Tajikistan Research Bibliography

Compiled by Christian Bleuer

September 2010
 Tajikistan Research Bibliography
English Publications
Working Draft

For updated version visit:

http://tajikistanresearch.org/bibliography/

Compiled by Christian Bleuer

Christian.Bleuer@anu.edu.au

September 2010

Suggestions for additional sources appreciated

Sections

Introduction………………………………
1. History……………………………………
2. Identity
(a) Tajik Identity………………………….
(b) Ethnic Minorities……………………...
3. Religion…………………………………...
4. Civil War………………………………….
5. Post-Conflict………………………………
6. Foreign relations…………………………..
7. Social Issues……………………………….
8. Gender……………………………………..
9. Education………………………………....
Introduction

This working draft is an attempt to catalogue the publications in English that focus on
Tajikistan. English language sources on Tajikistan are weak in some areas, especially in
regards to the Soviet era. This bibliography is for publications in social sciences, history,
area studies, government and policy.

I am also cataloguing sources in Russian and Tajiki. A complete bibliography should be

released by later this year. For an updated version, please visit:
http://tajikistanresearch.org/bibliography/

Christian Bleuer
September 2010

1. History

Abdullaev, Kamoludin, and Shahram Akbarzadeh. 2010. Historical dictionary of

Tajikistan. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press.

Abdoullaev, Kamoludin. 1994. ‘Central Asian Emigres in Afghanistan: First Wave,

1920-31’, Central Asia Monitor, No. 4&5.

Bashiri, Iraj, and Askaralī Rajabov. 2002. Prominent Tajik figures of the twentieth
century. MN: International Borbad Foundation.

Bergne, Paul. 2007. The Birth of Tajikistan: National Identity and the Origins of the
Republic. London/New York: I. B. Tauris.

Brown, Bess. 1990. ‘Unrest in Tajikistan’, RFE/RL Report on the USSR (February).

Bushkov, V. I. 2000. ‘Population Migration in Tajikistan: Past and Present’, JCAS

Symposium Series, No. 9.

Bushkov, V. I. 1993. ‘Population of Northern Tajikistan (1870-1990)’, in State, Religion

and Society in Central Asia: A Post Soviet Critique, edited by Vitaly Naumkin. Reading:
Ithaca Press.

Centlivres, Pierre and Micheline Centlivres-Demont. 1997. ‘Tajikistan and Afghanistan:

The Ethnic Groups on Either Side of the Border’, in Tajikistan: The Trials of
Independence. Mohammad-Reza Djalili, Frederic Grare and Shirin Akiner (eds.). New
York: St. Martin’s Press.

Dodkhudoyev, Nazarsho. 1959. Tajikistan: Land of Sunshine. Soviet Booklet No. 60/L,
London.
Donovan, Leslie. 2007. Causes and consequences of 1970-1971 forced migration of the
Yaghnobis in the Tajik SSR. MA, California State University. PDF

Dudoignon, Stephane A. 2000. ‘The Role of Migrant Communities in the Politics of

Central Asia: Prolegomenas for Further Comparative Studies: The Cases of Tajikistan
and Tatarstan in the 1980s’, JCAS Symposium Series, No. 9

Goyette, Arthur Vincent. 1974. Ideology and industrial development: the case of Soviet
Central Asia. PhD dissertation, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.

Hammer, Michel. 1997. ‘Perestroika as seen by some Tajik Historians’, in Tajikistan:

The Trials of Independence. Mohammad-Reza Djalili, Frederic Grare and Shirin Akiner
(editors). New York: St. Martin’s Press.

Human Rights Watch. 1991. ‘Conflict in the Soviet Union: Tadzhikistan’, New York.

Marsa, Gerald and Yochanan Altman. 1986. ‘The cultural bases of soviet central Asia’s
second economy (Uzbekistan and Tajikistan)’, Central Asian Survey, 5(3/4).

Naby, E. 1978. ‘Bobodzhon Gafurovich Gafurov, 1908-1977’, Slavic Review, 37(2).

Niyazi, Aziz. 1993. ‘The Year of Tumult: Tajikistan after February 1990’, in State,
Religion and Society in Central Asia: A Post Soviet Critique, edited by Vitaly Naumkin.
Reading: Ithaca Press.

Nourzhanov, Kirill. 1997. Politics and change in Tajikistan. PhD dissertation, Australian
National University.

Nourzhanov, Kirill. 2008. ‘Reassessing the Basmachi: warlords without ideology?’

Journal of South Asia and Middle East Studies, Vol. 31, No. 3.

Penati, Beatrice. 2007. ‘The Reconquest of East Bukhara: the struggle against the
Basmachi as a prelude to Sovietization’, Central Asia Survey, Vol. 26, No. 4.

Rakowska-Harmstone, Teresa. 1970. Russia and Nationalism in Central Asia: The Case
of Tadzhikistan. Baltimore/London: The Johns Hopkins Press.

Riordan, John P. 2008. ‘Red DIME: Dissecting the Bolshevik Liquidation Campaign in
the Ferghana Valley against the Basmachi Resistance’, SAMS Monograph. PDF

Ritter, William S. 1990. ‘Revolt in the Mountains: Fuzail Maksum and the Occupation of
Garm, Spring 1929’, Journal of Contemporary History, Vol. 25, No. 4.

Ritter, William S. 1985. ‘The Final Phase in the Liquidation of Anti-Soviet Resistance in
Tadzhikistan: Ibrahim Bek and the Basmachi, 1924-31’, Soviet Studies, Vol. 37(4).
Roy, Olivier. 2000. The New Central Asia: The Creation of Nations. New York: NYU
Press.

2. Identity

(a) Tajik ethnic identity, Nationalism, ethnogenesis and historiography:

Abashin, Sergei. 2003. ‘The transformation of ethnic identity in Central Asia: a case
study of the Uzbeks and Tajiks’, Russian Regional Perspectives Journal, Vol. 1(2).

Atkin, Muriel. 1994. ‘Tajiks and the Persian World’, in Central Asia in Historical
Perspective. Edited by Beatrice F. Manz. Oxford: Westview Press.

Atkin, Muriel. 1993. ‘Tajik national identity’, Iranian Studies, Vol. 26, No. 1.

Atkin, Muriel. 1993. ‘Tajikistan: Ancient Heritage, New Politics’, in Nations and Politics
in the Soviet Successor States. Ian Bremmer and R. Taras (Editors). Cambridge,
Cambridge University Press.

Beeman, William O. 1999. ‘The Struggle for Identity in Post-Soviet Tajikistan’, Middle
East Review of International Affairs, Vol. 3, No. 4.

Bekhradnia, Shahin. 1994. ‘The Tajik case for a Zoroastrian identity’, Religion, State and
Society, Volume 22, Issue 1.

Blakkisrud, Helge, and Shahnoza Nozimova. 2010. ‘History writing and nation building
in post-independence Tajikistan’, Nationalities Papers, Vol. 38, No. 2.

Bosworth, C.E. and B.G. Fragner. 2009. ‘Tadjik’, in Encyclopaedia of Islam. 2nd Edition.
Edited by P. Bearman , Th. Bianquis , C.E. Bosworth , E. van Donzel and W.P.
Heinrichs. Netherlands: Brill.

