M03 - EASA - Part145 - Regulations - Compressed

AIRWORTHINESS INSPECTOR TRAINING
MODULE 3. EASA Part 145 Regulations
SALVADOR ALEPUZ ROMAGUERA

Aeronautical Consultant. Airworthiness Expert
Bangkok (Thailand), October 7th – 18th, 2019)
EU-South East Asia Aviation Partnership Project (EU-SEA APP)

This project is funded by the European Union and implemented by
Your safety is our mission.
An Agency of the European Union 1
the European Union Aviation Safety Agency - EASA
Module 3
EASA PART 145 Regulations

M3: EASA Part 145 Regulations
Commission Regulation (EU) 1321/2014
Annex I – Part M
Continuing airworthiness requirements
Annex II – Part 145

Maintenance organisation approvals
Annex III – Part 66

Certifying Staff
Annex IV – Part 147

Training organisation requirements
Annex V – Part T
Dry leased-in aircrafts
3
PartM requirements that apply to an Part145 organization
SECTION A — TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
SUBPART D — MAINTENANCE STANDARDS
M.A.401 Maintenance data
M.A.402 Performance of maintenance
M.A.403 Aircraft defects
SUBPART E — COMPONENTS
M.A.501 Installation
M.A.502 Component maintenance
M.A.503 Service life limited components
M.A.504 Control of unserviceable components
4
SECTION A — TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS (cont.)
SUBPART H — CERTIFICATE OF RELEASE TO SERVICE — CRS

M.A.801 Aircraft certificate of release to service
M.A.802 Component certificate of release to service
M.A.803 Pilot-owner authorisation
5
SECTION A — TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS (cont.)
SUBPART I — AIRWORTHINESS REVIEW CERTIFICATE
M.A.901 Aircraft airworthiness review
M.A.902 Validity of the airworthiness review certificate
M.A.903 Transfer of aircraft registration within the EU
M.A.904 Airworthiness review of aircraft imported into the EU
M.A.905 Findings
SECTION B — PROCEDURES FOR COMPETENT AUTHORITIES
6
Part66 requirements that apply to an Part145 organization
SECTION A — TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
SUBPART A — AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE LICENCE
66.A.1 Scope
66.A.3 Licence categories
66.A.5 Aircraft groups
66.A.10 Application
66.A.15 Eligibility
66.A.20 Privileges
66.A.25 Basic knowledge requirements
66.A.30 Basic experience requirements
66.A.40 Continued validity of the aircraft maintenance licence
66.A.45 Endorsement with aircraft ratings
66.A.50 Limitations
66.A.55 Evidence of qualification
66.A.70 Conversion provisions
7
Initial inspection / Continuous oversight to a Part 145
Organization
8
Part 145.A.10 - Scope
Maintenance
Line Maintenance Base Maintenance
9
Part 145.A.10 - Scope
Line Maintenance may include:
Trouble shooting.
Defect rectification.
Component replacement with use of external test equipment if required.
Component replacement may include components such as engines and propellers.
Scheduled maintenance and/or checks including visual inspections that will detect
obvious unsatisfactory conditions/discrepancies but do not require extensive in
depth inspection.
Minor repairs and modifications which do not require extensive disassembly and
can be accomplished by simple means.
Base Maintenance:
Any tasks falling outside criteria of Line Maintenance.
10
Part 145.A.15 - Application
11
Part 145.A.20 – Terms of approval
12
Part 145.A.20 – Terms of approval (cont.)
13
APPENDIX IV TO PART M
“A category A class rating means that the
approved maintenance organisation may carry
out maintenance on the aircraft and any
component (including engines and/or Auxiliary
Power Units (APUs), in accordance with
aircraft maintenance data or, if agreed by the
competent authority, in accordance with
component maintenance data, only whilst
such components are fitted to the aircraft.2
14
15
Part 145.A.25 – Facility requirements
Hangar Ramp
NDT Workshop
Component
Engine Workshop Workshop
16
Part 145.A.25 – Facility requirements (cont.)
Warehouses
17
145.A.25 - Facilities
Appropriate for all planned work, ensuring in particular, protection from the weather
elements.
Specialised workshops and bays segregated as appropriate, to ensure that
environmental and work area contamination is unlikely to occur.
Base maintenance of aircraft, aircraft hangars are available and large enough to
accommodate aircraft on planned base maintenance.
Component workshops are large enough to accommodate the components on planned
maintenance.
Office accommodation sufficient for the management of the planned work, and
certifying staff.
Temperature, dust and any other airbone contamination, lighting, noise, working
environment for line maintenance (on ramp) must be taken into account.
Secure storage facilities are provided for components, equipment, tools and material
(i.a.w. manufacturer instructions). Segregation of serviceable components and material
from unserviceable aircraft components, material, equipment and tools is secured. 18
Part 145.A.30 – Personnel Requirements
19
145.A.30 – Personnel requirements
Accountable manager: has corporate authority for ensuring that all maintenance
required by the customer can be financed and carried out to the standard
required by Part 145.
Person or group of persons nominated, whose responsibilities include ensuring
that the organisation complies with Part 145-(Technical Director, Base/Line
manager, Quality Manager, workshop manager, etc):
Shall be identified and their credentials submitted in a form (EASA Form 4)
shall be able to demonstrate relevant knowledge, background and satisfactory experience
A maintenance man-hour plan is required to show that the organisation has
sufficient staff to plan, perform, supervise, inspect and quality monitor the
organisation in accordance with the terms of approval.
The organisation shall establish and control the competence of personnel.
Have appropriate aircraft-rated certifying staff qualified as category B1, B2, B2L,
B3 and L, as appropriate, in accordance with Annex III (Part-66) (certification
authorisation is required to be issued by Part 145 Organization after a
20
competence evaluation).
66.A.3 Licence categories and subcategories
Aircraft maintenance licences include the following categories and,
where applicable, subcategories and system ratings:
Category A (Minor line), divided into the following subcategories:
A1 Aeroplanes Turbine;
A2 Aeroplanes Piston;
A3 Helicopters Turbine;
A4 Helicopters Piston.
Category B1 (Line maintenance), divided into the following subcategories:
B1.1 Aeroplanes Turbine;
B1.2 Aeroplanes Piston;
B1.3 Helicopters Turbine;
B1.4 Helicopters Piston.
Category B2 (Avionics)
The B2 licence is applicable to all aircraft.
21
66.A.3 Licence categories and subcategories (Cont.)
Category B2L
The B2L licence is applicable to all aircraft other than those in Group 1 (complex
motor-powered aircraft, helicopters with multiple engines, aeroplanes with maximum certified
operating altitude exceeding FL290, aircraft equipped with fly-by-wire systems, gas airships other
than ELA2 and other aircraft requiring an aircraft type rating when defined as such by the Agency)
and is divided into the following ‘system ratings’:
communication/navigation (com/nav),
instruments,
autoflight,
surveillance,
airframe systems.
A B2L licence shall contain, as a minimum, one system rating.
Category B3
The B3 licence is applicable to piston-engine non-pressurised aeroplanes of
2000 kg Maximum Take-off Mass (MTOM) and below.
22
66.A.3 Licence categories and subcategories (Cont.)
Category L, divided into the following subcategories:

