Marius Pesavento - marius.pesavento@mimoOn.

de
Willem Mulder - willem.mulder@mimoOn.de
LTE Tutorial part 2
Advanced topics in LTE

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 1
Outline

Advanced topics in LTE

 The LTE MIMO modes
 Codebook-based precoding
 Closed loop operation
 CQI reporting modes
 Using antenna port 5 (SDMA) techniques
 Simulation results
 Outlook LTE Advanced

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 2
MIMO Channel

MIMO
detector

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 3
MIMO Precoding

optimum „Eigen“ precoding

requires perfect channel
knowledge (CSI)
at the Transmitter

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 4
Parallel AWGN channels

Equivalent SISO channels

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 5
Transmit/Receive beamforming
interpretation

Tx Beam 1 Rx Beam 1

Transmit Tx Beam 2 Rx Beam 2 Receive

Beamformer(s) Beamformer(s)

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 6
Codebook based
Spatial Multiplexing (SM)
 Precoding matrix is selected from codebook
 Reduced signaling at cost of quantization error (lose
rate optimality)
 Equivalent MIMO channels no longer parallel
(decoupled), reduction in rate
 Receiver matrix can be designed arbitrarily.
In practice interference among the streams not
completely removed:
 receive SINR for the k-th stream

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 7
 MIMO Tx processing blocks in LTE
(spatial MUX)
 maximum 4 spatial streams (layers)
 maximum 2 TBs (codewords), each with corresponding MCS.
 2Tx: Code-book with 2 precoding matrices (closed-loop)
CR 1 layer mapping
MS 1
layer 0 Tx 0 frame mapper
frequency first, then IFFT
TB 1 Turbo 2-MUX OFDM symbol index
encoder modulator or layer 1 Tx 1 frame mapper
Rate Match
1-MUX frequency first, then IFFT
Precoding OFDM symbol index
CR 2 MS 2
layer 2 Tx 2 frame mapper
TB 2 Turbo 2-MUX frequency first, then IFFT
OFDM symbol index
encoder modulator or layer 3 Tx 3
Rate Match frame mapper
1-MUX frequency first, then IFFT
OFDM symbol index

 is selected from set of 16 precoding matrices.

 code contains matrices of type: (and column permutated versions)

; ; ;

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 8
 MIMO schemes

 Transmit diversity
 increase the reliability of the link,
migrate fading
 diversity order / diversity gain: number multipath
of inpendent replica (fades) of the signal fading constructive or destuctive
 Spatial multiplexing superposition

 increase spectral efficiency

 multiplexing gain: number of spatial
streams transmitted on a time-
frequency resource fading

 upper-bounded by min(Mt,Mr) LOS

 requires rich multipath environment ⇒
full channel rank
 Beamforming (rank 1) rank 1
 Tx and Rx beamforming ⇒ Single stream
 array gain through coherent combining only!
increases signal-to-noise-and-
interference-ratio (SINR)
 requires correlated antennas (e.g. in
Line-Of-Sight transmission)

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 9
DL-MIMO modes in LTE

 Single antenna port (no MIMO)

 Transmit Diversity (TD), space-frequency Alamouti
code
 Open-loop Spatial Multiplexing (SM)
 Closed-loop SM
 Multi-User (MU) MIMO
 Rank 1 closed-loop SM (compressed control
signaling)
 Antenna port 5 beamforming, UE specific reference
signals

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 10
Cyclic (Large) Delay Diversity
(CDD)

x0
frequency
small delay “flat”
spread

τ0 frequency
delay spread
selective

x0 τ1

τ2
τ1
τ3
τ2
„artificial“
multipath τ3

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 11
 Open-loop SM
 Inferference „randomization“.
 In single layer transmission (TRI = 1) TD mode (Alamouti) is
used. layer
CR 1 mapping
MS 1
L0 Tx0 frame mapper
frequency first, then IFFT
TB 1 Turbo 2-MUX OFDM symbol index
modulator or L1 Tx1 frame mapper
encoder Cyclic
1-MUX DFT Pre- frequency first, then IFFT
Delay OFDM symbol index
CR 2 MS 2 Matrix coding
L2 Matrix Tx2 frame mapper
TB 2 Turbo 2-MUX frequency first, then IFFT
OFDM symbol index
modulator or L3 Tx3
encoder frame mapper
1-MUX frequency first, then IFFT
OFDM symbol index

 is matrix formed from permutation of vectors:

 column permutation changing every k subcarriers in a pre-defined manner.

