vUr%iqjxrk uk;ksZ uUnUrq lqlekfgrkAA II.105.4-12
fd'kksjho xq:a Hkkja u oks<eq geqRlgsAA lkjs 'kCn vkSj euksHkko] nksuksa lUnHkks± ds vuq:i gSAa ßesjh ekrk dh bPNk
okfjosxu s egrk fHké% lsrfq jo {kju~A vkSj Hkkoukvksa dk lEeku djrs gq,] vkius ;g jkT; eq>s fn;k Fkk] mudh
nqcUZ /kufena eU;s jkT;fPNæelaor ` e~AA vfHkyk"kk iwjh gks xbZA tSls ;g jkT; vkius eq>s fn;k Fkk] mlh çdkj eSa vc mls
xfra [kj bok'oL; galL;so p ok;l%A vkidks lkSia jgk gw¡A bl vlguh; Hkkj dks eSa ugha <ks ldrkA vR;Ur cyoku cSy]
ftl Hkkj dks vdsyk <ks ysrk gS] mls ,d {kqæ cNMÛk ugha <ks ldrkA mlh çdkj eSa

Hkh bl Hkkjh Hkkj dks <ksus esa vleFkZ gw¡A eSa brus cMÛs jkT; ds ladVksa ls ldqpkrk gw¡ fn;kA lekpkj ikdj Jh jke vpsr gks x,] FkksMÛh nsj foyki djus yxsA rnuUrj
D;ksfa d ;fn ,d ckj O;oLFkk tÛjk lh Hkh fcxMÛ tk;s] rks mldk 'keu djuk lgt lHkh Hkkb;ksa us Jh jke dks tykatfy nsus dk Lej.k djk;kA lhrk vkxs&vkxs] muds
ugha gksrk] tSls ck¡/k VwV tkus ij ikuh dh rstÛ /kkjk dks fu;af=r djuk vR;Ur ihNs y{e.k] y{e.k ds ihNs Jh jke vkSj vU; yksx muds ihNs pysA bl çdkj os
dfBu gksrk gSA eSa vkids vuqlj.kh; infpÊksa dk vuqlj.k dSls dj ldrk gw¡\ eUnkfduh ds rVij igq¡pAs ogk¡ tykatfy nsdj Jh jke us Hkkb;ksa lfgr firk ds
tSls x/kk ?kksMÛs dh pky vkSj ,d dkSok gal dh euksgj xfr dk çn'kZu ugha dj fy, fiaMnku vfiZr fd;kA rRi'pkr~ os ogk¡ ls vkdj osnh ij cSB x,A blh chp
ldrk] mlh çdkj eq>s esa Hkh vkidh xfr vkidh ikyu&i¼fr dh vuqlj.k djus ofl"B th Hkh rhuksa jkfu;ksa ds lkFk vk x,A Jh jke] y{e.k vkSj lhrk us ekrkvksa
dh 'kfDr ugha gSA ,d vkSj mfpr miek esjs /;ku esa vk jgh gSA tSls ?kj ds Hkhrj dh pj.koUnuk dh] ofl"B th dks ç.kke djds Jh jke muds lkFk cSB x,A
cxÛhps esa ,d o`{k yxk;k x;k gks vkSj og tedj cgqr cMÛk gks x;k gks] og viuh vxys fnu çkr% fuR;deZ mijkUr rhuksa lqânksa ds lkFk lc Jh jke ds ikl