L1C: composite sailplanes,
L1: sailplanes,
L2C: composite powered sailplanes and composite ELA1 aeroplanes,
L2: powered sailplanes and ELA1 aeroplanes,
L3H: hot-air balloons,
L3G: gas balloons,
L4H: hot-air airships,
L4G: ELA2 gas airships,
L5: gas airships other than ELA2.
Category C (Base Maintenance)

The C licence is applicable to aeroplanes and helicopters.
23
AMC 145.A.30(g) Personnel requirements
Typical tasks permitted after appropriate task training:
Minor scheduled inspection/check up to and including a weekly check specified in the
aircraft maintenance programme.
Replacement of wheel assemblies.
Replacement of wheel brake units.
Replacement of emergency equipment.
Replacement of ovens, boilers and beverage makers.
Replacement of internal and external lights, filaments and flash tubes.
Replacement of windscreen wiper blades.
Replacement of passenger and cabin crew seats, seat belts and harnesses.
Closing of cowlings and refitment of quick access inspection panels.
Replacement of toilet system components but excluding gate valves.
Simple repairs and replacement of internal compartment doors and placards but excluding
doors forming part of a pressure structure and overhead storage compartment doors and
cabin furnishing items
Replacement of static wicks, batteries, in-flight entertainment system components.
Routine lubrication and replenishment of all system fluids and gases.
Etc. 24
145.A.30 – Personnel requirements (Cont.)
‘Complex motor-powered aircraft’ shall mean:
(i) an aeroplane:
with a maximum certificated take-off mass exceeding 5 700 kg, or
certificated for a maximum passenger seating configuration of more than
nineteen, or
certificated for operation with a minimum crew of at least two pilots, or
equipped with (a) turbojet engine(s) or more than one turboprop engine,
or
(ii) a helicopter certificated:
for a maximum take-off mass exceeding 3 175 kg, or
for a maximum passenger seating configuration of more than nine, or
for operation with a minimum crew of at least two pilots, or
(iii) a tilt rotor aircraft;
25
Any organisation maintaining aircraft shall have appropriate aircraft-type-rated

certifying staff i.a.w. the scope of the approval (Line, base, avionics, etc)
For certifying components “Until specific requirements for certifying staff for
components are added to this Regulation, the requirements laid down in the
national laws in force in the relevant Member State shall continue to apply.”
For organisation facilities located outside the Community territory certifying staff
may be qualified in accordance with the national aviation regulations of the State
in which the organisation facility is registered subject to specific conditions.
For a repetitive pre-flight airworthiness directive which specifically states that the
flight crew may carry out such airworthiness directive, the organisation may issue
a limited certification authorisation to the aircraft commander and/or the flight
engineer on the basis of the flight crew licence held. (After having demonstrated
competence i.a.w Part 145 procedures)
26
In the case of aircraft operating away from a supported location the organisation
may issue a limited certification authorisation to the commander and/or the flight
engineer on the basis of the flight crew licence held subject to being satisfied that
sufficient practical training has been carried out to ensure that the commander or
flight engineer can accomplish the specified task to the required standard.
Where an aircraft is grounded at a location other than the main base where no
appropriate certifying staff are available, the organisation contracted to provide
maintenance support may issue a one-off certification authorisation.
27
Competence assessment
28
145.A.30 – Personnel
requirements (Cont.)
Competence assessment
29
Template for recording
training/experience
30
Template for recording
training/experience
31
Part 145.A.35 – Certifying staff and support staff
Certifying Staff
What does “Certifying Staff” mean?
personnel responsible for the release of an aircraft or a component after maintenance
32
Part 145.A.35 – Certifying staff and support staff (cont.)
Mechanic Cat. A Cat. B1/B3 Cat. B2
No requirements Good basic knowledge High basic knowledge High basic knowledge
Qualified only for minor

Qualified for the whole Qualified for the whole
Not qualified scheduled task on trained
aircraft aircraft
aircraft
Works under supervision
oriented routine work System oriented System oriented
only
Field:
• Airframe, Field:
Field: Field: • Powerplant
All all • electrical sistems • Electric
• avionic line replacable • Avionics
units with simple tests
All routine work with job Routine and non routine Routine and non routine
-
cards work work
Release to service Release to service

