This spreadsheet is provided "as is" without warranties of any kind, either expressed or implied.

When to use this spreadsheet

1) This spreadsheet allows the user to perform a complete Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility (GR&R) study. Both
Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Xbar/Range calculations are performed. Up to three operators, ten parts and three trials
can be accommodated. The GR&R is reported in terms of percent of study variation and percent of tolerance. The percentage
of equipment variation, appraiser variation, part variation, and the number of distinct categories that can be distinguished are
also displayed.

Instructions for Data Entry

1) Generally the coloring of the cells indicate their use. White cells are for data entry, yellow cells provide instruction, turquoise
cells are headings and light green cells display data that can't / shouldn't be changed.

2) Enter the part number and / or name, the characteristic of the part being measured, the tolerance specification, the gage
name, the gage number, the gage type, the name of the person conducting the study, the upper specification limit and the lower
specification limit. Both upper and lower specification limits are required.

3) Determine the number of parts and the number of appraisers to be used. Conduct the study and enter the data in the
appropriate rows. The spreadsheet will count the number of parts and appraisers automatically.

Reading the Results

1) The GR&R results are displayed as a percentage of part variation and percentage of tolerance. If no tolerance is entered,
the Percent of Tolerance report will display "Enter Tol" in the data fields. Be sure to enter a value for the upper and lower
specification, including zero, to ensure a proper result.

2) The percentage of equipment variation, appraiser variation, part variation, and the number of distinct categories that can be
distinguished are displayed. Generally, an acceptable gage will have lower values for the equipment and the appraiser and
higher values for the parts. In most industries, a GR&R less than 10% of the tolerance is considered acceptable while a GR&R
greater than 30% is unacceptable. A GR&R between 10% and 30% should be investigated for improvement. The Number of
Distinct Categories should be 5 or greater.

3) The Graphical Summary provides a full graphical analysis of the data. An Xbar and R chart is shown as well as Multi-vari
charts showing Part Variation, Operator Variation and Part - Operator Interaction. A bar chart summarizes the total Gage R&R,
Repeatability and Reproducibility for % Contribution, % Study Variation and % Tolerance. Guidance for using the Xbar and R
charts follows:

Xbar Chart: The area between the control limits represents the measurement uncertainty and so at least half of the points
should be outside the control limits.

R Chart: All points should be stable and in control.

4) The Numerical Summary displays the results of all calculations used in the ANOVA and Xbar/Range method of analysis.
The Variance, Standard Deviation and Percent of Variance for each variation component are displayed. Gage R&R for Percent
of Study Variation and Percent of Tolerance are displayed. The Percent of Tolerance is calculated using 5.15 standard
deviations (99% of the variation) and 6.0 standard deviations (99.7% of the variation.) Both 5.15 and 6.0 are commonly used
and so both are displayed. Also, the ANOVA table is displayed.

A Special Note Regarding K Factors

1) All calculations are performed using the K factors outlined in revision three of the AIAG MSA manual. The new K factors are
just the old factors divided by 5.15 sigma. The Percent of Tolerance report accounts for the new K factors by including 5.15
sigma in the calculations.

End
 Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility Data Collection Sheet
Part No. & Name: 123456, Shaft Gage Name: Shaft Gage Date: 1/1/80
Characteristics: Outside Diameter Gage Number: 1234 Performed by: BOB
Specifications: 25 plus or minus 5 Gage Type: Indicator

Upper Spec 30 # of Trials = 3 K1= 0.5908 Xbar diff = 0.4446667 D4= 2.58
Lower Spec 20 # of appraisers = 3 K2= 0.5231 Rbarbar = 0.3416667 R p = 3.5111111
Total Tol 10 # of parts = 10 K3= 0.3146

