South Asian Journal of Engineering and Technology Vol.3, No.

2 (2017) 77–84

IOT Based Smart Poultry Farm

Ayyappan.V, Deepika.T, Divya Dharshini.S, Elayaraja.M, Shanmugasundaram.R
Department of ECE, Knowledge Institute of Technology, Salem, India
*Corresponding Author.T. Deepika

E-mail: deepikathuyamani@gmail.com

Received: 09/02/2017, Revised: 12/02/2017 and Accepted: 07/03/2017

Abstract

In contemporary world automation plays a vital role. This paper focuses on an automation of poultry farm by using
wireless sensor network and mobile communication system. Chicken is the most favourite produce in today’s world because it is
a nutrient rich food providing high protein, low fat and low cholesterol than other poultries. In this paper environmental
parameters of a poultry farm such as temperature, humidity, and ammonia gas are monitored and controlled automatically in
order to increase the growth of chicken. Water level also controlled and monitored with the help of sensor module. By connecting
all the sensor modules to the microcontroller all sensor values are acquired then using wifi module it will be uploaded to th e web
page. The person in-charge of the poultry farm can get the internal environmental situation of poultry farm through PC or mobile
phone using internet. This system will control temperature, humidity, ammonia gas and water level with the help of cooling fa n,
exhaust fan, ventilation window and DC motor without any human interface. Based on the threshold values it will switch on the
devices. Thus this system design provides automated poultry, reduces man power and increases production of healthy chicken.

Keywords: PIC microcontroller,Wireless Sensor Network,IoT

1. Introduction
From the last few decades, around the globe, there has been an increased level of awareness regarding the
food safety and there has been a high demand for better quality food. This has forced many countries to adopt new
protocols to change all manual farms into automated farm. In this way smart poultry farm has a great impact on
increasing growth of chicken. This paper focused on modern technologies for a poultry farming to control all
environmental parameters like temperature, humidity, ammonia gas which affects on the growth of the chickens. If
the environmental condition is not up to the mark then there may be harmful for digestive, respiratory and
behavioral change in the chickens. If chickens may get suitable atmosphere and proper water then it may grow
rapidly and health of chickens will be good so the weight of the chickens will be increases.
In the growth of the chicken climate plays a vital role. Smart poultry farm is designed in such a way that
the climate can be changed by ventilation, cooling fan and exhaust fan. The parameters temperature, humidity,

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ammonia gas and water level are monitored and controlled with the help of PIC microcontroller. Monitored sensor
values are uploaded on the webpage then the person in-charge can know the internal environment of poultry farm
through mobile or personal computer using internet.

2. Literature Survey

2.1 Smart Poultry Farm: An Integrated Solution Using WSN and GPRS Based Network
Rupali B. Mahaleet al has discussed about the monitoring the poultry farm by using Wireless Sensor and
GPRS based Network. This system monitors the water, food level and surrounding environmental parameters of a
poultry farm including temperature and humidity. Through this system the person in charge of poultry farm can get
internal environment of a poultry farm at anytime and anywhere with the help of GPRS network.

2.2 Smart Farm using Wireless Sensor Network

Vaibhavraj S. Rohamet al describes about the Wireless sensor network to design the smart environment
to monitor and control various climatic parameters. They were used the wireless sensor network in the greenhouses,
where this network is connected to BeagleBone Controller. BeagleBone Controller is a device which will collect all
the climatic parameters and dump into webserver’s database by regular time interval. Web application and
Smartphone application will analyze the climatic parameter values and predict the preventive measures for the
corresponding environmental conditions. System will be powered by solar and storage batteries.

2.3 Internet based Smart Poultry Farm

K. SravanthGoudet al has elaborated the advanced technique of wireless sensor network and mobile
network to control and automatically monitor the environmental parameters of poultry. Person can able to monitor
environmental parameters by sending SMS back to the system. Parameters like temperature and humidity. If system
does not receive command from registered mobile number, then it will automatically perform its action. Hence by
using this modern technique system can provide a modern technique for farm automation.

2.4 Incorporating Smart Sensing Technologies into the Poultry Industry

Gerard Corkery et al discussed about using smart sensing technologies into the poultry industry to
monitor critical environmental parameters which are relevant to poultry production include inter alia air temperature,
relative humidity, light, air speed and air quality (in particular CO2 and NH3 concentrations). Current industry
practice with regard to the measurement of these parameters in addition of the effect of these parameters on bird
welfare is reviewed. Hence they reviewed about this smart sensing technology in the poultry industry.

