Pengukuran Tekanan Fluida

Teoritis Bourdon Manometer Hg

No m PT= m*g/a Po Px PB=Px-Po hₐ hb ho=ha-hb
(Kg) (KN/m²) (KN/m²) (KN/m²) (KN/m²) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 0.0 20.40816327 22 -22 520 372 148
2 0.5 40.81632653 42 20 600 295
3 1.0 61.2244898 62 40 677 218
4 1.5 81.63265306 82 60 752 141
5 2.0
6 2.5
7 3.0
8 3.5
9 4.0
10 4.5

Diketahui : Diameter Piston = 17.67 mm = 0.01767 m

Luas Piston (A) = 1/4*∏*d²= 245 mm² = 0.000245 m² 40816.3265
ɣHg = s*ρ*g = 13,6*9.81*10000 = 133.4 kN / m³
g = 9.81 m / det²

Contoh perhitungan pada percobaan no 2

Mencari Pr : mxg/A
= 1 x 10 / 0.000245
= 40816.327 N/m² = 40.81632 kN/m²
Mencari hx : ha – hb
= 660 – 360
= 300 mm = 0.3 m
Mencari ho : hx-(ha – hb percobaan 1) =300-140 mm
= 160 mm =0.16
Mencari ρm : ɣHg*h
= 133.4 x 0.16
= 21.344 kN / m²
Manometer Hg
hx=ha-hb h=hx-ho Pʍ=ɣhg*h
(mm) (mm) (KN/m²)

305 157 20.9438

459 311 41.4874
611 463 61.7642
 Koefisien Debit Pada Orifice (Unsteady Flow)

Diameter Ø6

h1 h2 √ h1 √ h2 √ h1-√ h2 2*At
t Cd =
No t*(A*√2g)
(cm) (detik) (cm) (cm0.5) (cm0.5) (cm0.5) (bilangan tak berdimensi)
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)=(5)-(6) (8)
20.00 34.2 6.324555 5.848077 0.476478713 0.6239437935
40.00 29.1 6.324555 5.394442 0.930113737 0.6089870092
60.00 24.4 6.324555 4.939636 1.384919706 0.6045125283
80.00 6.324555 0 6.32455532 2.0704844349
1 40.00
100.00 6.324555 0 6.32455532 1.6563875479
120.00 6.324555 0 6.32455532 1.3803229566
140.00 6.324555 0 6.32455532 1.1831339628
160.00 6.324555 0 6.32455532 1.0352422174
20.00 34.3 6.324555 5.85662 0.467935135 0.6127560682
40.00 29.1 6.324555 5.394442 0.930113737 0.6089870092
60.00 24.4 6.324555 4.939636 1.384919706 0.6045125283
80.00 6.324555 0 6.32455532 2.0704844349
1 40.00
100.00 6.324555 0 6.32455532 1.6563875479
120.00 6.324555 0 6.32455532 1.3803229566
140.00 6.324555 0 6.32455532 1.1831339628
160.00 6.324555 0 6.32455532 1.0352422174
20.00 34.3 6.324555 5.85662 0.467935135 0.6127560682
40.00 29.1 6.324555 5.394442 0.930113737 0.6089870092
60.00 24.3 6.324555 4.929503 1.395052303 0.6089353707
80.00 6.324555 0 6.32455532 2.0704844349
1 40.00
100.00 6.324555 0 6.32455532 1.6563875479
120.00 6.324555 0 6.32455532 1.3803229566
140.00 6.324555 0 6.32455532 1.1831339628
160.00 6.324555 0 6.32455532 1.0352422174
 Koefisien Kecepatan Pada Orifice

Diameter Ø6

* √ h1-√ h2 h x y 2*[(h*y)^0.5]
No CV =
(cm) (cm) (cm) (cm)
an tak berdimensi) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) = (3) / (5)
(8) 40.00 5.00 0.5 8.94427191 0.55901699
.6239437935 40.00 10.00 1 12.6491106407 0.7905694
.6089870092 40.00 15.00 2 17.88854382 0.83852549
.6045125283 40.00 20.00 3.2 22.627416998 0.88388347
1
.0704844349 40.00 25.00 4.7 27.4226184016 0.91165619
.6563875479 40.00 30.00 6.6 32.4961536185 0.92318618
.3803229566 40.00 35.00 8.7 37.3095162124 0.9380984
.1831339628 40.00 40.00 11.4 42.7083130081 0.93658581
.0352422174 37.50 5.00 0.5 8.6602540378 0.57735026
.6127560682 37.50 10.00 1.1 12.8452325787 0.77849894
.6089870092 37.50 15.00 2.1 17.7482393493 0.84515425
.6045125283 37.50 20.00 3.3 22.2485954613 0.898933
2
.0704844349 37.50 25.00 5 27.3861278753 0.91287092
.6563875479 37.50 30.00 7 32.403703492 0.92582009
.3803229566 37.50 35.00 9.4 37.549966711 0.93209137
.1831339628 37.50 40.00 12.2 42.7784992724 0.93504916
.0352422174 35.00 5.00 0.5 8.3666002653 0.59761430
.6127560682 35.00 10.00 1.1 12.409673646 0.8058229
.6089870092 35.00 15.00 2.4 18.3303027798 0.81831708
.6089353707 35.00 20.00 3.4 21.8174242293 0.9166984
3
.0704844349 35.00 25.00 5.2 26.9814751265 0.92656164
.6563875479 35.00 30.00 7.5 32.403703492 0.92582009
.3803229566 35.00 35.00 9.9 37.229020938 0.94012679
.1831339628 35.00 40.00 12.9 42.4970587218 0.94124161
.0352422174 32.50 5.00 0.5 8.0622577483 0.62017367
32.50 10.00 1.2 12.4899959968 0.8006407
32.50 15.00 2.3 17.2916164658 0.86747239
32.50 20.00 3.7 21.9317121995 0.91192150
4
32.50 25.00 5.6 26.9814751265 0.92656164
32.50 30.00 7.9 32.0468407179 0.93612971
32.50 35.00 10.7 37.2961123979 0.93843561
32.50 40.00 13.9 42.5088226137 0.94098113
30.00 5.00 0.5 7.7459666924 0.64549722
30.00 10.00 1.2 12 0.83333333
30.00 15.00 2.3 16.6132477258 0.90289389
30.00 20.00 3.9 21.6333076528 0.9245003
5
30.00 25.00 6 26.83281573 0.93169499
5

30.00 30.00 8.6 32.1247568084 0.93385920

30.00 35.00 11.5 37.148351242 0.94216832
30.00 40.00 14.9 42.2847490237 0.94596753
27.50 5.00 0.6 8.1240384046 0.61545745
27.50 10.00 1.3 11.9582607431 0.836242
27.50 15.00 2.6 16.9115345253 0.8869685
27.50 20.00 4.2 21.4941852602 0.93048421
6
27.50 25.00 6.5 26.7394839142 0.934946
27.50 30.00 9.3 31.9843711834 0.93795809
27.50 35.00 12.4 36.9323706252 0.94767813
27.50 40.00 16.2 42.2137418384 0.94755873
ce Koefisien Debit Pada Orifice (Steady Flow)

Diameter Ø6

x h t Volume Q teoritis
No
2*[(h*y)^0.5] (cm) (detik) (ml) Qt=A*[(2gh)0.5]
(6) = (3) / (5) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
0.5590169944 30.00 1560 79.2085162466
0.790569415 1 40.00 30.00 1540 79.2085162466
0.8385254916 30.00 1560 79.2085162466
0.8838834765 30.00 1540 77.2029118213
0.9116561969 2 38.00 30.00 1540 77.2029118213
0.9231861823 30.00 1530 77.2029118213
0.938098468 30.00 1470 75.1437964265
0.9365858116 3 36.00 30.00 1480 75.1437964265
0.5773502692 30.00 1490 75.1437964265
0.7784989442 30.00 1430 73.0266436932
0.8451542547 4 34.00 30.00 1450 73.0266436932
0.89893315 30.00 1450 73.0266436932
0.9128709292 30.00 1420 70.8462506897
0.9258200998 5 32.00 30.00 1440 70.8462506897
0.9320913723 30.00 1430 70.8462506897
0.9350491644 30.00 1370 68.5965872656
0.5976143047 6 30.00 30.00 1390 68.5965872656
0.805822964 30.00 1370 68.5965872656
0.8183170884 30.00 1330 66.2705993046
0.916698497 7 28.00 30.00 1340 66.2705993046
0.9265616458 30.00 1330 66.2705993046
0.9258200998 30.00 1270 63.8599473841
0.9401267914 8 26.00 30.00 1280 63.8599473841
0.9412416107 30.00 1300 63.8599473841
0.6201736729
0.800640769
0.8674723979
0.9119215052
0.9265616458
0.9361297191
0.9384356103
0.9409811315
0.6454972244
0.8333333333
0.9028938981
0.924500327
0.9316949906
0.9338592095
0.9421683286
0.9459675397
0.6154574549
0.83624201
0.886968594
0.9304842104
0.93494699
0.9379580992
0.9476781319
0.9475587394
Orifice (Steady Flow)