Part
Appraiser/Trial # Average
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
A 1 0.29 -0.56 1.34 0.47 -0.8 0.02 0.59 -0.31 2.26 -1.36 0.194
2 0.41 -0.68 1.17 0.5 -0.92 -0.11 0.75 -0.2 1.99 -1.25 0.166
3 0.64 -0.58 1.27 0.64 -0.84 -0.21 0.66 -0.17 2.01 -1.31 0.211
Average 0.4466667 -0.606667 1.26 0.5366667 -0.853333 -0.1 0.6666667 -0.226667 2.0866667 -1.306667 Xbar a = 0.1903333 SUMA N
Range 0.35 0.12 0.17 0.17 0.12 0.23 0.16 0.14 0.27 0.11 Rbar a = 0.184 PROM.
B 1 0.08 -0.47 1.19 0.01 -0.56 -0.2 0.47 -0.63 1.8 -1.68 0.001 SUMA N^2/ 9
2 0.25 -1.22 0.94 1.03 -1.2 0.22 0.55 0.08 2.12 -1.62 0.115 CUAD.
3 0.07 -0.68 1.34 0.2 -1.28 0.06 0.83 -0.34 2.19 -1.5 0.089
Average 0.1333333 -0.79 1.1566667 0.4133333 -1.013333 0.0266667 0.6166667 -0.296667 2.0366667 -1.6 Xbar b = 0.0683333 SUMA K
Range 0.18 0.75 0.4 1.02 0.72 0.42 0.36 0.71 0.39 0.18 Rbar b = 0.513 PROM.
C 1 0.04 -1.38 0.88 0.14 -1.46 -0.29 0.02 -0.46 1.77 -1.49 -0.223 SUMA K/ 3
2 -0.11 -1.13 1.09 0.2 -1.07 -0.67 0.01 -0.56 1.45 -1.77 -0.256 CUAD.
3 -0.15 -0.96 0.67 0.11 -1.45 -0.49 0.21 -0.49 1.87 -2.16 -0.284
Average -0.073333 -1.156667 0.88 0.15 -1.326667 -0.483333 0.08 -0.503333 1.6966667 -1.806667 Xbar c = -0.254333 SUMA R
Range 0.19 0.42 0.42 0.09 0.39 0.38 0.2 0.1 0.42 0.67 Rbar c = 0.328 PROM.
Xbarbar = 0.0014444 SUMA R/ 3
Part Average 0.1688889 -0.851111 1.0988889 0.3666667 -1.064444 -0.185556 0.4544444 -0.342222 1.94 -1.571111
Rp = 3.5111111 CUAD.
[(Rbar a = 0.184 + Rbar b = 0.513 + Rbar c = 0.328) / # of appraisers = 3] = Rbarbar Rbarbar = 0.3416667
(Max Xbar = 0.190333333333333) - Min Xbar = -0.254333333333333) = Xbar diff Xbar diff = 0.4446667
(Rbarbar = 0.341666666666667) x (D4 = 2.58) = UCL R UCL R = 0.8815

Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility Report - % VARIATION

Part No. & Name: 123456, Shaft Gage Name: Shaft Gage Date: 1/1/1980
Characteristics: Outside Diameter Gage Number: 1234 Performed by: BOB
Specifications: 25 plus or minus 5 Gage Type: Indicator

Upper Spec 30 # of Trials = 3 K1 = 0.5908 Xbar diff = 0.4446667 D4 = 2.58

Lower Spec 20 # of appraisers = 3 K2 = 0.5231 Rbarbar = 0.3416667 Rp = 3.5111111
Total Tol 10 # of parts = 10 K3 = 0.3146

Measurement Unit Analysis % Total Variation

Repeatability - Equipment Variation (EV) Percent Equipment Variation
EV = (Rbarbar) x (K1) %EV = 100 [ EV / TV ]
= (0.341666666666667) x (0.5908) Trials K1 = 100 [0.2019 / 1.1461 ]
= 0.2019 2 0.8862 = 17.616 %
3 0.5908
Reproducibility - Appraiser Variation (AV) Percent Appraiser Variation
AV = SQRT{(Xbar diff x K 2)^2 - (EV/[(# parts) x (# trials)])} %AV = 100 [ AV / TV ]
= SQRT(0.0541 - 0.0014) = 100 [0.2297 / 1.1461 ]
= 0.2297 Appraisers 2 3 = 20.042 %
K2 0.7071 0.5231
Repeatability & Reproducibility (GRR) Percent Gage Repeatability & Reproducibility Variation
GRR = SQRT[ (EV^2) + (AV^2) ] %GRR = 100 [ GRR / TV ]
= SQRT [ 0.0408 + 0.0528 ] = 100 [0.3058 / 1.1461 ]
= 0.3058 = 26.682 %

