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 3a iTbpea cmpaHuu,a Ha mpuu,ama e u3non3eaH cppaa-
MeHm om MUHuamiopa om MaHacueeama nem onuc (XIV
e.), uniocmpupama oôcadama Ha JJopocmon om 1/loaH I
LJu m u ck u

© CraHHMHp 3Be3flOB, aBTop, 2016

© HK Oanedajio
ISBN 978-619-7261-14-1
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HCTopMHTa Ha S t n r a p c x a T a f lt p w a B a npe3 C p e p H H T e Be-
KOBe. E n n c x a B a T a e n o x a n o BpeMeTO Ha H eroBnn n p e p -
LuecTBeHMK C w M eoH B e n n x n MO>xe p a ce Ka>Ke, He e n p o-
flU D K e H a npn p a p n e r b p , xaxTO noKa3BaT c tB p e M e H H H T e
M3cneflBaHMH B t p x y HeroBOTO y n p a B n e H H e , M a x a p no-CTa-
p a ia ncTopnorpacj3nn no B t n p o c a p a npneivia n H H H o c rra
Ha n e r b p 3a c n a 6 a h 6e3xap aKT ep H a. npoptn>xH TenH H flT
MMp np n HeroBOTO y n p a B n e H H e p o n p H H a c n 3a p a 3 B m n e -
To Ha K y m y p a ia h o õ n a ro p o p n B a H e T O Ha E tn ra p c K O T O
papcTBO. H e ip o noBene, npH HeroBOTO y n p a B n e H H e c a no-
CTHmaTH h MH0>xecTB0 p p y rn ycnexH , h t o n o h h c t o p h -
nnoM aTHHecKH n t T - paBaH eTO Ha p a p c x o p o c t o h h c t b o
Ha õ tn ra p c K H n B n a p e T e n h n p H 3 H a B a H e io Ha aBTOxect>an-
H o c u a Ha õ tn r a p c K a T a p t p x B a H a n e n o c n a T p n ap x. B t -
n p e xn Te3H 6e3cn op H H y c n e x n rieTpoBOTO p a p y B a H e HMa
H HHXOH HeflOCTaTbpn. Pa3BHTHeTO Ha 6orOMHnCTBOTO
n o p x o n a B a n o ycTOHTe Ha p tp w a B a T a . H o a x o õ t p e M p o
xp aii necTHH, T p n 6 B a p a n p n3H aeM , He TOBa pa3BHTHe Ha
H e Lp a ia He e 6 n n o x a p a x ie p H O epHHCTBeHO 3 a E t n r a p H n
b T03H n e p n o p . BH 3aH T H H C xaia H M n e p n n C T p a p a n a c b lp o
OT pa3npocTpaH eH H eTO Ha T33H epee. 3aT O Ba h p a p n e r b p
c e o õ p t i p a 3a CbBeT xbm xoHCTaHTHHononcxHn n a ip n a p x
TeocjDHnaxT.
YnpaBneH H eTO Ha p a p r ie r b p MO>xe p a c e npneivie 3a
MHoroacnexTHO , ToecT t o He MO>xe p a ce opeH H B a epHO-
3HaHHO. B e 3 cb M H e H H e Haíí-Ba>XHaTa xa p a xT e p n c T H xa Ha
TOBa y n p a B n e H H e ca 6tnrapo-B H 3aH TH H C XH T e OTHOLneHHn,
xoHTO b nacTHOCT c a B 3a H M H O o6 B tp 3a H H H c p p yrH T e Cb>-
6 h t h h o t rieTpoBOTO p a p y B a H e - oT p e n B aH e T o Ha cpi>6-
c x h h t x h h 3 H e c n a B h H a xn yB a H H n T a Ha Map>xapHTe.

5
 M3Bopme 3a ynpaBneHneio Ha pap rierbp I ca TBtp-
pe ManKO Ha 6poíí m oõxBamaT TBtppe MariKO cbÕMTMH
npe3 npofltn>KMTeriHOTO My papyBaHe. OcHOBHme M3Bopn
ca OT BM33HTMMCKM XapaKTep. Te BKJItOHBaT - ripopfcJDKM-
TenfiT Ha TeocjDaH, JltB TpaMaTMK, ["IceBpo-CMMeoH, C km-
nnpa-KeflpnH, npofl-bn>KHTermT Ha Teoprn MoHax, Koh -
ciaHTHH BarpeHopoflHM m 1/IoaH 3oHapa. Ba>KHM CBepeHMH
ce Cbfltp^aT M B M3BOpHTe OT J13TMHCKM npOM3XOp. EflMH-
CTBeHHflT JiaTHHCKM M3BOp e OT enMCKOn JlMyTnpaHfl. M m-
HMMaiiHM cBepeHMH ce cbfltp^aT m b pycKMBT neTonMceH
CBOfl „noBecTb BpeMeHHbix J ie f . CBepeHMfl 3a rieTpoBOTO
papyBaHe paBa m eBpeiicKMHT aBTop, HMeTO cbHMHeHMe
openflBa b apaõcxa cpepa, H6paxMM M6H-?ky6a.
HcTopMorpacfDMiiTa, CBtp3aHa c 6tJirapo-BM3aHTMM-
CKMTe OTHOLueHMfl npM ynpaBJieHMeTO Ha pap rierbp, e
TBtppe pa3HonocoHHa. Ta Bapnpa ot ntriHO OTpnpaHMe
po n-biiHO npneMaHe Ha pap nerbp. llopapM xapaicrepa Ha
M3BopoBMTe M3BecTMH, OTHacHLpM ce caMO po onpepene-
hm cb6MTMP, cjiyHMJiM ce npM pap rierbp, to opeHKMTe Ha
pa3/iMHHMTe M3cnepBaHM ipe 6tpaT npeporaBeHM b HacTO-
HLpaTa pa6oTa no OTpenHMTe maBM, 3acflraipn pa3JiMHHM-
Te nepMopM Ha 6tJirapo-BM3aHTMMCKMTe oTHoweHMH.
 I71ABA ITbPBA
FITdPBO HAHA/IHH TE flEH CTBH fl
HA UAP ÍIETT dP I H /lOrOBOP'bT
_______ QT 927 rO flH H A_______

L4apyBaHeTO Ha C M M e o H M3npaBH B tn r a p M H Ha rpaHH-

Lim e Ha B"b3MO>KHOCTme m. B c H H K m e p e c yp cH Ha flt p w a -
B a ia c a B npem aT M b enMHHMfl c6jTbCbK c B n3aH Tnn. C n e fl
ynpaBneH H eTO Ha l/lpaioim ã h o õ c a f la ia Ha KoHCTaHTMHO-
n o n OT a B a p H h nepcH, io k t o h flB e ie o õ ca flH Ha BM3aH-
TMHCKaia CToriHLia o t a p a õ m e , npw ynpaB neH H eT O Ha õ t n -
rapcKMH B nafleTen C H M e o H Bn3aHTMH o t h o b o e M 3npaBeH a
Ha n p a ra Ha o p e n a B a H e io eu.
H e H a B p e M e H H a ia C M tp T Ha C H M e o H Ha 2 7 Mai/i 9 2 7
roflHHa ocTaBH rp a H flH 0 3 H m e M y npoeKTH HeflOBtpLueHM.
ycneiiJHMTe M y BoeHHM KaMnaHMM c p e m y BM3aHTMfl yBenM -
MaBaT 3HaHHTenH0 T e p m o p M B T a Ha õ tn r a p c K a T a flt p w a -
Ba, KOHTO Bene c e npocTM pa B t p x y n o - r o n a M a ia n a cT o t
BariKaHCKMH n o n yocT p oB , h o Te3H T e p m o p n n npw C M t p r r a
M y o c ia B a T Bce o m e He flOCTarbHHO ycBoeHM. 1/lMa caM O
eflHa BoeH H O BpeM eH H a rpaHHua, k o h to 6 m ia T B tp fle xpex-
xa. A BM3aHTMiíi4m e HHKora He 6 n x a ce OTKa3ann o t now-
TM BCHHKMTe CM ÕaflKaHCKM BJiafleHMB. B CbLlJOTO B p e M e
BcneflCTBMe nojiMTMKaTa Ha B m a n im m onMTMTe m, npe3
KoaaMi4Míi c flp yrn fltp w a B M fla c n p e arpecM H Ta Ha C M M e -
OH, B tn ra p M H npM C M tp T T a M y o cT a B a 3ao6M KorieH a o t
BparoB e. O c B e H BM3aHTMH, k o h to e o c h o b h m h t npM p en Ha
CM M eoH O BaTa eKcnaH3MH, KaTO npoTMBHMLjM Ha BbJirapM B
B T03M nepMOfl ce onepT aBaT m M aflwapMTe, m xtpBaTM Te.

7
O c B e H TOBa o n m m e M y fla M y 6 t f le n p n 3 H a ia T m n a ia
„ B a cn n eB C Ha õ t n r a p M m p o M e n “ o c ia B a T b ccfrepaTa Ha
f lo 6 p m e now enaH M n, 3aiflOTO t s He 6 n n a n p n 3 H a ia h m t o
OT BM3aHTHH, HHTO OT llanCTBOTO. llp e flC T o n n o fla c e yTOH-
h h h CTaTyrbT Ha õ tn ra p c K M fi ntpBO CBem eHM K. lloflHMHe-
h m a t M y CTaTyT tcbM KoH CTaH THH ononcKaTa naTpM apuiM n
3 a c T p a u ja B a n o H e3aBM CM M O crra Ha 6 tn ra p c K a T a flt p w a -
Ba H 6 m TIO npOBOflHHK Ha BM3aHTMMCKM nOTMTMHeCKM BJ1M-
flHMfl.
B T33M cno>KHa CHTyaflHfl Ha npecTOJia c e B t3K a H B a
no-Ma/iKMflT c h h Ha C H M eoH , rierbp, n pefl k o to to C T oa n a
He neK a T a 3 a fla n a fla peniM bcmhkm Te3H cno>KHM n p o õ n e -
mm, CTOfliflH n p efl õ tn r a p c K a T a fltp w a B a . I/I tom c e cn p aBH
6necTHiflo. M pe3 flnnnoM aT M H ecKH n p eroB op M h b33mmhm
OTCTtnKM o t C T p a H a Ha B b n ra p w a h B n 3 a H T n n c e CTwra flo
eflHH MHp, kom to 6 h ji eflHaKBO Ba>KeH m 3a flBeTe fltp w a B M ,
M3TOLfleHM c n e fl n p ofltn w M T en H M T e bomhm n o BpeM eTO Ha
C H M eoH .
B H ananoTO Ha ynpaBJieHHeTO Ha rierbp, c m h v t Ha
C H M e o H o t BTopHH M y dipax cbc ce cT p a T a Ha f“eoprM C y p -
cyByn, 3aeflHO e t c c b o h n p t B noMOLflHMK ByííMo M y T e o p m
C y p c y B y n n p o fltn w M n M BoeHHMTe fleMCTBMfl c p e ifly B m-
3aHTMfi, 3an a3BaiiK H TBtpflM fl Kypc Ha 6 tn r a p c K a T a B tH iii-
Ha nonHTMKa. C n o p e fl H3BopoBM Te flaHHM rierbp M M an M3-
BecTHH ycn exM b Te3H cm HanMHaHMH. B „>KnTMe Ha M a p n n
H o B a “ ce c n o M e H a B a cneflHOTo:
„ M a n K o no-KbCHO kb3qh\a9\t C n M e o H H a n y cH a n wan-
KaTa cm fly iu a m rierbp, HeroBMHT cmh, H acneflM n BnacTTa.
Tom, KaTO c e B t3 n o ji3 B a n T B tp fle BapBapcKM o t o 6 c t o h -
TencTBaTa, p a 3p y n iM n flo ochobm 3aB3eTMTe o t HeroBMn
6 a ifla rpaflO Be b TpaKMH, noBM Kan npM c e 6 e cm H aM M pa-
LflMTe ce b t a x S t n r a p M m c t a x n o ctiflM fl hbhmh pa3pyLUMn
B M 3a.“1

1 TMBM, T. 5, 1964, CTP. 80.

8
 B T a 3 n B p t 3 Ka b n p o p b n > x n T e n n Ha Teocf>aH c e c n o -
M eH aB a n 3 a n o x o p Ha 6 b n ra p M T e b M axepoH M B, „3 a p a
B H y in a T d p a x , xaxTo e e c ie c T B e H O Ha p o M e m e ”2. Ctipo-
TO n 3 B e d n e c e n p e n o B T a p n n o t J Ib b TpaM aTHK3, I lc e B p o -
Cw vteoH 4, C x H n m p a -K e p p H H 5 m n p o p u D X M T e n n Ha T e o p m
M o H a x 6.
Tesn peíícTBHfl c n o p e p h h xo h h c t o p h p h HM anH 3a pen
p a noxaxoT , ne h h o b h a t B n a p e T e n Ha E t n r a p H n ipe n p o-
ptn>KH BoííHCTBeHaTa nonnTi/ixa Ha 6aLpa ch h Lpe o x a sB a
HenpeicbCHaT h b th c k B t p x y poM eHTe, p e n n ip n o -p o 6 p n
y c n o B H n np n epHH p n n n o M a T n n e c K n n p e ro B o p n eBeHTy-
an H O 7, xaxTo h Me ce p e n n n o p a c e c b 3 p a p e e p H a nycTe-
eLpa 30H a b K)>XHHTe rpaHHHHH n p o cT o p n Ha 6t>nrapcxaTa
p t p w a B a , xonTO x a ra 6y<£ep p a n p e p n a 3 B a ocHOBHi/iTe n
T e p n T o p n n 8.
B T e 3 H n tp B H M ecep H o t yn p a B n e H n e T O Ha l le r b p
BH 3 aHTHHCXHTe H3 BOpH cno M eH aB aT, Me OXOnHHTe H ap o p n
Ha 6 b n r a p n T e , T o e c T x tp B a T H n M ap>xapn n o p ro T B n n n H a -
napeH M n H ap B t n ra p M n . B c t ip o T O BpeM e T e p n T o p n « T a
Ha p t p w a B a T a 6 n n a H a n a p H a T a o t c x a x a n p H n H a crt> n n n
ronnM m a p . B p o n tn H e H w e Ha TO Ba, 6 i> n ra p n T e OMaxBanw
H anapeH M fl m o t c T p a H a Ha BH 3 a H T n iip M T e 9. Mo>xe 6 h T e 3 H

2 T M B H , t. 5 , 1 9 6 4 , C Tp. 1 3 6 .
3 T M B H , t. 5 , 1 9 6 4 , d p . 167.
4 T H B H , t. 5 , 1 9 6 4 , d p . 182.
5 T H B H , t. 6 , 1 9 6 5 , C Tp. 2 5 5 - 2 5 6 .
6 r H B M , T . 6 , 1 9 6 5 , C Tp. 1 5 0 .
7 3/iaTapcKM, B. Hctopmh Ha G tn ra p cK a T a f lt p w a B a npe3
C p e f lH H T e B e x o B e , t. 1 , h. 2 , crp . 5 2 0 - 5 2 1 ; K o n e a a p o B , n. Pap ne­
r b p I - B : B o e H H O - M C T o p M H e c K H c õ o p H M K , 4 , 1 9 8 2 , C Tp. 1 9 3 - 1 9 4 .
8 KoneflapoB, n. norimnHecKa reorpacJjMa Ha CpeflHOBexoBr
C., 1 9 7 9 , C Tp. 2 1 - 2 2 .
H a T a õ t n r a p c K a f lb p w a B a , h . 1 ,
9 n p o f l - b n w M T e j i H T H a T e o c f ia H - T l/IB M , t. 5 , 1 9 6 4 ICTp: 135—
1 3 6 ; J l t B T p a M a T i i K - T U B V , t. 5 , 1 9 6 4 , C T p . 1 6 7 ; l l c e B A O jCHMeOH -
1196.5
T M B U , t. 5 , 1 9 6 4 , d p . 1 8 2 ; C K H J i n q a - K e A P H H - f U B H , t. 6
255, b cnMCbxa c npoTHBHHL(M Ha õbnrapcKaTa flbpwaBa cnbitfíeHaBá ki
HanafleHMfl b TpaKMH m MaKeflOHMn, 3a ko m to roBopuxM e,
ca 6 m m npeBaHTMBeH y q a p cpeifly eflHa 6 tfle ifla BM3aH-
TMMCKa arpecufl.
C n e fl c n o M e H a im e HanafleHMH Hafl MaKeflOHMn10 bm-
3aHTMÍícKme aBTopM OT6enn3BaT, He p o M e m e H3npaTmiM
BoiicKa wnM noflroTBfliiM TaxaBa, o t pa3JiMHHme M3Bopn He
CTaBa cbB ceM hcho. H o KoraTo 6tnrap M T e flonynM 3a TOBa,
rie T tp m HeroBHflT oneKyH fe o p rn C yp cyB yn om paBH riH
CKpmuoM eflMH MOHax o t apMeHCKM npon3xofl Ha HMe Ka-
noKwp, komto Hocen c b c ce 6 e on xpMCOByn flo s m a n i m -
ckhh mvinepaTop11. HaM-no,qpo6eH o th o c h o HaneBaiflMTe
np eroBopn Me>Kfly BM3aHTMML|M h 6 t n r a p n e ripofltnDKM-
TenyiT Ha TeocjDaH. C n o p e fl Hero xpM CO Bynvr c t f l t p x o n
npeflno>KeHne 3a MMp, k3kto h npeflnoweHMe 3a 6paneH
floroBop, komto fla noflCMJiM MMpHMH floroBop. Mivinepa-
Top PoM aH I JlaxanMH npMen c orpoM H a paflocT T03M wecT
Ha ,qo6pa Bonn o t CTpaHa Ha rie rb p m re o p m C yp cyB yn
m M3npaTMn BeflHara c flpoMOH MOHaxa TeoflocMii A B yxa
m papcKMH CBemeHMK KoHCTaHTMH PoflMM, 3a ,qa nperoBa-
P h t b M eceM BpM H c õbnrapMTe. C n e fl KaTO npMCTMmanM m
yroBopMnM TOBa, KoeTO ÕMno Heo6xoflMMo, Te ce BtpH anM
no cynia 3aeflHO c E tn ra p M H a CTecjDaH. C n o p e fl Iln a M e H
n a B n o B T03M CTecjDaH 6 n n 6nM 3tK poflHMHa Ha rierbp, ho

ctpõnTe, h o Te OLqe npM CMMeoH ca aaBnafleHM. HHTepecHO flanM e

HAMano pa3flBH>KBaHe cpefl tax cnefl cwbprra Ha CHMeoH?; npoflwi-
WMTennT Ha TeoprM Mohsx - THEM, t. 6, 1965, CTp. 150.
10 HanafleHMBTa Hafl MaxeflOHHn ca Mowe 6 m cbiflMTe noxoflM,
komto ca cnoMeHaTM b „>KMTMe Ha Mapna HoBa“. MaxeflOHMn HaM-Be-
ponTHO e TeMa MaxeflOHMn, k o h to e 6v\na b OflpMHCKa TpaKMB.
11 Cnopefl rinaMeH riaBnoB MHMflMaTMBaTa aa CKnioHBaHeTO Ha
MMpa 6nna o t BM3aHTMMCKa CTpaHa. MoHaxvr KanoKMp 6nn bm33h-
tmmckm flMnnoMaT, komto 6nn npaTeH no-paHO, cnefl CMMeoHOBaTa
CMtpT, a cnoMeHaTOTO M3BecTMe Ha ripoflbnwMTena Ha TeocjsaH aa
ManpaiflaHeTO My o t rierbp c xpMCOByn npM BMaaHTMMCKMa MMnepaTop
BCbiflHocT ÕMno saBpbLflaHeTo My cnefl ycneaiHo aaBbpiueHaTa mm-
cmb. - flaBnoB, n. BeicbT Ha flap CaMynn, C., 2014, CTp. 17.

10
3 a TOBa HflMa KOHKpeTHM MCTOpMHeCKM CBefleHM fl12. B t-
npeKM n e Ba>KHOCTTa Ha MMCMBTa, k b k to m H e íÍH a T a T a ü H -
CTBeHOCT b H an an o TO n o 3 B o n « B a f la c e npeflnonoxcM , n e
tom e 6 n n , aKO He poflH H H a, t o T B t p f le n p n 6 nn>KeHa flo
õ tJ ira p c K H B B n a fle T e n jih hh oct. C n o p e f l T o flo p T o flo p o B
cnoM eHaTM HT C ie cjD aH BCbLflHOCT 3 a e M a n fljrb>KHOCTTa Ka-
B x a H 13. C n e f l n p n cT n raH e T O Ha BH 3 aH T H H C K m e n p a ie H m 4 H
m cnoM eHaTM B C ie cjD aH b KoHCTaHTM Honon, npMCTMmanM
m TeoprM C y p c y B y n , CH M eoH K a n y ia p K a H m y ca M n cH C , Cm-
MeoH, Lu yp eíí Ha õ tn rap cK M H B n a fle T e n , HBKaicbB cpoflHH K
Ha r ie r b p , no wvie C ie cjD aH m MaroTMH, KpoH m Mmhmk. T e
c e cpeLflH anw c M M nepaTop PoM aH JlaxanM H . K o r a io bm-
fle n H flB Lfle p n T a Ha XpncTOcjDop, c h h m c tM M n e p a io p Ha
PoM aH JlaxanM H , Te cxnKDHMnM n tp B O c n o p a 3 y M e H n e io 3 a
m hp m naK c n e f l TOBa nw canH Ha r ie r b p f la f lo iif le nMHHO b
K o H CTaH TH H onon. M a m c r b p Y \ m m a , CB aT Ha M M nepaTop
PoM aH JlaKanM H, 6 n n n 3 n p a ie H f la n o c p e iflH e m flO B e fle
b C T o n H fla T a 6 t n r a p c K n n B n a fle T e n . K o r a io l le r b p npMC-
T H m a n , M M n e p a io p v r c e KanMn Ha T p i/ie p a m o T H in t n bt>b
B n a x e p H m e . T aM n o cp e LflH an npMCTMmanMn l le r b p m ro
npM BeTCTBan. C n e f l xaTO B O flnnn np ero B o p w , Te n o fln M ca-
n m MHpHHA flo ro B o p h cnopasyM eH M eTO 3 a õ p a x a , Me>Kfly
õ tn ra p c K M B T B n a fle T e n m M ap w a, f lt if le p B T a Ha c tM M n e p a -
T o p a XpwcTocjDop. H 3 B o p n T e cno M eH aB aT, n e n p e ro B o p m e
6 n n n H S B tp iiie H H c nocpeflH H HecTB O TO Ha npoTO B ecTM a-
pMB TeocjDaH. Ha 8 oktom bpm 927 roflMHa 6 n n o M S B tp w e -
Ho 6 paKocbM eTaH neTO Ha 6 i>nrapcKM fl B n a fle T e n r ie r b p c
M api/m , B H y H K a ia Ha M M nepaTop PoM aH JlaxanM H , H a p e n e -
Ha no c n y n a ií M npa 1/lpMHa. LjepeMOHMm a ÕMna BOfleHa
o t KOHCTaHTMHononcKMB naTpM apx C ie cjD aH II (925-928), a
12 M cTopun Ha 6-bnrapme, t. 1. C., 2003, dp. 271 (M a f la T e n c T B O
„Tpyfl“).
13 ToflopoB, T. 3a MOTHBapMBTa Ha õtnrapcKaTa AenerapMn b
KoHCTaHTHHonon npe3 eceHTa Ha 927 roflHHa. - B: nvryBaHHHTa b
cpeflHOBeKOBHa B-bnrapMn. C., 2009, CTp. 390.

11
KyMOBe Ha MnaflaTa flBoiiKa 6nnn reopm CypcyByn h npo-
TOBecTnapnflT TeocjDaH. Cnefl fltnrn npa3HeHCTBa Bnafle-
TencKaTa flBoiiKa 3aMMHana 3a Btnrapwn14.
B t B B p t3K a c T03M floroBop e MHTepeceH h B tn p o -
c"bT KonKO ronflMa e 6 n n a B n a c u a Ha Teopm C ypcyB yn.
C n o p e fl hakom aBTopi/i ocH O BH m e MexaHM3MH Ha B n a c u a
6 n n n b p tp e T e tohho Ha T03H ctBeTHMK Ha T Btpfle M na-
flMH B n a fle ie n Ha Btnrapi/in15. C n o p e fl flpyra 3HaHeHweTO
My He 6 n n o on peflenniflo16. M3rne>Kfla, He Teoprn C y p c y ­
Byn e HMan orpoMHO Bnn?iHne Hafl n e rb p , kohto b to 3m
MOMeHT e 6 n n OKono 20-roflnujeH. Mo>Ke fla ce npeflnono-
>kh, ne ocHOBHi/iflT M fleonor 3a MMpa c Bn3aHTnn e Teoprn
C yp cyB yn. Ho, p a 36 n p a ce, 6e3 noBene M3Bopn e TBtpfle
TpyflHO fla ce Kawe e t c cwrypHOCT flo Ktfle ce e npocTMpa-
n a B n a c u a Ha to3m BHfleH õ tn rap cK H fltpwaBHMK.
3a ct>KaneHne TeKCTbT Ha floroBopa ot o k t o m b p m 927
roflMHa He e 3ana3eH, ho no cBefleHHma Ha B m a m m c m -
Te h HBKOM naTMHCKM aBTopn 3a ynpaBneHneTO Ha pap ne­
rbp MoraT fla 6tflaT B-b3CTaHOBeHH h ako h ot ocHOBHHTe
KnaysH, 3anemann b Hero:
1) Ha nenHO mhcto 6 nn nocTaBeH B t n p o c t T 3a ypew-
flaHe Ha rpaHwqaTa Me>Kfly BM3aHTnn h BtnrapHfl.

14 ripofltn)KiiTejiHT Ha TeotjiaH - rHEI4, t . 5, 1964, CTp. 136-

137; J ltB TpaMaTHK - THEM, t . 5, 1964, CTp. 167-168; nceBAO-Cu-
M e o H - t . 5, 1964, C Tp. 182; C K W i M u a - K e A p i i H - T U B H, t . 6, 1965,
d p . 256; r i p o g t i J D K i i T e j i f l T Ha reopm MoHax - I~HE14, t . 6, 1965,
CTp. 150-152; MoaH 3 oHapa - TMB14, t . 7, 1968, CTp. 178.
15 3 n a T a p c K M , B. McTopnn Ha 6bnrapcKaTa flt-pwaBa npe3
CpeflHMTe BeKOBe, t. 1, h. 2. C., 2002, CTp. 537; Songeon, R. P.
Geerin. Histoire de la Bulgarie. Paris, 1913, pp. 164-165; MyTacjjHn-
eB, n. HcTopMH Ha 6bnrapcKHfl Hapoq 681-1323. C., 1986, CTp. 200,
npneivia, ne reoprn CypcyByn e 6nn cjDaKTkinecKn rnaBa Ha qapcTBOTO
b HananoTo Ha ynpaBneHneTO Ha nerbp.
16 C H e ra p o B , M b . n tp B a T a õbnrapcKa naTpnapm nn - B: To-
A u l l i h u k Ha Coc|DnncKHH yH nBepcnTer BorocnoBCKn cjjaKynTeT, t. 26,
1948-1949, CTp. 22.

12
 Hnivia npeKM flaHHM bn 3 B o p m e , k o m t o fla roBopnT
3a TaKaBa Knay3a, h o e H a n tn H O BepoBT H o fla e
cbLi^ecTByBajia TaKaBa, K a ra M M aM e npeflBMfl rn a-
BOJIOMHOTO TepMTOpMaJlHO p33BMTMe Ha B tn ra p M H
npM p a p C M M e oH m OTpM uaTenHaTa no3ML|MB Ha
BM3aHTMH KbM Te3M 3aB06B3H M B. C n o p e fl n oB e n e -
TO MHeHMB no B t n p o c a BCMHKM BOeHHOBpeMeHHM
3 6 m m , 3aBOhOBaHM o t C m m b o h , ce Bp-bm anM Ha Bm-
3aHTMB, K a ra rpaHMflaTa ce o n p e fle n n n a o t no-CTa-
pMTe floroB opM o t 896 m 904 roflMHa. B -bn p ocb T 3a
TOMHaTa rpaH M pa Ha E t n r a p M n m BM3aHTMn cn e fl
flo ro B o p a o t 927 roflMHa Bee OLfle e cn o p e H m TbpnM
KOpeKflMM17.
2) Ha BTopo MHCTO o c T a B a n a K n a y sa T a o t flo ro B o p a o t
896 roflMHa, BM3aHTMn fla M3nnaLfla roflMineH fla H tK
Ha B tn ra p M fl, KaTO flO Ka3aTencTBo 3a TOBa e n p a -
TeHMHecTBOTO npM M M ne p aT op HmkmcJdop I! O oKa,
KOeTO fla M3MCKB3 fltnW M M M B rOflMUJeH fla H B K 18.
3) Ha T p e T O m b cto Õ M n o y r o B o p e H O fla é t f l e M 3 B t p -
in e H a p a 3 M B H a H a n n e H H M flM T e m o t f lB e T e C Tp aH M .
3a p a 3 M H H a T a H a n n e H H M flM T e c n o M e H a B a K o h -

17 KojieflapoB, n. nonmnHecKa reorpa<£na Ha CpeflHOBeKOB-

Haia 6"bnrapcKa fltpwaBa, h. 1. C., 1979, CTp. 50-51. Bacnn 3naiap-
CKM npweMa, He eflHHCTBeHaTa peanHa npnflo6nBKa Ha llerbp ot aa-
BoeBaHMflTa Ha CHMeoH 6nna TepmopnnTa Ha npHMopcKme rpaflOBe
fleBem, Co3onon h AraTonon. - 3naTapcKn, B. HcTopnn Ha 6tnrap-
CKaTa fl-bpxraBa npea CpeflHme BeKOBe, t. 1, h. 2. C., 2002, CTp. 525.
B npoTMBOBec Ha TOBa MHeHiie, KoeTO ce B"b3npneMa h ot .qpyrn yne-
hm, IlnaMeH naBnoB npneMa, ne aeMme ot Ctpbhaxo npea BenoMo-
pneTO flo flHeiuHO Kocobo h AnõaHHfl ocTaBaT õtnrapcKH, BKntoHmen-
Ho h panoHvr oKono r o n e M M B B H 3 a H T H ííc K M rpafl ConyH. - r i a B J i o B ,
rin. BeKtT Ha qap CaMynn. C., 2014, CTp. 20.
18 3naTapcKn, B. HcTopnn Ha 6-bnrapcKaia fltpwaBa npe3
CpeflHme B e K O B e , t. 1, h. 2. C., 2002, C Tp. 525; J l t B A b k o h - TMBU,
T. 5, 1964, C Tp. 246-247.

13
 CTaHTMH E a rp e H o p o flH M 19.
4) Ha HeTBtpTo m hcto m MO>Ke 6m Haii-Ba>KHa o t bcmh-
km ocTaHariM Knay3M, 6mho npM3HaBaHeio Ha flap-
CKOTO flOCTOMHCTBO Ha IleTbp. O n y K HaceTHe TOM
ce TMTynyBan „BacMJieBC Ha 6 tn ra p M T e “, kbkto m
bcmhkm ocTaHariM õtnrapcKM BnafleTenM flo nafla-
HeTO Ha CpeflHOBeKOBHaTa õ tn ra p c K a fltp w aBa.
Ta3M TMTJia õM na npaBo, 3a KoeTo c ocHOBaHMe npe-
TeHflMpaiiM m BnafleTeriMTe o t B to p o to õtnrap cK O
uapcTBO, cnefl KaTo BeflH tw Bene Ómjio flafleHO Ha
rierbp. EtnrapcKM H T flap 6mti o6nBeH cnopefl cne-
flMCjDMHHaTa MfleonorMfl Ha BM3aHTMMflMTe 3a „nOKO-
peH CMH“ Ha BM33HTMMCKMH MMnepaTOp M 3a BTOpM
cnefl caMMn BacnneBC Ha poMeMTe. ToBa h ch o ce
BM>Kfla m o t CBefleHMeTO Ha JlMyTnpaHfl, nocnaHM-
Ka Ha MMnepaTopa Ha CBeifleHaTa Pmmck3 MMne-
pMfl O t o h I, komto, KaTo npMCTMman b KoHCTaH-
TMHonon, cpeiflH an 6tnrap cK M npaTeHMflM, komto
Ha opraHM3MpaHOTO nMpwecTBO 6mam nocTaBeHM
Ha Tpane3aTa to h h o flo MMnepaTopa Ha poMeMTe,
Kara BTopM cnefl Hero, a nocnaHMtcvr Ha CBeifle-
HaTa PMMCKa MMnepMH cnopefl npoTOKona 6 n n no-
CTaBeH no-Ha3afl20. ToBa noKa3Ba hobmh M3BOK)BaH
CTaTyc Ha 6tnrapcKM fl BnafleTen. rierbp e HapeneH
„BacMneBC Ha E-bnrapMn" m b KopecnoHfleHflMHTa
M y c KOHCTaHTMHononcKMH naTpnapx TeocjDMnaKT21.

19 TH EM , T. 5, 1964, CTp. 204; K o H C T a H T iiH E a r p n H o p o f lH b iM .

0 6 ynpaBneH nn wvmepMeM. TeKCT, nepeBOfl, KOMeHTapMM. M., 1991,
CTp. 63; 3/iaTapcKM, B. McTopua Ha 6bnrapcKaTa fltp w aB a npe3
CpeflHMTe BeKOBe, t. 1, m. 2. C., 2002, CTp. 526.
20 J1H5H, t. 2, 1960, CTp. 3 2 4 -3 2 7 .
21 3/iaTapcKM, B. HcTopwa Ha 6i>nrapcKaTa fltp w a B a npes
CpeflHMTe BeKOBe, t. 1, m . 2. C., 2002, CTp. 8 4 0 -8 4 5 ; A H r e n o B , fl.,
ripMMOB, B., BaTaKTIMeB, r. EorOMMnCTBOTO B EbnrapMB, BMSaHTMH m
3anaflH a EB p o n a b M3BopM. C., 1967, CTp. 4 1 -4 6 .

14
 ToBa, KoeTO 6 n n o 0TKa3aH 0 Ha CmvieoH, 6 m io fla-
fleHO b flocT a n o -M a n K a c ie n e H Ha lle r b p , h o b b -
npeKH TOBa 3 H a H e H n e io M y e o rp oM H O 22. T m n a T a
„ B a c n n e B c “ Ha 6 tn ra p c K H H B n a fle ie n e s c h o y n o -
M eH aTa h b n e n a im e My, o t k p h t m b E t / ir a p u ã 23.
5) H a neTo m h c t o 6 m ia npM3HaTa, KaTo aBTOKecjDarma,
H a n e n o c n a ip n a p x m õ t n r a p c K a T a fltp K B a , K a io
o c h o b h o t o fl0 K a 3 a ie n c T B 0 3a TOBa e, He cn o p e fl
ToraBaLU H m e pa36npaH M n, qapcTBO 6e3 n a ip n a p x

22 E a x a n o B , T. L(apcKaTa npoMynrapMH Ha n e rb p m HeroBMTe

npneMHMun b cB e in n H a ia Ha õtrrapo-BuaaHTuíícKHTe flunnoMaTune-
CKM OTHOiiieHHB cneA floroBopa o t 927 roflHHa. - B: HcTopnHecKM npe-
rrefl, 6, 1983, CTp. 3 5 -4 5 ; 3naTapcKM, B. McTopuB Ha õtnrapcKaTa
fltpjKaBa npe3 C pe flH m e BeKOBe, t . 1, h . 2. c., 2002, cip. 5 2 6 -5 2 8 ;
flbonrep, Op. CpeflHOBeKOBHOTO ceMeficTBO Ha BnafleTenMTe m Hapo-
fliiTe h 6-bnrapcKMB BnapeTen - B: C n n caH n e Ha B tnrap cK aT a Anafle-
m m b Ha HayKMTe, k t io h l4cTopnKO-Onnono™HecKn, t. 32, kh. 66, 1943,
CTp. 1 8 1 -2 2 2 ; Dolger, Fr. B y z a n s und die E u ra p a isch e staatenwelt.
S p e y e r am Rhein, 1953, pp. 1 5 4 -1 5 5 ; Bananos, T - CpeAHOBeKOB-
h m h t 6-bnrapcKM BnapeTen. C., 1995, CTp. 1 7 0 -1 7 3 . B Taaw Bpt3Ka
roneMMST BH3aHTonor Ancfrpep P a M 6 o npneMa, He CbLpuHCKOTO npn-
SHaBaHe Ha papcKaTa T iim a Ha n e rb p e cTaHano eABa cneA C M bprra
Ha PoMaH JlaKannH, r e . cneA 9 4 5 roAUHa, Rambaud, Alfred. L'em pire
grec au X -m e siècle. Paris, 1870, p. 342. C bip aT a n oan u n s 3acrbnB a
h Songeon, R. P. Geerin. Histire de la Bulgarie. Paris, 1913, p. 166.
23 T e p a c M M O B , T. O tio bh m n e n a ™ Ha õbnrapcKMTe pape Cmvie-
OH m nerbp. - B: HsBecTna Ha BwirapcKMH apxeonornHecKM MHCTMTyT,
t. 22, 1939, CTp. 359-363; tO p y x o B a , ÍÍ. Cpe6t>peH nenaT Ha pap ne­
rbp (927-968). - B: HyMM3MaTMKa, r. 14, k h . 3, 1980, CTp. 3-11; T o -
TeB, T. O noBeH nenaT Ha pap n e r b p (927-968). - B: HyMM3MaTHKa,
r. 23, k h . 2, 1989, CTp. 40-41; rio riK O H C T a H T iiH O B , K. H o b nenaT Ha
pap lierbp. - B: HyMM3MaTMKa, r. 13, k h . 3, 1979, CTp. 19-21; M o p p a -
h o b , M b. B b n ra p u a v\ Bn3aHTMH (864-971). n p u H o cn Ha c<£paracTM-
KaTa. - B: nvryBaHMflTa b cpeAHOBeKOBHa B t n r a p w r C., 2009, CTp.
54-58; T o f lo p o B , T. BnapeTencKMHT CTaTyT n TMTJia Ha pap neTb p I
cneA OKTOMBpn 927 roAUHa: nucMeHU CBepeHMB m ccjDparncTWHHH paH-
h m . - B: fOõnneeH cõopHMK. C to ropMHM o t po>KpeHneTO Ha A-p Bacwn
XpanaH O B (1907-2007). C., 2008, CTp. 99-103; M o p p a H O B , M b. Kop-
nyc Ha nenaTMTe Ha cpeAHOBeKOBHa Bb n rap n «. C., 2001, CTp. 58-66.