No Release to service Release to service for own work and work of for own work and work of
for tasks only
others others
33
34
‘Support staff’ means those staff holding an aircraft maintenance licence under Annex III (Part-
66) in category B1, B2, B2L, B3 and/or L with the appropriate aircraft ratings, working in a base
maintenance environment while not necessarily holding certification privileges.
‘Certification authorisation’ means the authorisation issued to certifying staff by the
organisation Part 145 and which specifies the fact that those staff may sign certificates of release
to service within the limitations stated in such authorisation on behalf of the approved
organisation.
The organisation shall ensure that all certifying staff and support staff are involved in at least 6
months of actual relevant aircraft or component maintenance experience in any consecutive 2-
year period.
All certifying staff and support staff are required to receive sufficient continuation training in
each two year period to ensure that such staff have up-to-date knowledge of relevant technology,
organisation procedures and human factor issues. TRAINING PROGRAMME
35
A record system for certifying staff & support staff is required containing all documentation
necessary for competence assessment.
The minimum age for certifying staff and support staff is 21 years.
It is possible to issue a limited certification authorisation without type training performed based
on a task training prepared and approved by the authority. The task training shall include
practical hands on training and theoretical training as appropriate for each task authorized.
36
Part 145.A.36 – Records of airworthiness review staff
37
Part 145.A.40 – Equipment, tools and material
38
Part 145.A.40 – Equipment, tools and material (Cont.)
Part 145 organisation shall have available and use the necessary equipment and tools to perform
the approved scope of work.
(i) Where the manufacturer specifies a particular tool or equipment, the organisation shall use that tool or
equipment, unless the use of alternative tooling or equipment is agreed by the competent authority via procedures
specified in the exposition.
(ii) Equipment and tools must be permanently available, except in the case of any tool or equipment that is so
infrequently used that its permanent availability is not necessary. Such cases shall be detailed in an exposition
procedure.
(iii) An organisation approved for base maintenance shall have sufficient aircraft access equipment and inspection
platforms/docking as required for the proper inspection of the aircraft.
Part 145 organisation shall ensure that all tools, equipment and particularly test equipment, as
appropriate, are controlled and calibrated according to an officially recognised standard at a
frequency to ensure serviceability and accuracy. Records of such calibrations and traceability to
the standard used shall be kept by the organisation.
39
Part 145.A.40 – Equipment, tools and material (Cont.)
40
Part 145.A.42 – Components
Storage
Segregation
Identification
Control
Documentation
41
Part 145.A.42 – Components (cont.)
Warehouses
42
Part 145.A.42 – Components (Cont.)
All components shall be classified into the following categories:

Components which are in a satisfactory condition, released on an EASA Form 1 or equivalent
and marked in accordance with Subpart Q of the Annex I (Part-21).
Unserviceable components which shall be maintained in accordance with Part 145.
Components categorised as unsalvageable because they have reached their certified life
limit or contain a non-repairable defect.
Standard parts used on an aircraft, engine, propeller or other aircraft component when
specified in the maintenance data and accompanied by evidence of conformity traceable to
the applicable standard.
Material, both raw and consumable, used in the course of maintenance. All material shall be
accompanied by documentation clearly relating to the particular material and containing a
conformity to specification statement as well as the manufacturing and supplier source.
43
Components, standard parts and materials for installation

Procedures for the acceptance of components (inspection procedures for incoming parts,
appliances & material), standard parts and materials for installation must be established to
ensure satisfactory condition and meet the applicable requirements. &
To ensure that components, standard parts and materials shall only be installed on an
aircraft or a component when they are in satisfactory condition, meet the applicable
requirements and the applicable maintenance data specifies the particular component,
standard part or material.
Part 145 organisation may fabricate a restricted range of parts to be used in the course of
undergoing work within its own facilities, provided procedures are identified in the
exposition.
Supplier evaluation must be performed by Part 145 organization and be approved as a
qualified supplier,
44
Segregation of components
Unserviceable and unsalvageable components shall be segregated from serviceable
components, standards parts and materials.
Unsalvageable components shall not be permitted to re-enter the component supply
system, unless certified life limits have been extended or a repair solution has been
approved in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 748/2012. (Part 21):
components with non-repairable defects, whether visible or not to the naked eye;
(b) components that do not meet design specifications
components subjected to unacceptable modification or rework that is irreversible;
certified life-limited parts that have reached or exceeded their certified life limits, or have missing or
incomplete records;
components whose airworthy condition cannot be restored;
components for which conformity with an applicable airworthiness directive cannot be accomplished;
components for which maintenance records and/or traceability to the manufacturer cannot be retrieved.
45
FABRICATION OF PARTS FOR INSTALLATION (AMC1 145.A.42(b)(iii) Components)