Part Variation (PV) Parts K3 Percent Part Variation

PV = Rp x K3 2 0.7071 %PV = 100 [ PV / TV ]
= 1.1046 3 0.5231 = 100 [1.1046 / 1.1461 ]
4 0.4467 = 96.379 %
Total Variation (TV) 5 0.403
TV = SQRT[ (GRR^2) + (PV^2) ] 6 0.3742 Number of Distinct Categories that can be Distinguished
= SQRT [0.0935 + 1.2201 ] 7 0.3534 ndc = 1.41( PV / GRR )
 = 1.1461 8 0.3375 = 1.41 (1.1046 / 0.3058 )
9 0.3249 = 5.093 or approximately: 5
10 0.3146

Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility Report - % TOLERANCE (5.15 Sigma)

Part No. & Name: 123456, Shaft Gage Name: Shaft Gage Date: 1/1/1980
Characteristics: Outside Diameter Gage Number: 1234 Performed by: BOB
Specifications: 25 plus or minus 5 Gage Type: Indicator

Upper Spec 30 # of Trials = 3 K1 = 0.5908 Xbar diff = 0.4446667 D4 = 2.58

Lower Spec 20 # of appraisers = 3 K2 = 0.5231 Rbarbar = 0.3416667 Rp = 3.5111111
Total Tol 10 # of parts = 10 K3 = 0.3146

Measurement Unit Analysis % Total Tolerance

Repeatability - Equipment Variation (EV) Percent Equipment Variation
EV = (Rbarbar) x (K1) x (5.1 Sigma) %EV = 100 [ EV / Total Tol ]
= (0.341666666666667) x (0.5908) x (5.1) Trials K1 = 100 [1.0295 / 10 ]
= 1.0295 2 0.8862 = 10.295 %
3 0.5908
Reproducibility - Appraiser Variation (AV) Percent Appraiser Variation
AV = (5.1 Sigma) x SQRT{(Xbar diff x K 2)^2 - (EV/[(# parts) x (# trials)])} %AV = 100 [ AV / Total Tol ]
= (5.1) x SQRT(0.0541 - 0.0014) = 100 [1.1713 / 10 ]
= 1.1713 Appraisers 2 3 = 11.713 %
K2 0.7071 0.5231
Repeatability & Reproducibility (GRR) Percent Gage Repeatability & Reproducibility Variation
GRR = SQRT[ (EV^2) + (AV^2) ] %GRR = 100 [ GRR / Total Tol ]
= SQRT [ 1.0599 + 1.3719 ] = 100 [1.5594 / 10 ]
= 1.5594 = 15.594 %

Part Variation (PV) Parts K3 Percent Part Variation

PV = (Rp) x (K3) x (5.1 Sigma) 2 0.7071 %PV = 100 [ PV / Total Tol ]
= (3.51111111111111) x (0.3146) x (5.1) 3 0.5231 = 100 [5.63346 / 10 ]
= 5.63346 4 0.4467 = 56.335 %
5 0.403
Total Tolerance (Total Tol) 6 0.3742 Number of Distinct Categories that can be Distinguished
TV = Upper Spec - Lower Spec 7 0.3534 ndc = 1.41( PV / GRR )
= 30 - 20 8 0.3375 = 1.41 (5.63346 / 1.5594 )
= 10 9 0.3249 = 5.094 or approximately: 5
10 0.3146
 1.94 5.71 1.0868033333
1.66
2.11 3.16745 SSA
0.01 2.05 0.1400833333
1.15
0.89
-2.23 -7.63 1.9405633333
-2.56
-2.84

SUMAS TOT.
1.34 -1.82 3.78 1.61 -2.56 -0.3 2 -0.68 6.26 -3.92 5.71
0.4466666667 -0.60666667 1.26 0.5366666667 -0.8533333333 -0.1 0.6666666667 -0.22666667 2.086666667 -1.30666667 1.903333333
0.1995111111 0.368044444 1.5876 0.2880111111 0.7281777778 0.01 0.4444444444 0.051377778 4.354177778 1.707377778 9.738722222
0.6618 1.1124 4.7774 0.8805 2.192 0.0566 1.3462 0.165 13.1078 5.1282 29.4279