fo'kkyrk ls euq";ksa ds ân; esa foLe; iSnk djrk gS] tks mlds lkeus ckSus yxrs vkdj pqipki cSB x,A ml le; Hkjr us Jh jke ls dgk] ßHkS;k! firk th us
gSA ogh o`{k bruk cMÛk gks x;k fd ml ij p<Ûuk Hkh dfBu gks jgk Fkk] Hkkjh ruk Fkk ojnku nsdj esjh ekrk dks lUrq"V dj fn;kA ekrk us tks jkT; eq>s fn;k] mls eSa
vkSj eksVh&eksVh 'kk[kk;sa FkhA ml ij Qwy rks yxs] fdUrq mlesa vius Qy ugha vc viuh vkSj ls vkidh lsok esa lefiZr djrk gw¡] bldk ikyu&iks"k.k dhft;sA
fn[kk ldkA ml O;fDr ds ân; esa uSjk'; o dbZ o"kks± ds viO;; dh Hkkouk dks o"kkZdky ds egkosx ls VwVs gq, lsrq dh Hkk¡fr bl fo'kky jkT;[kaM dks laHkkyuk]
eglwl djs]a ftlus mls cksdj mldk vR;f/kd lko/kkuh ls iks"k.k fd;k] tc og vkids flok;] fdlh nwljs ds fy;s vR;Ur nq"dj gSA i`FohukFk! tSls x/kk ?kksMÛkas dh
mldh çpqjrk vkSj foiqy çR;k'kk dks catj gksrs ns[krk gSA vc esjh esjh çkFkZuk gS vkSj lk/kkj.k i{kh x#MÛ dh pky ugha py ldrk] Bhd mlh çdkj eq>esa Hkh
fd ,slh foifÙk ge ij u vk,A ;fn HkÙkkZ gksdj Hkh vki Hk`R;ksa dk Hkj.k&iks"k.k ugha vkidh ikyu i¼fr dk vuqlj.k djus dh 'kfDr ugha gSA Jh jke! ftlds ikl
djsxa ]s rks vki Hkh ml fu"Qy o`{k ds leku ekus tk;sxa As vc rks gekjh ;g bPNk vkdj vusd yksx thou&fuokZg djrs gS]a mlh dk thou mÙke gS]a vkSj tks yksx
gS fd lc yksx vkidk vfHk"ksd ns[ksa vkSj vkidks v;ks/;k dk ewfrZeku eqdVq /kkj.k nwljksa dk vkJ; ysdj fuokZg djrs gS]a mudk thou nq%[ke; gksrk gSA tSls fdlh
fd, e/;kÊ dky ds lw;Z dh Hkk¡fr vkidk rst&çrki c<Ûrk gh tk;A vc vki bl O;fDr us Qy dh bPNk ls ,d o`{k yxk;k vkSj iky&iksl dj cMÛk dj fn;k vkSj
mPpin dh xfjek vkSj xkSjo dks /kkj.k djsa vkSj mlds vuq:i oSHko dks Hkh og cMÛh&cMÛh 'kk[kkvksa vkSj iÙkksa okyk ,slk fo'kky o`{k gk lqjhys ok|;a=ksa dh /ofu
viuk;sAa vc vki fofo/k ok|ksa dh e/kqj /ofu rFkk mlls vf/kd e/kqj lqUnjh xwt