15
 He 6nBa fla cbiflecTByBa. ToecT, aKO npweMeM, ne e
flafleHO flapcKO aoctohhctbo Ha rierbp, Tpn6Ba fla
npweMeM, ne h õtnrapcKi/inT ntpBOCBeifleHMK e 6nn
oÕHBeH 3a naTpwapx. UMa h KOHKpeTHO CBefleHne.
B flKDKaHWOBMfi cnnctK Ha GtnrapcKme apxnennc-
Konn ce nocoHBa flaMPH, MHTpononnT Ha flptcrbp,
KaTO nptB õtnrapcKH naipwapx, npn3HaT ot Bn3aH-
THH no BpeMeio Ha HMnepaiop PoMaH JIaKanHH,
KOÍÍTO 6nn CBaneH ot tosh nocT eflBa npe3 976 ro-
flHHa ot MMnepaTop 1/loaH LIhmucxmh 24. fl-bnroTO yn-
paBneHHe Ha T03H õtnrapcKM naTpnapx (noBene ot
40 rOflMHM) Kapa HflKOH HCTOpHflH fla Ce CfcMHPBaT,
Me flaMHH e 6nn oõPBeH 3a naTpnapx npn noflnnc-
BaHeTO Ha floroBopa ot 927 roflHHa. Te nocTaBPT
HHKOM ot no-paHHHTe õtnrapcKM apxnenncKonn,
cnoMeHaTM b EopnnoBnp chhoamk 25. BtnpoctT
CTOM Bee oifle otkpht, Maxap caMOTO npM3HaBaHe
Ha naTpnapiuecKOTO aoctoííhctbo fla ce npneMa ot
noBeneTO yneHn26.
24 G e lz e r , H. D e r Patriarchat von Achrida. Leipzig, 1902, pp.
6 -7 ; IriBaH O B, M. B tnrap cK H CTapi/iHH H3 MaKeAOHna. C., 1970, CTp.
566.
25 3 n a T a p c K n , B. H c T o p n a H a 6 b n r a p c K a T a A ^ p w a B a n p e 3 Cpefl-
HMTe B e K O B e , t. 1, h . 2.C., 2002, C Tp. 529.
26 3 n a T a p c K M , B. HcTopna Ha 6tnrap cKaT a A tp w a B a npe3 Cpefl-
HMTe BeKOBe, t. 1, h. 2. C., 2002, CTp. 5 2 9 -5 3 1 ; 3 n a T a p c K n , B. B t n -
rapcKM apxnenncKonn-naTpnapcn npe3 ritpBOTO uapcTBO. - B: H3Bec-
THa Ha l4cTopnnecKOTO flpy>KecTBO B Cocj3na, t. 6, 1924, CTp. 6 2 -6 5 ;
C H e r a p o B , 14b . ribpBaTa õ tn ra p c K a naTpnapuina. - B: roflmxiHUK Ha
CocjDniicKna yHHBepcmeT. BorocnoBCKH $aKynTeT, t. 26, 1 9 4 8 -1 9 4 9 ,
CTp. 2 3 -3 1 , OT6ena3Ba, He B t n p o c v r 3a npn3HaBaHeio Ha n a ip n a p -
LuecTBOTO Ha 6bnrapcKna ntpBOCBemeHHK e Bee oiue cnopeH, Kara
HMTO ro OTpnna, HMTO To npneM a 3a HanwiHO AOKa33Ho; n o 3 e n e B ,
B. Bene>KKH B t p x y nepapxnnecKna cia T yc Ha õtnrap cK aT a p tp K Ba n
HeííHna BtpxoBeH npeACToaTen npea n tp B n a Bex o t rioKpbCTBaHeTO
8 6 5 -9 7 1 . - B: P e n n rn a n p tp K B a b Bb n rap n a. CoMiianHM n Kym ypHn
n3MepeHna b flpaBocnaBneTO n HeroBata cneAnc(3HKa b õbnrapcKnTe

16
 6) Ha LiiecTo mhcto 6mjio nocTnmaio cnopa3yMeHne m
3a CBai6a Mex<fly õtnrapcKna pap rierbp m BHyHKa-
Ta Ha MMnepaTop PoMaH I JlaKanMH mfltmepn Ha ct>-
MMnepaTopa XpMCToclDop, Mapnn, kohto b necT Ha
MMpa 6Mna npeKptdeHa Ha 1/lpMHa27. B M3BopMTe
ce cnoMeHaBa, He m 6Miia eflHOBpeMeHHo mcKptõ-
Ha, m paflocTHa. CKptÕHa, 3aiflOTO ce pa3flennna c
pOflHMHMTe M CpOflHMflMTe CM. H paflOCTHa, 3aLflOTO
LMfljia fla ciaHe ctnpyra Ha pap m rocnoflapKa Ha
õtnrapMTe. 3HaHMTexiHO no-KtcHO ot 9 2 7 roflMHa,
KoHCTaHTMH BarpeHopoflHM nocoHBa hhkojiko npM-
hmhm cpeifly CKnKDHBaHeTo Ha T03M 6paK. EflHaTa e
KaHOHMHHa, flpyraTa e cBtpsaHa c HflKaKBa 3anoBefl
Ha KoHCTaHTMH BeiiMKM28. Ho cnopefl hhkom yneHM
HHMa peanHa npMHMHa, 3a fla He 6tfle octmecTBeH
T03M èpaneH cbK)3. B cnyHaa no-CKopo CTaBa B t -
npoc 3a J1MHHOTO HenpMH3HeHO OTHOLLieHMe Ha KoH­
CTaHTMH BarpeHopoflHM cpemy PoMaH JlaKanMH m
HeroBaTa nonMTMKa29. PoMaH JlaKanMH BcnnecKM ce
aeMM. C., 1999, CTp. 1 0 5 -1 0 6 ; CfeõeB, T. CaMOCTOííHa HapoflHOCTHa
LfbpKBa b cpeflHOBeKOBHa BbnrapuB. C., 1987, CTp. 2 4 5 -2 4 6 ; H m k o -
jio B a , B. HepaBHMHT n v r Ha npM3HaHMeTO. KaHOHMMHOTo nono>KeHne
Ha 6bnrapcKaTa ptpK Ba npe3 CpeflHOBeKOBMeTO. C., 2001, CTp. 7 8 -
81, ce cbMHBBa b flaBaHeTO Ha naTpnapiuecKM caH Ha 6-bnrapcKHfl ap-
xnenncKon npM cKntoHBaHeTO Ha Mwpa o t 9 2 7 roflMHa, Kaio ro nocTaBH
3HaHHTenHO no-KtcHO Mex<fly 9 3 4 - 9 4 4 r. IloflOÕHa no3MpMH 3acrbnB a
m rinpnBaTpM H, C. CaM yM noBaTa fl-bpwaBa. O õxBaT h xapaKTep. C.,
2000, CTp. 46.
27 3 a Mapkm-l4pnHa f l a x a n M H a b>k. M m a T O B , B. E-bnrapcKM-
Te papHpH. BnafleTenKHTe Ha Etn rapM H V II—X IV B e x . C., 2008, CTp.
1 3 -1 4 ; G e o rg ie v a , S . T h e Byzantine p rin c e sse s in Bulgaria. - In:
Byzantinobulgarica, 9, 1995, pp. 1 6 6 -1 7 0 .
28 THEM , t. 5, 1964, CTp. 2 0 3 -2 0 4 .
29 TOflOpOB, T. KoHCTaHTMH EarpeHOpOflHM M flMHaCTMHHMflT
6p ax Me>Kfly BnafleTencKMTe flOMOBe Ha ilp e c n a B m KoHCTaHTHHonon
o t 927 roflMHa. - B: ripecnaBcxa KHMWOBHa LUKona, t. 7. C., 2004, CTp.
3 7 7 -3 8 3 .

17
 o n u T B a n f la O TCTpaHM K o H C T a m n H E a r p e H o p o f lH M
o t B n a c u a , M a K a p m f la 6 n n 3 aK O H eH H a c n e flH M K
H a B H 3 a H T H iic K n n n p e c T o n , h TO Ba n p e flH 3 B M K B a n o
H e ro fly B a H H e T O M y 30. B t n p e K M bcmhko o õ a n e to3m
6 p a K e o t pe flK M T e c n y n a M , «oraTO c e f l a B a n a bm-
s a H T M Ííc K a n p H H fle c a H a ny>Kfl B n a fle T e n , M a K a p h
xpH CTM SH M H , KoeTO n o K a 3 B a KonKO e 6 n n H e o 6 x o -
flH M M M p t T 3 a BH3aHTI/1H B T03M n e p H O fl31.
K aTO c e fln c T a H L | n p a M e o t H 3 6 p o e H H T e ochobhm K n a -
y3H H a f lo r o B o p a o t 927 roflM H a, c n o p e f l hakom a B T o p w e
HM ano h cneflnc}DMHHM Boe H H M K n ay3 H , kom to 3 a flt n > K a -
B a n H C T p a H H T e n o f lo r o B o p a 3 a B 3 a n M o n o M o if l n p n o n a c -
h o c t 32. K a r a n p H M e p w c e f la B a T npe,qynpe>KfleHi/m Ta H a
6 tn ra p c K n n f la p n e rb p K tM BH 3aH TH M flH Te 3 a n o x o flw -
Te H a pycKM H khh3 H ro p npe3 941 h 943 ro flH H a 33. l/lM a m
n o flaT K H o t a p a õ c K M T e m3tomhwl(m 3 a y q a c T M e H a 6 t n r a -

30 Runciman, St. E m p e ror R o m a n u s L a c a p e n u s and his reign.

Cam bridge, 1929, pp. 6 3 -7 9 .
31 n p oflW D K M T e rm T Ha TeocjjaH - TH5H, t. 5, 1964, CTp. 1 3 6 -
137; JI tjB TpaMaTHK - THEH, t. 5, 1964, CTp. 1 6 7 -1 6 8 ; ric e B flo -C ii-
M eoH - TUB 14, T. 5, 1964, CTp. 182; C K n n n u a -K e flp n H - TMBI/I, t. 6,
1965, CTp. 256; npo^tJDKMTenHT Ha T e o p rii M o H a x - THBH, t. 6,
1965, d p . 1 5 0 -1 5 2 ; íío a H 3 o H a p a - TUBli, t. 7, 1968, CTp. 178; J1m -
y m p a H f l - J1MBM, t. 2 ,1 9 6 0 , CTp. 3 2 3 -3 2 4 ; n o 3 e jie B , B. 3HaMeHneTO
Ha 6paKa Ha Map lie r b p (9 2 7 -9 6 9 ) c poM eiw aTa M ap n a-H p n H a JlaKa-
nMHa (9 11-96 2). - B: KyirrypHMTe TeKCTOBe Ha MMHanoTo: HOCHTenw,
CMMBonM h Mflew. MaTepnanH ot KD5nneiiHaTa MexyiyHapoAHa HayHHa
KOHcfiepeHUHn b necT Ha 60-roflHLUHHHaTa Ha npocfc). Ka3HMMp rionKOH-
CTaHTMHOB, T. 1. C., 2005, CTp. 2 7 -3 3 ; U ie n a p A , flw. HecnoKoiiHM Cb-
ceflH. Btnrapo-BMsaHTMíícKa KOHCfipoHTaMMH: oõMeH m cb>KHTenctbo
npe3 CpeflHMTe BeKOBe. C., 2007, CTp. 1 4 0 -1 6 2 .
32 CTOMMeHOB, fl. KbM AoroBopa Me)Kfly BbnrapMH m Bn3aH-
TMH o t 9 2 7 roflHHa. - B: BeKOBe, 6, 1988, CTp. 1 9 -2 1 ; n o 3 e n e B , B.
flo6pyfl>KaHCKHHT HaflnMC m cbÕMTMHTa b B b n ra p n a npea 9 43 r. - B:
HcTopMHecKM npem efl, 6, 1968, CTp. 4 0 -4 8 .
33 rioBecTb BpeMeHHbix neT, nepeBOA fl. C. JlHxaneBa m B. A.
PoMaHOBa, t. 1. M.-fl.,, 1950, C Tp. 3 3 -3 4 ; 2 2 9 -2 3 1 .

18
p n bt>b B M 3 a H T n ííc K O - a p a 6 c K m e bomhm b M a n a A s n n n o
BpeM eTO Ha H M n e p a T o p HmkmcJdop II O o K a 34. O c B e H M3-
6 p o e H m e o 6 c T o n ie n c T B a MO>Ke f la c e f la f le 3 a n p M M e p h
noM O LflTa, k o h to HCKa p a p r i e r b p o t B M 3 a H T M M flm e n p n
p a H H H T e y H ra p c K H H a w e c T B n n , KaKTO n o n n a K B a H M ir r a H a
B M 3 a H T M M flm e , KoraTO õ t n r a p m e 3 a n o H H a n n f la n p o n y c -
KaT y H r a p f lm e n p e 3 cb o b T e p n T o p n n , s a f la o n y c T o w a B a T
p o M e ííc K M T e B n a fle H M n . f l a n u e m v ia n o j a m B a flo r o B o p H M
K nay3M o 6 a n e e HSKniO HHTenHO c n o p e H B t n p o c . B cnynan
c p y c m e , Mo>Ke 6 h O T H om e H H e T O e 6 n n o M 3 p a s H a f lo õ p a
B o n n o t C T p a H a H a r ie r b p , kom to H a BCH K a p e H a f lb p w a n
f la c e 3 a n a 3 M M n p v r c BM 3aHTM H. B t B B T o p n n c n y n a M , c n o -
M eH aT M T e õ t n r a p n b b b BM 3aHTM M CKaTa B o n c K a MO>Ke f la c a
nonM TM HecKM n n n flp y rM e M M rp aH T M , n o c r b n n n n H a B H 3 aH -
TMMCKa cny>K6a, a He c n e fln a n H M KOHTMHreHTM, n s n p a if la H H
o t 6 t n r a p c K M n B n a fle T e n . C n o p e f l K a T e p M H a B e H e flM K O B a
Te3M M 3BecTMH c e O T H acn T 3 a n o c T o n H H o 6 -b n ra p c K O H a c e -
n e H M e , KoeTO >KM Beeno b M a n a A3mh m 6 n n o M 3 n o n 3 B a H o
o t BM 3aH TM íícKM Te B n a c T M c p e L fly a p a 6 n T e 35. L4BeTenMH
C T e n a H O B c b if lo n p n e M a T33M Te3a, M a K a p m f la flM TM pa
M H e H n e T O H a C n n p o c B p n o H n c , kom to C M flT a t o h h o o 6 p a -
t h o t o - n e Te3M õ t n r a p n B C b iflH o c T 6 n n m M 3 n p a ifla H M o t
õ t n r a p c K a T a f l t p w a B a 36. 0 6 l a o B3eT0 c n e f l M M p a o t 9 2 7
ro flM H a m CKntoneH M n 6 p a K Me>Kfly M a p n n - M p M H a J la K a n n -
H a m p a p r i e r b p c e C b 3 f la n n H3KnlOHMTenHO n p n n T e n c K M
O TH O ineH M n Me>Kfly B n a fle T e n c K M T e f lB o p o B e H a B t n r a p M n
m B n 3 a H T n n . T a 3 M B 3 a M M o n o M o ifl MO>Ke f la c e f l t n w n Ha
TO Ba, a H e H a HHKaKBM c n e u n a n H M K nay3M b f lo r o B o p a . H o
6 e 3 n o B e n e KOHKpeTHH flaH H M B t n p o c b T o c T a B a c n o p e H .

34 Rambaud, Alfred. L’em pire grec au X -m e siècle. Paris, 1870,

p. 390.
35 BeHeflMKOBa, K. B t n r a p m e b M a n a A3mb. O t flpeBHoerra flo
HaniM flHM. Cocjjua - C Tapa 3aropa, 1988, CTp. 90.
36 McTopnn Ha õ t n r a p m e , t. 1. C., 2003 (l/l3flaiencTBO „Tpyfl"),
CTp. 76.

19
 Kaicro Bw>Kflai\/ie o t n p u B e fle H m e CBefleHun, floroBO -
p t T o t 9 2 7 roflMHa 3 a e M a M3K.nHDHMTe.nHO Ba>KHa p o n n b
ctfl6M H M T e Ha B t n r a p M A n pe3 flnnaTa m cpeflHOBeKOBHa
MCTopMH. OfleHKMTe Ha pa3JiMMHMTe M3cneflBaHM 3a 3H ane-
HMeTO Ha T03M flo ro B o p o 6 a n e c a T B tp fle pasH onocoH H M .
KaTo tm CMCTeMaTM3MpaMe, M o w e M fla tm pa3flenM M Ha TpM
rpynn:
• MHeHMJl, KOMTO npMeMaT, He CKnHOHeHMflT flOrOBOp
MMa n o -C K opo OTpMflaTeneH ecjDeKT B t p x y n o -K tc -
h o t o pa3BMTMe Ha 6 t n r a p c K a T a fltp w a B a .
• MHeHMB, k o m t o np M eM aT nono>KMTenHO CKJifOHeHM-
Te cnorofl6M .
• MHeHMB, KOMTO CMHT3T, He flOTOBOptT OT 9 2 7 TOflM-
Ha MMa m nonoKM TenH M , m OTpMflaTenHM CTpaHM.
K tM rrbpBOTO MHeHMe ce npMfltpwaT flocTa mctopmlim.
Oifle rMnc(DepflMHr TBtpflM, ne MflBaHeTo Ha MapMH-l/lpMHa
b BtnrapMH 6M.no „3ajior 3a rocnoflCTBOTO Ha Bm am w n b
flBopa Ha flap rie rb p ”37. MapMH flpMHOB ctiflo noflnepTaBa
HHKOM OTpMflaTenHM CTpaHM OT nOflnMCaHMfl MMp, KaTO MMa
npeflBMfl HaPi-Bene Hecna3BaHeTO Ha floroBopa o t CTpaHa
Ha BM3aHTMMflMTe, KOMTO OTKpMTO noflKpenMiiM OTflenBaHe-
To Ha C tp õ M íi Haneno c khh3 MecnaB o t TepMTopMPTa Ha
BtnrapMH, KaKTO m BtTpeniHaTa HenpMH3HeHa peaKflMH Ha
hhkom KptroBe b BtnrapM H KtM noflriMcaHMn floroBop38.
C tiflo OTpMflaTenHa no3MflMn 3aeMa m KoHCTaHTMH Mpe-
neK, kom to CMHTa, ne BM3aHTMH BCHHecKM cnoM arana 3a
pasnaraHeTO Ha õtnrapcKaTa Moifl39. B acnn 3naTapcKM
npneMa, ne c >KeHMT6aTa Ha Mapna-MpMHa c flap rierb p b
6t.nrapcKMfl flapcKM flBop HaBnn3no 3noBpeflHO bm33htmm-
CKO BTIMHHMe, KOeTO MManO fleCTpyKTMBHO 3HaneHMe Btp -
37 rmib<fcepflMHr, A. C o 6 p a H n e coiMHeHMH, t. 1. CaHKT rie ie p -
6ypr, 1868, CTp. 114.
30 flp M H O B , M. K)>KHMTe CJiaBBHH M BusaHTMfl npe3 X BeK. C.,
1930, CTp. 60-62.
39 MpeseK, K. McTopua Ha 6i>nrapnTe. C., 1999, CTp. 179-180.

20
xy UHJiocTHMH M CT opuH ecK M n v r H a B t n r a p M n 40. n o ,q o 6 H O
M H eH kie 3 a c r b n B a h n e r b p M yia cjD H H e B , komto n p e 3 H flB a -
HeTO b E -b n rap M f) H a B H 3 aH T H H C K aT a n p w H u e c a h H e íiH a ia
c B m a , ro B o p w 3 a .. p a s B p a m a B a m o T O B n n n H H e H a B n 3 a H -
THfl n H a H e w H a ia K y m y p a " n c M A T a , H e Te c e n p e B t p H a -
nn b n p o B O flH M p M H a BM 3aH TH iícK M Te H H T e p e c n 41. r e o p r n n
O c T p o r o p c K M n p n e M a , n e BH 3 aH T H íícK H T e n M n e p a i o p n P o -
M a H I J la K a n n H n X p n cT o cjD o p H a n p a B n n n r i e r b p „c b o m n o -
c jiy m e H 3 e i “, io t o n o fln e p T a B a n H e H n K o ra B iin n H n e T o H a
B n 3 a H T n n H e e 6 n n o T o n K O B a o rp o M H O , KaKTO c n e f l n o fl-
n n c B a H e T O H a f lo r o B o p a ot 9 2 7 r o fln H a 42. L U a p n f l n n o n p e -
f le n n K a r a n e p n o fl H a y n a f l t K p a p y B a H e T O H a n e r b p , K a r a
n o fln e p T a B a n „B ce n o - r o n n M a n n o - r o n n M a 3 a B n c n M O C T ot
M M n e p n n T a ”43.M B a H f ly n n e B c t m o C M H T a lle T p o B O T o p a -
p y B a H e 3 a n e p n o fl H a y n a f lt K , ho n o n c H S B a , He T O B a e C T a-
H a n o He e c a M o n o bmhb H a p a p n e r b p , a e n p o p e c OLfle
n o B p e M e T O H a C n M e o H . T o e c T c n o p e f l H e ro BH3aHTHHCKO -
TO B n n n H n e , 3 a KoeTO c e o Õ B H H H B a o õ n K H O B e H O f la p n e ­
r b p , B C b iflH O C T 3 a n o H B a f la c e n p o n B H B a o ifle ot BpeM eTO
H a C n M e o H 44. P o õ t p T B p a y H n H r n 3 K a 3 B a M H eH neT O , He
„ M a p n a n H eíÍH H flT B H 3 a H T n iic K n aHTypa>K, n 3 m e>K fla, c a
f lO M n H n p a n n b f lB o p a , KoeTO ro n m u n n o ot flO B e p n e T O Ha
H a p o flH M T e M a c n n H a T e p n T o p n a n H n T e M a m a T H ”45. f ln M n -
T p n 0 6 o n e H C K n c t i f l o c M n T a , H e BH 3 aH T nn cK O T O B n n n H n e
C T a H a n o 3 H an n T e n H O n o -r o n n M O , KaTO C T n ra f lo p n n o - f la -

40 3/iaTapcKM, B. McTopua Ha õ t n ra p c K a ia fltp w aB a npea

C p e flH m e BeKOBe, t. 1, m . 2. C., 2002, CTp. 5 3 5 -5 3 6 .
41 MyTatjDHiieB, n. Mctopmh Ha õtnrapcKMfl Hapofl 6 8 1 -1 3 2 3 .
C „ 1986, CTp. 201.
42 O c T p o r o p c K M , r. HcTopna Ha Bn3aHTHÍicKaTa fltpw aBa. C.,
Be3 ro flM H a , CTp. 356.
43 fln n , lil. HcTopMfl BM3aHTMíícKOM MMnepMM. 1948, CTp. 78.
44 flyftneB, H. Pmjickmbt CBeTefl (c|30T0TMnH0 M3flaHMe). C.,
1990, CTp. 34.
45 B ro w n in g , R. Byzantium and Bulgaria. A comparative study
across the early medieval frontier. London, 1975, p. 69.

21
nen, Kara Ka3Ba, Me Btrirapun 6nna npeBtpHaia b „nocny-
iueH caTe/im”46. A> k o h OaiiH cbiflo M3TbKBa, Me e MMano
orpoMHO BM3aHTMMCKO BJiMflHne B Btnrapim cnefl floroBo-
pa o t 9 2 7 roflMHa, Kaio flonycKa flopn, Me TOBa BnnnHne e
npuHyflnno 6tnrapcKme noflaHMflki Ha cbnpoTMBa cpeifly
oc}DML|ManHaTa BnacT b nmjeTo Ha flap nerbp, Kaio Maco-
Bo noflKpennnn epeTHMecKOTO yneHMe Ha 6oroMnnme47.
1/lBaH Bo>KMnoB cMma, Me pap nerbp „norbni<an Hfleme
Ha CBon BenwK 6aLfla“, npnBe>KflatíKM «aio flOKaaaiencTBa
OTKa3BaHeTO o t npeTeHflMMTe Ha CMMeoH 3a „BacnneBC Ha
6i>nrapn h poMen“, io k t o h necHOTo cpoflnBaHe c BM33H-
THiicKHn HMnepaTopcKH flBop, KoeTO He Bnn3ano b nna-
HOBeTe Ha CnMeoH, flennifl Mpe3 6paK Ha CBon flbiflepn c
MMnepaTop KoHCTaHTHH VII BarpeHopoflHM fla CTaHe Ba-
cnneonaTop48. PycKaTa MefliieBMCTKa 1/lBaHOBa cMflTa, Me
npoMHHaTa Ha Kypca Ha OtnrapcKaTa BbHWHa nonMTMKa h
MHptT c Bn3aHTMfl npMHyflwnM H3BecTHa MacT o t 6tnrap-
c k o t o o6iflecTBO Ha ctnpoTHBa, nponBneHMeTO Ha k o h t o
e h BtcTaHMeTO Ha no-roneMnn 6paT Ha flap nerbp, Mm-
xawn npe3 9 3 0 roflMHa49. HanocnefltK OTpMflaTenHa no3H-
flMH M3Ka3a h reopm HHKonoB, k o íít o flonycKa, Me „MMpvr
Mex<fly BtnrapcKOTO flapcTBO m Bn3aHTHMCKaTa MMnepHn
Mowe fla ce CMHTa KaTO maBHa npMMMHa 3a HacTtnHna-
Ta KpaTKa Kpn3a b 6t.nrapcKnn flapcKH flBop ( 9 2 8 - 9 3 0 ) “.
Cnopefl Hero „cpemy nonMTHMecKaTa nwHMn Ha flap nerbp
ce HaflHmanM cnoflBMWHMflMTe Ha flap CHMeoH BenMKM b

46 O õojieH CKii, fl. BkiaaHTniicKaTa oõlm hoct . HaTOHHa EB p on a

500-1453. C„ 2001, CTp. 158-159.
47 Fine, John V.A. The Early Medieval Balkans. Ann Arbor,
1983, pp. 161-162.
4a Eo>KMnoB, M. flap C uM eoH BenMKM (893-927). 3naTHMBT BeK
Ha cpeflHOBeKOBHa BtnrapM H. C., 1983, CTp. 147-148.
49 MBaHOBa, O. B. Boccia H M e 930 r. b B on ra pn n m 6onrapo-BM-
3aHTMMCKne OTHOLueHMB. - B: C n aBBH e h MX coceflM. Me>KflyHapoflHbie
OTHOLueHMB B sn o x y c|3eoflanM3Ma. M., 1989, CTp. 13-14.

22
MHoroneTHme My bomhm c Bn3aHTnn’,5Cl.
K i >m BTopoTO MHeHne cnaflaT TBbpfleHMHTa Ha hhkom
CTapn, ho b no-rojiflMaTa cm nacT cbBpeMeHHM mctopmlim,
komto ce onMTBaT fla npepa3meflaT lleTpoBOTO qapyBaHe
KaTo unno. Oifle Oboflop YcneHCKM oueHHBa bmcoko 3Ha-
neHMeTO Ha MMpa ot 927 roflMHa B tp xy no-HaTarbWHOTO
pa3BMTMe Ha õtnrapcKaTa fltpwaBa. Cnopefl Hero M n p vr
ot 927 roflMHa flan bI)3mo>khoct fla ce o6pa3yBa TaKa He-
o6xoflMMaTa cnoííKa Me>Kfly pa3HopoflHOTO eTHMHecKM Ha-
ceneHMe Ha orpoMHaTa õtnrapcKa fltp w aBa51. A hko C a K t-
30B obiflo OLieHflBa MMpa ot 927 roflMHa Kara 6naronpnn-
TeH sa B tn ra p n n 52. CtmbtsH PtHCMMaH npneMa, ne 6paKbT
Me>Kfly M apnn-MpnHa JlaKanMHa m flap rierbp 6nn „ronaMa
noõefla 3a aBTopMTeTa Ha BbnrapMn", KaKTO m mmphmht
floroBop KaTo flnno53. 1/lBaH BorflaHOB oqeHHBa orpoMHaTa
ponn Ha floroBopa ot 927 roflMHa54. B a c n m a TbnKOBa-3a-
MMOBa OblflO OfleHHBa BMCOKO CbÕMTMflTa OT 927 roflMHa,
Kara npneMa, ne M n p vr no3BonMn Ha B bnrapnn fla ce 3aK-
penM cnefl npofltnwMTenHMTe bomhm npM CnM eoH55. I"le-
rb p KoneflapoB e Ha MHeHMe, ne floroBopvr e ocMrypMn
..peflMfla b3>khm npMflo6MBKM 3a B v n ra p n n “, KaTo M3pe>Kfla
cnoMeHaTMTe Bene Knay3M56. Teoprn BaKanoB npneMa, ne
floroBoptT o t 927 roflMHa MMa „Ba>KHM ceTHMHM 3a 6 tn -
rapcKaTa flbp>KaBa“, Kara npnBe>Kfla ocHOBaHMBTa, ne b
50 H m k o j io b , T e o p m H. L4eHTpann3BM n perMOHann3"bM b paH-
HocpeAHOBeKOBHa Bbnrapna. C., 2005, CTp. 117.
51 YcneHCKMM, O. M. McTopua Bn3aHTMficKOM MMnepnn. riepnoA
MaKeAOHCKoii AHHacTnn (8 6 7 -1 0 5 7 ), 1997, CTp. 311.
52 C a ifb 30B , R B tn ra p n T e b CBOBTa MCTopun. C., 1993, d p . 66.
53 P tH C M M a H , C t . McTopna Ha ritpBOTO 6bnrapcKO papcTBO.
C., 1993, CTp. 140-142.
54 B orA aH O B , M. CmvieoH BenMKM. C., 1974, d p . 1 6 2 -1 6 5 .
55 HcTopnH H a BtnrapHH, t. 2. C., 1981 (H3AaTencTBO H a BAH),
CTp. 3 7 0 -3 7 1 .
56 K o n e A a p o B , n. L(ap rierbp I. - B: BoeHHO-HCTopwHecKH
c6opHMK, 4, 1982, CTp. 1 9 2 -2 0 7 .

23
Me>KflyHapofleH rmaH cnefl npn3H aBaH eio Ha p a p cK a ia
TMTna Ha n e r b p B b n ra p n a ce Hape>Kflana HenocpeflCTBe-
Ho cnefl Bn3aHTnn no npecTH>K. O t flpyra rneflHa tom «a ce
npaBH h M HTepecHaia 6 ene>KKa, ne K oraio hbkoh o t hc-
TopHflMTe roBopnT 3a „3noBpeflHO BH3aHTHHCKO BnnnH ne“,
TpnÕBa fla ce HMa npeflBHfl, Me flennnT „3naTeH BeK“ npn
CnMeoHOBOTO papyBaH e flo nsBecTHa CTeneH ce flbnw n
Ha 6naroTBopHOTO KynTypHo BnnnH ne Ha Bn3aHTnn, 3aTO-
Ba He 6 nBa t o HenpeMeHHO fla ce nocTaBn nofl OTpnfla-
TeneH 3H3K. C t if lo TaKa ce npaBH n b3>khoto yTOMHeHHe,
Me M n p v r e 6 nn Heo 6xoflHM cbiflo TonKOBa 3a B tn ra p n n ,
KonKOTO n 3a BnaaHTnn, n flBeTe eflHaKBo n3ToifleHn o t
nepMaHeHTHaTa BoííHa57. E M n n AneKcaH flpoB noflnepTa-
Ba orpoMHOTO Me>KflyHapoflHO 3HaMeHne, KoeTO HMa flo-
ro B o p tT o t 9 2 7 roflHHa, Hape>KflaHKH B t n r a p n n BeflHara
cnefl BH3aHTHn no npecTHW58. O paH fl TnHecjDenfl c tiflo H3-
6 ponBa Han-3HaMHMHTe ycn e xn 3a rie rb p o t floroBopa o t
9 2 7 roflHHa, KaTO npH3HaBaHeTO Ha THTnaTa „BacHneBc“,
h >KeHHT6aTa Ha õtnrapcKH H BnafleTen c BH3aHTHHCK3Ta
npHHfleca59. rinaM eH lla B n o B H3TbKBa orpoM H nn npoÕHB b
„fleHHOCTHaTa CHCTeMa Ha pHMO-BH3aHTHHCKHfl yHHBepca-
nH 3bM “ h „b TeopnnTa 3a cb o to b h o rocnoflCTBO Ha H ob ha
Phm “, cnefl npH3H3BaHeTO Ha papcKOTO a o c t o h h c tb o Ha
p a p n e r b p 60. B a c n n R o 3 eneB npneM a, Me M n p v r h ôpaicvr
Me>Kfly M ap n n -M p H H a h n e r b p o t 9 2 7 roflHHa, „y3aKOHfl-
Bann b3>khoto h 3HaMHTenHO m acto Ha MorbiflOTO h 06 -

57 B aK an oB, f. flap nerbp (927-970). - B: McTopua, 2, 1992,

CTp. 11-15.
58 A lexan d rov, E. The Bulgarian-Byzantine Treaty of 927
(International Law Analysis). - In: Bulgarian Historical Review, 1,
1993, pp. 34-53.
50 Tinnefeld, F. Byzantinische auswartige Heiratspolitik vom 9.
Zum 12. Jahrhundert. - In: Byzantinoslavica, LIV, 1, 1993, p. 23.
60 McTopua Ha õbnrapme, t. 1. C., 2003 (M3flaienc tb o „TpyA“),
CTp. 271-272.

