:‫السام‬ ‫بسم ا الرحمن الرحيم‬ ‫الجاماعة السإلماية – غزة‬

:‫الرقم الجامعي‬
‫ قسم الدإارة‬-‫كلية التجارة‬
‫ مااجد ماحمد الفرا‬.‫دإ‬.‫أ‬

Business Administration (2)

Final exam 2010\2011
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First Question: True/False ‫( ضع الشإارة على الجانب اليأسر مان السؤال‬19 grades)

1. Effectiveness is concerned with the means of getting things done, efficiency is concerned
with the ends, or attainment of organizational goals.
2. According to the text, the goal of efficiency is to minimize resource costs.
3. Determining who reports to whom is part of the controlling management function.
4. Directing and motivating are part of the controlling function.
5. Disturbance handler is one of Mintzberg's interpersonal roles.
6. Technical skills become less important as a manager moves into higher levels of management.
7. Budgeting is related to both planning and controlling.
8. According to Adam Smith, division of labor was an important concept.
9. “One best way” is the phrase most associated with scientific management.
10. Based on his scientific management principles, Taylor suggested the incentive pay principle.
11. Geert Hofstede was among the first researchers to use motion pictures to study hand-and-
body motions.
12. An organization that has division of labor, clearly defined hierarchy, detailed rules, and
impersonal relationships would be described as a bureaucracy.
13. Barnard, Follet, Musterberg, and Owen are all theorists are associated with the early
organizational behavior approach.
14. Hugo Munsterberg was an early advocate of the human resources approach to management.
15. Follett is the scientist who is most closely associated with the Hawthorne Studies.
16. The final step in the decision-making process is implementing the chosen alternative.
17. Managers regularly use their intuition in decision-making.
18. Rules and policies are basically the same.
19. Organizational efficiency is facilitated by the use of programmed decision-making.
20. Decision makers with an analytic style have a much smaller tolerance for ambiguity than do
directive types.
21. Organizational planning establishes coordinated effort.
22. Research indicates that managers who plan always outperform managers who do not plan.
23. It is a myth that planning reduces flexibility.
24. Developing an acquisition plan after a recent takeover is an example of a single-use plan.
25. The more the current plans affect future commitments, the longer the time frame for which
managers should plan.

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 26. The traditional role of goals is to guide the control and direction imposed by an
organization's top managers.
27. Most methods of environmental scanning that involve competitor intelligence are illegal.
28. Buying a competitor's product for evaluation is a form of environmental scanning.
29. Environmental scanning creates the foundation for forecasts.
30. Qualitative forecasting uses the judgment and opinions of knowledgeable individuals.
31. Times-series analysis, and economic indicators are all examples of quantitative forecasting
techniques.
32. If a manager wanted to predict next quarter's sales on the basis of four years of previous
sales data, she would probably use time series analysis.
33. Benchmarking involves evaluating company effectiveness against its own standards.
34. The Gantt Chart is the type of scheduling method useful for large, highly complex
scheduling.
35. Events, activities, and critical paths are all parts of PERT network analysis.
36. During the communication process, the message is converted to symbolic form called
encoding.
37. Body language refers to gestures, facial expressions, and other body movements that convey
meaning.
38. Listening for full meaning without making premature judgments or interpretations is called
passive listening.

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Second Question: ‫( اختر الجابة الصحيحة‬22 grads)
1) According to the text, ______________ is the screening of large amounts of information
to anticipate and interpret changes in the environment.
a. situational scanning
b. environmental scanning
c. forecasting
d. benchmarking
2) What are three tools that managers can use to analyze their organization's environment?
a. strategic planning, environmental scanning, and TQM
b. forecasting, budgeting, and time management
c. environmental scanning, forecasting, and benchmarking
d. benchmarking, planning, and evaluating
e. budgeting, scanning, and environmental planning
3) What type of forecasting technique relies on the judgment and opinion of knowledgeable
individuals?
a. qualitative
b. short-term
c. confirmatory
d. predictive
e. best case scenario
4) If a manager wanted to predict next quarter's sales on the basis of four years of previous
sales data, she would probably use ______________.