Diameter Ø6

Q Actual Koefisien Debit

Qa=(V/t)/1000 Cd=Qa/Qt
(6)=(4)/(3) (7)=(6)/(5)
52 0.6564950647
51.3333333333 0.6480784613
52 0.6564950647
51.3333333333 0.6649144718
51.3333333333 0.6649144718
51 0.6605968453
49 0.6520831037
49.3333333333 0.6565190432
49.6666666667 0.6609549827
47.6666666667 0.6527298018
48.3333333333 0.66185889
48.3333333333 0.66185889
47.3333333333 0.6681134552
48 0.6775235038
47.6666666667 0.6728184795
45.6666666667 0.6657279682
46.3333333333 0.6754466247
45.6666666667 0.6657279682
44.3333333333 0.6689743838
44.6666666667 0.6740042664
44.3333333333 0.6689743838
42.3333333333 0.6629089917
42.6666666667 0.6681287476
43.3333333333 0.6785682593
 Koefisien Debit Pada Orifice (Unsteady Flow)

Diameter Ø3

h1 h2 √ h1 √ h2 √ h1-√ h2 2*At
t Cd =
No t*(A*√2g)
(cm) (detik) (cm) (cm0.5) (cm0.5) (cm0.5) (bilangan tak berdimensi)
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)=(5)-(6) (8)
20.00 38.5 6.324555 6.204837 0.119718497 0.6270803862
40.00 36.9 6.324555 6.074537 0.250018301 0.6547926018
60.00 35.4 6.324555 5.94979 0.374765408 0.6543350779
80.00 34 6.324555 5.830952 0.493603425 0.6463684259
1 40.00
100.00 32.6 6.324555 5.709641 0.614914351 0.644179032
120.00 31.2 6.324555 5.585696 0.738859303 0.6450189226
140.00 29.9 6.324555 5.468089 0.856466075 0.6408761133
160.00 28.4 6.324555 5.329165 0.995390283 0.6517264841
20.00 38.5 6.324555 6.204837 0.119718497 0.6270803862
40.00 36.9 6.324555 6.074537 0.250018301 0.6547926018
60.00 35.4 6.324555 5.94979 0.374765408 0.6543350779
80.00 33.9 6.324555 5.822371 0.502184669 0.657605473
1 40.00
100.00 32.5 6.324555 5.700877 0.623678195 0.6533599602
120.00 31.1 6.324555 5.576737 0.747817923 0.6528397342
140.00 29.8 6.324555 5.458938 0.865617695 0.6477240842
160.00 28.4 6.324555 5.329165 0.995390283 0.6517264841
20.00 38.1 6.324555 6.17252 0.152035576 0.7963558643
40.00 36.5 6.324555 6.041523 0.283032334 0.7412556496
60.00 35.1 6.324555 5.924525 0.400030023 0.6984467364
80.00 33.5 6.324555 5.787918 0.536636869 0.7027202615
1 40.00
100.00 32.1 6.324555 5.665686 0.658869131 0.6902256846
120.00 30.7 6.324555 5.540758 0.783797249 0.6842494307
140.00 29.4 6.324555 5.422177 0.902378636 0.6752315473
160.00 28 6.324555 5.291503 1.033052698 0.6763857501
 Koefisien Kecepatan Pada Orifice

Diameter Ø3

* √ h1-√ h2 h x y 2*[(h*y)^0.5]
No CV =
(cm) (cm) (cm) (cm)
an tak berdimensi) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) = (3) / (5)
(8) 40.00 5.00 0.6 9.7979589711 0.51031036
.6270803862 40.00 10.00 1.2 13.8564064606 0.72168783
.6547926018 40.00 15.00 2.2 18.7616630393 0.79950268
.6543350779 40.00 20.00 3.4 23.3238075794 0.85749292
1
.6463684259 40.00 25.00 5 28.2842712475 0.88388347
0.644179032 40.00 30.00 6.9 33.2264954517 0.90289389
.6450189226 40.00 35.00 9 37.947331922 0.92233098
.6408761133 40.00 40.00 11.8 43.4511219648 0.92057461
.6517264841 37.50 5.00 0.7 10.246950766 0.48795003
.6270803862 37.50 10.00 1.3 13.9642400438 0.7161148
.6547926018 37.50 15.00 2.2 18.1659021246 0.82572282
.6543350779 37.50 20.00 3.6 23.2379000772 0.86066296
2
0.657605473 37.50 25.00 5.3 28.1957443597 0.88665862
.6533599602 37.50 30.00 7.3 33.0907842155 0.90659682
.6528397342 37.50 35.00 9.65 38.0460247595 0.91993842
.6477240842 37.50 40.00 12.4 43.1277173057 0.92747779
.6517264841 35.00 5.00 0.7 9.8994949366 0.50507627
.7963558643 35.00 10.00 1.3 13.4907375632 0.74124931
.7412556496 35.00 15.00 2.4 18.3303027798 0.81831708
.6984467364 35.00 20.00 3.8 23.0651251893 0.86710996
3
.7027202615 35.00 25.00 5.7 28.2488937837 0.88499040
.6902256846 35.00 30.00 7.8 33.0454232837 0.9078412
.6842494307 35.00 35.00 10.5 38.3405790254 0.91287092
.6752315473 35.00 40.00 13.9 44.1134900002 0.90675210
.6763857501 32.50 5.00 0.7 9.5393920142 0.52414241
32.50 10.00 1.4 13.4907375632 0.74124931
32.50 15.00 2.5 18.0277563773 0.83205029
32.50 20.00 4 22.803508502 0.87705801
4
32.50 25.00 6 27.9284800875 0.89514359
32.50 30.00 8.3 32.8481354113 0.91329384
32.50 35.00 11.2 38.1575680567 0.91724923
32.50 40.00 14.6 43.5660418216 0.91814629
30.00 5.00 0.7 9.1651513899 0.54554472
30.00 10.00 1.5 13.416407865 0.74535599
30.00 15.00 2.7 18 0.83333333
30.00 20.00 4.3 22.7156333832 0.88045090
5
30.00 25.00 6.5 27.9284800875 0.89514359
5

30.00 30.00 9 32.8633534503 0.91287092

30.00 35.00 12.1 38.1051177665 0.91851179
30.00 40.00 15.8 43.5430821142 0.91863042
27.50 5.00 0.7 8.7749643874 0.56980288
27.50 10.00 1.5 12.8452325787 0.77849894
27.50 15.00 2.9 17.8605710995 0.83983876
27.50 20.00 4.7 22.7376340018 0.87959899
6
27.50 25.00 7 27.748873851 0.90093746
27.50 30.00 9.8 32.8329103188 0.91371735
27.50 35.00 13.2 38.1051177665 0.91851179
27.50 40.00 17 43.2434966209 0.92499458
ce Koefisien Debit Pada Orifice (Steady Flow)

Diameter Ø3

x h t Volume Q teoritis
No
2*[(h*y)^0.5] (cm) (detik) (ml) Qt=A*[(2gh)0.5]
(6) = (3) / (5) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
0.5103103631 30.00 420 19.8021314429
0.7216878365 1 40.00 30.00 400 19.8021314429
0.7995026863 30.00 420 19.8021314429
0.8574929257 30.00 410 19.3007302763
0.8838834765 2 38.00 30.00 400 19.3007302763
0.9028938981 30.00 410 19.3007302763
0.9223309842 30.00 410 18.7859513657
0.9205746179 3 36.00 30.00 420 18.7859513657
0.4879500365 30.00 410 18.7859513657
0.716114874 30.00 400 18.2566631187
0.8257228238 4 34.00 30.00 380 18.2566631187
0.8606629658 30.00 380 18.2566631187
0.8866586277 30.00 380 17.7115648023
0.9065968278 5 32.00 30.00 380 17.7115648023
0.9199384225 30.00 390 17.7115648023
0.9274777915 30.00 370 17.1491488786
0.5050762723 6 30.00 30.00 370 17.1491488786
0.7412493167 30.00 370 17.1491488786
0.8183170884 30.00 360 16.5676518184
0.8671099695 7 28.00 30.00 360 16.5676518184
0.8849904068 30.00 360 16.5676518184
0.907841299 30.00 355 15.9649887658
0.9128709292 8 26.00 30.00 355 15.9649887658
0.9067521069 30.00 355 15.9649887658
0.5241424184
0.7412493167
0.8320502943
0.8770580193
0.8951435925
0.9132938483
0.9172492321
0.9181462976
0.5455447256
0.7453559925
0.8333333333
0.8804509063
0.8951435925
0.9128709292
0.9185117919
0.9186304243
0.5698028823
0.7784989442
0.8398387664
0.8795989943
0.9009374627
0.9137173558
0.9185117919
0.9249945801
Orifice (Steady Flow)