All necessary data to fabricate the part should be approved either by the Agency or the type
certificate (TC) holder, or Part 21 design organisation approval holder, or supplemental type
certificate (STC) holder. A procedure in MOE is required
Items that are fabricated by an organisation approved under Part-145 may only be used by
that organisation in the course of overhaul, maintenance, modifications, or repair of aircraft
or components, performing work at its own facilities. The permission to fabricate does not
constitute approval for manufacture, or to supply externally, and the parts do not qualify for
EASA Form 1 certification. (A Statement of Conformity may be issued as a prove of the
manufacturing process)
Approved ata shall include details of part numbering, dimensions, materials, processes, and
any special manufacturing techniques, special raw material specification and/or incoming
inspection requirement, and that the approved organisation has the necessary capability to
fabricate those parts.
46
Part
145.A.42 –
Components
(Cont.)
47
Part
145.A.42 –
Components
(Cont.)
48
Examples of fabrication within the scope of a Part-145 approval may include but are not
limited to the following:
fabrication of bushes, sleeves and shims;
fabrication of secondary structural elements and skin panels;
fabrication of control cables;
fabrication of flexible and rigid pipes;
fabrication of electrical cable looms and assemblies;
formed or machined sheet metal panels for repairs.
49
Part 145.A.45 – Maintenance Data
Applicable maintenance data
o IR + AMC + GM
o National maintenance requirements
o EASA airworthiness directives
o non-national AD’s (by non-EU operator or customer)
o Critical Design Configuration Control Limitations.
A B C D
o operator’s aircraft maintenance o engine/APU maintenance and repair o vendor maintenance and repair manual o Specialised services (s) process
programme manual o service bulletins specifications
o aircraft maintenance manual o service bulletins o service letters
o repair manual o service letters o type certificate data sheet and any
o supplementary structural inspection o modification leaflets, document as maintenance data
document o non destructive testing (NDT) manual,
o corrosion control document o parts catalogue
o service bulletins o type certificate data sheet and any
o service letters document as maintenance data
o service instructions
o modification leaflets
For all:
o NDT manual
o parts catalogue Line Maintenance – minimum MM + IPC
o type certificate data sheet and any Base Maintenance – almost complete set of maintenance data
document as maintenance data 50
Part 145.A.45 – Maintenance Data (Cont.)
The organisation shall hold and use applicable current maintenance data in the
performance of maintenance, including modifications and repairs. ‘Applicable’
means:
Any applicable requirement, procedure, operational directive or information issued by the
authority responsible for the oversight of the aircraft or component;
Any applicable airworthiness directive (airframe or component);
Instructions for continuing airworthiness, issued by type certificate holders, supplementary
type certificate holders or changes/repais holders iaw Part 21.
Any applicable standard, recognised by the Agency as a good standard for maintenance;
Any applicable data modified by Part 145 organization iaw an approved procedure in MOE.
In the case of maintenance data provided by an operator or customer, the
organisation shall hold such data when the work is in progress
51
In case of modified maintenance data by Part 145 organization shall inform the
type-certificate holder of such changes.
The organisation shall provide a common work card or worksheet system to be
used throughout relevant parts of the organization, and shall transcribe accurately
the maintenance data onto such work cards or worksheets or make precise
reference to the particular maintenance task or tasks contained in such
maintenance data.
Complex maintenance tasks shall be transcribed onto the work cards or worksheets
and subdivided into clear stages to ensure a record of the accomplishment of the
complete maintenance task.
The organisation shall establish a procedure to ensure that maintenance data it
controls is kept up to date. It is acceptable to be provided by the operator or
customer through an agrrement and procedure to guarantee that data is updated.
52
Modified maintenance instructions should only be used in the following
circumstances:
Where the type certificate / supplementary type certificate holders original intent can be
carried out in a more practical or more efficient manner.
Where the type certificate / supplementary type certificate holders original intent cannot
be achieved by following the maintenance instructions. For example, where a component
cannot be replaced following the original maintenance instructions.
For the use of alternative tools / equipment.
NOTE: Critical Design Configuration Control Limitations (CDCCL) are airworthiness limitations. Any
modification of the maintenance instructions linked to CDCCL constitutes an aircraft modification
that should be approved in accordance with Part-21.
53
Example of a Complex Task
54
Part 145.A.47 – Production Planning
55
Part 145.A.47 – Production Planning (Cont.)
The organisation shall have a system appropriate to the amount and complexity
of work to plan the availability of:
All necessary personnel
Tools, equipment & material
Maintenance data
Facilities
in order to ensure the safe completion of the maintenance work.
The planning of maintenance tasks, and the organising of shifts, shall take into
account human performance limitations.
Relevant information shall be adequately communicated between outgoing and
incoming personnel when shifts are established for the completion of tasks.
56
When establishing the production planning procedure, consideration should be
given to the following:
logistics,
inventory control,
square meters of accommodation,
man-hours estimation,
man-hours availability,
preparation of work,
hangar availability,
environmental conditions (access, lighting standards and cleanliness),
co-ordination with internal and external suppliers, etc.
scheduling critical maintenance tasks during periods when staff are likely to be most alert.
57
Example of total
maintenance planned
(1/2)
58
Example of total
maintenance planned
(2/2)
59
Part 145.A.48 – Performance of Maintenance
60
Part 145.A.48 – Performance of Maintenance (cont.)
61
Part 145.A.48 – Performance of Maintenance (Cont.)
The organisation shall establish procedures to ensure that:
After completion of maintenance a general verification is carried out to ensure that the
aircraft or component is clear of all tools, equipment and any extraneous parts or material,
and that all access panels removed have been refitted; (To avoid FOD)
An error capturing method is implemented after the performance of any critical
maintenance task;
The risk of multiple errors during maintenance and the risk of errors being repeated in
identical maintenance tasks are minimised; and,
Damage is assessed and modifications and repairs are carried out using approved data.
62
AUTHORISED PERSON
An ‘authorised person’ is a person formally authorised by the maintenance organisation to
perform or supervise a maintenance task. An ‘authorised person’ is not necessarily
‘certifying staff’.
SIGN-OFF
A ‘sign-off’ is a statement issued by the ‘authorised person’ which indicates that the task or
group of tasks has been correctly performed. A ‘sign-off’ relates to one step in the
maintenance process and is, therefore, different to a certificate of release to service.
63
IDENTIFICATION OF CRITICAL MAINTENANCE TASKS
A Part 145 organization has to identify those critical tasks after evaluating the impact that
the following generic tasks would have on flight safety:
Tasks that may affect the trajectory and flight attitude, such as installation, setting and
adjustment of flight controls.
Systems for controlling the stability of the aircraft (automatic pilot, fuel transfer).
Tasks that may affect the propulsive force of the aircraft, including the installation of
engines, propellers, rotors, etc.
Overhaul, calibration and adjustment of engines, propellers, rotors, transmissions and
gearboxes.
64
IDENTIFICATION OF CRITICAL MAINTENANCE TASKS (Cont.)
information from the following sources for the identification of critical tasks:
Experience of the certification staff of the maintenance organisation
Information of the holder of the aircraft type certificate.
Reports of accidents and investigation and follow-up of incidents.
SMS system reports implanted in HSS (HSS notification form within the event reporting
system) of the SMS Manual.
Flight data analysis; especially of workshop test flights.
Audit Reports.
Monitoring of the operation, reported by the customers.
Feedback” from the training.
All those tasks identified as critical by the competent authority.
65
PROCEDURE FOR THE EXECUTION OF CRITICAL MAINTENANCE TASKS
The error capture are those actions defined by the organisation to detect maintenance
errors that may be committed during maintenance, and which will mainly come from the
guidelines to be followed for carrying out critical maintenance tasks.
In order to minimise the risk of multiple errors and to detect errors in critical systems, in the
case of “symmetrical” systems or components on the same aircraft, a maintenance
technician will be prevented from working simultaneously on two components or identical
systems at the same time (for example the replacement of filters, engine oil change, etc.).
In the case only one technician available, they will double check each one of the systems
once the tasks have been completed.
Additionally, in the inspection workcards associated to the work orders, the “symmetrical”
tasks are differentiated in separate boxes numbered as item#1 and item#2.
66
PROCEDURE FOR THE EXECUTION OF CRITICAL MAINTENANCE TASKS (Cont)
Concepts to be taken into account:
An independent inspection is an inspection carried out by an “independent qualified
person” of a task performed by an “authorised person”.
An “Authorised person” is the person who performs the task or supervises the task and
assumes full responsibility for carrying out the task in accordance with the applicable
maintenance data.
An “Independent qualified person” is the person who performs the independent
inspection and certifies that the task has been satisfactorily completed and that no
deficiencies have been detected. The “independent qualified person” does not issue a
service authorisation certificate, so they are not required to have certification
privileges;
The “authorised person” issues the certificate of release to service or signs-off the task
after the independent inspection has been satisfactorily carried out;
67
As an example, In the event that the “authorised person” who carries out the double
inspection detects an error, it will be included in the task of the corresponding workcard
and shall describe the error and the actions taken, according to the following code:
Errors Detected in Critical Tasks Code:
1. Installation.
2. Locking.
3. Torque.
4. Dirt.
5. FOD (Foreign Object Damage).
6. Corrosion.
7. Clearance/Gap.
8. P/N.
9. Measurement/Reading.
10. Others.
68
In unforeseen cases in which there is only one person available to carry out the execution of
critical tasks, re-inspection may be performed under the following conditions:
In this case the “authorised person” performing the maintenance task also acts as an
“independent qualified person” and performs the inspection.
The release to service is issued after the task has been carried out by the “authorised
person” and the re-inspection has been carried out satisfactorily.
A minimum gap time of 1 hour should be taken between both perform the task and
reinspect the task.
69
It is advisable that during the Independent Inspection, the “independent qualified person”
must consider the following points independently:
All parts of the system that have actually been disconnected or manipulated must be
inspected for proper assembly and locking;
The system is inspected as a whole has freedom of movement throughout its journey;
The cables must be correctly tensioned with a suitable play in the secondary stoppers;
The operation of the control system as a whole should be observed to ensure that
controls operate in the correct direction;
Inspection of the interactions of interconnected systems throughout their range of
motion
The software that is part of the critical maintenance task must be checked, for
example: version, compatibility with the configuration of the aircraft.
70
Example of
Critical task.
71
Example of
Critical task
(Cont.).
72
Example of
Critical task
(Cont.).
73
Example of
Work Order
74
Example of
Work Order
❑ WO INITIAL CHECK (CORRECT NOTES, SIGNATURES AND STAMPS,