Chika, Obiya. 2001. ‘When Faizulla Khojaev Decided to Be an Uzbek’, in Islam and
Politics in Russia and Central Asia (Early Eighteenth to Late Twentieth Centuries).
Stéphane Dudoignon and Komatsu Hisao (editors). London/New York: Kegan Paul.

Hickson, Jill E. 2003. ‘Using Law to Create National Identity: The course to democracy
in Tajikistan’, Texas International Law Journal, Vol. 38 (Spring).
Jahangiri, Guissou. 1997. ‘The Premises for the Construction of a Tajik National Identity,
1920-1930’, in Tajikistan: The Trials of Independence. Mohammad-Reza Djalili,
Frederic Grare and Shirin Akiner (editors). New York: St. Martin’s Press.

Jernudd, Bjorn. 1965. ‘The Language Situation in Tadzhik SSR’, Anthropological

Linguistics, Vol. 7, No. 3, Part II.

Kayani, Saima Ashraf. 2006. Islam and Nationalism in Tajikistan. PhD dissertation,
Quaid-i-Azam University. PDF

Laruelle, Marlene. 2007. ‘The Return of the Aryan Myth: Tajikistan in Search of a
Secularized National Ideology’, Nationalities Papers, Vol. 35, No. 1.

Levi, Scott C. 2007. ‘Turk and Tajik in Central Asian History’, in Everyday Life in
Central Asia. J. Sahadeo and R. Zanca (Eds). Bloomington: Indiana University Press.

Marat, Erica. 2008. ‘National Ideology and Statebuilding in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan’,
Silk Road Paper. PDF

Markowitz, L. 2008. ‘How master frames mislead: division and eclipse of nationalist
movements in Uzbekistan and Tajikistan’, Ethnic and Racial Studies, 32(4).

Nourzhanov, Kirill. 2001. ‘The Politics of History in Tajikistan: Reinventing the

Samanids’, Harvard Asia Quarterly, Vol. 5, No. 1.

Rahmonov, Emomali. 2001. The Tajiks in the Mirror of History: From the Aryans to the
Samanids. Guernsey, United Kingdom: London River Editions.

Schoeberlein-Engel, John S. 1994. Identity in Central Asia: Construction and contention

in the conceptions of "Ozbek," "Tajik," "Muslim," "Samarqandi" and other groups. PhD
dissertation, Harvard University.

Subtelny, Maria Eva. 1994. ‘The Symbiosis of Turk and Tajik’, in Central Asia in
Historical Perspective. Edited by B. F. Manz. Oxford: Westview Press.

Spinetti, Federico. Music, politics and identity in post-Soviet Tajikistan. PhD, University
of London, 2006.

Wennberg, Franz. 2002. ‘The Globality of Tajik Nationalisms: A Research Note’,

Central Asian Survey, Vol. 21, No. 4.
(b) Ethnic minorities, interethnic relations and identity

Abashin, Sergei. 2003. ‘The transformation of ethnic identity in Central Asia: a case
study of the Uzbeks and Tajiks’, Russian Regional Perspectives Journal, Vol. 1(2).

Bleuer, Christian. 2007. Uzbeks Versus the Center: Mobilization as an Ethnic Minority in
the Tajikistan and Afghanistan Civil Wars. MA, Indiana University. PDF

Bozrikova, T. N. 2004. ‘Problems of Ethnic Minorities in Tajikistan’, Working Paper

prepared for the UN OHCHR. Word Doc

Fumagalli, Matteo. 2007. ‘Framing ethnic minority mobilisation in Central Asia: The
cases of the Uzbeks in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan’, Europe-Asia Studies, Vol. 59 (4).

Fumagalli, Matteo. 2005. The Dynamics of Uzbek Ethno-political Mobilization in

Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan: 1991-2003. PhD dissertation. University of Edinburgh.

Hierman, Brent. 2010. ‘What use was the election to us? Clientelism and political trust
amongst ethnic Uzbeks in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan’, Nationalities Papers, Vol. 38(2).

Olimov, M. A. and Saodat Olimova. 2002 ‘Ethnic Factors and Local Self-Government in
Tajikistan’, in Valery Tishkov and Elena Filippova (editors) Local Governance and
Minority Empowerment in the CIS. Budapest: LGI Books/ Open Society Institute.

Schoeberlein-Engel, John S. 1994. Identity in Central Asia: Construction and contention

in the conceptions of "Ozbek," "Tajik," "Muslim," "Samarqandi" and other groups. PhD
dissertation, Harvard University.

Schoeberlein-Engel, John. 1994. ‘Conflicts in Tajikistan and Central Asia: The Myth of
Ethnic Animosity’, Harvard Middle Eastern and Islamic Review, Vol. 1, No. 2.
3. Religion

Abashin, Sergei. 2006. ‘The logic of Islamic practice: a religious conflict in Central
Asia’, Central Asian Survey, Vol. 25, No. 3.

Arabov, Oumar. 2004. ‘A note on Sufism in Tajikistan: what does it look like?’, Central
Asian Survey, Vol. 23, No. 3-4.

Atkin, Muriel. 1995. ‘Islam as Faith Politics and Bogeyman in Tajikistan’, The Politics of
Religion in Russia and the New States of Eurasia. Michael Bourdeaux (editor).
London/New York: M.E. Sharpe.

Atkin, Muriel. 1989. ‘The Survival of Islam in Soviet Tajikistan’, The Middle East
Journal, Vol. 43, No. 4.

Atkin, Muriel. 1989. The Subtlest Battle: Islam in Soviet Tajikistan. Philadelphia: Foreign
Policy Research Institute.

De Cordier, Bruno. 2008. ‘Islamic faith-based development organizations in former

Soviet Muslim environments: The Mountain Societies Development Support Programme
in the Rasht valley, Tajikistan’, Central Asian Survey, Vol. 27, No. 2.

Dudoignon, Stephane. 2004. ‘Local Lore, the Transmission of Learning, and Communal
Identity in Late 20th-Century Tajikistan’, in Devout Societies vs. Impious States?
Transmitting Islamic Learning in Russia, Central Asia and China, through the Twentieth
Century. Stephane Dudoignon (Editor). Berlin: Klaus Schwarz Verlag.

Epkenhans, Tim. 2009. ‘Regulating religion in Post-Soviet Central Asia: Some remarks
on Religious Association Law and ‘official’ Islamic institutions in Tajikistan’, Security
and Human Rights, No. 1.

Gretsky, Sergei. 1994. “Profile: Qadi Akbar Turajonzoda,” Central Asia Monitor, 1.

Iloliev, Abdulmamad. 2008. ‘Popular culture and religious metaphor: saints and shrines
in Wakhan region of Tajikistan’, Central Asian Survey, Volume 27, Issue 1.
Karagiannis, Emmanuel. 2006. ‘The challenge of radical Islam in Tajikistan: Hizb ut
Tahrir al-Islami’, Nationalities Papers, Vol. 34, No. 1.

Kayani, Saima Ashraf. 2006. Islam and Nationalism in Tajikistan. PhD dissertation,
Quaid-i-Azam University. PDF

Makhamov, M. 1994. ‘Islam and the political development of Tajikistan after 1985’, in
Central Asia: Strategic Importance and Future Prospects. Hafeez Malik (editor).
Basingstoke: Macmillan.
Marshallsay, Zaniah. 2009. ‘The State and Islam in Kazakhstan and Tajikistan: Managing
religion in a secular environment’, Paper presented to the Australasian Political Studies
Association Annual Conference. PDF

Martin, Keith. 1997. ‘Regional and Religious Politics in Uzbekistan and Tajikistan: Some
Preliminary Notes’, Demokratizatsiya, Vol. 5, No. 3.