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 12
 Spatial Diversity
Space-Time-Coding: Alamouti

encoded bit h0
stream y0 s0

space-time
space-time

decoder
decoder
encoder
…,b3, b2, b1, b0,...
… s1, s0,... … s1, s0,...

h1… y1, y0,... y*1 s1

… s*0, -s*1,...
Symbol
modulator equivalent „MIMO“ channel

„MIMO“ equalizer/detector

No CSI at
the transmitter
required!!!

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 13
 Space-Frequency Transmit Diversity
“Alamouti-zation”
subcarrier index
port #0 reference signal
X
0 0 0 S5 S4 X 0 0 0 S1 S0 X IFFT
„zeros“ as reference
port #1 0 signal place holder
S7 S6 X 0 0 0 S3 S2 X 0 0 0 IFFT „zeros“ from
0 orthogonal SF code
port #2
0 0 0 S4* -S5* 0 0 0 0 S0* -S1* 0 IFFT S1 data symbol

port #3
S6* -S7* 0 0 0 0 S2* -S3* 0 0 0 0 IFFT

 Single CW transmission, i.e single MCS.

 Simple receiver structure, no matrix inversion required
equalized received
symbol equivalent channel vector rather feed un-scaled
„equalized symbol“ and
scaling factor to soft
demodulator than perform
division at this point

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 14
 Diversity order

(Symbol) error rate:

Diversity gain:
Coding gain:

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 15
 Multiplexing – Diversity tradeoff

LTE spatial diversity techniques achieve:

 diversity order (Mt£Mr):
 full diversity for 2Tx
 half diversity for 4Tx
 rate (min(Mt , Mr)):
 full rate only for single antenna receiver
 half rate for 2Tx and 2Rx
 ¼ rate for 4Tx and 4Rx
 In LTE orthogonal space frequency block codes (OSTBC) are
used that allow simple receiver structures
⇒Symbol by symbol detection rather than vector detection.

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 16
Cell-Edge Beamforming
 to improve coverage for cell-edge user.
 to reduce inter-and intra-cell interference.
 rank-1 assumption (LOS).
reduced signaling overhead
 eNB aquires statistical information, e.g.
DoDs of co-channel users at cell-edge
LOS
LOS LOS  eNB computes optimum beamformer weights
LOS for each user and applies them in the DL
transmission, no codebook and subband
restriction.
 multiple users are served on overlapping
resources (MU-MIMO)
 beamformer weights are explicitly signaled
using user specific RS.
 UE “sees” equivalent SI channel.
 dedicated RS of all users in a cell are
transmitted on the same RE (interference),
UE correlates received signal with dedicated
(RNTI-based) pseudo random sequence.
 LTE-feature that is expected to not be
cell-specific supported at initial network rollout.
frequency shift

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 17
Antenna port 5 downlink beamforming
Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)

Femtocell basestation

FU2
FU1 MU3

MU2 Macro
MU1 basestation

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 18
 Beamformer design and signaling

