ASSIGNMENT No.

__

QUESTION-1

Following second order reaction is carried out in a batch reactor with initial concentration of A as 3
kmol/m3. Reaction is 2A B.

For a rate constant of 0.8 units, find the time required for concentration of A to draw 0.5 kmol/m3 using
Euler’s Method. Take h=0.01.

Assumptions:

1. Unsteady state system

2. Isothermal, Isobaric operation
3. Constant volume is maintained.

ANSWER-1

PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
float fun(float x,float y)
{
float f;
f=0.8*y*y;
return f;
}
main()
{
float a,b,x,y,h,t,k;
clrscr();
printf("\n Enter x0,y0,h,yn");
scanf("%f%f%f%f",&a,&b,&h,&t);
x=a;
y=b;
printf("\n x\t y\n");
while(y>=t)
{
k=h*fun(x,y);
y=y-k;
x=x+h;
printf("%0.3f\t%0.3f\n",x,y);
}
getch();
}
OUTPUT:

Enter x0,y0,h,yn0
3
0.01
0.5

x y
0.010 2.928
0.020 2.859
0.030 2.794
0.040 2.732
0.050 2.672
0.060 2.615
0.070 2.560
0.080 2.508
0.090 2.457
0.100 2.409
0.110 2.363
0.120 2.318
0.130 2.275
0.140 2.234
0.150 2.194
0.160 2.155
0.170 2.118
0.180 2.082
0.190 2.047
0.200 2.014
0.210 1.981
0.220 1.950
0.230 1.920
0.240 1.890
0.250 1.862
0.260 1.834
0.270 1.807
0.280 1.781
0.290 1.755
0.300 1.731
0.310 1.707
0.320 1.684
0.330 1.661
0.340 1.639
0.350 1.617
0.360 1.596
0.370 1.576
0.380 1.556
0.390 1.537
0.400 1.518
0.410 1.499
0.420 1.481
0.430 1.464
0.440 1.447
0.450 1.430
0.460 1.414
0.470 1.398
0.480 1.382
0.490 1.367
0.500 1.352
0.510 1.337
0.520 1.323
0.530 1.309
0.540 1.295
0.550 1.282
0.560 1.269
0.570 1.256
0.580 1.243
0.590 1.231
0.600 1.219
0.610 1.207
0.620 1.195
0.630 1.184
0.640 1.172
0.650 1.161
0.660 1.151
0.670 1.140
0.680 1.130
0.690 1.119
0.700 1.109
0.710 1.100
0.720 1.090
0.730 1.080
0.740 1.071
0.750 1.062
0.760 1.053
0.770 1.044
0.780 1.035
0.790 1.027
0.800 1.018
0.810 1.010
0.820 1.002
0.830 0.994
0.840 0.986
0.850 0.978
0.860 0.970
0.870 0.963
0.880 0.956
0.890 0.948
0.900 0.941
0.910 0.934
0.920 0.927
0.930 0.920
0.940 0.913
0.950 0.907
0.960 0.900
0.970 0.894
0.980 0.887
0.990 0.881
1.000 0.875
1.010 0.869
1.020 0.863
1.030 0.857
1.040 0.851
1.050 0.845
1.060 0.839
1.070 0.834
1.080 0.828
1.090 0.823
1.100 0.817
1.110 0.812
1.120 0.807
1.130 0.801
1.140 0.796
1.150 0.791
1.160 0.786
1.170 0.781
1.180 0.776
1.190 0.771
1.200 0.767
1.210 0.762
1.220 0.757
1.230 0.753
1.240 0.748
1.250 0.744
1.260 0.739
1.270 0.735
1.280 0.731
1.290 0.726
1.300 0.722
1.310 0.718
1.320 0.714
1.330 0.710
1.340 0.706
1.350 0.702
1.360 0.698
1.370 0.694
1.380 0.690
1.390 0.686
1.400 0.682
1.410 0.679
1.420 0.675
1.430 0.671
1.440 0.668
1.450 0.664
1.460 0.661
1.470 0.657
1.480 0.654
1.490 0.650
1.500 0.647
1.510 0.644
1.520 0.640
1.530 0.637
1.540 0.634
1.550 0.631
1.560 0.627
1.570 0.624
1.580 0.621
1.590 0.618
1.600 0.615
1.610 0.612
1.620 0.609
1.630 0.606
1.640 0.603
1.650 0.600
1.660 0.597
1.670 0.594
1.680 0.592
1.690 0.589
1.700 0.586
1.710 0.583
1.720 0.581
1.730 0.578
1.740 0.575
1.750 0.573
1.760 0.570
1.770 0.567
1.780 0.565
1.790 0.562
1.800 0.560
1.810 0.557
1.820 0.555
1.830 0.552
1.840 0.550
1.850 0.547
1.860 0.545
1.870 0.543
1.880 0.540
1.890 0.538
1.900 0.536
1.910 0.533
1.920 0.531
1.930 0.529
1.940 0.527
1.950 0.524
1.960 0.522
1.970 0.520
1.980 0.518
1.990 0.516
2.000 0.513
2.010 0.511
2.020 0.509
2.030 0.507
2.040 0.505
2.050 0.503
2.060 0.501
2.070 0.499
QUESTION-2

