Exponents:

Exponential notation is a shortcut way to write a repeated multiplication.

32 is written in exponential notation.
3 is called the base (the number to be multiplied times itself).
2 is called the exponent (the number of times to multiply the base).
We are multiplying 3's and there are two of them.
32 = 3∙3 = 9
Identify the base and the exponent. Then simplify.
53 base: 5, exponent: 3, 5∙5∙5= 125

Square Roots:
What number, when multiplied by itself, gives you the number under the square root?
√4 = 2 because 22 = 4.
√16 = 4 because 42 = 16.

Calculate the square root:

√121 11
√49 7

Order of Operations:
Parentheses (or other grouping symbols)
Exponents or square roots
Multiplication or Division
Addition or Subtraction

*Multiplication & Division are “on the same level”. You should work left to right if more
than one appears.
* Addition and Subtraction are “on the same level”. You should work left to right if
more than one appears.

Example:
5 · 5 + 2(9 + 6) + 6 Parentheses first
5 · 5 + 2(15) + 6 Multiply
25 + 30 + 6 Add
55 + 6
61

62 + 72 + (38 – 7) · 8
62 + 72 + (31) · 8
36 + 49 + (31) · 8
36 + 49 + 248
85 + 248
333