Mullojonov, Parviz. 2001. ‘The Islamic Clergy in Tajikistan since the End of the Soviet
Period’, in S.A. Dudoignon and K. Hisao (eds.), Islam in Politics in Russia and Central
Asia (Early Eighteenth to Late Twentieth Centuries), New York: Kegan Paul.

Niiazi, A. and S. Lang. 1997. ‘Islam in Tajikistan’, Anthropology & Archeology of

Eurasia, Vol. 36, No 2.

Niyazi, Aziz. 1999. ‘Islam and Tajikistan’s Human and Ecological Crisis’, in M. H.
Ruffin and D. C. Waugh (eds.), Civil Society in Central Asia. Seattle: University of
Washington Press.

Niyazi, Aziz. 1998. ‘Islam in Tajikistan: Tradition and modernity’, Religion, State and
Society, Vol. 26, No. 1.

Olimova, Saodat and Muzaffar Olimov. 2001. ‘The Islamic Renaissance Party’, in K.
Abdullaev and C. Barnes (eds.), Politics of Compromise: The Tajikistan Peace Process.
London: Conciliation Resources.

Poliakov, Sergei P. 1992. Everyday Islam: Religion and Tradition in Rural Central Asia.
London: M. E. Sharpe.

Steinberg, Jonah. 2006. The anatomy of the Transnation: The globalization of the Isma`ili
Muslim community. PhD dissertation, University of Pennsylvania.

Stephan, Manja. 2007. ‘'You Come to Us Like a Black Cloud': Universal versus Local
Islam in Tajikistan’, in The Postsocialist Religious Question: Faith and Power in Central
Asia and East-Central Europe. CM Hann (Editor). Berlin: Lit.

Turajonzoda, Qadi Akbar. 1995. ‘Religion: The Pillar of Society’, in Central Asia:
Conflict, Resolution and Change. Roald Sagdeev and Susan Eisenhower (Editors). Chevy
Chase, MD: Center for Post-Soviet Studies.

Yilmaz, Ihsan. 2009. ‘An Islamist Party, Constraints, Opportunities and Transformation
to Post-Islamism: The Tajik Case’, Uluslararası Hukuk ve Politika, Cilt 5, Sayı 18 . PDF
4. Civil War

Abdullaev, K. N., and Catherine Barnes. 2001. Politics of compromise: the Tajikistan
peace process. London: Conciliation Resources.

Abdullo, Rashid. G. 2001. ‘Implementation of the 1997 General Agreement’, in Politics

of Compromise: The Tajikistan Peace Process. Kamoludin Abdullaev and Catharine
Barnes (editors). London: Conciliation Resources.

Akbarzadeh, Shahram. 1997. Nation-building in Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and

Uzbekistan. PhD dissertation, La Trobe University.

Akbarzadeh, Shahram. 1996. ‘Why Did Nationalism Fail in Tajikistan?’, Europe-Asia

Studies, Vol. 48, No. 7.

Akcali, Pinar. 1998. Identity politics and political mobilization in Central Asia: The case
of the Islamic Renaissance Party (IRP). PhD dissertation, Miami University.

Akhmedov, S. ‘Tajikistan II: The Regional Conflict in Confessional and International

Context’, in Conflicting Loyalties and the State in Post-Soviet Russia and Eurasia. M.
Waller, B. Coppieters and A. Malashenko (editors). London: Frank Cass.

Akiner, Shirin and Catharine Barnes. 2001. ‘The Tajik Civil War: Causes and Dynamics’,
in Politics of Compromise: The Tajikistan Peace Process. Kamoludin Abdullaev and
Catharine Barnes (editors). London: Conciliation Resources.

Akiner, Shirin. 2001. Tajikistan: Disintegration or Reconciliation? London: RIIA.

Amnesty International. 1993. Tadzhikistan: compilation document. New York, N.Y.

Anderson, John. 1997. ‘Islam, ethnicity and regional conflict: the case of Tajikistan’,
chapter in The International Politics of Central Asia. Manchester: Manchester University
Press.

Atkin, Muriel. 1997. ‘Tajikistan’s Civil War’, Current History (October).

Atkin, Muriel. 1997. ‘Tajikistan: reform, reaction, and civil war’, in New States, New
Politics: Building the Post-Soviet Nations. I. Bremer and R. Taras (eds.). Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.

Atkin, Muriel. 1994. ‘The Politics of Polarization in Tajikistan’, in Central Asia: Its
Strategic Importance and Future Prospects. Hafeez Malik (editor). New York: St.
Martin’s Press.

Auten, Brian. 1996. ‘Tajikistan Today’, Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, Vol. 19.
Bleuer, Christian. 2007. Uzbeks Versus the Center: Mobilization as an Ethnic Minority in
the Tajikistan and Afghanistan Civil Wars. MA, Indiana University. PDF

Brown, Bess. 1997. ‘The Civil War in Tajikistan, 1992-1993’, in Tajikistan: The Trials of
Independence. Mohammad-Reza Djalili, Frederic Grare and Shirin Akiner (Editors). New
York: St. Martin's Press.

Brown, Bess. 1992. ‘Whither Tajikistan’, RFE/RL Research Report, Vol. 1, No. 24.

Djalili, Mohammad-Reza, Frederic Grare and Shirin Akiner. 1997. Tajikistan: The Trials
of Independence. New York: St. Martin’s Press.

Driscoll, Jesse R. 2009. Exiting anarchy: Militia politics after the post-Soviet wars. PhD
dissertation, Stanford University.

Driscoll, Jesse. 2009. ‘Inside Anarchy: Militia Incorporation as State-Building.’ PDF

Driscoll, Jesse. 2009. ‘Commitment Problems or Bidding Wars? Rebel Fragmentation as

Peace-Building’, Prepared for the 14th Annual Meeting of the Association for the Study
of Nationalities. PDF

Dudoignon, Stephane A. 1997. ‘Political Parties and Forces in Tajikistan, 1989-1993’, in

Tajikistan: The Trials of Independence. Mohammad-Reza Djalili, Frederic Grare and
Shirin Akiner (editors). New York: St. Martin’s Press.

Gretsky, Sergei. 1995. ‘Civil War in Tajikistan: Causes, Developments, and Prospects for
Peace’, in Central Asia: Conflict, Resolution, and Change. Roald Z. Sagdeev and Susan
Eisenhower (editors). Chevy Chase, Maryland: CPSS Press.

Hetmanek, Allen. 1993. ‘Islamic Revolution and Jihad come to the former Soviet Central
Asia: The case of Tajikistan’, Central Asian Survey, Volume 12, Issue 3.