a s vkSj çlékrkiwod Z vfHkuUnu djrh vUr% iqj dh fL=;ksa ds dejcan o uwijq ksa
fd'kksfj;ksa ds chp NksV&s NksVs ?kq?a k#vksa ;qDr es[kyk rFkk uwijq ksa dh >udkj vkSj dh /ofu vkidk eucgyko o euksjt a u djs (II.105.4-12)AÞ
lqudj lks;s vkSj tkxsa (VI.131.2-10)AÞ bl çdkj vR;Ur çHkkoh fuea=.k ds lkFk vki ns[k ldrs gS]a fdl çdkj ;s Hkkouk;sa nksuksa voljksa ds fy, mi;qDr gSAa
Hkjr us vuqjks/k fd;kA ;s gS]a Hkjr ds 'kCn] tks jkteqdVq xzg.k djus ds fy;s ,d vR;Ur çHkkoh vdkV~;
v;ks/;k dkaM ds m¼j.kksa dh i`"BHkwfe bl çdkj gSA firk ds vUR;sf"V vkea=.k gSA
laLdkj ls fuo`Ùk gksus ij ea=h vkfn us Hkjr ls jkT; xzg.k djus dk çLrko çLrqr Jh jke ufUnxzke vk igq¡p]s mUgksua s egf"kZ ofl"B ds pj.k Nq,A ,d lqUnj
fd;kA egf"kZ ofl"B us mUgsa jkT; ij vfHkf"kDr gksus dk vkns'k fn;k] ijUrq] Hkjr vklu ij mUgsa cSBk dj os Lo;a nwljs vklu ij cSB x,A vc mudks vfHk"ksd ds
us bu lc vuqjks/kksa dks vLohdkj dj fn;kA os Jh jke dks ykSVk ykus ds fy, lsuk egÙoiw.kZ vuq"Bku ds fy, rS;kj fd;k tkrk gSA lcls igyk dk;Z Fkk] pkSng o"kZ
vkSj ekrkvksa lfgr ou dks py fn,A fu"kknjkt xqg dh lgk;rk ls xaxk ikj djds ds ouoklh thou ds mijkUr] mUgsa fQj ls uxjksfpr os'k /kkj.k djukA muds flj
os lsuk lfgr Hkj}kt eqfu ds vkJe ij igq¡pAs muls os ekxZ iwN dj fp=dwV rFkk eq[keaMy ij ?kus cky mxs gq, FksA mudks bl Hkkj ls eqDr djuk FkkA 'k=q?u
igq¡prs gSAa lsuk dks ioZr ds uhps Bgjk dj] egf"kZ ofl"B dks ekrkvksa kfgr Hkjr] ds vkns'kkuqlkj fdrus gh ukbZ ogk¡ mifLFkr FksA
'k=1?u] ;qeU= vkSj fu"kknjkt xqg dks ysdj Jh jke i.kZ'kyk dh vksj c<Û pysA
rr% 'k=q?uopkukféiq.kk% 'eJqo/kZdk%A
dq'ky lekpkj iwNus ds i'pkr~ Jh jke us Hkjr ls muds ou vkxeu dk mís'; lq[kgLrk% lq'khs?kzk'p jk?koa i;qiZ klrAA VI.131.13
iwNkA Hkjr us jkT; xzg.k djus dk vuqjks/k fd;k] fdUrq Jh jke us mls vLohdkj
dj fn;kA Hkjr us Jh jke ls iqu% iqu% vuqjks/k djds firk dh e`R;q dk lekpkj