Diameter Ø3

Q Actual Koefisien Debit

Qa=(V/t)/1000 Cd=Qa/Qt
(6)=(4)/(3) (7)=(6)/(5)
14 0.7069946001
13.3333333333 0.6733281905
14 0.7069946001
13.6666666667 0.708090651
13.3333333333 0.6908201473
13.6666666667 0.708090651
13.6666666667 0.7274939874
14 0.7452377432
13.6666666667 0.7274939874
13.3333333333 0.7303269632
12.6666666667 0.693810615
12.6666666667 0.693810615
12.6666666667 0.7151636125
12.6666666667 0.7151636125
13 0.7339837075
12.3333333333 0.7191804923
12.3333333333 0.7191804923
12.3333333333 0.7191804923
12 0.7243030051
12 0.7243030051
12 0.7243030051
11.8333333333 0.7412052402
11.8333333333 0.7412052402
11.8333333333 0.7412052402
Metasentrik

P W di y Vol BG = y- GM =
Kondisi 1/2 di BM =I/V BM-BG Ket
(Kg) (Kg) (m) (m) Lxbxdi
0.39 1.034 0.02 0.113 0.0014 0.103 0.166667 0.063667 Stabil
Posisi
massa
berada
diatas
0.39 1.034 0.02 0.09 0.0014 0.08 0.166667 0.086667 Stabil
Posisi
massa
berada
dibawah

Data
teknik
alat.
Panjang l = 0,350
ponton
Lebar m
ponton b =
0,200 m
Tinggi d =
ponton 0,075 m
 Jarak (x) P x
Kondisi Sudut (Ɵ ) GM = *
cm w tg Ɵ
1 cm 2.75 0.0785236244
2 cm 4.75 0.0907834179
Posisi massa
berada diatas 3 cm 6.75 0.0956023219
4 cm 8.6 0.0997584072
5 cm 10.5 0.1017529835
1 cm 1.6 0.1350311004
2 cm 3.2 0.1349257456
Posisi massa
berada dibawah 3 cm 4.4 0.1470551935
4 cm 5.8 0.1485291475
5 cm 7.2 0.1492827797
 Ket

Stabil
Stabil
Stabil
Stabil
Stabil
Stabil
Stabil
Stabil
Stabil
Stabil
Jarak satu penampang a-b = 60.28 mm a-c = 68.68 mm

DATA PERCOBAAN
Variabel Q h H (actual)
Fungsi Debit tinggi energi tekanan Tinggi total energi
Satuan 10E-3(l/det) (cm) (cm)
Penampang - a b c d e f a b c d e
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13)
0.052000000 16.2 15.6 15 14.3 13.7 15 16.3 16.2 16.2 16.2 16.2
0.108000000 18.8 17.1 15.1 13.3 10.5 15.1 19 19 19 19 18.8
0.160000000 26.2 21.4 16 11.8 5.2 13 26.7 26.6 26.5 26.3 26

Aa Ab Ac Ad Ae
4.909 1.519 1.094 0.899 0.785
 PERHITUNGAN HASIL
al) V²/2g H (teoritis) H(actual)/H (teoritis)X100%
energi Tinggi energi Kinetis Tinggi total energi Penyimpangan tinggi total energ
(cm) (cm) (persen)
f a b c d e f a b c d e f a b c
(14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) (23) (24) (25) (26) (27) (28) (29)
15.6 0.011 0.034 0.048 0.058 0.066 0.011 16.21 15.63 15.05 14.36 13.77 15.01 1.006 1.036 1.077
15.8 0.022 0.071 0.099 0.12 0.138 0.022 18.82 17.17 15.2 13.42 10.64 15.12 1.009 1.107 1.25
17.6 0.033 0.105 0.146 0.178 0.204 0.033 26.23 21.51 16.15 11.98 5.404 13.03 1.018 1.237 1.641

Af
4.909
 HASIL
actual)/H (teoritis)X100%
impangan tinggi total energi
(persen)
d e f
(30) (31) (32)
1.128 1.177 1.039
1.416 1.767 1.045
2.196 4.811 1.35
 Hasil pengamatan saluran licin

lebar =7.5

Uraian Titik 1 Titik 2

Kemiringan saluran 1.0% 1.5% 2.0% 1.0% 1.5% 2.0%
Kedalaman air (h) 3.55 3.33 2.58 2.04 2.32 2.1
Luas tampang basah (A) 26.625 24.975 19.35 15.3 17.4 15.75
Keliling Basah (P) 14.6 14.16 12.66 11.58 12.14 11.7
Radius Hidrolik (R) 1.82363 1.763771 1.528436 1.321244 1.433278 1.346154
Kecepatan aliran (V)
Hz 78 103 113 125 133 152
cm/det 54.393 71.1055 77.7905 85.8125 91.1605 103.862
kecepatan rata-rata aliran 70.10275 81.133 90.82625 70.10275 81.133 90.82625
Koefisien manning 59 61 69 77 71 83
Debit

Hasil pengamatan saluran kasar

Uraian Titik 1 Titik 2

Kemiringan saluran 1.0% 1.5% 2.0% 1.0% 1.5% 2.0%
Kedalaman air (h) 4.9 4.4 3.7 3.4 3.3 3.1
Luas tampang basah (A) 36.75 33 27.75 25.5 24.75 23.25
Keliling Basah (P) 17.3 16.3 14.9 14.3 14.1 13.7
Radius Hidrolik (R) 2.124277 2.02454 1.862416 1.783217 1.755319 1.69708
Kecepatan aliran (V)
Hz 78 103 113 125 133 152
m/det 54.393 71.1055 77.7905 85.8125 91.1605 103.862
kecepatan rata-rata aliran 70.10275 81.133 90.82625 70.10275 81.133 90.82625
Koefisien manning 59 61 69 77 71 83
 Hasil pengamatan pada aliran dengan pembendungan

Bendungan = 1 cm

Uraian Titik 1 Titik 2 Titik 3 Titik 4 Titik 5

Kemiringan saluran (Is) 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0%
Kedalaman Air (h) 3.6 3.6 3.1 3.05 2.8
Luas tampang basah (A) 27 27 23.25 22.875 21
Keliling Basah (P) 14.7 14.7 13.7 13.6 13.1
Radius Hidrolik (R) 1.83673469 1.836735 1.69708 1.681985 1.603053
Kecepatan aliran (V)
Hz 86 85 107 114 122
cm/det 59.741 59.0725 73.7795 78.459 83.807
Kemiringan muka air (lw) 0.0115873 0.011587 0.011587 0.011587 0.011587
Koefisien manning 398.328641 393.8714 518.5621 554.7466 611.8547

Hasil pengamatan pada aliran dengan pembendungan

Bendungan = 2.5 cm

Uraian Titik 1 Titik 2 Titik 3 Titik 4 Titik 5

Kemiringan saluran (Is) 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0%
Kedalaman Air (h) 3.6 3.55 3 4.56 5.7
Luas tampang basah (A) 27 26.625 22.5 34.2 42.75
Keliling Basah (P) 14.7 14.6 13.5 16.62 18.9
Radius Hidrolik (R) 1.83673469 1.82363 1.666667 2.057762 2.261905
Kecepatan aliran (V)
Hz 78 80 105 67 56
m/det 54.393 55.73 72.4425 47.0395 39.686
Kemiringan muka air (lw) 0.01174603 0.011746 0.011746 0.011746 0.011746
Koefisien manning 362.670357 373.3629 515.3405 290.7586 230.3144
Hasil pengamatan pada aliran dengan pembendungan

Bendungan = 5 cm

Uraian Titik 1 Titik 2 Titik 3 Titik 4 Titik 5

Kemiringan saluran (Is) 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0%
Kedalaman Air (h) 5.1 5.75 6.56 7.42 8.3
Luas tampang basah (A) 38.25 43.125 49.2 55.65 62.25
Keliling Basah (P) 17.7 19 20.62 22.34 24.1
Radius Hidrolik (R) 2.16101695 2.269737 2.386033 2.491047 2.582988
Kecepatan aliran (V)
Hz 56 57 49 43 36
m/det 39.686 40.3545 35.0065 30.9955 26.316
Kemiringan muka air (lw) 0.00742857 0.007429 0.007429 0.007429 0.007429
Koefisien manning 237.42797 233.6549 196.0489 168.6724 139.7886
 Hasil pengamatan pada aliran dengan pembendungan