Human Rights Watch. 1996. ‘Tajik Refugees in Northern Afghanistan: Obstacles to

Repatriation’, Human Rights Watch Report. Online

Human Rights Watch. 1995. ‘Return to Tajikistan: Continued Regional and Ethnic
Tensions’, Human Rights Watch Report, Vol. 7, No. 9. Online

Human Rights Watch. 1994. ‘Political Prisoners in Tajikistan’, Human Rights Watch
Report. PDF

Human Rights Watch. 1994. ‘Human Rights in Tajikistan: On the Eve of Presidential
Elections’, Human Rights Watch Report. PDF

Human Rights Watch. 1993. Human Rights in Tajikistan: In the Wake of Civil War’,
Human Rights Watch Report. PDF
Jawad, Nassim and Shahrbanou Tadjbakhsh. 1995. Tajikistan: A Forgotten Civil War.
London: Minority Rights Group.

Khaidarov, G. and M. Inomov, Tajikistan: Tragedy and Anguish of the Nation. St.
Petersburg: LINKO.

Khodjibaev, Karim. 1999. ‘Small Arms Proliferation and Social Militarization in

Tajikistan’, Central Asia Monitor, No. 3.

Khodjibaeva, Moukhabbat. 1999. ‘Television and the Tajik Conflict’, Central Asia
Monitor, No. 1.

Khudonazar, Anaita. 2004. ‘The Other’, Berkeley Program in Soviet and Post-Soviet
Studies Working Paper Series. PDF

Khudonazar, Davlat. 1995. ‘The Conflict in Tajikistan: Questions of Regionalism’, in

Roald Z. Sagdeev and Susan Eisenhower (editors), Central Asia: Conflict, Resolution,
and Change. Chevy Chase, Maryland: CPSS Press.

Khudonazarov, Davlat. 1993. Tajikistan: tragedy and prospects, perspectives of a

democratic leader. Washington DC: The George Washington University, Elliott School
of International Affairs.

Kiasatpour, Soleiman M. 1998. Regime transition in post-Soviet Central Asia: The cases
of Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. PhD diss., University of California, Riverside.

Kosach, Grigorii G. 1995. ‘Tajikistan: Political Parties in an Inchoate National Space’, in

Yaacov Ro’i (ed.), Muslim Eurasia: Conflicting Legacies. London: Frank Cass.

Lynch, Dov. 2001. ‘The Tajik civil war and peace process’, Civil Wars, Vol. 4, No. 4.

Lynch, Dov. 1997. Russian peacekeeping strategies in the CIS, 1992-1996: the cases of
Moldova, Georgia and Tajikistan. PhD dissertation, University of Oxford.

Markowitz, Lawrence. 2005. Collapsed and Prebendal States in Post-Soviet Eurasia:

Cross-Regional Determinants of State Formation in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. PhD
dissertation, University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Matveeva, Anna. 2009. ‘The Perils of Emerging Statehood: Civil War and State
Reconstruction in Tajikistan an Analytical Narrative on State-Making’, Crisis States
Research Centre Working Paper, No. 46.

Niyazi, Aziz. 1998. ‘Tajikistan I: The Regional Dimension of Conflict’, in Michael

Waller, Bruno Coppieters and Alexei Malashenko (editors), Conflicting Loyalties and the
State in Post- Soviet Russia and Eurasia. London: Frank Cass.
Nourzhanov, Kirill. 1997. Politics and change in Tajikistan. PhD dissertation, Australian
National University.

Nourzhanov, Kirill. 1998. ‘Seeking Peace in Tajikistan: Who is the Odd Man Out?’,
Central Asia Monitor, No. 6.

Nourzhanov, Kirill. 2005. ‘Saviours of the nation or robber barons? Warlord politics in
Tajikistan’, Central Asian Survey, Vol. 24, No. 2.

Rogers, Daniel S. 2003. ‘Tajikistan: POL/MIL Informed Questions’, National War

College, Washington DC. PDF

Roy, Olivier. 2001. ‘Inter-regional dynamics of war’, in Politics of Compromise: the

Tajikistan Peace Process. Ed. by Kamoludin Abdullaev and Catherine Barnes. London:
Conciliation Resources.

Roy, Olivier. 2000. The New Central Asia: The Creation of Nations. NY: NYU Press.

Roy, Olivier. 1997. ‘Is the Conflict in Tajikistan a Model for Conflicts Throughout
Central Asia?’ in Tajikistan: The Trials of Independence. Mohammad-Reza Djalili,
Frederic Grare and Shirin Akiner (editors). New York: St. Martin’s Press.

Rubin, Barnett R. 1998. ‘Russian Hegemony and State Breakdown in the Periphery:
Causes and Consequences of the Civil War in Tajikistan’, in Barnett R Rubin and Jack
Snyder (editors) Post- Soviet Political Order: Conflict and State Building. London:
Routledge.

Rubin, Barnett R. 1993. ‘The Fragmentation of Tajikistan, Survival, Vol. 35, No. 4.

Schoeberlein-Engel, John. 1994. ‘Conflicts in Tajikistan and Central Asia: The Myth of
Ethnic Animosity’, Harvard Middle Eastern and Islamic Review, Vol. 1, No. 2.

Shapoatov, Sayfiddin. 2004. ‘The Tajik Civil War: 1992-1997’, MA thesis, Middle East
Technical University. PDF

Shirazi, Habibollah Abolhassan. 1997. The dynamics of political stability in post-Soviet

Tajikistan. PhD, University of Sydney.

Shirazi, Habibollah Abolhassan. 1997. ‘Political Forces and Their Structures in

Tajikistan’, Central Asian Survey, Vol. 16, No. 4.

Splidsboel-Hansen, Flemming. 1999. ‘The Outbreak and Settlement of Civil War:

Neorealism and the Case of Tajikistan’, Civil Wars, Vol. 2, No. 4.

Tadjbakhsh, S. 1994. ‘Tajikistan: From Freedom to War, Current History, Vol. 93.
Tadjbakhsh, Shahrbanou. 1993. ‘Causes and Consequences of the Civil War’, Central
Asia Monitor, No. 1.

Thoni, Julien. 1994. ‘The Tajik Conflict: The dialectic between internal fragmentation
and external vulnerability, 1991-1994’, PSIS Occasional Paper Number 3.

Tunçer-Kılavuz, İdil. 2009. ‘The Role of Networks in Tajikistan’s Civil War: Network
Activation and Violence Specialists’, Nationalities Papers, Vol. 37, No. 5.

Tunçer-Kılavuz, İdil. 2007. Understanding Violent Conflict: A Comparative Study of

Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. PhD dissertation, Indiana University.

Whitlock, Monica. 2002. Land Beyond the River. New York: St. Martin’s Press.

Zartman, Jonathan K. 2004. Political transition in Central Asian republics:

Authoritarianism versus power-sharing. PhD dissertation, University of Denver.

Zviagelskaya, Irina. 1997. The Tajik Conflict. Ithaca: Ithaca Press. Online

Zviagelskaya, Irina. 1997. ‘The Tajik Conflict’, RCSRIS Series, Russian Center for
Strategic Research and International Studies Joint Edition with Ithaca Press. Reading: UK
5. Post-Conflict

Abazov, R. 1999. ‘Central Asia’s Conflicting Legacy and Ethnic Policies: Revisiting a
Crisis Zone of the Former USSR’, Nationalism & Ethnic Politics, Vol. 5, No. 2.

Abdulaev, Kamoludin and Sabine Freizer. 2003. ‘What Peace Five Years After the
Signing of the Tajik Peace Agreement? Strategic Conflict Assessment and Peace
Building Framework, Tajikistan’, UK Government Global Conflict Prevention. Online

Abdullaev, Kamoludin. 2004. ‘Current Local Government Policy Situation in Tajikistan’,

in Tajikistan at a Crossroad: The Politics of Decentralization. Luigi Di Martino (editor).
Geneva: Cimera Publications.