24
w n p H O B t n r a p c K O fla p c T B O b n o n n T n n e c K a T a n c T o p n n H a
E B p o n e n c K H fl KDron3TOK, HenHO TO n pe B-b3xoflC T BO c n p a M o
B M 3 a H T M ííc K a T a n M n e p n n " 61. O rp o M H O T O 3 H a n e H n e H a f lo -
r o B o p a o t 9 2 7 ro flH H a c e n p n e M a n o t A H r e n H h k o j io b ,
k o h t o c n o M e H a B a , n e c n e f l f lo r o B o p a « B t n r a p n n H a n - n o -
c n e n o n y n a B a n p n 3 H a H n e KaTO p a B H O C T O ííH a H a B n 3 a H T n n
c y B e p e H H a f l t p w a B a ”62.
TpeTO TO M H e H n e c e 3 a c r b n B a e fln H C T B e H O o t pycKi/m
n c T o p n K H n K o n a e B . T o n H 3 p a 3 flB a M H e H ne T O , H e flo r o B O -
p v r o t 9 2 7 r o fln H a He T p n 6 B a f la c e o f le H n B a e flH 0 3 H aH H 0 .
3a B t n r a p n n f lo r o B o p v r n M a CBon Te nono>KnTenHn n o t -
p n u a T e iiH n C T p a H n . l~lono>KHTejiHHTe C T p a H n c a f la B a H e r a
H a p a p c K O flO CTonH CTB O H a r ie r b p , i o k t o n n p n 3 H a B a H e T O
H a a B T O K e cjD a n H o crra H a 6 -b Jirap cK a T a f lt p K B a , KoeTO H3-
f l n m a n o 3 H aH n T e n H O n pe cT n> K a H a B t n r a p n f l b M e>KflyH a-
p o fle H nriaH . H o o t f lp y r a r n e flH a TOMKa, t o h n o c o H B a , He
O T C T tn B a H e T O o t n o n n T H K a T a H a C n M e o H , i o k t o n o t k 3 3 -
B a H e T o o t 3aBO HDBaHnTe T e p n T o p n n n p n H ero, n p a B n E t> n -
r a p n n n o -M a n K O n e n e n n B L u a o t f lo r o B o p a , o t k o t ik o t o B n -
3 aH T n n . O Lfle n o B e n e , n e M n p v r c E b J ir a p n n , p a 3 B b p 3 a n
p tp e T e Ha Bn3aH Tnn 3a c 6 n t c b K a n c a p a õ n T e b M a n a
A 3 H fl63.
f lo r o B o p t T o t 9 2 7 roflnHa n p e flo n p e fle n n eflnH floc-
Ta flt/Tbr M npeH n e p n o fl Ha cb 3nflaT enH O H anano, KoeTO

61 r>o3e/ieB, B. 3HaHeHneTO Ha 6paKa Ha pap nerbp (927-969)

M poMeiíKaTa Mapnfl-HpnHa JlaKanMHa (911-962). - B: KymypHMTe
TeKCTOBe Ha MMHanoTo: HocmeriM, chmbotim h n,qeM. Maiepnann o t
KDBrniekiHaTa Me>KAyHapoflHa HaywHa KOHcfcepeHpkm b necT Ha 60-ro-
flnujHMHaTa Ha npocj). Ka3wvmp rioriKOHCTaHTMHOB, t. 1. C., 2005, CTp.
31.
62 H h k o j io b , A. r io r iH T M H e c K a M H C t n b p a H H O c p e f lH O B e K O B H a
B-bJirapMH (cpeflaia H a IX - H a n a o o T O H a X B e K ). C., 2006, CTp. 2 3 3 -
237.
63 HiiKOJiaeB, B. fl. 3HaHeHne floroBopa 927 r. b hctopmm 5on-
rapO-BM3aHTHÍÍCKMX OTHOlUeHMM. - B: ripo6neMbl MCTOpMM aHTMHHOCTM
v\ cpeflHMX BexoB, 1982, d p . 89-105.

25
T B tp fle necTO c e noflfleH ABa 3apaflM pa3npocTpaHeHi/ie-
TO Ha ÕOrOMkinCTBOTO, KaKTO M HHKOM flp y m OTpHUaTenHH
TeHfleHL|HM B t B BTaTpeiiiHOTO pa3BH Tne Ha 6-bnrapcKaTa
fltp w a B a . T o 3 m m m p fla n B"b3MO>KHOCT Ha õ t n r a p c K a ia
fl-bp>KaBa fla O TfltxH e h fla c e Bb3CTaHOBM c n e fl n p o f lt n -
>Km enHHTe m M 3T 0iflm en H n CM M eoHOBM b o m h m . C t if lo -
To ce OTHacn h 3a Bn3aH T n n . M M p v r 6 n n M3rofleH m 3a
flB e ie CTpaHH. 3 aT O B a h B e c rra , ne ifle ce CKnioHM m h p
6 n n a n o c p e iflH a ia TonKOBa BbO flyw eB eH O m paflocTHO o t
BMsam riM flM Te, KaKTO CTaBa ncHO o t noeTMHHaTa T B o p õ a
Ha BM3aHTMMCKMH KHMWOBHMK TeOflOp flaC^HOnaT, „CnOBO
3a M H pa c E t n r a p M f l”64. C n e fl BsaMMHM OTCTbnKM 6 t n -
rapcKaTa flM nnoM aflM fl npH flap r ie r b p n o c T M m a n a eflHH
3HaHMTeneH yc n e x, KatcbBTO e npn3HaBaHeTO Ha fla p cxa -
Ta TMTna Ha 6 b n ra p c K n n BnafleTen, k b k t o m nocTwraHeTO
Ha aBTOKecjDanHOCT Ha S b n r a p c x a T a fltp K B a H a n e n o c na-
Tpwapx. C n tn H O ocHOBaHkie M ow e fla c e Ka>Ke, ne T03M
npoflbn>KMn HnxonKO fleceTM neTM n m m p npeflonpefleni/m
6bfleifleTO Ha 6 t n r a p c K a T a flb p w a B a . Ho T03M flM n n o M a -
THHecKH y c n e x b H ananoTO Ha ynpaBneH M eTO Ha rie rb p ,
He 6 m 6 n n Bb3MO>KeH 6 e 3 orpoM H M H h b t m c k , k o m t o O Ka3an
CM M eO H B t p x y BM3aHTMMflMTe. CM M eOH MCKan HeBb3MO>K-
h o t o (TMTnaTa „BacM neBC Ha 6 b n ra p M m p oM e M ”), h o 6 n a -
roflapeH M e Ha Te3M c m m c k b h m h H an p aB M n Bb3MO>KHO Hero-
b m h t HacneflHM K f le r b p fla nonyHM MaKCMManHOTo, M a K a p
m fla O T C T tnB a n o t flOKTpMHaTa Ha c b o h 6 a ifla 65.

64 rUBM, t. 5, 1964, C Tp. 82-101; Jenkins, Romilly J.H. The

Peace with Bulgaria (927) Celebrated by Theodore Daphnopates. - In:
Jenkins, Romilly J. H. - Studies on Byzantine History of the 9thand 10lh
centuries, 1970, pp. 287-303; Dujcev, I. On the Treaty of 927 with the
Bulgarians. - In: Dumbarton Oaks Papers, 32. Dumbarton Oaks, 1978,
pp. 219.
65 3a noBene noflpoÕHOCTM b >k . 3 B e 3 flO B , C t . floroBoptT o t 927
roflMHa Me>Kfly BbJirapMfl m BMaaHTMfl. - B: H ctopm b, 3, 2015, CTp.
264-277.

26
 r/lABA BTOPA

M H P H H B T n E P H O / t B E 'b . / i r A P O -

B H 3 A H T H H C K H T E O T H O llIE H H B

___________ n P H U A P I I E T T j P I ___________

KaKTO C T a H a a c h o o t n p e flx o flH a T a r n a B a , y c T a H O B n -

B a H e io H a M w p a o t 9 2 7 ro flH H a H M a b3>kho 3 H a n e H H e 3a
õ tfle iflO T O pa3BHTHe Ha B tn ra p c x a T a fltp w a B a b eflHH
f lo c T a n p o fltn > K H T e n e H n e p n o fl o t B p e M e . B to 3 h npo-
fltJDKHTI HBKOTIKO fleCHTHJieTHfl M H p e H n e p H O fl C e CJiyHBaT
HflKOnKO CfcÕHTHfl, KOHTO H 3 M H p a T CBO eTO MflCTO B Õ t n r a -
pO -BH 3aH TH H CKH Te OTHOLiieHHB, a HM eH H O ! B t C T a H H B T a Ha
6 p a T flT a H a f la p n e r b p - 1/loaH h M n x a n n , o T fle n B a H e T O
H a c p t õ c K H H KHA3 H e c n a B o t B n a c T T a H a B t n r a p H B h M a -
fl>xapcK H Te H a n a fle H H fl. B flo r rb n H e H H e c a M H T e õ t n r a p o -
BH3aHTHHCKH O THOW eHH fl H a BHCOKO f lt p w a B H O HHBO H M 3T
CBO HTe CneflHCjDHKH n p n pa3TIHHHHTe BH3aHTHHCKH H M n e -
p a T o p n , k o h t o c e H3peflHJiH, f lo x a T o p a p y B a n f la p n e r b p .
M o r a T f la c e o m H H a T h f lB a o c h o b h h B p e M e o T p fl3 t> K a b ro-
flH H H T e H a M H pH H OTHOLueHHB. n t p B H s r r o 6 x B a if la B p e M e -
TO o t n o fln n c B a H e T O H a f lo r o B o p a o t 9 2 7 ro flH H a f lo c M b p -
TTa H a c t n p y r a T a H a f la p n e r b p , p o M e n c x a T a n p H H fle c a
M a p n n - H p H H a J la x a n H H a , k o b t o c e n B n a a n a , x a T o r a p a H T
H a M H p a . B t o p h a t n e p n o fl o õ x B a if la B p e M e T O o t C M t p r r a
H a M a p H B -l/ Ip H H a J la x a riH H a f lo o x o H H a T e n H O T o B n o w a B a -
H e H a 6 tn r a p o -B H 3 a H T H H C K H T e O T H o m e H H n n p n H M n e p a -
T o p H h k h < £ o p II Q o x a . T e a n cb Õ H T H B , x a x r o h f lB a T a n e -
p n o f la b õ trir a p o -B H a a H T H H C K H T e O TH O ineH H B H a b h c o k o
fltp > K a B H O HHBO ifle õ t f l a T p a 3 m e f la H H n o c n e flO B a T e riH O
b H a c T o n ifla T a r n a B a .

27
 M e c e flM cn e fl noflnwcBaHeTO Ha flo ro B o p a o t «pan Ha
9 2 7 roflMHa 6 t n r a p c K M m B n a fle ie n cK M flB o p 6 n n 6 e n n -
3aH o t Te>KKa flMHacTMHecKa KpM3a, k o h t o ce npoTOMMna b
npofltn>KeH M e Ha HHKonKO roflMHM. Oifle npe3 9 2 8 roflMHa,
KaKTO CMíiTaT noBeHeTO M3cneflOBaTenM, nojM anKM BT 6 p a T
Ha q a p n e r b p m TpeTM c m h Ha C M M eoH , 1/loaH, B flM m an
B tcT a H M e c p e ifly BnacT Ta Ha 6 p a T c m 66. KaKTo CTaBa b c h o
o t M3BopMTe, TOBa B tcT a H M e ÕM no noflKpeneH O o t 6 o n n p M
Ha C M M eoH , k o m t o MCKanM fla C Banjrr r ie r b p m fla KanaT Ha
Õ BnrapcKM B n p e c T o n 1/loaH. B tcT aH M e T O ÕMno noTyw eH O
necHO , a 1/loaH 6 n n 6 mt , 3aT BopeH b rb M H M fla m 3aMOHaujeH.
H eroBM Te cnoflBM>KHMflM ÕMnM noflno)KeHM Ha HenyBaHM
M tn e H M H m HaK33aHMfl. H e n cH O 3aiflo o õ a n e h m h h o o t flap
n e T t p 3a Te3M CbÕMTMfl 6M n M3BeCTeH M BM3aHTMMCKMflT
M M ne p aT op P o M a H I JlaKanMH. BM3aHTMMCKMBT M M nep aTop
M3npaTMn M O H axa 1/loaH, k o m t o HHKora 6 n n peKTop, fla M3-
BtpLUM pa3M H H a Ha nneHHMflM, k b k t o m cT aM H aT a Hafle>Kfla
fla y c n e e fla O TBnene nneH eH M n 6 m blu npeTeHfleHT s a 6 t n -
rapcKMn n p e c T o n 1/loaH. H H T e pe ce H e B t n p o c v r 3a k b k b m
nneHHMflM CTaBa fly M a b M 3BopM Te? fla n M He e M M a n o m
BM33HTMMCKO ynacT M e b 3 a ro B o p a c p e ifly n e r b p ? H o aKO e
M M a n o TaKOBa ynacTM e, t o no3MflMATa Ha n e r b p M3rne>Kfla
T B tp fle nacM BHa. KaKBaTO m fla e MCTMHaTa, cnoM eH aTM AT
1/loaH ycn siB a fla O TBnene 6 p a T a Ha n e r b p o t TepMTopMBTa
Ha B tn r a p M n , KaHMn ro Ha K o p a 6 o t M e c e M B p M n m ro n p e x-
B tp n M n b KoHCTaHTM Honon. B n o cn e flC T B M e 1/loaH, 6 p a r b T
Ha flap n e r b p 3 a x B t p n M n MOHainecTBOTo m c e ow eHM n 3a
BMflHa apMCTOKpaTKa o t TeM a ApMeHMaKOH, poflHOTO M n c-
To Ha P o M a H JlaKanMH. H a CBaTÒaTa KyM yBanM c t M M n e p a -
T o p tT XpMCToejDop M õ m b i íim b t peKTop 1/loaH. H a õ t n r a p -
66 3/iaTapcKM, B. McTopusi Ha õtnrapcKaTa fltp w aB a npes
CpeflHMTe BeKOBe, t. 1, h . 2. C., 2002, CTp. 5 3 6 -5 3 7 ; Mcropufl Ha B t n -
rapHB, t. 2. C., 1981 (l/l3flaTencTBO Ha BAH ), CTp.371; Fine, John V.A.
Th e Early M edieval B a lkan s. A n n Arbor, 1983, p. 162; E o m w i o b , M.
B t n r a p m e B tB Bn3aHTniicKaTa HMnepkia. C., 1995, d p . 308.

28
CKMH KHA3 6 MHM flapeHM M MHO>KeCTBO MMOTM67. 1/13BOPM-
Te n p e flc ia B B T TaKa p a 3 B m n e io Ha H e m a ia . H o y n e H m e
3 aflaB aT B tn p o c M , k o m t o nocTaBHT nofl c tM H e H M e h e k o m
TpaKTOBKM Ha BM3aHTMMCKMTe M3TOHHMflM. KaTO H anpM M ep
CBefleHMeTO 3a oTBJiMMaHeTo Ha 3aroBopH M Ka 1/loaH h h -
KaK c m nofl H oca Ha 6 tn ra p c K M H BnafleTen. rip e cT tn H M K
o t TaKbB paHr, k o m t o 3acT p a niM n B tp x o B H a T a BnacT, fla
6i>fle oTBneneH no TonKOBa n e c e H m 6 e 3 n p o 6 n e M e H Ha-
m m h 6yflM ocHOBaTenHO ctM H e H M e . C n o p e fl h h k o m m h c h m b
CTa B a B t n p o c 3a flo 6 p o B o n H o n p e fla B a H e Ha 3aroBopHM Ka
Ha poMeMTe, K a ro n o T03M HaMMH c e fle n n n o t o m fla 6 b fle
O TflaneneH o t peanHOCTMTe b B t n r a p M n m flOHHKbfle fla
6 t f le flMCKpeflMTMpaH npefl oHMTe Ha 6-bnrapcKOTo o6Lfle-
c t b o KaTo noflHMHeHO Ha poMeMCKMn M M ne paT op nM fle68.
O t flp y ra rneflH a TOHKa, h a k o m a p xeon orM n ecK M HaxoflKM
noKa3BaT, ne T03M 6yHT Ha 1/loaH 6 n n flocT a 3HaHMTeneH
n o -o 6 x B a T m 3 a c T p a in a B a ifl n p n x o B nacTTa Ha 6-bnrap-
CKMB BnafleTen. H a M e p e H e o n o B e H nenaT (M onM BflOByn)
Ha MMeTO Ha 1/loaH 6araTyp, k o m t o c e CBi>p3Ba c 6 p a T a Ha
flap rie rb p , B flM m a n B tcT a H M e c p e ifly Hero. B nenaTa e
M3nMcaHa m TMrna, k o a t o h h k o m a b t o p m c h m t b t 3a poflo-
b o t o MMe HpTXMTyMH, a M BaH 1/lopflaHOB flonycKa, ne TOBa
e n p a õ t n ra p c K a T a TMTna „KaHapTMKMH”69. A k o TOBa HaMC-

67 np ofl"bJi}K M TeniiT H a Teoc|jaH - T H E M , t. 5, 1964, d p . 1 3 7 -

138; J l t B T p a M a T M K - T H E A, t. 5, 1964, d p . 168; Ilc e B A O -C M M e o H -
T H E M , t. 5, 1964, d p . 182; np ofl-b JiM M T e iiflT H a r e o p m M o H a x -
T H E M , T. 6, 1965, CTp. 152; C K M J iM u a -K e flp tiH - T M E U , t. 6 , 1 9 6 5 , CTp.
25 7 .
68 McTopHH Ha 6-bnrapme, t. 1. C., 2 0 0 3 (H3paTencTBO Jpyq"),
d p . 274; riaBnoB, rin. EpaTHTa Ha pap rie rb p m TexHMTe 3aroBopn. -
B: HcTopMH, 4 -5 , 1999, CTp. 4 -5 ; H hkotiob, A. ilonMTMHecKa MMCbJi b
paHHOcpeflHOBeKOBHa EbnrapwH (cpepaTa Ha IX - Kpaa Ha X B e x ). C.,
2006, CTp. 24 2 -2 4 3 ..
69 MopflaHOB, M b . Oipe BeflHbw 3a MormBflOBy/iMTe Ha 1/loaH
6araTyp. - B: ripo6neMM Ha npa6bnrapcKaTa ncTopnB h Kym ypa, t. 1.
C „ 1989, CTp. 3 9 0 -3 9 9 .

29
TMHa e TMTJiaTa „KaHapTHKHH", 3H3MM n o HflKOe B p e M e H
cnoM eH aTM BT 1/loaH, 6 p a T Ha flap nerbp, e 6 hji n p e c T o n o -
HacneflHMK. O t M 3 B o p m e c e 3Hae, He M n x a n n , H a n -ro n e -
m h a t cnH Ha C n M e o H , e 6 n n npecT onoH acneflH H K, h o n o-
p e in e H n e Ha 6 a m a cn e OTCTpaHeH n 3aM OHaineH. B n a c u a
e fla fle H a Ha n o -M a n x n a cnH nerbp. 3 a 1/loaH He c e c n o M e -
HaBa Hnm o. A k o H a n c m H a T n rn a T a e „KaHapTHKHH“, 3Hann
n r a n e 6 n n n p ecT onoH acne flH H K . Ho B t n p o c v r e K o ra ?
C n o p e fl HHKon yn e H n oifle n o BpeM eTO Ha C n M e o H , ToecT
c n e fl OTCTpaHHBaHeTO Ha M n x a n n e Bt3MO>KHO 3a KpaTKO
n p e c T o n o H a c n e flH n x fla e 6 n n H a n p a B e H 1/loaH. C n o p e fl
flp y rn a B T o p n e bt>3mo>kho n p n Bb^xaMBaHeTo Ha nerbp,
rbii xaTo t o h e H H M an flefla, xaTo n p e cT o n o H a cn e flH H K fla
e 6 n n n3flnrH aT 1/loaH, p e w a B a n x n no-T03n HannH flH Hac-
THHecKHHT n p o õ n e M 3a B n a c u a . B t n p o c v r Bee oifle He e
nceH n o n a x B a CBoeTo p e w e H n e 70. O T f lp y r a rneflH a Tonxa,
e nH TepeceH n H a fln n c tT o t M a H a cT n p cxn n x o M n n e x c o t
M ypcfjaTnap (ah. B e c a p a õ , P y M t H n n ), b k o h to c e c n o M e -
H aBa p a p M oaH. C n o p e fl noBeneTO yHeHn CTaBa B t n p o c
rbKMO 3a 3 a ro B o p H n K a 1/loaH, 6 p a T a Ha flap nerbp, k o h to
a b h o n p n B tcT a H n e T O c n e 6 n n o 6 n B e H 3a fla p 71.
C n e fl HeycneuiH H H o n n T 3a B tC T a H n e Ha l/loaH, o x o n o
9 3 0 roflnH a n H a n -ro n e M n n T C n M e o H O B c h h M n x a n n Bflnr-
H an B tC T a H n e c p e ifly 6 p a T cn. 3 H a e ce, ne M n x a n n e 6 nn
n p e cT o n o H a cn e flH H K n o BpeM eTO Ha C n M e o H , h o n o 3 a n o -
Befl Ha 6 a m a cn e OTCTpaHeH n 3aM O H aw eH . T o n c e n on -
BflBa Ha n cT o p n n e cK a T a c p e H a eflBa npe3 9 3 0 roflHHa, xo-
raTO B fln rH an 6yHT b eflHa 6 t n r a p c K a xpenocT, nneTO HM e
BH3aHTnncKHTe h 3 toh hh i4 h He cnoM eH aBaT. n p o fltn w H T e -
n n T Ha TeocjDaH CBHfleTencTBa, ne 6 y H T v r M y 6 n n n oflxp e -
70 H opflaH O B, M b . n e n a T m e Ha npecjiaBCKMTe B n afle ien n 8 9 3 -
971, 1993, CTp. 18; M d o p n a Ha 6tnrapnT e, t. 1, 2 0 0 3 (M3flaTencTBO
„Tpyfl"), d p . 273.
71 riaBJiOB, rin. BpaTBTa Ha pap n e r b p m TexHm e 3aroBopn. -
B: McTopna, 4 -5 , 1999, CTp.3.

30
neH o t HflKaKBM o m e n n n n ce o t B n a c r r a Ha p a p n e r b p
„CKHTH”72. CKHJIMLia-KeflpHH OT CBOH CTpaHa CbOÕLHaBa, He
M n x a n r i 6 mti noflKpeneH o t MHO>KecTBO 6 b n ra p M 73. 3 a p a fln
TOBa c n o M e H a B a H e Ha „c k h t h “ B a c rn i 3 n a T a p c « n CMBTa,
n e bctj IHH o c t CTaBa B t n p o c 3a HacneflHMflMTe Ha K y 6 e p o -
BHTe n p a 6 b n ra p M , k o m t o h b h o He 6 h j ih a o b o j ih h o t n o n n -
TMKaTa Ha p a p r ie r b p n noflKpenM nn h o b m h npeTeHfleHT
3a B nacT T a74. n o flo 6 H O CTaHOBHine 3 a c rb n B a m rin a M e H
ria B Jio B 75. B a c n m a T t n K O B a -3 a n M O B a roBopw, ne BbCTa-
HHeTO Ha M n x a n r i 6 n n o noflK p e n eH o o t MecTHOTo H a ce n e -
HHe Ha flo n H a CTpyivia, 6 e3 fla yTOHHSBa 3a k 3 k b o t o h h o
Ha c e n e H H e CTaBa B t n p o c 76. O t c b o b CTpaHa p ycxaT a H3-
cneflO BaTeiiK a M BaHO Ba CM«Ta, n e TOBa H aceneH H e, KoeTO
noflKpenw no M n x a n n , 6 n n o cnaBHHCKO n o c b o a xa p a K T e p
h 6 n n o n p n c te flH H e H o kt >m T e p n T o p n n T a Ha õ t n r a p c t O T a
fltp>KaBa eflBa n o BpeMeTO Ha C n M e o H , ToecT t o 6 n n o h o -
B 033B 0K)BaH 0 H Bee OLfle n a 3 e n o c n o M e H a 3a CBOHTa He-
3aB ncnM O C T77. BbCTaHMeTO e npeflafleH O b Xp oH H K aT a Ha
ripofltn>KH Tenn Ha TeocfcaH n o cn e flH n n h 3 h h h :
„ 0 6 a H e h M O H a x tT M n x a n n , 6 p a T Ha n e r b p , oÕ3eT o t
CTpeMe>K fla 3aB 3 e M e B n a c r r a b E b n r a p n n , n o B fln m a n o t
c b o h CTpaHa 6yHT b eflHa õ b n ra p c x a KpenocT. K t .m Hero
c e n p n o b e flH H n n n O T q e n nn n T e ce o t r ie r b p c k h t h . C n e fl
KaTO IVInxann n onnH an, Te H a xn yn H b poM eiicKH Te 3eMH,
npeM H H anw o t M aKeflO H nn n p e s C T p y M a b rbpi_inn n H h -
72 THEM, T. 5, 1964, CTp. 138.
73 THEM, T. 6, 1965, CTp. 257.
74 3 n a T a p c K M , B. HcTopna Ha 6-bnrapcKaia fltp w aB a npe3
CpeflHMTe BeKOBe, t . 1, h . 2. C., 2002, CTp. 538.
75 riaBJioB, rin. EpaTflTa Ha uap lie rb p n TexHm e 3aroBopn. -
B: H c T o p w fl, 4-5, 1999, CTp. 5.
76 M c T o p n a H a Ebnrapna, t. 2. C., 1981 ( M 3f la T e n c T B O H a EAH),
CTp. 371.
77 MBaHOBa, O. M. BoccTaHne 930 r. b E o n ra p n n n 6onrapo-BM-
3aHTMMCKkie OTHOiueHMB. - B: CjiaBBHe m MX coceflM. Me>KflyHapoflHbie
OTHOiueHMH B anoxy cfceoflannsMa. M., 1989, CTp. 13.

31
KOnOJl M TaM BCMMKO onycTOLUwni/i.“78
flpyrM H T M3TOHHMK, KOÍÍTO CnOMeHaBa BtCTaHMeTO
Ha Mnxan/ 1, e CKnni/ma-KeflpMH. Toíí onwcBa Hemaia no
cneflHi/in HaHHH:
..Cbluo m Muxawn, flpyrnnT rieipoB 6paT, Memae/i fla
3aB3eMe Bnacrra b Btnrapi/w. Toíí 3aBnaflnn eflHa onn-
Ha KpenocT, aanoMHan fla CMyiflaBa 6-bnrapcKme pa6oTH
M MH03i/iHa õtnrapi/i ce npnc-beflHHnnn ki>m H e ra. Ho toíí
yMpflJi HacKopo H npi/iB-bpweHHflHTe, noHe>Ke ce CTpaxy-
Banu ot meBa Ha IleTbp, HaB/ie3nn b poMeíícKMTe 3eMM
npe3 MaKeflOHHH, Ctpmmoh h Enafla. KaTo onycTOLUi/inw
BCMHKO no-nvra eu, 3aBnaflenn HwKonon m ce ycTaHOBWiM
B Hera. rio-KbCHo, noSefleHM b pa3nnHHH cpaweHMa, Te ce
noKopnnn Ha poMei/iTe.“79
KaKTO Bi/DKflaMe, H3BopnTe He ca cbBceM achm Kbfle
TOMHO 3anoHBa BtcTaHHeTo. BtnpeKH ne npn no-KtcHi/inT
pa3Boíí Ha 6yHTa ca cnoMeHaTM MaKeflOHi/in h CTpyMa,
KoeTO Kapa hakoi/i n3cneflOBaTenn fla cBi>p3BaT h Hanano-
TO Ha 6yHTa c Te3H oõnacTM, no-TOHHO c florma CTpyMa80.
Cnopefl BacMJi Ro3eneB m HBaH Bo>kmjiob o6aHe Te3H Te-
pnTopnn ca Haíí-oõiflo 3anaflHMTe wnw K>ro3anaflHMTe no-
rpaHMHHM TepnTopnn Ha EtnrapMfl81, KaTo rinaMeH riaB-
noB npeflH3npa Ta3M oõnacT b Tepi/iTopi/WTa Ha flHeiiiHa
MaKeflOHHH82. H3me>Kfla, qe Mi/ixawn oifle b HaqanoTO Ha
õyHTa e noHHHan, kbto rinaMeH riaBnoB npeflnonara, qe
3afl T33I/I paHHa CMtpT BCblflHOCT Ca CTOnnM yÕMÍÍflM H3-
78 rUBH.T. 5, 1964, CTp. 138.
79 T U BH , T. 6, 1965, CTp. 257.
80 3naTapcKM, B. HcTopua Ha 6"bnrapcKaTa fltp w a B a npe3
CpeflHMTe BeKOBe, t. 1, h. 2. C., 2002, CTp. 5 3 8 -5 3 9 ; HcTopMH Ha B t n -
rapMB, T. 2. C., 1981 (M3flaTencTBO Ha BAH ), CTp. 371.
81 Eommjiob, Mb.; no3eneB, B. Mctopmh Ha BtnrapMH, t. 1 -
HcTopMB Ha cpeflHOBeKOBHa BbnrapM a V II—X IV BeK. C., 1999, CTp.
279.
82 riaBnoB, rin. BpaTHTa Ha pap rierbp m TexHMTe 3aroBopM. -
B: HcTopMB, 4 -5 , 1999, CTp. 5 -6 .

32
npaieHM ot flap n erb p83. Ho Ta3n xnnoTe3a e HeflOKa3yeMa
6e3 noBene H3BopoBH flaHHH, Maxap fla n3me>Kfla TBtpfle
BepoflTHa. Cnefl paHHaia CMtpT Ha BOflana Ha BtcTaHne-
To HeroBme nocneflOBaTenn HanycHanH TepnTopnnTa Ha
Btnrapnn, CTpaxyBanxn ce ot rieTpoBOTO OTMtmeHne n
Haxnynn Ha BH3aHTnncKa TepnTopnn, xaTo npeMHHann
npe3 MaKeflOHHfl n flocTnmann flo flHemeH Ennp, KbfleTO
npeB3enn rpafl Ha wvie HHKonon. Ho Te 6nnn no6efleHH b
pa3nwHHH cpa>xeHHfl n ce noflHHHnnn Ha poMeHTe84.
B 3ai<ntoHeHMe Hexa nopa3Cb>KflaBaMe 3a npHHHHMTe,
KOHTO CTOflT B OCHOBaTa Ha T33H BvrpeujHa peaKflnn, Ha-
coneHa cpeifly nerbp. B 6tnrapcxaTa ncTopnn HMa mhoto
cnynan Ha npeBpaTH h BtcTaHnn cpeifly õtnrapcxn Bna-
fleTenn, HHHflHHpaHH ot BH3aHTnn, ho npn BtoraHnnTa
Ha 1/loaH h Mnxann h h m b ncTopnHecKn noflaTKH, kohto fla
roBopnT 3a ynacTneTO Ha BnaaHTnn. ToecT Te3H BtCTa-
Hnn 6nnn powõa eflHHCTBeHO Ha BtTpeujHononnTHHecKa-
Ta peaxflnn, ctiflecTByBaifla b Btnrapnn no OHOBa Bpe-
Me. Bacnn 3naTapcKH CMflTa, He BtcTaHneTO Ha 1/loaH n
ynacTneTO Ha ..CnMeoHOBH BenMO>KH“ b Hero ncHO roBopn
3a cbnpoTHBaTa Ha hhkoh xptroBe b Btnrapnn ot HOBaTa
nonnTHKa Ha c6nn>KeHHe c Bn3aHTnn, BOfleHa ot nerbp n
HeroBnn HacTOHHHK Teoprn CypcyByn85. hnaMeH riaBnoB
3acTtnBa rneflnifleTO, He BtB BtcTaHnnTa Ha 1/loaH n Mn-
xann npo3npaTflBe och o bh h npnHHHH. EflHaTa e ctnpoTH-
BaTa Ha hakoh 6onnpn cpeifly HOBaTa nonnTnxa, BOfleHa
ot flap rieTtp 3a m h p h h OTHOineHnn c Bn3aHTnn. flpyraTa
e OTCTpaHHBaHeTO ot CnMeoH Ha Han-roneMnn My chh h
npecTonoHacneflHHK Mnxann ot Bnacrra, KoeTO ct3fla-
no T33H CHTyaflHH Ha flHHacTHHHH cnopoBe b 6tnrapcKnn
83 riaB/iOB, rin. BpaTflTa Ha pap rieTtp m TexHme aaroBopM. -
B: HcTopnn, 4-5, 1999, CTp. 5.
84 C K H J i M u a - K e f l p H H - n/IBH, t. 6, 1965, C T p . 257.
85 3 /ia T a p c K M , B . - H cTopna Ha õ tn ra p cK a T a f lt p w a B a npe3
C p e flH m e B e K O B e , t. 1 , h . 2 . C., 2 0 0 2 , CTp. 5 3 7 .

33
uapcKM flB o p 66. n o flo S H O c x B a iy a H e 3 acT b n B a T n B a c n n
rio3en e B, n \A san E o w n n o B , k o m t o CMHTaT, ne c OTCTpaHn-
B a H e io Ha M n x a n n o t B n a c r r a ce n ocT a B M n a nofl c b M H e -
HMe CTa6MnHOCTTa Ha flMHacTMHecKMn npHHflnn b 6 b n r a p -
CKaTa flb p w a B a m 6 n n o npMHMHa 3a TOBa B b T p e w H O -n o n n -
TMHecKO Hanpe>KeHMe87. A H re n H M KonoB cbLflo CMflTa, ne
BbCTaHMeTO Ha 1/loaH e npoflM KTyBaH o o t n o n m m a i a Ha
p a p r ie r b p n H a n -B e n e o t flo ro B o p a o t 9 2 7 roflMHa. T o m
flo n ycxa , ne cb n p o T M B a T a Ha n a cT o t en v\ia b 6bnrapcKO TO
papcTBO, noflKpenM n 1/loaH, e 6 n n HacoHeH c p e ifly npoBM -
3aHTMMCK3Ta nonMTMKa Ha rie rb p . H o npaBM m KopeKTHa-
Ta 3a6ene>KKa, n e n pne M aH e T O Ha 1/loaH BbB B m a m m o t
M M ne p aT op P o M a H J la x a n n H BCbLflHOCT 6 n n o npoflM KTyBa-
Ho o t CTapaTa BM33HTMMCKa npaKTMKa fla c e npeflOCTaBn
y6e>KMLfle Ha flbp>KaBHM 6erb n flM , k o m t o no-KbCH o M oraT
fla õ b fla T M 3non3B3HM npM n o w o pa3BMTMe Ha oõcTO BTen-
CTBaTa. T o e c T a B T o p b T CMflTa, n e BM3aHTMHCKHHT M M ne­
p aTop MO>Ke 6 m c e e c b M H A B a n b necTHMTe OTHOineHMn
Ha r ie r b p npM noflnncBaH eTO Ha flo ro B o p a o t 9 2 7 roflMHa
m n p n e n 6yHTOBHMKa 1/loaH b flB o p a c m , KaTo rap aH fln n 3a
c n a 3 B a H e Ha M M pa o t rie T b p 88.
M a n K O c n e fl cbõMTMHTa, CBbp3aHM c BbCTaHMeTO Ha
6 p a T a Ha flap fle rb p , M n x a n n , o t E b n r a p n n M 30nran m
c p b 6 c K n n T KHH3 H e c n a B , KoeTO flO B e n o flo OTflenBaHeTO
Ha C b p õ n n o t T e p n T o p n n T a Ha E b n r a p n n . EflMHCTBeHM-
9\i M3Bop 3a Te3M cb6M TM n e KoHCTaHTMH EarpeH opoflH M .
H e x a fla b m a m m x a x o n n c B a c h õ m w m a :
„Cnefl cefleM roflMHM H e cn a B c flp ym neTnpnM a flyrnn

86 HcTopMH Ha 6-bnrapnTe, t. 1. C., 2 0 0 3 ( H 3f la T e n c T B O „TpyA").

d p . 273.
87 E o w h j io b , M b .; n o 3 e n e B , B . M cio p n n Ha EtnrapH H , t. 1 -
McTopriH Ha cpeflHOBeKOBHa E tn ra p H H VII—X IV Bex. C., 1999, CTp.
278.
08 H m k o jio b , A . n o n M T M H e c K a M n c t n b p a H H O c p e flH O B e K O B H a
E"bnrapnH (c p e A a T a Ha IX - xpaa Ha X Bex). C., 2006, CTp. 2 4 1 -2 4 3 .

