Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata

Mathematics IV (MA 2203): Spring 2018

Exercise Set - II

1. Let S, T : R3 → R3 be two distinct linear transformations such that KerS ∩KerT 6= {0}.
Prove or disprove the following:
i) One of S and T is invertible.
ii) Suppose there is a vector v ∈ KerS \ KerT , Then there exists a linear functional f
on R3 such that f −1 {0} = KerS ∩ KerT .

2. Identify the following surfaces in R3 :

i) S = {(a cos θ sin φ, b sin θ sin φ, c cos φ) ∈ R3 : 0 ≤ θ ≤ 2π, π/2 ≤ φ ≤ π/2}.

ii) S = {(2 cos θ + 2(1 − 2t) sin θ, 2 sin θ − 2(1 − 2t) cos θ, 2t − 1) ∈ R3 : 0 ≤ θ ≤ 2π, t ∈ R} .

4s(1 − t2 ) (1 − s2 )(1 − t2 ) 6t
  
3
iii) S = , , ∈ R : s, t ∈ R .
(1 + s2 )(1 + t2 ) (1 + s2 )(1 + t2 ) 1 + t2
iv) S = {(2 cos θ sinh u, sin θ sinh u, 4 cosh u) ∈ R3 : 0 ≤ θ ≤ 2π, u ∈ R}.

v) S = {(atcosθ, bt sin θ, t2 cos 2θ) ∈ R3 : 0 ≤ θ ≤ 2π, t ∈ R}.

3. Hyperboloid of one sheet

x2 y2 z2
i) Find the intersection of the hyperboloid of one sheet 2 + 2 − 2 = 1 with the
a b c
plane x = a.
ii) Show that the plane lx + my + nz = 0 intersects with the above hyperbola in a pair
of parallel lines if n2 c2 = a2 l2 + b2 m2 .
iii) Prove that this family is made up of a family of straight lines.

4. What surface does the following equations represents? Justify your answers.
i) 2x2 − y 2 + xy + 2yz − 4zx + 8x − y − 4z + 6 = 0.
ii) 3x2 + y 2 + 2z 2 + 3x + 3y + 4z = 0
iii) 2x2 + 4z 2 − 4x − y − 24z + 36 = 0
iv) 2xy − 6x + 10y + z − 31 = 0
v) 2xy+z=0

5. Find the equation of the straight line:

i) Passing through (−1, −2, −3) and parallel to the line 2x + 3y − 3z + 2 = 0 =
3x − 4y + 2z − 4.
1
 ii) Passing through (2, −1, −3) and perpendicular to the line x − 2y + 3z − 4 = 0 =
2x − 3y + 4z − 5

6. Suppose the plane curve y 2 = 4 − x is rotated about the x-axis. What is the resulting
surface? Justify
7. Suppose the straight line x = y = 1 in R3 is rotated about z-axis. What is the resulting
surface? Justify.
8. Find the points of intersection of the surface x2 + y 2 + z 2 − 4x + 4y + 10z − 23 = 0 with
the line joining (3, 0, −2) and (6, 6, 7).
9. Prove that through five points in R2 , no four of which are collinear, there passes a unique
conic.
10. Find the equation of the plane which contains the line 1/2(x−1) = −(y+1) = 1/4(z −3)
and is perpendicular to the plane x + 2y + z = 12.
11. Find the distance of the line x + 2y + 3z + 4 = 0 = 2x + 3y + 4z + 5 from the origin.
12. Suppose you change the point (−6, 3, −4) to the origin without changing the direction
of axes. What will be the form of the following equation: x2 +y 2 +z 2 +12x−6x+8z −3 = 0?

13. Find the equation of a sphere given the endpoints of a diameter as (a1 , b1 , c1 ) and
(a2 , b2 , c2 ).
14. Find the equation of a sphere through the following four points (4, −1, 2), (0, −2, 3), (1, −5, 1)
and (2, 0, 1)? Is the sphere unique?
15. Prove that intersection of a sphere and a plane is a circle (assume that the intersection
is nonempty).
16. Find the equation of a sphere which passes through the origin and touches the sphere
x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 56 at (2, −4, 6)