Akbarzadeh, Shahram. 2001. ‘Abdullajanov and the ‘third force’, in Politics of

Compromise: The Tajikistan Peace Process. Kamoludin Abdullaev and Catharine Barnes
(editors). London: Conciliation Resources.

Akiner, Shirin. 2004. ‘Prospects for Civil Society in Tajikistan’, in Civil Society in the
Muslim World: Contemporary Perspectives. Edited by Amyn B. Sajoo. London/New
York: I.B. Tauris.

Aliev, Hassan. 1997. ‘Forming of political system of Tajikistan: Political and juridical
aspects’, NATO Research Fellowships Programme. PDF

Asadullaev, Iskander. 2001. ‘The Tajikistan government’, in Politics of Compromise: The

Tajikistan Peace Process. K. Abdullaev and C. Barnes (editors). London: Conciliation
Resources.

Atkin, Muriel. 2002. ‘A President and his rivals’, in Power and Change in Central Asia.
Sally N. Cummings (editors). London/New York: Routledge.

Atkin, Muriel. 1999. ‘FAST Case Study: Tajikistan’, Swiss Peace Foundation, Institute
for Conflict Resolution.

Atkin, Muriel. 1997. ‘Thwarted Democratization in Tajikistan’, in Conflict, Cleavage and

Change in Central Asia and Caucasus. Karen Dawisha and Bruce Parrot (editors).
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Brenninkmeijer, Olivier A.J. 1997. ‘International Concern for Tajikistan: UN and OSCE
Efforts to Promote Peace-Building and Democratisation’, in Tajikistan: The Trials of
Independence. Edited by Mohammad-Reza Djalili, Frederic Grare and Shirin Akiner.
New York: St. Martin's Press.

Buisson, A. 2007. ‘State-Building, Power-Building and Political Legitimacy: The Case of

Post-Conflict Tajikistan’, China and Eurasia Forum Quarterly, Vol. 5(4).
Chatterjee, Suchandana. 2002. Society and Politics in Tajikistan in the Aftermath of the
Civil War. London: Greenwich Millenium.

Conrad, Burkhard. 2000. ‘The problem of small arms and light weapons in
Tajikistan’, Strategic Analysis, Volume 24, Issue 8.

Dadmehr, Nasrin. 2003. ‘Tajikistan: Regionalism and Weakness’, in State Failure and
State Weakness in a Time of Terror. Robert I. Rotberg (Editor). Washington, DC:
Brookings Institution Press.

De Martino, Luigi. 2004. ‘Tajikistan at a Crossroad: Contradictory Forces at the Heart of

the Tajik Political System’, in Tajikistan at a Crossroad: The Politics of
Decentralization. Luigi Di Martino (editor). Geneva: Cimera Publications.

Druke, Luise. 2000. ‘Housing and Property Restitution for Returnees in Tajikistan in the
1990s’, Refugee Survey Quarterly, Vol. 19, No. 3.

Dudoignon, Stephane A. 2004. ‘From Ambivalence to Ambiguity?: Some Paradigms of

Policy Making in Tajikistan’, in Tajikistan at a Crossroad: The Politics of
Decentralization. Luigi Di Martino (editor). Geneva: Cimera Publications.

Feiman, Eli. 2009. ‘Party Competition in Tajikistan: A Bleak Present, But a Brighter
Future?’, IREX Scholar Research Brief. PDF

Foroughi, Payam. 2004. ‘Nations in Transit 2004: Tajikistan’, Freedom House Nations in
Transit. PDF

Freizer, Sabine. 2004. ‘Central Asian fragmented society: Communal and neoliberal
forms in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan’, in Exploring Civil Society: Political and Cultural
Contexts. Marlies Glasius, David Lewis and Hakan Seckinelgin (editors). NY: Routledge.

Freizer, Sabine. 2004. What Civil Society After Civil War? A Study of Civil Society
Organizations’ Effect on Peace Consolidation in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Tajikistan.
PhD dissertation, The London School of Economics.

Germalmaz, Mehmet Semih. 1999. ‘Structure and Authority of the Judiciary within the
Legal Order of the Tajikistan Republic’, Tilburg Foreign L. Rev., Vol. 7.

Gerstle, D. 2006. ‘Bridging the Panj: Forging a Peacebuilding Livelihoods Strategy on

the Afghan-Tajik Border’, Journal of Peacebuilding & Development, 2(3). PDF

Gleason, Gregory. 2001. ‘Power sharing in Tajikistan: political compromise and regional
instability’, Conflict, Security & Development, Vol. 1, Issue 3.
Hall, Michael. 2005. ‘Tajikistan at the Crossroads of Democracy and Authoritarianism’,
in Prospects for Democracy in Central Asia. Birgit N. Schlyter (editor). Istanbul:
Swedish Research Institute in Istanbul.

Harris, Colette. 1998. ‘Coping with daily life in post-soviet Tajikistan: The Gharmi
villages of Khatlon Province’, Central Asian Survey, Vol. 17, No. 4.

Heathershaw, John. 2009. Post-conflict Tajikistan: The Politics of Peacebuilding and the
Emergence of Legitimate Order. New York: Routledge.

Heathershaw, John. 2009. ‘Tajikistan's Virtual Politics of Peace’, Europe-Asia Studies,

Vol. 61, No. 7.

Heathershaw, John. 2008. ‘Seeing like the International Community: How Peacebuilding
Failed (and Survived) in Tajikistan’, Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding, Vol. 2(3).

Heathershaw, John. 2007. ‘Peacebuilding as Practice: Discourses from Post-conflict

Tajikistan’, International Peacekeeping, Vol. 14, No. 2.

Heathershaw, John. 2005. ‘The paradox of peacebuilding: peril, promise, and small arms
in Tajikistan’, Central Asian Survey, Vol. 24, No. 1.

Human Rights Watch. 1998. ‘Leninabad: Crackdown in the North’, Human Rights Watch
Report, Vol. 10, no. 2 (D). Online

Iji, Tetsuro. 2005. ‘Cooperation, Coordination and Complementarity in International

Peacemaking: The Tajikistan Experience’, International Peacekeeping, Vol. 12(2).

International Crisis Group. 2001 ‘Tajikistan: An Uncertain Peace’ ICG Asia Report, No.
30. December 24, 2001. Online

HDCHD. 2003. ‘Humanitarian engagement with armed groups: The Central Asian
Islamic opposition movements’, Henry Durant Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue. PDF

Kevlihan, Rob. 2009. States of insurgency: Conflict transformation in civil wars through
social services. PhD dissertation, The American University.

Megoran, N., et al. 2010. ‘Author-critic forum: the politics of peace building in
Tajikistan’, Central Asian Survey, Vol. 29. No. 2.

McLean, Jennifer and Thomas Greene. 1998. ‘Turmoil in Tajikistan: Addressing the
Crisis of Internal Displacement’, in Roberta Cohen and Francis M. Deng (eds.), The
Forsaken People: Case Studies of the Internally Displaced. Washington: Brookings.