2.5 Design and Implementation of Smart Relay based Remote Monitoring and Controlling of Ammonia in
Poultry Houses

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Jawad K. Othmanet al Using smart relays in poultry farm which provides a lot of flexibility and reduction
of cost for the design and implementation of monitoring and control systems through the functions they have
compared with the classic equipment. The smart relay with communication interface have been used in this work in
order to remotely monitor and control NH3 concentration, RH, and temperature in the poultry houses by sending
alert messages or receive instruction messages via SMS to or from the mobile phone of the supervisor.

2.6 Smart farm monitoring using Raspberry Pi and Arduino

SiwakornJindarat et al has designed an intelligent system over the embedded system and smart phone for
poultry management. To solve the problem author as used Raspberry Pi and Arduino Uno. This system should
monitor the surrounding parameters of poultry environment including humidity, temperature, climate quality, the
filter fan switches. This system is found very simple and useful for formers, as they can effectively control the
poultry farm at any time and from anywhere.

3. Block Diagram

3.1 Circuit Diagram

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LCD1
LM016L

U4
TR2 7805
BR2
1 3
VI VO

VDD
VSS

VEE

RW
RS

D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
230V

GND

E
VSINE C5

1
2
3

4
5
6

7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
1000UF/25V
C6

2
R?
1K D2
104
12-0-12/1AMPS
R3 Q3 RL3

kRPM
+88.8
BC547 NTE-R24-12
LED RV2
10k

C1
U2 PRESET
22PF 13 33
OSC1/CLKIN RB0/INT
4MHZ 14
OSC2/CLKOUT RB1
34
CRYSTAL 1 35
U1 C2 MCLR/Vpp/THV RB2
1
RB3/PGM
36 R1 Q1 RL1
2 37 BC547 NTE-R24-12
RA0/AN0 RB4
3 38
RA1/AN1 RB5 10k
22PF 4 39
27.0 RA2/AN2/VREF- RB6/PGC
5 40
RA3/AN3/VREF+ RB7/PGD
6
RA4/T0CKI
2 7 15
VOUT RA5/AN4/SS RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI
16
RC1/T1OSI/CCP2
8 17
RE0/AN5/RD RC2/CCP1
9 18
RE1/AN6/WR RC3/SCK/SCL
3 LM35 10 23
RE2/AN7/CS RC4/SDI/SDA
24
+12V
RC5/SDO
25
RC6/TX/CK
26
RC7/RX/DT
R2 Q2 RL2
19
HUMUDITY RD0/PSP0
20
BC547 NTE-R24-12
RD1/PSP1 10k
21
RD2/PSP2
GAS1 22
RD3/PSP3
27
MQ-9 GAS SENSOR RD4/PSP4
28
RD5/PSP5
29
RD6/PSP6
MQ-9 TestPin
RD7/PSP7
30
www.egtechprojects.com

PIC16F877
LEVEL SENSOR

R4 Q4 RL4
BC547 NTE-R24-12
C3
10k

Vcc OUT GND 1nF

1 3 U3

C1+ C1-
11 14
T1IN T1OUT
12 13
R1OUT R1IN
10 7
T2IN T2OUT
9
R2OUT R2IN
8 IOT DEVICE OR PC SERVER
2
VS+
6
VS-

C2+ C2-

4 5 MAX232

C4

1nF

3.2 Methodology
PIC has been used as a controller and ESP8266 is used as wifi module. LM35 has been used as a
temperature sensor, which can monitor and observed the environmental temperature and send the information to the
microcontroller which can send the current data and perform action according to that. When temperature goes
beyond threshold value then automatically cooling fan will be ON to control the internal temperature of poultry. The
threshold value of temperature is 40.6 degree to 41.7 degree Celsius. Once, the temperature is below the threshold
value cooling fan will automatically turn OFF. Similarly, SYHS22 is used as a humidity sensor. This can monitor
and observed the environmental humidity and send the information to the microcontroller which can sense the data
and perform action according to current value of humidity in a poultry farm. When humidity goes beyond threshold
value then to control that humidity Exhaust fan will automatically ON. Once, internal humidity of poultry farm is
under control then fan will automatically turn OFF. MQ6 is used as a gas sensor. There are number of gases in air
like CO2, CO, H2S,CH4, NH3 etc. Here focus on the ammonia gas (NH3) in the air. Because, mainly ammonia gas
is affected on the growth of the chickens, it may cause several diseases like Hand Foot disease, Mouth disease, Bird
Flu etc. The threshold value of ammonia is 40%. When percentage of ammonia gas in air is goes beyond the
threshold value which is fixed in a system, then to control the percentage of ammonia in air Ventilation Window
will be open and Exhaust Fan will be ON. Once, the ammonia gas in a poultry environment is under control fan will
automatically turn OFF.