Following second order reaction is carried out in a batch reactor with initial concentration of A as 3
kmol/m3. Reaction is 2A B.

For a rate constant of 0.8 units, find the time required for concentration of A to draw 0.5 kmol/m3 using
Ranga-Kutta Method. Take h=0.01.

Assumptions:

1. Unsteady state system

2. Isothermal, Isobaric operation
3. Constant volume is maintained.

ANSWER-2

PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<conio.h>
float f(float x,float y);
void main()
{
float x0,y0,k1,k2,k3,k4,k,y,x,h,xn;
clrscr();
printf("enter x0,y0,xn,h");
scanf("%f%f%f%f",&x0,&y0,&xn,&h);
x=x0;
y=y0;
printf("\n\nx\t\ty\n");
while(x<xn)
{
k1=f(x0,y0);
k2=f((x0+h/2.0),(y0+k1*h/2.0));
k3=f((x0+h/2.0),(y0+k2*h/2.0));
k4=f((x0+h),(y0+k3*h));
k=((k1+2*k2+2*k3+k4)/6);
y=y+k*h;
x=x+h;
printf("%f\t%f\n",x,y);
}
getch();
}
float f(float x,float y)
{
float k;
k=(x-y)/(x+y);
return k;
}

OUTPUT:
enter x0,y0,xn,h0
3
0.5
0.01

x y
0.010000 2.990033
0.020000 2.980067
0.030000 2.970100
0.040000 2.960134
0.050000 2.950167
0.060000 2.940200
0.070000 2.930234
0.080000 2.920267
0.090000 2.910300
0.100000 2.900334
0.110000 2.890367
0.120000 2.880401
0.130000 2.870434
0.140000 2.860467
0.150000 2.850501
0.160000 2.840534
0.170000 2.830568
0.180000 2.820601
0.190000 2.810634
0.200000 2.800668
0.210000 2.790701
0.220000 2.780735
0.230000 2.770768
0.240000 2.760801
0.250000 2.750835
0.260000 2.740868
0.270000 2.730901
0.280000 2.720935
0.290000 2.710968
0.300000 2.701002
0.310000 2.691035
0.320000 2.681068
0.330000 2.671102
0.340000 2.661135
0.350000 2.651169
0.360000 2.641202
0.370000 2.631235
0.380000 2.621269
0.390000 2.611302
0.400000 2.601336
0.410000 2.591369
0.420000 2.581402
0.430000 2.571436
0.440000 2.561469
0.450000 2.551502
0.460000 2.541536
0.470000 2.531569
0.480000 2.521603
0.490000 2.511636
0.500000 2.501669
0.510000 2.491703