ICT

Empowerment Technologies
QUICK REVIEW
OBJECTIVES:
1. Successfully enroll yourselves to Google Classroom using
your professional Email.
2. Understand the significance of ICT in our daily life.
3. Enjoy the class
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS
TECHNOLOGY
WHY SHOULD YOU CARE?
AFFECT you wherever you are and regardless
of the traditional constraints of time.
Information and Communication Technology

Is any Information and Communication

[1]

Technology that helps us to find, process and

communicate information.
- IT IS THE INFRASTRUCTURE AND COMPONENTS THAT ENABLE MODERN COMPUTING.

ICT Tools include the

Internet,
cell phones,
global positioning systems (GPS),
Texting, video games, digital cameras, MP3 players and more.
ICT in the Philippines
● As of 2010, the ICT industry in the Philippines shares 19.3% of the total
employment population - Annual Survey of the Philippine Business and
Industries.

● As of January 2014, there were 37.6 million internet users, of which 34 million
were on Facebook. Thus, one in every three Filipinos were on Facebook.

○ Thus, one in every three Filipinos were on Facebook. Social media is also making various
information available to us in various formats.

● About 42% of the world’s population had access to the internet

● We are drowning in a flood of data, with ICT providing us the means to transmit and
exchange data in the form of sound, text, visual images, signals or any other form or
any combination of those forms through the use of digital technology.
ICT in the Philippines
● Philippines is dubbed as the “ICT Hub of Asia”

● TIME Magazine declared Makati City – Rank 1 in the “Selfiest Cities Around the
World”, and Cebu City –Rank 9
 THE INTERNET &
THE WORLD WIDE WEB
INTERNET
● The internet is a massive network of networks, a networking infrastructure.
● It connects millions of computers together globally.
WORLD WIDE WEB
● A way of accessing information over the medium of the internet.

● The web uses the HTTP protocol, only on of the languages spoken over the
Internet, to transmit data.

HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol - the foundation of data communication for the
WWW.
HISTORY OF THE INTERNET

ROBERT KHAN

- Invented the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

VINT CERF

- Considered as one of the founders of the internet

THE INTERNET
1957
- Sputnik One
- DARPA in 1958
- DARPA planned a large
scaled computer network in
order to exhilarate knowledge
transfer
HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
This network are:

ARPANET

RAND

NPL

CYCLADES

The SCIENTIFIC, MILITARY and COMMERCIAL approaches of these concepts are

the foundations of our modern internet.
ARPANET
● -The Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), an arm of the U.S. Defense Department, funded the
development of the Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) in the late 1960s. Its initial
purpose was to link computers at Pentagon-funded research institutions over telephone lines.

RAND
● Has a historic record of achievement in the development of computing: RAND staff designed
and built one of the earliest computers, developed an early online, interactive, terminal-based
computer system, and invented the telecommunications technique that has become the basis
for modern computer networks.
● Project RAND was also the first to exploit new mathematical and computational techniques to
solve Air Force problems and was a force behind the introduction of computing to the Air
Force at all levels. RAND staff members served as advisors throughout the 1950s and 1960s,
as the Air Force absorbed computer technology into its structure. They helped establish the
career path for computer specialists, participated in the Scientific Advisory Board, designed
the curriculum and taught courses for the DoD Computer Institute, and participated in formal
study groups and committees sponsored by the Air Staff. In all these interactions, Project
RAND helped the Air Force make the transition to computer maturity and supplied it with
computer-based analytic methodology and software.
CYCLADES
● Definition - What does Cyclades mean? Cyclades is (was) a packet-switching network developed in 1972
that had many of the attributes of a modern computer network. Cyclades was developed in France based
on ARPANET after a group of French delegates were introduced to the technology on a visit to the
United States. Cyclades introduced a number of new concepts that had a major technical influence on the
development of the Internet.
● Techopedia explains Cyclades. Cyclades was the first network to use datagrams and make network hosts
responsible for delivering data, rather than the network itself. This was highly influential in the
development of TCP/IP, which eventually became the language of the Internet. Cyclades also had a
layered architecture, with a data transmission layer, transport layer and application layer.
● Despite Cyclades' major strides in networking technology, it is still considered a footnote in the
development of the Internet compared to ARPANET. This is because the European postal and
telecommunications authorities chose to adopt the X.25 standard rather than packet switching as their
data transmission protocol. As a result, they campaigned against packet switching networks and the use
of the datagram. This eventually led to a reduction in funding for the Cyclades project, which led to its
eventual dissolution.
NPL
● The development of computers in the second half of the twentieth century was revolutionary. The need
for a machine that solved problems emerged during the Second World War to carry out code
deciphering, the computation of trajectories of missiles and flight simulation.
● Britain's first programmable electronic computer, the Pilot ACE machine, was built in 1950 at the
National Physical Laboratory (NPL), making it the fourth group in the world to achieve a working
general-purpose stored-program computer.
● Alan Turing was NPL's pioneer in computing research; rather than needing an operator to repeating
remove material from the machines and replacing it at the right moment, the Pilot ACE machine tackled
whole problems.
● What set Pilot ACE apart from its contemporaries was Turing's system of optimum coding - when the
chosen program for the Pilot ACE had been created, the programmers also had to decide how to store
each instruction in the memory so that the program could be carried out in the fastest time possible.
Other computers at the time simply had the instructions stored at random in the memory
IP ADDRESS
PUBLIC IP ADDRESS

● An address that is assigned to a computing device to allow direct access over the
Internet

● It is globally unique, and can only be assigned to a unique device.