0.4 -2.37 3.47 1.24 -3.04 0.08 1.85 -0.89 6.11 -4.8 2.05
0.1333333333 -0.79 1.1566666667 0.4133333333 -1.0133333333 0.0266666667 0.6166666667 -0.29666667 2.036666667 -1.6 0.683333333
0.0177777778 0.6241 1.3378777778 0.1708444444 1.0268444444 0.0007111111 0.3802777778 0.088011111 4.148011111 2.56 10.35445556
0.0738 2.1717 4.0953 1.101 3.392 0.092 1.2123 0.5189 12.5305 7.6968 32.8843

-0.22 -3.47 2.64 0.45 -3.98 -1.45 0.24 -1.51 5.09 -5.42 -7.63
-0.073333333 -1.15666667 0.88 0.15 -1.3266666667 -0.4833333333 0.08 -0.50333333 1.696666667 -1.80666667 -2.54333333
0.0053777778 1.337877778 0.7744 0.0225 1.7600444444 0.2336111111 0.0064 0.253344444 2.878677778 3.264044444 10.53627778
0.0362 4.1029 2.4114 0.0717 5.379 0.7731 0.0446 0.7653 8.7323 10.0186 32.3351
 1.52 -7.66 9.89 3.3 -9.58 -1.67 4.09 -3.08 17.46 -14.14

0.2567111111 6.519511111 10.8680111111 1.21 10.1973777778 0.3098777778 1.8586777778 1.054044444 33.8724 22.21551111 88.36212222
SSP
Gage R&R for Outside Diameter
Gage Name: Shaft Gage Part No. & Name: 123456, Shaft Upper Tolerance: 30
Date: 1/1/1980 Gage No. 1234 Lower Tolerance: 20
Performed by: BOB Gage Type: Indicator Total Tolerance: 10

Range Chart by Operator Part

1.2 2.5

2
1
1.5
1
0.8
0.5
Op. A 0
0.6
Op. B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
-0.5
Op. C
0.4 Average -1
UCL R -1.5
0.2 -2

-2.5
0

Xbar Chart by Operator Operator

2.5 2.5
2 2
1.5 1.5

1 1

0.5 0.5
Op. A
0
0 Op. B
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 1 2 3
Op. C -0.5
-0.5
Average -1
-1 UCL X
-1.5
-1.5 LCL X
-2
-2
-2.5
-2.5

Operator - Part Interaction Components of Variation, ANOVA

2.5 120%
100%
2 % Contribution
80%
% Study Variation
1.5 60% % Tol (5.15 SD)
1 40% % Tol (6.0 SD)
20%
0.5
0% 1 2 3 4

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Components of Variation, Xbar/Range
120%
-0.5
Op A 100%
-1 80%
-1.5 60%
40%
-2
20%
-2.5 0%
Gage R&R Repeat Reprod Part-Part
Gage R&R for Outside Diameter
Gage Name: Shaft Gage Part No. & Name: 123456, Shaft Upper Tolerance: 30
Date: 1/1/1980 Gage No. 1234 Lower Tolerance: 20
Performed by: BOB Gage Type: Indicator Total Tolerance: 10

Gage R&R Study - ANOVA Method Gage R&R Study - Xbar/Range Method

Variance and Standard Deviation Components Variance and Standard Deviation Components
% of % of
Source St. Dev. Variance Variance Source St. Dev. Variance Variance
Total Gage R&R 0.2990411 0.0894256 7.59% Total Gage R&R 0.3058 0.0935136 7.12%
Repeatability 0.2144347 0.0459822 3.90% Repeatability 0.2019 0.0407636 3.10%
Reproducibility 0.2084306 0.0434433 3.69% Reproducibility 0.2297 0.0527621 4.02%
Operator 0.2283044 0.0521229 4.42% Part to Part 1.1046 1.2201412 92.89%
Operator*Part 0 0 0.00% Total Variation 1.1461 1.3135452 100.00%
Part to Part 1.0433945 1.0886721 92.41%
Total Variation 1.0854021 1.1780977 100.00% Process Tolerance = 10

Process Tolerance = 10

Gage R&R Using 5.15 Standard Deviations (99%) Gage R&R Using 5.15 Standard Deviations (99%)