34
m sõh r a n o t õ t n r a p M T e n o t n p e c n a B O T n u j t n b C t p Õ M H .
B C T p a H a T a tom H a M e p M ii c a M o n e T fle c e T M t>Ke, kom to h h -
M a n M hm >KeHM, hm f l e p a m M 3 K a p B a n M n p e x p a H a T a cm c
jiob. K aTO 3aBJiaflflJi c t a x C T p a H a T a , tom M 3n paT M n B e c T
H a p o M e ííc K M H M M n e p a T o p m n o M C K a n o t H e ro c t f le n c T B M e
m n o M o ifl, x a T o o 6 e m a n f la M y cny>KM m f la c e no flH M H H B a
H a H e roB M T e H a p e flÕ M KaTO n p e flM W H M T e KHH3e. O T T o r a B a
p o M e ííc K M H T M M n e p a r a p He n p e c T a H a n f la ro o 6 n a r o f le -
T e n c T B y B a , Ta c tp Õ M T e , kom to C m m coh 6 n n npoKyflM Ji m
KOMTO >KMBeenM B X t p B a T M H , B B t n r a p M H M B O C T aH a n M T e
CTpaHM , KaTO c e H a y H M n n 3 a TO Ba, c e c t õ p a n M npM H ero.
1/1 b cToriM LiaTa flOLUJiM hhkom õ e r b n p n o t B t n r a p M n . 1/1m-
n e p a T o p v r H a p o M e M T e tm CHa6flM Ji c f lp e x M , o 6 c M n a n rn c
m e flp o c T M m tm M 3n paTM n npM M e c n a B . T a K a n p e 3 6 o ra T M T e
fla p e H M H H a M M n e p a T o p a H a p o M e M T e tom y c T p o n n m 3 a -
c e n M ii C T p a H a T a m, k b k to n o -p a H O , e po6ckm n oflH M H eH Ha
pO M eM CKM ii M M n e p a T o p . KaTO y c T p o M n C T p a H a T a e t c c t -
fle ticT B M e T O H a M M n e p a T o p a m c M H o r o õ p o n H M T e M y 6 n a -
rofle aH M H , tom 6mji y T B t p f le H 3 a khh3 b H e a .“89
B t n p o c v r 3 a ro flM H aT a H a õhtctboto Ha M e c n a B ot
B tn ra p n a o 6 a n e e T B tp fle cno>KeH. C n o p e f l T eKCTa Ha
K oH CTaH TM H B a r p e H o p o f lH M M 3 n n 3 a, He c n e f l n o K o p n B a H e -
TO H a C t p Õ M H ot B t n r a p M H npM u a p C mmcoh MnM BO M H aTa
Me>Kfly B t n r a p M H m X t p B a T n n , c e f le M roflMHM c n e f l Te3M
c t6 M T M H M e c n a B M 3 6 n ra n ot npecnaB b C t p Õ M n . ToflM -
HaTa H a n o K o p n B aH e T o Ha C t p Õ M n ot C mmcoh e ncH a m
6 e 3 c b M H e H M n e 9 2 4 -a . K aT O n p M 6 a B M M c e f le M roflMHM
K t M Hen, ro flM H aT a H a 6nrcTBO TO H a H e c n a B C T a B a 9 3 1 -a.
ilo B e n e T O M 3 cn e flO B a T e n M n p n e M a T Ta3M fla T M p o B K a 90. M o -

89 TMBM, t. 5, 1964, C Tp. 212.

90 rpoT, K. l/l3BecTMH KoHCTaHTMHa EarpaHopoflHoro o cepõax
v\ xopBaTax. CaHKT lleTepSypr, 1880, CTp. 196; JupeneK, K. McTopuja
C p6 a, KH.1, 1978, CTp. 115; 3/iaTapcKM, B. McTopun Ha õtnrapcK aT a
f lt p x o B a npe3 C p e flH m e BeKOBe, t. 1, h. 2. C., 2002, CTp. 539-541;
MyTacjjHueB, IX 1/lcTopnn Ha õtnrapcKMH Hapofl 681-1323. C., 1986,

35
poBMM cbU4o B t3 n p n e M a roflMHaTa 931-a, h o norpew HO a
CMHTa o t õ tn ra p o -x tp B a T C K a ia BOÍíHa. B a c n n 3naiap cK M
y6eflHTenHO flOKa3Ba, ne Ta3M BOMHa e 6 n n a npe3 926 ro­
flMHa, MopoBHH norpeLUHO npweMa, ne th ce e c tc T o a n a
npe3 924 roflMHa, ToecT cnefl noKopBBaH eio Ha C tp 6 M B
o t CMMeOH91. TeoprMM OcTporopcKM npneM a 927-928 ro­
flMHa, KaTo M3MMcnnBa cnoMeHaTMTe o t KoHCTaHTMH Bar­
peHopoflHM cefleM roflMHM o t BtSKaHBaHeTo Ha c p t >6c k m b
k h b 3 3axapMM, KoeTO ce flaTMpa npe3 920-921 roflMHa m
03HanaBa, ne M e cn a B ocBo6o>KflaBa C t>p 6 m b npe3 927-
928 roflMHa92. Ta3M flaTMpoBKa ce np neM a m ot B a c M m a
TbnKO Ba-3aM M O Ba93. HeM3BecTHO 3aiflo C t m b i >h P i >h c m -
MaH flonycxa, ne H e c n a B M30nran o t llp e c n a B npe3 933
roflMHa. M o w e 6 m npMeMa io t o OTnpaBHa TOHKa CBefleHMe-
TO Ha KoHCTaHTMH BarpeHopoflHM 3a õ tn ra p o -x tp B a T C K a -
Ta BOMHa. JRb h o PtH CM M aH ce no30BaBa Ha flaTMpoBKaTa
Ha BacM n 3naTapc«M 3a Hen, a m m c h h o 926-a m KaTo npM-
6aBB cefleM roflMHM, CTaBa 933 roflMHa94.
KaKTO BMflHXMe OT MMTMpaHOTO CBefleHMe Ha KoHCTaH­
TMH BarpeHopoflHM, 6nrcTBOTO Ha M ecnaB 6M no ocbiflecT-
BeHO c BM33HTMMCKa noflKpena. ToBa fltn6 o K O H apym aBa-
n o 6tnrapcKM Te MHTepecM. ToecT MO>Ke fla ce Bt3npM eM e,
KaTo HapyineHMe Ha floroBo pa o t 927 roflMHa Me>Kfly B t n -

CTp. 201; B a x a jio B , I". L(ap rie rb p (9 2 7 -9 7 0 ) n HeroBOTO BpeMe. - B:

HcTopua, 2 C., 1992, CTp. 14; M ctopm h H a O tn ra p m e , t. 1. C., 2 0 0 3
(H3flaTencTBO Tpyfl), CTp. 275.
91 T io p o B u f i, B. Kafla je HacnaB floiuao Ha B/iacT? - B: I1pn-
J103M aa KHMweBHOcT, je3MK, MCTopujy H cfDOTiKnop, 14. EeorpaA, 1934,
CTp. 6 -1 6 .
92 O c T p o r o p c K M , r. riop4)MporeHHTOBa XpOHMKa CpnCKMX BJia-
flapa h fteHH xpoHonowKM noflai 4M. - B: OcrporopcKH, I". - CaõpaHM
Aena, 4. EeorpaA, 1969, CTp. 7 9 -8 6 .
93 HcTopHH Ha BtnrapM H, t. 2. C., 1981 (M3AaTencTBO Ha BAH ),
CTp. 371.
94 P tH C M M aH , C t. HCTOpMH Ha ritpBOTO ÕtJirapCKO AapCTBO.
C „ 1993, CTp. 145.

36
ra p u fl m B n 3 a H T M íi. H o M 3 B o p m e M t n n a T fla n M e M M a n o
H B K a K B a peaKLjMH o t C T p a H a H a M a p r ie r b p . A n a flo p M f la
e M M a n o T a K a B a p e aK flM n , t s s b h o H e e 3 a c T p a m M n a c t -
ifle c T B y B a iflM n mmp, kom to c e 3 a n a 3 M n f lo c T a B p e M e c n e f l
Te3M c tõ M T M H . H M aKap Me>Kfly B M 3 a H T M n m B tn rap M n
fla c b if le c T B y B a n mmp, t o a b h o BM saH TM M flM Te He B n p B a -
nM M H o r o b H e c T H O c r r a H a M a p n e r b p , 3 a m o T O T b p c e n M
BM HarM B-b3MO>KHOCT f la c e n o flC M ry p n T m flo n tn H M T e n H O ,
KaicbBTO e c n y n a n T c H e c n a B , kom to Õ Mn o ifle e flH a n o fl-
Kpena 3a Bm am m , a K o f la p n e r b p C M e H n n pn3KO K y p c a
H a 6 t n r a p c K a T a B t H in H a nonM T M K a m 3 a c T p a m a B a n BM 3aH -
TMMCKMTe MHTepeCM .
Ba>KeH M O M e H T b õ tn r a p o -B M sa H T M M C K M T e O THOineHM n
n p e flC T a B n y iB a T m M afl>K apcK M Te H a m e c T B M n b B a n K a H C K M a
n o n y o c T p o B , m OTHOLueHMBTa H a õ t n r a p M m bm33htmmmm
K b M Tnx. C n e f l nopa>KeH M eTo, KoeTO mm Õ M n o H a H e c e H O
o t BOMCKMTe H a C M M e o H m neH eH e3M Te, M afl>K apM Te c e
n p e c e n B a T b a p e a n a H a naHOHMB. n t p B M B T mm n o x o fl Ha
B a n x a H C K M B n o n y o c T p o B c n e f l Te3M c t õ M T M B e e f lB a n p e 3
934 roflM H a. n p e 3 t 33m ro flM H a Te n p e fln p n e n M n o x o fl c p e ­
ifly BM33HTMMCKa T p aK M B , flOCTMraMKM flO K O H CTaH TM H O non,
h o c n e f l KaTO mm 6 n n n n a T e H oT K y n 3 a n n e H e H M T e B M 3aH -
tmmmm, Te c e M3TernMnM. H b h o M afl>K apM Te n p e 3 T03M n o ­
xofl, 3 a fla flo c T M m a T B M 3 a H T M iicK a T p a K M B , c a n p e M M H a n M
n p e 3 6 t n r a p c K M T e 3 e M M 95. n p e 3 943 ro flM H a e O T 6 e n n 3 a H O
B M 3BOpM Te M BTOpO TOnBM O M afl>KapCKO H a iiie C T B M e B t B
BM33HTMMCKMTe B n a fle H M B . npM H e ro HBHO M afl>KapM Te

95 n po fl"b JD K iiT e n B T Ha T e o 4 > a H - TMBM, t. 5, 1964, CTp. 138—

139; Jl-bB T paM aT M K — T U B M , t. 5, 1964, CTp. 168; Í1 pofl"bJD KM Tejiht
H a T e o p rM M o H a x - TMBU, t. 6, 1965, CTp. 153; 3 n a T a p c K H , B. Mc-
TopMB Ha õ tn ra p c K a ia fltp w aB a npea C p e flH m e BeKOBe, t. 1, h . 2. C.,
2002, d p . 5 4 1 -5 4 2 ; M yTac|)H HeB, n. M afl)Kapm e m 6-bnrapo-BM3aH-
TMíícKMTe OTHOLueHHB npe3 TpeTaTa HeTBtpT Ha X BeK. - B: roflmuHMK
Ha C oc|d h ííc k h b yHMBepcmeT. McTopnKO-OnnonorMHecKH cfiaKynTeT,
XXXI, 8, 1935, CTp. 14.

37
OTHOBO npeMMHaBBT n npe3 õtnrapcxa Tepmopna. Cnefl
nflBaHeio Ha BH3aHTMMCKnn npecTon Ha KoHCTaHTHH VII
BarpeHopoflHH 6nn CKniOHeH mup c MaflwapnTe. flopn b
nepwofla 945-948 roflHHa 6nnn noKptcTeHH b KoHCTaHTH-
Honon HflKOM Mafl>KapcKH Bo>KflOBe. Ho T03H MHp He Tpann
fltnro. ripe3 948 roflHHa e cnoMeHaT hob noxofl Ha Ma-
fl>Kapme cpeifly BnsaHTHfl. Cnefl pa3rpoMa o6aMe, kohto
nperbpnenH npe3 955 roflHHa MaflwapnTe npn JlexcjDenfl
ot BoiicKHTe Ha Otoh I, Te HacoHBaT pnnaTa cm arpecnn
cpeifly BanxaHCKMn nonyocipoB. I"lpe3 959 roflMHa nivia
hob ronflM noxofl cpeifly Bn3aHTnn. Ho Maflwapme 6nnn
pa36MTM ot BOMCKaTa Ha floT Aprnp. Hob noxofl 6nn M3-
B-bpmeH m npe3 960 roflMHa. [~lpe3 961 roflMHa ce cnoMe-
HaBa m hobo HamecTBMe, KoeTO 6nno cnpnHO ot bm33h-
TMMCKaTa apMMn Ha MapnaH Aprnp. npe3 bcmmkmto Te3M
noxoflM Ha Mafl>KapMTe cpeifly Bn3aHTnn Te npeMMHaBann
m npe3 6tnrapcKMTe 3eMM. MHTepeceH e BtnpoctT kbkbm
ca ènnn õtnrapo-MaflxopcKMTe OTHOineHnn npe3 nepnofla
Ha ynpaBneHneTO Ha flap nerbp. EflHO KpaTKO n3BecTne
Ha ilnyTnpaHfl cnoMeHaBa, He rtpfln m Stnrapn 6nnn Ha-
npaBeHM flaHHMfln Ha MaflwapnTe96. Ho to He e flaTnpa-
HO. Hakom aBTopn CMflTaT, He to ce oTHacn 3a paHHHTe
Mafl>KapcKM noxofln, xoraTO Bee oifle flap rieTtp He ce e
cBtp3an c Mafl>xapcKMTe BO>KflOBe. 3a TOBa cbo6iflaBa m
l/loaH 3oHapa, komto cnoMeHaBa, He flap nerbp noncxan
noMoifl ot BM3aHTMMflMTe, 3a fla ce cnpaBH c Maflwapn-
Te, ho Tbíí xaTo He n nonynnn, cxmonnn cbio3 c Tax97. I/I3-
rne>Kfla, He 6tnrapo-Mafl>KapcKMTe OTHOineHnn npe3 T03M
nepnofl 6nnn flOCTa flMHaMMHHM. B HananoTO npn ntpBH-
Te Maflx<apcKM noxoflM ocBeH BM3aHTnncKMTe BnafleHnn,
npn npeMMHaBaHeTo 6nnn onycToinaBaHM m 6tnrapcKMTe
3eMH. no-cTapMTe ncTopnorpa<fcn b nnfleTO Ha Bacnn 3na-

96 flU BM , t. 2. 1960, C Tp. 319.

97 TH EM , T. 7, 1968, C Tp. 179.

38
TapcKH m r ie r b p MyTacjDHMeB CMBTaT, ne T e p m op M H T a Ha
E t n r a p M n 6 n n a 3HaHHTeriHO o n ycT ou jaB aH a, K o e io flOBe-
n o h flo y n a f lt K a Ha flt p w a B a T a ripn p a p rie rb p . Ho hakom
crbBpeMeHHM n 3cre ,q oBaT e n n K a ra X p m c to flH M H TpoB ,qo-
nycKaT, He M aflw apcKaT a a rp e cM n 6 t p 3 o 6 m ia n p e o flo n n -
Ha o t B b n r a p c K a ia flM nnoM apM n, k o a to n o rb p c M n a cbK)3
c M a flw a p m e . T a K a n e no-tcbCH m e mm noxoflM, M3me>Kfla,
He 3 a c a ra n M 6 bn rap cK M T e 3eMM, a ca M O BM3aHTMMCKMTe.
T o e d Mafl>KapMTe 6mhm n ponycK aH M n p e s E tn r a p M n . T o B a
flO B en o npe3 968 roflMHa, K o ra io Bene 6 tn ra p o -B M 3 a H -
TMMCKMTe OTHOiueHMfl c e 6mtim BJ10LLIMJ1M, flo n p o ie c T a Ha
Hmkmc|dop II O oKa, kom to noM CKan o t p a p fle T b p fla c n p e
fla n p o n y c K a Mafl>KapMTe n pe3 cb o h TepMTopMn, 3a fla on -
yCTOLLiaBaT BM33HTMMCKMTe BJiafleHMfl. C n o p e fl XpMCTO
flMMMTpOB B p a iia T a T83M CnO>KHa K3pTMH3 Ha 6b>JirapO-
BM3aHTMMCKO-Mafl>KapCKMTe OTHOLUeHMfl 6MJia H a M e ce -
Ha m C tp Õ M H Ha KHA3 H e c n a B . C t m a c H O M3BecTMnTa Ha
flyKiiyiHCKMn npe3BM Tep H e c n a B 6mh HanaflHaT HflKtfle b
C p e M o t Mafl>KapMTe, 6 n n nn eH eH o t t a x m X B t p n e H b pexa
C a B a , b KOfiTO ce yflaBMn. C n o p e fl tosm aBT op npM ctCTBM -
eTO Ha H e c n a B b C p e M , komto 6M n 6 t n r a p c K a TepMTopMn,
noKa3Ba M3BecTHa a rp e c n n Ha c p tõ c K M n kha3 kt>m E t n -
rapMn, ko h to , 3a fla 6 b fle n a p n p a H a , 6nn M M3non3BaHM
Mafl>KapMTe, Bene K a ra ci>k)3hmpm Ha 6 tn ra p M T e . llop a flM
ManKOTO M3BopoBM flaHHM e TpyflHO fla c e Ka>Ke Kora to h h o
e C T aH ano TOBa c6nM>KeHMe Mex<fly 6t>nrapM m Mafl>KapM,
h o c n o p e fl KbCHMTe flaHHM Bene 3a BOMHaTa Me>Kfly r ie r b p
m Hmkmc|dop II O oKa, t o e Bene <£aKT. H3rne>Kfla, ne H e B t3 -
MO>KHOCTTa Ha p a p lle r b p fla c e cnp aBM c Ta3M oÕ LpoeBpo-
nei/icKa 3 a n n a x a , KaKBaTO np eflC T aB nnB anM Mafl>KapMTe b
to3m nepMOfl, ro T nacH anM fla 3acTpainM M M pa c BM3aHTMn,
cõnMXOBaMKM c e c Mafl>KapMTe, kom to 6MnM nponycKaH M
npe3 6 t n r a p c K a TepMTopMH, 3a fla o n yc T o m a B a T BM3aH-

39
TMÍÍCKMTe B Jiafle H M H 98.
KaKTO B M fla x M e , oTH O iueH M JiTa Mex<fly M a flw a p M m
õ t n r a p u n o B p e M e T O Ha q a p r i e r b p T B t p f le y cn o > K H flB a -
n m H f lo p n 3 a c T p a m a B a n n M H p a c Bn3aH TM ?i. M o w e f la c e
n p w e M e , n e e M M a n o e B e H T y a n e H obK>3 Me>Kfly M a flw a p M
H 6 t J ir a p n , >KepTBa H a komto c i a B a n a B n 3 a H T H fl, h TO Ba
e 6 m j io B y u j it p 6 H a f lo r o B o p a ot 9 2 7 roflH H a. H o o c B e H
T03H c n y M a íí c t if le c T B y B a T m f lp y m , kohto nt>K 6 n a r o n p n -
H T C T B an H M w pH M Te OTHOLueHMH Me>Kfly B t n r a p H f l m Bn3aH-
Ti/iH. r io flo 6 H M c n y M a M c a m n o x o flM T e H a pycKM H kh«3 M ro p
K b M KOHCTaHTHHOnOJl. r ip e 3 9 4 1 H 9 4 4 ro flH H a KMeBCKMflT
KHH3 M r o p n p e fln p n e /1 r o n e M M n o x o flM k i >m BM 3aHTM M CKa-
T a CTOJiHfla, ho H B f lB a T a c n y n a n BM3aHTMMCKMTe B n a c T H
6 m j im n p e fly n p e > K fla B a H M ot é tn ra p M T e h CBoeBpeM eHHO
B 3 H M a n n M epKM , 3 a f la ona35iT B n a fle H M H T a eu. B b b bto-
p n fiT n o x o fl H a KHH3 M ro p , c n e f l KaTO 6 m ji n o flK y n e H c t c
3JiaTO M CICbnOMeHHOCTM OT BM3aHTMMflMTe, TOM C e O T T e m a ,
ho npaTH Ji neH e H e 3M T e , k o m t o b t o 3M m o m c h t M y 6 m j im c t -
KJ3HMI4M, f la o n y c T O iu a B a T õ t n r a p c K M T e 3eM M , hbho k3to
KOHTp a M n p K a H a 6 t n r a p c K M T e n p e fly n p e x < fle H M n tcbM bm-
3 a H T M M flM T e ".
Te3M cbÕ M TM fl n o x a sB a T , n e OTHOLueHMHTa Ha õ tn ra p M
M neneHe3M õ m t im T B t p fle c t io >k h m . T o B a c e n o T B b p > K fla B a m

96 npoflT.ri)KiiTenflT Ha TeocfiaH - THEM , t. 5, 1964, CTp. 139;

npofl-bm KM Tem iT Ha TeoprH M o H a x - T H E 14, t. 6, 1965, CTp. 153;
3 n aT ap cK H , B. McTopnn Ha 6-bnrapcKaTa flbpw aBa npes CpeflHUTe
BeKOBe, T. 1 , h . 2. C., 2002, CTp. 5 6 7 -5 6 9 ; M y T a $ H iie B , íl. M aflw a-
p m e H 6-bnrapo-BM3aHTHMCKHTe OTHomeHua npe3 TpeTaTa HeTBtpT Ha
X BeK. - B: roflmuHMK Ha CocjDuPicKMH yHi/iBepckiTeT. McTopnKO-Onno-
norMMecKM cjaaKyrrreT, X X X I, 8, 1935, CTp. 3—35; flM MM TpoB, X p . E t n -
rapo-yHrapcKm e OTHomeHMH ripes CpeflHOBeKOBMeTo. C., 1998, CTp.
7 1 -9 1 .
99 noBecTb BpeMeHHbix neT, nepeBOfl fl. C. Jli/ixaMeBa h E. A.
PoMaHOBa, T. 1. M.-Jl., 1950, CTp. 3 3 -3 4 ; 2 2 9 -2 3 1 ; 3 n a T a p c K M , B.
McTopnfl Ha 6-bnrapcKaia f lt p x o B a npe3 CpeflHMTe BeKOBe, t. 1, m. 2.
C., 2002, CTp. 5 4 3 -5 4 4 .

40
ot CBe,qeHMflTa H a K oH C T aH T H H B a r p e H o p o f lH H , komto Ka3-
B a c n e flH O T o :
„P oM eM CK M flT M M n e p a T o p 6 m c e C T o p n n n o - o n a c e H 3 a
õ tn rap M T e m MO>Ke f la m npM HyflM f la ctoht mm phm , aKo
c k t ik d h m M M p c n e n e H e rM T e , noHe>Ke c n o M e H a T M T e n e n e H e -
m c a c b c e flM m H a õ t n r a p M T e . K o r a T o n o M C K aT - 3 a cboh
coõcTBeH a n o n sa m t im 3 a y r o f la H a p o M e iic K M fl M M n e p a ­
Top - Te n e c H O M o r a T f la c e O T n p a B H T H a n o x o fl c p e if ly
Õ B Jirap M T e m f la ra n o 6 e flH T m p a 3 r p o M H T c n o -ro rm M O T O cm
MHO>Ke cT B O m cM fia. 3 a T O B a m õ tn ra p M T e n o naraT H enpec-
T3HHM yCMJIMH M C T ap aH M fl f la W M BeflT B M M p M C b lT ia C M e C
n e n e H e rM T e , n o H e w e ot n e cT M T e mm H a n a fle H M H m onycTO -
LueHMn ot on M T c a HayHMfiM , n e e f lo 6 p e m n o n e 3 H O f la c a
BMHaTM B M M p C TA X”100.
KaKTO BM>KflaMe o t TO Ba M 3BecTM e, neneHe3MTe no
B p e M e T O H a p a p n e r b p 6mjim f lo c T a H e n o cT O H H e H cfcaKTop.
3 a B p e M e T O H a C M M e o H c e 3 H a e , n e Te 6mtim CBio3HM flM
H a 6 b n r a p c K a T a flb p > K a B a . Ho TO Ba M 3BecT M e n o K a 3 B a ,
n e n o B p e M e T O H a r i e r b p TO Ba, M a m e jK fla , c e M 3M eHM Jio
m n e n e H e 3 M T e BJie3JiM b o p Õ M T a T a H a BM3aHTMMCKMTe mh-
T e p e c M , k o m to m M 3 n o n 3 B a jiM , 3 a f la f l t p w a T 6 b n r a p M T e
n o fl 3 a n n a x a . Ho o t c b o h C T p a H a m Õ B n ra p M T e , M3m e>Kfla,
n e f lt p w a n M f la na3H T mmphm O T H O w eH M n c n e n e H e 3 M T e m
f la TM M M 3T 3 a CbK)3H M flM 101. A n a HBHO TO Ba He B M H a m e
Õ M n o n o cT M raH O . B b b Bpt>3Ka c Te3M cno>KHM o T H o m e H M n
Me>Kfly B b n r a p M n m n e n e H e 3 M T e e m H a fln M C b T H a >KynaH
flM M M T b p o t 943 roflM H a. M a K a p m fla e cjiparMeHTapHO 3 a -
n a 3 e H m f la M M a pa3nM H H M T b m y B a H M H 3 a H a p o fla , c p e if ly
k o m to e BOKDBan c n o M e H a T M n T >KynaH flM M M T b p , n o B e n e T O
yn e H M ro CBt»p3BaT c n e H eH e3M Te, k o m to 6 M n M ci>io3HMflM
H a KMeBCKME KH33 M r o p n o B p e M e H a n o x o f la M y c p e if ly
100 rMBM, t. 5, 1964, CTp. 198.
101 B o j k h j io b , M b . Bt/irapu a m neneH eam e (8 9 6 -1 0 1 8 ). - B: Mc-
TopuHecKM npemefl, 2, 1973, CTp. 3 7 -6 2 ; flkiMMTpoB, X p . B tn ra p u fl m
H O M a flm e ,qo HananoTO Ha X I Be«. C., 2011, CTp. 2 0 6 -2 4 1 .

41
KoHCTaHTHHonon h kohto BnocneflCTBHe rn n3npaTnn fla
onycToiiiaBaT TepnTopnnTa Ha BtnrapHn102. KaKTO bh >k-
flaMe, neneHe3HTe b OTHOiiieHHHTa ch c OKonHHTe HapoflH
naBnpann Me>Kfly õtnrapn, pycn h BH3aHTHMfln, TaKa Me
e Bb3MO>KHO b eflHH nepnofln Te fla ca 6nnn ctK)3HMflH
Ha õtnrapnTe, ho b flpyrn fla ca HanaflanH 6tnrapcKaTa
TepnTopnn Kara BparoBe. ToBa 6nno necTO cpeiflaHO h b -
neHwe cpefl HOMaflHTe, KaKBHTO 6nnn h neMeHe3HTe.
ripe3 965 roflHHa apaõcKHHT khm>kobhhk ot eBpencKH
npon3XOfl l/l6paxnM h 6 h fkyõ a no BpeMe Ha TtproBCKHTe
eu oÕHKonKH H3 EBpona cpeiflHan b homckhh rpafl Marfle-
6ypr 6tnrapcKH npaTeHHflH, kohto OTHBann Ha ayflHeHflHH
npn HMnepaTopa Ha CBefleHaTa PnMcxa HMnepnn O toh I.
TtnxyBaHeTO Ha TOBa H3BecTHe e HanpaBeHO ot Bacnn
3naTapcKH h npneMaHO ot noBeneTo yneHH, a HMeHHO,
Me TOBa flnnnoMaTHMecKO c6nn>KeHHe Me>Kfly õtnrapn h
HeMflH 6nno HacoMeHO cpeifly MaflwapHTe, kohto onycTO-
luaBann npe3 T03H nepnofl TBtpfle 3 kthbho BanxaHCKHfl
nonyocTpoB. ToecT õtnrapcKHHT qap rierbp Ttpcen ctK>3-
hhk cpeifly Mafl>KapHTe b nnueTO Ha O toh I, kohto ycnan
fla rn pa30ne npe3 955 roflHHa. flann T33H mhcha Ha õ tn ­
rapHTe e ycnnna e HeH3BecTHO, ho c6nn>KeHHeTO Me>Kfly
õtnrapn h Maflwapn b T03H nepnofl MO>Ke 6 h 03HaMaBa,
Me 6tnrapcKaTa flnnnoMaflHfi He e ycnnna c HeMflHTe h e
noTtpcnna flpyro peweHne Ha Btnpoca103.
102 TouieB, M b . C T apo õtn rapcK H maroriMMecKn n KnpnncKM Hafl-
nncM. C., 1961, CTp. 7 7 -7 9 ; no3eneB, B. flo6pyiPKaHCKHi)T Haflnnc n
CbõMTMHTa b B t n r a p n a npe3 9 4 3 roflMHa. - B: l4cTopnMecKH npem efl,
6, 1968, CTp. 4 0 -4 8 ; E o w h j io b , M b . HaflnM Cvr Ha wynaH flMMMTbp o t
9 4 3 roflMHa (TeopMM m cfcaKTM). - B: H3BecTna Ha OKpt)KHMB mctopm-
necKM Myaefi m BtnrapcKO To HCTopMHecKO flpywecTBO - rpafl T on6y-
xmh, 1, 1973, CTp. 3 7 -5 7 .
103 3naTapcKn, B. MsBecTneTO Ha H6paxM M -M 6H-Fky6a 3a 6 b n -
rapMTe ot 9 6 5 roflMHa. - B: 3naTapcKM, B. H36paHM npoM3BefleHMB,
t. 2. C., 1984, CTp. 7 0 -8 8 ; no3eneB, B. BtnrapcKMTe npaTeHHHecTBa
npM repiwaHCKMB MMnepaTop O toh I b M arfleõypr (965) m b KBeflnMHÕ-

42
 Btnrapo-BuaaHTMMCKMTe OTHoweHnn no BpeMe Ha
MMpa Me>Kfly Btnrapnn h Bn3aHTnn 6nnn TBtpfle cjio>khh,
HO BtnpeKH HHKOH OTpHLjaTenHH BBJieHHB, KOHTO TO3acTpa-
LuaBanH Mnpvr opennn flocia npoAtnwHTenHO BpeMe. í"lo
BpeMeTO Ha HMnepaTop PoMaH I JlaKanHH T03H mhp 6nn
6e3o6naHeH, BtnpeKH noHHKora TBtpfle npoTHBopeHHBa-
Ta nojiHTHKa Ha BH3aHTHHL|HTe, KaKtBTO e cjiynanT Ha ot-
penBaHeTO Ha cptõcKnn khh3 HecnaB ot BnacTTa Ha B tn -
rapnn, H3I4HJ10 noflKpeneHO ot Bn3aHTnn. Heujo noBene,
Me>Kfly BJiafleTencKHTe flBopoBe Ha Btnrapnn h BnsaHTnn
papnna 6e3npeL|efleHTHa 6jih30ct. H3BopnTe cnoMeHaBaT
3a necTH noceLMeHHfl Ha 6i>nrapcKaTa papnpa Mapnn-
MpHHa JlaKanHHa npn CBOHTe poahhhh b KoHCTaHTHHonon.
KaTO nocneflHOTO ce AaTi/ipa kbm 931 roAHHa, Mamo cneA
CMtprra Ha 6ama n XpncTocfciop. LlapnpaTa npncTnmana
B t B BM3aHTMHCKaTa CTOnHLja 3aeflHO c TpHTe CH A$ua n
6njia noneTeHa h oÕAapeHa õoraTo ot A^flo eu Pombh Jla-
KanHH104. CneA CMtpTTa Ha Pombh I JlaKanHH npe3 945 ro-
AHHa Ha BH3aHTHHCKHHT npecTon ce Kannn 3aKOHHHBT Ha-
cneAHHK KoHCTaHTHH VII BarpeHopoAHH. M npe3 HeroBOTO
ynpaBneHHe Mnpvr 6nn 3ana3eH. HnMa ashhh 3a npoTH-
BopeHHn no BpeMe Ha ynpaBneHneTO Ha to3h BH3aHTHHCKH
BnaAeTen. KaTO H3KnioMHM cSntcbpHTe c apaõnTe, KoH­
CTaHTHH VII npeAnoHHTan Aa boah MnpHa nonnTHKa n õnn
B Mnp c tc ctceAHTe cn, KaKTo H c no-AaneHHHTe HapoAH105.
Te3H OTHOLueHnn ce 3ana3nnn n npn HacneAHHicbT Ha KoH­
CTaHTHH VII, PoMaH II (959-963). flpn BcrbnBaHeTO cn Ha

ypr (973). - B: Civitas Divino-Humana. C6opHMK b necT Ha npo<£ecop

Teoprn BaKanoB. C., 2004, CTp. 385-389.
104 ripofltJDKMTenBT Ha TeocjjaH - THBM, t. 5, 1964, cip. 138;
ripoA'bnjKHTejiHT Ha Teopm MoHax - TMBH, t. 6, 1965, CTp. 152-
153; 3/iaTapcKM, B. McTopnB Ha 6tnrapcKaTa fltpwaBa npea Cpefl-
HMTe BeKOBe, t. 1, h. 2. C., 2002, CTp. 535-536.
105 O c T p o r o p c K H , r. H cT opM B H a B M aaH T H ÍícK aT a A tp > K aB a. C.,,
6e3 r. M., cip. 373-374.

43
n p ecT o na , t o íí M 3npaTnn flo B n a fle T e n m e Ha ..B tn ra p n a n
Ha 3 a n a flH m e h M3TOHHHTe H apofln cb o h npnsiTencKH n o c-
naHMH. B c h h k h H 3Ka3ann S n a ro n o w e n a H n n 3a m acTneTO n
npMHTenCTBOTO C T03H CaMOflBp>Kei4 H nOTBBpflHJlH n p n n -
T e n c K m e flo r o B o p n "106. B t n p e K n Te3n noTBbp>KfleHHH Ha
flo ro B o p a c B b n r a p n n , H3rne>Kfla, 6i>nrapo-BM 3aHTHíícKHTe
OTHomeHMB npH KoHCTaHTHH VII H P o M a H II 6 n n n Bene 3Ha-
H m e n H O o x n a flH e n n . ripoTHBopeM HHTa Mex<fly B b n r a p n n h
BH3aHTHH 3a KOHTpOJia Hafl C l.p 6 H B , KaKTO H npOTHBOpe-
Hi/iB3Ta noriHTHKa Ha flBeTe flt p w a B n c n p a M o M a/pxapnTe
n TexHHTe Ham ecTBMH 3 a c T p a iu a B a n o Muipa, h o B tn p e K H
TOBa t o íí c e 3 a n a 3 n n . B T03H n e p n o fl c e fla T n p a n C M b p r ra
Ha 6 t n r a p c K a T a u a p n u a M a p n n - H p n H a Jlaxan n H a . HnaBHn
n3TOHHHfln 3a c b õ n T n n T a n pe3 50-T e n 6 0-T e roflnHn Ha
X BeK c a C K n n n p a -K e flp n H n 1/loaH 3 o H a p a . C K n n n u a -K e fl-
pnH nnrn e cneflHOTo:
..rieTtp, flapBT Ha e tn r a p n T e , B b 3 o 6 H O B n n M n p a Befl-
H ara cn e fl C M b p r r a Ha >KeHa on n CKntonnn flo ro B o p c hm-
n ep aTop nTe, KaTo fla n 3a 3ano>KHni4n n co6cTBeH H Te cn
cnH O Be B o p n c n P o M a H . He cn e fl f lt n r o t o íí n oH H H an”107.
C B e fle H n n T a Ha l/loaH 3 o H a p a He c e p a 3 n n n a B a T m h o -
ro o t T e sn Ha C x n n n fla -K e flp n H n cb o 6 ifla B a T :
„M T t ii npeflBO flnTennT Ha 6 t n r a p n T e rierbp, cn e fl
KaTo y iu p n n a H eroBaTa >KeHa, noflH O Bnn flo ro B o p a c p o M e n -
Te n fla n cnHO BeTe cn B o p n c n P o M a H 3a s a n o K H n f ln ”108.
TtnKyBaHeTO n flaTnpaHeTO Ha Te3n ctõnTnn e TBtp-
fle cno>KeH Btnpoc. Oifle 3naTapcxn Hanara CBoeTO MHe-
Hne, ne CMbprra Ha GtnrapcxaTa uapnfla n flaBaHera Ha
Bopnc n PoMaH KaTo 3ano>KHHi4H TpnÕBa fla ce flaTnpa
npes 963 roflnHa. Ta3n y6efleHOCT nflBa o t CBefleHneTO
Ha CKnnnfla-KeflpnH, k o ííto n ocT aB n CKnioHBaHeTO Ha flo-

106 n p tw b J D K M T e n flT H a T eocfjaH - THBH, t. 5, 1964, C Tp. 139.

