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Pdvsa: Engineering Design Manual
Pdvsa: Engineering Design Manual
ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION
PDVSA N° TITLE
APPD.BY Alexis Arévalo DATE DEC. 98 APPD.BY J.E. Rojas DATE DEC. 98
PDVSA
REVISION FECHA
Index
1 SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2 APPLICABLE SPECIFICATIONS, CODES AND STANDARDS . . 2
2.1 Petróleos de Venezuela S.A. (PDVSA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2.2 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2.3 Pipe Fabrication Institute (PFI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
3 REGULATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
4 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
5 BENDING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
5.1 Carbon Steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
5.2 Ferritic Alloy Steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
5.3 Chrome Nickel Austenitic Alloy Steel and Non–Ferrous Materials . . . . . . 4
6 HEAT TREATMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
7 INSPECTION AND TESTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION PDVSA H–223
PDVSA
REVISION FECHA
1 SCOPE
This specification covers minimum requirements to be met for bending of pipes,
either hot or cold methods. Bending methods and processes shall be in
accordance with PFI Standard ES–24.
3 REGULATIONS
Should there be any conflict between Venezuelan laws, standards and
regulations, this specification, ASME and PFI standards, the order of prevalences
shall be as follows:.
1. Venezuelan laws, standards and regulations
2. This specification
3. ASME B31.3.
4. PFI
4 GENERAL
4.1 All pipe material used for bending shall be new and undamaged.
ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION PDVSA H–223
PDVSA
REVISION FECHA
4.2 Excesive scratches, gouges and die marks from mandrel or dies of pipes bending
machines shall be cause of rejection if deemed necessary by Owner’s
representative. If pipe bends are rejected, cost of material and labor for bending
new section of pipe shall be done by bending contractor.
4.3 Bending to a radious less than five times the nominal dismeter of pipe will not be
permitted unless otherwise specified on the applicable Owner’s drawings.
4.4 When bends of less than five times the nominal diameter of pipe are required, a
description of the bending method shall be subjected to the review and approval
in writting of Owner’s representative.
5 BENDING
5.1 Carbon Steel
5.1.1 The use of gas torches and water during hot bending shall be subjeted to approval
of Owner’s representative
5.1.2 Yield and tensile strength properties throughout the bends shall meet or exceed
those specified by the appropiate API or ASTM grade of the furnished pipe.
5.1.3 Stress relief is required when the permanent strain everywhere in the bend is
equal or exceeds 2%.
5.1.4 Minimum Charpy V–Notch impact energy of bent section shall meet or exceed the
minimum Charpy V–Notch impact energy of the line pipe
5.1.5 Maximum hardness of bent section shall not exceed the maximum hardness
specified of the line pipe.
5.1.6 Hot forming temperature shall not exceed 982 °C (1800 °F). Bends for which the
final forming temperature is above 621 °C (1150 °F) do not require heat treatment
unless the permanent strain exceeds 2%. Bends for which the final forming
temperature is bellow 612 °C (1150 °F) shall be heat treated at a temperature
between 593 °C and 680 °C (1100 °F to 1250 °F) for one hour per inch of nominal
wall thickness, then cooled in still air.
5.1.7 The weld seam of longitudinal seam pipe shall be oriented no closer than
+/– 45° to the plane of the bend radious.
5.1.8 Hot bends in carbon steel pipes when intended for a services at temperature
below –7 °C (19 °F) shall be given full anneal heat treatment at 680 °C (1250
°F) in which the rate of cooling from the annealing temperature shall be slow
enough to produce a maximum hardness in the annealed pieces of 180 Brinnell.
ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION PDVSA H–223
PDVSA
REVISION FECHA
6 HEAT TREATMENT
6.1 When required, stress relief by heat treatment shall be in accordance with ASME
Code B31.3 for all pipes, unless otherwise indicated in this specification.