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Diferencijalna jednačina ploče opterećene na savijanje: ∆∆w =
k
Rešenje diferencijalne jednačine ploče opterećene na savijanje
w = wh + wp
∞
n ⋅π ⋅ y n ⋅π ⋅ y n ⋅π ⋅ y n ⋅π ⋅ y n ⋅π ⋅ x
w h = ∑ An + ⋅ Bn ⋅ ch + Cn + ⋅ Dn ⋅ sh ⋅ sin
n =1 a a a a a
n ⋅π ⋅ x
∞ 4
Zn a
w p = ∑ w n ⋅ sin wn = ⋅
n =1 a k n ⋅π
∞
n ⋅π ⋅ x 2 n ⋅π ⋅ x
Z = ∑ Zn ⋅ sin Zn = ⋅ ∫ Z ( x ) ⋅ sin dx
n =1 a a x a
Simetrično oslonjena ploča
simetrično opetrećenje
∞
n ⋅π ⋅ y n ⋅π ⋅ y n ⋅π ⋅ y n ⋅π ⋅ x
w h,sim = ∑ An ⋅ ch + Dn ⋅ ⋅ sh ⋅ sin
n =1 a a a a
antimetrično opterećenje
∞
n ⋅π ⋅ y n ⋅π ⋅ y n ⋅π ⋅ y n ⋅π ⋅ x
w h,ant = ∑ Bn ⋅ ⋅ ch + Cn ⋅ sh ⋅ sin
n =1 a a a a
y Zadatak 1.
Za zadatu ploču i opterećenje nacrtati dijagram ugiba w i
momenata savijanja Mx u presecima u sredini ploče.
p
x 2 n ⋅π ⋅ x
Zn = ⋅ ∫ Z ( x ) ⋅ sin dx
b
a x a
Z (x ) = p 0≤x≤a
4p
⇒ Zn = za n = 1,3,5...
p nπ
4p 1 nπx
a Z=
π
∑ n sin
n a
Page 1 of 7
TEORIJA POVRŠINSKIH NOSAČA VEŽBA 3
∞
nπy nπy nπy nπx
w = w h,sim + w p = ∑ w n + An ⋅ ch + Dn ⋅ ⋅ sh ⋅ sin
n =1 a a a a
Konturni uslovi iz kojih se odreñuju članovi reda An i Dn:
w = 0
b b w = 0
Za y= ili y = − ⇒ ∂ 2w
2 2 M
y = 0 ∂y 2 = 0
1 α n ⋅ thα n + 2 1 S
An = − ⋅ ⋅S Dn = ⋅
n5 2chα n n 5 2chα n
pa 4 nπb
S = 4⋅ αn =
π 5k 2a
∞
S nπy nπy nπy nπx
w = ∑ 5 + An ⋅ ch + Dn ⋅ ⋅ sh ⋅ sin
n =1 n a a a a
pa 4 ∞
1 α ⋅ thα n + 2 nπy 1 nπy nπy nπx
= 4 ⋅ 5 ∑ 5 1 − n ⋅ ch + ⋅ ⋅ sh ⋅ sin
π k n =1 n 2 chα n a 2 chα n a a a
Kvadratna ploča a = b
Dijagram ugiba w i momenata savijanja Mx u preseku y=0
Izraz za ugib
∞
S nπy nπy nπy nπx
w = ∑ 5 + An ⋅ ch + Dn ⋅ ⋅ sh ⋅ sin
n =1 n a a a a
Page 2 of 7
TEORIJA POVRŠINSKIH NOSAČA VEŽBA 3
π πy πy πy πy πx
2
1
M x = k ⋅ S ⋅ 12 5 + A1 (1 − ν ) ⋅ ch + D1 (1 − ν ) ⋅ ⋅ sh − 2ν ⋅ ch sin +
a 1 a a a a a
1 3πy 3πy 3πy 3πy 3πx
+ 3 2 5 + A3 (1 − ν ) ⋅ ch + D3 (1 − ν ) ⋅ ⋅ sh − 2ν ⋅ ch sin +
3 a a a a a
1 5 πy 5πy 5 πy 5 πy 5πx
+ 5 2 5 + A5 (1 − ν ) ⋅ ch + D5 (1 − ν ) ⋅ ⋅ sh − 2ν ⋅ ch sin
5 a a a a a
1 α n ⋅ thα n + 2 1 1
An = − ⋅ Dn = ⋅
n5 2 chα n n 2 chα n
5
nπ pa 4
αn = S =4⋅
2 π 5k
za presek y/a=0
1 πx 1 3πx 1 5πx
w = S ⋅ 5 + A1 ⋅ sin + 5 + A3 ⋅ sin + 5 + A5 ⋅ sin
1 a 3 a 5 a
π πx
2
1
M x = k ⋅ S ⋅ 12 5 + A1 (1 − ν ) − 2ν D1 sin +
a 1 a
1 3πx 1 5πx
+ 3 2 5 + A3 (1 − ν ) − 2ν D3 sin + 5 2 5 + A5 (1 − ν ) − 2ν D5 sin
3 a 5 a
n An Dn x/a w Mx
0 0 0
1 -0.68561 0.199268
0.2 0.148 0.198
3 -0.00025 3.7E-05
0.4 0.233 0.262
5 -1.2E-06 1.24E-07
0.5 0.244 0.271
0.6 0.233 0.262
0.8 0.148 0.198
1.0 0 0
× ×
67 8 67 8
16 pa 4 16 pa 2
kπ 6 π4
Zadatak 2.