fdl çdkj bu lcus feydj muds flj ij dke fd;k gksxk] ;g esjh iwokZr~ leqækr~ dy'ka tyiw.kZeFkku;r~AA
le> ls ckgj gSA dnkfpr~~ dqN dks igys pquk x;k gksxk] fQj çR;sd us ,d&,d lq"ks.k% lÙolaié% loZjRufoHkwf"kre~A
feuV dk le; ek¡xk gksxkA bu lcdks Luku djk;k x;kA rnuUrj] Jh jke us _`"kHkks nf{k.kkÙkw.k± leqækTtyekgjr~AA
Luku fd;kA ;gk¡ /;ku nsus dh ckr ;g gS] rhuksa Hkkb;ksa ds Luku dk mYys[k gS jDrpanu'kk[kfHk% laor ` a dk´pua ?kVe~A
vkSj lqxhz o vkSj foHkh"k.k ds Luku dk Hkh] ijUrq ogk¡ 'k=q?u dk dksbZ mYys[k ugha xo;% if'pekÙkks;ektgkj egk.kZokr~AA
gSA igys Hkh fp=dwV esa çfl¼ laokn ds volj ij] tc lc HkkbZ lkFk cSBs Fks] jRudqEHksu egrk 'khra ek:rfoØe%A
'k=q?u dk mYys[k ugha gSA Vhdkdkjksa dk er gS gesa eku ysuk pkfg;s fd 'k=q?u Hkh mÙkjkPp tya 'kh?kza x:MkfuyfoØe%AA
muesa lfEefyr gksxa s ghA dnkfpr~~ lekjksg ds fof/k&fo/kku dk uk;d vkSj O;oLFkk vktgkj l /kekZRek uy% loZx.q kfUor%AA VI.131.48-57
esa layXu gksus ds dkj.k mUgsa Luku dk le; lcls ckn esa feyk gksA Luku ds Hkjr us lqxhz o ls dgk] ßçHkks Jh jke ds vfHk"ksd fufeÙk ty ykus ds fy,
mijkUr] fofp= iq"iekyk] lqUnj vuqyis u vkSj cgqeYw ; ihrkEcj /kkj.k djds vki vius nwrksa dks vkKk nhft,AÞ rRdky gh lqxhz o us pkj Js"B okujksa dks lc
vkHkw"k.kksa ls lq'kksfHkr Jh jke jktflagklu ij fojkteku gq,A lhrk dk Ük`xa kj Hkh çdkj ls jRufoHkwf"kr pkj lksus ds ?kMÛs nsdj dgk] ßokujks!a rqe yksx dy çkr% dky
n'kjFk dh lHkh jkfu;ksa us feydj fd;kA lkekU;r% ;g dke is'kkoj nkfl;ksa }kjk gh pkjksa leqæksa vkSj ik¡plkS ufn;ksa ds ty ls Hkjs ?kMÛkas ds lkFk mifLFkr jgdj
fd;k tkrk gS] ijUrq bl volj ij ,slk Lo;a djus esa os lEeku vuqHko djuk vko';d vkns'k dh çrh{kk djukAÞ eSa ugha tkurk] ftl leqæ dk mÙkj esa mYys[k
pkgrh FkhaA dfo Li"Vr% dgrk gS fd ufUnxzke ls v;ks/;k ds fy;s 'kksHkk;k=k esa gqvk gS] og Fkk dkSu lk\ lqxhz o ds bl çdkj vkns'k nsus ij gkFkh ds leku
Hkkx ysus okys lc okujksa us ekuoh; vkÏfr /kkj.k dj yh Fkh] dnkfpr~~ vius dks fo'kkydk; okuj] tks x#MÛ ds leku 'kh?kzxkeh Fks] rRdky vkdk'k esa mMÛ pysA
vf/kd n'kZuh; cukus ds fy,A ;q¼ dkaM esa fo'ks"k:i ls crk;k x;k gS fd ;q¼ ls tkEcoku] lq"ks.k] osxn'khZ vkSj ½"kHk& ;s okuj pkjksa leqæksa ls vkSj ik¡p lkS ufn;ksa
,d fnu iwoZ Jh jke us lsuk ds fy, ,d vkns'k fn;k Fkk vkSj dgk Fkk] ßeSa tkurk ds ty ls Hkj dj cgqr dy'k ls ys vk,A 'kfDr'kkyh lq"ks.k lEiw.kZ jRuksa ls Hkjiwj
