Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Abstract
A study will be carried out to assess the over-crowded class rooms that effect the student
achievements in academia at secondary level govt. schools of District Toba Tek Singh. The study
will be focused on the problems that are being faced by the students and the teachers in
overcrowded classes. For this purpose,15-20 government girl schools (2-3 classroom/ 50-60
students) at the secondary level in district Toba Tek Singh will be included in this study. A
questionnaire will be designed and surveyed in order to get the data regarding the problems of
over-crowding faced by students,how student can physiologically, sociologically and
psychologically deprived in heavy classes and to find out the teacher-student interactions in this
regard. The questions will be set in the questionnaire will be based on the problems of
overcrowding in the classrooms and the planning used by the teachers to overcome this odd
situation. The data will be given both quantitative and qualitative treatment. Spearman
correlation coefficient will be used to rank the problems of overcrowded classes and the
strategies used by the teachers to overcome these problems. The teacher perspective regarding
knowledge, attitude and skill will also be assessed affecting the performance of the students.
Some stressful conditions due to overcrowded classroom like inadequate classroom space, noise
making, lack of individual attention, issues related to safety and health, minimal learner and
teacher interaction, disruptive behaviors, teachers experienced emotional and psychological
problems, increased workload and inadequate teaching time will also be addressed. Addressing
these indispensable tools will equip the students to be open minded and creative, thus to achieve
their respective goals. This study will be helpful in making conclusions about how to tackle the
situation of overcrowded classrooms and how to adopt modern teaching aids other than teaching
methods to overcome the situation.
For the development of harmony and to exercise all human rights in the society,
education is an indispensable tool. It also played a vital role in the individual’s well-being. It
is also an instrument for endowing all mankind to adore their political, economic and social
rights. When number of students exceeds the optimal level and causingproblemsin the
teaching- learning process, that classroom is said to be overcrowded.Out of total
infrastructure of the school, the classroom is the utmostsignificant area. The
learnerspassmaximum time in the classrooms for getting knowledge. The whole atmosphere
of a classroom depicts the significances, objectives, attitude and character development of the
student. Student knowledge performance can be enhanced when teachers take time to build a
classroom climate in such a way that they feel comfortable with their educators. But
unfortunately, the classrooms in our country are overcrowded.
The class room environment plays an important role for meaningful learning. It is the
nucleus of every education interface among the teacher and the students. The teaching and
learning process usually takes place in the classrooms (Oriere, 2007). Oyesola (2007)
reported thatnumber of classroom required in a school depends upon the student’s
population, teachers and other staff. Overcrowded classes have been considered one of the
most challenging problems facing students and teachers as well. Overcrowded classrooms
may create an obstacle in the students’ academic achievement in secondary school education.
These students achievements can produce the best quality graduates who will serve te nation
in a better way and can play a pivotal role country’s economic and social development (Ali
etal., 2009). Educators, trainers, and researchers are the major contributors in achieving the
optimum academic performance of the students (Crosnoe et al., 2004). The parental interest
in achieving academic performance of the students leads to get higher level of quality in
academic success (Barnard, 2004; Shumox and Lomax, 2001).
In all over the world, students face many problems when endeavoring to learn in an
overcrowded classroom in secondary schools which include instructional, management,
assessment and discipline problems (Benbow et al, 2007). Amarat (2011) also narrated that
one of the most serious problems faced by teachers in secondary schools is overcrowded
classrooms. The students become frustrated, despondent and disheartened in overcrowded
classrooms. The students develop negative attitude and behavior in the society. There is a
direct influence of overcrowded classrooms on found in their studies that overcrowded
classrooms have a direct impact on teaching and learning. Overcrowded classrooms have not
only affected learner performance but also put enormous stress on teachers (Oliver and
Lippman, 2007). Fin and Achilles (2007) contended that overcrowded classrooms impacted
negatively on teacher morale and enjoyment of their profession. Overcrowded classrooms
have created a scenario in which teachers face many challenges in the classroom. In light of
this, this study is sought to explore the experiences of students and the teachers in
overcrowded classrooms.This study will also provide awareness about the key factors other
than overcrowded classrooms affecting the students’ academic achievement in secondary
school education. Also, it may aid teachers, parents, students, principals, educators and policy
makers to identify important contributors that directly or indirectly affect students’ academic
achievement in secondary schools.
Keeping in view the scenario as mentioned above a study will be planned with the
following hypothesis and objectives:
Research Hypothesis: Overcrowded classroom has non-significant influence on academic
achievement of secondary school students
Objectives:
1. To assess status of students’ academic achievement in secondary schools
2. To analyze the effect of overcrowding classrooms influencing the students’ academic
achievement in secondary schools
3. To examine the student teacher interaction in overcrowded classrooms