Za zadatu ploču i opterećenje dati rešenje problema (odrediti
y analitički izraz za ugib) Za slučaj kvadratne ploče (a=b) nacrtati
dijagram ugiba w, momenata savijanja Mx i momenata torzije Mxy
u karakterističnim presecima.
Podaci: ν=0; h=const, E=const.
p
w = wh + wp
b
Z (x ) = p 0≤x≤a
4p
p ⇒ Zn = za n = 1,3,5...
x nπ
a 4p 1 nπx
Z=
π
∑ n sin
n a
Partikularni deo rešenja:
n ⋅π ⋅ x
∞ 4
Z a 4 pa 4 1
w p = ∑ w n ⋅ sin wn = n ⋅ = ⋅
n =1 a k n ⋅π kπ 5 n 5
Page 3 of 7
TEORIJA POVRŠINSKIH NOSAČA VEŽBA 3
Konturni uslovi:
1) w = 0 3) w = 0
y =0 y =b
∂w ∂ 2w
2) ∂y = 0 4 ) M y = 0 ⇒
∂y 2
=0
4 pa 4
1) An + =0
kπ 5 n 5
4 pa 4
An = − = wn Bn = −Cn
n 5π 5 k
w 2ch 2α n − 2chα n − α n shα n
Cn = n
2 shα n chα n − α n
w n 2shα n chα n − shα n − α n chα n
Dn =
2 shα n chα n − α n
n ⋅π ⋅ b
αn =
a
Page 4 of 7
TEORIJA POVRŠINSKIH NOSAČA VEŽBA 3
y/a 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
n=1 0 0.0003 0.0011 0.0018 0.0025 0.0028 0.0029 0.0026 0.0020 0.0011 -1.1E-16
n=3 0 -1.3E-05 -3E-05 -4.1E-05 -4.7E-05 -4.9E-05 -4.9E-05 -4.6E-05 -3.8E-05 -2.3E-05 4.4E-16
n=5 0 1.9E-06 3.4E-06 3.9E-06 4.1E-06 4.1E-06 4.1E-06 4.0E-06 3.7E-06 2.6E-06 -5.6E-14
∑ 0 0.0003 0.0010 0.0018 0.0024 0.0028 0.0028 0.0026 0.0019 0.0011 0.
∂ 2w ∂ 2w
M y = −k ⋅ 2 + ν ⋅ 2 =
∂y ∂x
π nπy nπy nπy nπy
2 ∞
= −k ∑n − ν ⋅ w n + An (1 − ν ) ⋅ ch + Bn (1 − ν ) ⋅ ⋅ ch + 2sh +
2
a n =1 a a a a
nπy nπy nπy nπy nπx
+ Cn (1 − ν ) ⋅ sh + Dn (1 − ν ) ⋅ ⋅ sh + 2ch ⋅ sin a
a a a a
Page 5 of 7
TEORIJA POVRŠINSKIH NOSAČA VEŽBA 3
+
+
[w] [Мy]
-
[Мxy]
Zadatak 3.
Prikazati rešenje problema na slici.
M (x ) = const . = m0
Konturni uslovi:
b 1) w = 0
y=
2 2) M y = M
∞
n ⋅π ⋅ x
Razvoj opterećenja u red M = ∑M n ⋅ sin
n =1 a
2 n ⋅π ⋅ x
Mn = ⋅ ∫M ( x ) ⋅ sin dx
a x a
M (x ) = m0
4m0
0≤x≤a ⇒ Mn = za n = 1,3,5...
nπ
4m0 1 nπx
M=
π
∑ n sin
n a
Page 6 of 7
TEORIJA POVRŠINSKIH NOSAČA VEŽBA 3
Za ploču stranica a=3m, b=4m, konstrantne visine, modula elastičnosti i ν=0.2 sračunate su vrednosti i nacrtani
dijagrami ugiba i momenata savijanja u preseku na sredini ploče za tri člana reda.
Page 7 of 7