107 THEM, t. 6, 1965, CTp. 257.
108 THEM, t . 7, 1968, CTp. 178.

44
roBopa BeflHara cnefl CM tprra Ha õtnrapcKaia papnpa,
KaTO cnoMeHaBa h ne TOBa CTaHano npH „MMnepaTopMTe“.
Te3n HMnepaTopH HHMa kom fla 6tflaT flpym ocBeH BacM-
n m II h KoHdaHTHH VIII, k o h t o ynpaBnymanM cnefl CMtp-
u a Ha PoMaH II nofl pereHTCTBOTO Ha MaHKa mm Teoc|DaHO.
T h x h o t o ynpaBneHMe npeflM MflBaHeio Ha BnacT Ha Hmkm-
cf)op II OoKa ce flaTMpa Me>Kfly 15 MapT m 16 aBrycT 963
roflMHa. CneflOBaienHO noflHOBHBaHeTO Ha floroBopa m M3-
npaLflaHeio Ha Bopnc m PoMaH «aio 3ano>KHMpM Tpn6Ba
fla 6tfle nocTaBeHO b T03M nepMOfl. 3naiapcKM, KaKTO m
hhkom flpyrM yneHM nocTaBH b c tifla ia roflMHa m C M tp n a
Ha 6tnrapcKaTa papnpa MapMn-MpMHa JlaKanMHa109. Cno­
pefl flpyrM yneHM He Mowe c ntnHa t o h h o c t fla ce yTOHHM
roflMHaia Ha CM tprra Ha õtnrapcKaia papnpa. fl>KOHaiaH
LUenapfl HaM-o6ipo n nocTaBH b HananoTO Ha 60-Te roflMHM
Ha X BeK110. Ctm btdH PtdHcm m bh h nocTaBH npea 965 roflM­
Ha, 6e3 fla o6ncHnBa 3aipo111. UMa m m hohm h, k o m to M3-
pnno ce ctMHHBaT b CBefleHMma Ha CKMnnpa-KeflpMH m
l/loaH 3oHapa 3a 60-Te roflMHM Ha X BeK, cm htbm km m 3a
MHTepnonapMn112.
K o h to m fla e 6 M n a roflMHaTa Ha C M tp T T a Ha 6 b n ra p -

109 3 jia T a p c K M , B . McTopua Ha õtnrap cK aT a fltp w aB a npe3

CpeflHMTe BeKOBe, t. 1, h. 2. C., 2002, cip. 569; AH acTacM jeBufi,
fl. XpoH onornja MaaLUMrbahba Bopwca II m PoM aH a y TanaiuTBo Ha bm-
3aHTMCKM flBop. - B: fnacHHK CKoncKor HayHHor flpyniTBa, kh. 2, cb.
1-2, 1927, cip. 1 3 5 -1 3 7 ; MyTac|3MHeB, n. M ctopmb Ha StnrapcKM a
Hapofl 6 8 1 -1 3 2 3 . C., 1986, CTp. 217; McTopna Ha 5-bnrapme, t. 1. C.,
2 0 0 3 (H3flaTencTBO ..Tpyfl"), CTp. 279.
110 UJenapA, f l * . HecnoKoPiHM ctceflH. B-bnrapo-BM3aHTHíícKa
KOHCjjpOHTaMMB, OÕMeH H Cb>KMTenCTBO npe3 CpeflHMTe BeKOBe. C.,
2007, cip. 161.
111 P -b H C H M a H , C t . HCTOpMB Ha ritp B O T O ÕbTITapCKO UapCTBO.
C „ 1993, CTp. 154.
112 E o w m jio b , M b.; rK)3eneB, B. HcTopnn Ha Btnrap H a, t . 1 -
McTopkm Ha cpeflHOBeKOBHa Bt.nrapnfl V II—X IV BeK. C., 1999, CTp.
2 9 4 -2 9 5 , 305, 6en. 25.

45
C K a ia p a p n f la M a p n n -M p n H a J la K a n n H a 6 b n ra p o -B H 3aH -
T m / ic K H T e O T H O L u e H M f l c e n p o M e H H T f lp a c T M M H o c n e f l H e n .
M a p n n -l/ Ip n H a J la K a n n H a ce HBPBana, K a io ra p a H T Ha
M H p a , n o fln n c a H n p e 3 9 2 7 ro flH H a . C n e f l C M b p r r a n M n p v r
ocTaBan 6 e3 ra p a H T . H B H 3 a H T n n flH T e nocTaBnnn ycno-
Bw eTO K a io HOBa ra p a H flw n Ha M npa fla 6 b fla T M3 n p a ie -
H H K a T O 3 a n O > K H H flH B o p n c H PoM aH , CHHOBeTe H npeCTO -
n o H a c n e flH H flm e Ha pap r ie r b p . E v n ra p cK H H T B n a f le T e n
n B H O e n p o fl-b n w a B a n fla f lb p w n n 3 K n K )M H T e n H O M H o ro Ha
M H p a c B H 3 a H T H n , 3 a if lO T O c e c b r n a c H B a H a t 3 3 h c r b n x a h
n p a if la C H H O B e T e c h b K o H C T a H T H H o n o n 113.
B a > K e H cjD a K T o p b 6 b n r a p o - B H 3 a H T n n c K H T e O T H o w e H n n
npe3 T0 3 H n p o fl-b n > K H T e n e H MHpeH n e p n o fl 6 nn o h p a 3-
npocTpaH eH H eTO Ha 6 o ro M H n cT B O T O . E e 3 n p e fle fle H T H O T O
p a3npocTH paH e H a T3 3 H e p e e , k o p to KaTo 3a p a 3a o 6xBa-
H a n a h E b n r a p n n , h B n 3 a H T n n , n p H H y f ln n o f la p r ie r b p fla
T b p c H c t B e T a H a K O H C T a H T H H o n o n c K n n n a T p n a p x T e o c jD H n -
aKT. 3 a n a 3 e H O e n n c M O H a K O H C T a H T H H o n n o c K n n n a T p n a p x
T e o c fc n n a K T (9 3 3 - 9 5 6 ) flo S b n r a p c K n n p a p r ie r b p , b K o e T O
c e o è n c H n B a c b i f l H o c t r a H a e p e c T a 114. B T 3 3 H B p b 3 K a e h h -
TepeceH B b n p o c v r 3 a L f lo f l a p r i e r b p c e o õ p b if la K b M koh-
C T a H T H H o n o n c K H fl n a T p n a p x , a H e T b p c n c b fle n c T B n e T O H a
õtn rap cK n n naTpnapx, ko h to n o H e c n o p e f l n o B e n e T O y -ie -
hh e H3 6 paH cn e fl M n p a o t 92 7 ro flH H a . T o B a Kapa 1/ l B a H
C H e r a p o B fla c e y c b M H H b paBH onocTaBeH O TO nono>KeHne
M e x < f ly S t n r a p c K n n naTpnapx n KOHCTaH TH HononcKnn na-

113 3 n a T a p c K M , B. M cTopnn Ha B tn ra p cK a T a Abpw aBa npe3

C p e f l H m e B e K O B e , t. 1 , h. 2 . C ., 2 0 0 2 , CTp. 5 6 9 .
114 B t n r a p c K n n p e B O A H a n n c M O T o n p n 3 n a T a p c K M , B. H cto -
p n « H a õ t n r a p c K a T a A b p w a B a n p e 3 C p e A H m e B e K O B e , t. 1, m. 2 . C .,
2 0 0 2 , C Tp . 8 4 0 - 8 5 0 m A H r e n o B , E ., llp u M O B , E ., S a T a K j m e B , T. E o -
ro M M n c T B O T O b B t n r a p n a , B n 3 a H T n a m 3 a n a A H a E B p o n a b H 3 B o p n . C .,
1 9 6 7 , C Tp. 4 1 - 4 6 . H H T e p e c H H H a 6 j n o A e H M e B t p x y T a 3 n K o p e c n o H A e H -
A M B A a s a m M in c z e w , G e o r g i . R e m a r k s o n t h e L e t t e r o f t h e P a t r ia r c h
T h e o p h y l a c t t o T s a r P e t e r in t h e C o n t e x t o f C e r t a in B y z a n t i n e a n d
S l a v i c A n t i - h e r e t i c T e x t s . - In: S t u d i a C e r a n e a , 3 , 2 0 1 3 , p p . 1 1 3 - 1 3 0 .

46
T p n ap x, CMHTaÊíKM, Me p a p n e r b p c e e o 6 b p H a n 3a cb B e T
KbM TeocjDnnaKT 3apaflM no-BMCW Mn M y ca H n p e fl T03M Ha
õ tn r a p c K H H n aT p w ap x115. B t n p o c b T e cn o p e H , ho MO>Ke fla
ce npeflnono>KM, ne K O H CTaH TM H ononcKaia x a ie flp a , K a ra
3H aH m eriH O n o - c ia p a o t õ b Jira p cK a T a e M M a n a n o B e n e
onHT npn cnpaBA H eTO c H O B m e ep e cM h 3aTO Ba fla p n e r b p
TbpCM ObfleííCTBHeTO M.
ripe3 o b ifla ia 963 roflMHa npocnaBeHMHT e m a m m -
ckm ntriKOBOflefl Hmkmc|dop O o x a ce >KeHM 3a M M nepaipMfla
TeocjDaHo m noeM a KOHTpona Hafl MMnepMflTa nofl mmcto
HmkmcJdop II O oxa. B HananoTO Ha ynpaBneHMeTO cm tom
e TBtpfle 3aeT c apa6MTe m 3ana3Ba MMpa c E tn ra p n n .
H o KbM Kpaa Ha 60-Te roflMHM Ha X Bex cnefl ycneujHMTe
M y KaMnaHMM b M a n a A3ma m pa3rpoM a Ha apaÕMTe no-
no>xeHMeTO ce npoMeHn flpacTMMHO. H acT b nB a KOHcjDnMKT,
rnaBHO 3apaflM 6bnrapo-Mafl>KapcKMnT cb(03, no rb p ne B -
ina o t komto e BM3aHTMn. ToBa flOBe>Kfla flo HeM36e>KeH
kohcJjhmkt m flo pa3BannH e Ha MMpa, npofltnw M n flenM ne-
TMpM fleceTMneTMfl116.

115 C H e r a p o e , M b. r i t p B a i a 6 tn ra p cK a naTpnapiumi. - B: To-

flmuHMK Ha C o <£mm ckmh yHMBepcHTeT. BorocnoBCKM cfDaKynTeT, 26,
1 9 4 8 - 1 9 4 9 , CTp. 25.
116 O c T p O rO p C K M , r. klCTOpMH H a BM3 aHTM ÍÍCKaTa flbp>KaBa. C.,
5ea r. m., CTp. 3 7 6 -3 8 3 .

47
 I71ABA TPETA

PA3BAJ1HHE HA O TH O W EH HflTA
M E ^ y B 'b J lT A P m H BH 3A H TH B
H UOXOffbT HA K H EBC K H fl KHB3
CBETO C/IAB B B 'b J l T A P m ___
C M flB aH e T O Ha BM3aHTMMCKMH npecTon Ha H mkm-

cjDop II <t>OKa n p e 3 9 6 3 ro flM H a, 6 b n ra p o -B M 3 a H T M M C K M T e

O T H o m e H M fl H aB n e 3 JiM b KanecTBeH O hobo hmbo Ha pa3BM -
TMe. H e o 6 x o f l M M O d T a H a BM3aHTMMCKMfi M M n e p a T o p fla
ce cnpaBM n b p B O c apaÕ M Te, komto 3 a n n a iiiB a n M M a n a
A3M n ro n p M H y flM Jia M 3 m e > K fla n t p B O H a n a j iH O fla n p o -
flbn>KM fla n o flfltp > K a M M p a c E b n r a p M n . M e > K fly B p e M e H -
HO M BM 33HTM M CKMTe XpO HM CTM C n O M e H a B a T M H T e p e c e H
e n M 3 0 fl, komto n o K a s B a K a K B a 6 n n a B C b iflH O C T e flH a ot
o c H O B H M T e npMHMHM 3 a n o -K b C H M B p a 3 p M B B 6 b n r a p o - B M -
33HTM M CKMTe OTHOLUeHMiR.
1/loaH 3 o H a p a onMCBa pa3BM TM eTO Ha H e ifla T a b Kpan
Ha 6 0-T e roflMHM Ha X BeK no cneflHMSR HaMMH:
„K oraT O TypKM Te - C M pen y rp M T e - o n y c T o m a B a n M T p a -
KMMCKMTe o õ n a c T M , M M n e p a T o p H mkmc^ o p nM can Ha 6 t n -
rapcK M fi f la p fla H e m n y c K a fla n p e M M H a B a T f ly H a B a m fla
o n y c T o iu a B a T p o M e iic K a T a f lb p w a B a . A tom He n o c n y w a n ,
K aT o K a 3 a n : ..KoraTO Te B O fO B a x a c p e if ly H a c, npM B e e n e 6 e
noBMKaH ot H a c, tm H e n o w e n a fla hm flO M fle w H a n o M O ifl.
M c e r a , KoraTO n o npM Hy>KfleHM e HMe cxniO M M XM e c b io 3
c t h x , tm hm K a p a n i f la H a p y n iM M f lo r o B o p a , f la B flM m e M
opb>KM e c p e if ly tax m f la 3 a n o H H e M 6 e3 n p M H M H H a B O M H a.“
f lp o H e e , c n e f l K aT o n o n y H M n o t k 33 o t t h x , H m k m c Jd o p M3-
n p a T M n n p a T e H M flM npM KH5R3a H a P y c M n C B e T o c n a B , KaTO

48
rn noflTUKBan cpemy et/irapm e”117.
KaKTO BM>KflaMe o t npHBefleHHH H3Bop, n p u n n H aia
3a CKbCBaHeTO Ha npMfiTejicKHTe h c i >k )3 h h oTHoweHHn
Mex<fly B tn ra p H H h Bn3aHTMfl 6 h j i h MaflwapcKHTe Haõe-
3H, k o h t o 6 h j ih nponycKaHH np es õ tn ra p c K a TepnTopna,
3a fla onycTOLuaBaT BM3aHTniícKHTe BnafleHHn. H3me>Kfla,
ne cnefl 963 roflHHa, KoraTO Ha TpoHa f lo w t n H h k h c Jd o p II
OoKa, u a p rie T tp e n o rb p c n n noMoifl o t BH3aHTHHflHTe,
h o cnefl OTKa3a h m ce npHHyflnn fla c io il o h h cbio3 c Ma-
A>KapHTe H fla rn nponycKa npe3 TepHTopnnTa Ha B t n r a -
pnn B y ifltp 6 Ha BH3aHTHn. Ho ocBeH Ta3H npHHHHa MO>Ke
fla ce nocoHH h HapacTBaHeTO Ha cnnaTa Ha BnaaHTHn no
TOBa BpeMe. H h k h c }d o p II cpoKa 6 n n H3BecTeH h TanaHTnHB
ntnKOBOfleiJi oifle no BpeMeTO Ha KoHCTaHTHH VII BarpeHO-
poflHH H PoM aH II. ycneiiJHHTe My noxoflH cpeLfly apaÕHTe
B tp H a n n MHO>KecTBO TepHTopHH Ha BH3aHTHH. ToBa npo-
fl-bn>KHno H cnefl k b t o CTaHan HMnepaTop. Mo>Ke 6 h cnefl
TOBa H3flnraHe Ha BH3aHTnn h yKpenBaHeTO Ha MOLflTa
H, M H ptT c B tn ra p H n H3rne>Kflan Bene TBtpfle ocTapnn
H HeHy>KeH? M ow e 6 h BtnpeKH ycnnnn T a Ha uap rie rb p
fla naB H pa Mex<fly CBOHTe HHTepecn h HHTepecHTe Ha b h -
3aHTHHflHTe, BH3aHTHHflHTe B KpaííHa cMeTKa ca pem nnn
fla onHTaT fla nonynaT no-ronnM a H3rofla, k b t o noflHOBAT
BoeHHHTe fleiiCTBHn cpeLfly B tn ra p n n , H3non3BanKH H3nn-
TaHaTa TaKTHKa fla noflKynBaT ceBepHHTe HapoflH, b cny-
nan B nnfleTO Ha khbbckhh kha3 C B e T o c n a B ? H3BopHTe,
c k o h t o pa3nonaraM e b HacToniflnn m o m c h t , He h h flaBaT
b id 3 m o >k h o c t fla npeflnonaraM e noBene.
r i o C B e fle H H H T a H a B H 3 a H T H H C K H T e X p O H H C T H JTbB f l n -
KOH118, C K H n n f l a - K e f lp H H 119 h l/loaH 3 o H a p a 120 c t Õ H T H H T a
ot 6 0 - T e roflH H H H a X B e K M o r a T f la õ t f l a T n o f lp e f le H H n o
117 THEM , T. 7, 1968, CTp. 179.
118 THEM , T. 5, 1964, CTp. 2 4 6 -2 5 1 .
119 THEM , T. 6, 1965, CTp. 257; 259.
120 THEM , T. 7, 1968, CTp. 1 7 8 -1 7 9 .

49
CneflHMfl H3HMH!
• rincMO Ha õtnrapcKMfl flap lle rb p flo H mkmcJdop II c
M on6a 3a noMOLfl cpem y MaflwapcKMTe HawecTBMn.
• O t k 33 Ha BM3aHTMMCKMfl HM nepaiop H mkhc|dop II Ha
T03H npH3MB Ha ÕtJirapCKHB flap.
• CKHJOHBaHe Ha floroBop Me>Kfly 6t n r a p n h Maflwa-
pw, cnefl k o m t o M a flM o p m e 6 nnn nponycKaHM c b o -
6 oflHO npe3 6 tn ra p c K a T a TepMTopMn.
• M3roHBaHeTO Ha 6tnrapcKMTe npaTeHMflM ot MMne­
paTop H mkmcJdop II OoKa, komto OTMLunM fla MCKaT
fltnwMMMfl roflMineH flaHtK no floroBopa ot 927 ro­
flMHa.
• rioxofl Ha HMKMCjDOp II <t>OKa B TpaKMfl.
• flpOTeCT Ha BM33HTMMCKMfl MMnepaTOp HMKMCjDOp 11
cpeifly CBOÕoflHOTO nponycKaHe Ha Mafl>KapMTe
npe3 è tnrap cK a TepMTopMn.
• lloflKynBaHe Ha KMeBCKMfl KHn3 CBeTocnaB o t b m -
3aHTMMflMTe M ntpBMAT M y noxofl b EtnrapMH.
rilapBMTe MeTMpM CbÕMTMfl HaM-BepOBTHO TpnÕBa fla
6tfla T flaTMpaHM k t >m HananoTO Ha 60-Te roflMHM Ha X BeK.
U40 ce OTHacn flo B tn p o c a Kora npMCTMraT 6tnrapcKM Te
napTeHMflM b KoHCTaHTMHonon m Kora ca M3roHeHM, tom
cTaBa T Btpfle cnoweH. J lt B flnKOH CBMfleTencTBa:
„floKaTO MMnepaToptT 6Mn 3aeT c TOBa, npM Hero
flomnM npaTeHMflM Ha MM3MTe m M y Ka3anM, ne TexHMHT
rocnoflap MCKa oÕMHaMHMn flaHtK m 3aTOBa tm e M3npaTMn
cera npM Hero. Tom nnaMHan ot thbb npoTMBHO Ha naema
cm (3aiflOTO KaTo HOBeK c TBtpfl xapaKTep He ce noflqa-
Ban necHO Ha mnB) m, HflocaH M3BtH Bcnxa Mnpxa, Ka3an
c no-BMCOK ot o6MKHOBeHMn cm rnac: „rio3opHO e cera 3a
poMeMTe, axo Te, komto noõeflMxa c opt>KMe bcmhkm cbom
npoTMBHMflM, Tpn6Ba fla nnaiflaTflaHtK Kara po6m Ha eflMH
6efleH m npM TOBa npe3p«H ckmtckm Hapofl." Cnefl TOBa ce
o Stp H a n KtM CBon poflMTen Bapfla, komto 3aceflaBan b

50
TOBa BpeMe c Hero, noHe>Ke 6nn n p oBtam aceH 3a Kecap, h
ro 3 a n m an b HefloyMeHMe: „KaKBO 03HanaBa c t6 n p a H e io
Ha T03M flaKbK, KOMTO MM3MTe H3HCKBaT o t poMeMTe? fla
He on Me poflHii po6, 6e3 caM fla 3Haeuj? I/I a3, CBeTeii-
lu m b t poMeíícKH MMnepaTop, fla 6 tfla noflBiiacTeH Ha Hai/i-
õeflHHH m npe3p«H Hapofl, KaTo My nnam aM flaHt>K.“ Cnefl
TOBa 3anoBflflan fla Ha6nnT npaTeHMflMTe h mm Ka3an:
^ t p B e T e cm m o6afleTe Ha BaniMn rocnoflap, oõneMeHMn
b KO>Kyx KO>KorpM3eL|: „BceBnacTHMnT m BenMK poMeiicKM
MMnepaTop Lfle flOMfle BeflHara b CTpaHaTa tm m m e tm nna-
tm flenMH flaHtK; Taxa me ce HayHMin tm, TpM>KflM po6 no
npafleflM, fla npM3HaBaw sa rocnoflapM poMeíícKMTe Bna-
fleTenM, a He fla MCKain flaH tK o t t h x xaTO o t p o 6 m “. C Te3M
flyMM t o í í tm M3npaTMn fla ce BtpHaT b CTpaHaTa cm ...”121
T o B a CbÕ M TM e T pyflH O M o w e f la c e f la T M p a c t o h h o c t .
n p e 3 nHTOTO H a 9 6 5 roflM H a BM33HTMMCKMTe BOMCKM n o -
C T M m a n M p e u jM T e n e H y c n e x c p e m y a p a Õ M T e , n p e B 3 e M a íí-
KM r p a f l T a p e . T o B a f lO B e n o flo TpnyM cf) b KoHCTaHTM Honon,
k o m to 6 M n O T n p a s H y B a H n p e 3 fln n a T a 3 M M a H a 9 6 5 - 9 6 6
roflM H a. B p a 3 ra p a Ha npa3H eH CTBaTa npM C T M m an a m 3 n o-
n o n y H H a T a e t n r a p c x a f le n e r a p M n , k o h t o 6 n n a M 3 roH e H a
n o T o n x o B a yH M 3M TeneH HaHM H122.
B n O C n e flB a n M T e CbÕMTMfl BM33HTMMCKMTe XpOHMCTM

121 riMBM, t. 5, 1964, CTp. 2 4 6 -2 4 7 .

122 3naTapcKM, B. McTopnn Ha õtn rap cK a ia fltpw aBa npe3
CpeflHMTe BeKOBe, t. 1, h. 2. C., 2002, cip. 570, npepnanpa flaTnpoB-
Kaia npe3 n p o n e u a Ha 966 roflHHa; MyTacjiHMeB, n. Mctophh Ha 6t>n-
rapcKHH Hapofl 6 8 1 -1 3 2 3 . C., 1986, CTp. 2 1 7 -2 1 8 , npneMa, ne TOBa
cb6nTne ce e cnynnno b Kpaa Ha 96 6 roflHHa; P bH cnM aH , Ct. H c -
Topi/ia Ha ribpBOTO 6bnrapcKO papcTBO. C., 1993, cip. 154, npneMa,
He TOBa c b õ m n e ce e cnynnno Han-o6Lflo npe3 sn M a ia Ha 9 6 5 - 9 6 6
roflHHa, 6e3 fla yTOHHHBa tohho Kora. ToBa ce npneMa n ot Eommjiob,
Mb, rK>3eneB, B. McTopna Ha Btnrapna, t. 1 - McTopnn Ha cpeflHOBe-
KOBHa B tn ra p n a V II—X IV b.. C., 1999, cip. 295, k3kto n ot Hukojiob,
A. rionnTnnecKa M n ctn b paHHoepeflHOBeKOBHa B tn ra p n a (cpeflaTa
Ha IX BeK - Kpaa Ha X BeK). C., 2006, CTp. 280.

51
J lt B flflK O H m C K n n n u a - K e f lp u H f la B a T flo n 3 B e c m a c i e n e H
p a 3 H o n o c o M H M c B e fle H U fl. JIb b fln x o H c n e f l M3rc>HBaHeTO
H a 6 t> n rap cK M T e n p a T e H M flM n p o f l t n w a B a f la o n w c B a c b -
6 m n f i T a n o c n e flH M fl HaMMH:
a nocne c floõpe noflroTBeHa b o m c io Tptm an Ha
n o xo fl c p e ifly M H 3 m e h n p e B 3 e n c oifle n tp B O H a n a fle -
HHe 6nn3KHTe flo poM eííC K aT a rpaHHfla KpenocTH. Ho KaTO
p a 3 m e fla n CTpaHaTa, M M ne p aT op Hmkmc{)op BMflnn, ne t a
e oSüJM pH a M c T p t M H a c ip a H a (3aiflOTO, fla c e M3pa3MM
noeTMHecKM, b CTpaHaTa Ha MM3MTe „3nMHM B t p x y 3nMHM
B p t x n M T a i"; TaM TecHMHM M n ponacT M c e peflyBaT c ropM
M xp acT an aflM , a c n e fl t b x n t K MflaT ycoM m M onypM ifla;
CTpaHaTa e M 3BtH peflH O 6 o ra T a c boam, m hoto ropMCTa m
o rp a fle H a OTBpefl c HenpoxoflM M M nnaHMHM; pa3nono>KeHa
e xp a íí X e M y c m P o flo n a m c e H a n o n B a o t roneM M pexM.
M M n e p a T o p HmkmcJdop, KaTO BMflnn TOBa, CMeTHan, n e He
TpnÕ Ba fla boam p a M e ííc K a T a B oíícK a b 6e3peflM e npe3
Te3M onacH M M ecTa, 3a fla He 6m fla n n p e flafle Ha MM3MTe
fla n M3KonnT KaTO flo6M TbK... 3aT O Ba tom p e w M n fla He ce
M 3nara Ha onacH O CT b H eflocT tnH M Te m onacH M M ecTa m
3aeflHO c BoíícKaT a cm c e B t p H a n B t B BM3aHTMOH."123
flo c T a no-pa3nMHHM CBefleHMn fla B a CKMnMfla-KeflpMH:
„B H eTB tpTaTa roflMHa o t flapyBaHeTO c m npe3 M e c e p
(OHM, 10-TM MHflMKTMOH (HMKMC|DOp) OTMW bn fla H3BeCTM
TpaKMíícKMTe rpaflO Be m KaTO C TM m an flo Tbíí HapeneHMH
TonBM OKon, n M c a n Ha nerbp, Bnafle T e n a Ha B b n ra p M n ,
fla He flo n y ifla TypKMTe fla npeM M H aBaT Mcrbp m fla o n y c -
TOinaBaT p oM eíícKM Te 3eMM.‘‘124
KaKTO BM>KflaMe o t npMBefleHMTe CBefleHMfl, b nMcaHO-
TO o t J lb B flflKOH ce roBopM 3a fleneHaconeH noxofl cpeifly
BtnrapMH, floxaTO b Tpyfla Ha CKMnMfla-KeflpMH ce cnoMe-
HaBa caMO 3a MMpHa o6MKonxa Ha BM3aHTMMCKMH MMne-

123 T M B M . t. 5, 1964, CTp . 247.

124 TH EM , T. 6, 1965, CTp. 259.

52
paTop U3 TpaKMiicKMTe My BJiafleHUfl. ritpBOTo cBefleHne
Ha JlbB flHKOH ce flaTnpa npe3 9 6 6 roflHHa, a b t o p o t o Ha
CKnanfla-KeflpnH npes 9 6 7 roflHHa. B c h h k h aBTopn npn-
eMaT, ne ropecnoMeHaTme CBefleHnn Ha flBaMaia b h 3 3 h -
t h h c k h nncaienn ce oTHacHT 3a eflHo n ctLflo ctõnTne.
Bacnn 3naiapcKn npneMa flainpoBKaia Ha JltB flnKOH125.
rioBeneio aBTopn oõane CBtp3BaT Te3n cb6mnH c 9 6 7 ro­
flHHa126. AHren H h k o j io b ntK npneMa cBefleHnnTa Ha C k h -
jiHfla-KeflpnH 3a m h p h h h t noxofl Ha H h k h c |d o p II cpoxa no
Bn3aHTnncKme Kpenocm b TpaKnn127. PycKnnT H3cneflOBa-
Ten l/lBaHOB ntK OTpnna, i o k b h t o n fla e BoeHHH flencTBnn
Ha HHKHcfrop II OoKa cpeifly õtnrapnTe b T03n nepnofl128.
Bacnn Ho3eneB n MBaH Bo>KnnoB He ce 3aeMaTfla npepn-
3npaT flainpoBKaia n pa3Bon Ha ct6nTnnia, onncaHn Ton-
KOBa paannHHO o t flBaMaTa BH3aHTnncKH xpoHncTn129. B t -
npocbT ocTaBa HenceH, Btnpexn, ne e HantnHO btjSmokho
fla CTaBa Btnpoc n 3a flBe paannnHn cbõnTnn onncaHn o t
JltB flHKOH n CKnnnfla-KeflpnH. KaKBara n fla e ncTnHaTa
3a Te3n ctÕHTnn, BH3aHTnncKHTe aBTopn ca KaTeropnHHH,
ne pa3BannHeTO Ha B3anMOTHOiiieHnnTa Me>Kfly BH3aHTnn-
pn n õtnrapn e floroBopvr Ha õtnrapcKnn BnafleTen c Ma-
A>«apnTe n nponyciOHeTO h m npe3 ÒtnrapcKa TepnTopnn

125 3 n a T a p c K M , B. McTopna H a õ t n ra p c K a ia fltp w aB a npe3

C peflHm e BeKOBe, t . 1, h . 2. C., 2002, d p . 572.
126 MyTacjDHHeB, n. H d o p n a Ha õtnrapcK H a Hapofl 6 8 1 -1 3 2 3 .
C., 1986, CTp. 218; E a / ia c n e B , T. B t n r a p m e npea nocneflHi/ue fleceT-
rofli/iLUHMHM HafleceTMH BeK. C., 1927, CTp. 5; T h bh b b , n. 3 a BOMHaia
Me>Kfly Bn3aHTna v\ Btnrap H H npes 977 r. - B: McTopnHecKH npemefl,
4, 1969, CTp. 8 7 -8 8 .
127 H m k o j io b , A. rionMTMHecKa M n c tri b paHHOcpeflHOBeKOBHa
Et/ irap u ã (cpeflaia Ha IX - Kpaa Ha X BeK). C., 2006, CTp. 2 8 0 -2 8 1 .
128 ktsaHOB, C. A. Bn3aHTHíícKO-6onrapcKne OTHOiueHnfl b 9 6 6 -
9 6 9 rr. - B: Bn3aHTHMCKHíí BpeMeHHMK, 42, 1981, CTp. 8 8 -1 0 0 .
129 Ecmkmhob, Hb., rio 3e n e B , B. H c t o p m b Ha B tn ra p n a , t . 1 -
McTopHB Ha cpeflHOBeKOBHa B-biirapMH V II—X IV BeK. C., 1999, d p .
2 9 5 -2 9 6 .

53
fla onycTOLLiaBaT BM3aHTMMC«MTe o6nacTM. B oiroBop Ha
Ta3H noriHTMKa BM3aHTMíícKMfiT MMnepaTop OTnpaBMn nHC-
MO flo õbnrapcKMH BnafleTen rieTtp fla npeycTaHOBM Te3M
fleíícTBMH, ho nojiyHHD 0TK33. ToraBa 6mi HaMeceH <£aKTO-
ptT CBeTocnaB, Koeio flOBeno flo 3HaHmenHn npoMeHM.
1/lHTepecHO e, ne JIbb Ahkoh eflHH ot Haii-noflpo6HHTe H3-
Bopn 3a Ta3m enoxa, He CBo6iflaBa 3a omcmoto Ha HmkmcJj-
op II Ooxa kbm õtJirapcKMH BnafleTen.
CKMJiMfla-KeflpMH o n n c B a cBÕMTMATa no cneflHMH Ha-
hmh:
„Ho noHe>Ke lleTBp He ro nocnyuian (3a yHrapume),
a OTKa3Ban nofl pa3JiHHHM npeflno3M, HmkmcJdop M3npaTMn
c m h b t Ha xepcoHCKMH ynpaBMTen - KanoKMp, xaio ro no-
nen c THTiia naTpMflMM, npw pycKMH khh3 CBeTocnaB, 3a
fla ro yõeflH c o6eiflaHnn 3a flapoBe h HeManKM nonecTM
fla npeflnpweMe noxofl cpeifly dtnrapme. Ilponee pycM-
Te ce CBrnacMnn h HaxnynM b EbnrapMH npe3 Mecefl aB-
rycT, 1 1 -tm MHflMKTMOH, B neTaTa roflMHa o t papyBaHeTO
Ha HmkmcJdop. Te pa3opMrm m h oto étrirapcKM rpaflOBe m
seMM m KaTo CB6panM rpaMaflHa nnnHKa, BtpHanM ce b
CTpaHaTa cm."130
l/loaH 3 o H a p a pa3K a3B a CBiflMTe c b õ m t m h :
..riponee, c n e fl KaTo n onyH M n OTKa3 o t t a x (6 b n ra p M -
Te), HmkmcJdop M3npaTMn npaTeHMflM npM KHH3a Ha PycM n
C B e T o c n a B , xaTO ro noflTMKBan c p e ifly 6bnrap M Te. 3aT O Ba
tom M3npaTMn b P y cM n KanoKM p, CMHa Ha xepcoHCKMH n p o -
TeBOH. V\ t b íí p y c x a B oiicK a n oT e rnM n a Ha n oxofl c p e ifly
õ tn ra p M T e m o n ycT O W M na ronnivia nacT o t CTpaHaTa mm m
o T K a p a n a OTTaM 6 e 3 6 p o iiH a nnnH Ka.“131
Haíí-noflpoÕHM cBefleHMn flaBa J Ib b A h k o h . Cnefl M3-
roHBaHeTO Ha ÕBnrapcKMTe npaTeHMflM t o íí onMCBa cb6m -
TMnTa Ta«a:

130 T M B U , t. 6, 1965, C Tp. 259.

131 THEM, t. 7, 1968, C Tp. 179.

54
 „ C n e f l TO Ba y q o c T o n n c h h h n a T p n fln n n H 3 B e cT H n n
K a n o x n p , 6 y e H n C M e n HOBex, n ro n 3 n p a i n n n p n T a B p o c x n -
TMTe, H a p u H a H M b o6w <H O BeH M fl r o B o p „ P o c “. T o n M y f la n
oKOJio n e T H a fle c e T K e m e H a p n n s n a i o , 3 a f la ro p a 3 n p e -
f le n n Me>Kfly t a x n f la rn c k j io h m f la o T H fla T b C T p a H a T a Ha
M M 3 m e , 3 a f la n 3aBna,qenT. K a n o x n p n o 6 t p 3 a n f la OTHfle
n p n T a B p o c K M T m e . .. f l o x a i o M M n e p a T o p t T c e 3 a H M M a B a n
C T e 3 M p a 6 o T M b C n p n n n B t B Bn 3 aH T M O H , n a T p n fln n K a n o ­
xnp, M 3 n p a ie H n p n T a B p o c K m m e n o f la p c x a B o n n , n p n c -
Tnm an b Ck m n n . Ton ce cn p n m e n n n c n p e f lB O f lm e n n Ha
T a B p m e , n o flx y n n n ro c n o f l a p t f l n , o n a p o B a n ro c n p n M a M -
n n B n o õ e if la H n n . .. n ro c x n o H n n f la n o T e r n n c r o n n M a b o í í -
c K a c p e if ly M M 3 m e . K a n o x n p M y n p e fln o > K n n , K a r a n o õ e f ln
M u s m e , f la 3 a B O K )B a C T p a H a T a n M n f la n n p m e > K a B a K a io
c B o e c o 6 c T B e H o B n a fle H n e , h o ( C B e i o c n a B ) f la M y n o M o r -
He c p e if ly p o M e m e , 3 a f la 3 a B 3 e M e f la p c x n n n p e c T o n n f la
n o n y n n B t p x o B H a T a B n a d b p o M e n c x a T a f l t p x o B a . Il p n
T O B a o 6 e if la n f la M y f la f le o t p a p c x a i a x a 3 H a r o n e M n n H e-
n 3 6 p o n M n c b x p o B m f la . K a i o n y n T e 3n fly M n , C B e i o c n a B . . .
He 6 n n b c b d o n H n e f la y f lt p w n n o p n B a cn . 0 6 3 e T o t H a -
fle>Kfln 3 a 6 oraTCTBO , T o n M e m a e n f la 3 a B n a f le e C T p a H a T a
H a M H 3 m e . I l p n TO Ba x a T o H O Be x n n a M e H e H n C M e n , c n n e H
n p e m m e n e H , t o íí n p n B n n x t n f l n n a i a M n a fle > x H a T a B p n -
T e 3 a T03n n o x o fl. 1/1 T b n t o íí c t 6 p a n B o iic x a o t w e c T f le -
c e T x n n n f ln x p a 6 p n B o iiH n fln , 6 e 3 H a e M H m e , n T p t m a n
c p e if ly M H3H Te 3 a e flH 0 c n a i p n f l n i i K a n o x n p , c xoroTO c e
c6nn>xnnn npe3 n p n m e n c T B O x a io c p o fle H 6paT. LLIom
n p e n n y B a n l/ lc r b p n B e n e c e r o T B n n fla c n e 3 e H a 6 p e r a ,
M H 3 m e p a 3 6 p a n n xaxB O C T a B a , c t 6 p a n n B o iic x a o t o x o n o
T p n fle c e T x n n n f ln fly n in n c e o n t J iH n n n c p e L fly H ero. 0 6 a -
ne T a B p m e C T p e M m e n H O ce c n y c H a n n ot n o flx m e n c H3-
f la fle H n H a n p e fl if lm o B e n c n 3 B a fle H n M e n o B e 3 a n o H H a n n
o t B c n n x n C T p a H n f la H 3 6 n B a T M n s m e . A M n 3 m e , x a T o He
M o r n n f la n o H e c a T f lo p n n n t p B n n H a n o p , c e o 6 t p H a n n b

55
6flrcTB0 i/i 6e3cnaBHo ce 3aTBopnnn b flopocTon... Ka3BaT,
ne b TOBa BpeMe BOKfltT Ha MH3me rierbp, 6ororno6nB
n flocTonoHTeH m b )k , onenaneH o t HeonaKBaHOTo 6arcTBO,
nonynnn ennnenTMneH yflap n KaTo npewMBsin oifle Manxo
BpeMe cnefl TOBa, HanycHan t o 3 h c b a t ."132
C B e f le H H e 3 a n t p B H f l n o x o fl H a K n e B C K n n kh h 3 C B e i o -
c n a B c e c b f l t p w a n b p y c x a i a n e i o n n c „ r io B e c T b B p e M e H -
Hbix n e i “. TaM c e c b o õ i f la B a , n e t o íí n p e B 3 e n 80 õ t n r a p -
c k m r p a f la n o f ly H a B n c e y c T a H O B H n b r ie p n c n a B e f l. Ho
ne H e H e 3 M T e H a n a f lH a n n K n e B n t o íí 6 n n n p H H y q e H f la c e
O T T e m n 133.
flaTHpoBKaTa Ha t o 3 m ntpBM noxofl Ha CBeTocnaB cpe-
LflyEbnrapnn e TBbpfle cnopeH Bbnpoc. Cnopefl CBefleHM-
nTa Ha CKMnnfla-KeflpMH roflMHaTa TpnOBa fla e 968-a, h o
cnopefl pycKMB neTonnc th e 967 roflMHa. H3cneflOBaTe-
nMTe ca ce pa3flenMnM Ha flBa narepa. EflHMTe npneMaT,
ne noxoflbT e npe3 967 roflMHa, flpyrMTe npe3 968 roflMHa.
3naTapcKM npneMa, ne noxoflvr e M3BbpweH b xpan Ha
nponerra m o m HananoTO Ha nnTOTO Ha 968 roflMHa134. Ka-
pMLLiKOBCKM npneMa, ne noxoflbT e M3BbpweH npe3 aBrycT
968 roflMHa135.
JleèefleB cbiflo cMBTa, ne nbpBMPT noxofl e npe3 aB-

132 T H BH , t. 5, 1964, C Tp. 2 4 7 -2 4 9 .

133 rioBecTb BpeMeHHbix neT, nepeBOfl fl. C. JlnxaneBa m B. A.
PoMaHOBa, T. 1. M.-Jl, 1950, CTp. 4 7 -4 8 .
13,1 3 /ia T a p c K M , B . HcTopna Ha õtnrapcKaTa fltpw aBa npe3
CpeflHMTe BeKOBe, t. 1, h. 2. C., 2002, d p . 577-578.
135 K ap b lU IK O B C K M M , Í1. O . BaJIKaHCKMe BOMHbl CBHTOCnaBa B
BM33HTMMCKOM MCTOpMHeCKOM HMTepaType. - B: BM33HTMMCKMM Bpe-
MeHHMK, 6, 1953, d p . 3 6 -7 1 ; K a p b iw K O B C K M ii, n.
O. O xpoH onornn
pyCCKO-BM3aHTMMCKOM BOMHbl npM CBflTOCTiaBe. -. B: BM3aHTMMCKMM
BpeMeHHMK, 5, 1952, CTp. 1 2 7 -1 3 8 ; K ap b iu iK O B C K M M , n.
O. K m c t o -
pMM õanxaHCKMX b o m h CBHTOcnaBa. - B: B m 3 3 h tm m c k m m BpeMeHHMK, 7,
1953, CTp. 2 2 4 -2 4 3 ; X a p b iiu K O B C K M M , n.
PyccKO-õonrapcKMe o t h o -
IlieHMB BO BpeMH Bam aHCKMX BOMH CBHTOCnaBa. - B: Bonpocbl MCTO-
pMM, 8, 1951, CTp. 1 0 1 -1 0 5 .