Bendungan = 1 cm

Uraian Titik 1 Titik 2 Titik 3 Titik 4 Titik 5

Kemiringan saluran (Is) 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5%
Kedalaman Air (h) 2.8 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.4
0 Luas tampang basah (A) 21 19.5 19.5 19.5 18
7.5 Keliling Basah (P) 13.1 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.3
0 Radius Hidrolik (R) 1.60305344 1.535433 1.535433 1.535433 1.463415
Kecepatan aliran (V)
Hz 109 121 131 136 143
m/det 75.1165 83.1385 89.8235 93.166 97.8455
Kemiringan muka air (lw) 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015
Koefisien manning 447.772807 510.0381 551.0493 571.5548 619.7982

Hasil pengamatan pada aliran dengan pembendungan

Bendungan = 2.5 cm

Uraian Titik 1 Titik 2 Titik 3 Titik 4 Titik 5

Kemiringan saluran (Is) 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5%
Kedalaman Air (h) 2.8 2.74 2.7 2.47 5.2
Luas tampang basah (A) 21 20.55 20.25 18.525 39
Keliling Basah (P) 13.1 12.98 12.9 12.44 17.9
Radius Hidrolik (R) 1.60305344 1.583205 1.569767 1.489148 2.178771
Kecepatan aliran (V)
Hz 103 119 122 123 72
m/det 71.1055 81.8015 83.807 84.4755 50.382
Kemiringan muka air (lw) 0.01512698 0.015127 0.015127 0.015127 0.015127
Koefisien manning 423.863057 491.6894 506.6147 528.924 244.7684
Hasil pengamatan pada aliran dengan pembendungan

Bendungan = 5 cm

Uraian Titik 1 Titik 2 Titik 3 Titik 4 Titik 5

Kemiringan saluran (Is) 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5%
Kedalaman Air (h) 2.78 2.65 4.8 6.5 8
Luas tampang basah (A) 20.85 19.875 36 48.75 60
Keliling Basah (P) 13.06 12.8 17.1 20.5 23.5
Radius Hidrolik (R) 1.59647779 1.552734 2.105263 2.378049 2.553191
Kecepatan aliran (V)
Hz 98 107 75 45 37
m/det 67.763 73.7795 52.3875 32.3325 26.9845
Kemiringan muka air (lw) 0.0081746 0.008175 0.008175 0.008175 0.008175
Koefisien manning 405.046677 449.254 260.4021 148.1767 117.9451
 Hasil pengamatan pada aliran dengan pembendungan

Bendungan = 1 cm

Uraian Titik 1 Titik 2 Titik 3 Titik 4 Titik 5

Kemiringan saluran (Is) 2.0% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0%
Kedalaman Air (h) 2.5 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.2
0 Luas tampang basah (A) 18.75 18.75 17.25 17.25 16.5
7.5 Keliling Basah (P) 12.5 12.5 12.1 12.1 11.9
0 Radius Hidrolik (R) 1.5 1.5 1.42562 1.42562 1.386555
Kecepatan aliran (V)
Hz 117 128 144 146 151
m/det 80.4645 87.818 98.514 99.851 103.1935
Kemiringan muka air (lw) 0.02063492 0.020635 0.020635 0.020635 0.020635
Koefisien manning 434.205326 473.8865 549.9381 557.4017 586.8305

Hasil pengamatan pada aliran dengan pembendungan

Bendungan = 2.5 cm

Uraian Titik 1 Titik 2 Titik 3 Titik 4 Titik 5

Kemiringan saluran (Is) 2.0% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0%
Kedalaman Air (h) 2.6 2.6 2.4 2.34 4.6
Luas tampang basah (A) 19.5 19.5 18 17.55 34.5
Keliling Basah (P) 12.7 12.7 12.3 12.18 16.7
Radius Hidrolik (R) 1.53543307 1.535433 1.463415 1.440887 2.065868
Kecepatan aliran (V)
Hz 114 125 141 145 108
m/det 78.459 85.8125 96.5085 99.1825 74.448
Kemiringan muka air (lw) 0.02063492 0.020635 0.020635 0.020635 0.020635
Koefisien manning 416.844277 455.9126 529.4265 549.752 324.541
Hasil pengamatan pada aliran dengan pembendungan

Bendungan = 5 cm

Uraian Titik 1 Titik 2 Titik 3 Titik 4 Titik 5

Kemiringan saluran (Is) 2.0% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0%
Kedalaman Air (h) 2.65 2.55 2.6 5.43 7.9
Luas tampang basah (A) 19.875 19.125 19.5 40.725 59.25
Keliling Basah (P) 12.8 12.6 12.7 18.36 23.3
Radius Hidrolik (R) 1.55273438 1.517857 1.535433 2.218137 2.542918
Kecepatan aliran (V)
Hz 115 133 147 72 43
m/det 79.1275 91.1605 100.5195 50.382 30.9955
Kemiringan muka air (lw) 0.01984127 0.019841 0.019841 0.019841 0.019841
Koefisien manning 417.267284 488.0576 534.0494 209.4602 117.6419
 Mano Head
Manometer meter Loss Volume Time Flow Rate Velocity (v) v2/2g k
Fiting h1 (V) (t) Qt = v/s
h 2 h1 - h 2

(m) (m) (m) (m3) (s) ( m3/s ) ( m/s ) ( m/s ) ( m/s )

MITRE 0.207 0.195 0.012 0.002 22.14 0.000090334 0.299119989 0.00456 2.631
ELBOW 0.223 0.216 0.007 0.002 22.14 0.000090334 0.299119989 0.00456 1.535
SHORT BEND 0.231 0.226 0.005 0.002 22.14 0.000090334 0.299119989 0.00456 1.096
LONG BEND 0.234 0.237 0.003 0.002 22.14 0.000090334 0.299119989 0.00456 0.658
ENLARGEMENT 0.234 0.237 0.003 0.002 22.14 0.000090334 0.299119989 0.00456 0.658
CONTRACTION 0.237 0.231 0.006 0.002 22.14 0.000090334 0.299119989 0.00456 1.316

Mano Head
Manometer meter Loss Volume Time Flow Rate Velocity (v) v2/2g k
Fiting h1 (V) (t) Qt = v/s
h 2 h1 - h 2

(m) (m) (m) (m3) (s) ( m3/s ) ( m/s ) ( m/s ) ( m/s )

MITRE 0.249 0.257 0.008 0.002 14.26 0.000140252 0.464412101 0.01099 0.728
ELBOW 0.257 0.242 0.015 0.002 14.26 0.000140252 0.464412101 0.01099 1.365
SHORT BEND 0.249 0.258 0.009 0.002 14.26 0.000140252 0.464412101 0.01099 0.819
LONG BEND 0.242 0.227 0.015 0.002 14.26 0.000140252 0.464412101 0.01099 1.365
ENLARGEMENT 0.219 0.200 0.019 0.002 14.26 0.000140252 0.464412101 0.01099 1.728
CONTRACTION 0.177 0.144 0.033 0.002 14.26 0.000140252 0.464412101 0.01099 3.002

Mano Head
Manometer meter Loss Volume Time Flow Rate Velocity (v) v2/2g k
Fiting h1 (V) (t) Qt = v/s
h 2 h1 - h 2

(m) (m) (m) (m3) (s) ( m3/s ) ( m/s ) ( m/s ) ( m/s )

MITRE 0.276 0.293 0.017 0.002 10.03 0.000199402 0.660270843 0.02222 0.765
ELBOW 0.293 0.257 0.036 0.002 10.03 0.000199402 0.660270843 0.02222 1.62
SHORT BEND 0.276 0.290 0.014 0.002 10.03 0.000199402 0.660270843 0.02222 0.63
LONG BEND 0.257 0.229 0.028 0.002 10.03 0.000199402 0.660270843 0.02222 1.26
ENLARGEMENT 0.213 0.175 0.038 0.002 10.03 0.000199402 0.660270843 0.02222 1.71
CONTRACTION 0.133 0.067 0.066 0.002 10.03 0.000199402 0.660270843 0.02222 2.97
 Re Keterangan

7167.178 Turbulen
7167.178 Turbulen
7167.178 Turbulen
7167.178 Turbulen
7167.178 Turbulen
7167.178 Turbulen

Re Keterangan

11349.72 Turbulen
11349.72 Turbulen
11349.72 Turbulen
11349.72 Turbulen
11349.72 Turbulen
11349.72 Turbulen

Re Keterangan

16136.29 Turbulen
16136.29 Turbulen
16136.29 Turbulen
16136.29 Turbulen
16136.29 Turbulen
16136.29 Turbulen
ALANISIS PERHITUNGAN ambang tajam

diketahui : Lebar ambang P = 12.15 cm = 0.1215 m

Tinggi ambang B = 7.8 cm = 0.078 m

Volume air Waktu Debit aliran h

No h3/2
(m³) (s) (m³/s) (m)
1 0.01 6 0.0016666667 0.164 0.066414938
2 0.01 10 0.001 0.154 0.060433964
3 0.01 16 0.000625 0.144 0.054644158