Nakaya, Sumie. 2009. A paradox of peacebuilding aid: Institutionalized exclusion and

violence in post-conflict states. PhD dissertation, City University of New York.
Nakaya, Sumie. 2009. ‘Aid and transition from a war economy to an oligarchy in post-
war Tajikistan’, Central Asian Survey, Vol. 28, No. 3.

Nishimura, Megumi. 1999. ‘The OSCE and ethnic conflicts in Estonia, Georgia, and
Tajikstan: A search for sustainable peace and its limits’, European Security. Vol. 8(1).

Roy, Olivier. 1995. ‘The Role of the OSCE in the Peace Process in Tajikistan’, in Central
Asia: Conflict, Resolution and Change. Roald Sagdeev and Susan Eisenhower (Editors)
Chevy Chase, MD: Center for Post-Soviet Studies.

Sattorzoda, Abdunabi. 2001. ‘The Democrat Party’, in Kamoludin Abdullaev and

Catharine Barnes (eds.), Politics of Compromise: The Tajikistan Peace Process, London:
Conciliation Resources.

Slim, Randa M. and Harold H. Saunders. 1996. ‘Managing Conflict in Divided Societies:
Lessons from Tajikistan’, Negotiation Journal, Vol. 12, No. 1.

Smith, R. Grant. 1999. ‘Tajikistan: the rocky road to peace’, Central Asian Survey, Vol.
18, No. 2.

Tadjbakhsh, Shahrbanou. 2008. ‘International Peacemaking in Tajikistan and

Afghanistan Compared: Lessons Learned and Unlearned’, CERI No. 143. PDF

Toshmuhammadov, Mehrali. 2004. ‘Civil War in Tajikistan and Post-Conflict

Rehabilitation’, Hokkaido University Center of Slavic Researches. PDF

Torjesen, Stina, and S Neil MacFarlane. 2007. ‘R before D: the case of post conflict
reintegration in Tajikistan’, Conflict, Security & Development, Vol. 7, No. 2.

Torjesen, Stina, Christina Wille and S. Neil MacFarlane. 2005. ‘Tajikistan’s Road to
Stability: Reduction in Small Arms Proliferation and Remaining Challenges’, An
Occasional Paper of the Small Arms Survey #17. PDF

UNDP. 2006. ‘Reintegration of ex-combatants in Tajikistan’, UNDP Rehabilitation,

Reconstruction and Development Programme. PDF

Wiegmann, Gunda. 2009. Socio-political change in Tajikistan. PhD dissertation,

Hamburg University. PDF
6. Foreign relations

Atkin, Muriel. 1994. ‘Tajikistan’s Relations with Iran and Afghanistan’, in The New
Politics of Central Asia and Its Borderlands. A. Banuazizi and M. Weiner (editors),
Bloomington: Indiana University Press.

Carlisle, Donald S. 1995. ‘Geopolitics and Ethnic Problems of Uzbekistan and its
Neighbours’, in Muslim Eurasia: Conflicting Legacies. Yaacov Ro’i (editor). London:
Frank Cass.

Crosston, Matthew. 2008. ‘Compromising coalitions and duplicitous diplomacy: US

support for Tajikistan after 9/11 and its security implications’, Central Asian Survey, Vol.
27, No. 2.

Djalili, Mohammad-Reza, and Frederic Grare. 1997. ‘Regional Ambitions and Interests
in Tajikistan: the Role of Afghanistan, Pakistan and Iran’, in Tajikistan: The Trials of
Independence. New York: St. Martin’s Press.

Dubnov, Arkady. 1995. ‘Tadjikistan’, in U.S. and Russian Policymaking With Respect to
the Use of Force. Jeremy R. Azrael and Emil A. Payin (editors). RAND Centre for
Russian and Eurasian Studies.

Dunn, Michael Collins. 1997. ‘Great Games and Small: Afghanistan, Tajikistan and the
New Geopolitics of Southwest Asia’, Middle East Policy, Vol. 5.

Fumagalli, Matteo. 2007. ‘Tajikistan and the EU: From Post-Conflict Reconstruction to
Critical Engagement’, CEPS Policy Briefs, Issue 112. PDF

Horsman, Stuart. 1999. ‘Uzbekistan’s Involvement in the Tajik civil war 1992-97’,
Central Asian Survey, Vol. 18, No. 1.

Jonson, Lena. 2006. Tajikistan in the new Central Asia: geopolitics, great power rivalry
and radical Islam. London: I.B. Tauris.

Kassenova, N. 2009. ‘China as an. Emerging Donor in. Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan’,
Russia/NIS Center. PDF

Mesbahi, Mohiaddin. 1997. ‘Tajikistan, Iran, and the international politics of the 'Islamic
factor'’, Central Asian Survey, Vol. 16, No. 2.

Neumann, Iver B. and Sergei Solodovnik. 1996. ‘The Case of Tajikistan’, in

Peacekeeping and the Role of Russia in Eurasia. Lena Jonson and Clive Archer (Editors).
Boulder, CO: Westview Press.

Nichol, Jim. 2009. ‘Tajikistan: Recent Developments and U.S. Interests’, CRS Report for
Congress. PDF
Normark, P. 2000. ‘Russian peacekeeping strategies in the CIS: The Cases of Moldova,
Georgia and Tajikistan’, Millennium-Journal of International Studies, Vol. 29, No. 2.

Olimova, Saodat. 2009. ‘The Multifaceted Chinese Presence in Tajikistan’, The China
and Eurasia Forum Quarterly, Vol. 7, No. 1. PDF

Olimova, Saodat et al. 2006. ‘Regional Cooperation in Central Asia: A View from
Tajikistan’, Problems of Economic Transition, Vol. 48, Issue 9.

Orr, M. J. 2001. ‘The Russian Garrison in Tajikistan: 201st Gatchina Twice Red Banner
Motor Rifle Division’, Conflict Studies Research Centre, Occasional Brief No. 85. PDF

Orr, Michael. 1997. ‘The Russian Army and the War in Tajikistan’, in Tajikistan: The
Trials of Independence, M.-R. Djalili, F. Grare and S. Akiner (Editors). New York: St.
Martin’s Press.

Poujol, Catherine. 1997. ‘Some Reflections on Russian Involvement in the Tajik

Conflict, 1992 -1993’, in Tajikistan: The Trials of Independence. Mohammad-Reza
Djalili, Frederic Grare and Shirin Akiner (Editors). New York: St. Martin's Press.

Roy, Olivier. 1999. The foreign policy of the Central Asian Islamic Renaissance Party.
Muslim Politics Project. New York: Council on Foreign Relations.

Shepherd, Monika S. 1996. ‘The effects of Russian and Uzbek intervention in the Tajik
Civil War’, The Soviet and post-Soviet Review, Vol. 23, No. 3.

Smith Serrano, Andres. 2003. ‘CIS peacekeeping in Tajikistan’, in Regional

Peacekeepers: The Paradox of Russian Peacekeeping. John Mackinlay and Peter Cross
(Editors). NY: United Nations University Press.

Warikoo, K. 1995. ‘Cockpit of Central Asia: Afghanistan Factor in Tajikistan's Crisis’, in

Central Asia: Emerging New Order. K. Warikoo (Editor). Delhi: Har-anand Publications.