Subject to
QoS constraint for
femtocell user

Maximum interference
constrainst for macrocell user
 Beamformers can be implicitly signaled to the users of
the cell using antenna port 5 reference signals.
Problem: Uncertainties in the DL channels
 UL-DL reciprocity (e.g. in TDD)
 channel feedback (requires cooperation of base
stations)
 Paramterer estimation, Line-Of-Sight
Robust designs wrt. channel mismatch can be used.
Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 19
CQI report and 4-bit CQI table

subband CQI index =differential CQI + wideband CQI index

2-bit subband differential CQI

CQI modulation code efficiency
index rate x Differential CQI value Offset level
1024
0 ≤1
0 out of range
1 2
1 QPSK 78 0.1523
2 3
2 QPSK 120 0.2344
3 ≥4
3 QPSK 193 0.3770
4 QPSK 308 0.6016 3-bit subband/wideband
5 QPSK 449 0.8770 spatial differential CQI
6 QPSK 602 1.1758
Spatial differential CQI Offset level
value
7 16QAM 378 1.4766
0 0
8 16QAM 490 1.9141
1 1
9 16QAM 616 2.4063
2 2
10 64QAM 466 2.7305
3 ≥3
11 64QAM 567 3.3223
12 64QAM 666 3.9023
4 ≤-4

13 64QAM 772 4.5234 5 -3

14 64QAM 873 5.1152 6 -2

15 64QAM 948 5.5547 7 -1

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 20
 Adaptive coding and modulation
in DL grant
MCS Modul TBS TBS for TBS for
Index ation Index 1 RB … 110 RBs
Order 1layer 1layer
0 2 0 16 … 3112
1 2 1 24 … 4008
2 2 2 32 … 4968
3 2 3 40 … 6456
4 2 4 56 … 7992
5 2 5 72 … 9528
6 2 6 328 … 11448
7 2 7 104 … 13536
8 2 8 120 … 15264
9 2 9 136 … 17568
10 4 9 136 … 17568
11 4 10 144 … 19080
12 4 11 176 … 22152
13 4 12 208 … 25456
14 4 13 224 … 28336
15 4 14 256 … 31704
16 4 15 280 … 34008
17 6 15 280 … 34008
18 6 16 328 … 35160
19 6 17 336 … 39232
20 6 18 376 … 43816
21 6 19 408 … 46888
22 6 20 440 … 51024
23 6 21 488 … 55056 Tdoc R1-07CQI_NNSN01
24 6 22 520 … 59256 for code rate approx 1
25 6 23 552 … 63776
26 6 24 584 … 66592
27 6 25 616 … 71112
28 6 26 712 … 75376
29 2
reserve
30 4 reserved … reserved
d
31 6
LTE target!!!
Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 21
 SINR to CQI conversion
for MMSE detector

4 x 4 MIMO, full-rank

for subcarrier k , precoding index i,

and precoding matrix Pi

MMSE estimate of SINR corresponding to layer p and PMI i

PMI

subcarrier
layer
(column in PM)

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 22
 Average (effective) SINR
Estimate for CW 0 (corresponds to averaging over layer 1 and 2)

Weighting function for average SINR computation (based on rate)

General: averaging over layer, subcarriers,…

SINR(N-3)
SINR(N)

SINR(2)
SINI(N-1)

SINR(N-2)

SINR(3)

SINR(1)
SINR(4)

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 23
 MIMO transmission modes

Transmission mode Transmission scheme of PDSCH

1 Single-antenna port, port 0
open-loop,
2 Transmit diversity
no-PMI
3 Transmit diversity if the associated feedback
rank indicator is 1, otherwise large
delay CDD
4 Closed-loop spatial multiplexing
5 Multi-user MIMO
6 Closed-loop spatial multiplexing with a closed-loop,
single transmission layer with PMI
feedback
7 If the number of PBCH antenna ports
is one, Single-antenna port, port 0;
otherwise Transmit diversity

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 24
 CQI reporting modes

PUSCH CQI: aperiodic

Feedback Type
No PMI Single PMI Multiple PMI
Transmission mode 1 : Modes 2-0, 3-0
Transmission mode 2 : Modes 2-0, 3-0 Wideband
Transmission mode 3 : Modes 2-0, 3-0 (wideband CQI) Mode 1-2