Volume air 10lt = 0.01 m³

Mencari debit aliran (Q) = Volume air / waktu
Contoh percobaan 1 = 0.0016666667
Menjadi Cd
Q / 0.667 x B x √(2 � �) x h3/2
contoh percobaan 1 : 0.001428571 / 0.667 x 0.078 x √(2 x 9.81) x (0.062803758)3/2
= 0.09870661

Perhitungan Pintu sorong

Diketahui : Lebar pintu sorong (B) = 7.8 cm = 0.078 m 0.02
Volume air = 10lt = 0.01 m³

Yg Yo Y1 V t
NO
(m) (m) (m)
1 0.02 0.101 0.057 0.01 7
2 0.03 0.0809 0.058 0.01 7
3 0.04 0.0693 0.0575 0.01 7

Contoh percobaan nomor 1 :

Mencari Q : Volume / waktu
= 0.01 / 9.2
= 0.00186956 (m³/s)
Mencari Cd : Q / B x Yg x √2 x g x Yo
= 0.00186956 / 0.078 x 0.2 x √2 x 9.81 x 0.1165
= 0.07926881
Mencari Ho : Yo + (V²/2g)
= 0.1165 + (0.01² / 2 x 9.81)
= 0.1169905
Mencari A : B x Y1
= 0.078 x 0.0132
= 0.0010296
Mencari V : Q/A
 = 0.00186956 / 0.0010296
= 1.815812
Mencari D : A/T
= 0.0010296 / 0.078
= 0.0132

Perhitungan Bendung
Diketahui : Tinggi bendung = 17.4 cm = 0.174 m
Lebar bendung = 7.8 cm = 0.078 m

Bendung Kaki Pendek (Sky jump)

Y0 Y1 Y2 Volume Waktu Q
(m) (m) (m) (m³) (s) (m³/s)
0.222 0.012 0.0119 0.01 7.29 0.001371742
0.213 0.008 0.01 0.01 10.53 0.000949668
0.202 0.008 0.0049 0.01 24.79 0.000403388

Bendung Kaki Panjang (Sloping Apron)

Y0 Y1 Y2 Volume Waktu Q
(m) (m) (m) (m³) (s) (m³/s)
0.22 0.0305 0.0169 0.01 7.33 0.001364256
0.212 0.0275 0.013 0.01 10.3 0.000970874
0.2 0.0219 0.009 0.01 28.39 0.000352237

Bendung Kaki Loncat (Blende reverse)

Y0 Y1 Y2 Volume Waktu Q
(m) (m) (m) (m³) (s) (m³/s)
0.221 0.0269 0.0109 0.01 7.4 0.001351351
0.212 0.0216 0.011 0.01 11.5 0.000869565
0.201 0.0182 0.007 0.01 25.96 0.000385208

Contoh perhitungan Kaki pendek

Mencari Q : Volume / waktu
= 0.01 / 7.1
= 0.00140845
Mencari hu : Yo - Tinggi bendung (P)
= 0.223 - 0.0174
= 0.049
Koefisien Debit
(Cd)
0.1602347678
0.1056556428
0.0730314725

Q A0 V0 Ho A1 V1 H1
Cd
(m³/s) (m) (m)
0.0014285714 2.1288243328 0.007575 0.1885902876 0.10281 0.00428 0.33417 0.0626916
0.0014285714 1.7718274216 0.0060675 0.2354464654 0.08373 0.00435 0.32841 0.063497
0.0014285714 1.551307775 0.0051975 0.2748574177 0.07315 0.00431 0.33126 0.063093
 L hu cd
(m)
0.14 0.048 0.0468925403
0.155 0.039 0.037283843
0.17 0.028 0.0197519616

L hu cd
(m)
0.187 0.046 0.0479788224
0.19 0.038 0.0387822044
0.18 0.026 0.018120819

L hu cd
(m)
0.23 0.047 0.0468484423
0.19 0.038 0.0347353657
0.225 0.027 0.0193246476
 Percobaan Menghitung Debit Aliran dengan Ambang

Persegi Panjang Kecil Contoh hitungan Ambang P

B = 3 cm
Dik : h = 67 mm, V = 10 L
Tinggi Muka Air (H) Volume Waktu (t) Debit (Q)
No H 3/2
Cd
mm cm Liter cm³ detik cm³/det Conversi :
1 54.1 5.41 2 2000 1.71 1169.5906 12.58334 1.043980601 mm --> cm = 67 mm --> 6
2 44 4.4 2 2000 2.16 925.92593 9.229518 1.126812538 Liter -->cm³ = 10Liter -->
m/detik² --> cm/detik² = 9,
3 34 3.4 2 2000 3.28 609.7561 6.26929 1.092426477
4 23.5 2.35 2 2000 5.89 339.55857 3.602482 1.058686435
5 13.1 1.31 2 2000 13.86 144.30014 1.499364 1.080971548
�^(3/2) = 〖 6,7 〗 ^(3/
=17,34252
Ambang Persegi Panjang Lebar Q = Cd 2/3 B √(2𝑔 )�^
B = 5 cm Cd=𝑄/(2/3 𝐵√
Tinggi Muka Air (H) Volume Waktu (t) Debit (Q)
No H3/2 Cd 3√(2.981 ) 17,
mm cm Liter cm³ detik cm³/detik
1 67.8 6.78 2 2000 1.93 1036.2694 17.65406 0.3975375756
2 54.5 5.45 2 2000 2.74 729.92701 12.72315 0.3885390898
3 41 4.1 2 2000 4.77 419.28721 8.301867 0.3420470668 Contoh hitungan Ambang P
4 28 2.8 2 2000 9.4 212.76596 4.685296 0.3075495770
Dik : h = 55 mm, V = 10 L
5 14.4 1.44 2 2000 22.09 90.538705 1.728 0.3548465447
Conversi :
mm --> cm = 55 mm --> 5
Ambang Segitiga Liter -->cm³ = 10Liter -->
m/detik² --> cm/detik² = 9,
sudut = 90
Tinggi Muka Air (H) Volume Waktu Debit Cd
No H5/2
mm cm Liter cm³ Detik cm³/detik
1 37.9 3.79 1.32 1320 3 440 27.96392 0.666049370397 �^(3/2) = 〖 5,5 〗 ^(3/2
2 28.5 2.85 0.75 750 3 250 13.71236 0.771755315154 =12,8986
Q = Cd 2/3 B √(2𝑔 )�^(
2 19.1 1.91 0.26 260 3 86.66667 5.041775 0.727646501601

Cd=𝑄/(2/3 𝐵√(
5√(2.981 ) 12.8
Contoh hitungan Ambang Persegi Panjang Kecil Contoh hitungan Ambang Segitiga

Dik : h = 67 mm, V = 10 Liter, t = 22 detik, B = 3 cm, g = 9,81 m/detik² Dik : h = 37 mm, V = 10 Liter, t = 27 detik, Ө =

Conversi : Conversi :
mm --> cm = 67 mm --> 6,7 cm mm --> cm = 37 mm --> 3,7 cm
Liter -->cm³ = 10Liter --> 1000 cm³ Liter -->cm³ = 10Liter --> 10000 cm³
m/detik² --> cm/detik² = 9,81m/detik² --> 981 cm/detik²
Q = V/t

�^(3/2) = 〖 6,7 〗 ^(3/2 )
=17,34252
Q = Cd 2/3 B √(2𝑔 )�^(3/2)
(=10000𝑐𝑚³)⁄27𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑘= 370,3704 cm
(𝑄=𝑉/𝑡 =1000𝑐𝑚³)⁄22𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑘=454,5455 �^(5/2)
cm³/detik = 〖 3,7 〗 ^(5/2 )
=26,33324
Qt = Cd 8/15 √(2𝑔 )�^(5/2)tg 𝜃/2

Cd=𝑄/(2/3 𝐵√(2𝑔 ) �^(3/2) ) = 454,5455/(2/3 Cd=15𝑄/(8 √(2𝑔 ) �^(5/2) "tg

3√(2.981 ) 17,34252) = 0,294417335 (8√(2.981 ) 26,33324.𝑡𝑔90/2

Contoh hitungan Ambang Persegi Panjang Besar

Dik : h = 55 mm, V = 10 Liter, t = 19 detik, B = 5 cm, g =9,81 m/detik²

Conversi :
mm --> cm = 55 mm --> 5,5 cm
Liter -->cm³ = 10Liter --> 1000 cm³
m/detik² --> cm/detik² = 9,81m/detik² --> 981 cm/detik²