gw¡ fd rqe lc ekuoh; :i /kkj.k djus esa l{ke gks] fdUrq bl ;q¼ ds nkSjku eSa Lo.kZe; dy'k ysdj x, vkSj mlesa iwoZ leqæ dk ty Hkj ds ys vk,A og yky
fcYdqy ugha pkgrk fd rqe ,slk djksA rqe okuj :i esa gh jgukA gekjs i{k esa pUnu vkSj diwj ls <dk gqvk FkkA ok;q ds leku osx'kkyh xo; ,d jRufufeZr
dsoy lkr yksx gh ekuoh; vkÏfr /kkj.k djs]a vU; ughaAÞ fdUrq] vfHk"ksd ds fo'kky dy'k if'pe egklkxj ds ty ls Hkj dj yk;sA x#MÛ vkSj ok;q ds leku
volj ij vc ,slh vko';drk ugha FkhA okujksa us vfHk"ksd ds fy, ty ,df=r rhozxfr okys loZxq.klEiék ioulqr guqeku mÙkjoÙkhZ egklkxj ls ty yk;sA
fd;kA ml ty dk D;k gqvk] tks jktk n'kjFk us igys ls gh vfHk"ksd ds fy, fuLlUnsg guqeku vusd peRdkjh dk;Z dj pqds FksA lathouh cwVh ykus ds fy;s Hkh
eaxok;k Fkk vkSj ftldk mi;ksx ugha gqvk Fkk] eSa Lo;a ugha tkurkA dbZ ckj mÙkj fn'kk esa tk pqds FksA mÙkj Hkkjr esa ekuljksoj ds vfrfjDr vkSj
mokp p egkrstk% lqxzhoa jk?kokuqt%A dkSu lk leqæa gks ldrk gS] eSa ugha tkurkA okujksa }kjk yk;s gq, ty dks 'k=q?u us
vfHk"kdk; jkeL; nwrkukKki; çHkksAA Jh jke vfHk"ksd iqjksfgr ds fy;s ofl"B th dks lefiZr dj fn;kA bl dkO; esa ;g
lkSo.kkZu~ okujsUæk.kka prq.kkZ prqjks ?kVku~A igyk volj gS] tc ge jktk ds lkFk jkuh dks Hkh vfHkf"kDr ns[krs gS]a u lqxhz o
nnkS f{kça l lqxzho% loZjRufoHkw"kkrku~AA vkSj u gh foHkh"k.k ds vfHk"ksd esa ges ,slk ns[kus dks feyrk gSA czkã.kksa lfgr o`¼
;Fkk çR;w"kle;s prq.kk± lkxjkEHklke~A ofl"V th us lhrk lfgr Jh jke dks ,d pkSdh ij cSBk;kA rRi'pkr~] tSlk vkB
iw.kS?Z kZV%S çrh{k/oa rFkk dq:r okujk%AA olqvksa us nsojkt bUæ dk vfHk"ksd djk;k Fkk] mlh çdkj ofl"B vkfn osnksa esa
,oeqDrk egkRekuks okujk okj.kksiek%A fuiq.k ½f"k;ksa us LoPN ,oa lqxfU/kr ty }kjk Jh jke dk lhrk lfgr vfHk"ksd
mRisrx q xZ ua 'kh?kza x:Mkfuy'kh?kzrk%AA djok;kA lcls igys mUgksua s lEiw.kZ vkS"kf/k;ksa jl;qDr ty ls ½fRod czkã.kksa
tkEcoka'p lq"ks.k'p osxn'khZ p okuj%A }kjk] rRi'pkr~ lksyg dU;kvksa }kjk] rRi'pkr~ efU=;ksa }kjk vfHk"ksd djok;kA
_`"kHk'pSo dy'kk´tyiw.kkZuFkku;u~AA blds mijkUr vU;kU; ;ks¼kvks]a Js"B O;okfl;ksa dks Hkh vfHk"ksd dk volj fn;k
unh'krkuka i´pkuka tya dqEHks"kq pkgju~A x;kA vkdk'k esa [kMÛs gq, nsorkvksa vkSj yksdk ikyksa us Hkh Jh jke dk vfHk"ksd