Transmission mode 4 : Modes 1-2, 2-2, 3-1 UE Selected

Transmission mode 5 : Mode 3-1 (subband CQI) Mode 2-0 Mode 2-2
Transmission mode 6 : Modes 1-2, 2-2, 3-1 Higher Layer-
Transmission mode 7 : Modes 2-0, 3-0 configured
(suband CQI) Mode 3-0 Mode 3-1

PMI Feedback Type

PUCCH CQI: periodic

Feedback Type No PMI Single PMI

Transmission mode 1 : Modes 1-0, 2-0 Wideband Mode 1-0 Mode 1-1
Transmission mode 2 : Modes 1-0, 2-0 (wideband CQI)
Transmission mode 3 : Modes 1-0, 2-0
Transmission mode 4 : Modes 1-1, 2-1
Transmission mode 5 : Modes 1-1, 2-1
Transmission mode 6 : Modes 1-1, 2-1 UE Selected Mode 2-0 Mode 2-1
Transmission mode 7 : Modes 1-0, 2-0 (subband CQI)

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 25
 Higher layer configured reporting
modes: aperidodic reporting
mode 3-0 mode 3-1
single antenna, port 5 closed-loop SM
TD and open-loop SM
CW 0 CW 1
SINR(1) ∆CQI(1) ∆CQI(1) ∆CQI(1)

SINR(2) ∆CQI(2) ∆CQI(2) ∆CQI(2)

Frequency (subbands)

Frequency (subbands)
SINR(3) ∆CQI(3) ∆CQI(3) ∆CQI(3)

∆CQI(4) ∆CQI(4) ∆CQI(4)

CQI(wideband)

CQI(wideband)

CQI(wideband)

PMI(wideband)
SINR(4)

SINR(N-3) ∆CQI(N-3) ∆CQI(N-3) ∆CQI(N-3)

SINR(N-2) ∆CQI(N-2) ∆CQI(N-2) ∆CQI(N-2)

SINI(N-1) ∆CQI(N-1) ∆CQI(N-1) ∆CQI(N-1)

SINR(N) ∆CQI(N) ∆CQI(N) ∆CQI(N)

SINR #bits 2N 4 2N 4 2|1|4

#bits 2N 4
+Rank Indicator (RI)
Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 26
UE selected reporting: mode 2-0 for
single antenna, port 5, TD and open
loop SM: aperiodic reporting

measurements

SINR(4)
SINR

SINR(N-1)
SINR(1)

SINI(2)

SINR(N-2)
SINR(N-3)

SINR(N)
SINR(3)
report # of bits
Frequency (subbands)
bitmap of
prefered M
subband L

CQI(N-3)

CQI(N-2)

CQI(N-1)

CQI(N)
CQI(1)

CQI(2)

CQI(3)

CQI(4)
locations

wideband 4
CQI CQI(wideband)

subband 2
∆average CQI(selected subbands)
∆CQI

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 27
 UE selected reporting: mode 2-2 for
closed-loop SM: aperidodic reporting
CW 0 CW 1 CW 0 CW 1
SINR(1) CQI(1) SINR(1) CQI(1) CQI(1)

∆average CQI(selected subbands)

∆average CQI(selected subbands)

SINR(2) CQI(2) SINR(2) CQI(2) CQI(2)
Frequency (subbands)

SINR(3) CQI(3) SINR(3) CQI(3) CQI(3)

CQI(wideband)

CQI(wideband)
SINR(4) CQI(4) SINR(4) CQI(4) CQI(4)

PMI
SINR(N-3) CQI(N-3) SINI(N-3) CQI(N-3) CQI(N-3)

SINR(N-2) CQI(N-2) SINR(N-2) CQI(N-2) CQI(N-2)

SINI(N-1) CQI(N-1) SINI(N-1) CQI(N-1) CQI(N-1)

