Case Study

Charles, a 75-year old overweight

man, has arrived at the general
practice clinic where you are
currently working. He is
breathless, has visible peripheral
oedema, and tachycardia. Two
years ago Charles was diagnosed
with chronic heart failure as a
result of ischaemic
cardiomyopathy and hypertension
but states that in the past few
days he has felt increasingly
unwell.

Based on the case,

choose three references from the
reference list below which you
believe best summarise the
evidence for the management of Charles’ condition.
References

Faris, R. F., Flather, M., Purcell, H., Poole–Wilson, P. A., & Coates, A. J. S. (2006).
Diuretics for heart failure. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2006(1), 1-23.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD003838.pub2
Gorthi, J., Huntera, C. B., Mooss , A. N., Alla, V. M., & Hilleman, D. E. (2014). Reducing
heart failure hospital readmissions: A systematic review of disease management
programs. Cardiology Research, 5, 126-138. http://dx.doi.org/10.14740/cr362w
Guo, R., Pittler, M., & Ernst, E. (2008). Hawthorn extract for treating chronic heart
failure. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2008(1), 1-31.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD005312.pub2
McMurray, J. J., Adamopoulos, S., Anker, S., Auricchio, A., Bohm, M., Dickstein, K., …
Zeiher, A. (2012). ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic
heart failure 2012. European Heart Journal, 33, 1787-1847.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurjhf/hfs105
Molloy, G. J., O’Carroll, R. E., Witham, M. D., & McMurdo, M. E. T. (2012). Interventions
to enhance adherence to medications in patients with heart failure: A systematic
review. Circulation Heart Failure, 5, 126-133.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.111.964569
Murray, M. D., Tu, W., Wu, J., Morrow, D., Smith, F., & Brater, D. C. (2009). Factors
associated with exacerbation of heart failure include treatment adherence and health
literacy skills. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 85, 651-658.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/clpt.2009.7
Rees, K., Dyakova, M., Wilson, N., Ward, K., Thorogood, M., & Brunner, E. (2013).
Dietary advice for reducing cardiovascular risk. Cochrane Database of Systematic
Reviews, 2013(12), 1-113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD002128.pub5
Sagar, V. A., Davies, E. J., Briscoe, S., Coates, A. J. S., Dalal, H. M., Lough, F., …
Taylor, R. S. (2015). Exercise-based rehabilitation for heart failure: Systematic review
and meta-analysis. Open Heart, 2, 1-12. Retrieved from
http://openheart.bmj.com/content/openhrt/2/1/e000163.full.pdf
Strömberg, A., Mårtensson, J., Fridlund, B., Levin, L-A., Karlsson, J-E., & Dahlström, U.
(2003). Nurse-led heart failure clinics improve survival and self-care behaviour in
patients with heart failure: Results from a prospective, randomised trial. European Heart
Journal, 24, 1014-1023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0195-668X(03)00112-X
Takeda, A., Taylor, S. J. C., Taylor, R. S., Khan, F., Krum, H., & Underwood, M. (2012).
Clinical service organisation for heart failure. Cochrane Database of Systematic
Reviews, 2012(9), 1-158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD002752.pub3
Wu, J-R., Corley, D. J., Lennie, T. A., & Moser, D. K. (2012). Effect of a medication-
taking behavior feedback theory-based intervention on outcomes in patients with heart
failure. Journal of Cardiac Failure, 18(1), 1-9.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2011.09.006
http://openheart.bmj.com/content/2/1/e000163