DOCUMENTATION INCLUDED, ETC).
❑ SCAN AND SEND TO CAMO (SIGNING CRS): CRS, TASKS, DOCUMENTATION
(FORM ONE + LOGCARDS).
❑ INSERT COPY OF CRS ON OPERATOR TECHNICAL LOG BOOKS.

❑ UPDATE DATABASE.
❑ UPDATE DATABASE FOR BILLING.
❑ VERIFY THAT THE LIST OF MATERIAL USED IN WAREHOUSE IS INCLUDED.
❑ AT ADMINISTRATIVE CLOSURE: SCAN OR COMPLETE AND FILE IN "Y: \ Ò
WORK ORDERS \ TECHNICAL RECORDS"
❑ AT ADMINISTRATIVE CLOSURE: DELIVER TO / CAMO / OPERATOR
ORIGINAL CRS + COMPONENT DOCUMENTATION (EASA FORM ONEs AND
/ OR LOG CARDS) + COPY OF LOSED WO.
❑ OBSERVATIONS / PENDING MATTERS.
❑ CLOSE WORK ORDER, MAKE SURE THAT EVERYTHING IS CORRECT.
75
Example of Work Order.
Operator’s requirement
(Cont.).
76
Example of Work Order
(Cont.).
77
Example of Work Order
(Cont.).
78
Example of Work Order (Cont.).
79
Example of Part
66 License (1/2)
80
Example of Part
66 License (2/2)
81
Example of Certification Authorisation (1/2)
82
Example of Certification Authorisation (2/2)
83
Part 145.A.50 – Certification of Maintenance
84
Part 145.A.50 – Certification of Maintenance (Cont.)
A certificate of release to service shall be issued by appropriately authorised certifying staff on
behalf of the organisation when it has been verified that all maintenance ordered has been
properly carried out by the organisation in accordance with the approved procedures as well as
before flight at the completion of any maintenance.
When new defects or incomplete maintenance work orders are identified during maintenance
shall be communicated to the operator for the specific purpose of obtaining agreement to
rectify such defects or completing the missing elements of the maintenance work order. In the
case it is unable to complete all maintenance ordered, it may issue a certificate of release to
service within the approved aircraft limitations. (Incomplete release to service)
A certificate of release to service shall be issued at the completion of any maintenance on a
component whilst off the aircraft. The authorised release certificate shall be an ‘EASA Form 1’.
When an aircraft is grounded at a location other than the main line station or main maintenance
base due to the non-availability of a component with the appropriate release certificate, it is
permissible to temporarily fit a component without the appropriate release certificate for a
maximum of 30 flight hours or until the aircraft first returns to the main line station or main
maintenance base and an appropriate CRS is issued. Operator agreement shall be needed.
85
The certificate of release to service should contain the following statement:

‘Certifies that the work specified, except as otherwise specified, was carried out in
accordance with Part-145 and in respect to that work the aircraft/aircraft component is
considered ready for release to service’. Reference should also be made to the EASA Part-
145 approval number.
It is acceptable to use an alternate abbreviated certificate of release to service. ‘Part-145
release to service’. In that case the introductory section of the technical log should include
an example of the full certification statement.
86
87
Example of
Incomplete
Work Order
88
Example of
Incomplete Work
Order (Cont.).
89
Example of Incomplete Work Order (Cont.).
90
EASA Form 1
91
ISSUE OF AN EASA FORM 1 WITHOUT C-RATING APPROVED
An appropriately rated maintenance organisation approved under Part-145 may issue an EASA
Form 1 as appropriate, in accordance with approved procedures detailed in the MOE for the
following cases:
New/unused aircraft components in storage without an EASA Form 1 up to the effective
date(s) for Part-21 that was manufactured by an organisation acceptable to the competent
authority at that time.
Used aircraft components removed from a serviceable aircraft.
Used aircraft components removed from an aircraft withdrawn from service.
Used aircraft components maintained by organisations not approved in accordance with
Part-145.
Used aircraft components removed from an aircraft involved in an accident or incident. (A
specific work order including all additional necessary tests and inspections deemed necessary by the
accident or incident)
For the cases exposed above appropriately rated means an organisation with an approval class
rating for the type of component or for the product in which it may be installed. 92
ISSUE OF AN EASA FORM 1 WITHOUT C-RATING APPROVED (Cont.)
An EASA Form 1 issued for these cases should be issued by signing in block 14b and stating
‘Inspected/Tested’ in block 11. In addition, block 12 should specify:
When the last maintenance was carried out and by whom.
If the component is unused, when the component was manufactured and by whom with a cross-
reference to any original documentation which should be included with the Form.
A list of all airworthiness directives, repairs and modifications known to have been incorporated. If no
airworthiness directives or repairs or modifications are known to be incorporated, then this should be
so stated.
Detail of life used for service life-limited parts being any combination of fatigue, overhaul or storage
life.
For any aircraft component having its own maintenance history record, reference to the particular
maintenance history record. The maintenance history record and acceptance test report or
statement, if applicable, should be attached to the EASA Form 1.
Details of the aircraft where the component was removed, where applicable.
93
EASA Form 1
94
Part 145.A.55 – Maintenance & Airworthiness Review
Records
95
Part 145.A.55 – Maintenance and airworthiness review records
96
Part 145.A.55 - Maintenance and airworthiness review records (cont.)
97
Part 145.A.55 - Maintenance and airworthiness review records (cont.)
The organisation shall record all details of maintenance work carried out to prove that all
requirements have been met for the issue of the certificate of release to service, including
subcontractor's release documents, and for the issue of any airworthiness review certificate and
recommendation.
The organisation shall provide a copy of each certificate of release to service to the aircraft
operator, together with a copy of any specific repair/modification data used for
repairs/modifications carried out.
The organisation shall retain a copy of all detailed maintenance records and any associated
maintenance data for three years from the date the aircraft or component to which the work
relates was released from the organization.
98
Part 145.A.60 – Occurrence reporting
What to notify ?
Any discrepancy in the aircraft or any component that has been caused or
may cause an unsafe condition and therefore endangers flight safety.
examples:
•Crack in the structure
•Corrosion damage
•Significant losses in the hydraulic system
•Evidence of faults and short circuits in the electrical system
•Failure of the emergency system
•Not completed Airworthiness Directives
•Etc.
99
Part 145.A.60 – Occurrence reporting (cont.)
Corrosion damage
Crack in the structure
100
Part 145.A.60 – Occurrence reporting (cont.)
Leakages
101
Part 145.A.60 – Occurrence Reporting (Cont.)
The organisation shall report to the competent authority, the state of registry and the
organisation responsible for the design of the aircraft or component any condition of the aircraft
or component identified by the organisation that has resulted or may result in an unsafe
condition that hazards seriously the flight safety.
The organisation shall establish an internal occurrence reporting system as detailed in the
exposition to enable the collection and evaluation of such reports.
The organisation shall also report to the operator any such condition affecting the operator's
aircraft or component.
The organisation shall produce and submit such reports as soon as practicable but in any case
within 72 hours of the organisation identifying the condition to which the report relates.
102
Part 145.A.65 – Safety and quality policy, maintenance
procedures and quality system
103
Part 145.A.65 – Safety and quality policy, maintenance
procedures and quality system (Cont.)
The organisation shall establish a safety and quality policy for the organisation to be included in
the exposition.
The organisation shall establish procedures agreed by the competent authority taking into
account human factors and human performance to ensure good maintenance practices.
The organisation shall establish a quality system that includes the following:
Independent audits in order to monitor compliance with required aircraft/aircraft
component standards and adequacy of the procedures, and
A quality feedback reporting system to the person or group of persons with responsibility
and ultimately to the accountable manager that ensures that corrective action has been
taken.
An annual audit plan is required.
104
105
106
Part 145.A.70 – Maintenance organisation exposition
107
Part 145.A.70 – Maintenance organisation exposition
PART 0 – INTRODUCTION
0.1 Table of Contents
0.2 List of Effective Page
0.3 List of Issues / Amendments Record of Revisions
0.4 Distribution List
0.5 Definitions and Abbreviations
PART 1 – MANAGEMENT
1.1 Corporate Commitment by the Accountable Manager
1.2 Quality and Safety Policy
1.3 Management Personnel
1.4 Duties and Responsibilities of Management Personnel
1.5 Management Organisation Chart
108
Part 145.A.70 – Maintenance organisation exposition (cont.)
PART 1 – MANAGEMENT (cont.)
1.6 List of Certifying Staff, support staff and airworthiness review staff
1.7 Manpower Resources
1.8 Facilities
1.9 Scope of Work
1.10 Notification Procedure to the Authority Regarding Changes to the
Organisation's Activities / Approval / Location / Personnel
1.11 Exposition Amendment Procedures (including delegated
procedures)
109
PART 2 – MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES
2.1 Supplier Evaluation and Subcontract Control Procedure
2.2 Acceptance / Inspection of Aircraft Components and Materials from
Outside Contractors
2.3 Storage, Tagging and Release of Aircraft Components and Materials
to Aircraft Maintenance
2.4 Acceptance of Tools and Equipment
2.5 Calibration of Tools and Equipment
2.6 Use of Tooling and Equipment by Staff (including alternative tools)
2.7 Cleanliness Standards of Maintenance Facilities
2.8 Maintenance Instructions and Relationship to Aircraft / Aircraft
Component Manufacturer's Instructions including Updating and
Availability to Staff
110
PART 2 – MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES (cont.)
2.9 Repair Procedure
2.10 Aircraft Maintenance Programme Compliance
2.11 Airworthiness Directives Procedure
2.12 Optional Modification Procedure
2.13 Maintenance Documentation in use and its Completion
2.14 Technical Records Control
2.15 Rectification of Defects Arising During Base Maintenance
2.16 Release to Service Procedure
2.17 Records for the Operator
2.18. Reporting of Defects to the Competent Authority/ Operator/
Manufacturer
2.19 Return of Defective Aircraft Components to Store
111
2.20 Defective Components to Outside Contractors
2.21 Control of Computer Maintenance Records System
2.22 Control of Man-Hour Planning versus Scheduled Maintenance
Work
2.23 Critical maintenance tasks and error-capturing methods
2.24 Reference to Specific Maintenance Procedures
2.25 Procedures to Detect and Rectify Maintenance Errors
2.26 Shift / Task Handover Procedures
2.27 Procedures for Notification of Maintenance Data Inaccuracies and
Ambiguities to the Type Certificate Holder
2.28 Production Planning Procedures
112
2.29 Airworthiness review procedures and records for ELA1 aircraft not
involved in commercial operations
2.30 Development and approval processing for maintenance
programmes for ELA 2 aircraft not involved in commercial operations
PART L2 ADDITIONAL LINE MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