SINR(N) CQI(N) SINR(N) CQI(N) CQI(N)

report location of subband subband

SINR SINR preferred CQI CQI
subbands

measurements per PMI required !!! #bits L 4|2|8 4 2 4 2

select best PMI and subands
(in terms of combined data rate) +Rank Indicator (RI)
Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 28
 Wideband CQI reporting
modes: aperidodic reporting
mode 1-2
closed-loop SM

CW0 CW1
PMI(1) SINR(1) +Rank Indicator (RI)
PMI(2) SINR(2)
Frequency (subbands)

PMI(3) SINR(3)
CQI(wideband)

CQI(wideband)

PMI(4) SINR(4)

PMI(N-3) SINR(N-3)

PMI(N-2) SINR(N-2)

PMI(N-1) SINI(N-1)

PMI(N) SINR(N)

#bits 4 4 2N| N|4N SINR

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 29
 Higher layer configured reporting
modes for perdiodic feedback:
perdiodic reporting
mode 1-0 mode 1-1 (rank 1) mode 1-1 (rank 2)
single antenna port, closed-loop SM, MU-MIMO closed-loop SM, MU-MIMO
open-loop SM, TD
CW 0 CW 1

Frequency (subbands)
CW 0 CW 0
Frequency (subbands)

Frequency (subbands)

differential spatial CQI(wideband)

CQI(wideband)

PMI(wideband)
CQI(wideband)

CQI(wideband)

PMI(wideband)

+Rank
Indicator
#bits 4 #bits 4 2|1|4 (RI) #bits 4 3 2|1|4

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 30
 UE selected reporting: mode 2-0 for
single antenna, port 5, TD and open
loop SM: periodic reporting
measurements

SINR(4)
SINR

SINR(N-1)
SINR(1)

SINI(2)

SINR(N-2)
SINR(N-3)

SINR(N)
SINR(3)
report # of bits
bitmap of prefered M L Frequency (subbands)
subband locations for
current bandwidth

CQI(N-3)

CQI(N-2)

CQI(N-1)

CQI(N)
CQI(1)

CQI(2)

CQI(3)

CQI(4)
part
wideband 4
CQI
subband 4
CQI N1 N2 N
J

L = log 2 N RB / k / J 
DL CQI(wideband)

CQI(selected subbands)

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 31
 UE selected reporting:
mode 2-1for closed-loop SM:
periodic reporting
measurements per PMI !!! select best PMI and subands
(in terms of combined data rate)
CW 0 CW 1 CW 0 CW 1
SINR(1) CQI(1) SINR(1) CQI(1) CQI(1)

differential CQI(selected subbands)

differential spatial CQI(wideband)
SINR(2) CQI(2) SINR(2) CQI(2) N1 CQI(2)

CQI(selected subbands)
SINR(3) CQI(3) SINR(3) CQI(3) CQI(3)
Frequency (subbands)

CQI(wideband)
SINR(4) CQI(4) SINR(4) CQI(4) CQI(4)

PMI
SINR(N-3) CQI(N-3) SINI(N-3) CQI(N-3) CQI(N-3)
SINR(N-2) CQI(N-2) SINR(N-2) CQI(N-2) CQI(N-2)

SINI(N-1) CQI(N-1) SINI(N-1) CQI(N-1) NJ CQI(N-1)

SINR(N) CQI(N) SINR(N) CQI(N) CQI(N)

SINR report location of sub- sub-

SINR preferred band band

L = log 2 N RB / k / J 
DL subbands in CQI CQI
Bandwidth part j

#bits L 2|1|4 4 4 3 3
k = subband size
J = number of bandwidth parts (see also next slide) +Rank Indicator (RI)
Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 32
 Report timing configuration for
mode 2-1: periodic reporting
MRI = 2: RI reporting periodicity with respect to WB reporting periodicity

NP = 2: Reporting Periodicity in TTIs

J = 3: SB bitmap-report is split into J bandwidth parts that are reported in consecutive intervals
K = 2: SB reporting periodicity (J consecutive SB reports) with respect to WB reporting periodicity

SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB
WB WB
RI CQI CQI CQI CQI CQI CQI CQI CQI CQI
CQI CQI
j=0 j= 1 j=2 j=0 j= 1 j=2 j=0 j= 1 j=2

…continue…

SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB SB
WB WB
CQI CQI CQI RI CQI CQI CQI CQI CQI CQI
CQI CQI
j=0 j= 1 j=2 j=0 j= 1 j=2 j=0 j= 1 j=2

report location of preferred PMI WB sub- WB sub-

subbands in CQI band CQI band
Bandwidth part j CW1 CQI CW2 CQI

#bits L 2|1|4 4 4 3 3

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 33
 Multi-User DL MIMO

mode 3-1
closed-loop SM
CW 0 CW 1
∆CQI(1) ∆CQI(1)

∆CQI(2) ∆CQI(2)

Frequency (subbands)
∆CQI(3) ∆CQI(3)

CQI(wideband)

CQI(wideband)

PMI(wideband)
∆CQI(4) ∆CQI(4)

∆CQI(N-3) ∆CQI(N-3)

∆CQI(N-2) ∆CQI(N-2)

 MAC scheduler decides on users ∆CQI(N-1) ∆CQI(N-1)

„pairing“ ∆CQI(N) ∆CQI(N)

 Maximum 2 users on same resource

due to 2TB restriction #bits 2N 4 2N 4 2|1|4

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 34
Multi-User DL MIMO
for for channel „experienced“ at user 1
desired interfering
UE 1 UE 2
UE 1
2

UE 2 4
channel „experienced“ at user 2
interfering desired

No joint processing at Rx, no cooperation!

Pre-coding matrix selection (UE1) maximize

2 4
4 2
2 4

UE 1 UE 2 minimize

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 35
UL-MIMO
 UL-MIMO is not explicitly supported in LTE,
 single antenna port in UL, no single-
user(SU) SM in UL
 demodulation UL reference signals (DRS)
of different users overlap/interfere
 DRS of different users are separated in TD
according to „cyclic-shift“ of identical sequence
(theoretical max. of 8 user, depending on delay-
spread)
 depends on eNB scheduler‘s flexibility and PHY
support
„cyclic-shift“ zero
r*PUSCH(k)
h1[t]+ h2[t]+…+ h12[t]

FFT DRS demapper x IFFT

h1[t] h2[t] h3[t] h12[t]

delay spread max 12 cyclic shift

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 36
Spectral efficiency
3GPP self-evaluation results

Source: 3GPP self evaluation results, 3GPP TSG-RAN chair, oct 2009

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 37
 LTE DL simulation results reported
by the Top4 leading LTE vendors

14000000
16QAM 1/2 EVA5 50 RB 2x2 SFBC

12000000
Throughput [Bits]

10000000

8000000
1
2
mimoOn
3
6000000
4

4000000

2000000

0
-10 -5 0 5 10 15 20
SNR in dB

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 38
LTE-Advanced: Concepts
100 MHz

 Improved Spectrum Flexibility 20 MHz 20 MHz

 Bandwidth up to 100MHz
 Spectrum and carrier aggregation

 MIMO
 support SM in UL
 Higher order MIMO in DL
 Coordinated Multipoint Transmission
from interference randomization to
interference coordination eNB

 Multihop Relays relay

 L1 repeaters to improve coverage node
UE
 L3 relays for self-backhauling eNB

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 39
 LTE-Advanced
advanced MIMO receiver structure

2 codewords used,
each S/P-mapped onto 2 Tx antennas
SD-SIC for OFDMA
Channel estimate

Signal
construction

Yk ,1 Rate
S/P LLR calc. Decoder
matching
Yk , 2
LMMSE / Soft IC
Yk ,3 S/P LLR calc.
Rate
Decoder
matching
Yk , 4
Signal
construction

Channel estimate

Figure: NSN: R1-083732 / 2008-09-23

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 40
 End of Part 2

Thank you!!!

Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK © mimoOn 41