Q = V/t (=1000𝑐𝑚³)⁄19𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑘= 526,316 cm³/detik

�^(3/2) = 〖 5,5 〗 ^(3/2 ) 4.429447
=12,8986
Q = Cd 2/3 B √(2𝑔 )�^(3/2)

Cd=𝑄/(2/3 𝐵√(2𝑔 ) �^(3/2) ) = 526,316/(2/3

5√(2.981 ) 12.8986) = 0,2750121476
 ALIRAN PADA SALURAN TERBUKA

Ambang Segitiga SALURAN LICIN

Kemiringan Saluran (Is) 1%
V = 10 Liter, t = 27 detik, Ө = 90
Kemiringan Muka Air (Iw) 0,1766 cm
Debit Aliran 23 L/detik
mm --> 3,7 cm Lebar Saluran (b) 7,8 cm
Liter --> 10000 cm³ Panjang Saluran 387 cm

00𝑐𝑚³)⁄27𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑘= 370,3704 cm³/detik Titik h (cm) A (cm²) P (cm) R �^(2/

3)
1 4 31.2 15.8 1.974684
2 ) 2 2.7 21.06 13.2 1.595455
(2𝑔 )�^(5/2)tg 𝜃/2
𝑉=0,6685 𝑥 �𝑧+2,25=0,6685 𝑥77+2,25=
8 √(2𝑔 ) �^(5/2) "tg " 𝜃/2"" ) = (15 𝑥370,3705)/ V1 = 77Hz
V2 = 126Hz
1 ) 26,33324.𝑡𝑔90/2) = 0,595425619859 𝑉=0,6685 𝑥 �𝑧+2,25=0,6685 𝑥126+2,25=

�1=𝑏 𝑥 ℎ = 7,8 x 4,0 = 31.2 cm²

�2=𝑏 𝑥 ℎ = 7,8 x 2,7= 21.06 cm²

�=�/�

�1=𝑏+2ℎ = 7,8 + (2x4,0) = 15.8

�2=𝑏+2ℎ = 7,8 + (2x2,7) = 13.2

�1=�/�1 = 31,2/15,8= 1.974684

�2=�/�2 = 21,06/13,2= 1.595455

Iw = Is + (ℎ1 −ℎ2)/𝑏 = 0,01 + (4,0

−2,7)/7,8 =0,1766 cm
V rata - rata = (V1+V2)/2 = (53,7245+10,2720)/2 = 70,1027

𝑉= 1⁄(𝑛 ) �^(2/3)
〖��〗 ^(1/2)
�^(3/2)=( 〖 (�1+�2)/2) 〗 ^(2/3)=
2,384968 cm
〖��〗 ^(1/2) = 〖 0,2279 〗 ^(1/2)
= 0,4202 cm

𝑛=(�^(3/2) 〖��〗 ^(1/2))/𝑉 = (2,38

0,4202)/70,1028 = 0,1429664 cm
N PADA SALURAN TERBUKA

ALURAN LICIN SALURAN LICIN

Conversi (h) Kemiringan Saluran (Is) 1.5%
Liter cm³ mm cm Kemiringan Muka Air (Iw) 0,0791cm Liter
23 230000 40 4 Debit Aliran 23 L/detik 23
27 2.7 Lebar Saluran (b) 7,8 cm
Panjang Saluran 387 cm
V
Rata - Titik h (cm) A (cm²) P (cm) R
�^(2/ V �^(2/
3) Rata n 3)
53.7245 1 2.9 22.62 13.6 1.663235
2.384968 70.10275 0.014296 1.31305
86.481 2 2.4 18.72 12.6 1.485714

+2,25=0,6685 𝑥77+2,25= 53.7245 V1 = 89Hz 61.7465

�𝑧+2,25=0,6685 𝑥126+2,25= 86.481 V2 = 142Hz 97.177

Iw = Is + (ℎ1 −ℎ2)/𝑏 = 0,015 + (2,9

−2,4)/7,8 =0,0791 cm
keterangan :
h = Tinggi Muka Air 〖��〗 ^(1/2) = 〖 0,0791 〗 ^(1/2)
A = Luas Tampang Basah = 0,281 cm
P = Keliling Tampang Basah SALURAN LICIN
R = Radius Hidrolis
cm V = Kecepatan Aliran Kemiringan Saluran (Is) 2.0%
cm n = Koefisien Meaning Kemiringan Muka Air (Iw) 0,0841cm Liter
Debit Aliran 23 L/detik 23
cm Lebar Saluran (b) 7,8 cm
cm Panjang Saluran 387 cm

= 0,01 + (4,0 Titik h (cm) A (cm²) P (cm) R �^(2/

m 3)
1 2.5 19.5 12.8 1.523438
1.266465
53,7245+10,2720)/2 = 70,10275 2 2 15.6 11.8 1.322034

V1 = 115Hz = 79.1275
V2 = 160Hz = 109.21
2) 〗 ^(2/3)=
Iw = Is + (ℎ1 −ℎ2)/𝑏 = 0,02 + (2,5
〗 ^(1/2) −2,0)/7,8 =0,0841 cm
〖��〗 ^(1/2) = 〖 0,0841 〗 ^(1/2)
�〗 ^(1/2))/𝑉 = (2,38497 𝑥 = 0,29 cm
8 = 0,1429664 cm
 SALURAN KASAR
Kemiringan Saluran (Is) 1.0%
RAN LICIN Kemiringan Muka Air (Iw) 0,1382cm Liter cm³
Conversi (h) Debit Aliran 23 L/detik 23 230000
cm³ mm cm Lebar Saluran (b) 7,8 cm
230000 29 2.9 Panjang Saluran 387 cm
24 2.4

Titik h (cm) A (cm²) P (cm) R �^(2/ V

V 3)
V Rata - Rata n 1 4.7 36.66 11.8 3.10678 41.023
�^(2/ 1.849003
3) 2 3.7 28.86 15.2 1.898684 49.045
61.7465
79.46175 0.004643
97.177 V1 = 58Hz = 41.023
V2 = 70Hz = 49.045

Iw = Is + (ℎ1 −ℎ2)/𝑏 = 0,01 + (4,7

−3,7)/7,8 =0,1382 cm

〖��〗 ^(1/2) = 〖 0,1382 〗 ^(1/2)

= 0,3717 cm

LICIN SALURAN KASAR

Conversi (h) Kemiringan Saluran (Is) 1.5%
cm³ mm cm Kemiringan Muka Air (Iw) 0,1303cm Liter cm³
230000 25 2.5 Debit Aliran 23 L/detik 23 230000
20 2 Lebar Saluran (b) 7,8 cm
Panjang Saluran 387 cm

V
�^(2/ V Rata - Titik h (cm) A (cm²) P (cm) R �^(2/ V
3) Rata n 3)
79.1275 1 4.2 32.76 11.8 2.776271 47.708
94.16875 0.0039 1.738028
109.21 2 3.3 25.74 14.4 1.7875 59.741

V1 = 68Hz = 47.708
V2 = 86Hz = 59.741

Iw = Is + (ℎ1 −ℎ2)/𝑏 = 0,015 + (4,2

−3,3)/7,8 =0,1303 cm
〖��〗 ^(1/2) = 〖 0,1303 〗 ^(1/2)
= 0,3618 cm
 SALURAN KASAR
Kemiringan Saluran (Is) 2.0%
Kemiringan Muka Air (Iw) 0,1353cm Liter cm³
Debit Aliran 23 L/detik 23 230000
Lebar Saluran (b) 7,8 cm
Panjang Saluran 387 cm

Titik h (cm) A (cm²) P (cm) R �^(2/ V

3)
1 4 31.2 15.8 1.974684 48.3765
2.518135
2 3.1 24.18 14 1.727143 42.36

V1 = 669Hz = 48.3765
V2 = 60Hz = 42.36

Iw = Is + (ℎ1 −ℎ2)/𝑏 = 0,02 +

(4,0−3,1)/7,8 =0,1353 cm
〖��〗 ^(1/2) = 〖 0,1353 〗 ^(1/2)
= 0,3679 cm
 Conversi (h)
mm cm
47 4.7
37 3.7