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 a. time series analysis.
b. sales force composition.
c. regression models.
d. econometric models.
e. substitution effect.
5) According to the text, a ______________ is a modified Gantt Chart.
a. PERT Network Analysis
b. Load Chart
c. critical paths
d. event chart
6) In order to compute breakeven point, a manager needs to know all of the following
EXCEPT:
a. price of the product being sold.
b. fixed cost per unit.
c. variable cost per unit.
d. total fixed costs.
7) Communication between two or more people is called ______________.
a. organizational communication.
b. interpersonal communication.
c. extrapersonal communication.
d. intrapersonal communication.
e. segment communication
8) All of the following are mentioned in the text as elements in the communication process
EXCEPT:
a. the communication source.
b. the message.
c. feedforward
d. feedback
e. the channel
9) ______________ is described as the process when the symbols of a message are translated
into a form that the receiver can understand.
a. decoding
b. encoding
c. reinstating
d. expanding
e. extending
10) Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text as one of the three leadership styles
explored in the University of Iowa studies?
a. cultural style
b. autocratic style
c. democratic style
d. laissez-faire style

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11) Which of the following describes the leadership style in which the leader generally gives
the group complete freedom to make decisions and complete the work in whatever way
it saw fit?
a. cultural style
b. autocratic style
c. democratic style
d. laissez-faire style
12) According to the Ohio State studies, which of the following dimensions of leader behavior
refers to the extent to which a leader is likely to define and structure his or her role and
the roles of group members in the search for goal attainment?
a. intelligence structure
b. psychological structure
c. initiating structure
d. consideration structure
13) Who developed the first contingency model for leadership?
a. Blake and Mouton
b. Fiedler
c. Adler
d. Lewin
e. Schmidt
14) The least preferred co-worker questionnaire was developed by ______________.
a. Victor Vroom
b. Robert House
c. Fred Fiedler (difficult)
d. French and Raven
e. David McClelland
15) Fiedler assumed a person's leadership style was ______________.
a. contingent.
b. relative.
c. dimensional.
d. fixed.
e. team oriented.
16) Fiedler's term ______________ refers to the degree to which the job assignments are
formalized and procedurized.
a. leader-member relations
b. power relationship
c. task structure
d. authority
e. position power
17) According to Fielder, in what types of situations do task-oriented leaders perform best?
a.very favorable, very unfavorable
b. moderately favorable, moderately unfavorable
c. very favorable, unfavorable
d. very unfavorable, unfavorable
e. very favorable, favorable

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18) Which of the following leadership styles describes a leader who provides both directive
and supportive behavior?
a. telling
b. selling
c. participating
d. delegating
e. referring
19) The ultimate criterion to determine the control system effectiveness is how well it
facilitates ______________.
a. management desires.
b. organizational goals.
c. employee satisfaction.
d. increased market share.
e. lowering production defects
20) In the ______________ control system, company divisions are turned into corporate profit
centers for evaluation.
a. market
b. clan
c. traditional
d. bureaucratic
e. strategic
21) Standardization of activities, well-defined job descriptions, and budgets would be sources
depended on by what type of organizational control system?
a. bureaucratic
b. strategic
c. clan
d. traditional
e. market
22) Which of the organizational control systems is heavily dependent on the individual, group,
and the use of teams?
a. strategic
b. clan
c. bureaucratic
d. traditional
e. market

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Third Question: (20 grads)

1)In a short essay, mention the four common sources of information frequently used by
managers to measure actual performance. Include the advantages and disadvantages of one
of them.

2) In a short essay, list and discuss three characteristics of an effective control system.

3) In a short essay, discuss the path-goal leadership theory developed by Robert House.

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 4) In a short essay, discuss how visionary leadership differs from charismatic leadership.

Fourth Question: (‫ دإرجات‬10) ‫يأجاب عليه مان الطلبة الذيأن لم يأتقدماوا الى الماتحان النصفي‬

1) If planning is so crucial, why do some managers choose not to do it? What would you
tell these managers?

2) Why is decision-making often described as the essence of the manager’s job?