56
rycT 9 6 8 roflMHa136. Ha nofloÕHO MHeHMe e m T m x o m m p o b ,
komto ctLflo npMeM a, ne n o x o fltT c e e c b C T o n n npe3 9 6 8
roflMHa137. H anocneflt>K MHeHMeTo Ha KapMiiiKOBCKM c h o b m
flO K a 3 a ie n c T B a ce n o flkp en n m o t c p t >6c k m h M 3cneflOBa-
Ten C t p f l ^ a H riMpMBaTpMH138. rierbp MyTacjDnneB n p n e M a ,
ne n o x o fltT e M3B-bpiueH n p e s j ih t o t o Ha 9 6 7 roflMHa139.
Ha noflo6H O MHeHMe e n C T oyK C 140. B t n p o c t T ocT a B a Bee
oifle c n o p e H m 6e3 h o b m M3Bopn m flBeTe flaTM ocTaB aT He-
AOKa3yeMM.
KaKTO BMflHXMe o t npMBefleHMTe CBefleHnn, nnaH O Be-
Te Ha HMKMctDop II O o x a fla OManoMOLflM B t n r a p M n npe3
noM oiflTa Ha pycMTe n p e rb p n e n M n t n e H H e y c n e x cn e fl
npeflaTencTBOTO Ha KanoKM p. PycM Te c e n p e B t p H a n n b
H a n tn H O H e y n p a B n n e M cfsaKTop141.
B p a 3 ra p a Ha Te3M ctd6 m t m h G t n ra p c x a T a fln n n o M a -
flMn He o c T a B a n a õ e syn acT H a, a fle n c T B a n a T B tp fle 3 k t m b -
h o . E n M C K o n tT Ha K peM O H a JlnyTnpaH fl KaTo npaTeHMK b

136 JleõefleB, M. BoiiHbi CBBTOcnaBa I. - B: HcTopM4ecKMM wyp-

Han, 5, 1 9 3 8 , CTp. 4 7 -5 4 .
137 T m x o m m p ob , M . H. McTopMnecKMe c b h 3 m P o c c m m co cnaBHH-
CKMMM CTpaHaMM M BM3aHTMeM. M., 1969, CTp. 111-114.
138 IlMpMBaTpMTi, C. - flBa xpoHonoiiJKM npMTiora o xpajy npBor
6yrapcKor qapcTBa. - B: 3 6 o p h m k paflOBa BM3aHTonoLUKor MHCTMTyTa,
34. Eeorpafl, 1995, CTp. 5 1 -5 5 .
139 MyTacpHMeB, n. Hctopmb Ha 6tnrapcKM B Hapofl 6 8 1 -1 3 2 3 .
C „ 1986, CTp. 218.
140 Stokes, A. D. Th e B a ckgrou n d and C h ro n o lo g y of the Balkan
C a m p a ig n s of Sv y a to sla v Igorevich. - In: S la vo n ic and E a st Eu rop e an
Review, 40. London, 1962, pp. 4 4 -5 7 .
141 3 a MMCMBTa Ha KanoKMp npM C BeTocnaB m nocneflBanMTe
ctÕMTMH B>K. 3 h o m k o , H. O noconcTBe KanoKMpa b K m c b - B: >Kyp-
Han MMHMCTepcTBa HapoflHoro llpocBemeHMH, H oBan cepMB, h . 8,
1907, CTp. 2 2 9 -2 7 2 , b >k . cb iu o m CaxapoB, A. H. BanKaHCKMe noxoflbi
CBBToenaBa m flMnnoMaTMB flpeBHefi PycM. - B: Bonpocbi m c t o p m m ,
2, 1982, CTp. 8 1 -1 0 7 ; MyTac|3HMeB, 11. PyccKO-6onrapcKMB OTHOLiie-
hm b npM CBBTOcnaBa. - B: Sem inarium K ond akovianum , 4, 1931, CTp.
7 7 -9 2 .

57
KoHCTamnHonon Ha MMnepaTopa Ha C Bem eH aia P m m c k b
MMnepMn O toh I cbo6LflaBa 3a Ò tnrapcxo npaieHMMecTBO,
Koeio npMCTMmano noMTM 3aeflHO c Hero. ToBa cbÕMTne
ce flaTMpa Ha 2 8 -2 9 kdhm 968 roflMHa. O t onMcaHMeTO CTa-
Ba ncHO, ne õtnrapcxoTO noconcTBO 6 mtio npneTO flo6pe
m 6 mjim cna3eHM bcmhkm floroBopeHOCTM ctm acH O MMpa ot
927 roflMHa142. riopaflM o6bpxaHaTa m cnopHa xpoHonorMH
Ha HaniecTBMeTo Ha CBeTocnaB, xaxTo ce pa36npa, He e
HantnHO h ch o flariM TOBa npaTeHMnecTBo e CTaHano npe-
flM MriM cnefl noxofla Ha xneBcxnn xh h 3. 3naTapcKM npne-
Ma, ne to e CTaHano no BpeMe Ha caMOTO HamecTBMe Ha
CBeTocnaB143. O t cb o h CTpaHa rinaMeH riaBnoB npneMa,
ne to e CTaHano npeflM HainecTBMeTO Ha xMeBcxMn xhh 3144.
B t n p o c v r e Bee oifle cnopeH m rbpnM xopexflMM. n o Bpe­
MeTO Ha HainecTBMeTO õtnrapcxaTa flMnnoMaflMn fleMCT-
Bana m b flpyra nocoxa. B „rioBecTb BpeMeHHbix neT“ ce
cnoMeHaBa 3a neneHe>xxo HamecTBMe m oõcafla Ha KneB
no BpeMe Ha noxofla Ha CBeTocnaB cpeifly BtnrapMn.
Cnopefl 3naTapcxM flBeTe cbÕMTMn ca cBbp3aHM m TOBa
HamecTBMe cpeLfly KneB e MHcnnpMpaHO ot õtnrapcxMn
BnafleTen, xomto noflxynnn Bo>xflOBeTe Ha neneHe3MTe fla
OTBnexaT no T03M h bh m h BHMMaHMeTO Ha XMeBCXMn xhh 3145.
B flpyra Bpt3xa JTbB flnxoH cnoMeHaBa, ne cnefl KanoxM-
poBOTo npeflaTencTBO HMXMifcop II Ooxa, TBtpfle ynnauieH
ot HeiflacTHOTO cTeneHMe Ha oõcTonTencTBaTa, npoBOflMn,
xaTO npaTeHMflM npM õtnrapcxnnT BnafleTen naTpnflMn
H mxmc^ o p , no npnxop E po tm x m eBxaMTMMcxMn npoeflbp
cDnnoTeM. OõocHOBaBaííXM ce c oõiflaTa m m xpMCTMnHcxa

142 t. 2, 1960, C Tp. 3 2 4 -3 2 7 .

143 3naTapcKM, B. HcTopnq Ha 6-bnrapcxaTa fltp w aB a npe3
CpeflHMTe B e K O B e , t. 1, h . 2. C., 2002, CTp. 5 8 2 -5 8 3 .
144 HcTopMH Ha 6-bnrapnTe, t. 1. C., 2 0 0 3 (M3flaTencTBO „Tpyfln),
CTp. 282.
145 3naTapcKM, B. McTopm i Ha GbnrapcxaTa fltp w aB a npe3
CpeflHMTe BeKOBe, t. 1, h. 2. C., 2002, CTp. 583.

58
B íip a , B n p o T H B O B e c H a e3MHHMflMTe B a p n m , Te n o M C K anM
fle B o ííK M o t LjapcKH npoM 3xo,q 3 a cM H O B eT e H a M M n e p a T o p
P o M a H . B t n r a p M T e n o c p e u ^ H a n M c p a flo c T T O B a n p e f ln o -
>KeHMe m M3npaTMJiM H e B e cT M T e , KaTO y M o n n B a n M b m 3 3 h -
TMMLiMTe f la m m n o M o m a T c p e if ly B a p n r M T e 146. M m s e ÕMna
M H M flM aTM BaTa 3 a CKflHDHBaHeTO H a T O B a n p M M M p M e Me>Kfly
B tn ra p M fl m e T p yflH O f la c e K aw e . J lM y T n p a H fl m
J lb B fla K O H f la B a T pa3riMHHM cB e fle H M fl. 3 n a T a p c K M n p n e M a
flB e T e C B M fle T e n cT B a , KaTO 3 a e flH o cb Õ M TM e, f lO B e p n B a M -
km c e H a T B tp fle H M flT a H a J lM y T n p a H fl147. T o B a c e O T X B b p -
nn ot nerbp M yTacfcm neB, k o m t o n p M e M a T B tp fle H M e T O H a
J lb B flflK O H 3 a BM33HTMMCKa M H M flM aTM B a148. B b n p O C b T e
B e e OLfle c n o p e H . Ho e H a n b n H O bt >3MO>k h o f la C T a B a B b -
n p o c 3 a flB e pa3JiMHHM cbÕ M TM n. n b p B O H a n a n H a T a MHMflM­
a T M B a f la e H a 6 b n r a p c K M n B n a fle T e n n e r b p , n p e flM MnM
n o B p e M e H a H a w e c T B M e T O H a C B e T o c n a B , m BM 3aHTM M CKa
MHM flMaTMBa, KaTO O T ro B o p H a 6 b n r a p c K a T a n o B p e M e H a
n o x o fla H a k m o b c k m h k h a 3. C b 6 M T M H T a n p e 3 fln n o T O fle c M -
TM neTM e H a 6 0 -T e roflMHM H a X BeK c a c T B b p fle c n o p H a m
o õ b p x a H a x p o H o n o r M H . f l o cb K )3 o 6 a n e He c e CTMra, TbM
KaTO M a n K O c n e f l K a r a ÕMnM M 3n paT e H M õ b n r a p c K M T e H e-
BecTM b K o H C T a H T M H o n o n , n e T b p H e o n a K B a H O n o H M H a n o t
a n o n n e K T M H e H y f la p H a 3 0 « H y a p M 9 6 9 MnM 9 7 0 ro flM H a 149.
T a K a 6 Mn c n o p e H K p a ii H a fln n a e n o x a b O b n r a p c K a T a m c -
TopM H, a M M eHHO fla p y B a H e T O H a f la p n e T b p I, Ba>KeH f la n
OT KOeTO 6MnM M 6 b n ra p O -B M 3 a H T M M C K M T e OTHOLUeHMfl. Ho

146 TMBM, T. 5, 1964, CTp. 2 4 9 -2 5 1 .

147 3naTapcKM, B. HcTopun Ha 6t>nrapcKaTa flbpw aBa npe3
CpeflHMTe BeKOBe, t. 1, h. 2. C., 2002, CTp.. 582-586.
140 MyTacpHMeB, n. PyccKo-õonrapcKM e OTHomeHMB npM C b h t o -
cnaB. - B: Sem inarium Kondakovianum , 4, 1931, CTp. 85..
149 3a cnopoBeTe m pa3nMHHMTe MHeHMH 3a roflMHaTa Ha CMt>p-
r r a Ha pap lle rb p b>k. riM pM BaTpM fi, C. flBa xpoHonouiKM npMJiora o
Kpajy npBor õyrapcKor flapcTBa. - B: 36ophmk paflOBa BM3aHTonoiiJKor
MHCTMTyTa, 34. Eeorpafl, 1995, CTp. 5 5 -6 2 .

59
HeKa B 3aKJiioMeHMe flo6aBMM, ne wvieTO Ha to 3 m õ tn ra p -
ckm BnafleTen ce npeBtpH ano b cBeifleHO rnvie 3a no-Ktc-
Hm e BnafleTenw npMMepM, 3a Koeio ca lle rb p flennH n
Teoflop-llerbp, ocHOBaienn Ha B t o p o t o õtnrapcKO pap-
c tb o , 3aeflHO c 6paT c h AceH. M b flBaia cnynan CTaBa
B tn p o c 3a Bnafleienn, kom to He nonynaBann npM3H3HMe
o t BM3aHTMn, 3aTOBa cnopefl hhkom M3cneflOBaTenM Te M3-
non3BanM nivieTO Ha flap llerbp, 3a fla HanpaBflT Bpt3KaTa
c ritpBOTO 6bnrapcKO papcTBO m fla nonynaT npM3H3Hne-
To, KoeTO Bene 6 nn nonyHMn pap rierbp o t BM3aHTMn150.
Heiflo noBene, MO>Ke fla ce npeflnono>KM, ne KaTo Haíí-
yBa>KaBa cjDMrypa o t ritpBOTO õtnrapcKO papcTBO, KaTo
nMHHocT Hanarana m cneflBana n n v m o x p m c tm h h c tb o to m
floõpofleTenTa rierb p 6 Mn npMMep 3a noflpa>KaHMe, KoeTO
flOBeno m flo oõnBeHOTo My 3a CBeTep m sa cbSflaBaHeTO
Ha KynTa KbM Hero.

150 M e i i i M e f l > K M e B , f l . H a k o /i k o 6ene>KKn 3a KynTa KbM Map rie-

Tbp I (927-965). - B: XpMCTnnHCKaTa TpaflMqun m qapcKaTa m h ctm -
TyMnn b õbnrapcKaTa Kymypa. lilyMeH, 2003, CTp. 23-37; CTenaHOB,
Ub. Muxann, flerbp, MoaH, AceH: b pa3Mncbn sa MMeTo-CMMBon Ha
BnacT b cpeflHOBeKOBHa E b n ra p M H - B: HcTopMH, 1/2, 2003, CTp. 3 0 -
38; HnKonoBa, B. - LJap rierbp m xapaKTepbT Ha HeroBMH xynr - B:
CTapo6bnrapMCTMKa, XXXIII, 2, 2009, CTp. 63-77.

60
 3AKJII0HEHHE
YnpaBneHM eTO Ha pap lle r b p I n p e flC T a B n n B a pana
enoxa b n c T o p n 5 u a H a E t n r a p c K a T a f lt p w a B a . Toíí e H a íí-
f lt n r o y n p a B n n B a n n n T O tn ra p c K M B n a f le T e n ( n o B e n e ot 40
ro flM H M ). B TO Ba f lt n r o y n p a B n e H M e p e H T p a n H O m a c to 3a-
eM aT õbnrapo-BM aaHTM íícKM Te oTHOineHMn.
E tn r a p o -B M a a H T M M C K M T e O TH O ineH M n M o r a T f la O t f la T
pa3fleneHM Ha HnKonxo eTana:
• r it p B M H T eTan o O x B a ip a n e p M O fla B e flH a r a c n e fl
C M t p r r a Ha p a p C M M e o H . T o íí c e x a p a K T e p n 3 M p a c
Bpa>Kfle6H O CT ot CTpaHa Ha hobma B n a fle T e n icbM
BM 3aH T M n. H3BopM Te cn o M e H aB aT 3a H a n a f le H n e
H a O t n r a p M T e c p e if ly B M 3 a H T M íícK a T p a K M n . M a n x o
c n e f l TO Ba ÕMnM M 3n paTeH M m npaTeHM pM, komto f la
McxaT mmp c HMnepMATa.
• B T o p M n T n e p M O fl e C B t p 3 a H c n o n n T M K a T a H a mmp
Me>Kfly E b n r a p n a m BM 3aHTM fl. H aíí-Ba>K H O TO c t Õ M -
TMe m 6 e 3 c n o p e H y c n e x H a O t n r a p c x a T a f lM n n o M a -
pnn e f lo r o B o p t T o t 927 roflM H a. M a x a p rierbp f la
c e OTK33B3 o t f lo c T a 3 a B o e B a H M n H a 6 a m a cm C m -
M e o H , KaKTO M o t n p e T e H p n M T e M y 3 a T M T n aT a „ p a p
H a 6T>nrapn m p o M e n ", f l o r o B o p v r f la B a 3 a n p t B n v r
H a õ t n r a p c K M B n a fle T e n T M T n aT a „ p a p “, B e n e o<£m-
p n a n H O n p M 3 H aT a o t B n 3 a H T n n . A Ha õ tn ra p c K n n
p tp K O B e H BO flan e upmnara T M T naT a naTpM apx.
T p a H M p a T a e y p e fle H a , p a 3 M e H e H M c a n n e H H M p M T e
m H a c T t n B a mmp, r a p a H T M p a H o t flM H acT M H H M n 6 p a x
Me>Kfly õ t n r a p c K M n B n a fle T e n rierbp m M p n H a -M a -
p n n J la x a n M H a , f lt i f le p n T a H a M M n e p a T o p X p M C T O -
cjDop m B H y s x a H a M M n e p a T o p P o M a H i l a x a n M H , . To3m
M M p e H n e p n o fl MO>Ke f la c e p a 3 fle n M H a f lB a e T a n a .
EflM H M H T e T a n o õ x B a if la B p e M e T O f lo C M t p r r a Ha
p a p n p a M a p M n -l/lp M H a , a b t o p m a t - B p e M e T O c n e f l

61
HefíHaTa cMbpT. B nbpBMH eTan papn a6comoTeH
Mwp Me>Kfly flBeTe fltpxoBM . HnMa flpyro BpeMe o t
MCTopuyrra Ha BM3aHTMH m EbnrapMH, Koraio MMpbT
fla e 6 h ji TonxoBa 6e3o6naHeH, i o k t o b OHe3n ro­
flMHM. CpofleH m e BnafleiencKH flBopoBe >KMBeenn
B 6e3npo6neMHO npMHTencTBO, HeHapywaBaHO o t
HHiflo. ToBa pa36npaTencTBO c BM3aHTMH o6ane flo-
Be>Kfla flo Henpnfl3HeHa peaxuMH b hhkom KptroBe
B EbnrapMH, npHMepw 3a KoeTO ca BbCTaHMHTa Ha
6paTfiTa Ha pap rierbp - MoaH h Mnxan/i. H o Bb-
npeKM Te3M flOÕpM OTHOWeHMH MMa eflHO CbÕMTMe,
KoeTO flOHAKbfle noKa3Ba noflMonHaTa noiiMTMKa
o t CTpaHa Ha BMaaHTMH, HaconeHa M3UH.no cpeiuy
BbnrapMH. CTaBa Bbnpoc 3a õ h t c t b o t o Ha cpbõ-
CKMH KHH3 MecnaB M oTuenBaHeTo Ha Cbp6MH o t
TepMTopMHTa Ha õbnrapcKaTa flbpxoBa. KoHCTaH­
TMH BarpeHopoflHM e KaTeropMHeH, Kara OT6enn3Ba,
ne TOBa cbÕMTMe e CTaHano M3unno c noMOiflTa Ha
BM33HTMMCKMH MMnepaTop. MHTepecHOTo B cnynan
e, ne nMncBa MHcjDopMapMH b M3BopMTe 3a HHxaKBa
peaKUMH o t CTpaHa Ha rierbp. BbnpeKM Te3M fleíícT-
BMH o t CTpaHa Ha BM3aHTMH MMpbT ÕMn 3ana3eH.
Bax<eH cf>aKTop b to3m MMpeH nepMOfl Me>Kfly E b n -
rapMH M BM3aHTMH 6MnM Mafl>KapCKMTe HailieCTBMH.
B M3BopMTe ce cnoMeHaBaT MHOwecTBO noxoflM npe3
40-Te, 50-Te m 60-Te roflMHM Ha X Bex. MaflwapMTe
npeMMHaBanM m npe3 õbnrapcxa, m npe3 BM3aHTMM-
cxa TepMTopMH, a flBeTe flbpxoBM CTpaflanM eflHax-
BO o t Te3M HanafleHMH. M3rne>xfla, noHe xaxTO nmv\
o t M3BopMTe B HananoTO Ha 60-Te roflMHM, Gbnrap-
CKMHT BnafleTen noMcxan noMoifl o t BM3aHTMMUMTe,
3a fla ce cnpaBM c t h x , h o He h nonyHMn. ToBa npM-
HyflMno uap IleTbp fla noTbpcM flpyro peineHMe m
to m CKntoHMn floroBop c MaflwapMTe, xaTO 3anoHHan

62
f la ru n p o n y c K a n p e 3 6 b n r a p c K a T e p m o p u a fla on-
y c T O iiia B a T B n 3 a H T n q . T o B a flO Be>Kfla f lo KOHcJmMKT,
3a komto m e C T a H e f ly M a n o -H a T a r b K . r ip n M e p n 3 a
f l o õ p m e O THOLueHna Me>Kfly 6 b n r a p M m BM 3aHTM ííflM
ca m n p e fly n p e > K fle H M B T a , komto H a n p a B M /i f la p n e ­
T b p K b M BM3aHTM M flMTe 3 a nO XO flM Te H a KMeBCKMB
KHB3 M r o p n p e 3 941 m 944 roflM H a. Ba>KeH cjDaKTop
b B a n K a H C K a T a n o n M T M K a 6 m j im m n e n e H e 3 M T e . K aK -
TO T B b p flM b cbH M H e H M eT O cm KoH CTaH T M H B a r p e -
H opoflH M , Te M o r e n o fla S b f la T M 3 n o n 3 B a H M c p e if ly
6 b J ira p M T e , aKO Te noKa>KenM H e n o n n H O O TH O ineH M e
K b M BM 3aHTM fl, B b n p e K M OnMTMTe MM fla nO flflbp>KaT
flo 6 p M OTHOLueHMB c n e n e H e 3 M T e . Cnefl K o H C T a H -
tmh VII B a r p e H o p flH M Ha T p oH a f lo w b n CM H bT M y
PoM aH II (959-963). T o m n o T B b p flM n flo r o B o p M T e c
bcmhkm H a p o flM , BKnKDHMTenHO M c õ b n r a p M T e . M m-
p b T n p o flb n > K a B a n f la c b ifle c T B y B a , M a K a p m f la 6 m n
B e n e o x n a f lH n n c n e f l C M b p T T a H a P o M a H I J la x a n M H
npe3 945 roflM H a. B H a n a n o T O H a 6 0 -T e roflMHM Ha
X B e x c e n o c T a B n H a M -o 6 Lflo m CM bpTTa Ha rapaH Ta
H a M M p a 6 b n r a p c K a T a fla p M fla M a p M B - H p M H a J la -
Kan M H a. 3 a n o H B a btopmht eTan b 6 b n ra p o -B M 3 a H -
TMMCKMTe MMpHM B3aMMOOTHOLLieHMFI. K aT O rap a H T M
Ha M M pa c n e fl C M b p T T a Ha õ b n ra p c x a T a fla p M fla
B n e 3 n M CM HOBeTe H a f la p n e T b p , B o p n c m PoM aH,
KOMTO 6 MnM M 3n paTeH M KaTO 3anO>KHMflM B K O H C T aH -
TM Honon. A npe3 963 ro flM H a H a BM3aHTMMCKMn T p o H
c e f lH a n n p o c n a B e H M $ rr bm 33htmmckm n b n K O B O fle fl
HMKMCjDOp II 0 O K a . B b n ra p O -B M 3 a H T M M C K M T e OTHO-
in e H M n H a B n e 3 n M b hob e T a n n p e 3 H eroBO TO y n p a -
B n eH M e .
K aTO o c H O B H a npM H M H a 3 a p a 3 B a n n H e T O H a B 3 aM M O -
O TH O iiieH M nTa Me>Kfly BM3aHTMMflM m 6 b n ra p M 6 n n
M a flw a p c K M B T cjaaKTop. n p o n y c K a H e T o H a M a f lw a -

63
pme npe3 õtnrapcxa TepnTopna, 3a fla onycTowa-
BaT Bn3aHTmR, flano ocHOBam/ie Ha BH3aHTnnflHTe
fla pa3BarwT flocera ObiflecTByBaiflHTe MnpHn o t -
HoiueHMfl. Ho npi/iHMHaia Mo>Ke fla ce KopeHH no-
fltiiõoKO. HapacTBaHeTO Ha cnnaTa Ha Bn3aHTHfl b
T03M nepnofl n ycneniHme n flencTBnn cpeifly apa-
6m e flano b i >3m o >x h o c t Ha BH3aHTnnqnTe fla o6tp-
HaT BHnMaHne n Ha B-bnrapnn. npe3 965 roflHHa
BH3aHTnncKaTa Boncxa nocTnmana penime/iHa no-
6efla cpeifly apa6me, npeB3eManxn Tape. ToBa flo-
Beno flo TpnyM<t» b KoHCTaHTnHonon, x o í í t o 6nn o t -
npa3HyBaH npe3 flanaia 3HMa Ha 9 6 5-96 6 roflHHa.
B T03n nepnofl b KoHCTaHTnHonon npncmmajia n
6i>nrapcxa fleneraflnn fla ncKa fl-bnwHMnn flaHtx o t
Bn3aHTnnflme. Ho StnrapnTe 6nnn no3opHo 6nm
n n3roHeHn no 3anoBefl Ha HMnepaTopa 0TKa3Ban
fla nM nnaifla flaKbx, Koeio 6nno npnxo HapymeHne
Ha floroBopa o t 927 roflnHa. llocneflBanHTe flencT-
b nn ca onncaHn pa3HonocoHHo o t xpoHncTnTe.
JI b b flfiKOH roBopn 3a noxofl cpeLfly norpaHHHHH-
Te TepnTopnn Ha B-bnrapnn, KbfleTO 6nnn npeB3e-
Tn h a x o h õuirapcKH xpenocTH. Ho HMnepaTopvr
ce ynnauinn o t HaceMeHnn TepeH Ha õtnrapcxaTa
TepnTopnn n He npofltnwnn. Cxnnnfla-KeflpnH o t
c b o h CTpaHa roBopn 3a noxofl Ha Hnxnc^op II Ooxa
n3 TpaxnncxnTe xpenocTn Ha HMnepnyrra My. Ho He
cnoMeHaBa 3a HaxnyBaHe b õtnrapcxa TepnTopnn.
B tB Bpt3xa c T03n ornefl Ha TpaxnncxnTe xpeno-
CTn Cxnnnfla-KeflpnH cbo6iflaBa n sa nncMO Ha
BH3aHTnncxHfl nMnepaTop flo flap nerbp, c xoeTO
n3ncxBan nocneflHHHT fla He nponyifla npe3 c b o h
TepnTopnn Mafl>xapnTe. flann e nMano BOHHa b nc-
t h h c x h a cMncbJi na flyMaTa He e ctBceM a c h o , h o
OTHOiueHHHTa Me>xfly Bn3aHTnnfln n õtnrapn Bene

64
6 n n n 3 H a M m e n H 0 o x n a f lH e n n n H a B n n 3 a n n b h o b

e T an , KaKTO c n n n n n n n o c n e f lB a n n T e cb Õ H T H n . 3 a
f la O M a n o M O L fln õ b n r a p c x a T a f l t p x o B a , Hnxncfciop II
O oxa M 3npaTnn cnH a Ha x e p co H cx n a ynpaBm en
K a n o x n p f lo x n e B c x n n x h a 3 C B e T o c n a B c M n c n n f la
ro n o flx y n n n T n a c H e x b m n o x o fl c p e m y B t n r a p n n .
M n c n n T a 6 n n a y c n e u iH a n npe3 9 6 7 -9 6 8 roflM H a
KMeBCKMFiT KHH3 H a x n y n B B t n r a p n n , p a 3 Õ n B a n x n
õ tn rap cx a T a B o ííc x a n n p e B 3 e iv ia n x n M H o> xecT Bo
KpenocTn. H o K a n o x n p n a B tp L u n n n p e fla T e n c T B O ,
n o K a 3 B a n x n a M Õ n u n n f la n p e B 3 e M e B H 3 a H T n n c x n n
T poH , c n e n e n B a n x n 3 a cbK>3H nx C B e T o c n a B . T o B a
n p n H y f ln n o H nxncjDop II <t>oxa f la C M e H n p n 3 x o n o -
n v n m a i a cn.
H e T B tp T n n eTan c e x a p a x T e p n 3 n p a c on nT 3a no -
f lo 6 p n B a H e H a O T H O w e H n n T a n cxnxD H BaH e H a h o b

M np. H a 2 8 - 2 9 kdhh 9 6 8 r o fln H a x p e M O H C x n n T e n n c -

K on J ln y T n p a H fl, n p a T e H n x H a n M n e p a T o p a H a C B e -
ifle H a T a P n M c x a m vm epnn O t o h I, c n o M e H a B a 3a
õ t n r a p c K O n p a T e H n n e c T B O n p n B n 3 a H T n n fln T e . H o
n o p a f ln o 6 t p x a H a T a x p o H o n o m n H a C B e fle H n n T a 3 a
n o x o fla H a x n e B C x n n x h a 3, He e c tB c e M a c h o f la n n
TOBa npaTeHHHecTBO e C T a H a n o n p e f ln n n n c n e f l
n o x o fla H a C B e T o c n a B . B f lp y r a B p t 3 x a JIbb fln x o H
c n o M e H a B a , n e c n e f l n p e fla T e n c T B O T o H a K a n o x n p ,
H nxn cfcop II O o x a 6 n n T B t p f l e m h o t o ynnam eH o t

H e iflacTH O TO c T e n e H n e H a o õ c T O H T e n c T B a T a , xo h t o

n p e B tp H an n C B e T o cn aB b H a n tn H o HeynpaBnneM
cfcaxTop, n p o B O fln n xaTo n p a T e H n fln T e npn 6 tn -
r a p c x n n B n a fle T e n n a T p n q n n Hnxncfciop, n o n p n x o p
E p o T n x n e B x an T n n cx n n n p o e flt p Q n n o T e n . Te no-
n c x a n n f lt ifle p n o t u a p c x o n o T e x n o 3 a cn H O B e T e
H a n iv m e p a T o p P o M a H . B t n r a p n T e n o c p e if lH a n n c
p a f lo c T T O B a n p e fln o > x e H n e n n 3 n p a T n n n H e B e c T n -

65
 Te, KaTo yMoriHBann BM3aHTMMflMTe fla mm noMor-
HaT cpeifly pycMTe. Ho hmh e 6Mna b xpafiHa CMeT-
xa MHMflMaTMBaTa sa TOBa npMMMpMe e TpyflHO fla
ce Kawe. JlMyTnpaHfl m JTbB A h k o h flaBaT pa3JiMMHM
CBefleHMH. flanM Te3M flBe CBefleHMH ce OTHacnT 3a
eflHO M CblflO Cb6MTMe, KaKTO CMHT3T MH03MH3 M3-
cneflOBaTenM, mtim 3a flBe pa3JiMHHM cb6MTMH, B t -
n p o cv r He e ctB ce M nceH. flo cbf03 o6ane He ce
CTMra, Tbii xaTO Manxo cnefl Kara 6\a h \a M3npaTeHM
b KoHCTaHTMHonon HeBecTMTe 6tnrapcKMHT Bnafle­
Ten rierbp HeonaKBaHO noHMHan o t anonneKTMHeH
yflap Ha 3 0 HHyapM 9 6 9 MnM 9 7 0 roflMHa, roflMHaTa
Ha cMtpTTa My He e ctB ce M ncHa.
K aKTO BM >KflaM e ot n p M B e fle H M T e flaH H M , 6 t n r a p o - B M -
3aHTMMCKMTe OTHOLueHMH n p e 3 y n p a B n e H M e T O H a 6 b n r a p -
ckmht B n a fle T e n r i e r b p I ca ochobhm n p e s f lt n r o T O M y pa-
p y B a H e . O T H o m e H M H T a M ex<fly BM 3aH TM íípM m S tn ra p M ca
M H O roaC n e K T H M , C B t p s a H M C TpyflH M M O M eH T M B THXH 3T3
MCTOpMH, HO B b n p e K M BCMHKO npO flbn>KM TenH M HT M M p f la n
Bt3M O>KHOCT H a 6 b n ra p c K O T O p a p c T B O f la n o c T M m e T O Ba
fly x o B H O m K y n T y p H O c n n o T H B a H e , pox<6a H a KoeTO e m CTa-
p o õ tn rap cK a T a xym yp a.
 H3B0PH

• rHBM, T. 5,1964.
• rHBH,T. 6, 1965.
• TMBM, t . 7 ,1968.
• 3/iaTapcKki, Bacn/i. M3BecTneTo Ha H6paxn/v\-n6H-8Ky6a
3a õt/irapm e o t 965 roflMHa - B: 3/iaiapcKM, Bacn/i. kl3-
6paHM npokBBeAeHMfl, t. 2. C., 1984.
• KoHCTaHTMH BarpaHopoAHbm . 0 6 ynpaB/ieHMM wvme-
pneíí.TeKCT, nepeBOA, KOMeHTapníí. M., 1991.
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• nosecTb BpeMeHHbix /ieT, nepeBOA A- C. ZlMxaneBa m B.
A. Po/viaHOBa, t. 1 M . - /I., 1950.
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H 3 n Q 7 I3 B A H H C b K P A m E H H fl

• THEM - rp'bL4KM M3Bopn 3a õtnrapcKaia MCTopua.