fd;kA rnuUrj czãk th dk cuk;k gqvk jRutfVr] fnO;] nsnhI;eku fdjhV] ,d ckr esa ifjorZu vk tkrk gSA bl ifjorZu ls fcYdqy dqN ykHk ugha gksrk]
ftldk ç;ksx loZçFke b{okdq dqy tud euq vkSj Øe'k% muds oa'kt jktkvksa ds tSlk fd ge ns[ksxa As
fy;s gqvk Fkk] mldks jRutfVr pkSdh ij fof/kiwod Z j[kk x;kA rRi'pkr~ egf"kZ rrks·L; gkja pUækHka eqP; d.Bkr~ l jk?ko%A
ofl"B us vU; ½fRod czkã.kksa ds lkFk ml fdjhV vkSj vU;kU; vkHkw"k.kksa ls Jh oSnw;Zrjya d.Bs ccU/k p guwer%AA VII.40.24
jke dks foHkwf"kr fd;kA ml volj ij 'k=q?u us ml ij lqUnj 'osr N= yxk;kA ;gk¡ ;g dgk x;k gS fd Jh jke us vius d.B ls ,d mTToy gkj mrkjk
,d vksj okuj jkt lqxhz o us] nwljh vksj jk{kl jkt foHkh"k.k us 'osr p¡oj gkFk esa vkSj mls guqeku ds xys esa Mky fn;kA fdUrq ;q¼ dkaM ds fooj.k esa Jh jke lhrk
fy;k vkSj pUæek ds leku pedhyk p¡oj Mqykuk vkjEHk fd;kA migkjksa dk Hkh dks gkj nsrs gSa vkSj mudh vuqefr ls lhrk bls guqeku dks çnku djrh gSa D;ksfa d
vknku&çnku gqvkA nsojkt bUæ dh çsj.kk ls ok;qnos us lkS lqo.kZe; deyksa ls mudh n`f"V ls guqeku gh ml migkj ds fy, lc ls mi;qDr ik= FksA Jh jke
cuh gqbZ ,d nhIr ekyk vkSj ef.k;ksa ls foHkwf"kr eqDr gkj jktk jke dks HksVa fd;kA lhrk ls dgrs gS]a ß,sls O;fDr dks pquks] ftlesa ;s Js"B xq.k fo|eku gksAa Þ guqeku
Jh jke us Hkh viuh vksj ls cgqr dqN fn;kA igys czkã.kksa dks ,d yk[k ?kksMÛ]s dks gh pquk D;ksfa d muesa rst] ?k`fr] ;'k] prqjrk] 'kfDr] fou;] uhfr] iq#"kkFkZ]
mruh gh nw/k nsus okyh xk; vkSj lkS lkaM nku esa fn,A rhu djksMÛ lqo.Z k eqæk;sa ijkØe ;s lc xq.k fo|eku FksA
rFkk ukuk çdkj ds cgqeYw ; vkHkw"k.k vkSj oL= Hkh czkã.kksa dks ck¡VAs ;g forj.k ,d va'k dh vksj eSa /;ku fnykuk pkgrk gw¡A ;g mÙkj dkaM esa gSA
uxj ds lgòksa LFkkuksa ij gqvk gksxkA tSls iwoZ esa mYys[k gks pqdk gS] mÙke ef.k;ksa
ls ;qDr eqDrgkj] ftls ok;qnos us HksVa fd;k Fkk] Jh jke us lhrk ds xys esa Mky ÑrçlknkLrsuoS a jk?kos.k egkReukA
tXeq% Loa Loa x`gs losZ nsgh nsgfeo R;tu~AA VII.40.29
fn;kA Jh jke dh vuqefr ls lhrk us og eqDr gkj vius xys ls mrkj dj guqeku
ßegkRek Jh jke ds bl çdkj Ïik ,oa çlékrkiwod Z fonk nsus ij os lc
dks HksVa dj fn;kA
okuj mnkl gq, vius&vius ?kj x,] tSls thokRek mnkl gksdj 'kjhj NksMÛ dj
vc dfo lekjksg lekiu ij vkrk gSA lc vfrfFk;ksa us Jh jke dh vuqefr
ijyksd dks tkrh gSAÞ
ls fonk yhA ç/kku ,oa Js"B okujksa dk ;Fkk;ksX; lRdkj Hkh cgqeYw ; vkHkw"k.kksa vkSj