Hodizoda, Faredun. 2010. ‘“Misunderstanding”: A Road to Nowhere - Reflections from

Tajikistan’, The China and Eurasia Forum Quarterly, Vol. 8, No. 2. PDF
7. Social Issues

Babajanian, Babken V. 2006. ‘The social exclusion framework and poverty reduction
strategy in Tajikistan’, Central Asian Survey, Volume 25, Issue 4.

Bichsel, Christine. 2009. Conflict Transformation in Central Asia Irrigation disputes in

the Ferghana Valley. New York: Routledge.

Bichsel, Christine. 2005. ‘In search of harmony: repairing infrastructure and social
relations in the Ferghana Valley’, Central Asian Survey, Vol. 24, No. 1.

Bliss, Frank. 2006. Social and economic change in the Pamirs (Gorno-Badakhshan,
Tajikistan). London: Routledge.

Engvall, Johan. 2006. ‘The state under Siege: The drug trade and organised crime in
Tajikistan’, Europe-Asia Studies, Vol. 58, No. 6.

Engwall, Johan. 2005. ‘Stability and security in Tajikistan: drug trafficking as a threat to
national security’, Department of East European Studies, Uppsala University.
Working Papers, No. 86.

Foroughi, Payam. 2002. ‘Tajikistan: Nationalism, Ethnicity, Conflict, and Socio-

economic Disparities’, Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, Vol. 22, No. 1.

Fumagalli, Matteo. 2007. ‘Framing ethnic minority mobilisation in Central Asia: The
cases of the Uzbeks in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan’, Europe-Asia Studies, Vol. 59 (4).

Fumagalli, Matteo. 2005. The Dynamics of Uzbek Ethno-political Mobilization in

Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan: 1991-2003. PhD dissertation. University of Edinburgh.

Haarra, Robin. 2005. ‘Violence and exploitation of children in Tajikistan’, Central Asian
Survey, Volume 24, Issue 2.

Harris, Colette. 2006. Muslim Youth: Tensions and Transitions in Tajikistan. Boulder,
CO: Westview Press.

Hierman, Brent. 2010. ‘What use was the election to us? Clientelism and political trust
amongst ethnic Uzbeks in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan’, Nationalities Papers, Vol. 38(2).

IFES. 2004. ‘Public Opinion in Tajikistan: Findings from a Survey’, IFES. PDF

Ilolov, Mamadsho and Mirodasen Khudoiyev. 2001. ‘Local Government in Tajikistan’, in

Developing New Rules in the Old Environment. Igor Munteanu and Victor Popa (editors).
Budapest: Open Society Institute. PDF
International Crisis Group. 2009. ‘Tajikistan: On the Road to Failure’, ICG Asia Report,
No. 162. Online

International Crisis Group. 2004. ‘Tajikistan’s Politics: Confrontation or Consolidation?’,

Asia Briefing No. 33. Online

International Crisis Group. 2003. ‘Tajikistan: A Roadmap for Development’, Asia Report
No. 51. Online

Iwasaki, Ichiro. 2002. ‘Observations on Economic Reform in Tajikistan: Legislative and

Institutional Framework’, Eurasian Geography and Economics, Vol. 43, No. 6.

Juraeva, Gavhar. 1996. ‘Ethnic Conflict in Tajikistan’, in Ethnic Conflict in the Post-
Soviet World: Case Studies and Analysis. Leokadia, Rose Gottemoeller, Catherine
McArdie Kelleher, Lee Walker (editors). London: M.E. Sharpe.

Grezov, Ravshan. 2008. Development Programs for poverty alleviation: Comparative

study of microfinance program in two areas of Tajikistan. MA, Ohio University. PDF

Karimov, Shamsiddin. 2006. ‘Dialectics of the Emergence of a Civil Society and State
Support of NGOs in Tajikistan’, Central Asia and the Caucasus. No. 4(40). PDF

Korostelina, Karina. 2007. ‘The system of social identities in Tajikistan: Early warning
and conflict prevention’, Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 40(2).

Marat, Erica. 2006. ‘The State-Crime Nexus in Central Asia: State Weakness, Organized
Crime, and Corruption in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan’, Silk Road Paper, October. PDF

Marat, Erica. 2006. ‘Impact of Drug Trade and Organized Crime on State Functioning in
Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan’, China and Eurasia Forum Quarterly, Vol. 4, No. 1. PDF

Martin, Jay. 2004. ‘Can Magic Bullets Hurt You? NGOs and governance in a globalised
social welfare world: A Case Study of Tajikistan’, Australian National University
Graduate Program in Public Policy, Discussion Paper No. 92. PDF

De Martino, Luigi. 2004. ‘Tajikistan at a Crossroad: Contradictory Forces at the Heart of

the Tajik Political System’, in Tajikistan at a Crossroad: The Politics of
Decentralization. Edited by Luigi Di Martino. Geneva: Cimera Publications.

Matveeva, Anna. 2009. ‘Tajikistan: Revolutionary situation or a Resilient state?’,

EUCAM Policy Brief, No. 12. PDF

Matveeva, Anna. 2009. ‘Tajikistan: Stability First’, Taiwan Journal of Democracy,

Volume 5, No.1. PDF
Matveeva, Anna. 2005. “Tajikistan: Evolution of the Security Sector and the War on
Terror,” in Facing the Terrorist Challenge –Central Asia’s Role in International Co-
Operation. Anna H. Ebnoether et al. (Editors). Vienna and Geneva: Austrian Ministry of
Defense and Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces. PDF

McDermott, Roger N. 2002. ‘Border security in Tajikistan Countering the narcotics

trade?’, Conflict Studies Research Centre. PDF

Mughal, Abdul-Ghaffar. 2007. ‘Migration, Remittances, and Living Standards in

Tajikistan: A Report Based on Khatlon Remittances and Living Standards Measurement
Survey’, International Organization for Migration. PDF

Naemi, Ali. 2002. The interplay between the performance of the manufacturing sector
and the success of transition to a market economy: a case study of Tajikistan. PhD
dissertation, University of Guelph.

Nekbakhtshoev, Navruz R. 2006. Clan Politics: Explaining the Persistence of Subethnic

Divisions in Tajikistan: Comparative Approach. MA, Duquesne University.

Niyazi, Aziz. 2000. ‘Migration, Demography and Socio-Ecological Processes in

Tajikistan’, JCAS Symposium Series, No. 9.

Nourzhanov, Kirill. 1996. ‘Alternative Social Institutions and the Politics of Neo-
Patrimonialism in Tajikistan’, Russian and Euro-Asian Bulletin, (August). Online

Ojala, Lauri, Alex Kitain and Bernard Touboul. 2004. ‘Tajikistan Trade Diagnostic
Study: Transportation and Trade Facilitation’, World Bank. PDF

Olimov, Jafar. 2007. ‘Informal economy in Tajikistan’, United Nations Development

Programme, National Human Development Report. PDF

Olimova, Saodat and Muzaffar Olimov. 2007. ‘Labor Migration from Mountainous Areas
in the Central Asian Region: Good or Evil?’, Mountain Research and Development, 27(2)

Olimova, Saodat and Muzaffar Olimov. 1996. ‘Regionalism in Tajikistan: Its Impact on
the Ferghana Valley’, Perspectives on Central Asia, Vol. 1, No. 3.

Olimova, Saodat. 2004. ‘Opposition in Tajikistan: Pro et Contra’, in Yaacov Ro’i (ed.)
Democracy and Pluralism in Muslim Eurasia. London/New York: Frank Cass.