V
Rata -
Rata n

45.034 0.015261

Conversi (h)
mm cm
42 4.2
33 3.3

V
Rata -
Rata n

53.7245 0.011678
 Conversi (h)
mm cm
40 4
31 3.1

V
Rata -
Rata n

45.36825 0.02042

\
 Tinggi Tekanan Manometer dari atas kebawah
Variasi Debit
No Parameter Simbol Satuan
1 2 3
A Permabilitas
200 400 550 cm³/menit
1 Debit pada Alat Ukur Q
3.3333333333 6.66666667 9.16666667 cm³/detik
2 Diameter Tabung Sampel d 3.8 3.8 3.8 cm
3 Luas Tabung Sampel A 11.341 11.341 11.341 cm²
4 Kecepatan Rata - Rata va 0.2939149457 0.58782989 0.8082661 cm/detik
5 Tinggi Tekanan Manometer dh 0.1 0.1 0.3 cm
6 Tinggi Butiran Benda Uji dl 23.9 23.9 23.9 cm
70.24567202 140.491344 64.391866 cm/menit
7 Permabilitas k
0.7024567202 1.40491344 0.64391866 m/menit
B Diameter Rata - Rata Butiran
1 Tempratur Air T 29 29 29 ˚C
2 Kekentalan Dinamis μ 0.00080389 0.00080389 0.00080389 kg/m.detik
3 Kerapatan Massa Air ρ 996.222 996.222 996.222 kg/m²
4 Percepatan Gravitasi g 981 981 981 cm/detik²
5 Kecepatan Rata - Rata va 0.00004899 0.00009797 0.00013471 cm/menit
6 Volume Air Pori vp 85 85 85 cm³
7 Volume Tabung Butiran vt 271.05347256 271.053473 271.053473 cm³
8 Porositas ε 0.4568579067 0.45685791 0.45685791 no dimensi
Diameter Rata - Rata 0.00567249 0.00802211 0.00543099 m (180 𝑥 (π.𝑣𝑎)/(ρ.𝑔) x ((1 −
9 ds
Butiran 5.6724872354 8.02210838 5.43099305 mm ε)²)/ε² x 𝑑𝑙/𝑑ℎ )^(1/2)
C Kerapatan Massa Butiran
1 Massa Butiran Sample ms 400 400 400 gram
2 Volume Butiran vs 186.05347256 186.053473 186.053473 cm³
Kerapata Massa 2.1499195607 2.14991956 2.14991956 g/cm³
3 ps
Butiran 0.0021499196 0.00214992 0.00214992 kg/cm³
(180= (π.𝑣𝑎)/(ρ.𝑔) = ((1 −
ε)²)/ε² = 𝑑𝑙/𝑑ℎ )^(1/2)
 Keterangan

meter konversi.1/60
detikk
Diameter Tube Pore = 38 mm
1/4.π.d²
Q/A
Pembacaan dalam mm
Pembacaan dalam mm
𝑣𝑎/(𝑑ℎ/𝑑𝑙)

Pengukuran Termometer
Tabel A.1 dan
Interpolasi Linier
Diketahui
Q/A*(1/100)
V awal - V sisa
1/4.π.d².dl
vp/(vt.vp)
(180 𝑥 (π.𝑣𝑎)/(ρ.𝑔) x ((1 −
ε)²)/ε² x 𝑑𝑙/𝑑ℎ )^(1/2)

Penimbangan
vt - vp
ms/vs
konversi
 𝑣/(𝑑ℎ/𝑑𝑙)

(180= (π.𝑣𝑎)/(ρ.𝑔) = ((1 −

ε)²)/ε² = 𝑑𝑙/𝑑ℎ )^(1/2)
5. Hasil Pengamatan

Parameter H1 H2 L h ϒw i R
Satuan mm mm mm mm KN/m3 KN
1 517 360 385 157 10 0.4077922 4.0779221
2 517 360 620 157 10 0.2532258 2.5322581
3 517 360 824 157 10 0.190534 1.9053398

Diketahui : H1 = 516 mm ; H2 = 370 mm ; L = 390 mm ; ϒw = 10 KN/m 3

Ditanya : h = ? ; i = ? ; R = ?
Penyelesaian :
h = H1-H2
h = 516 - 370
h = 146 mm

i = h/L
i = 146/390
i = 0,37

R = i x ϒw
R = 0,37 x 10
R = 3,7 KN
 LEMBAR PENGUJIAN
job 03 : TUMBUKAN PANCARAN FLUIDA

Diameter Nozzle d = 8 mm = 0,008 m

Temperatur air T = 29°c
Percepatan Gravitasi g = 9,81 m/det2

1. Tipe piringan datar

NO m(kg) V(liter) t(detik) Q = V/t (liter/detik) v = Q /A (m/detik)

1 0.57 2 2.74 0.7299270073 14521.4364134941

2 0.47 2 3.73 0.5361930295 10667.2213868563
3 0.37 2 4 0.5 9947.1839432435
4 0.27 2 5.35 0.3738317757 7437.1468734531
5 0.17 2 6.93 0.2886002886 5741.5203135604

2. Tipe piringan cekung

NO m(kg) V(liter) t(detik) Q = V/t (liter/detik) v = Q /A (m/detik)

1 1.01 2 3.73 0.5361930295 10667.2213868563

2 0.81 2 3.78 0.5291005291 10526.1205748608
3 0.61 2 4.5 0.4444444444 8841.9412828831
4 0.41 2 5.49 0.364298725 7247.4928548222
5 0.21 2 8.91 0.2244668911 4465.626910547

3. Tipe piringan 1/2 cekung

NO m(kg) V(liter) t(detik) Q = V/t (liter/detik) v = Q /A (m/detik)

1 0.9 2 3.24 0.6172839506 12280.4740040043

2 0.75 2 3.6 0.5555555556 11052.4266036038
3 0.6 2 4.05 0.4938271605 9824.3792032034
4 0.45 2 4.99 0.4008016032 7973.6945436821
 5 0.3 2 6.43 0.3110419907 6187.9837905092
6 0.15 2 8.77 0.228050171 4536.9139991988

3. Tipe piringan tajam

NO m(kg) V(liter) t(detik) Q = V/t (liter/detik) v = Q /A (m/detik)

1 0.1 2 3.25 0.6153846154 12242.6879301458

2 0.07 2 3.82 0.5235602094 10415.8994170089
3 0.02 2 9.99 0.2002002002 3982.8564337311
A = 1/4*π*d2 0.000050265
p = 996.222 kgm 3
996.222
s = p*A*(Cos 0 + 1)
0 = 180° - α

α = 90° -0.4480736161

Fy = v2*s (Newton) W = m*g (Newton) ƞ = W/Fy (%)

5828090.59148902 5.5917 0.000000959

3144921.11095911 4.6107 0.000001466
2734685.80779144 3.6297 0.000001327
1528691.51627786 2.6487 0.000001733
911089.308351771 1.6677 0.000001830

α = 180° 1

Fy = v2*s (Newton) W = m*g (Newton) ƞ = W/Fy (%)

11396161.5275675 9.9081 0.000000869

11096669.7262741 7.9461 0.000000716
7829810.15885897 5.9841 0.000000764
5260555.0650759 4.0221 0.000000765
1997196.75514207 2.0601 0.000001031

α = 120° -0.9524129804

Fy = v2*s (Newton) W = m*g (Newton) ƞ = W/Fy (%)

359372.424165924 8.829 0.000024568

291091.663574398 7.3575 0.000025276
229998.351466191 5.886 0.000025591
151507.341734539 4.4145 0.000029137
 91245.7875076298 2.943 0.000032254
49049.6127427805 1.4715 0.000030000

α = 120° 0.6992508065

Fy = v2*s (Newton) W = m*g (Newton) ƞ = W/Fy (%)

12753724.3714569 0.981 0.000000077

9231600.9479944 0.6867 0.000000074
1349810.40774021 0.1962 0.000000145
0.5519263839

0.0475870196
1.6992508065
Tabel Percobaan : Gaya Hidrostatis Pada Bidang Datar
Tercelup Penuh.
Parameter :
Jarak titik tumpuan neraca terhadap titik gantung panci massa ( L ) 275 mm
Jarak dari dasar quadrat ( 1/4 lingkaran ) sampai As Tajam ( tumpuan ) ( H ) 200 mm
Tinggi bidang vertikal ( D ) 100 mm
Lebar bidang vertikal ( B ) 75 mm
Berat spasifik ( Kerapatan Cairan ) ( ρ ) 1000 Kg/m

No Tinggi Lebar Jarak Titik Jarak Dasar Berat Tinggi Gaya Titik Pusat
Bidang Bidang Tumpuan L Quadran Massa Air Hidrostatis F Gaya
Vertikal D Vertikal B keTumpuan M d (Percobaan)
H h"

(m) (m) (m) (m) ( kg ) (m) (N) (m)