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Water level control mechanism for a poultry farm has been designed. It has been able to provide water to
the chickens as per the requirement. So water should not get waste and health of the chicken will automatically
monitor. Similarly, Level Sensor has fixed in a water tank to measure the level of water. The threshold value of
water level has fixed. Once, the water level goes beyond that fix level then water may fill in that the tank. All the
environmental data should be display on the LCD display. It displays the data like temperature, humidity, ammonia
gas and water level as in the signed language which helps workers of poultry farm to know the details of internal
environment of poultry farm easily. Acquired all the sensor values are uploaded to the web page. The person in-
charge of poultry farm can see these data to their mobile phone or personal computer using internet from anywhere
at any time.
4. Hardware description
4.1 Temperature Sensor Lm35
LM35 is a common temperature sensor. It is easily available in market. Voltage range is 4v to 30v. Here we
have provided 5v. Rage of temperature is between −55°C to +150°C. It is easily suitable for remote application.

Fig 1: Temperature Sensor LM35

4.2. Humidity Sensor Sy-Hs-220

This humidity sensor is operating on DC. Range of this humidity sensor is 30-90º c RH. Humidity sensor is
an analog sensor and gives the output into form of analog signal. This signal is feed to ADC which will convert it
into digital form. Once converted into analog form, the microcontroller can process the digital humidity signal as per
the application. This sensor gives the value of change in humidity in the atmosphere as per the application.

Fig 2: Humidity Sensor SY-HS-220

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4.3.Ammonia Gas Sensor MQ6

MQ6 is an ammonia gas sensor. It is highly sensitive for propane, butane, LPG. MQ6 having detection
range is about 100-10,000 ppm. It has long life and simple drive circuit. It has fast response time (<10s). Supply
voltage of this sensor is 5V.

Fig 3: Gas Sensor MQ6

4.4. Level Sensor
Fuel sensor is used to calibrate the fuel available in a fuel tank. It is basically used in two wheeler petrol
tank to detect the level of petrol. Here to measure the level of water in a poultry farm we have used the Level
sensors.

Fig 4: Water Level Sensor

4.5. PIC 16F877

Fig 5:PIC 16F877

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PIC 16F877 is one of the most advanced microcontroller from Microchip. This controller is widely used for
experimental and modern applications because of its low price, wide range of applications, high quality, and ease of
availability. It is ideal for applications such as machine control applications, measurement devices, study purpose,
and so on. The PIC 16F877 features all the components which modern microcontrollers normally have.

5. Results and Discussion

In this paper, we have proposed a methodology to Alert, Control temperature, humidity, ammonia gas and
water level in a poultry farm. This work has been implemented is done with the help of PIC micro controller and
wifi module. It is used for organizing the data using a Google spread sheet. This method can be further applied in
applications involving remote monitoring of various physical parameters. All the sensor values are uploaded in web
page. The person in-charge of poultry can see these details through mobile phone or laptop. Result of this system is
shown below,

Parameters Threshold Value Action Performed

Temperature 40.6-41.7 degree Cooling Fan ON

Celsius

Humidity <40% or 100ppm Exhaust Fan ON

Ammonia gas <40% Ventilation Window Open

Water level One litter DC motor ON

Fig 6: Result

6. Conclusions
IOT is an innovative technology for poultry farming which can be changes a traditional farm into modern
automated poultry farm. Various environmental parameters have been continuously monitored to improve health
and growth of the chicken. Water control mechanism helps to provide time to time water supply to the chickens as
well as help to avoid the wastage of water. Application of inter of things helps the farmer to monitor the internal
environment of poultry farm. Hence owner can able to get all details of the poultry at anytime and anywhere.

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