• n i/IEM - JlaTMHCKM M 3Bopn 3a õ u ir a p c K a T a kcto-
P Mfl.
 H3B0PH 3A BTb^rAP0-BH3AH-
THHCKHTE OTHOIUEHHH nPE3
ynPAB./IEHHETO HA UAP IIETTj P I

>KMTME HA MAPMfl HOBA

(H/IBH, t. 5, 1 9 6 4 , CTp. 8 0 )

MariKO no-KbCHO Ka3aHMHT CuMeoH HanycHan wanxa-

Ta cm flyma m rierbp, HeroBMHT cmh, HacneflMn BJiacTTa.
Toíí, KaTo ce BB3non3Ban TBtpfle BapBapcKM o t o õ c t o a -
TencTBaTa, pa3pyLUMn flo ochobm 3aB3eTMTe o t HeroBMH
6 a m a rpaflOBe b TpaKMH, noBMKan npM ce6e cm HaMMpa-
iHMTe ce b t a x 6i>nrapM m c t a x no cbiuMn hbhmh pa3pyLUMn
BM3a.

nPO A t/l^M TE/IBT HATEOOAH

(ri/IBM, t. 5, 1 9 6 4 , CTp. 1 3 5 - 1 3 9 )

Tom (C M M e o H ) nocTaB M n 3a BnafleTen cMHa cm llerbp,

KoroTO M M an o t BTopaTa cm weHa, ce cT p a T a Ha TeoprM
C y p c y B y n , kom to 6Mn o cT aB e H o t C M M e o H 3a h3ctom hm k
Ha fle u a T a My. A M M xa n n , pofleH o t n t p B a T a M y >KeHa, tom
noflCTpM ran 3a MOHax. 1/loaH ntK m BeHMaMMH, SpaTHTa Ha
rierbp, oifle c e oõnM HanM b õ t n r a p c K O o õ n e K n o .
KoraTO OKonHMTe HapoflM - xtp B a T M , TypKM m flp y-
tm - y3H anM 3a C M t p r r a Ha C M M eoH , Te peniM nM fla ce
OTnpaBHT Ha noxofl npoTMB 6 tn ra p M T e . llo H e w e CMneH

77
m afl, npwflpyweH ot CKaxanpM, M3Mi>MBan mhoto 6t>nrap-
ckmh Hapofl, 6 b n ra p m e ce onacnBanM ot HawecTBMeTO Ha
flpyrwTe HapoflM, a ou^e noBene ce cTpaxyBanM ot Hana-
fleHMeTo Ha poMeMTe. Cnefl KaTO HanpaBMnM ctBemaHMe,
Te ce OTnpaBnnn Ha noxofl npoTMB poMeHTe m CTMmanM b
M aKeflOHHn, 3a fla BHyinaT cTpax, KaKTo e ecTecTBeHO Ha
poMeMTe. KoraTO cnefl TOBa y3Hann, ne MMnepaTop PoMaH
Bi>3HaMepnBa fla ce OTnpaBM npoTMB Tax, n e rb p m TeoprM
MsnpaTMnM c k p m w o m eflMH MOHax Ha MMe KanoKMp, n o pofl
apMeHep, komto Hocen e tc ce6e cm xpMCOByn. C b fltp w a-
HMeTO Ha T03M xpMCOByn rnaceno, Me Te npMeMaT MMpa c
poMeMTe m He caMO ca totobm fla CKntonaT TaKbB MMp, ho
axo poMeMTe wenanT, fla cxntonaT m 6paneH floroBop. I/Im -
nepaToptT c ronnMa paflocT npnen Ton MOHax m BeflHara
M3npaTMn c flpoMOH MOHaxa TeoflOCMM AByxa m papcKMn
CBeifleHMK KoHCTaHTMH PoflMM, 3a fla nperoBapnT b M e-
ceMBpMn c 6tnrapM Te 3a MMp... Cnefl KaTO npMCTMmanM m
yroBopMnM OHOBa, iflo 6n n o Heo6xoflMMO, Te ce BtpHanM
no cyina 3aeflHO c 6 tn rap n H a CTecjDaH. Cnefl Tax npMCTMr-
Hann m TeoprM CypcyByn, CMMeoH KanyTepxaH m ycaMn-
c m c , CMMeoH, Lnypeii Ha 6i>nrapcKMn BnafleTen, a 3aeflHO
c Tnx HeroBMHT cpoflHMK CTec(DaH, a ctiflo Taxa MaroTMH,
KpoH m M mhmk ÕMnM M3npaTeHM npM MMnepaTop PoMaH.
KoraTO BMflenM fltiflepnTa Ha MMnepaTop XpMCTocjDop
MapMn m n xapecanM m h o t o , Te cxntoHMnM ntpBOM cno-
pa3yMeHMe 3a MMp m ToraBa nMcanM Ha l~lerbp 6i»p30 fla
npMCTMme. M a m c rb p H mkmt 3, c b 3 t Ha MMnepaTop PoMaH,
ÕMn M3npaTeH fla nocpeLflHe m fla flOBefle n e rb p flo CTonM-
paTa. KoraTO õtnrapM H tT n e rb p npMCTMman, MMnepaTop
PoMaH ce KaMMn Ha Tpnepa m OTMWbn b i >b BnaxepHMTe.
TaM nocpeLflHan npMCTMraiflMn npM Hero n e rb p m ro npM-
BeTCTByBan. Cnefl KaTO noroBopMnM noMe>Kfly c m , k 3 kto e
npMeTO, noflnMcanM m m p h m h floroBop m cnopa3yMeHMeTO
3a 6paxa. B TOBafleno nocpeflHMMMn m pa3yMHO HanpaBnn-

78
Ban Me>Kfly poMen n 6 tn ra p n npoTOBecTnapMHT TeocjDaH.
Ha ocmh mhamktmoh OTMWbn naTpnapx CTecjDaH 3aeflH0 c
npoTOBecTnapnH TeocjDaH c Mapnn, fltLflepnTa Ha MMnepa-
Top XpncTocjDop, n flennnT ceHaT b xpaM a Ha npecBeia Bo-
ropoflHfla npn l/l3Bopa. Toíí 6narocnoBnn rierbp h Mapnn,
nocTaBHJi Ha m aBrne hm SpaHHm e BeHfln, Kara KyMyBann
npoTOBecTHapHAT TeocjDaH h reoprn CypcyByn. Cno>KeHa
6nna 6rmcKaBa h nrnflHa Tpane3a h bcmhkm cBai6eHM o6n-
nan 6nnn H3ALHHO H3rTbnHeHH. Cnefl TOBa npoTOBecTna-
pHm TeocjDaH ce 3aBtpHan b CTonnflaTa 3aeflH0 c Mapnn,
fltiflepnTa Ha HMnepaTopa. Ha TpeTnn fleH ot CBaièaia
MMnepaTop PoMaH ycTponn 6nncKaB0 yroLfleHMe Ha cKe-
neTO npM M3BopnTe, KaTo ro yxpacnn c KonpMHeHM TbKaHn.
npM caMOTO CKene CTonn MMnepaTopcKnnT flpoMOH, b koíí-
to npMinecTByBan PoMaH 3aeflHO c BbnrapnH a rierbp, e tc
3eTfl cm KoHCTaHTMH M CMH3 cm XpncTocjDop. BbnrapnTe
flocTa HacTonBanM Haíí-Hanpefl fla 6b,qe npMBeTCTByBaH
XpMCToejDop, a nocne KoHCTaHTMH. MMnepaTop PoMaH ot-
crb nn n Ha TOBa thxho HacTOHBaHe m CTaHano Taxa, kbkto
Te MCKanM. Cnefl KaTo 6nno M3BbpujeHO bcmhko, CBbp3aHO
ebe CBaTÕaTa, M apnn TpnÕBano Bene fla 33MMHe 3aeflHO
c Mbxca cm flerbp 3a Bbnrapnn. HeiiHMTe poflMTenM 3aefl-
Ho c npoTOBecTMapMHT TeocjDaH a M3npaTMnM flo Ebaomoh.
KoraTO TpnõBano fla noTernM, Te nperbpHanM fltiflepn cm
m nponenM MHoro cbnan, iokto BnponeM nofloSaBa npM
pa3flnna c Bb3nio6eHO neflo, flenyHann CBon 3eT m KaTo
a npeflanM b HeroBMTe pbfle, 3aBbpHann ce b flBopflMTe.
ripeflafleHa b 6bnrapcKn pbfle, M apnn 3aMMHana 3a B b n-
rapMfl eflHOBpeMeHHO paflocTHa m CKptÕHa - CKbpõnna,
ne ce pa3flenn ot npeoÕMHHM poflMTenM, flapcKM flBopfln
m ot oõifleHMe ebe cpoflHMflM, a ce paflBana, noHe>Ke ce
CBtp3ana c mtdDK flap m 6nna npoBb3rnaceHa rocnoflapKa
Ha étnrapMTe. Tn nponee 3aMMHana, KaTo OTHacnna pa3-
HOBMflHM 6oraTCTBa M OrpOMHa nOKblflHMHa.

79
 C p em y lle rb p B tn ra p u H a ce BflMman 6parbT My
1/lBaH 3aeflH0 c flpym 6onapn Ha CHMeoH. Cnefl Kaio 6nnn
3anoBeHn, \Z\b q h 6nn noflno>KeH Ha 6oii m 33TBopeH b ttdM-
HMfla, a flpyrm e 6nnn noflnoweHM Ha HeoÕMKHOBeHM Ha-
Ka3aH mb. lle rb p M3BecTnn TOBa Ha MMnepaTop PoMaH m
M M nepaioptT M3npaTMn MOHaxa 1/loaH, kom to HHKora 6Mn
peKTop, nofl npeflnor fla M3B"bpi±iM pa3MHHa Ha nneHHM-
flM, a b fleMCTBMTenHOCT fla B3eMe 1/lBaH m fla ro OTBefle b
L4apMrpafl. ToBa m CTaHano. Tom ce Kannn Ha Kopaõ aaefl-
HO c MBaH o t MeceMBpMH m npMCTMman b CTonMflaTa. He
cnefl MHoro, KoraTO 1/lBaH 3axBtpnMn MOHaniKOTO oflenHMe
m noMCKan fla ce o>KeHM, MMnepaTopvr My flan flOM, m ho-
>KeCTBO MMOTM M >KeHa, KOflTO npOM3XO>Kflana OT COÕCTBe-
h o to My poflHO m h c to - ApMeHMaKOH - ycTpoMn 6nncKaBa
CBaTÕa b flOMa Ha Kecapn, npM KoeTO KyMyBanM MMnepa­
Top XpMCToejDop m 6MBiiiMnT peKTop 1/loaH.
0 6 a n e m M OHaxvr MMxaMn, 6paT Ha rierbp, o63eT o t
CTpeMe>K fla 3aB3eMe Bn acrra b BtnrapMn, noBflMman o t
CBon CTpaHa 6yHT b eflHa 6bnrapcxa xpenocr K tM Hero
ce npMcteflMHMnM OTflenMnMTe ce o t rierbp c k m t m . Cnefl
Kara MMxaMn noHMHan, Te HaxnynM b poMeíícKMTe 3eMM,
npeMMHanM o t MaxeflOHMn npe3 CTpyMa b TbpflMn m H m -
Konon m TaM b c m h k o onycTowMnM.
CnoMeHaTaTa BHynxa Ha MMnepaTop PoMaH - MapMH,
Cbnpyra Ha llerbp BtnrapMHa, necTO npMCTMrana ot B tn -
rapMB b CTonMflaTa, 3a fla noceTM 6aifla cm mflflflo cm. Ko-
raTO npMCTMTHana 3a ceTeH n vr 3aeflHO c TpM fleua, 6aLfla
mXpMCTO<t>op 6Mn Bene noHMHan. Tn nonyHMna OTflnflo cm
ronflMO 6oraTCTBO m c nonecTM ce 3aBbpHana.
Hy>KHO e npoHee fla ce xa>xe HeLflo m 3a oõiflecTBeHMTe
rpM>KM Ha M M nepaTopa (Po M aH II). BeflH ara tom M3npaTMn
flo BceKM poMeíícKM HananHMK m MMnepaTopcKM cT p aT erflo
BnafleTenMTe Ha B b n rap M n m Ha 3anaflHMTe m M3TOHHMTe
HapoflM cbom npMATencKM nocnaHMn. Bcmhkm M3xa3anM

80
6narono>KenaHMfl 3 a LflacTMeTO n npnnTencTBOTo c to3m
caMOfltpwep m noTB-bpflnnn npMMTencKMTe floroBopM.

/VbB rPAMATMK
(ri/IBM, t. 5, 1964, CTp. 167-168)

Ha 27 Maíí, nem afleceTn mhamkt, yMpnn CnMeoH, Bna-

fleieniiT Ha BtnrapMn, Kara ocTaBnn 3a BnafleTen CHHa
ch nerbp, KoraTO MMan ot BTopaTa cm >KeHa, cecTpaTa Ha
Teoprn CypcyByn, KoroTO CMMeoH ocTaBMn m 3a HacTOM-
HMK Ha CBOMTe CMHOBe. llpOHee OKOnHMTe HapoflM, KaTO
HayHMnM 3a C M tp rra Ha CnMeoH, 3aMncnnnM fla Hanafl-
HaT õtnrapMTe. A õtnrapcKnnT Hapofl 6nn npnTecHABaH
o t ronnM rnafl n cxaxanflM m ce CTpaxyBan ot HanafleHMe
Ha poMeMTe. nponee, cnefl Kara HanpaBMnM ctBemaHMe,
6tnrapMTe Tptm anM Ha noxofl cpeifly poMeMTe m flomnM
b MaxeflOHMn. Ho cnefl TOBa, xaTo HayMMnn, Me MMnepa­
Top PoMaH Lflnn fla M3ne3e Ha noxofl cpeLfly tax, n e rb p
m TeoprM TaííHO M3npaTMnM eflMH mohbx Ha MMe KanoKMp,
no npoM3xofl apMeHep, koííto Hocen 3naTonenaTHO nnc-
MO. CtfltpxoHM eTO Ha TOBa nMCMO ÕMno, ne Te He caMO
npMeMaT MMpa c poMeMTe, ho mck3t fla CKntonaT m 6paneH
floroBop. ripoMee MMnepaTopvr npnen mhoto paflocTHO
T03M MOHax m BeflHara M3npaTMn b MeceMBpMn c flpoMOH
MOHaxa Teoflop AByxa m MMnepaTopcKMnT KnMpnx PoflMn,
3 a fla nperoBapnT 3a MMp c 6tnrapMTe. A Te npMCTMmanM
m cnefl xaTo oõctflMnM b33mmho TOBa, xoeTO nofloõaBa-
no, OTntTyBanM no cyw a 3aeflHO e t c CTec^aH BtnrapMHa.
Cnefl ta x npncTnm an m PeoprM CypcyByn n xaTo flomnM
b L4apMrpafl, cxnioMMnM MMp. A Kara BMflenM MapMn, flt-
iflepnTa Ha MMnepaTop XpMCTOC^op, mhoto n xapecanM n
nMcanM Ha n e rb p fla floiifle He3a6aBHO. KoraTO npncTMr-
Han BtnrapM H tT neTtp, MMnepaTop PoMaH ce xannn Ha

81
Tpi/iepa m flOLutn BbB BnaxepHm e. Tom BMflnn n e rb p m ro
npuBeTCTByBan. Cnefl Kaio cm Ka3anM eflMH Ha flpyr TOBa,
Koeio noflo6aBa, Te HanncanM mmphma floroBop m 6pan-
h o to cnopa3yMeHMe. A Ha 8 oktombpm naTpnapx CiecfDaH
OTMiiitn b xpaM a Ha npecBeia EoropoflMfla npM IlMre 3a-
eflHO c npoTOBecTMapMm TeocjDaH, MapMn, fltifle p m a Ha
MMnepaTop XpMCToefDop, m penMn ceHaT m 6narocnoBMn
n e rb p m MapMn. Cnefl xaTo 6 n n o flafleHO BenMKonenHO
m 6oraTO yroifleHMe m ÕMnM M3ntnHeHM õnecTniflo bcmm-
km CBaTõeHM o6MHaM, npoTOBecTMapMAT TeocjDaH Bnn3tn
b CTonMpaTa 3aeflHO c MapMn, fltLflepnTa Ha MMnepaTopa.
Ha TpeTMA fleH o t 6paKocbHeTaHMeTO MMnepaTop PoMaH
flan pa3KOLUHO yroLfleHMe Ha npMCTaHa npM IlMrM. A noHe-
>xe 6tnrapMTe HeManxo HacTOflBanM Hai/i-Hanpefl fla 6tfle
npMBecTByBaH XpMCToejDop, a cnefl TOBa KoHCTaHTMH, mm-
nepaToptT OTcrbnMn Ha HacTosBaHeTO mm m CTaHano,
K3KT0 Te MCKanM. A cnefl Kara bcmhkm rbpwecTBa oxono
CBaTÕaTa saBbpuiMnM m MapMn Tpn6Bano fla noeMe nbTn
3a EtnrapMfi, poflMTenMTe m n M3npaTMnM flo Ebaom oh. Te
npertpHanM fltLflepn cm, nponenM mhoto ctn3M m, pa30M-
pa ce, CTpaflanM, 3arfleT0 ce nMinaBaT o t MMnoTO cm neflo.
Cnefl KaTO nperbpHanM m 3eTH cm m n npeflanM b p tp e -
Te My, Te ce BtpHanM b flBopepa. A MapMn, npeflafleHa b
6bnrapcKM ptfle, ce OTnpaBMna 3a EtnrapM n.
CpeLfly nerbp õtnrapMHa BtcTaHan 6paT My 1/loaH
3aeflHO m c flpym Cmmoohobm õtnrapM. Ho Te, KaTO 6nnM
3anoBeHM, 1/loaH 6 m 6mt m 3aTBopeH b rbMHMfla, a oc-
TaHanMTe - npeflafleHM Ha Te>KKM HaKa3aHMn. nerbp M3-
BecTMn Te3M HeLfla Ha MMnepaTop PoMaH, komto M3npaTMn
MOHaxa 1/loaH, 6mblu peKTop, y>K 3a fla HanpaBM cM?ma c
fltp>KaHMTe nneHHMflM, a b cbiflHOCT, 3a fla 3anoBM 1/loaH m
fla ro OTBefle b LlapMrpafl. TaKa m CTaHano. Tom ce KaMMn
Ha Kopaõa b MeceMBpMn 3aeflHO c 1/loaH m npMCTMman b
CTonMflaTa. He m hoto cnefl TOBa 1/loaH XBtpnMn MOHauie-

82
CKOTO p a c o m n o n c K a n f la c e o>KeH n. H M n e p a T o p t T M y f la n
K t L f la n T B t p f le M H o ro m m o t m n >xeH a o t C Bom a p o f lM H a -
A p M e H n a K C K a ia 3eM n. H an p aB n n My m õ n e c T n ifla CBaTÕa
B f lO M a H a x e c a p n .

nCEBAO-CMMEOH
(rU B M , t . 5, 1 9 6 4 , d p . 1 8 2 )

... H b cbLflMA n a c y M p n n C M M e o H b E tn r a p M n , c n e fl
K aT o n p o B t 3 r n a c M n c H H a cm r ie r b p , p o fle H o t BTopaTa M y
>KeHa. A M M xaM n, ko m to 6 n n p o fle H o t n t p B a T a M y >KeHa,
n o flC T p M ra n 3 a M O H a x ... A oxonHM Te n n e M e H a - x tp B a T M -
Te m flp y rM T e - K aTo c e H ayH M n M 3 a C M t p r r a H a C M M e o H ,
p e n iM n M f la c e BflM rH aT c p e if ly 6 t n r a p M T e . rioHe>Ke r o n n M
r n a fl e flH O B p e M e H H O e t c c x a x a n f ln M o p e n S t n r a p M n , Te
OLfle n o B e n e c e C T p a x y B a n M o t H axnyB aH eT O Ha poM eM Te.
3 a T O B a T p t m a n M H a n o x o fl c p e L fly P o M a H M n m onycTOUJM-
nM M a x e flO H M n . Ho K aTo nynM , n e c p e if ly T a x M 3nM 3a m m -
n e p a T o p tT , 6 tn r a p M T e c e 3aM M cnM nM 3a m m p m M 3npaTM nM
h a k o m cm M O H a x H a M M e K a n o x M p , a p M e H e f l n o npoM 3XO fl,
ko m to 6 M n n o c p e L flH a T m h o t o n io 6 e 3 H O o t M M nepaTopa m

o 6 e 3 n e H M n M M p a , K a r a n o M c x a n f la 6 t f l e f la f le H a H a í l e T t p
fltL fle p flT a H a M M n e p a T o p XpM CToejDop M a p M n m nM canM Ha
r i e r b p f la n p M C T M m e . H t b m M a r M c r b p HM KMTa, t b c t b t Ha
M M n e p a T o p P o M a H , 6 M n M 3 n p aT e H f la ro n o c p e if lH e m f la ro
flO B e fle b r p a fla . K a T o C T M m a n M b b b B n axepH M T e, M M ne-
p a T o p t T M 3 n n 3 t n H a c p e if la M y m ro n p e r t p H a n . C n e f l xaTO
c e p a 3 r o B o p n n M s a H e o 6 x o flM M M T e p a 6 o T M , Te n o fln M c a n n
M M pH M n flO rO BO p M 6 p a H H M n C B I0 3 , nO KaH BaM KM 3 a C B M fle -
T e n n p o T O B e cT M ap M M TeocjDaH. Ha o c m m o k t o m b p m Íle T t p
m M a p M n 6M nM B e H n a H M o t n a T p M a p x CTecfDaH b x p a M a Ha
n p e c B e T a E o r o p o f ln p a npM H 3 B o p M T e . C n e f l xaTO bc m h km

o 6 p e flM 6 n n M T tp > x e cT B e H O M 3 n tn H e H M , 6 t n r a p M T e m h o to

83
H a c T O H B a n u H a t í-H a n p e fl f la 6 i. f le n p M B e T C T B y B a H X p n c T O -
cjDop, a c n e f l T O B a KoH CTaH TM H . 1 /lM n e p a T o p v r c e c t m a c u n
m H a TO Ba. H nranra f le H a n o - K t c H O r i e r b p 3 a e flH O c >KeHa
eu MapHfl oTniaTyBanM aa BtnrapMn.
ripoTMB n e T tp BtnrapM Ha saMMcnM 3aroBop 6paT My
MoaH 3aeflHO c flp y rM BenMO>KH Ha CMMeoH. Ho Te 6nnn
3anoBeHH m 1/loaH 6nn 6 m m XBtpneH b 3aTBop, a ocTaHa-
n m e 6nnn noflnoweHM Ha HeManKM HaKa3aHnn.

KOHCTAHTMH BArPEHOPOflHM
(rMBM, T. 5 , 1964, CTp. 198, 212)

P o M e íícK i/ifiT M M nepaTop 6 m c e CTopMn n o -o n a c e H 3 a

6 t>nrapM Te m MO>Ke f la m npMHyflM f la c t o h t m m p h m , ara
CKnioHM m m p c n en eH erM Te, noHe>Ke cnoM eHaTM Te n e n e H e -
TM c a c tc e flM M Ha õ tn ra p M T e . KoraTO noMCKaT - 3 a c b o h
c o õ c T B e H a n o n 3 a MnM 3 a y r o fla Ha poMeMCKMn M M nepa­
Top - T e n e c H o M oraT fla c e O TnpaBHT Ha n o x o fl c p e if ly
õ tn ra p M T e m fla tm n o 6 e flflT m p a3rp oM H T c no-ronnM O TO c m
MHO>KecTBO M CM na. 3 a T O B a m õ tn ra p M T e n o n a ra T H e n p e c -
T3HHM yCMHMn M CTapaHM fl f la >KMBenT B MMp M c t m a c M e c
neM eHerMTe, noHe>Ke o t necTM Te m m H anafleH M n m o n y c T O -
ineHMn o t onMT c e HayHMnM, n e e flo õ p e m none3H O f la c a
BMHaTM B MMp C TflX.
... riocne Bne3nM b CtpÕMn ( b o m c k m t c Ha CMMeoH) m
BflMmanM qenMn Hapofl o t Mano flo ronnMO m ro 3axapanM
B Btnrapnn. H a k o m ntK M36nranM m OTMLunM b XtpBaTMn
M CTpaHaTa 3anycTnna. fio OHOBa BpeMe 6bnrapMTe o t m -
LiinM Ha noxofl b XtpBaTMn Haneno c AnoroõoTyp m TaM
BCMHKM 6MnM M3ÕMTM OT XtpBaTMTe. Cnefl CefleM roflMHM
HecnaB c flpyrM neTMpMMa flywM M3Õnran o t õtnrapMTe m
o t PlpecnaB OTMWbn b CtpõMn. B CTpaHaTa t o m HaMepMn
caMO neTfleceT Mtwe, k o m t o HHManM h m weHM, h m fleqa

84
n M3KapBanM npexpaHaTa c m c j i o b . Kaio 3aBnaflnn c t a x
CTpaHaia, t o m M3npaTMn B e d Ha poMeiicKMn MMnepaTop m
noMCKan o t Hero ctfleiicTBMe m noMOLfl, Kara oõeman fla
My cny>KM m fla ce noflHMHHBa Ha HeroBMTe Hapefl6M xaTO
npeflMiBHMTe KHH3e. OTToraBa poMeMCKMST MMnepaTop He
npecTaHan fla ro o6narofleTencTByBa, Ta obp6MTe, k o m t o
CMMeoH 6 mti npoKyflMn m k o m t o >KMBeenM b XtpBaTMn, b
BtnrapMH m b ocTaHariMTe CTpaHM, KaTo ce Haynnnn 3a
TOBa, ce cb6pajiM npM Hero. 1/1 b CTonMflaTa a o l u j im h a k o m
õerbfiflM o t BtrirapMfl. 1/lMnepaTopvr Ha poMeMTe m CHa6-
flMJi c flpexM, oõcMnan m c ifleflpocTM m tm M3npaTMn npM
HecnaB.

/rbBflflKOH
(ri/lBM, t . 5, 1964, CTp. 246-251)

floKaTO MMnepaTopvr 6 mji 3aeT c TOBa, npM Hero flo-

LUiiM npaTeHMflM Ha MM3MTe (6trirapMTe) m My Ka3anM, ne
TexHMST rocnoflap MCKa oSnHanHnn flaHbK m 3aTOBa m e
M3npaTMH cera npM Hero. Toíí nnaMHan o t t h s b npoTMB-
Ho Ha HaBMKa c m (3aiflOTO KaTo HOBeK c TBtpfl xapaKTep
He ce noflflaBan necHO Ha mnB) m , nflocaH m 3 b t >h BcnKa
MnpKa, Kasan c no-BMCOK o t o 6 m k h o b 6 H m h c m mac: „rio-
3opHo e cera poMeMTe, aKO Te, k o m t o noõeflMxa c opt>>KMe
BCMHKM CBOM npOTMBHMflM, TpflÕBa fla niiaiflaT flaHtK KaTO
poÕM Ha eflMH õefleH m npM TOBa npe3pnH c k m t c k m Hapofl."
Cnefl TOBa ce oõtpHan KtM c b o a poflMTen Bapfla, k o íít o
3aceflaBan b TOBa BpeMe 3aeflHO c Hero, noHe>Ke 6 m h nop-
BtamaceH 3a Kecap, m ro 3anMTan b HefloyMeHMe: „KaKBo
03HanaBa cb6MpaHeTO Ha T03M flaHtK, k o íít o MM3MTe M3-
MCKBaT o t poMeMTe? fla He c m Me poflMn po6, 6e3 caM fla
3Haem? H a3, CBeTeííwnflT poMeMCKM MMnepaTop, fla 6tfla
noflBnacTeH Ha Haíí-6eflHMflT m npe3pnH Hapofl, KaTo My

85
rmamaM flaHtK." Cnefl TOBa 3anoBHflan fla HaÕMHT npa-
TeHMflme m mm «a3an: ..BtpBeTe cm m oõafleie Ha BawMn
rocnoflap, o6neHeHMH b KO>Kyx KO>KorpM3efl: „BcecMnHMflT
m BenMK poMeíícKM MMnepaTop ifle floCífle BeflHara b c ip a -
Haia tm m ifle tm nnaTM penMfi flaHtK; TaKa Lfle ce HayHMLu
tm, TpM>KflM po6 no npafleflM, fla npM3HaBani 3a rocnoflapM
poMeMCKMTe BnafleienM, a He fla MCKauj flaHtK o t ta x KaTO
ot po6m“. C Te3M flyMM tom tm M3npaTMn fla ce BtpHaT b
CTpaHaTa cm, a nocne c flo6pe noflroTBeHa BOMCKa Tptr-
Han Ha noxofl cpem y MM3MTe m npeB3en oLfle c ntpBOTo
HanafleHMe 6nM3KMTe flo poMeMCKaTa rpaHMpa «penocTM.
Ho xaTo pa3m eflan CTpaHaTa, MMnepaTop HmkmcJdop bm-
flfln, ne TH e oõwMpHa m CTptMHa CTpaHa, 3aifl0T0 fla ce
M3pa3MM noeTMHeCKM, B CTpaHaTa Ha MM3MTe „3nMHM B tp xy
3nMHM BptxnMTaT”; TaM TecHMHM m nponacTM ce peflyBaT c
ropM m xpacTanapM, a cnefl ta x ntK MflaT ycoM m MonypM-
ifla; CTpaHaTa e M3BtHpeflHO õoraTa c boam, mhoto ropMC-
Ta m orpafleHa OTBpefl c HenpoxoflMMM nnaHMHM; pa3no-
no>xeHa e Kpaii X eM yc m Poflona m ce HanoaBa ot roneMM
peKM. HMnepaTop HmkmcJdop, KaTO BMflan TOBa, CMeTHan,
ne He TpsróBa fla boam poMei/icKaTa BOMCKa b 6e3peflMe
npe3 Te3M onacHM MecTa, 3a fla He 6m fla n npeflafle Ha
MM3MTe fla a M3KOnflT KaTO flOÕMTbK. 3aLflOTO e M3BeCTHO,
ne poMeMTe necTo ca ce HarbKBanM Ha HenpoxoflMMM Mec­
Ta b Mm3mh m bcmhkm norMBanM. 3aTOBa tom peniMn fla He
ce M3nara Ha onacHOCT b HeflocrbnHMTe m onacHM MecTa
m 3aeflHO c BoiicKaTa cm ce BtpH an s h B Bm33htmoh. Cnefl
TOBa ynocTOMn c hmh naTpMflMíí m M3BecTHMn KanoKMp,
6yeH m CMen HOBeK, m to M3npaTMn npM TaBpocKMTMTe (py-
CMTe), HapMHaHM b o6MKHOBeHM5q roBop „Poc“. Tom My flan
OKono neTHafleceT KeHTeHapMM 3naTO, 3a fla ro pa3npe-
flenM Me>Kfly Tax m fla tm CKnoHM fla OTMflaT b CTpaHaTa Ha
MM3MTe, 3a fla a 3aBnafleaT. KanoKMp no6 tp 3an fla OTMfle
npM TaBpOCKMTMTe.

86
 floKaTO wvmepaTopvr ce zan^uaaan c Te3M paõoTM
b CiipMfl m BtB Bn3aHTMOH, naTpMflnii KanoKup, M3npaTeH
npn TaBpocKMTme no papcKa Bonn, npncTnman b C k m t m h .
Toíí ce cnpnmennn c npeflBOflMTenn Ha TaBpMTe, noflKy-
nnri ro c noflaptflM, onapoBan ro c npnMaMiiMBM oõeifla-
h m h (unnoTO c k m t c k o nneMe e MSBtHpeflHO KopMCTonto6M-
Bo, HeoÕMKHOBeHo ajiHHO m noflauiHBo Ha oèemaHHH 3a
noflaptpH m noflKynn) h ro c k j io h m j i fla noTemn c ronnMa
BoiicKa cpeuny Musme. KanoKMp My npe,qno>KMn, Kara no-
6efln MH3me, fla 3aBoioBa CTpaHaTa m m h fla n npMTe>KaBa
Kara CBoe co6cTBeHO BnafleHMe, h o (CBeTocnaB) fla My
noMome cpeLfly poMeMTe, 3a fla 3aB3eMe flapcKMH npec­
Ton m fla nonynn BtpxoBHaTa BnacT b poMeiicKaTa fltp-
>KaBa. npM TOBa o6eiflan fla My flafle o t papcKaTa xa3Ha
raneMM M HeM36pOMMM CbKpOBMIfla.
KaTo nyn Te3M flyMM, CBeTocnaB (TaKa ro n a p m a m
TaBpMTe) He 6nn b ctcTOflHMe fla yfltpwM nopMBa c m . 0 6 -
3eT o t Hafle>KflM 3a õoraTCTBO, t o íí MeHTaen fla 3aBnaflee
CTpaHaTa Ha MM3MTe. npM TOBa Kara HOBeK nnaMeHeH m
CMen, cMneH m pewMTeneH, t o íí npMBnnKbn flnnaTa Mna-
fle>K Ha TaBpMTe 3a T03M noxofl. í/l rbíí t o íí obõpan BOíícKa
o t inecTfleceT XMnnflM xpa6pM b o m h m l im , 6e3 HaeMHMflM,
m Tptm an cpeLfly MM3MTe 3aeflH0 c naTpMflMii KanoKMp,
c KoroTO ce cõhmkmhm npe3 npMHTencTBO Kara c pofleH
6paT. LL|om npennyBan 1/lcTtp m Bene ce roTBen fla cne3e
Ha õpera, MM3MTe pa36panM i o k b o CTaBa, cb6panM b o í í -
CKa o t OKono TpMfleceT XMnnflM flyniM m ce ontnnMnM
cpeLfly Hero. 06ane TaBpMTe CTpeMMTenHO ce cnycHanM
o t noflKMTe m c M3BafleHM Hanpefl LflMTOBe m c M3BafleHM
MenoBe 3anoHHanM o t b c m h k m CTpaHM fla M36MBaT MM3MTe.
A MM3MTe, KaTo He MornM fla noHecaT flopM m ntpBMn Ha-
nop, ce o6tpHanM b 6nrcTB0 m 6e3cnaBHO ce 3aTBopMnM
b flopocTon (fl«a MM3MiicKa KpenocT). KasBaT, ne b TOBa
BpeMe BOKfltT Ha MM3MTe fleTtp, ÕOrontOÕMB M flOCTOH-

87
h u m Mt>K, o n e n a n e H o t H e o n a K B a H O T O GnrcTBO , n o n y H M n
e n m ie n T H M e H y q a p m K a i o npe>KM Bnn oLfle M a n K o B p e M e
c n e f l TO Ba, H a n y c H a n T03M c b a t . Ho TO Ba HeLflo c e c n y -
HM no b M m 3 m h n o -K t c H O . K a i o y 3 H a n 3 a H a n a fle H n e T O H a
T a B p m e , p o M e iic K M H T M M n e p a T o p HMKMcfiop, ko m to m 6e3
T O B a 6 n n rpM>KnMB, õ flM T e n e H m S y fle H n p e 3 fle n M n >k m bo t

m He c e O T fla B a n B to Õ L fle H a h m k 3 kbm y q o B o n c T B M n ... c e r a

ce 3aen c m h o t o p a õ o T M : n e x o T H a T a B o iic K a n p M ro T B n n ,
O TpeflM Te B t o p t w a B a n , K a B a n e p M n T a C T p o n B a n b flt n 6 o -
HMHa, B t B e n T e w K O B t o p t w e H a T a KOHHMfla. Toíí nocTpoM n
M e T a T e n H M M an iM H M m tm n o c T a B M n H a rpaflC K M T e CTeHM;
s a B t p s a n H a K y n a T a , H a p n n a H a oÕ M KH O BeH O K e H T aH ap M ii,
Te>KKa >Kenn3Ha B e p M ra m K aTo n n p e x a p a n n p e 3 BoccjD opa,
n o fln p n H a H a o r p o M H M rpeflM , n p M K p e n n n n 3 a K y n a T a K a c -
T e n M ii H a o T B tflH M H 6pnr. K a r a H O BeK o n M T e H m c t> o 6 p a 3 M -
TeneH no B en e o t b c m h k m , ko m to no3HaBaM e, t o íí CM eTH an,
n e Lfle 6 t f l e B p e flH o 3 a H ero, aKO n p e f ln p M e M e B O ÍÍH a c p e -
m y f lB a T a H a p o fla . M T b ii to m C M e T H a n , ne Lfle M y 6 t f l e
n o n e 3 H O , aKO n p M B n e n e H a C B o n C T p a H a eflMHMH o t t a x .
Toíí M M c n e n , n e M M eH H O n o T a K b B h b h m h Lfle H a flB M e H a ii-
n e c H o f lp y r n n H a p o f l m Lfle ro n o K o p n n o - 6 t p 3 o .
C n e f l TO Ba, noHe>Ke O T K a 3 a n f la n p e r o B a p n c T a B p M T e
(t o íí 3 H a e n , n e n a T p M flM íí K a n o K M p , k o íít o B e n e B e f lH t w c e
6 n n oTKnoHM n o t n p a B M n n tT , O T X B b p n M n H e roB aT a B n acT
m M M a n r o n n M o B n n n H M e n p e fl C B e r a c n a B , H f lM a n o n e c H O
fla c e n o K o p n H a H e r o B a T a B o n n ), p e u jM n fla M 3npaTM n p a -
TeHM HeCTBO nO -CKO pO npM CBOMTe e flM H O B e p flM MM3MTe.
1/1 T b íí t o íí M 3 n p aT M n K a r a n p a T e H M flM npM t h x naT pM flM n
HMKMCjDOp, n o T p n K O p EpOTM K, M O M n O T e íí eBXaM TM ÍÍC KM n
n p o e f lt p . Toíí m m n p M n o M H M n 3 a B n p a T a , 3aiflOTO MM3MTe
M 3 n o B n flB a T 6 e 3 n o r p e w H o x p m c t m h h c k o t o yneHM e, m noM c-
K a n fle B o iiK M o t fla p c K M n p o fl, 3 a f la m o>KeHM 3 a cM H O B eT e
H a M M n e p a T o p P o M a H , T a n p e 3 T O B a p o flC T B O f la c e y K p e n M
Hepa3pM BHO pa3Õ M p aT encT B0 m n p M H T e n cT B O Me»<fly p o -