Olimova, Saodat. 2004. ‘Regionalism and its perception by major political and social
powers of Tajikistan’, in Tajikistan at a Crossroad: The Politics of Decentralization.
Situation Report #4, Luigi Di Martino (editor). Geneva: Cimera Publications.

Olimova, Soadat and Igor Bosc. 2003. ‘Labor Migration in Tajikistan’, IOM,
Dushanbe. PDF
Paoli, Letizia, Irina Rabkov, Victoria A Greenfield and Peter Reuter. 2007. ‘Tajikistan:
The Rise of a Narco-State’, Journal of Drug Issues, Vol. 37, No. 4.

Patnaik, Ajay. 1995. ‘Agriculture and Rural Out-migration in Central Asia, 1960-91’,
Europe-Asia Studies, Vol. 47, No.1.

Rowe, William C. 2010. ‘Agrarian adaptations in Tajikistan: land reform, water and law’,
Central Asian Survey, Vol. 29. No. 2.

Rowe, Jr., William Campbell. 2002. On the Edge of Empires: The Hisor Valley of
Tajikistan. PhD dissertation, The University of Texas at Austin.

Rowland, Richard H. 2005. ‘National and Regional Population Trends in Tajikistan:

Results from the Recent Census’, Eurasian Geography and Economics, Vol. 46(3).

Roy, Olivier. 1999. ‘Kolkhoz and Civil Society in the Independent States of Central
Asia’, in H. Ruffin and D. Waugh (eds.) Civil Society in Central Asia. Seattle, WA:
University of Washington Press.

Schoeberlein, John. 2002. ‘Bones of Contention: Conflicts over Resources’, in

Mekenkamp, van Tongeren, and van de Veen (eds.), Searching for Peace in Central and
South Asia. Boulder: Lynne Rienner.

Sehring, Jenniver. 2007. The Politics of Water Institutional Reform in Neo-patrimonial

States: A comparative analysis of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. PhD, University of Hagen.
Link

Sehring, Jenniver. 2009. The politics of water institutional reform in neopatrimonial

states a comparative analysis of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. Wiesbaden: VS, Verlag für
Sozialwissenschaften.

Sharifov, Mehmonsho. 2007. ‘The Self Between Political Chaos and The New Political
“Order” in Tajikistan’, Transcultural Studies, 2-3.

Sharipov, S. I. et al. 2006. ‘Report on Corruption in the Republic of Tajikistan (A Public

Opinion Survey)’, Dushanbe: Strategic Research Centre/UNDP.

Strachota, Krzysztof. 2004. ‘Tajikistan: The Trial Period’, Center for Eastern Studies,
Warsaw. PDF

Swanström, N., et al. 2005. ‘A Conflict and Security Analysis of Central Asia with a
Focus on Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan’, Silk Road Studies Program. PDF

Tunçer-Kılavuz, İdil. 2009. ‘Political and social networks in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan:
'clan', region and beyond’, Central Asian Survey, Vol. 28, No. 3.
Turner, R. 1993. ‘Tajiks Have the Highest Fertility Rates in Newly Independent Central
Asia’, Family Planning Perspectives, Vol. 25, No. 3.

Wagner, S. 1997. ‘Public Opinion in Tajikistan’, Voices of the Electorate Series. PDF

Zaripova, Nargina. 2000. ‘Policy Paper on Freedom of Expression in Tajikistan’,

CPS International Policy Fellowship Program. PDF

Zavrabyan, Naira. 2006. ‘Bicameralism and Democracy in the Republic of Tajikistan’,

CEI Working Paper No. 15. PDF

Zürcher, Christoph. 2004. ‘Analysis of Peace and Conflict Potential in Rasht Valley,
Shurabad District and GBAO, Tajikistan’, ARC/GTZ. PDF

Cunha, Stephen Farrell. The applicability of the biosphere reserve model to the Pamir
Mountains, Tajikistan. PhD dissertation, University of California, Davis, 1994.

Berndt, Hope. 2009. Testing the theory of the penetrated political system in Central Asia.
PhD dissertation, Long Island University.
8. Gender

Falkingham, Jane and Baschieri, Angela. 2005. ‘Gender and poverty: how we can be
misled by the unitary model of household resources – the case of Tajikistan’,
Southampton Statistical Sciences Research Institute. PDF

Falkingham, Jane. 2000. ‘Women and Gender Relations in Tajikistan’, ADB/UN Country
Briefing Paper. PDF

Harris, Colette. 2004. Control and Subversion: Gender Relations in Tajikistan. Sterling,
VA: Pluto Press.

Rahmonova, Tojiniso. 2009. Literacy in Tajikistan. MA, California State University. PDF

Shemyakina, Olga N. 2007. Armed conflict, education and the marriage market:
Evidence from Tajikistan. PhD dissertation, University of Southern California.

Shemyakina, Olga. 2009. ‘The Marriage Market and Tajik Armed Conflict’, Households
in Conflict Network Working Paper 66. PDF

Simpson, Meghan. 2006. ‘Local strategies in globalizing gender politics: Women's

organizing in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan’, Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, 26(1).

Tadjbakhsh, Shahrbanou. 1998. ‘Between Lenin and Allah: Women and Ideology in
Tajikistan’, in Women in Muslim Societies: Diversity Within Unity. Herbert L. Bodman
and Nayereh Esfahlani Tohidi. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers.

Tadjbakhsh, Shahrbanou. 1994. ‘Women and War in Tajikistan’, Central Asia Monitor,
No. 1.

Tadjbakhsh, Shahrbanou. 1994. The a-Soviet woman of the Muslim east and nativization
in Tajikistan, 1989-1992. PhD dissertation, Columbia University.

Tett, Gillian. 1996. Ambiguous Alliances: Marriage and Identity in a Muslim Village in
Soviet Tajikistan. PhD dissertation, University of Cambridge.
9. Education

Nagzibekova, Mehrinisso. 2008. ‘Language and Education Policies in Tajikistan ’,

International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, Vol. 11, Issue 3&4.

Niyozov, Sarfaroz. 2001. Understanding teaching in post-Soviet, rural, mountainous

Tajikistan: Case studies of teachers' life and work. PhD diss., University of Toronto.

Niyozov, Safaroz. 2000. ‘The Effects of the Collapse of the USSR on teacher’s Lives and
Work in Tajikistan’, in The Challenges of Education in Central Asia. Stephen P
Heyneman and Alan J DeYoung (Editors). Information Age Publishing.

Shorish, M Mobin. 1972. Education in the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic, 1917-1967.
PhD dissertation, University of Chicago.

Shozimov, Pulat. 2005. ‘Social Science Research Isolation and Tajikistan’, SAIS Review,
Vol. 25, No. 2.

Whitsel, Christopher M. 2009. ‘Family resources, Sitting at Home and Democratic

Choice: Investigating Determinants of Educational Attainment in Post-Soviet Tajikistan’,
Central Asian Survey, Vol. 28, No. 1.

Whitsel, Christopher M. 2009. Growing inequality: Post-Soviet transition and

educational participation in Tajikistan. PhD dissertation, Indiana University.

Aini, K.S and Y. S. Maltsev. 1988. ‘Oriental studies in Tajikistan’, Iranian Studies,
Volume 21, Issue 1&2.