Study % Study % of Study % Study % of

Source Variation Variation Tolerance Source Variation Variation Tolerance
Total Gage R&R 1.5400615 27.55% 15.40% Total Gage R&R 1.57487 26.68% 15.75%
Repeatability 1.1043385 19.76% 11.04% Repeatability 1.039785 17.62% 10.40%
Reproducibility 1.0734178 19.20% 10.73% Reproducibility 1.182955 20.04% 11.83%
Operator 1.1757679 21.03% 11.76% Part to Part 5.68869 96.38% 56.89%
Operator*Part 0 0.00% 0.00% Total Variation 5.902415 100.00% 59.02%
Part to Part 5.3734818 96.13% 53.73%
Total Variation 5.5898208 100.00% 55.90%

Gage R&R Using 6.0 Standard Deviations (99.7%) Gage R&R Using 6.0 Standard Deviations (99.7%)

Study % Study % of Study % Study % of

Source Variation Variation Tolerance Source Variation Variation Tolerance
Total Gage R&R 1.7942464 27.55% 17.94% Total Gage R&R 1.8348 26.68% 18.35%
Repeatability 1.2866079 19.76% 12.87% Repeatability 1.2114 17.62% 12.11%
Reproducibility 1.2505839 19.20% 12.51% Reproducibility 1.3782 20.04% 13.78%
Operator 1.3698267 21.03% 13.70% Part to Part 6.6276 96.38% 66.28%
Operator*Part 0 0.00% 0.00% Total Variation 6.8766 100.00% 68.77%
Part to Part 6.2603672 96.13% 62.60%
Total Variation 6.5124125 100.00% 65.12% Number of Distinct Categories = 5

Number of Distinct Categories = 4

Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) Table

Source DF SS MS F p
Part 9 88.361934 9.8179927 213.517 0.000
Operator 2 3.1672622 1.5836311 34.440 0.000
Op.x Part Interaction 18 0.3589822 0.0199435 0.434 0.974
Gage (error) 60 2.7589333 0.0459822
Total 89 94.647112

p value for Op. x Part Interaction as error term = 0.25

If you have a suggestion to improve this spreadsheet or you have found a bug, my latest e-mail address is posted at:
http://www.geocities.com/stat_aids/Contact_Us.html

If you found a bug, please e-mail the file with the data so that I can resolve the issue.

