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Question TOC PDF
Question TOC PDF
1 a) Define decision problems, function problems and search problems with examples. 7
b) What do you mean by regular set? State and prove pumping lemma for regular sets. 8
2 a) Can you relate regular expression and context free grammar? If yes then how? Explain with an 7
example.
b) Can we use graph as a problem solving tool? If yes how? What type of problem can be solved using 8
spanning tree? Explain.
3 a) What do you mean by normal form? Change the following grammar into CNF. 8
4 a) What is Instantaneous description? Design a Turing machine that recognizes the language of all the 7
stings of even length over alphabet {a, b}.
b) "Theory of computation deals with computational theory and complexity theory". Justify this 8
statement with examples
5 a) Differentiate between recursive and recursively enumerable language. Do these languages provide 8
the notion of decidable and un-decidable problems? Explain.
b) Define class P and NP problem with examples. How does P and NP class problems reflect the notion 7
of deterministic and non-deterministic algorithm? Explain.
6 a) "A DFA can simulate the behavior of NFA by increasing the number of states". Justify this statement 7
with an example.
b) Define derivation and parse tree. When a CFG is ambiguous. Explain with an example. 8
2 For every regular expression there exists finite automata and for every finite 10
automaton there exists a regular expression. Justify this statement with an example.
5 Explain the process of eliminating use less symbols from a CFG. Remove the useless symbol 8
from the given context free grammar.
S-> aB|bX
A->Bad|bSX|a
B->aSB|bBX
X->SBD|aBx|ad
7 The class of language accepted by pushdown automata is exactly the class of context free 8
languages. Justify this statement with an example.
8 Define instantaneous description. Design a Turing machine which compute the function 7
f (m) = m+1 for each m that belongs to the set of natural numbers.
9 Define recursive and recursively enumerable language. Does recursive language and 10
recursively enumerable language give the notion of decidable and un-decidable language?
Explain.
10 Explain decision problem, function problem and search problem with example. 8
12 Discuss deterministic Turing machine and non- deterministic Turing machine. How do these 8
machines give the notion of class p and class NP problems? Explain.
Pokhara University
Level: Master Semester – Fall Year : 2013
Programme: CS/CE Full Marks : 100
Course: Theory of Computation Pass Marks : 60
Time : 4hrs.
Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Attempt all the questions.
1 Define decision problem, function problem and search problem with examples. 10
2 What do you mean by regular set? State and prove pumping lemma for regular sets. 10
3 Can you relate regular expression and context free grammar? If yes then how? Explain with 10
an example.
4 What do you mean by normal form? Change the following grammar into CNF. 10
aAAb
5 Define moves of a PDA. Design a PDA for the following language. L= {an b2n: n>0} 10
6 What is Instantaneous description? Design a Turing machine that recognizes the language 10
of all the stings of even length over alphabet {a, b}.
7 "Theory of computation deals with computational theory and complexity theory". Justify 10
this statement with examples.
9 Define class P and NP problem with examples. How does P and NP class problems reflect 10
the notion of deterministic and non- deterministic algorithm? Explain.
10 "A DFA can simulate the behavior of NFA by increasing the number of states". Justify this 10
statement with an example.
Pokhara University
Level: Master Semester – Spring Year : 2013
Programme: CS/CE Full Marks : 100
Course: Theory of Computation Pass Marks : 60
Time : 4hrs.
Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Attempt all the questions.
1 State Arden’s theorem. How do you a construct a Regular Expression using Arden’s 10
Theorem? Explain with an example of your own.
2 “A DFA can simulate the behavior of NFA by increasing the number of states”. Justify this 10
statement with an example.
3 State the closure properties of regular expression. Also state and prove pumping lemma for 10
regular sets.
4 Define CNF and GNF. Consider G with the production of S->aAB , A-> bC , B->b, C->c. 10
Construct an equivalent grammar in CNF and GNF.
5 Explain the process of eliminating useless symbols and productions from a CFG. Simplify the 10
following grammar, eliminating both unit productions and useless productions and symbols.
S → A | Bb
A→C|a
B → aBa | b
C → aSa
6 When is a grammar ambiguous? Prove that the following grammar is ambiguous. E E * 10
E E + E E - E x y
7 Why is PDA functionally stronger than FA? Explain. Design a PDA that processes the language 10
L containing equal number of 0’s and 1’s over å = {0,1} and check whether the string
w=001011 is accepted or not.
8 What do you mean Instantaneous Description? Design a Turing machine which accepts all 10
the string of even length over }.
9 Differentiate between class P and class NP problems with examples. Do they reflect the 10
notion of decidable and undecidable problems? Explain.
2 “For every finite automata there exists an equivalent regular expression”. Justify this 10
statement with an example.
4 Define derivation tree. When is a grammar ambiguous? Show that the following grammar is 10
ambiguous.
S->AB|aaB
A->a|Aa
B->b
5 Why do we need to simplify a grammar? Explain the process of eliminating null production 8
from a grammar. Simplify the following grammar.
S->AB|C
A->B
B->aB|Bb|Є|a
C->aCb
6 How can you decide whether a language is context free language or not? Explain with an 10
example.
7 “For every CFG there is an equivalent Push down Automata”. Justify this statement 8
with an example.
10 “Turing machine is functionally stronger than FA and PDA”. Justify. Does the 10
complexity of TM play any role to determine class P and class NP problems? Explain.
Pokhara University
Level: Master Semester – Fall Year : 2015
Programme: CS/CE Full Marks : 100
Course: Theory of Computation Pass Marks : 60
Time : 4hrs.
Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Attempt all the questions.
1 Define Finite state machine with an example. Discuss the operational characteristics and 10
working principle of finite automata with an example.
2 Why do we need to remove the epsilon transitions from finite automata? Explain the 10
process of eliminating epsilon moves from a given FA with an example.
3 How can you determine the class of language of finite automata? Explain. 10
4 Explain Chomsky hierarchy of grammar with their respective mathematical models. Can you 10
relate regular expression and CFG? If Yes, Explain with an example.
5 How can you simplify a CFG? Find a reduced grammar equivalent to the grammar G 10
whose productions are-
6 What do you mean by Normal Form? Reduce the following grammar to CNF. 10
S1A | 0B, A1AA | 0S | 0, B0BB | 1S |1
7 Discuss the application of pumping lemma of a context free language with an example. 10
Construct a PDA that will accept all strings over {a, b} consisting of equal number of a’s and
b’s.
8 Differentiate between FA, PDA and TM on the basis of string acceptance. Also explain why 10
does TM is considered functionally stronger among all of these?