oL=ksa }kjk fd;k x;kA lc okuj cgqewY; migkj ysdj çlékfpÙk fonk gq,A iwoZ dh Hkk¡fr ;gk¡ Hkh ,d miek dk ç;ksx fd;k x;k gSA og miek dkQÛh
foHkh"k.k us Hkh vius dqy /ku dks çkIr djds çLFkku fd;kA vfHkO;atd gSA Jh jke vkSj lhrk rFkk vU; Js"B iq#"kksa ls fonk ysrs le; çR;sd
foHkh"k.kks·fi /kekZRek lg rSuaS_r Z` "kZHkS%A
O;fDr dk eu vR;Ur mnkl Fkk] tSlk fd 'kjhj ls vkRek fcNqMÛus ij gksrk gSA
yC/ok dqy/kua jktk y³~dka çk;kf}Hkh"k.k%AA VI.131.90 fojys gh çlékrk iwod Z viuk 'kjhj R;kx djrs gSAa ml le; iwjs gks'k esa gksus ij Hkh
/kekZRek foHkh"k.k Hkh vius dqy dk /ku (vFkkZr yadk dk jkT;] tks muds O;Fkk ls xyk #a/k tkrk gSA vr,o] dfo dgrk gS fd çR;sd O;fDr us tc Jh jke
dqy dk oSHko Fkk) ikdj vius Js"B fu'kkpjksa ds lkFk yadkiqjh pys x,A ls fonk yh] rks ,slk yxrk Fkk ekuks thokRek 'kjhj ls fonk ys jgk gksA
bl çdkj] vc vfHk"ksd lekjksg dk fooj.k lekIr gks x;kA ;g ge cMÛh
,d Vhdkdkj dk er gS ;gk¡ dqy dk vFkZ gS] b{okdq dqy lsA ;fn ge çlékrk dh ckr gS fd O;k[;kuekyk dh lekfIr vfHk"ksd ls gqbAZ eSa vius çfr
fdaonUrh ij fo'okl djs]a rks ,slh ekU;rk gS fd Jh jke jke ds egy esa ,d lpeqp esa fu"Bkghu gksÅ¡xk] ;fn eSa fcuk ml Hkkouk dks O;Dr fd;s gh bl fcUnq
fo'kky jaxukFk dh ewfÙk FkhA og migkj :i esa foHkh"k.k dks nh xbZA dqN yksxksa dk dks lekIr dj nw¡] tks loksiZ fj esjs vUrjre esa gS vFkkZr~ lPps vfHk"ksd dk LFkku
,slk dguk gS] fdUrq xzUFk esa bl ckr dk dksbZ vk/kkj ughaA ;q¼ dkaM ds vUr esa rks gekjs ân; esa gh gSA Jh jke vkSj lhrk vfHk"kDr gksdj gekjs ân; ds flagklu
fn, fooj.k vkSj mÙkj dkaM ds fooj.k esa FkksMÛh fHkékrk gSA mÙkj dkaM ds vuqlkj] ij lnk fojkteku jgsAa os gekjh fpÙko`fÙk;ksa dks fu;af=r djds gekjs thou dks
foHkh"k.k vfHk"ksd ds ckn v;ks/;k esa Jh jke ds lkFk Ng eghus vFkok iwjs o"kZ Bgjs O;ofLFkr djsAa ;fn thou ds egRoiw.kZ {k.kksa esa ge mudk Lej.k djs]a rks ge
jgsA egf"kZ vxLR; ls fHkék&fHkék dFkk;sa lquhaA mUgksua s ijUrq] ,d Vhdkdj cMÛh dnkfi ekxZP;qr ugha gks ldrsA eSa dsoy ,d Hkkoqdrkiw.kZ fcUnq ij lekIr djuk
prqjkbZ ls dgrk gS fd ;q¼ dkaM esa of.kZr fonkbZ dk mís'; gS fd dkaM dh lekfIr ugha pkgrk] vfirq lpeqp eSa ;g ekurk gw¡ fd brus fnuksa rd lkFk&lkFk
vPNs <axa ls gks vkSj ;g fdlh okLrfod fonkbZ gSA be ls ;q¼ dkaM ds fooj.k dh ^jkek;.k* ds v/;;u ds i'pkr~] ge ;g n`<Û fu'p; cuk;sa fd bl v/;;u dk
518 jkek;.k ds T;ksfr&LrEHk

