Zaira May O.

Valdeavilla
BSA-III

Seatwork:

1. Define material handling?

‘Material Handling’ refers to the ‘moving of materials from the store room to the machine and
from one machine to the next during the process of manufacture’. It is also defined as the ‘art
and science of moving, packing and storing of products in any form’. It is a specialised activity
for a modern manufacturing concern, with 50 to 75% of the cost of production. This cost can be
reduced by proper section, operation and maintenance of material handling devices. Material
handling devices increases the output, improves quality, speeds up the deliveries and decreases
the cost of production. Hence, material handling is a prime consideration in the designing new
plant and several existing plants.

2. What are the objectives of material handling?

The primary objective of a material handling system is to reduce the unit cost of production. The
other subordinate objectives are:

a) Minimise cost of material handling.

b) Minimise delays and interruptions by making available the materials at the point of use at
right quantity and at right time.
c) Increase the productive capacity of the production facilities by effective utilisation of
capacity and enhancing productivity.
d) Safety in material handling through improvement in working condition.
e) Maximum utilisation of material handling equipment.
f) Prevention of damages to materials.
g) Lower investment in process inventory

3. What are the principles of material handling?

There are generally three types of principles of material handling: a.) principles related to
planning, b.) principles related to equipment and c.) principles related to operations.

A. Principles Related to Planning:

a) Planning Principle:
All material handling activities should be planned.

b) Systems Principle:
Handling activities be integrated and coordinated. Handling activities are receiving,
storage, in-process handling, inspection, packaging, warehousing, shipping and trans-
portation.
 c) Simplification Principle:
Reduce, combine or eliminate unnecessary movements and/or equipment.

d) Material Flow Principle:

Material flow pattern must be determined by operation sequence and pattern of
equipment arrangement.

e) Gravity Principle:
Utilize gravity where possible.,

f) Unit Size Principle:

Increase size, quantity, weight of the load handled. Since larger the load, lesser will be
the cost per unit handled.

g) Space Utilisation Principle:

Optimum utilisation of building space.

h) Safety Principle:
Safe handling methods and equipment for better working conditions and to avoid unsafe
conditions.,

(B) Principles Related to Equipment:

a) Mechanisation Principle:
For increasing efficiency use mechanised handling equipment but to the desired extent
only.

b) Flexibility Principle:
Equipment’s capable of handling variety of tasks be used.

c) Equipment Selection Principle:

Select equipment very carefully considering all aspects of materials, movements, and the
method.

d) Standardisation Principle:
Standardise equipment as well as methods.

e) Light Weight Principle:

Reduce weight of equipment.

f) Motion Principle:
The handling equipment should be kept in motion i.e., minimum period for loading,
unloading or other idleness.

g) Idle-time Principle:
Reduce idle and unproductive time.
 h) Obsolescence Principle:
Obsolete methods and equipment be replaced by efficient methods and equipment.

i) Maintenance Principle:
Preventive maintenance practices are adopted for handling equipment.

C. Principles Related to Operation:

a) Control Principle:
Control production and inventory through materials handling equipment.

b) Capacity Principle:
Production capacity should be fully achieved.

c) Performance Principle:
Performance of handling is measured in terms of cost per unit handled, safe working con-
dition, and increase in production rate or reduced manpower for handling.
This is the effect of all preceding activities.

4. What do you mean by “Equipment Utilisation Ratio”?

Equipment utilisation ratio is an important indicator for judging the materials handling system.
This ratio can be computed and compared with similar firms or in the same over a period of time.

5. What are the fixed path equipment?

Fixed path equipments which move in a fixed path. Conveyors, monorail devices, chutes and
pulley drive equipments belong to this category. A slight variation in this category is provided by
the overhead crane, which though restricted, can move materials in any manner within a
restricted area by virtue of its design. Overhead cranes have a very good range in terms of
hauling tonnage and are used for handling bulky raw materials, stacking and at times palletizing.

6. What are the valuable path equipment?

Variable path equipments have no restrictions in the direction of movement although their size is
a factor to be given due consideration trucks, forklifts mobile cranes and industrial tractors
belong to this category. Forklifts are available in many ranges, they are manoeuvrable and
various attachments are provided to increase their versatility.
Zaira May Valdeavilla
BSa-III

Skills Development

1. Material handling in Jollibee for production and services.

“Spreading the joy of eating to everyone,” Jollibee Foods Corporation has grown brands that
bring delightful dining experience to its customers worldwide. Every day, millions of people
enjoy the great tasting food in a happy and fun Jollibee restaurant. When they stand before the
counter, they already know more or less what they want: crispy chicken joy, spaghetti, yum
burger and etc.

But how are these great tasting food made? How do the Jollibee Food Corporation make sure the
same satisfying taste is experienced again? How do they make sure that they are safe? Many of
their products are cooked inside the store and that’s what customers see as in frying the French
fries. “Actually, there are so many things take place before the food reaches the store, a long and
complex supply chain that it is so much driven by time,” said by the team leader of crews of
JFC-Sm Lucena branch.

According to Edison Camelon, the crew team leader, they used the POS system or what they
called Point of Sale system to render good customer services. A Point of Sale (POS) System is
where you make transaction, record sales, and track inventory of your business ANYTIME and
ANYWHERE. As the core business of the JFC is all about the development, operation and
franchising of its quick-service restaurant brands, this system really helps a lot because the
business can operate and earn even though you’re not physically in the restaurant. The best
example is you can get fresh, complete and affordable meals, anytime, anywhere through the 8-7000
Jollibee Express Delivery Service. Whether you find yourself stuck indoors or craving for a Jollibee treat,
you just need to dial 8-7000 and enjoy Jollibee’s extensive menu of tasty Filipino food.

On the other hand, there is a complex supply chain when it comes to material handling for production.