88
M en m MH3U. M n 3 m e c p a flocT n ocp eu u H a n n npaTeHMflMTe,
KannriM Ha k o h h fleBOMKM o t p a p c x a K p tB ... M 3npaTnnn rm
n p n M M ne p aT op HmkmcJdop m ro yM onym anM HacTOMMMBo fla
TM 3aiflMTM KOHKOTO MO>Ke nO-CKOpO, KaTO OTKHOHM M 06e 3-
BpeflM HaflBM CHanaTa Hafl BpaTOBeTe mm c e x n p a Ha TaBpM-
Te. Te flo6aBMHM, Me aKO mm noM orH e, tom 6m o flt p w a n no-
6 efla Hafl TaBpMTe, a n o c n e Hafl bcmmkm, npoTMB kom to 6m
M3npaTMH p o M e iic K a BOMCKa... Taxa MM3MTe yM onM TenH o
npoTnrariM p t p e , K a ra motimjim M M n e p a T op a fla tm 3aiflMTM.
Ho flOKaTO tom ce npM roTBnn 3a noxofl, n onyM M no c e M3-
BecTMe 3a npeB3eM aH eTO Ha B e n M K a Ahtm oxm h.

nP0 1fll'b/l>KMTE/lflT HA rEOPTM M O HAX

(ri/IBH, t. 6, 1 9 6 5 , CTp. 1 5 0 - 1 5 3 )

Ha 27 M a ii, n e T H a fle c e T M mhamkt, y M p n n n p e flB O flM T e -

n flT H a B t n r a p n n C M M e o H , c n e f l K a r a o c T a B M n 3 a B n a f le ­
T e n CM H a cm r ie T t p , KoroTO M M a n o t B T o p a T a cm >KeHa. Tn
6 M n a c e c T p a H a T e o p rM C y p c y B y n , k o to to C M M e o H o c T a -
BM n m 3 a HacTOMHMK H a f le p a T a cm. A M M x a n n , p o fle H o t
n t p B a T a M y >KeHa, tom n o flC T p M ra n 3 a M O H a x . B p a T flT a Ha
n e r b p , \Ab b h m B e H M a M M H , o ip e c e o 6 n M M a n M b é t n r a p c K a
HOCMfl.
\A T b ii o K o n H M T e n n e M e H a , m m chho x t p B a T M T e m o c-
T a H a n M T e , K a r a HayM M nM 3 a C M t p r r a H a Cm m coh, 33mmc-
n n n M f la T p t m a T H a n o x o fl c p e m y 6 t n r a p M T e . noH e>K e
r n a fl e t c CKaxanpM CTpaw HO M 3 M tH B a n è tn ra p M T e , to
T e c e c T p a x y B a n M m o t H a n a fle H M e T o m H a flp y rM T e cm c t -
ceflM , h o OLfle n o B e n e c e C T p a x y B a n M o t H a x n y B a H e T O H a
p o M e M T e . T o r a B a , c n e f l KaTO H a n p a B M n M c t B e if la H M e , Te
c e O T n p aB M n M H a n o x o fl c p e L fly p o M e M T e m npM CTM THanM
b M a x e flO H M fl, 3 a f la BHym aT, KaKTO M3rne>Kfla, C T p a x Ha
p o M e M T e . C n e f l TO Ba, KaTO p a 3 6 p a n M , Me M M n e p a T o p t T

89
Bt3HaMepflBa fla T p tm e Ha noxofl cpeifly t a x , rierbp m l~e-
oprn M3npaTnrn TaíÍHO h h k o m c m MOHax Ha MMe KanoKMp,
apMeHefl no npoM3XOfl, e t c 3naTonenaTHO nMCMO, KoeTO
rnaenno, ne Te xcenanT m m p c poMeMTe m He ca t o t o b m fla
ce cnopa3yMe«T 3a MMpa. I/I He caMO TOBa, h o aKO McxanM,
iflenM fla cxnKDHaT m õpaneH ctio3.
1/lMnepaTopvr, xa io npMen HaM-pa,qywHO T03M mo-
Hax, BeflHara M3npaTMn c flpoMOH b MeceMBpMn MOHaxa
TeoflocMM AByx m BacMnMíí Poamm fla yroBopm c õ tn ra -
pMTe ycnoBM m a Ha MMpa. Cnefl xa io CTMTHanM TaM m yro-
BopMnM Haflne>KHOTO, Te Tptm anM no cyina e tc CrecjDaH
BtnrapMHa. Cnefl ta x oTMintn m TeoprM CypcyByn. ULJom
CTMmanM b LJapMrpafl, cxniOHMnM mmp m noMcxanM fla Ha-
npaBnT floroBop c MMnepaTopa. KaTo BMflenM fltiflepnTa
Ha MMnepaTop XpMCToejDop MapMn, Te mhoto n xapecanM
m nMcanM Ha nerbp BeflHara fla flOMfle. A npeflM TOBa flo-
ninM flo cnopa3yMeHMe othocho CKmoneHMn MMp.
MarMCTtp HMKMTa, TtcT Ha MMnepaTop PoMaH, ÕMn
M3npaTeH fla nocpeiflHe m fla flOBefle lle T tp flo CTonMfla-
Ta. KoraTO B tn rap M H tT n e rb p npMCTMman, MMnepaTop
PoMaH ce KaHMn Ha eflHa Tpnepa, npMCTMman B tB B na-
xepHMTe m xaTO BMflnn flomnMn npM Hero neTtp, np ertp -
Han ro. Cnefl xaTO yroBopMnM noMexcfly c m Haflne>KHMTe
pa6oTM, Te noflnMcanM m m p h m h floroBop m õpaHHMH cti03;
cBMfleTen ÕMn npoTOBecTMapMM TeocjDaH, k o m t o nocTOHH-
HO ype>Kflan OTHomeHMHTa Me>Kfly õtnrapMTe m poMeMTe.
Ha o c m m o k t o m b p m naTpMapx CTecjDaH saeflHO c npo­
TOBecTMapMM Teoc^aH, M a p ms, fltiflepnTa Ha XpMCToejDop,
m flenMH ceHaT OTMinnM b xpaM a Ha npecBeTa BoropoflMqa
Ha H3Bopa, 6narocnoBMnM n e T tp m M apnn m nono>KMnM
CBaT6eHMTe BeHflM Ha rnaBMTe m m , npM Koera KyMyBanM
npoTOBecTMapMM TeocjDaH m TeoprM CypcyByn. Cnefl KaTo
ÕMn flafleH BenMKoneneH m M30ÕMneH oõnfl m cnefl KaTo
ÕMnM õnecTHLflo M3ntnHeHM b c m h k m CBaTÕeHM oÕMHaM,

90
npoTOBecTkiapMM Teoc|3aH 3aeflHO c flbiflepnTa Ha MMnepa-
Top XpwcTOcjDop Mapmi ce BtpHanM b rpafla.
Ha TpeTMB fleH Ha CBaTÕaTa MMnepaTop PoMaH flan
Ttp>KecTBeHO yroifleHMe Ha CKenma Ha MMnepaTopcKMfl
flpoMOH npM l/l3BopMTe, Kaio ft yKpacMn c KonpMHeHM no-
CTMnKM. TaM nnpyBanM MMnepaTop PoMaH 3aeflH0 e tc 3eT
My KoHCTaHTMH, cMHa My XpMCTOcfiop m EtnrapMHa llerbp.
rioHe>Ke õbnrapMTe M3B-bHpeflHO mhoto HacTonBanM HaPi-
Hanpefl fla 6-bfle npMBeTCTByBaH XpMCToefcop, a cnefl TOBa
KoHCTaHTMH, MMnepaTop PoMaH OTCTbnMn Ha thxhoto
HacTonBaHe m CTaHano TaKa, KoeTO Te >KenaenM.
Cnefl KaTo b c m h k m CBaTÕeHM o 6 m h 3 m ÕMnM M3ntnHe-
h m m MapMn ÕMna Bene Ha n v r fla T ptm e 3a EtnrapMB
c Mt>Ka c m rierbp, HePiHMTe poflMTenM ft npMflpy>KMnM flo
E b a o m o h 3aeflHO c npoTOBecTMapMM TeocfDaH. Cnefl KaTO
o6nflBanM TaM c rierbp, KoraTO flornno BpeMe 3a TptrBa-
He, Te npertpHanM fltm epn c m m nponenM m h o t o ctnsM,
KoeTO e peflHO npM pa3flnna c MMno neflo. ripertpHanM
m 3eT c m m KaTo npeflanM MapMn b ptfleTe My, BtpHanM
ce b flBopepa. MapMn, npeflafleHa b õtnrapcKM ptpe,
T p tm a n a 3a EtnrapMn, eflHOBpeMeHHO paflocTHa m ne-
nanHa: onenaneHa, 3aiflOTO ce nMinaBana o t nioÕMMMTe
c m poflMTenM, o t uapcKMn flBopeu m o t o6iflyBaHeTO e tc
CBOMTe cpoflHMflM, h o M paflocTHa, 3aiflOTO ce o>KeHMna
3a flap m ÕMna npoBb3rnaceHa sa õtnrapcKa flapMfla.
BnponeM Tft 3aMMHana, KaTo B3ena e tc ceõe c m m BenM-
KOnenHM M pa3HOOÕpa3HM CKbnOfleHHOCTM M HeM30pOMM
HeM3.
ripoTMB llerbp EbnrapMHa ÕMno HanpaBeHO noKy-
LueHMe o t õpaT My \Asan m flpyrM BenMO>KM Ha CMMeoH.
Cnefl KaTO ÕMnM 3anoBeHM, MBaH ÕMn ÕMHyBaH m 33 t b o -
peH b TtMHMfla, a flpyrMTe ÕMnM noflXBtpneHM Ha He-
ManKM HaKa3aHMn. KoraTO llerbp ctoõiflMn TOBa Ha MM­
nepaTop PoMaH, MMnepaToptT M3npaTMn MOHaxa MoaH,

91
k o m t o 6nn CTaHan peKTop, nofl n p efln orfla HanpaBM pa3-
MBHa Ha 3an o B eH m e nneHHMfln, a b CbLflHOCT fla B3eMe
e t c ce6e cn 1/lBaHa n fla ro flOBefle b L4apnrpafl (KoeTo n
CTaHano). Ton ce Kannn 3aeflHO c MBaH Ha eflMH Kopa6 b
M eceM Bpnn n npncT nm an b cTonnflaTa. HeMHoro BpeMe
cnefl TOBa MBaH 3 a x B tp n n n MOHamecKOTO paco n nonc-
Kan fla ce o>KeHn. ToraBa M M nepaTopvr M y flan Ktifla,
MHoro h m o t h n >KeHa, k o h t o npon3xo>Kflana o t co6cTBe-
HOTO OTenecTBo Ha MMnepaTopa, ApMeHnaK. Ton Hanpa-
BMn BennKonenHa CBaTÕa b KbiflaTa Ha Kecapn, npn Koe-
TO KyMyBann MMnepaTop XpncTocjDop m M O H axvr MoaH,
k o m t o 6 n n peKTop.
CnoMeHaTaTa BHyHKa Ha MMnepaTop PoMaH, M apnn,
>KeHa Ha lle rb p B tn ra p n H a, necTO MflBana b CTonnflaTa,
sa fla BMflM 6am a c m m flHflo c m . IlocneflHnH n v r flom na
c TpMTe c m flepa, KoraTO 6aifla n XpncTocf)op 6 n n Bene
noHMHan. M rbií, cnefl k o t o nonynnna o t flHflo c m ronHMO
M 3HaHMTenHO õoraTCTBO, t h c m saMMHana c nonecTM.

CKM/IMUA-KEAPMH
(TMBM, T. 6, 1965, CTp. 2 5 5 -2 5 9 )

Cnefl HeroBaTa CM tpT (Ha CMMeoH) BnacTTa Hafl

6tnrapM Te npnen n e rb p , pofleH o t BTopaTa My >KeHa,
cecTpa Ha reoprn CypcyByn, k o t o t o CMMeoH 6nn nocTa-
BMn M 3a HacToííHMK Ha fleuaTa c m . 3aifl0T0 oifle npnwn-
Be t o m 6nn noflCTpMran 3a m o h b x pofleHMH o t ntpBaTa
My >KeHa c m h M nxan n . TypKM, c tp 5 n , xtpBaTM m flpyrnTe
HapoflM, KaTO Haynnnn 3a C M tp rra Ha CnMeoH, pew nnn
fla ce OTnpaBHT Ha noxofl cpeLfly 6i>nrapnTe. A õ tn ra p -
CKMHT Hapofl 6n n cnoneTHH o t ronnM rnafl m CKaKanpn,
KoeTo cnnHO M 3M tHBano MacnTe m yHMLflo>KMno xpaHMTe.
M T tíí õ tn ra p n T e ce CTpaxyBanM m o t HaxnyBaHeTO Ha

92
flp yrm e Hapofln, a OLpe noBeae ce y n n a w n n n o t Hana-
fleHneTO Ha poM em e. K a io ce noctB eT Ban e t c CBom e
xopa, n e T tp pew nn fla npeflnpneMe noxofl cpeifly po­
MeMTe, 3a fla tm crmaLUM. 1/1 T tn õtnrapM Te CTnm ann b
MaKeflOHMA. Cnefl TOBa, KaTo y3HanM, ne MMnepaToptT
e T p tm a n cpeLfly Tax, k h h 3v t Ha B tn ra p n a n e T tp m Ha-
CTOMHMKtT Ha CMMeoHOBMTe flefla TeoprM TanHo M3npa-
TMnM eflMH MOHax c nMCMO, Me McxaT fla cKmoaaT m m p c
poMeMTe, a aKO xce n a aT - m õpaaeH floroBop. klMnepaTO-
p tT npMen flow nna npaTeHMK m h o p o paflywHO m BeflHara
npaTMn c flpoMOH h s k o m c m m o h b x Teoflocnn m MMnepa-
TopcKMa KnMpMK KoHCTaHTMH PoflMM, 3a fla nperoBapaT B
M eceM Bpna c õtnrapM Te o t h o c h o MMpa. Te npncTnm a-
nM m cnefl KaTo roBopMnM 3a b c m h k o HeoõxoflMMO, 3 aB tp -
HanM ce no cyina 3aeflHO c h a k o m c m CTecjDaH, m m c h m t
MOBex b B tn ra p n a . C nefl Tax npncTnm an m HacTOMHM-
KtT TeoprM C ypcyByn c h b k o m flpyrM 3H3 t h m nnpa. Te ce
npeflCTaBMnM Ha MMnepaTopa, BMflenM m M apna, fltifle-
paTa Ha MMnepaTop XpMCToejDop, m m h o r d a xapecanM,
noHe>Ke ce OTnnaaBana c «pacoTaTa c m . Te nMcanM Ha
n e T tp fla floíífle õtp30, cnefl KaTo npeflBapMTenHo ce
cnopa3yMenM o t h o c h o MMpa. l/l3npaTeH ÕMn m M arncT tp
HMKMTa, CB3T Ha MMnepaTop PoMaH, fla nocpeLflHe m flo-
Befle n e T tp flo cm nnpaTa. KoraTO T03M cTnm an B n a-
xepHMTe, MMnepaToptT OTMLUtn fla ro nocpeiflHe c Tpn-
epa, n p ertp H an ro m My oxa3an flocTOMHa noHMT. Cnefl
KaTO c m Ka3anM eflMH Ha flpyr TOBa, KoeTO nofloõaBano,
Te CKntoMMnM MMpHMa m õpaMHMa floroBop, KaTo npoTO-
BecTMapMM TeocjDaH nocpeflHMMMn B tB b c m m k o . A Ha 8 o k -
TOMBpM naTpnapx CTecjDaH M 3na3tn c npoTOBecTnapna
TeocjDaH m penna ceHaT m õnarocn oB n n n e T tp m M a p n a b
xpaM a Ha npecBeTa Boropoflnpa npn H3Bopa; CBMfleTe-
nn 0MnM npoTOBecTMapnaT n CypcyByn. C nefl CBaTÕaTa,
KoaTo õ n n a õnecTaipa m pa3KoniHa, npoTOBecTnapnaT ce

93
B tpH an B CTonMpaTa c fltLpepnTa Ha MMnepaTopa. A Ha
TpeTMA fleH cnefl 6paKoctneTaHMeTO M M nepaTopvr flan
yroifleHMe Ha CKenaia npM M3Bopa. 1/lMnepaTopcKMm
flpoMOH CTonn flo c a M a ia CKenn, flOKaio M M nepaTopvr
o6?iflBan c rierbp. Ha yroifleHMeio npMCbCTByBanM M M ­
nepaTop KoHCTaHTMH M XpMCTOcfrop. O t CTpaHa Ha 6 t n -
rapMTe n tK ÕMno nponBeHO HeManKO HeflOBoncTBo: Te
HacTOflBanM Ha ntpBO m h c t o fla 6 t p e npMBeTCTByBaH
XpMCToejDop, a nocne KoHCTaHTMH. HMnepaTop PoMaH
OTCTtnMn Ha HacTOBBaHeTO mm m 3anoBflflan fla CTaHe
TaKa. KoraTO ce 3aBtpujM no b c m h k o o 6 m h 3 m h o npM Ta-
KMBa cnynaM, MapMfl c M tw a cm T p tm a n a 3a BtnrapM n.
Tn 6 n n a M3npaTeHa flo E b a o m o h o t poflMTenMTe cm m o t
npoTOBecTMapMn. TaKa saBtpuiM nM ctÕMTMHTa b CTonM-
paTa.
Cpeifly KHH3a Ha õtnrapM Te Íle T tp ce npoTMBonoc-
TaBMn 6paT My \Ab b h 3aeflH0 c flpyrM ÓtnrapcKM BenMo-
>km. Ho MBaH ÕMn 3anoBeH, 6MnyBaH m XBtpneH b TtMHM-
pa, a bcmhkm ocTaHanM 6v\n\A noflno>KeHM Ha H3M-Te>KKM
HaKa3aHMB. Íle T tp cto6iflM n 3a cnyHMnoTO ce m Ha MM­
nepaTop PoMaH. KaTo HayHMn TOBa, T03M npaTMn MOHaxa
1/loaH, 6 m b lu peKTop, y>K 3a pa pa3MeHM nneHHMpMTe, a
b fleMCTBMTenHocT, 3a p a HaMepM \Ab b h no KaKtBTO m pa
e H3HMH m p a ro poBefle b 14apMrpap. Taxa m CTaHano.
PeKToptT ycnnn pa OTBnene \Ab b h , Kannn ce Ha Kopaõ
b MeceMBpMH m 3aepHO c Hero npMCTMman b CTonMpa-
Ta. H He cn ep fltn ro \Ab b h X B tp n n n MOHainecKOTO ope-
HHMe, noMCKan p a MMa >KeHa m ce oweHMn, m ocBeH TOBa
nonyHMn p o m m TB tp p e m h o t o mmotm. C t ip o m M nxann,
ppyrMST ileTpoB 6paT, MeMTaen p a 3aB3eMe BnacTTa b
BtnrapM n. Tom 3aBnaflnn eflHa CMnHa KpenocT, 3anon-
Han p a CMyipaBa 6tnrapcKM Te pa6oTM m MH03MHa 6 tn ra -
pM ce npMctepMHMnM KtM Hero. Ho to m yM pnn Hacxopo
m npMBtp>KeHMflMTe, noHe>Ke ce CTpaxyBanM o t rHeBa Ha

94
nerbp, HaBne3nn b p o M e iiC K H T e 3 e M M n p e 3 M a K e flO H M n ,
C tpmmoh h E n a fla . Kaio o n y c T O L u m in bcuhko no n t ™
cm , s a B n a f le n M HM Konon m c e y c ia H O B M J iM b H e ro , no-
K t c H O , n o õ e fle H M b p a 3 n M H H M cpa>KeH M H , T e c e n o K o p M n M
Ha poM eMTe.
nerbp, LjapHT H a õ b n r a p M T e , B b s o Õ H O B M n M M p a B e fl-
Hara c n e f l C M b p r r a H a w e H a cm m C K ntoH M n f lo r o B o p c mm-
n e p a io p M T e (B a c M n M M II m K o h c t3 h tm h VIII), K a io fla n 3a
3anO>KHM14M M C 0 6 C T B e H M T e CM C M H O B e E o p M C M P o M a H .
He c n e f l f l b n r o to m n o H M H a n ...
B M e T B t p T a T a ro flM H a o t fla p y B a H e T o cm n p e 3 M e -
c e f l KDHM, 10-TM MHflMKT (HMKMCjDOp) O T M W b n fla H 3BeC T M
TpaK M M CK M Te r p a flO B e m KaTO C T M m a n f lo rbíí H apeneHM H
T o n n M O Ko n, n M c a n H a nerbp, B n a f le T e n n H a B t n r a p M n ,
fla H e f lo n y if la T ypK M Te (M a f lw a p M T e ) f la n p e M M H a B a T l/lc-
Tbp m fla o n y c T o m a B a T p o M e M C K M T e 3eM M . Ho noHew e
n e T t p H e ro n o c n y w a n , a O T K a 3 B a n n o fl pa3n M M H M n p e fl-
n o 3 M , HmkmcJdop M 3 n p a T M n C M H a H a x e p c o H C K M H y n p a B M -
Ten - K a n o K M p , KaTO ro n o n e n c i m n a naT pM flM M , npM
pycKM n khh3 C B e T o c n a B , 3a fla ro y õ e flM c o é e if la H M n 3 a
f l a p o B e m H e M a n K M n o n e c T M f la n p e f ln p M e M e n o x o f l c p e ­
Lfly õ b n r a p M T e . n p o n e e p y c M T e c e c b r n a c M n M m H a x n y n M
b B b n r a p M n n p e 3 M e c e f l a B ry c T , 1 1 -tm m ham kt, b n e T a T a
r o flM H a o t f la p y B a H e T o H a HmkmcJdop. Te p a 3 op M n M M H oro
6 b n ra p cK M r p a f lO B e m 3 e M M m K a r a c b 6 p a n M r p a M a f lH a
n n n H K a , B b p H a n M c e b C T p a H a T a cm.

MOAH 30HAPA
(ri/IBI/l, t. 7, 1968, CTp. 17 8-179)

LLJom C M M e o H H a n y c H a n T o n c b h t , B n a c T T a H a fl 6 b n -
r a p M T e n p e M M H a n a B b p x y n e T b p , p o fle H o t B T o p a T a M y
>xeHa. Tom, noHe>Ke õ b n r a p c K M H T H a p o f l 6 M n M 3 M b H B a H

95
o t rn a fl m noHe>Ke c e C T p a x y B a n fla He 6 h O K o n H m e Ha-
poflM fla n o T e rn n T c p e ifly Hero, a npeflM b c m m k o p o M e n -
T e , n 3 n p a T n n x o p a n p n H M n e p a io p a , 3a fla c k t i i o h h m m p ,
a a x o t o m 6 m n o w e n a n , m 6 p a n e H cbK>3 c Hero. I1oHe>Ke
m flBeTe npeflno>KeHMfl c e noHpaBM JiM Ha M M n e p a T o p a ,

np M C T M m a n m caM M H T rierbp. E n n CKm oneH flo r o B o p 3a

MMp m c e C B t p 3 a n 6 p a n e H cb t03 Me>Kfly H ero m BHyHKa-
Ta Ha M M n e p a T o p a , flb ifle p a T a Ha HaM-CTapMH M y c m h
XpMCT0C|30p.
A MMnepaTop PoMaH, KaTo He ce 3aflOBonaBan c
TOBa, fleTO nocTaBMn no-HMCKO ot ce6e cm MMnepaTop
KoHCTaHTMH, TbpcMn noBOfl fla nocTaBM npefl Hero m
X pMCToejDop. T om noflyHMn Cb6paHMTe 6bnrapM, komto
ÕMnM TaM no BpeMe Ha CBaT6aTa, fla ce noKa>KaT Heflo-
BonHM m fla noMCKaT fla 6bfle npMBeTCTByBaH XpMCToefcop
npeflM KoHCTaHTMH, KaTo npeflCTaBMn, ne yw nopaflM
TOBa HeflOBoncTBO e oTcrbnMn Ha Mon6aTa m m ...
I/I T b i i n p e f l B O f l M T e n n T H a 6 t n r a p M T e n e T t p , c n e f l
KaTo y M p a n a H e ro B a T a w eHa, n o flH O B M n f lo r o B o p a c p o­
M e M T e m f l a n C M H O B e T e cm E o p M C m P o M a H 3 a 3 a n o > K H M flM .
KoraTO TypKMTe - CMpen yrpMTe (Mafl>KapMTe) - ony-
CTOinaBanM TpaKMMCKMTe o6nacTM, MMnepaTop H mkmc^ o p
nMcan Ha 6tnrapcKMfl flap fla He tm nycxa fla npeMMHaBaT
flyHaBa m fla onycTOinaBaT poMeiicKaTa fltpw aBa. A tom
He nocnyiuan, Kara Ka3an: „KoraTO Te BoioBaxa cpeifly
Hac, npM Bee ne 6e noBMKaH ot Hac, tm He now ena fla
hm flOMflein Ha noMOifl. H cera, KoraTO no npMHy>KfleHMe
HMe cKnKDMMXMe ctK)3 c Tax, tm hm Kapaiii fla HapyuiMM
floroBopa, fla BflMmeM opt>KMe cpeifly t a x m fla 3anon-
HeM 6e3npMMMHHa BOMHa." npoqee, cnefl KaTo nonyHMn
OTK33 ot Tax, H mkmcJdop M3npaTMn npaTeHMflM npM KHn3a
Ha PycMfl CBeTocnaB, Kara ro noflTMKBan cpeifly 6 tn r a -
pMTe. 3aTOBa tom M3npaTMn b P y c KanoKMp, c m h b Ha xep-
coHCKMfi npoTeBOH. IA TtM pycxa BoiicKa noTernMna Ha

96
noxofl c p e ifly 6 b a r a p M T e m o n y c T o u m a a r o a a M a s a d o t
CTp a H a T a m m m O T K a p a a a OTTaM 6 e 3 6 p o iiH a n a a a K a .

/lMYTnPAHA
(Jll/IBM, t . 2, 1960, CTp. 319, 323-324, 326-327)

l/l tt>m, c a e fl HaxoaKO roflMHM, KoraTO Ha M3TOK m Ha

tor hmkom He 6 n a b cb C T o aH M e fla c e npoTM BonocTaBM Ha
yH rapflM T e - 3acTaBeHM 6 \ a h \a fla mm n a a ifla T fla H b K flopM
õ t a r a p M T e m rbpflMTe...
no c t if lO T o BpeM e CM MeoH E ta ra p c K M 3anoaH aa
y c M a e H O f la o n y c T o ia a B a 3 e M M T e mm . Ho P o M a H y x p o T M a
o õ x B a H a a a T a ro a p o c T m ro n p M B b p 3 a a K b M c e 6 e cm ape3
np M H T e acKM flo r o B o p , KaTO f l a a flb L fle p a T a H a C B o a cmh
X pMCTOcfiop 3 a c b n p y r a H a C M M e o H O B M a l l e r b p , komto m
f lo c e r a e >k m b . 3 a T O B a m fle B M fla T a n p o M e H M a a MMeTO cm m
6 M a a H a p e a e H a M p M H a, C M p e a „M M p“, rbi/i KaTO 6 a a r o f l a p e -
HMe H a H e a Mex<fly 6 b a r a p M T e m rb p flM T e e 6 n a y c T a H O B e H
3 flp a B MMp.
T o m 3 a n o B a ,q a H a M e H e , B b n p e K M , n e 6 a x flO C T a M3-
M opeH ot npa3H M H H M Te q e p e M O H M M , a c b if lo m Ha 6 b a -
rap c K M T e npaTeH M flM , komto 6 a x a n p M C T M m a a M n p e flH M a
fle H , fla c e c p e iflH e M c H e ro b flb p K B a T a „ C b . A n o c T o a M 11.
1/1 KoraTO c a e f l M H o r o c a o B H M T e n e c H o n e H M a m O Tcayw Ba-
He H a a M T y p r n a T a 6 a x M e n o x a H e H M Ha Tpane3aTa, tom,
o a e B M flH O 3 a f la bm yHM>KM, mom aBrycTeM LU M r o c n o fla p M ,
n o c T a B M n p e fl M e H e H a O T c a M H a T a m C T p a H a , x oaT O 6 e m e
TacH a m f lb a r a , õ b a r a p c K M a npaTeH M K, komto 6 e iiie octpm-
raH n o y H rap cK M o 6 M a a M , 6 e i a e n p e n a c a H c M e flH a BepM>K-
Ka m n p a B e i a e B n e a a T a e H M e H a o r a a ia e H . 3 a p a f lM B a c 6 a x
n p e H e õ p e rH a T , a a p a flM B a c 6 a x n p e 3 p a H , O T X B b p a e H ... Ho,
a 3 r o c n o fla p M mom , H a n y c H a x T p a n e 3 a T a , KaTO BM>Kflax, a e
oÕMflaTa e He c p e L fly M e H e , a c p e L fly B a c . M KoraTO B b 3 M y -

97
TeH n o M C K a x p a c m O TM pa, 6 p a r b T H a M M n e p a T o p a - K y p o -
n a n a r b T JTbB - m n t p B M P T c e x p e T a p C M M e o H c e c n y c H a x a
c n e p M e H m p > K aB K a x a: „K oraT O 6 t n r a p c K M iiT p a p r i e r b p c e
>KeHeLue 3 a p t i p e p n T a H a XpMCToejDop, 6 e C K n to n e H a K neT-
B e H a „CMMct)OHa“, c n p e n n M C M e H O c b rn a i± ie H M e - y Hac
6 t n r a p c K M T e n p a T e H M p M p a c e TanaT, y B a> K a B aT m n p e p -
noH M TaT n p e p a n o c T o n M T e , T.e. n p a T e H M p M T e H a b c m h k m
H a p o flM . E t n r a p c K M H T n paTeH M K, aKO m p a e o c T p M ra H , H e-
m m t m n p e n a c a H c M e p H a B e p M ra , KaKTO t m K a 3 B a iu , n t K m
HaM CTM H a e r b M , B e e n a K t o m e naTpM flM M m HMe m m c t im m m
C M B T a M e 3 a H e c n p a B e p n M B O p a c e n p e p n o H M T a n p e p H e ro
e p M H e n M C K on , m t o cjDpaHKCKM...11

n O B E C T 3 A I/I3M I/IH A ÍII/ITE T O flH H M

(rioBecTb BpeMeHHbix neT)
(ilo B e c T b Bp eM eH H b ix neT, n e p e B o p fl. C. JlM xan eBa
m B. A. P o M a H O B a . M. - Jl, 1950, CTp. 47.)

B roflMHa 6475 (967) C B e T O c n a B c e OTnpaBM npoTMB

õ tn r a p M T e npM fly H a B a . M 3anoH H anM p a c e cpa>KaBaT
flBeTe CTpaHM. C B e T O c n a B H ap BM n 6 tn ra p M T e , n p e B se n
80 TexHM KpenocTM Ha f ly H a B a m 3 a n o H H an fla y n p a B n n B a
TaM, b flp e c n a B e p , KaTo B 3 e M a n f la H t K o t rtp p M T e .
 C W T b P ^ A H H E

B b B e p e H M e .................................................................... 5

ritp B O H aH an H M T e fleiícTBMfl Ha p a p n e T t p I
m flo r o B o p t T o t 9 2 7 roflM H a............................................ 7

M m ph m st n e p n o fl b 6tnrapo-BM 3aHTM M CKM Te

OTHOLueHMfi npM p a p n e T t p 1........................................ 2 7

P a 3 B a rm H e Ha OTHoineHMfiTa Me>Kfly E t n r a p M n
M BM 3aH TM fI M n O X O fltT H a KMeBCKMn KHA3
CBeTocnaB b E t n r a p M a ................................................4 8

3 aio iK )H e H M e ................................................................ 61

M3BOPM ........................................................................ 6 7

M 3 n o n 3 B a H a n M T e p a T y p a .............................................. 6 8

H 3non3BaH M c t K p a ip e H M n ............................................ 7 6

H3BOPM 3a 6 tn rapO -B M 3 aH TM M C K M Te OTHOLLieHMfl

npe3 ynpaBneHMeTO Ha pap neTtp I ............................ 7 7

0 6 p . 1 n p e fln o n a ra e M M rpaHMpM Ha Etn rapM jq

npM ynpaBneHMeTO Ha pap neTtp 1.............................. 9 9
0 6 p . 2 EpoH 30Ba M aTpnpa 3a nenaTM Ha pap n e r b p I 100
 CraHMMMp 3Be3flOB

BTijirAPO-BHSAHTHHCKHTE
OTHOIIIEHHfl
IIPHIJAP IIETbP I

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IIi. p B O H3flam ie

PeflaKTop TTjiaMeH AHaKneB

IIp ean e naT Bmcrop ly n e B

OopMaT 16/60x84

HK Oanedcuio

ISBN 978-619-7261-14-1
 CTaHMMMp 3Be3flOB e pofleH npe3
1985 r. b rijiOBflM B. n p e 3 2010 r. 3 a -
BtpujBa e t c CTeneH 6aKanaBbp cne-
LtMaJIHOCTTa MCTOpMa B riJlOBflMBCKMa
yHMBepcmeT „nancnM XnrieHAapcKM“.
ripe3 2015 r. b cbiflMfl yHMBepcmeT 3a-
LflMTaBa CTeneHTa M a m c rb p no cneflM-
aJlHOCTTa „MCTOpMa M AMBMJlM3aUMM B
C T a p M a m H o b m h c b fit “. n y 6 n M K y B a n e
HHKOJ1KO MCTOpMKO-HayHHM CT3TMM B CneflMariM3MpaHM M3-
flaHMa. yaacTBan e b MHO>KecTBO apxeoxiorMaecKM pa3Kon-
km, npoBe>KAaHM b paííoHa Ha riaoBAMB. OcHOBeH HayaeH
MHTepec npoaBaBa KbM MCTopMma Ha eBpoa3MiicKMTe ho -
MaflM m MCTopMaTa Ha ritpBOTO 6tnrapcKO uapcTBO.
B t 3 ocHOBa Ha cTMmariMa a o HaujM ahm M3BopoB MaTe-
pMaa m Ha 6 o ra ia HayaHa 6M6iiMorpac|DMa M /iaA nm mctopmk
b HacToaiflaTa ctyam ji pa3me>KAa Haii-Ba>KHMTe ctÕMTMa b
npoAtn>KMJiOTO noBeae o t aeTMpM AeceTMJieTMH ynpaBne-
HMe Ha õtnrapcKMa uap n e rb p I, Kara cpeA ocHOBHMTe
BbHLUHonoaMTMaecKM cfraKTopM, BfiMariM Bbpxy 6biirap-
c k o to oõmecTBO ToraBa - HamecTBMeTO Ha kmobckma khh3
CBeTocnaB, yHrapcKMTe Ha6e3M m npMMMpMH, AnariorbT c
neaeHe>KKMTe o õ la h o c tm , HacTaHMJiM ce no ceBepoM3Toa-
HMTe rpaHMflM Ha BbnrapMH - ocHOBeH axueHT nocTaBsi
Bbpxy 6bnrapo-BM3aHTMMCKMTe OTHomeHMfi, MrpaflM m aB-
Ha pona b õbn rapcK aia noriMTMKa npe3 oh33m enoxa.

9786197261141

9 786197 261141

U e H a 10 j ib .