IP ADDRESS
PRIVATE IP ADDRESS

● Is the address space allocated by InterINC to allow organizations to create their

own private network.
IMEI or MEID
● International Mobile Station Equipment Identify
● Mobile Equipment Identifier
● By dialing *#06#
THE WEB
THE WEB
● Invented by the English scientist Tim Berners-Lee in 1989.
● By 1996 it became the mostly read-only web with 250,000 sites and 45 million
global users.
VERSIONS OF THE WEB
WEB 1.0
● Collection of Static website that was unable to support interactive content.
● From 1995 to 2000 the we is simply an information portal where netizens cannot
post reviews, comments or give feedbacks.
WEB 2.0
● Able to facilitate communication between web users and sites.
● It encourages the participation, collaboration and information sharing of netizens
and the web.
WEB 2.0 KEY FEATURES
1. FOLKSONOMY – allows the users to categorize and classify/arrange information
using freely chosen keywords (tagging) which start with pound sign (#), referred
to as hashtag.

1. RICH USER EXPERIENCE / INTERFACE – contents are dynamic and

responsive to the user’s input. It provides pleasant looking web pages to the user
or the enhanced GUI (Graphical User Interface).

1. USER PARTICIPATION – it allows the users to participate among online topics /

forums, comment / critic / review a specific product or article.
WEB 2.0 KEY FEATURES
4. LONG TAIL – services are offered rather than on a one-time purchase. This is
synonymous to subscribing to a certain plan that charges you for the services that you
are enjoying. (example: Monthly subscription of Spotify & PLDT Home Fiber)
TECHNOLOGIES USED IN WEB 2.0
CLIENT SIDE

- Javascript
- Ajax
- Flash

SERVER SIDE

- PERL
- PHP
- RUBY
WEB 3.0
It has dynamic applications, interactive services, and “machine-to-machine”
interaction.

The computers can now interpret information like humans and intelligently generate
and distribute useful contents that fits to the needs of the user.
THE SEMANTIC WEB
VISION

To have a world where people are not arduously browsing the web for information
and interactively negotiating tasks like scheduling appointments, finding documents
and even locating services, rather the Web itself is capable of doing all the work for
them.

● According to Tim Berners-Lee the semantic web will bring structure to the
meaningful content of web pages
THE SEMANTIC WEB
● This creates an environment where software agents roaming from page to page
can readily carry out sophisticated tasks for users.
TRENDS IN ICT
1. CONVERGENCE – Technological Convergence is the synergy of technological
advancements to work on a similar goal or task and accomplish it conveniently.
(example: Creating documents on a Smartphone instead on a Laptop, Using
Google Drive to sync your files online)

1. SOCIAL MEDIA – is a website, application, or online channel that enables web

users to create, co-create, discuss, modify, and exchange user-generated content.
It has six types: (1) SOCIAL NETWORKS, (2) BOOKMARKING SITES, (3) SOCIAL
NEWS, (4) MEDIA SHARING, (5) MICROBLOGGING, and (6) BLOGS &
FORUMS.
TYPES OF SOCIAL MEDIA
● SOCIAL NETWORKS – sites that allow you to connect with other people with
same interests and backgrounds. (example: Facebook and Google+)

● BOOKMARKING SITES – sites that allow you to store and mage links to various
websites and resources. (example: StumbleUpon and Pinterest)

● SOCIAL NEWS – sites that allow you to post your own news items or links to
other news sources. (example: reddit and Digg)
● MEDIA SHARING – sites that allow you to upload and share media content like
images, music, and video. (example: Flicker, YouTube, and Instagram)

● MICROBLOGGING – sites that focus on short updates from the user (example:
Twitter and Plurk)

● BLOGS & FORUMS – websites that allow users to post their own content
(example: Blogger, Wordpress, Tumblr)
MOBILE TECHNOLOGIES
A. iOS
A mobile operating system created and developed by Apple Inc. and distributed
exclusively for Apple hardware.
B. ANDROID
An open source operating system developed by Google.
C. BLACKBERRY OS
A proprietary mobile operating system developed by BlackBerry Ltd for its BlackBerry
line of smartphone handheld devices.
D. WINDOWS PHONE OS
A closed source and proprietary operating system developed by Microsoft.
E. SYMBIAN
The ORIGINAL smartphone Operating System used by NOKIA devices.
F. WEB OS
Originally used for smartphones now used for smart TVs.
G. WINDOWS MOBILE
Developed by Microsoft for smartphones and pocket PCs.
H. ASSISTIVE MEDIA
A nonprofit service designed to help people who have visual and reading impairments
as well as cognitive, physical, and communication disabilities.

VISIT: http://www.assistivemedia.org/
REPORT Paper:
1. Prepare materials for reporting.
2. Avoid being charged with plagiarism, thus references used must be cited properly
3. The report must contain a minimum of 3 references, failure to do so result into
demerit of points.
Read in advance:

“Online Security, Safety, Ethics and Etiquette (OSSEE)”

REFERENCES
[1] Manitoba Education, Citizenship and Youth. (2008). A Parent Handbook on Learning with Information and Communication
Technology [PDF File]. Retrieved from https://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/docs/parents/lict/full_doc.pdf