L2.1 Line Maintenance Control of Aircraft Components, Tools,
Equipment, etc
L2.2 Line Maintenance Procedure Related to Servicing / Fuelling / De-
icing / etc
L2.3 Line Maintenance Control of Defects and Repetitive Defects
L2.4 Line Procedure for Completion of Technical Log
113
PART L2 ADDITIONAL LINE MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES (cont.)
L2.5 Line Procedure for Pooled Parts and Loan Parts
L2.6 Line Procedure for Return of Defective Parts Removed from
Aircraft
L2.7 Line procedure for critical maintenance tasks and error-capturing
methods
PART 3 – QUALITY SYSTEM PROCEDURES

3.1 Quality Audit of Organisation Procedures
3.2 Quality Audit of Aircraft and/or Components
3.3 Quality Audit Corrective Action Procedure
3.4 Certifying Staff and Category Support Staff Qualification and
Training Procedures
3.5 Certifying Staff and Support Staff Records
114
PART 3 – QUALITY SYSTEM PROCEDURES (cont.)
3.6 Quality Audit Personnel
3.7 Qualifying Inspectors
3.8 Qualifying Mechanics
3.9 Aircraft or Aircraft Component Maintenance Tasks Exemption
Process Control
3.10 Concession Control for Deviation from the Organisations'
Procedures
3.11 Qualification Procedure for Specialised Activities Such as Non-
Destructive Testing, Welding
3.12 Control of Manufacturers' and Other Maintenance Working Teams
3.13 Human Factors Training Procedure
3.14 Competence Assessment of Personnel
115
PART 3 – QUALITY SYSTEM PROCEDURES (cont.)
3.15 Training procedures for on-the-job training as per Section 6 of
Appendix III to Part-66
3.16 Procedure for the issue of a recommendation to the competent
authority for the issue of a Part-66 licence in accordance with 66.B.105
PART 4 – CONTRACTED OPERATORS

4.1 Contracting Operators
4.2 Operator Procedures and Paperwork
4.3 Operator Record Completion
116
PART 5 – ANNEXES
5.1 Sample of Documents
5.2 List of Subcontractors as per Part 145.A.75 (b)
5.3 List of Line Maintenance Locations as per Part 145.A.75 (d)
5.4 List of Contracted Organisations as per 145.A.70 (a) (16)
117
Part 145.A.75 – Privileges of the organisation
118
Part 145.A.75 – Privileges of the Organisation (Cont.)
Maintain any aircraft and/or component for which it is approved at the locations identified in
the approval certificate and in the exposition;
Arrange for maintenance of any aircraft or component for which it is approved at another
organisation that is working under the quality system of the organisation.
Maintain any aircraft or any component for which it is approved at any location subject to the
need for such maintenance arising either from the unserviceability of the aircraft or from the
necessity of supporting occasional line maintenance.
Maintain any aircraft and/or component for which it is approved at a location identified as a line
maintenance location capable of supporting minor maintenance and only if the organisation
exposition both permits such activity and lists such locations.
Issue certificates of release to service in respect of completion of maintenance
119
Part 145.A.80 – Limitations to the organisation
120
Part 145.A.80 – Limitations of the Organisation (Cont.)
This is intended to cover the situation where the larger organisation may temporarily not hold
all the necessary tools, equipment etc., for an aircraft type or variant specified in the
organisation's approval.
This means that the competent authority need not amend the approval to delete the aircraft
type or variants on the basis that it is a temporary situation and there is a commitment from the
organisation to re-acquire tools, equipment etc. before maintenance on the type may
recommence.
121
Part 145.A.85 – Changes to the organisation
The organisation shall notify the competent authority any changes before such changes take
place to enable the competent authority to determine continued compliance with this Part and
to amend, if necessary, the approval certificate.
The following changes must be notified at the earliest opportunity:
The name of the organisation;
The main location of the organisation;
Additional locations of the organisation;
The accountable manager;
Any of the persons nominated for responsibility;
The facilities, equipment, tools, material, procedures, work scope, certifying staff and
airworthiness review staff that could affect the approval.
122
Part 145.A.90 – Continued validity
An approval shall be issued for an unlimited duration, while remains in compliance

with Part 145, and has not been surrendered or revoked.
Upon surrender or revocation, the approval shall be returned to the competent
authority
123
Part 145.A.95 – Findings
A level 1 finding is any significant non-compliance
with requirements laid down in this Annex (Part-
145) which lowers the safety standard and hazards
seriously the flight safety.
A level 2 finding is any non-compliance with
requirements laid down in this Annex (Part-145)
which could lower the safety standard and possibly
hazard the flight safety.
After receipt of notification of findings, the holder of the maintenance