Thanks!
Part (P) Technician (T) Cell Interaction Squares ANOVA Table
No. A B C Sum n Avg RowSqs A B C X2 Source DF SS MS F P
1 0.29 0.08 0.04 0.0841 0.0064 0.0016 Part 9 88.361934 9.8179927 213.51714 0.000
1 2 0.41 0.25 -0.11 1.52 9 0.1688889 0.2567111 0.5985333333 0.0533333 0.0161333 0.1681 0.0625 0.0121 Operator 2 3.1672622 1.5836311 34.440073 0.000
3 0.64 0.07 -0.15 0.4096 0.0049 0.0225 Op.x Part Interaction 18 0.3589822 0.0199435 0.433721 0.974
1 -0.56 -0.47 -1.38 0.3136 0.2209 1.9044 Gage (error) 60 2.7589333 0.0459822
2 2 -0.68 -1.22 -1.13 -7.66 9 -0.851111 6.5195111 1.1041333333 1.8723 4.0136333 0.4624 1.4884 1.2769 Total 89 94.647112
3 -0.58 -0.68 -0.96 0.3364 0.4624 0.9216
1 1.34 1.19 0.88 1.7956 1.4161 0.7744
3 2 1.17 0.94 1.09 9.89 9 1.0988889 10.868011 4.7628 4.0136333 2.3232 1.3689 0.8836 1.1881
3 1.27 1.34 0.67 1.6129 1.7956 0.4489 Gage R&R Repeat Reprod Part-Part
1 0.47 0.01 0.14 0.2209 0.0001 0.0196 % Contribution 7.12% 3.10% 4.02% 92.89%
4 2 0.5 1.03 0.2 3.3 9 0.3666667 1.21 0.8640333333 0.5125333 0.0675 0.25 1.0609 0.04 % Study Variation 26.68% 17.62% 20.04% 96.38%
3 0.64 0.2 0.11 0.4096 0.04 0.0121 % Tol (5.15 SD) 15.75% 10.40% 11.83% 56.89%
1 -0.8 -0.56 -1.46 0.64 0.3136 2.1316 % Tol (6.0 SD) 18.35% 12.11% 13.78% 66.28%
5 2 -0.92 -1.2 -1.07 -9.58 9 -1.064444 10.197378 2.1845333333 3.0805333 5.2801333 0.8464 1.44 1.1449
3 -0.84 -1.28 -1.45 0.7056 1.6384 2.1025
1 0.02 -0.2 -0.29 0.0004 0.04 0.0841 % Contribution 7.59% 3.90% 3.69% 92.41%
6 2 -0.11 0.22 -0.67 -1.67 9 -0.185556 0.3098778 0.03 0.0021333 0.7008333 0.0121 0.0484 0.4489 % Study Variation 27.55% 19.76% 19.20% 96.13%
3 -0.21 0.06 -0.49 0.0441 0.0036 0.2401 % Tol (5.15 SD) 15.40% 11.04% 10.73% 53.73%
1 0.59 0.47 0.02 0.3481 0.2209 0.0004 % Tol (6.0 SD) 17.94% 12.87% 12.51% 62.60%
7 2 0.75 0.55 0.01 4.09 9 0.4544444 1.8586778 1.3333333333 1.1408333 0.0192 0.5625 0.3025 0.0001
3 0.66 0.83 0.21 0.4356 0.6889 0.0441
1 -0.31 -0.63 -0.46 0.0961 0.3969 0.2116 120%
8 2 -0.2 0.08 -0.56 -3.08 9 -0.342222 1.0540444 0.1541333333 0.2640333 0.7600333 0.04 0.0064 0.3136
100%
3 -0.17 -0.34 -0.49 0.0289 0.1156 0.2401
1 2.26 1.8 1.77 5.1076 3.24 3.1329 80% % Contribution
9 2 1.99 2.12 1.45 17.46 9 1.94 33.8724 13.0625333333 12.444033 8.6360333 3.9601 4.4944 2.1025
% Study Variation
3 2.01 2.19 1.87 4.0401 4.7961 3.4969 60%
1 -1.36 -1.68 -1.49 1.8496 2.8224 2.2201 % Tol (5.15 SD)
10 2 -1.25 -1.62 -1.77 -14.14 9 -1.571111 22.215511 5.1221333333 7.68 9.7921333 1.5625 2.6244 3.1329 40% % Tol (6.0 SD)
3 -1.31 -1.5 -2.16 1.7161 2.25 4.6656
20%
Sum 5.71 2.05 -7.63 0.13
n 30 30 30 90 0%
Avg 0.1903333 0.0683333 -0.254333 88.362122 91.888367 Gage R&R Repeat Reprod Part-Part
ColSqs 1.0868033 0.1400833 1.9405633 3.16745 Sum T Sqs Sum P Sqs Sum Cell Sqs
Sum X 0.13
Sum X2 94.6473 10 9
n 90 Ten
CM 0.0001878 Part 1 2 3 Xbar R Average Range
TotSS 94.647112 Op. A 1 0.29 0.41 0.64 Op. A & Op. B 0.4466667 0.35 Op. A 1 0.4466667 #N/A #N/A 0.35 #N/A #N/A Op. A 1 0.44666667
TechSS 3.1672622 2 -0.56 -0.68 -0.58 Op. A & Op. C -0.606667 0.12 2 -0.606667 #N/A #N/A 0.12 #N/A #N/A 2 -0.6066667
PartSS 88.361934 3 1.34 1.17 1.27 Op. B & Op. C 1.26 0.17 3 1.26 #N/A #N/A 0.17 #N/A #N/A 3 1.26
InterSS 0.3589822 4 0.47 0.5 0.64 0.5366667 0.17 4 0.5366667 #N/A #N/A 0.17 #N/A #N/A 4 0.53666667
ErrorSS 2.7589333 5 -0.8 -0.92 -0.84 -0.853333 0.12 5 -0.853333 #N/A #N/A 0.12 #N/A #N/A 5 -0.8533333