ABSTRACT

NUR HASNAH AR. Prediction of Firmness, Vitamin C, Total Acid and Soluble Solid in

Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) Using NIR Spectroscopy. Supervised Y. ARIS

PURWANTO, I WAYAN BUDIASTRA dan SOBIR.

Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) is one of horticulture product which grows in the
highland. One of the important quality criteria is internal content (includes sugar, total acid
and vitamin C content). Generally, destructive measurement is performed to determine the
internal content in fruits. This method has disadvantage such as the material conditions that
cannot be re-used, need sample preparation, chemicals usage and requires a long time.
Nowadays, instrumentation technology was developed to determine the chemical content of a
material with the quick, exact, and accurate process. Analysis technique using Near Infrared
(NIR) Spectroscopy has been widely used in agriculture. The research aims to predict
firmness, vitamin C, total acid and total soluble solid of persimmons non-destructively with
NIR spectroscopy by using data processing and Partial Least Square (PLS)
The persimmons were obtained from persimmon farmers in Cikajang, Garut, West
Java, with three rate of aging based on the age after bloom: 150, 170 and 190 days after
bloom (HSB). Persimmon reflectance was measured by using NIR Spectrometer at a
wavelength 1000 to 2500 nm. Then it was followed by measurement of firmness, vitamin C,
total acid and total soluble solid of persimmons by chemical methods. Some of NIRS data
processing such as normalization between 0-1 (n01), first derivative Savitzky-Golay (dg1),
combination between n01 and dg1 (n01, dg1), combination between dg1 and Multiplicative
Scatter Correction (MSC) and also calibration with PLS was done to improve the accuracy of
method prediction of NIR. The accuracy and precision of NIR method in predict firmness,
vitamin C, total acid and total soluble solid of persimmons based on evaluation from
corelation coefficient values (r), standard error of calibration set (SEC), standard error of
validation set (SEP), residual predictive deviation (RPD) and coefficient of variation (CV).
The best model to predict the firmness is NIR processing data normalization (n01)
and 12 main components (r = 0.94, SEP = 0.07%, RPD = 2.9, CV = 9.72%). The best model
to predict the vitamin C is NIR Multiplicative Scatter Correction (MSC) processing data and
16 main component (r = 0.79, SEP = 0.51%, RPD = 0.99, CV = 30.50%). The best model to
predict total acid is NIR Multiplicative Scatter Correction (MSC) processing data and 12
main components (r = 0.65, SEP = 0.05%, RPD = 0.86, CV = 45.73%). The best model to
predict total soluble solid is NIR Multiplicative Scatter Correction (MSC) processing data
and 17 main components (r = 0.86, SEP = 2.21%, RPD = 1.79, CV = 9.84%). This research
proves that NIR method can be used to predict the firmness and total soluble solid content but
cannot be applied to predict the content of vitamin C and total acid in persimmon.

Keywords : persimmon, NIR, firmness, total soluble solid, PLS