organisation approval shall define a corrective action plan and demonstrate
corrective action to the satisfaction of the competent authority within a period
agreed with this authority.
124
Part 145.B
PROCEDURE FOR COMPETENT AUTHORITIES
125
145.B.01. Scope. The competent Authority shall establish administrative procedures to issue,
change, revoke any approval under Part 145.
145.B.10. Competent Authority. The Member State shall designate a competent authority with
allocated responsibilities:
Resources
Qualification & Training
Procedures
145.B.15. Organisations located in several Member States. the investigation and continued
oversight of the approval must be carried out in conjunction.
145.B.20. Initial approval. Investigations, meeting with the accountable manager and
nominated persons and closure of findings must be carried out.
145.B.25. Issue of the approval. An EASA form 3 shall be granted when has finished
investigation satisfactorily.
126
EASA Form 3
127
145.B.30. Continuation of an approval.
Each organisation must be completely reviewed for compliance with this Annex (Part-145)
at periods not exceeding 24 months, through a surveillance planning.
A meeting with the accountable manager shall be convened at least once every 24 months
to ensure he/she remains informed of significant issues arising during audits.
145.B.35. Changes. The competent authority may prescribe the conditions under which
organisation may operate during such changes unless it determines that the approval should be
suspended
145.B.40. Cghanges to the MOE.
Direct approval by the competent authority.
Indirect approval by the Part 145 organization through an approved procedure.
145.B.45. Revocation, suspension and limitation of approval. The competent authority shall:
Suspend an approval on reasonable grounds in the case of potential safety threat; or
Suspend, revoke or limit an approval pursuant to point 145.B.50 (Findings).
128
145.B.50. Findings. The competent authority shall take the following actions when auditing or
by other means:
For level 1 findings, immediate action shall be taken by the competent authority to revoke,
limit or suspend in whole or in part, depending upon the extent of the level 1 finding, the
maintenance organisation approval, until successful corrective action has been taken by the
organisation.
For level 2 findings, the corrective action period granted by the competent authority must
be appropriate to the nature of the finding but in any case initially must not be more than
three months. In certain circumstances and subject to the nature of the finding the
competent authority may extend the three month period subject to a satisfactory
corrective action plan agreed by the competent authority.
145.B.55. Record Keeping. The competent authority shall establish a record-keeping system for
minimum retention period of four years.
145.B.60. Exemptions. All exemptions granted in accordance with Basic Regulation shall be
recorded and retained by the competent authority.
129
RELATIONSHIP WITH OTHER REGULATIONS

PART M & PART 66
130
M.A.501 – Components Installation
131
M.A.501 Classification and installation (Components).
All components shall be classified into the following categories:
Components which are in a satisfactory condition. (EASA Form 1 or equivalent)
Unserviceable components which shall be maintained.
Components categorised as unsalvageable because they have reached their certified
life limit or contain a non-repairable defect.
Standard parts when specified in the maintenance data and accompanied by evidence
of conformity traceable to the applicable standard.
Material both raw and consumable used in the course of maintenance when the
material meets the required specification and has appropriate traceability.
Components, standard parts and material shall only be installed on an aircraft or a
component when they are in a satisfactory condition.
132
M.A.504 – Control of unserviceable components
133
M.A.504 Segregation of components.
Unserviceable and unsalvageable components shall be segregated from serviceable
components, standards parts and materials.
Unsalvageable components shall not be permitted to re-enter the component supply
system unless certified life limits have been extended or a repair solution has been
approved.
134
M.A.402 – Performance of maintenance
135
M.A.402 Performance of maintenance. (And associated AMC’s)
This point of Subpart M develops the following issues:
Performance of maintenance by persons authorised to issue a certificate of release to
service, or under the supervision of persons authorised to issue a certificate of release
to service.
Conditions for supervision to ensure that the work is performed properly and the
supervisor should be readily available for consultation.
Use the tools, equipment and test apparatuses necessary to ensure completion of work
in accordance with accepted maintenance and inspection standards requirements .
(Calibration)
The working environment conditions.
Facilities appropriate for all planned maintenance.
Performance of critical maintenance tasks, independent inspections and reinspections.
136
M.A.403 – Aircraft Defects
137
M.A.403 Aircraft defects
Any aircraft defect that hazards seriously the flight safety shall be rectified
before further flight.
Only the authorised certifying staff, can decide using approved maintenance
data:
Whether an aircraft defect hazards seriously the flight safety
When and which rectification action shall be taken
which defect rectification can be deferred.
However, this does not apply when the MEL is used by the pilot or by the
authorised certifying staff.
Any aircraft defect that would not hazard seriously the flight safety shall be rectified as soon
as practicable. (This is a typical CAMO planning task)
Any defect not rectified before flight shall be recorded in the aircraft maintenance record
system or operator's technical log system as applicable. 138
66.A.20 – Privileges
139
66.A.20 Privileges
A category A, B1, B2, B3, L or C aircraft maintenance licence permits the holder
to issue certificates of release to service following the corresponding
maintenance works within the limits of tasks specifically endorsed on the
certification authorisation referred to in point 145.A.35 of Annex II (Part-145).
The certification privileges shall be restricted to work that the licence holder
has personally performed in the maintenance organisation that issued the
certification authorisation.
140
Doubts ?
141
End of Module 3
EASA PART 145 REGULATIONS
Thank you very much for your attention
www.eu-sea-app.org
easa.europa.eu/connect
Your safety is our mission.

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AIRWORTHINESS INSPECTOR TRAINING

MODULE 3. EASA Part 145 Regulations

SALVADOR ALEPUZ ROMAGUERA

Bangkok (Thailand), October 7th – 18th, 2019)

EU-South East Asia Aviation Partnership Project (EU-SEA APP)

EASA PART 145 Regulations

An Agency of the European Union 2

Annex II – Part 145

Annex III – Part 66

Annex IV – Part 147

SUBPART H — CERTIFICATE OF RELEASE TO SERVICE — CRS

SECTION B — PROCEDURES FOR COMPETENT AUTHORITIES

Line Maintenance Base Maintenance

Category L, divided into the following subcategories:

Category C (Base Maintenance)

Any organisation maintaining aircraft shall have appropriate aircraft-type-rated

What does “Certifying Staff” mean?

personnel responsible for the release of an aircraft or a component after maintenance

Qualified only for minor

Release to service Release to service

All components shall be classified into the following categories:

Components, standard parts and materials for installation

FABRICATION OF PARTS FOR INSTALLATION (AMC1 145.A.42(b)(iii) Components)

❑ WO INITIAL CHECK (CORRECT NOTES, SIGNATURES AND STAMPS,

❑ INSERT COPY OF CRS ON OPERATOR TECHNICAL LOG BOOKS.

The certificate of release to service should contain the following statement:

Crack in the structure

PART L2 ADDITIONAL LINE MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

PART 3 – QUALITY SYSTEM PROCEDURES

PART 4 – CONTRACTED OPERATORS

An approval shall be issued for an unlimited duration, while remains in compliance

After receipt of notification of findings, the holder of the maintenance

RELATIONSHIP WITH OTHER REGULATIONS

Thank you very much for your attention

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