gekjs lEiw.kZ thou vkSj LoHkko ij fpjLFkkbZ fgrdkjh çHkko cuk jgsA geus bl
dkO; dk v/;;u dsoy ,d dkO; dh vFkkZr lkfgfR;d n`f"V ls ugha fd;kA geus
bldk v/;;u vius thou dks iquhr cukus ds lk/ku ds :i esa fd;k gSA ;fn ge
vU; ik=ksa dh ckr Hkh u djs]a rks de ls de Jh jke vkSj lhrk dks çk;% ekuoh;
xq.kksa dh iw.kZrk ls lEiék vkn'kZ uk;d vkSj ukf;dk ekuk tkrk gSA geus bldk
v/;;u thou dks Å¡pk mBkus ds fy;s fd;k gSA ;g Hkko rks vR;Ur lqUnj gS]
fdUrq bldks lgh ifjçs{; esa le>us ds fy;s ,d 'krZ gS] ftls vo'; tksMÛuk
iMÛsxkA ;g iw.kZrk vkjEHk ls gh fo|eku ugha FkhA ;g 'kuS% 'kuS% pj.kØe ls
fodflr gqbAZ jke ds lEcU/k esa dqN tkudkjh gesa muds tUe ls iwoZ gh feyuh
vkjEHk gks tkrh gSA tUe ls gh ge mudh thou ;k=k esa fnypLih ysus yxrs gSAa
muds thou esa cMÛh&cMÛh ?kVuk,¡ ?kVha vkSj mUgsa vusd ijh{kkvksa esa ls xqtÛjuk iMÛk]
vusd foifÙk;ksa dk lkeuk djuk iMÛk] muds thou esa vusd mrkj&p<Ûko vk,A
muds HkkX; esa cMÛs cMÛs ifjorZu vk;sA D;k ,slk lkspuk LokHkkfod gksxk fd muds
pfj= ij budk dksbZ çHkko ugha iMÛk\ D;k os tSls vkjEHk esa Fks] vUr rd oSls gh
jgs\ okLrfod thou esa ,slk ugha gksrkA thou ,slk [ksy ugha gSA ekuo ix&ix ij
lh[krk gS] çR;sd ?kVuk&pØ thou ij viuh Nki NksMÛ tkrk gSA foifÙk ,d
çdkj dh f'k{kk nsrh gS] le`f¼ nwljs çdkj dhA tks dqN Hkh ?kVrk gksrk gS] vo';
gh mldh ,d LFkk;h Nki gekjh çÏfr ij iMÛ tkrh gSa vr% ;gh rdZlxa r gksxk
fd ge Jh jke ds lEcU/k esa Hkh ,slk gh lkspsa fd os viuh iw.kZrk dh vksj
dÛne&dÛne c<Ûkrs pysA ge Jh jke vkSj lhrk ds thou vkSj mudh vxzxfr ls
ykHk mBk;sax]s ;fn ge muds thou dh çR;sd ?kVuk] çR;sd çlax ij /;ku nsa] ;g
ns[kus dh bPNk ls fd fdl&fdl çlax dh çfrfØ;k D;k&D;k gqb]Z rks gesa ykHk
gksxk] vU;Fkk gesa bl dkO; ls dksbZ fo'ks"k f'k{kk ugha feysxhA rÙor% ;g egkdkO;
ekuo çÏfr dk nLrkostÛ gSA egf"kZ okYehfd ekuo çÏfr ds fo'ks"kK gSaA os
lw{ekfrlw{e euksHkkoksa ds Kkrk FksA blfy, os /khjs&/khjs gesa lkFk ysdj pyrsa gSAa
laoknksa dks lfoLrkj fyfic¼ djrs gSAa tc ge uk;d vkSj ukf;dk ds ml igyw
ij /;ku nsa fd os thou esa vusd d"V >syrs gq, Hkh vkSj vius lkSHkkX; dk Hkh
vkuUn ysrs gq,] thou ds mrkj&p<Ûko ls xqtÛjrs gq,] os fdl çdkj ykHkkfUor
gksrs gS]a dsoy rc gh ge ^jkek;.k* ds v/;;u ls ykHk mBk ldrs gSAa iqu% eSa
vR;Ur J¼kiwod Z dgrk gw¡ fd ge dnkfi Jh jke vkSj lhrk ds ân; ls nwj u djsa
vkSj çcy bPNk ls iwjs euks;ksx ls musd vudj.kh; vkn'kksZa ds :i dks viuk;sAa
rHkh ;g dgk tk ldrk gS fd ;g le; tks geus lkFk&lkFk vkB ekl rd fcrk;k
gS] mldh lkFkZdrk gS] vkSj bu vkB eghuksa us gesa çpqj vk/;kfRed ,oa ckSf¼d
ykHk fn;k gSA

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jkek;.

'Lectures on the Ramayana'

v/;k; fo"k; i`"B

7. lkrok¡ v/;k; jke 93

8. vkBok¡ v/;k; jke 106

9. uok¡ v/;k; jke 116

10. nlok¡ v/;k; jke 134

11. X;kjgok¡ v/;k; jke 158

12. ckjgok¡ v/;k; jke 180

13. rsjgok¡ v/;k; Hkjr 206

14. pkSngok¡ v/;k; lqxzho 230

16. lksygok¡ v/;k; foHkh"k.k 257 çLrkouk

18. vëkjgok¡ v/;k; guqeku 286

19. mékhlok¡ v/;k; guqeku 298

jke dk vfUre mÙkj---- ^ge ou esa çlék jgsaxs*----

* nsf[k, v-13, i`-220.

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