DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY

FACULTY OF SCIENCE & MATHEMATICS

UNIVERSITI PENDIDIKAN SULTAN IDRIS

SBL 1023
LABORATORY TECHNIQUE
IN BIOCHEMISTRY

STUDENT’S NAME NAZIRA BINTI NASLAMROS

LECTURER’S NAME ASSOC.PROF SHAKINAZ DESA
MATRIC NO E20161013757
DATE 29th NOVEMBWE 2017
LABORATORY MP 13
Introduction
Acid-base titration is the determination of the concentration of an acid or base by the

concentration of an acid or base by exactly neutralizing the acid or base with an acid or base

of known concentration. This allows for quantitative analysis of the concentration of an

unknown acid or base solution. It makes use of the neutralization reaction that occur between

acid and base. End point is a stage that show the completion of a particular reaction is known

as end point. Equivalent point is a stage in which amount of reagent added is exactly and

stoichiometrically equivalent to the amount of the reacting substance in the titrated solution.

The end point is detected by some physical change produced by the solution, by itself or

indicator. End point is usually detected only after adding a slight excess of the titrant.

Indicator is a chemical reagent that used to recognize the attainment of end point in a titration.

After the reaction between the substance and the standard solution is complete, the indicator

will give clear colour change.

Objective

1. Compute the concentration of an unknown acid or base given with the volume of

standardized titrant.

2. To construct acid-base titration curves in a very similar way.

3. To use the generated titration curves to determine the concentration of some analytes

in common sample.
Procedure:
1. The burette was filled with 0.1 M Sodium chloride. 25.00 ml of 0.1M acetic acid was pipetted

into a 250 ml beaker and 3-4 drop of phenolphthalein indicator was added to the solution.

2. The solution was titrated by adding sodium chloride titrant in 2 ml increment. The beaker

was swirled carefully.

3. The solution added by sodium chloride drop to drop and the light pink colour reached. The

PH of the solution in the beaker was tested by PH meter to get the reading of PH every 2 ml

dropped.

Data and Result

Phosphoric Acid vs Sodium Chloride

volume of titrant PH
0 0
2 1.43
4 1.52
6 1.65
8 1.8
10 1.78
12 1.96
14 1.98
16 2.01
18 2.16
20 2.25
22 2.31
24 2.36
26 2.39
28 2.53
30 2.67
32 2.85
34 3.02
36 3.42
38 4.78
40 5.64
42 5.96
44 6.16
46 6.32
48 6.45
50 6.57
52 6.7
54 6.78
56 6.88
58 6.97
60 7.07
62 7.19
64 7.29
66 7.43
68 7.6
70 7.8
72 8.11
73.5 8.58
75.5 10.11
77.5 10.55
79.5 10.84
Acetic Acid Vs Sodium Chloride

volume of titrant ( ml) PH

0 0
2 3.18
4 3.67
6 3.9
8 4.09
10 4.37
12 4.53
14 4.73
16 4.9
18 5.08
20 5.38
22 6.06
24 11.27
26 11.7
28 11.9
Calculation:
Acetic acid :
c c 푁翿 c c 푁翿 c

Pka = -log ( ka )
Pka = 8.67
th a
Ka = Ro
Ͳ
Ka = hh ht

Phosphoric Acid :
c 푁翿 c 푁翿c c

Pka = - log (ka)

Pka = 4.53
h݃
Ka = Ro
݃
Ka = 2.95 ht
Discussion:

The main reaction in the series of acid-base titration is neutralization. During

neutralization, the acid and base reacts to form a salt and water. As the all the

reactants are colourless, an appropriate indicators must be added to indicate the colour

change at the end point.

For experiment weak acid-strong base titration, phenolphthalein had chosen. Acetic

Acid was weak acid and sodium chloride is strong base. At equivalence point, the

resulting solution contain only c 푁翿. Thus, salt hydrolysis occurs at the PH at

equivalence point is ( > 7 ). Phenolphthalein changes the colour at a PH range of o

(6.06-11.27). The colour phenolphthalein change the colour from colourless to light

pink.

For experiment strong acid-strong base titration, the phenolphthalein are used.

Phosphoric acid was strong acid and the sodium chloride was strong base. At

equivalence point, the resulting solution contain only 푁翿c . Thus salt hydrolysis

occurs at the PH equivalence point is ( ah. Phenolphthalein change the colour at

only at PH range of (3.42-5.64). the colour of phenolphthalein change from colourless

to light pink.

While titrating, the conical flask has to be swirled constantly throughout to ensure

that the content are mixed evenly. Also, some titrant may drip onto the sides of the

conical flask and may not react with the solution in the conical flask. This reduces the

accuracy of the result as extra titrant would be used to achieved the equivalence point.

To prevent this, deionised water can be used to wash down the unreacted titrant when

nearing the equivalence point and the conical flask should be swirled before

continuing with the titration.

Conclusion :

The purpose of this experiment is to determine equivalence point of the reaction. At the

equivalence point is occurs when an equal number of moles of acid and base are mixed , the

PH of solution is change drastically, as the solution is being flooded by sodium chloride. The

ka of acetic acidic ( 2.14 ht Ͳ h lower than the phosphoric acid (2.95 ht ݃ h. This is

because the phosphoric acid is the strong acid and required the higher concentration in the

solution.

Reference :

1. http://chemistry.about.com/od/chemistryquicreview/a/titrationcalc.htm

2. http://www.chm.davidson.edu/vce/kinetics/Half-life.html

3. http://www.chemguide.co.uk/physical/acidbaseeqia/indicators.html