Engineering a Brief History:

Human beings have been adapting and enhancing their environment to better their lifestyles.
There always have been some people who designed and built tools to fulfill their needs. As the
civilization developed people improved more. With every advance, came new and more
complex challenges. One of the earliest examples of engineering was the construction and
improvement of the aqueduct system that transported water in and around Rome starting in
the fourth century BC. The engineering profession that we know today emerged during the
1500’s when engineers began using mathematics to design military fortifications. These special
military engineers would generally let craftsmen do the actual construction, thus becoming the
first true engineers in the modern sense of the word. It was during the late 1800’s when
inventors began identifying with the engineering process and the engineering profession began
to divide into special disciplines, such as civil, mechanical, and electrical engineering.
Schematic drawing of military fortification taken from Cyclopedia, published 1728.

Evolution of Software Engineering:

During the years, software has been implemented in more and more ways, from large
computers, to tiny embedded systems, from private cars to airplanes. But the history of
software has seen many disaster happening and much time and resources wasted on
unsuccessful projects. The term software engineering first was used in the late 1950s and early
1960s. The NATO Science Committee sponsored two conferences on software engineering in
1968 and 1969, which gave the field its initial boost. But later in 1970’s and 1980’s this
profession faced huge crisis which identified many early problems in software engineering.
Some projects caused property damage. A few projects caused loss of life. Some used the term
software crisis to refer to their lack of ability to hire qualified programmers. The software crisis
was originally defined in terms of productivity, but turned out to be in terms of quality. The
peak of this profession started from the mid 1990’s and stood beside computer science and
traditional engineering. Today, more women in software engineering fill the social roles of
analysis, training, documentation and management and fewer do hardcore technical
development. World

Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO):

WIPO is the global forum for intellectual property services, policy, information and
cooperation. It is a self-funding agency of the United Nations, with 191 member states. Our
mission is to lead the development of a balanced and effective international intellectual
property (IP) system that enables innovation and creativity for the benefit of all. WIPO provides
a policy forum to shape balanced international IP rules for a changing world, global services to
protect IP across borders and to resolve disputes, technical infrastructure to connect IP systems
and share knowledge, cooperation and capacity-building programs to enable all countries to
use IP for economic, social and cultural development and a world reference source for IP
information.

IP services:
Businesses and innovators need easy, cost-effective ways to protect their inventions, their brands, and
their designs in multiple countries. WIPO offers a range of global services for protecting intellectual
property (IP) across borders, and for resolving IP disputes outside the courts.