1 0.1 0.075 0.275 0.2 0.45 0.1580 7.9461 0.15278
2 0.1 0.075 0.275 0.2 0.43 0.1530 7.5782 0.15307
3 0.1 0.075 0.275 0.2 0.41 0.1480 7.2104 0.15340
4 0.1 0.075 0.275 0.2 0.39 0.1430 6.8425 0.15376
5 0.1 0.075 0.275 0.2 0.37 0.1380 6.4746 0.15417
6 0.1 0.075 0.275 0.2 0.35 0.1330 6.1067 0.15462
7 0.1 0.075 0.275 0.2 0.33 0.1290 5.8124 0.15316
8 0.1 0.075 0.275 0.2 0.31 0.1240 5.4446 0.15360
9 0.1 0.075 0.275 0.2 0.29 0.1190 5.0767 0.15411
10 0.1 0.075 0.275 0.2 0.27 0.1140 4.7088 0.15469
11 0.1 0.075 0.275 0.2 0.25 0.1090 4.3409 0.15537
12 0.1 0.075 0.275 0.2 0.23 0.1040 3.9731 0.15617
13 0.1 0.075 0.275 0.2 0.21 0.0990 3.6052 0.15714

A h Ix h'
0.0075 0.1080 0.000094 0.11572
0.0075 0.1030 0.000086 0.11109
0.0075 0.0980 0.000078 0.10650
0.0075 0.0930 0.000071 0.10196
0.0075 0.0880 0.000064 0.09747
0.0075 0.0830 0.000058 0.09304
0.0075 0.0790 0.000053 0.08955
0.0075 0.0740 0.000047 0.08526
0.0075 0.0690 0.000042 0.08108
0.0075 0.0640 0.000037 0.07702
0.0075 0.0590 0.000032 0.07312
0.0075 0.0540 0.000028 0.06943
0.0075 0.0490 0.000024 0.06601
 Titik Pusat
Gaya
(Teoritis) h"

(m)
0.15772
0.15809
0.15850
0.15896
0.15947
0.16004
0.16055
0.16126
0.16208
0.16302
0.16412
0.16543
0.16701
 Tercelup Sebagian.
Parameter :
Jarak titik tumpuan neraca terhadap titik gantung panci massa ( L ) 275 mm
Jarak dari dasar quadrat ( 1/4 lingkaran ) sampai As Tajam ( tumpuan ) ( H ) 200 mm
Tinggi bidang vertikal ( D ) 100 mm
Lebar bidang vertikal ( B ) 75 mm
Berat spasifik ( Kerapatan Cairan ) ( ρ ) 1000 Kg/m

No Tinggi Lebar Jarak Titik Jarak Dasar Berat Tinggi Gaya

Bidang Bidang Tumpuan Quadran Massa Air Hidrostatis Titik Pusat
Vertikal D Vertikal B L keTumpuan M d F Gaya
H (Percobaan)
h"
(m) (m) (m) (m) ( kg ) (m) (N) (m)
1 0.1 0.075 0.275 0.2 0.19 0.0930 3.1818 0.16110
2 0.1 0.075 0.275 0.2 0.17 0.0880 2.8488 0.16098
3 0.1 0.075 0.275 0.2 0.15 0.0820 2.4736 0.16359
4 0.1 0.075 0.275 0.2 0.13 0.0760 2.1248 0.16505
5 0.1 0.075 0.275 0.2 0.11 0.0700 1.8026 0.16463
6 0.1 0.075 0.275 0.2 0.09 0.0630 1.4601 0.16629
7 0.1 0.075 0.275 0.2 0.07 0.0550 1.1128 0.16970
8 0.1 0.075 0.275 0.2 0.05 0.0470 0.8126 0.16599

A h Ix h'
0.0070 0.0465 0.000020 0.06200
0.0066 0.0440 0.000017 0.05867
0.0062 0.0410 0.000014 0.05467
0.0057 0.0380 0.000011 0.05067
0.0053 0.0350 0.000009 0.04667
0.0047 0.0315 0.000006 0.04200
0.0041 0.0275 0.000004 0.03667
0.0035 0.0235 0.000003 0.03133
 Titik Pusat
Gaya
(Teoritis) h"

(m)
0.16900
0.17067
0.17267
0.17467
0.17667
0.17900
0.18167
0.18433
Crump Weir

Lebar crumpweir = 0.075 meter

Tinggi Puncak crumpweir= 0,049 meter

MODULAR FLOW

Contoh Soal No 1.
Mencari H0
Mencari Q0
Dik : y0 = 0,0974 m Q0 = Vol / t
Qm= 10 Lt / 7 detik = 0,01 m3 / 7 detik .= 0,01 / 7 = 1,43 x 10-3 m3
B = 0,075 m
g = 9,81 m/det2 Mencari A0
A0 = y 0 x B
Jawab : H0 = y0 + V02 / 2g .= 0,0974 x 0,075
menjadi H0 = y0 + Q02 / A02 x 2g .= 7,305 x 10-3 m3

H0 = 0,0974 + (1,43x10-3)2 / (0,00735)2 x 2x9,81

.= 0,0994 m

Mencari H1
Dik :
y1 = 0,0161 m Mencari Q1

Qm= 10 Lt / 7 detik = 0,01 m3 / 7 detik Q1 = Vol / t

B = 0,075 m .= 0,01 / 7 = 1,43 x 10-3 m3
g = 9,81 m/det2
Mencari A1
A1 = y 1 x B
Jawab : H1 = y1 + V / 2g
1
2
.= 0,0161 x 0,075
menjadi H1 = y1 + Q / A x 2g
1
2
1
2
.=1,2075 x 10-3 m3

H1 = 0,0161 + (1,43x10-3)2 / (1,2075x10-3)2 x 2x9,81

.= 0,0876 m
 Mencari Cd

Cd = Qm / B x H0 x √ g x H0
Cd = 1,43 x 10-3 / 0,075 x 0,0994 x √ 9,81 x 0,994
Cd = 0,194

Perhitungan Selanjutnya Lihat Tabel

Pengujian Modular Flow

y0 y1 Qm H0 H1 Cd
NO
(m) (m) (m /s)
3
(m) (m) (-)
1 0.0974 0.0161 0.00143 0.0993531 0.087582 0.1943873
2 0.0853 0.0105 0.00101 0.0865702 0.094338 0.1688004
3 0.0778 0.069 0.000599 0.0783371 0.069683 0.1163
 NON MODULAR FLOW

Contoh Soal No 1.
Mencari H0

Dik : y0 = 0,0958 m Mencari Q0

Q= 10 Lt / 7 detik = 0,01 m3 / 7 detik Q0 = Vol / t

Qm= 10 Lt / 7 detik = 0,01 m3 / 7 detik .= 0,01 / 7 = 1,43 x 10-3 m3
B = 0,075 m
g = 9,81 m/det2 Mencari A0
A0 = y 0 x B
Jawab : H0 = y0 + V / 2g
0
2
.= 0,0958 x 0,075
menjadi H0 = y0 + Q / A x 2g
0
2
0
2
.= 7,185 x 10-3 m3

H0 = 0,0958 + (1,43x10-3)2 / (7,185 x 10-3)2 x 2x9,81

.= 0,0979 m

Mencari H1
Dik :
y1=0,084 m
Q= 10 Lt / 7 detik = 0,01 m3 / 7 detik Mencari Q1
Qm= 10 Lt / 7 detik = 0,01 m3 / 7 detik Q1 = Vol / t
B = 0,075 m .= 0,01 / 7 = 1,43 x 10-3 m3
g = 9,81 m/det2

Jawab : H1 = y1 + V12 / 2g Mencari A1

menjadi H1 = y1 + Q / A x 2g
1
2
1
2
A1 = y 1 x B
.= 0,084 x 0,075
H1 = 0,0161 + (1,43x10-3)2 / (6,3x10-3)2 x 2x9,81 .=6,3 x 10-3 m3
.= 0,0866 m

Mencari f (faktor koreksi)

 f = Q/ Qm
f= (1,43x10-3) / (1,43x10-3)
f=1

Perhitungan Selanjutnya Lihat Tabel

Pengujian Non Modular Flow

y0 y1 H0 H1 Q Qm
NO f
(m) (m) (m) (m) (m /s)
3
(m3/s)
1 0.0958 0.084 0.097819 0.0866 0.00143 0.00143 1
2 0.0846 0.072 0.085794 0.073648 0.000971 0.00101 0.9613861
3 0.077 0.065 0.077554 0.065777 0.000602 0.000599 1.0050083
 HASIL PENGAMATAN :

LEBAR AMBANG (B) : 7,8 m

TINGGI AMBANG (P) : 10 m

LEMBAR PENGUJIAN
JOB : BANGUNAN KONTROL (AMBANG LEBAR/BROAD CRESTED WEIR)

No yo yc Q H H3/2 Cd hu
(m) (m) (m3/det) (m) (m3/2) (m)
1 0.154 0.034 0.00142 0.1540051 0.060437 0.1767752703 0.054
2 0.148 0.033 0.00125 0.1480051 0.0569397 0.1651698646 0.048
3 0.131 0.021 0.00055 0.1310051 0.0474168 0.0872702475 0.031
TED WEIR)

hu3/2 Cv
(m3/2)
0.0125485 0.85139974
0.0105163 0.89430151
0.0054581 0.75815143